Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gomme de xanthane'
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SCHORSCH, CATHERINE. "Etude rheologique et structurale des melanges gomme xanthane/gomme guar." Massy, ENSIA, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EIAA0053.
Full textCuvelier, Gérard. "Propriétés fonctionnelles de la gomme xanthane : propriétés rhéologiques en solution aqueuse et interactions avec la gomme de caroube." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112278.
Full textThe rheological behaviour of xanthan solutions in NaC1 0. 1M at 25°C have been studied at concentrations from 0. 005 to 0. 8 g/dl. Two critical concentrations are found from flow properties : 0. 03 g/dl, the limit of dilute domain, and 0. 11 g/dl, the beginning of semi-dilute domain. The viscoelastic properties also show two distinct behaviour on both sides of C ˞0. 11 g/dl. A mechanism of parallel packing of chain segments is proposed, beyond this concentration. X-C mixtures at very low concentration have been studied by a sensitive viscometric method. A weak thixotropic network has been shown down to a concentration of a few ppm. The network formation depends on the ageing time. Maximum synergistic effects are observed for a X/C ratio of 55/45. Intrinsic viscosity and Huggins coefficient, determined from viscosity measurements after disruption of the structure under shear, show a decrease of the average hydrodynamic volume and a high tendency to aggregation at the maximum of synergy. A mechanism of association of the two polymers, involving the formation of stable X-C aggregates and of shear sensitive "superaggregates" is proposed. The study of viscoelastic properties of 0. 5 g/dl gels leads to the hypothesis of the existence of long lasting X-C interactions, and X-X interactions of shorter lifetime. Maximum synergistic effect is observed for about 70% xanthan. The evolution of the gel during ageing time at 25°C shows a restructuration of the medium, new X-X junction zones being formed at the expense of X-C junction zones. The measurements of viscoelastic properties during sol-gel transition (melting ˞53°C) indicates that a rheological criterion (G'/G"=cste independently of the frequency) recently proposed for the determination of the percolation threshold may be extended to the physical gels
Hamcerencu, Mihaela. "Contribution à l'étude de systèmes polymère-médicament à base de polysaccharides hydrosolubles, fonctionnalisés et réticulés." Mulhouse, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MULH0867.
Full textNew interpenetrated neo type hydrogels (films,microparticles) based on functionalized exopolysaccharides (Xanthane,Gellane) able to include and to release drugs in a controlled manner were synthesized, `by grafting-crosslinking with isopropyl acrylamide in presence/absence of methylene bisacrylamide or the (3-functionalized cyclodextrin. They were characterized from the point of view of composition, structure, moholy, rheological and thermal properties. The swelling degree according to type of the polysaccharide derivative and of its content was established. Sensitivity to the external parameters: pH, ionic, ionic force, solvent chemical nature was also shown. Their quality as biomaterials was proven by the evaluation of toxicity, biocompatibility, hydrogels capacity to include and release of hydro and liposoluble drugs, and by the obtained polymer-drug systems antibacterial activities
Cuvelier, Gérard. "Propriétés fonctionnelles de la gomme xanthane propriétés rhéologiques des solutions aqueuses et interactions avec la gomme de caroube /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612847x.
Full textLe, Martret Claire. "Evaluation des performances d'hydrocolloïdes (gommes xanthane,guar et caroube)pour la formulation de matrices hydrophiles par compression directe : pharmacotechnie et biopharmacie." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA114808.
Full textLaneuville, Ballester Sandra Isabel, and Ballester Sandra Isabel Laneuville. "Étude de l'interaction associative entre la β-lactoglobuline et le xanthane natif ou le xanthane traité aux hautes pressions hydrodynamiques." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18223.
Full textL’interaction associative entre la β-lactoglobuline et le xanthane (natif ou traité par hautes pressions hydrodynamiques) résultant en la formation de complexes électrostatiques a été étudiée par diverses techniques chimiques et physiques. L’objectif principal était d’approfondir les connaissances fondamentales au niveau moléculaire sur les interactions protéines – polysaccharides anioniques. Il a été trouvé que le mécanisme de séparation de phases associative suivi par ce système est une nucléation et croissance qui résultant en la formation de diverses structures fractales. Notamment, des différences de taille, de structure interne (compacité) et de solubilité ont été obtenues selon, entre autres, le pH et le ratio protéine – xanthane qui dirigent les processus de structuration dans le système en gouvernant, respectivement, la densité de charge des molécules et les effets d’équilibre de masse. L’importance et l’effet des forces de cisaillement appliquées (ou non) ainsi que la méthode d’acidification utilisée pendant la séparation de phases ont aussi été démontrés. Ainsi, lorsque la complexation a lieu sous cisaillement, la taille et la structure des complexes sont déterminées par un processus de restructuration induit par une compétition entre les forces électrostatiques attractives et les forces de rupture dues à l’écoulement. D’autre part, il a été démontré que le degré d’agrégation du xanthane est responsable des différentes structures formées puisque c’est le polysaccharide qui agit comme support lors de la complexation. Particulièrement, à des taux d’acidification lents, la taille des complexes peut être contrôlée en modifiant le poids moléculaire du xanthane. Les propriétés fonctionnelles des complexes obtenus peuvent ainsi être modifiées et façonnées en ajustant divers paramètres initiaux (ratio protéine – xanthane, poids moléculaire du xanthane) ainsi que les conditions présentes lors de leur fabrication (cisaillement, vitesse d’acidification). La fonctionnalité des complexes comme substituts de matière grasse a été évaluée dans des formulations modèles de garniture à biscuit ou glaçage à gâteaux. Les complexes ont conféré de bons attributs de viscosité et de texture aux échantillons faibles en gras.
The associative interaction between β-lactoglobulin and xanthan gum (native or treated by high hydrodynamic pressures) resulting in the formation of electrostatic complexes was studied by several chemical and physical techniques. The main objective was to develop a fundamental knowledge of this system at a molecular level, to better understand the interactions between proteins and anionic polysaccharides. The associative phase separation in this system proceeded via a nucleation and growth mechanism that resulted in the formation of distinct fractal structures. Namely, differences in size, internal structure (compactness), and solubility were obtained depending principally on the pH and initial protein to polysaccharide ratio; which, in turn governed molecular charge density and mass action equilibrium effects determining the structuration processes. The important effects of the acidification method and the shearing forces applied during complexation were also identified. Particularly, it was revealed that when shear forces were applied during complexation the size and the structure of interpolymeric complexes were determined by restructuring processes set by a competition between attractive electrostatic forces and rupture forces caused by flow. Moreover, it was found that the aggregation pattern of xanthan gum was responsible for the formation of the different structures since it is the polysaccharide that acts as the support during complexation. Accordingly, at slow rates of acidification, a modification of the molecular weight of xanthan gum can control the size of the complexes. Therefore, the characteristics and functional properties of the complexes can be modified and tailored by adjusting the initial parameters and the conditions present during their manufacture.
The associative interaction between β-lactoglobulin and xanthan gum (native or treated by high hydrodynamic pressures) resulting in the formation of electrostatic complexes was studied by several chemical and physical techniques. The main objective was to develop a fundamental knowledge of this system at a molecular level, to better understand the interactions between proteins and anionic polysaccharides. The associative phase separation in this system proceeded via a nucleation and growth mechanism that resulted in the formation of distinct fractal structures. Namely, differences in size, internal structure (compactness), and solubility were obtained depending principally on the pH and initial protein to polysaccharide ratio; which, in turn governed molecular charge density and mass action equilibrium effects determining the structuration processes. The important effects of the acidification method and the shearing forces applied during complexation were also identified. Particularly, it was revealed that when shear forces were applied during complexation the size and the structure of interpolymeric complexes were determined by restructuring processes set by a competition between attractive electrostatic forces and rupture forces caused by flow. Moreover, it was found that the aggregation pattern of xanthan gum was responsible for the formation of the different structures since it is the polysaccharide that acts as the support during complexation. Accordingly, at slow rates of acidification, a modification of the molecular weight of xanthan gum can control the size of the complexes. Therefore, the characteristics and functional properties of the complexes can be modified and tailored by adjusting the initial parameters and the conditions present during their manufacture.
Aguni, Youssef. "Contribution à la compréhension des mécanismes d'interaction xanthane/galactimannane." Le Havre, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LEHA0013.
Full textThis research project aims to contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms and the nature of the interactions Xanthan/Galactomannan (X/Gal). Initially, a chemical analysis of different batches of X and Gal gums has been carried out, allowing a selection. The behavior in aqueous solution of gum X and Gal has been observed, separately or in mixture. The methods used are primarily rheology and the study of retention/release of flavours compounds. The viscosimetric data obtained in dilute solutions of polymere concentration was investigated, using various approaches available in scientific literature. The project has clarified the evidence of the impact of the model calculations which have been used to determine the intrinsic parameters of these gums, separately and in mixtures: intrinsic viscosity, aggregation, conformation, parameters of attraction/repulsion between the gums. The mechanisms of interactions between these two gums were also the subject of a significant share of this project, aiming to identify the parameters that control the retention of flavour compounds within the gums and their blend. The results of this research project suggest 3 models of interaction mechanisms between Xanthan and Galactomannan : The first is the strong interaction between Xanthan and Caroub. The intermolecular bonding involves binding of unsubstituted regions (smooth regions) of the Galactomannan to the uncoordinated segments of Xanthan. The second model is the absence of interaction between Xanthan and Guar with weak “Degree of blockness” and finally the third is the weak interaction between Xanthan and Guar with strong “Degree of blockness”
Letisse, Fabien. "Quantification des contraintes métaboliques associées à la production de gomme xanthane par Xanthmonas campestris." Toulouse, INSA, 2000. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000227/.
Full textJouanny-Bouyer, Eléonore. "Stabilisation d'émulsions d'intérêt pharmaceutique par des protéines et des polysaccharides : exemples de la β-lactoglobuline, de la gomme arabique et de la gomme xanthane." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01056468.
Full textJouanny-Bouyer, Eléonore. "Stabilisation d’émulsions d’intérêt pharmaceutique par des protéines et des polysaccharides : exemples de la β-lactoglobuline, de la gomme arabique et de la gomme xanthane." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA114802/document.
Full textThe main objective of this study was to formulate and characterize oil-in-water simple emulsions of pharmaceutical interest stabilized by β-lactoglobulin (β-lg), gum arabic (GA), xanthan gum (XG), and mixtures of β-lg:GA and β-lg:XG. The total biopolymer final concentration in the dispersions was 1 (w/w) % and could be raised to 2.5 (w/w) % if the formulated emulsions were not stable. β-lg:GA mixing was performed at pH 4.2 to allow attractive electrostatic interactions between the two biopolymers and thus the formation of complexes. Two protein:polysaccharide ratios were investigated: 2:1 and 1:2. Conversely, β8lg:XG mixing was performed at pH 7, where both biopolymers are negatively charged, in order to avoid the complex formation, and with a 1:1 ratio. A stability study was conducted for emulsions over a 6-month period. The obtained stabilities could be classified increasingly: GA 2.5 % < β-lg:GA 2.5 % < β-lg 2.5 % < XG 1 % = β-lg:XG 1 %. Several stabilization mechanisms were evidenced by the study of the biopolymer interfacial properties, the study of emulsion rheology and by confocal laser scanning microscopy observations with labeled fluorescent biopolymers. β-lg and GA were both able to adsorb at the interface of oil globule. XG enhanced the continuous phase viscosity. β-lg:GA mixing led to the formation of a stabilizing interfacial double layer. Finally, β-lg:XG association combined the stabilization mechanisms of both biopolymers, respectively: interfacial adsorption and enhancement of the continuous phase viscosity
Le, Xuan Thang. "Étude du mécanisme de gélification du gel couplé B-lactoglobuline/gomme xanthane et des propriétés du gel." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30570/30570.pdf.
Full textThe associative electrostatic interaction between native β-lactoglobulin (βlg) and xanthan gum (XG) resulting in the formation of electrostatic gels was studied by several techniques. The main objectives of this study were firstly to better understand the role of βlg and XG in gel structuration and the interactions involved in gel stabilization and secondly to relate gel behaviors to their microstructures. The gelation processes of βlg-XG mixtures were monitored by viscoelastic measurements and the microstructure of the gels was observed by confocal laser scanning microscope. The effect of several environmental factors including the βlg-XG ratio, biopolymer concentration, ionic strength, acidification rate, and presence of neutral polysaccharides (inulin and β-glucan) were investigated. It was revealed that the initial network of XG provided a frame for gel organization; the βlg aggregated along the XG chains and played a role of cross-linking agent. Gel structure and behavior can then be modified and tailored through the adjustment of βlg-XG ratio, biopolymer concentration, and ionic strength. The effect of acidification rate was studied using different quantities of glucono-delta-lactone (GDL). This approach allowed reducing the gelation time without modification in gel structure. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to study the conformation of proteins during gelation with the XG. It was found that the secondary conformation of βlg did not change during the electrostatic interaction with the XG. The involvement of hydrogen bonds (between βlg-XG, βlg-βlg) and hydrophobic interactions (between βlg-βlg) in gel stabilization upon thermal treatment of gel at 80°C for 30 minutes were determined. The heat treatment has not only improved the stability but also reduced gel syneresis. The results of this project should enable the food, biomedical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical industries to develop new functional semi-solid products or new interesting materials to incorporate active molecules.
Bejenariu, Anca Gabriela. "Hydrogels à base de xanthane : effet de la conformation des chaînes macromoléculaires." Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUES064.
Full textChemical hydrogels based on xanthan have been synthesized with different conditions that are favorable to the two possible xanthan conformation : ordered (double helix) disordered (statistic coil). A great part has been devoted the determination of parameters which controlled the conformation transition in xanthan concentrated solutions. Theses parameters have been optimized in view to synthetize xanthan hydrogels in acidic medium by adipic acid dihydrazid (ADH) and in alkaline medium by trisodium trimetaphosphate (STMP). The systems are characterized by elemental analysis, kinetic swelling degree and behavior in different environnmental conditions. Some model molecules have been tested in order to assess the entrapping and releasing properties in environments that are mimicking human fluids
Secouard, Sébastien. "Rétention du limonène au sein de matrices polysaccharidiques à base de xanthane et de galactomannanes." Le Havre, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LEHA0004.
Full textThis work deals with relations between properties of matrices based on polysaccharides, and retention properties of an aroma compound: limonene. The polysaccharides used are xanthan gum, galactomannan: carob gum and guar gum, and xanthan / galactomannans mixtures. The results show a sharp reduction of limonene release as the result of two main mechanisms: diffusion decrease in the media and molecular interactions between flavour compounds and matrix constituents. The first mechanism follows the Stokes-Einstein equation that predicts the reduction of flavour molecule diffusion as the solution viscosity increases. This mechanism is particularly pointed out for xanthan solutions in comparison to galactomannan solutions. Moreover, binding interactions of limonene with the xanthan matrices occur. Kinetic studies of both the surface properties characteristics and the aroma compound release allow to evidence rearrangement of polymers chains at the interface of xanthan, guar and xanthan/guar matrices. This phenomenon has a role of "barrier" on the release of limonene and it confirms the formation of apolar interactions from the semi-diluted regime concentration of xanthan. Xanthan / galactomannan mixtures develop well-known synergistic properties, but the mechanisms of interactions still remain controversial. Thus, this work especially allowed a better understanding of the nature of the interactions between the different polysaccharides. Specific limonene - matrix interactions are preponderant in xanthan/carob mixtures. Among all of the researches, two studies were conducted: one with decanal and diacetyl (highly polar volatile) and another one that deals with matrix - air interfaces properties. They both allow a confirmation of some hypotheses about hydrophobic zones formation in such mixtures
Tonon-Mariage, Claudine. "Propriétés rhéologiques des solutions aqueuses de xanthane, de caroube et de leurs mélanges : influence de quelques caractéristiques des deux biopolymères." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112106.
Full textRheological properties of xanthan (X) solutions have been studied in NaCl 1,1M as a function of concentration, percentage of pyruvate and acetate, and of post-fermentation treatments. For all samples, the existence of two critical concentrations has been corroborated from flow and viscoelastic properties, they limit the diluted, intermediate and semi-diluted domains. The acetyl free xanthan shows the stronger polymer-polymer interactions. Ethanolic precipitation of carob (C) produces samples with a decreasing mannose/galactose (M/G) ratio. From the variation of viscosity and from viscoelastic properties in the semi-diluted domain, it is shown that the smoother fractions (higher M/G) exhibit an higher tendancy to aggregation. The shape of the complex modulus spectrum of X-C thermoreversible gels (0. 5 g/dl) leads to the hypothesis of long time X-C interactions and of X-X interactions of shorter lifetime. It is assumed that a reorganization of the gel takes place during ageing : X-X junction zones increase at the expense of X-C junction zones. On the contrary, a quick cooling seems to favor X-C interactions. Native xanthan chains are denser and exhibit much less interactions with carob than thermal treated ones. Removing pyruvate or acetate groups produces a decrease of interaction power with carob which is also mainly attributed to a fall in hydrodynamic volume. In general, smoother carob fractions give X-C gels of higher elastic modulus. X-C mixtures at very low concentration have been studied by a sensitive viscometric method. A weak thixotropic network has been shown down to a concentration of a few ppm. Intrinsic viscosity and Huggins coefficient after disruption of the stucture under shear, show a decrease of the average hydrodynamic volume and a high tendancy to aggregation, the most synergistic X/C ratio corresponding to a maximum in both phenomema. Melting takes place in a large temperature range (47 to 65°C). Compared to the results obtained in the semi-diluted domain, the effect of the primary structure is still the same but the effect of M/G ratio is less marked. A gelling mechanism, involving the formation of stable X-C aggregates and of shear sensitive "superaggregates", is proposed
Dame, Cécile. "Etude des relations entre la stabilité des mousses de décontamination nucléaire et leurs propriétés physico-chimiques." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX30012.
Full textThe LPAD (French Atomic Energy Commission) develops innovative processes in the frame of the future dismantling of nuclear facilities. Formulations were developed using high viscosified foams stabilized by biodegradable nonionic surfactants : alkyl polyglucosides and viscosifiers (xanthan gum), which allow us to increase the foam lifetime and thus contact time of chemical reactants with the facility walls. We have considered the relationships between physicochemical properties and foam stability through the exploration of the foam at three different scales: from the molecular range (micelles, surface tension and viscoelasticity), to the film and Plateau border range (XR reflectivity, surface shear viscosity) and to macroscopic range, meaning the whole foam (foaminess, liquid fraction and wall film thickness evolution). Finally, exploratory study is presented concerning simultaneous foam three scales characterisation by small angle neutron scattering
Laporte, Martin. "Etude de l'écoulement diphasique à l'échelle millimétrique et micrométrique : application aux mousses." Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT2057.
Full textA previous study showed the possibility to produce continuously food foams with a SMX10 (sulzerTM)static mixer for void fractions below 0,85. The main goal of this work is to reduce this void fraction towards food industries targets (<0,85), without having negative impact on the foams stability. To do so, it is necessary to reduce the bubbles size, either by increasing the processes shear rates and/or the liquid viscosity. To reach this goal, four processes have been used : two static mixers SMX10 and SMX+6 as well as microchannels (channels with square sections, 500 and 600 µm in diameter). Foams were made of whey protein isolates (WPI) as foaming agent and xanthan gum (XG) at different concentrations to modulate the liquid viscosities. A preliminary study allowed us targeting the appropriate flow regimes to control the gas quantity in the foams, for a wide range of void fractions [0,5 – 0,98]. In this flow regime, it has been demonstrated that these processes allow mastering the foams structural properties, especially the bubble size. These structural properties have been then linked to the usual foams properties such as texture and stability. This study proved that the microchannels can be used as a continuous foaming process suitable for the food industry. Moreover, compared to the tested static mixers, they offer a complementary range of gas fraction for food foams
Causse, Benjamin. "Mécanismes d'adsorption des métaux lourds par les exopolysaccharides bactériens : Le système Xanthane-Cuivre comme modèle d'étude." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00493322.
Full textZeng, Ni. "Formulation et caractérisation d'une forme buccale mucoadhésive thermogélifiante pour administration de sulfate de salbutamol." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA05P602/document.
Full textThe treatment of asthma concerns a large population and generally necessitates an administration by the pulmonary route. This route has some drawbacks which could be overcome by the buccal route, like considered in this study expecting an improvement of the compliance and the bioavailability. The aim of this work was to develop and characterize a thermogelling mucoadhesive formulation containing salbutamol sulfate. The main properties of the formulation were: (i) thermogelation around 30°C to facilitate the administration by spray; (ii) strong mechanical properties and high mucoadhesive strength to maintain the formulation in situ; (iii) drug release kinetics adapted to the treatment. The excipients were selected with regard to the final formulation safety. The experimental work emphasized the great interest of certain techniques in the characterization of this kind of formulation, for example the drug release study using flow through apparatus, the cytotoxicity study using digital holographic microscopy and also the mucoadhesion study by in vivo imaging. The use of mathematical models provided a relevant understanding of drug release mechanisms. The conclusion of this study is favorable to a further development of the project for a future marketing
Capron, Isabelle. "Traitement thermique des moûts de fermentation et organisation moléculaire du xanthane, conséquences rhéologiques." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES021.
Full textIngani, Hyacinthe. "Etude des paramètres de formulation influençant les caractéristiques de libération de principes actifs à partir de matrices hydrophiles à base de gomme xanthane et conception de comprimés matriciels bicouches flottants." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213411.
Full textPons, Agnès. "Analyse de la production de xanthane par xanthomonas campestris nrrl b-1459 en cuve agitee et en colonne a bulles a l'aide d'un modele structure." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF2D201.
Full textAzar, Fadi. "Gels à révélateurs chimiques pour la détection de la contamination radioactive de surfaces solides." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20063.
Full textThis work deals with the formulation of new gels to detect visually radioactive surface contamination α or γ by color changing. A thin gel film (<1mm) is sprayed onto the wall and is easily recovered after drying, Transparent, viscoelastic polymer xanthan gels and with radiosensitive dyes were selected.γ irradiation of organic dyes and colored complex Fe (II)- xylenol orange in silica and Xanthan gel were performed. Mechanisms and kinetics of oxidation by radiolysis were identified as a function of absorbed dose. The gel iron (II)-xylenol orange- Xanthane, noted FXX, revealed a spot of contamination by 137cesium (γ emitter of Activity0 = 20 KBq) after 48 hours by oxidation of the complex xylenol orange- ion (II). Moreover, the same gel detected a surface contamination by 239plutonium (transmitter Activity0 = 3720 Bq) after one day.For recovering after drying, the addition of silica to xanthan gel helped highlight a final dry residue delaminates at low concentration of silica or fracture at high silica concentration. However, the addition of acid (> 2 M) led to a partial drying of the gel giving a wet film recoverable
Chinaud, Maxime. "Etude expérimentale de l'instabilité de digitation visqueuse de fluides rhéofluidifiants modèles." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20250/document.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study of Saffman-Taylor instabilities of complex fluids models. These are solutions of xanthan whose shear thinning behavior increases with polymer concentration.Initially, we studied the rheological properties of model fluids and then we characterized the properties of flow in a Hele-Shaw thick. In a second step, we measured by PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) distribution of the velocity field around the fingers of Saffman-Taylor for all fluids studied. To validate the PIV experiments, we characterized the sedimentation rates of tracers, by the complementary technique of ultrasonic speckle velocimetry (Ultrasonic Speckle Velocimetry).We have shown experimentally that the velocity field for all fluids is irrotational and that the shape of the finger can be modeled by a potential flow around a Rankine solid. Experiments have shown that the radius of curvature at the top of the fingers is the only parameter which depends on the rheological properties of xanthan solutions.In addition, this parameter influences the whole hydrodynamic around Saffman-Taylor fingers