Academic literature on the topic 'Gonadectomie'
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Journal articles on the topic "Gonadectomie"
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Lannoo, J., G. Domain, A. Van Soom, and E. Wydooghe. "Gonadectomie 2.0: nieuwe inzichten over de langetermijneffecten bij honden." Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 90, no. 2 (2021): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/vdt.v90i2.18832.
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Argumenten tegen gonadectomie worden steeds vaker gehoord. Nieuwe studies tonen immers aan dat de ingreep voor de hond negatieve gevolgen kan hebben die op het eerste zicht niet rechtstreeks met het weghalen van de gonaden of de geslachtshormonen verband houden. In het voorliggende overzichtsartikel wordt de huidige literatuur over de langetermijngevolgen van gonadectomie op de gezondheid van de hond beschreven. De belangrijkste reden voor het ovariëctomiseren van een teef is de afname van het risico op pyometra en mammatumoren in vergelijking met intacte teven. De beschermende werking tegen mammatumoren is de reden waarom de operatie vaak op jonge leeftijd uitgevoerd wordt. Echter, in recent onderzoek werd aangetoond dat gewrichtsproblemen en bepaalde niet-genitale neoplasieën vaker voorkomen bij honden na gonadectomie, vooral bij prepuberaal geopereerde dieren. De resultaten van deze studies tonen grote rasverschillen aan, waardoor een algemeen advies over gonadectomie voor de hele hondenpopulatie niet realistisch is. De evolutie naar een ‘advies op maat’ dringt zich op.
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Van Cleven, A., E. Wydooghe, L. Van Brantegem, et al. "Testiculaire aandoening van seksuele differentiatie (78,XX SRY-negatief) bij een vrouwelijke Franse buldog." Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 84, no. 6 (2015): 318–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/vdt.v84i6.16438.
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Een tien maanden oude, vermeend vrouwelijke, intacte Franse buldog werd op de Faculteit Diergeneeskunde te Merelbeke (UGent) aangeboden met een vergrote clitoris en purulente vaginale uitvloei. Als therapie werd voorgesteld om de vergrote clitoris te verwijderen om verdere irritatie te vermijden en tegelijkertijd een gonadectomie uit te voeren aangezien de eigenaars geen fokplannen hadden. Intraoperatief werd een afwijkende genitaaltractus vastgesteld, waarbij macroscopisch een normaal uitziende baarmoeder aanwezig was maar waarbij de gonaden testes leken in plaats van ovaria. Histologisch onderzoek van het verwijderde weefsel toonde aan dat het inderdaad over bilaterale testes aansluitend op een normale baarmoeder ging. Karyotypering en de moleculaire analyse van het SRY-gen resulteerden in een 78,XX SRY-negatief karyotype. Bij de Franse buldog werd bijgevolg finaal een 78,XX SRY-negatief testiculaire aandoening van seksuele differentiatie, i.e. “disorder of sex development” (DSD) gediagnosticeerd.
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Mosqueda-Romo, Néstor Aarón, Ana Laura Rodríguez-Morales, Fidel Orlando Buendía-González, Margarita Aguilar-Sánchez, Jorge Morales-Montor, and Martha Legorreta-Herrera. "Gonadal Steroids Negatively Modulate Oxidative Stress in CBA/Ca Female Mice Infected withP. bergheiANKA." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/805495.
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We decreased the level of gonadal steroids in female and male mice by gonadectomy. We infected these mice withP. bergheiANKA and observed the subsequent impact on the oxidative stress response. Intact females developed lower levels of parasitaemia and lost weight faster than intact males. Gonadectomised female mice displayed increased levels of parasitaemia, increased body mass, and increased anaemia compared with their male counterparts. In addition, gonadectomised females exhibited lower specific catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in their blood and spleen tissues compared with gonadectomised males. To further study the oxidative stress response inP. bergheiANKA-infected gonadectomised mice, nitric oxide levels were assessed in the blood and spleen, and MDA levels were assessed in the spleen. Intact, sham-operated, and gonadectomised female mice exhibited higher levels of nitric oxide in the blood and spleen compared with male mice. MDA levels were higher in all of the female groups. Finally, gonadectomy significantly increased the oxidative stress levels in females but not in males. These data suggest that differential oxidative stress is influenced by oestrogens that may contribute to sexual dimorphism in malaria.
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Fraenkel, M., J. Caloyeras, S.-G. Ren, and S. Melmed. "Sex-steroid milieu determines diabetes rescue in pttg-null mice." Journal of Endocrinology 189, no. 3 (2006): 519–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.06656.
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Male mice that are pttg-null develop sexually dimorphic diabetes with hypoinsulinemia secondary to reduced post-natal -cell proliferation and an inability to expand islet cell mass with aging. We therefore examined the effects of sex-steroid manipulation on diabetes development in pttg−/− male mice. Surgical gonadectomy was followed by implantation of 90-day slow-release pellets releasing 17β-estradiol (0.36 mg/pellet), placebo or dihydrotestosterone (DHT; 12.5 mg/pellet). Mean fasting blood sugars at the end of the study were 414 ± 54 mg/dl for pttg−/− controls and 371 ± 14 mg/dl for pttg−/− mice gonad-ectomized and treated with DHT compared with 124 ± 40 and 85 ± 12 mg/dl in gonadectomized pttg−/− males treated with placebo or estradiol, respectively (P < 0.01 compared with control pttg−/−). Gonadectomy with and without estradiol treatment did not increase the very low circulating insulin levels in pttg-null males (fasting insulin 0.44 ± 0.04 ng/ml in pttg−/− controls, 0.47 ± 0.07 and 0.4 ng/ml in pttg−/− gonadectomized males treated with placebo or estradiol, respectively). Gonadectomy increased serum adiponectin levels (4.9 ± 008 μg/ml in pttg−/− controls versus 13 ± 0.08 and 7.5 ± 0.6 μg/ml in pttg−/− gonadectomized males treated with placebo or estradiol, respectively; P < 0.001 and P < 0.05), accompanied by increased insulin sensitivity. The results show that gonadectomy delayed, and gonadectomy with additional estradiol treatment prevented, diabetes development in pttg−/− males, possibly through increased insulin sensitivity mediated by elevated serum adiponectin levels. Male-selective effects of disrupted β-cell proliferation in the absence of pttg are restored by sex-steroid effects on peripheral insulin sensitivity.
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Windmill, KF, BJ Meade, and VW Lee. "Effect of prepubertal gonadectomy and sex steroid treatment on the growth and lymphocyte populations of the rat thymus." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 5, no. 1 (1993): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd9930073.
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The age at which rats are most sensitive to prepubertal gonadectomy, in terms of thymic growth, was investigated. Gonadectomy enhanced thymic growth at each age; the greatest difference in thymic weight between gonadectomized and intact animals occurred in male rats gonadectomized at 5 weeks of age (64%) and in female rats gonadectomized at 4-5 weeks of age (43-46%). The effect of various synthetic sex steroids on growth and lymphocyte populations of the thymus in gonadectomized rats was examined. Diethylstilboestrol, 1 mg per animal, inhibited thymic growth by more than 35% in both males and females. Ethinyloestradiol, 40 micrograms per animal, inhibited thymic growth by 26% in males but by only 4% in females. Fluoxymesterone, 10 mg per animal, inhibited thymic growth by more than 46% in both sexes. Norgestrel, 12 micrograms per animal, had no effect on thymic growth. The synthetic steroids that significantly inhibited thymic growth decreased the intensity and altered the localization of staining for total T cells (antibody clone MRC OX 19), T helper cells and macrophages (W 3/5), T cytotoxic/suppressor cells (MRC OX 8) and B cells (MRC OX 12).
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Cheverda, I., and M. Zakharenko. "The morphological composition of the blood and the peculiarities of metabolism in gonadectomized cockerels of the Adler silvery breed." Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini, no. 1(165) (May 25, 2021): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-165-1-18-26.
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The article reflects the results of a study of the morphological composition of blood, indicators of metabolism and the content of hormones in the blood plasma of gonadectomized cockerels of the Adler silvery breed. In the experiment, 40 males were used at the age of 6 weeks, of which two groups were formed, a control and an experimental, 20 heads each. It was found that during the preparatory (leveling) period, the clinical state, morphological composition of blood and metabolic parameters in the experimental group of males did not differ from each other and were within the limits of their physiological values. There were also no differences in blood glucose concentration, protein content, triglycerol, cholesterol, uric acid, as well as the activity of alkaline phosphatase, alanine and aspartate aminotransferase in the blood plasma of cockerels in the experimental and control groups during the preparatory period. Gonadectomy of males by surgical intervention at the age of six weeks did not significantly affect the morphology of their blood on the third day, with the exception of ESR, the value of which in birds of the experimental group was 1.9 times higher than in the control. In gonadectomized males, the number of platelets in the blood decreased by 30.7% compared to the control, which indicates a decrease in platelet activity and is probably associated with their participation in blood coagulation processes in the body after gonadectomy. Other indicators of the morphological composition of blood, namely, the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils in gonadectomized males did not change compared with the control. It was found that the concentration of glucose in the blood, as well as total protein and uric acid in the blood plasma of males who underwent gonadectomy on the third day of the research period were at the level of the values of the control group birds and corresponded to the physiological values of these parameters in clinically healthy birds. On the 125th day of the main period in gonadectomized males, the level of glucose and protein, as well as indicators of lipid metabolism, namely, the concentration of triglycerol and cholesterol in the blood plasma did not change, while the content of uric acid increased by 23.7% compared with the control. It was found that the content of cortisol in the blood plasma of gonadectomized males was 3.2 times lower, and testosterone 10.2 times lower than in the control. So, gonadectomy of cockerels does not affect the morphological composition of the blood, indicators of the metabolic status of the bird, but it helps to reduce the content of cortisol and testosterone in the blood plasma. Key words: roosters, gonadectomy, blood morphology, metabolic parameters, enzyme activity, cortisol, testosterone.
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Malhotra, A., P. Buttrick, and J. Scheuer. "Effects of sex hormones on development of physiological and pathological cardiac hypertrophy in male and female rats." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 259, no. 3 (1990): H866—H871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1990.259.3.h866.
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Previous studies have demonstrated a role for sex hormones in maintaining normal heart weight and myosin isoenzyme balance in the rat. To determine if sex hormones were necessary to elicit cardiac adaptations to the chronic loads of swimming or hypertension, female rats were gonadectomized (X) and then exposed either to a chronic swimming program (Sw) or to renal hypertension for 8-10 wk. Because gonadectomy in females increased heart and body weight, separate groups of food-restricted sedentary and Sw gonadectomized females (XFR) were included. Swimming resulted in significant increases in both heart weight and in the percent ventricular V1 isomyosin in female controls (C), X, and XFR. Hypertension was studied in C, X, and X with estrogen replacement. Cardiac hypertrophy developed in all groups, but estrogen therapy attenuated the decline in percent V1 isomyosin in both normotensive and hypertensive X animals. Swimming, which is generally not associated with cardiac hypertrophy in males, was also studied in that sex. Gonadectomy did not alter either the heart weight or the myosin isoenzyme response to Sw, although testosterone replacement in gonadectomized males restored ventricular V1 myosin levels to or above normal. Measures of serum thyroid levels and of myocardial catecholamines failed to demonstrate a causal relationship between these hormones and the various results. Therefore, although sex hormones are important for maintaining normal heart weights and myosin isoenzyme balance in rats, they do not appear to be important in the adaptations hearts exhibit when exposed to physiological or pathological loads.
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Ohlsson, L., O. Isaksson, and J. O. Jansson. "Endogenous testosterone enhances growth hormone (GH)-releasing factor-induced GH secretion in vitro." Journal of Endocrinology 113, no. 2 (1987): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1130249.
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ABSTRACT The influence of endogenous gonadal steroids in male and female rats on basal and growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF)-stimulated GH secretion from perifused anterior pituitaries was studied. After 75 min of perifusion with basal medium, freshly dissected pituitaries were exposed to human GRF(1–44) (10 nmol/l) for 15 min. Neonatal (day 1–2) or prepubertal (day 25) gonadectomy of male rats suppressed baseline GH release (ng/min per mg dry weight) as well as GRF-stimulated GH release by 40–70%. This effect was slightly more pronounced in neonatally gonadectomized animals. In prepubertally gonadectomized male rats, the suppression of GH release was completely reversed by testosterone replacement therapy. In female rats, prepubertal gonadectomy did not affect GH secretion from perifused pituitaries. However, treatment of ovariectomized female rats with oestradiol reduced baseline and GRF-induced GH release to levels lower than those observed in sham-operated or vehicle-treated ovariectomized animals. The data suggest that testicular androgen secretion in adult male rats increases the pituitary GH release in response to GRF in vitro, whereas ovarian oestrogen secretion is of less importance for the GRF responsiveness of female rat pituitaries. J. Endocr. (1987) 113,249–253
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Woller, Michael J., Pam L. Tannenbaum, Nancy J. Schultz-Darken, Bruce D. Eshelman, and David H. Abbott. "Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone release from hypothalamic explants of male marmoset monkeys compared with male rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 298, no. 1 (2010): R70—R78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00193.2009.
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The present study was conducted to quantify in vitro gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release parameters in the male marmoset. We established primary cultures of marmoset hypothalamic tissues for ∼2 days (marmosets) to assess GnRH release profiles in vitro in hypothalamic explants from testis-intact and gonadectomized males. Pulsatile GnRH release profiles were readily demonstrated from in vitro hypothalamic explants isolated from adult male marmoset monkeys. Gonadectomy of male marmosets resulted in elevated mean GnRH and pulse amplitude from hypothalamic explants on the 1st day of culture ( day 0). GnRH pulse amplitude increased by day 2 in ∼67% of hypothalamic explants from testis-intact marmosets, suggesting release from an endogenous regulator of GnRH. We also measured GnRH release profiles in vitro in hypothalamic explants from testis-intact and gonadectomized rats. Male rats showed no changes in any concentration or frequency release parameters for GnRH following gonadectomy or during successive days in culture. The present study represents a unique examination of GnRH release from male marmoset monkey hypothalamic tissue and compares release dynamics directly with those obtained from male rat, suggesting a species difference in feedback regulation of GnRH release.
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Canny, BJ, KA O'Farrell, IJ Clarke, and AJ Tilbrook. "The influence of sex and gonadectomy on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis of the sheep." Journal of Endocrinology 162, no. 2 (1999): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1620215.
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There is a sex difference in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis of many species, although there are sparse data on the sheep. In the present study we have compared the HPA axes of intact and gonadectomised adult male and female sheep at the level of the median eminence, pituitary and adrenal glands using a variety of in vitro approaches. The concentration of arginine vasopressin (AVP) was higher (P<0.01) in the median eminence of male than female sheep, and was also elevated by gonadectomy of either sex (P<0.01). The concentration of corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) in the median eminence did not differ between the sexes, but was also elevated in both sexes following gonadectomy (P<0.01). Anterior pituitary pro-opiomelanocortin mRNA concentrations were higher (P<0.05) in intact male sheep than in intact females, with the levels in gonadectomised animals of both sexes being intermediate. In contrast to this finding, basal ACTH secretion from anterior pituitary cells was higher (P<0.05) in cultures derived from female sheep than those from males, but gonadectomy was without effect. There was no effect of sex or gonadectomy on in vitro ACTH secretion in response to AVP, CRF or the combination of AVP and CRF, and in all cases the combination of AVP and CRF generated greater (P<0.0001) ACTH secretion than AVP alone. AVP alone was more effective (P<0.01) than CRF alone as an ACTH secretagogue. The adrenal glands were larger (P<0.05) in female than male sheep, with no effect of gonadectomy. Basal cortisol production was greatest (P<0.05) in cultures of adrenal cells from intact male sheep, though ACTH- and 8BrcAMP-induced cortisol production was greater in the cultures of cells from females (P=0.05); there were no effects of gonadectomy. Cultures of adrenocortical cells from male sheep had greater (P<0.05) basal cAMP production, but ACTH-stimulated cAMP production did not differ between any of the groups of animals. These findings show a range of differences in the HPA axis of male and female sheep. Furthermore, they suggest that the heightened activity of the axis in the female occurs primarily due to differences at the level of the adrenal gland, and that greater adrenal responsiveness of female animals is due to differences in the latter stages of steroidogenesis, rather than an effect on ACTH signal transduction at its receptor.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gonadectomie"
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Biallet, Brigitte. "Actualite sur le syndrome de morris : interet de la gonadectomie par coelioscopie ; a propos de deux cas." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN11139.
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Carvalho, Joana Margarida Ferreira Gil de. "Esterilização em cães." Master's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4834.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaA agressividade é um comportamento multifactorial, considerado indesejável, independentemente do contexto e motivação que tenham levado à sua ocorrência. A ovariohisterectomia e orquiectomia são cirurgias de rotina com vários benefícios, mas também com algumas consequências negativas a curto e/ou a longo prazo. Este estudo teve como objectivos avaliar: a influência da gonadectomia sobre a agressividade canina, alguns factores de risco e contextos relacionados com agressividade, os comportamentos agressivos mais exibidos pelos cães e a atitude do proprietário face a esses comportamentos. Foram igualmente avaliadas as repercussões clínicas da gonadectomia, a curto-prazo, e os motivos mais frequentes que levam os proprietários a optar pela esterilização. Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo com recurso a questionários efectuados, com intervalo de 6 meses, aos proprietários de 51 animais saudáveis não esterilizados e 51 animais esterilizados. Neste estudo, verificou-se que a gonadectomia não influenciou a agressividade canina a curto-prazo. Os animais gonadectomizados apresentaram 3 vezes maior probabilidade de aumento de peso e de consumo de alimento comparativamente aos inteiros. Foi também observado uma maior incidência de comportamentos agressivos em animais mais velhos e que os comportamentos agressivos se tornam mais evidentes mais cedo nas cadelas.
ABSTRACT- Sterilization in dogs – Clinical and behavioral influence - Aggressive behavior is multifactorial and considered undesirable, regardless of the context and motivation which leading to its occurrence. Ovariohysterectomy and orchiectomy are routine surgeries due to their countless benefits. However, they also imply some short and/or long-term negative consequences. This study aims to evaluate the influence of gonadectomy on canine aggression, some risk factors and contexts related to aggression, type of aggressive behaviors exhibited by dogs and owner’s attitude address to these behaviors. The short-term clinical effects of gonadectomy and the most common reasons that lead owners to spay their dogs were also evaluated. In this study, we performed a prospective study using questionnaires conducted with an interval of 6 months, to the owners of 51 healthy nonsterilized animals and 51 sterilized animals. In this study short-term gonadectomy did not influence canine aggression. Neutered animals showed 3 times higher probability of weight gain and food consumption compared to non-sterilized dogs. It was also observed a higher incidence of aggressive behaviors in older animals and that aggressive behavior become apparent earlier in the bitch.
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Saraiva, Ana de Fátima Barradas. "New insights on the age for neutering dogs." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/25972.
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The current report was carried out for the completion of the Master’s degree in veterinary Medicine and is divided into two parts. The first part is formed by a description of the cases followed during the four-month traineeship completed at Priory Veterinary Surgeons. The most prevalent medical field was dermatology, with a relative frequency of 26% (n= 474), followed by gastroenterology representing 18% of total cases. The second part is composed of a review of the current literature on the proposed benefits and detriments of gonadectomy in dogs and whether performing it at a specific age causes or prevents specific health issues; RESUMO: O presente relatório foi realizado no âmbito do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária e está dividido em duas partes. A primeira parte é constituída por uma descrição da casuística observada durante o estágio curricular de quatro meses realizado no Priory Veterinary Surgeons. A área mais prevalente foi dermatologia, com uma frequência relativa de 27% (n=480), seguida da gastroenterologia, que representou 18% dos casos totais. Na segunda parte é realizada uma revisão da literatura atual sobre os benefícios e malefícios inerentes à gonadectomia em cães e se a sua realização em determinada idade específica causa ou impede problemas de saúde específicos
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SANTOS, Breno Menezes dos. "Avaliação eletrocardiográfica em felinos domésticos destinados a gonadectomia eletiva." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2018. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/7513.
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The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a sensitive and specific technique for the identification and classification of cardiac arrhythmias. In addition, the ECG may also suggest increased cardiac chambers, rhythm monitoring during surgeries and chemical restraint, diagnostic aid for structural heart disease, electrolyte disturbances, metabolic diseases, and pericardial effusion. Although it is a diagnostic technique already established in the veterinary routine, it is necessary studies that characterize some of its variables, in view of the scarcity of scientific material addressing this subject specifically in felines of company. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the electrocardiogram and to standardize the precordial leads in domestic cats for elective gonadectomy. Eighty healthy and adult animals with surgical indication for elective gonadectomy, from the clinical care routine performed at University Veterinary Hospital -UAG (UFRPE), were evaluated. The electrocardiogram was performed using the computerized method, with standardized equipment at sensitivity 1cm = 1mv and velocity of 50mm / s. The results obtained expressed as mean and standard deviation were HR: 194.20 ± 31.48 (bpm); P wave: 0.04 ± 0.00 (s) X 0.11 ± 0.03 (mV); PR interval: 0.07 ± 0.01 (s); QRS complex: 0.04 ± 0.00 (s) X 0.34 ± 0.21 (mV); QT interval: 0.16 ± 0.02 (s); T wave 0.14 ± 0.07 (mV); R wave (rV2): 0.17 ± 0.10 (mV); S wave (rV2): 0.12 ± 0.10 (mV); R wave (V2): 0.30 ± 0.21 (mV); S wave (V2): 0.10 ± 0.11 (mV); R wave (V4): 0.22 ± 0.21 (mV); S wave (V4): 0.03 ± 0.07 (mV); RC: sinus rhythm (92.5%), ST segment: isoelectric (92.5%), electric axis: 91.5% (within normal range); polarity of the T wave (rV2): positive (82.5%), polarity of the T wave (V2): positive (95%); polarity of the T wave (V4): positive (93.7%), polarity of the T wave (V10): negative (87.5%). It was verified that the electrocardiographic changes present in the preoperative examination of healthy cats present a significant frequency and that the majority of the evaluated animals present positive T-wave polarity in the pre-cordial leads rV2, V2 and V4, and negative in V10. It was also concluded that all animals evaluated had R-waves smaller than 0.5 mV in the rV2 lead, and S-waves smaller than 0.5 mV in leads rV2, V2 and V4, raising a probable hypothesis that said waves in these leads should be less than this value in domestic felines.
O eletrocardiograma (ECG) é uma técnica sensível e específica para a identificação e classificação das arritmias cardíacas. Além disso, o ECG também pode sugerir aumento de câmaras cardíacas, monitoramento do ritmo durante cirurgias e contenção química, auxílio diagnóstico para cardiopatias estruturais, distúrbios eletrolíticos, doenças metabólicas, além de efusão pericárdica. Apesar de ser uma técnica diagnóstica já estabelecida na rotina veterinária, torna-se necessário estudos que padronizem algumas de suas variáveis, em vista da escassez de material científico abordando esse tema especificamente em felinos de companhia. Dentro desse contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o eletrocardiograma e caracterizar as derivações precordiais em gatos domésticos destinados a gonadectomia eletiva. Foram avaliados 80 animais adultos e saudáveis com indicação cirúrgica para gonadectomia eletiva, provenientes da rotina de atendimento clínico realizado no Hospital Veterinário Universitário -UAG (UFRPE). O eletrocardiograma foi realizado por meio do método computadorizado, com equipamento padronizado na sensibilidade 1cm =1mv e velocidade de 50mm/s. Os resultados obtidos expressos em média e desvio padrão foram FC: 194,20 ± 31,48(bpm); onda P: 0,04 ± 0,00 (s) X 0,11 ± 0,03 (mV); intervalo PR: 0,07 ± 0,01 (s); complexo QRS: 0,04 ± 0,00 (s) X 0,34 ± 0,21 (mV); intervalo QT: 0,16 ± 0,02 (s); onda T 0,14 ± 0,07 (mV); onda R (rV2): 0,17 ± 0,10 (mV); onda S (rV2): 0,12 ± 0,10 (mV); onda R (V2): 0,30 ± 0,21 (mV); onda S (V2): 0,10 ± 0,11 (mV); onda R (V4): 0,22 ± 0,21(mV); onda S (V4): 0,03 ± 0,07 (mV); RC: ritmo sinusal (92,5%), segmento ST: isoelétrico (92,5%), eixo elétrico: 91,5% (dentro da normalidade); polaridade da onda T (rV2): positiva (82,5%), polaridade da onda T (V2): positiva (95%); polaridade da onda T (V4): positiva (93,7%), polaridade da onda T (V10): negativa (87,5%). Verificou-se que as alterações eletrocardiográficas presentes no exame pré operatório de felinos saudáveis apresentam frequência significativa e que a maioria dos animais avaliados apresentam polaridade da onda T positiva nas derivações pré cordiais rV2, V2 e V4, e negativa em V10. Conclui-se também que todos animais avaliados apresentaram ondas R menores que 0,5 mV na derivação rV2, e ondas S menores que 0,5 mV nas derivações rV2, V2 e V4, levantando uma hipótese provável, que as referidas ondas nestas derivações devem ser menores que este valor em felinos domésticos.
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Sousa, Fabiana Leopoldo de. "Efeito da gonadectomia pós-parto sobre os comportamentos maternal, agressivo maternal e de ansiedade/medo e sobre a prolactina de ratas lactantes." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/12208.
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No final da gestação e nos primeiros dias da lactação, as fêmeas passam por importantes mudanças hormonais e comportamentais que induzem e permitem a nutrição e cuidado da prole. O início da responsividade maternal aos filhotes depende da elevação das concentrações de progesterona (P4), estradiol (E2), e prolactina (PRL) durante a gestação, seguida pela queda da P4 no parto. Em ratos, o comportamento maternal pode ser observado com alta freqüência durante as duas primeiras semanas após o parto. Além de apresentarem comportamento maternal, ratas lactantes são altamente agressivas neste mesmo período e apresentam uma significativa redução da ansiedade. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o papel dos hormônios gonadais na modulação dos comportamentos maternal, agressivo maternal e de ansiedade/medo de ratas lactantes. Para isso, as mesmas foram ovariectomizadas (OVX) ou sham OVX (SHAM) no 1º dia pós-parto e foram realizados registros do comportamento maternal, agressivo maternal além dos testes de labirinto em cruz elevado e campo aberto.Além disso, foram verificadas as concentrações plasmáticas de P4 e PRL das ratas lactantes e o peso das ninhadas visando o controle nutricional dos filhotes. A gonadectomia reduziu a freqüência dos comportamentos maternal e agressivo maternal, mas eles continuaram presentes e os filhotes ganharam peso normalmente. A redução significativa dos hormônios gonadais provocou um moderado aumento da ansiedade de fêmeas lactantes, e aumentou a secreção de PRL. Estes resultados indicam que os hormônios gonadais não são essenciais para o aumento de atividades maternais dirigidas aos filhotes, aumento da agressividade materna contra intrusos que se aproximam da área do ninho e redução da ansiedade observados em fêmeas lactantes, ou que estes hormônios atuam antes do parto. A primeira hipótese é improvável, considerando os estudos bem documentados que mostram que os hormônios gonadais exercem um importante efeito sobre estes comportamentos. Assim, nós podemos concluir que os hormônios das gônadas provocam alterações sobre os comportamentos de ratas lactantes atuando durante a gestação e o no parto. Além disso, durante a lactação, os hormônios gonadais parecem exercer um efeito inibitório sobre a secreção de PRL.
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Teixeira, Caio Jordão. "Gonadectomia e DHEA: efeitos metabólicos em ratas adultas alimentadas com dieta hiperlipídica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-11122014-111724/.
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A privação dos hormônios sexuais em fêmeas contribui para o aparecimento de distúrbios metabólicos e endócrinos devido à ausência de estrógenos. Nesse estudo foi avaliado o efeito da castração e da suplementação com DHEA sobre aspectos metabólicos em ratas. A ovariectomia aumentou a adiposidade e o consumo de ração, diminuiu o consumo hídrico, além de promover resistência à insulina e intolerância à glicose, e o uso do DHEA reduziu a sensibilidade à insulina. Ainda, a castração levou a redução nos níveis plasmáticos de DHEA, estradiol, VLDL-c e triacilglicerol, albumina, uréia e creatinina, e o tratamento com DHEA restaurou parcialmente a concentração de estradiol no grupo OVX+DHEA. E por fim, a ooforectomia reduziu a expressão proteica do IRb, IRS1, PI3K e AKT no fígado, músculo gastrocnêmio ou coração, além diminuir o grau de fosforilação em tirosina da pp185 (IRS1/2). Deste modo, concluímos que a castração promoveu resistência à insulina e intolerância à glicose associada à obesidade, e neste modelo, o uso do DHEA piorou a sensibilidade à insulina nos animais.Deprivation of sex hormones in females contributes to the onset of metabolic and endocrine disorders due loss of estrogen. In this study the effect of castration and supplementation with DHEA on metabolic aspects in rats was evaluated. Ovariectomy increased adiposity and food consumption, decreased water consumption, besides promoting insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, and the use of DHEA reduced insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, castration led to decreasing of DHEA plasma levels, estradiol, VLDL-c and triacylglycerol, albumin, urea and creatinine, and DHEA treatment partially restored the concentration of estradiol in OVX+DHEA group. Finally, ovariectomy reduced the protein expression IRb, IRS1, PI3K and AKT in the liver, gastrocnemius muscle or heart. Indeed, decrease tyrosine phosphorylation status of pp185 (IRS1/2) was observed. Thus, we conclude that castration promoted insulin resistance and glucose intolerance associated with obesity, and in this model, the use of DHEA impairs insulin sensitivity in animals.
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Johnson, Ryan Taylor. "Effects of Gonadectomy and androgen Supplementation on Attention in Male Rats." W&M ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626501.
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Smith, Marissa L. "Gender specific regulation of the melanocortin system in intact and gonadectomized rats /." Available to subscribers only, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1605126391&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Tomm, Ryan Justin. "Effects of gonadectomy and inhibition of of androgen synthesis on behavioural flexibility in male rats." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62709.
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Androgens regulate sexual and aggressive behaviour in males. However, little attention has focused on the effects of androgens on executive function. Androgens are produced in the gonads but are also produced in the brain, which might be important when systemic androgen levels are low. Here, we examined the effects of gonadectomy (GDX) and/or an androgen synthesis inhibitor (abiraterone acetate, ABI) on different forms of behavioural flexibility in adult male Long-Evans rats. Rats received either GDX or Sham surgeries and then were housed for 5 weeks, to allow for upregulation of local androgen synthesis after GDX. Five days prior to the commencement of behavioural training, rats received daily treatments of either Vehicle or ABI (40 mg/kg, p.o.), an androgen synthesis inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Behavioural flexibility was assessed on an operant based strategy set-shifting task or a spatial reversal learning task. The strategy set-shifting task required rats to disengage from a previously correct (but now incorrect) visual-cue based discrimination strategy, and acquire and maintain a new egocentric spatial response strategy. During the set-shift to an egocentric response strategy, ABI treatment (but not GDX) caused an improvement in behavioural flexibility, by reducing the number of errors made before reaching criterion. In a separate group of rats trained on a reversal learning task, we found a similar effect, in that only ABI reduced perseverative-type errors during the reversal. During the set-shift and the response reversal, there were no effects of GDX, suggesting that GDX+Vehicle subjects maintain or upregulate neural androgen synthesis to maintain baseline flexibility. Using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, we measured testosterone (T) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the dorsomedial striatum (DMS). Neural T was only detectable in the Sham+Vehicle rats, suggesting that GDX+Vehicle rats may have neural T synthesis occurring in other brain regions important for behavioural flexibility. Taken together, these data suggest that neural T synthesis may serve to increase persistence of behaviour, which can in some instances suppress behavioural flexibility.Arts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate
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Coit, Victoria Ann. "Studies into the effects of gonadectomy on the canine urinary bladder with reference to acquired urinary incontinence in the bitch." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/855/.
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Acquired urinary incontinence in the canine is a distressing and debilitating condition affecting up to 20% of neutered bitches, whilst less than 1% of entire bitches and males suffer from this condition. Although a number of medical and surgical therapies exist for treatment of acquired urinary incontinence, none are able to cure the condition and many animals become refractory to treatment over time. It has long been thought that a decrease in resting tone within the urethra of a bitch following neutering is responsible for the development of acquired urinary incontinence; however, recent studies show that low urethral tone does not always lead to urinary incontinence, suggesting further factors must be involved. Although the exact aetiology and pathophysiology of the condition in the neutered bitch is unknown, it is thought to have many similarities to that of post menopausal urinary incontinence in women. In this condition, urinary incontinence is known to be mediated primarily by changes in the structure and function of the urinary bladder post menopause. The present study looks at the structure and function of the canine urinary bladder in vitro to determine if changes occur post neutering that could lead a bitch to develop acquired urinary incontinence and which may provide novel therapeutic targets for treatment of this disease. Contractility in response to carbachol (muscarinic) and electrical field stimulation was assessed in isolated strips of detrusor muscle from male and female, intact and gonadectomised canines. The potential role of non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic mediated contraction of the detrusor muscle was also examined and this system does not appear to be significantly altered by gonadectomy. Maximal contractile responses were, however, decreased in detrusor strips from neutered compared to entire canines regardless of gender, with detrusor strips from incontinent bitches having some of the weakest responses. Sensitivity to carbachol was also decreased in detrusor strips from neutered compared to entire canines. This suggests a decrease in contractile function of the urinary bladder in neutered canines and is similar to that seen in the bladders of women suffering from urinary incontinence post-menopause due to impaired contractility of the bladder and idiopathic detrusor instability. This suggests that changes in the function of the bladder post neutering may be partly responsible for the development of acquired urinary incontinence in the bitch. Post-menopausal urinary incontinence in women is hypothesised to be a linked to an increase in the collagen to smooth muscle ratio within the wall of the urinary bladder which is thought to impair bladder contractility and lead to the development of detrusor instability. Morphometric analysis of the urinary bladder wall of canines showed that the percentage of collagen within this organ was significantly increased in neutered compared to entire bitches, with incontinent bitches having some of the highest percentage collagen. The percentage of collagen was unchanged in neutered compared to entire males which were similar to entire bitches. These results support the long postulated theory that a decrease in oestrogen following gonadectomy / menopause is involved in the increase of collagen within the bladder. Results describing the pharmacological characterisation of muscarinic receptors (Schild analysis of pKB values) in strips of canine detrusor muscle suggest that the M3 receptor is the primary receptor responsible for bladder contraction in entire canines in vitro but that the M2 receptor predominates in neutered canines. This previously unreported finding could be significant in providing a novel therapeutic target to treat this debilitating disease. Studies that looked at mRNA expression for the muscarinic as well as the LH and GnRH receptors in canine bladder wall showed that there was an increase in expression of all receptors in tissue from neutered compared to entire canines and that tissue from females had higher expression levels than that from their male counterparts. It is known that gonadotrophin levels in the blood increase post neutering, and that decreasing these levels can provide continence in a number of animals. It is therefore possible, that an up-regulation of mRNA expression for these receptors is involved in the changes at the level of the detrusor that could lead to development of acquired urinary incontinence. It is also acknowledged that the muscarinic pathway is the primary pathway responsible for bladder contraction and emptying, therefore, a change in the expression of muscarinic receptors has the potential to alter bladder contractility as demonstrated previously. In conclusion these studies have shown that the structure and function of the urinary bladder of a neutered canine is altered compared to that of an entire canine, and that these changes have the potential to be involved in the development of acquired urinary incontinence in the bitch. Many of these changes mimic those seen in the bladders of post menopausal women suffering from urinary incontinence, thus suggesting that there may be commonality of disease process between the two species which may allow the use of the canine as a model of human urinary incontinence. This data, the first to include male animals in the study of bladder function and structure, suggest that the loss of oestrogen in the female and the concurrent increase in percentage collagen within the urinary bladder are not significant factors in the development of decreased detrusor contractility per se. On the contrary these results suggest that the muscarinic receptor effector pathway may play a crucial role in the development of altered bladder contractility and acquired urinary incontinence, and may provide a therapeutic target for effective treatment of this disease.
Book chapters on the topic "Gonadectomie"
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Shettko, Donna L., and Dean A. Hendrickson. "Intersex Gonadectomy." In Advances in Equine Laparoscopy. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118704875.ch16.
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Thind, S. K., V. Sharma, S. Farooqui, and R. Nath. "Intestinal Absorption of Oxalate in Gonadectomized Rats." In Urolithiasis and Related Clinical Research. Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7272-1_29.
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Ceccarelli, I., A. Scaramuzzino, and A. M. Aloisi. "Naloxone, but not Estradiol, Affects the Gonadectomy-Induced Increase in Hippocampal Cholineacetyltransferase Activity in Male Rats." In Neuroscience: Focus on Acute and Chronic Pain. Springer Milan, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2258-4_6.
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Valenca, M. M., M. Ching, C. Masotto, and A. Negro-Vilar. "How does the Gonad Affect LHRH Secretion? Effects of Gonadectomy on LHRH Release from Median Eminence Nerve Terminals Incubated In Vitro and on LHRH Concentration in Hypophyseal Portal Blood." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5395-9_31.
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MCLEAN, EWEN. "Microsurgery: gonadectomy." In Analytical Techniques. Elsevier, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-82033-4.50012-x.
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"Prepuberal Gonadectomy." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_303999.
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OLSON, P. "Prepuberal Gonadectomy (Early-Age Neutering) of Dogs and Cats." In Small Animal Theriogenology. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7506-7408-9.50012-8.
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Santollo, Jessica, Shaller D. Brian, Shu Jun, Anne M. Etgen, and Genevieve Neal-Perry. "Gonadectomy Attenuates Starvation-Induced Autophagy in Female but Not Male Rat Liver." In The Endocrine Society's 93rd Annual Meeting & Expo, June 4–7, 2011 - Boston. The Endocrine Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo-meetings.2011.part1.p1.p1-6.
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Patel, Payal R., John Pappas, Bonita H. Franklin, Nicoleta Arva, and Preneet C. Brar. "Early Presentation of Bilateral Gonadoblastoma in Denys-Drash Syndrome: A Cautionary Tale for Prophylactic Gonadectomy." In CLINICAL - Endocrine Tumor Case Reports. The Endocrine Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo-meetings.2011.part3.p19.p3-64.
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ELSKUS, ADRIA A., and NEENA B. SCHWARTZ. "Pituitary and Hypothalamic Regulation of Sex Differences in Serum-Luteinizing Hormone Levels in Gonadectomized Rats: In Vitro Perifusion Studies." In Proceedings of the 1993 Laurentian Hormone Conference. Elsevier, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-571150-0.50027-5.
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