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Academic literature on the topic 'Gouldian finch – Australia'
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Journal articles on the topic "Gouldian finch – Australia"
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Tidemann, Sonia C., James Boyden, Robert Elvish, Jennifer Elvish, and Brian O'Gorman. "Comparison of the breeding sites and habitat of two hole-nesting estrildid finches, one endangered, in northern Australia." Journal of Tropical Ecology 8, no. 4 (November 1992): 373–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400006702.
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ABSTRACTThe endangered Gouldian Finch Erythrura gouldiae is the only Australian finch to nest exclusively in tree hollows or, more rarely, in termite mounds. It is sympatric with the abundant Long-tailed Finch Poephila aculicauda which nests frequently in tree hollows. The aim of this study was to define the characteristics of nest sites and breeding areas of Gouldian and Long-tailed Finches to determine whether nest hollows were in short supply, and where finches fed relative to their nest sites. The Gouldian Finch chose hollows with smaller, more northerly entrances than Long-tailed, or randomly chosen hollows, nested deeper down the hollow and on steeper hill-slopes. Both species preferred single to multi-trunked trees of larger diameter than trees with randomly chosen hollows. Discriminant analysis classified 22–25% of the randomly chosen hollows and 28–38% of Long-tailed nesting hollows as Gouldian hollows. Gouldian Finches were more specific in their choice of nest sites than Long-tailed Finches. The vegetation at the two sites differed floristically, but within each site there was no floristic distinction between feeding or breeding sites or sites chosen at random. Gouldian Finches chose feeding habitat where trees were more spaced, on less rocky, barer ground than around breeding sites.On the basis of the criteria measured, there was no shortage of suitable hollows available to the Gouldian Finch for nesting. The overlap between feeding and breeding sites indicates the importance of managing breeding habitat for conservation.
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Weier, Anna, Ian J. Radford, Sofia L. J. Oliveira, and Michael J. Lawes. "Recently but infrequently burnt breeding sites are favoured by threatened Gouldian finches (Erythrura gouldiae)." International Journal of Wildland Fire 25, no. 12 (2016): 1281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf16105.
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Frequent and extensive fires are becoming increasingly common throughout the tropical savannas of northern Australia. This fire regime has been implicated in both habitat alteration and losses of biodiversity. Granivorous birds are particularly affected because of the effect of fire on grass seed availability. The endemic Gouldian finch (Erythrura gouldiae) has experienced population declines in recent decades, potentially in response to changed fire regimes. Using breeding data from monitored artificial nest-boxes, this study examined the choice of breeding site by Gouldian finches in response to several attributes of the prevailing fire regime. The fire regime was characterised using remote sensing analysis of annual fire scars. Time since last fire and fire frequency were the most useful predictors of breeding site occupancy. Gouldian finches favoured recently burnt sites (previous dry season), but also sites that were infrequently burnt (return time of 2–3 years). Consequently, under the current regime of many frequent fires, Gouldian finches move among breeding sites and display low seasonal site fidelity. Our findings provide support for the notion that the Gouldian finch favours a fine-grain patch-mosaic fire regime and that contemporary large-scale fire regimes are likely contributing to their decline.
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Woinarski, J. C. Z., R. J. Williams, O. Price, and B. Rankmore. "Landscapes without boundaries: wildlife and their environments in northern Australia." Wildlife Research 32, no. 5 (2005): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr03008.
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This paper provides an introduction to the ecological fabric of northern Australia, described here as being a land characterised by extreme climatic seasonality and largely devoid of marked topographic features. Largely as a result of the latter trait, many species have extensive geographic ranges, and the spatial turnover in species composition is extremely limited. Somewhat counter-intuitively, these two traits can be accommodated by organisms only through reliance on critical, but often subtle, landscape variation. We present some preliminary models for Gouldian finch (Erythrura gouldiae) and black-footed tree-rat (Mesembriomys gouldii) to illustrate patterns of variation in their resource availability, and the consequences of such variation. We discuss briefly some studies that have attempted to integrate, or at least consider, these elements.
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Tidemann, Sonia C. "Causes of the decline of the Gouldian Finch Erythrura gouldiae." Bird Conservation International 6, no. 1 (March 1996): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900001301.
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SummaryPopulations of Gouldian Finch Erythrura gouldiae, an estrildid endemic to northern Australia, declined markedly during the last two or three decades. A survey revealed the species in two areas of Northern Territory, with an estimated 2,000 individuals, including juveniles. Recaptures were low either because of mortality or dispersal. Gouldian Finches eat predominantly Sorghum spp. seeds, but consume other seeds before Sorghum ripens. Other finches declined as cattle increased. Gouldian Finches breed in tree hollows of predominantly two species of eucalypts that grow on rocky slopes. They require water within about 4 km of the nest site. There was no shortage of nesting hollows at the known breeding sites. Fires in the early to mid-dry season allow birds access to seed without damaging trees, but later fires can destroy trees with nest hollows and remove shade. Average clutch-size is 5.2. About 72% of eggs laid, and 63% of nests, fledged young. Pairs lay up to three clutches in a season (February-August), the length of which may depend on rainfall during the preceding wet season. Air-sac mite (Sternostoma tracheacolum), found in 62% of Gouldian Finches sampled, may be preventing the species recovering to former numbers. New colonies of Gouldian Finches should be identified, populations monitored, and habitat managed by effecting patchy burns by low-intensity fires early in the dry season.
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Tidemann, S. C., C. Lawson, R. Elvish, J. Boyden, and J. Elvish. "Breeding Biology of the Gouldian Finch Erythrura gouldiae, an Endangered Finch of Northern Australia." Emu - Austral Ornithology 99, no. 3 (September 1999): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu99022.
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Weier, Anna, Ian J. Radford, Alan Manson, Lesley J. Durrans, and Michael J. Lawes. "Frequent fires reduce the nutritional quality of Sorghum stipoideum seed, a keystone food resource for the Gouldian finch (Erythrura gouldiae)." Rangeland Journal 39, no. 2 (2017): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj16124.
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Fire is a pervasive feature of the tropical savannas of northern Australia. Increasingly extensive and intensive fires have had an adverse effect on grass layer diversity. Reduced grass species diversity and abundance are important correlates of the decline of granivores in these tropical savannas. The Gouldian finch (Erythrura gouldiae), an endangered species that is endemic to northern Australia, is particularly vulnerable to changes to the grass layer as its diet comprises only grass seed, and it relies mostly on Sorghum stipoideum during the breeding season. Although this annual grass species is abundant at breeding sites, the finches do not always choose to breed at these sites, raising the possibility that seed quality may vary from year to year. This study examines the effect of fire (time since last fire; fire frequency) on soil fertility and seed nutritional quality. We hypothesise that recently burnt sites produce a flush of soil nutrients and Sorghum stipoideum seed at these sites is of higher nutritional quality. Furthermore, we posit that frequently burnt sites become depleted of soil nutrients and their seeds are of lower nutritional quality. There was a significant increase in inorganic nitrogen in soils following a fire, but no notable change in other soil nutrients. Contingent on this increase in soil inorganic nitrogen, seed nutrient levels, particularly essential proteins, were greater at sites that were recently, but infrequently burnt. Fires appear to affect soil nitrogen and in turn seed nutrition, providing a plausible explanation for why Gouldian finches choose recently, but infrequently burnt breeding sites.
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Woinarski, JCZ, and SC Tidemann. "The Bird Fauna of a Deciduous Woodland in the Wet-Dry Tropics of Northern Australia." Wildlife Research 18, no. 4 (1991): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9910479.
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Censuses of birds were made monthly from October 1986 to October 1987 in a deciduous woodland in the Australian Northern Territory. Additional limited counts of granivorous birds were made in March and April 1988. The woodland was selected for the study because it contains a population of the endangered Gouldian finch (Erythrua gouldiae). The species composition of birds was temporally unstable; this was associated with the marked wet-dry seasonality. For some foraging groups (e.g. nectarivores, foliage-gleaners), diversity was correlated with resource availability. Although the species composition of birds of this site is not very similar to that of any other surveyed area, it falls within the range encompassed by that of woodlands across tropical Australia, and is distinct from that of open and closed forests in the same region. Tropical savanna woodlands and open forests differ in composition of their foraging groups compared with their temperate counterparts. The species richness of granivores, hawking insectivores, nectarivores and terrestrial omnivores at this site is unusually high. The changing composition of bird species in this tropical woodland site suggests that many birds in this environment undergo substantial regional movements. The conservation of such species demands large and heterogeneous reserves, a strategically located reserve system and/or sympathetic management of land outside reserves.
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Woinarski, J. C. Z., and Sonia Tidemann. "Survivorship and Some Population Parameters for the Endangered Gouldian Finch Erythrura gouldiae and Two Other Finch Species at Two Sites in Tropical Northern Australia." Emu - Austral Ornithology 92, no. 1 (March 1992): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu9920033.
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Bell, PJ. "Survey of the Nasal Mite Fauna (Rhinonyssidae and Kytoditidae) of the Gouldian Finch, Erythrura Gouldiae, and Some Co-Occurring Birds in the Northern Territory." Wildlife Research 23, no. 6 (1996): 675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9960675.
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The rhinonyssid and kytoditid mite fauna in the endangered finch E. gouldiae and 6 co-occurring species (long-tailed finches (Poephila acuticauda), masked finches (P. personata), pictorella manikins (Heteromunia pectoralis), zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata), double-barred finches (T. bichenovii) and budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)) in Northern Territory, Australia, were surveyed over a 3-year period to assess prevalence and intensity of infection and to determine the stability in these parameters over space and time. These data were used to examine the likelihood that prevalence and intensity of infection by the rhinonyssid mite Sternostoma tracheacolum in E. gouldiae are in any way aberrant. 12 new host records for rhinonyssid and kytoditid mites are reported from 2 localities in the Northern Territory. Kytonyssus andrei is a new genus record and S. paddae and Kytodites amandavae are new species records for Australia. S. tracheacolum was found to infect E. gouldiae, P. personata, M. undulatus and H. pectoralis. The other nasal mites found were Sternostoma sp., Ptilonyssus astrildae, P. neochmiae and P. emberizae. Prevalence and intensity of infection with S. tracheacolum were significantly higher in E. gouldiae than in Poephila personata and M. undulatus, but were not significantly higher than those found in H. pectoralis. The frequency distribution of infrapopulation sizes of S. tracheacolum in pooled E. gouldiae samples was significantly different from that found in pooled M. undulatus and P. personata samples but not from pooled H. pectoralis samples. Prevalence and intensity of infection by rhinonyssid mites in E. gouldiae were significantly higher than infection in all other host species examined, except H. pectoralis. Significant increases in the intensity of infection in H. pectoralis were detected between 1992-94, suggesting that this species may also be under threat from parasitism by S. tracheacolum.
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Chades, Iadine, Josie Carwardine, Tara Martin, Samuel Nicol, Regis Sabbadin, and Olivier Buffet. "MOMDPs: A Solution for Modelling Adaptive Management Problems." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 26, no. 1 (September 20, 2021): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v26i1.8171.
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In conservation biology and natural resource management, adaptive management is an iterative process of improving management by reducing uncertainty via monitoring. Adaptive management is the principal tool for conserving endangered species under global change, yet adaptive management problems suffer from a poor suite of solution methods. The common approach used to solve an adaptive management problem is to assume the system state is known and the system dynamics can be one of a set of pre-defined models. The solution method used is unsatisfactory, employing value iteration on a discretized belief MDP which restricts the study to very small problems. We show how to overcome this limitation by modelling an adaptive management problem as a restricted Mixed Observability MDP called hidden model MDP (hmMDP). We demonstrate how to simplify the value function, the backup operator and the belief update computation. We show that, although a simplified case of POMDPs, hm-MDPs are PSPACE-complete in the finite-horizon case. We illustrate the use of this model to manage a population of the threatened Gouldian finch, a bird species endemic to Northern Australia. Our simple modelling approach is an important step towards efficient algorithms for solving adaptive management problems.
Books on the topic "Gouldian finch – Australia"
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Forshaw, Joseph M., Mark Shephard OAM, and Anthony Pridham. Grassfinches in Australia. CSIRO Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643107878.
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It is not surprising that Australian grassfinches are highly popular with ornithologists and aviculturists, for included among the species are one of the most beautiful of all birds – the Gouldian Finch Erythrura gouldiae – and one of the most familiar cagebirds – the Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata.
Despite a scarcity in published works on finches, interest in the species is growing, leading to a dramatic advancement in our knowledge of many species. For example, we have gained new information from field observations carried out on little-known species, including the Blue-faced Parrot-Finch Erythrura trichroa and the Red-eared Firetail Stagonopleura oculata. Significant advances in taxonomic research, largely as a consequence of the development and refinement of biochemical analyses, often involving DNA-DNA hybridisation, have given us a new insight into relationships among species, with some unexpected alliances being determined. Additionally, dramatic changes have taken place in avicultural practices, and in virtually all countries aviculture has taken on a new professional approach, with the most notable results being increased productivity and success with a wider variety of species.
After a lapse of almost half a century since publication of Klaus Immelmann’s eminent work on finches, based on extensive field studies, the time has come for a new examination of Australian grassfinches. In Grassfinches in Australia, Joseph Forshaw, Mark Shephard and Anthony Pridham have summarised our present knowledge of each species, and have given readers a visual appreciation of the birds in their natural habitats and in aviculture. The resulting combination of superb artwork and scientifically accurate text ensures that this volume will become the standard reference work on Australian grassfinches. In addition to enabling aviculturists to know more about these finches in the wild as a guide to their own husbandry techniques, detailed information on current management practices for all species in captivity is provided. The book also includes colour plates depicting some of the more common mutations held in Australian and overseas collections.
2013 Whitley Award Commendation for Illustrated Zoology.