Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gouttes'
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Aussillous, Pascale. "Les gouttes enrobées." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003630.
Full textKalaaji, Ahmad. "Etude expérimentale de formation contrôlée de gouttes et de micro gouttes." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE10113.
Full textPlanchette, Carole. "Collisions de gouttes asymétriques." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647892.
Full textAlary, Thomas. "Étude de l'impact de gouttes surfondues sur une paroi." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse, ISAE, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ESAE0008.
Full textFlight safety is a prerequisite in aeronautics and icing is one of the main sources of incidents. The accretion of ice created by the collision of supercooled water drops in clouds can deteriorate the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft, obstruct sensors or damage engines. It is therefore essential to understand the phenomenon of water droplet impact in icing conditions to be able to predict the amount of ice that can form and to ensure sufficient sizing of ice protection systems. This phenomenon has been extensively studied in the literature but only for low drop impact speeds. ONERA's new icing wind tunnel has allowed access to drop impact regimes more in line with the reality encountered by aircraft. This thesis focuses on the impact of a water drop on a wall for Weber and Reynolds numbers that vary respectively from 15,000 to 170,000 and from 11,000 to 45,000. The study of the impact of the water drops was carried out thanks to a detection and visualization system of those then with a Phase Doppler Analyser to characterize the secondary drops created during the impact. The impact on a dry and horizontal surface was studied but other parameters such as the impact angle, the surface condition, the gas pressure, the temperature were studied to quantify their influence on the splashing. It was shown that for the investigated Reynolds and Weber number ranges, the splashing result depends on the surface properties but also on the air properties. Low air pressure or the presence of ice on the wall promotes the formation of a fluid corona that splashes off after impact. The measurement campaign with the PDA has shown that the secondary drops generated during a corona splash are larger than for a prompt splash. The impact model of Riboux and Gordillo, which attributes the splashing to an aerodynamic force exerted on the fluid that spreads during the impact, allows to describe the splashing well. A second series focusing on the ice forms obtained during the impact of SLD allowed to validate the new constants of the deposition rate model of Trontin and Villedieu determined thanks to new data from the literature
Lhuissier, Henri. "Nappes, trous, ligaments et gouttes." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00600229.
Full textTAISNE, LAURENT. "Echanges d'huile entre gouttes d'emulsion." Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066177.
Full textLoehr, Karsten. "Etalement et eclatement de gouttes." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066596.
Full textLeman, Marie. "Microfluidique en gouttes à l'échelle femtolitrique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066387/document.
Full textDroplet-based microfluidics has demonstrated its multiple advantage over standard microtiter plates technologies by increasing analysis throughputs, decreasing costs and enabling the encapsulation of single cells into individual reservoirs. In the state-of-the-art, droplet volumes usually range from 2 pL to 4nL, one thousand to one million times smaller than microtiter plate wells. This PhD work focuses on the miniaturization of biological reservoirs down to the femtoliter scale which would enable an increase of throughputs of analysis and open up access to new studies, such as single-molecule studies or drug delivery. The first part of this manuscript concentrates on the miniaturization of elementary operations of droplet-based microfluidics down to the femtoliter scale. Production, mixing, electrocoalescence, DEP sorting, splitting, drop-on-demand, stability, biocompatibility were successfully demonstrated on droplets of a few micrometers diameter. The second part of this manuscript focuses on some biological applications that were developed with the LBC. A platform for the in situ encoding of droplets with DNA barcodes readable per sequencing was developped. Two other applications were envisioned: a project studying the conditions that prevailed the apparition of chromosomes in an early RNA world and a genotype-phenotype mapping project benefited from downscaling to the femtoliter scale
Malk, Rachid. "Ecoulements en gouttes activées par électromouillage." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00579641.
Full textBodoc, Virginel. "Modélisation de l'évaporation de gouttes multicomposants." Toulouse, ISAE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ESAE0022.
Full textThe objective of this thesis was to study the vaporization of a multicomponent spray with both experimental and numerical approaches. To achieve this objective, the effort was guided in two directions. Firstly, an experimental database has been created using different optical measurement techniques. A special attention was focused onto the application of Global Rainbow Refractometry (GRR), used for the measurement of droplets temperature. Secondly, numerical simulations were performed for mono and bi-component sprays in evaporation. In the first part of this study, experimental and numerical tests were carried out on a polydisperse nonconfined and cooling spray. This configuration was adopted because it allows the study of the vaporization with a reduced influence from the gaseous phase. For a bi-component liquid, the effect of the composition variation on the GRR measurements was analysed within a coupling between the experimental technique and the numerical simulation. In the second part, experimental investigations and numerical simulation were performed for a more complex configuration that consists in a spray evolving in a heated and confined medium. The gaseous phase was computed with a LES approach while the dispersed phase, always mono-component, was solved with a Lagrangian tracking approach. The unsteady nature of the flow was demonstrated and the interest of the GRR technique for the droplets temperature measurement was proved
Thiévenaz, Virgile. "Impact et solidification de gouttes d'eau." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03358455.
Full textWhenever a water drop impacts a cold surface – whose surface temperature is lower than 0°C – it freezes as it spreads. The solidification slows the drop's spreading down, eases its fragmentation into droplets, leads to the liquid's retraction and gives the frozen drop a certain shape. The nature of the cold surface is crucial in the freezing process. Starting from the Stefan problem, we developed a model for the solidification dynamics, which takes into account the thermal diffusion within the substrate. This model yields a better appreciation of the influence of the substrate's thermal properties – its temperature and thermal effusivity – over the liquid's rate of freezing. It enables us to quantitatively predict the dynamics of solidification, and therefore to study the freezing of a drop during its impact. As regards the drop's spreading, we demonstrated that the effect of freezing could be assimilated to that of viscosity, as it slows the flow down. We showed that the fragmentation of a drop at low temperature was due to an increase in the density of air. Once spread, the drop is trapped by the ice, which hinders its retraction. We established a link between the shape of the spread drop and the duration of its trapping. Finally, we showed that the competition between the retraction of liquid water on ice and its freezing led to the different patterns observed
Piroird, Keyvan. "Dynamiques spéciales de gouttes non-mouillantes." Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2011. https://pastel.hal.science/docs/00/64/43/33/PDF/keyvan-piroird_final.pdf.
Full textThis work, based on various experiments, tackles the dynamics of non-wetting drops in situations where gravity does not play a role, but other " special " forces are involved. In the first part, we look at drops of liquid oxygen, which undergo Leidenfrost effect on a substrate at room temperature. These drops are also susceptible to the presence of a magnetic field. We study the force exerted by a magnet on those ultra-mobile drops and we show that they can be deflected, slowed down, deformed, captured and even accelerated by the presence of a magnetic field. In the second part, we study a reverse situation, where the goal is to propel a non-wetting oil drop that is initially at rest. The drop is in a capillary tube and we show that a gradient in surfactant concentration leads to a spontaneous movement and allows the drop to escape from the tube. This experiment can be considered as a model situation of detergency. Non-trivial dynamics has been identified in this system : the movement is either continuous or intermittent, depending on the experimental parameter
Piroird, Keyvan. "Dynamiques spéciales de gouttes non-mouillantes." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00644333.
Full textAlis, Romain. "Simulation numérique directe de gouttes et de groupes de gouttes qui s'évaporent dans un écoulement laminaire ou turbulent." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESAE0029/document.
Full textThe vaporisation of injected fuel in a combustion chamber is a crucial phenomenon inan aeronautical motor because it determines the vapour quantity which will be burned to bringenergy to the motor. Still, this phenomenon is not well understood due to the difficulties tomeasure on experiments vaporisation rates of injected sprays. Moreover, hypothesis of theoriticalmodels are not representatives of conditions encountered in combustion furnaces.The thesis take place in an effort to analyse the evaporation of droplet groups in a turbulentflow by mean of Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS). Indeed, during droplet group evaporation,collective effects can modify single droplet rates of vaporisation and the group global rate ofvaporisation. The DNS approach should allows to quantify precisely this effect and leads to animprovement of actual models of evaporation.Firstly, algorithms are developped and used in a 1D spherical configuration to describe theevaporation of a single static droplet without gravity. Secondly, the vaporistion of a droplet in alaminar flow has been studied. The analysis focus on heat exchanges between the droplet and theexternal environment as well as the force exerced on the droplet by the laminar flow. In this part,it has been highlighted that the evaporation induced a decrease in thermal exchanges and drag.In some cases of strong evaporation, the drag of the droplet has been observed to be negative.It means that the evaporation can cause a propulsion phenomenon of the droplet. A theoriticalanalysis allows to link this behaviour to an asymetry of the vaporisation rate. Thirdly, a studyof the turbulence influence on the evaporation of a droplet has been carried out. A generator ofturbulent fluctuations has been implemented and parallel approaches have been introduced toreduced computational time. It allowes to analyse thermal exchanges and drag behaviour of adroplet interacting with a turbulent flow. The analysis showed that theses two variables increasewith turbulence. Lastly, the evaporation of groups of droplets has been studied. For three differentgroups of droplets, trajectories of droplets have been analysed with heat exchanges when they areput in a laminar or a turbulent flow with or without phase change. In presence of evaporation,the analysis pointed out that trajectories were different from cases whitout evaporation and sothat phase change modifies collective effects. Moreover, these collective effects have also beenobserved on thermal exchanges
Njifenju, Ady Kevin. "Gouttes et films liquides en aérodynamique automobile." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00539839.
Full textChabert, Max. "MICROFLUIDIQUE DE GOUTTES POUR LES ANALYSES BIOLOGIQUES." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00180994.
Full textDans une première partie, nous décrivons la conception d'un système permettant d'effectuer en flux et sans contamination la réaction de PCR dans des microgouttes transportées par une huile immiscible. Cette étude a débouché sur une plateforme automatisée au débit théorique de 3000 échantillons par jour, égalant les systèmes actuels avec une consommation 50 fois moindre en réactifs.
Dans les parties suivantes, nous présentons deux nouvelles idées pour la manipulation d'objets en microfluidique digitale : l'utilisation de phénomènes hydrodynamiques pour encapsuler des cellules uniques dans des microgouttes et les trier, et l'application de champs électriques pour induire mélange et coalescence de gouttes aqueuses. La combinaison de ces deux méthodes au sein d'une même puce est le premier pas vers un système intégré d'analyse de cellules uniques.
Rojas, René. "Sur des Gouttes, Cristaux Liquides et Front." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00129102.
Full textLa seconde partie est consacrée à l'étude d'une goutte déposée adiabatiquement sur un solvant plus dense. La goutte tombe dans le solvant jusqu'à une hauteur minimale, ensuite la fragmentation a lieu et les gouttelettes secondaires remontent à la surface. On a developpé un modèle théorique qui inclut l'essentiel du phénomène et prédit les échelles correctes du temps de montée et de la hauteur minimale.
La troisième partie concerne l'étude linéaire du modèle de la valve à cristaux liquides avec rétro-action optique. Elle permet de comprendre un nouveau type de structures localisées qui apparaissent comme des pics isolés sur une structure spatiale de plus faible amplitude.
HIMBERT-BIANCE, Anne-Laure. "Gouttes inertielles : de la caléfaction à l'étalement." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009730.
Full textDoué, Nicolas. "Modélisation de l'évaporation de gouttes multi-composants." Toulouse, ENSAE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ESAE0018.
Full textRojas, René. "Sur des gouttes, cristaux liquides et fronts." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE4109.
Full textThis thesis is divided into three parts. In the first part, the velocity of a front between an homogeneous state and a periodic state is studied with addition of the nonresonant terms to the normal form. We obtain that this velocity is zero on a finite interval around the Maxwell's point. The second part is devoted to the study of a drop adiabatically deposited on a more dense solvent. The drop falls down to a minimum height inside the solvent, then fragmentation takes place and secondary droplets rise up to the surface. We have developed a theoretical model that captures the essential features of the phenomenon and predicts the correct scalings for the rise-up time and the minimum height. The third part deals with the linear study of the model of the liquid-crystal-light-valve with optical feedback. It allows one to understand a new type of localized structures, which appears as localized peaks over a pattern of smaller amplitude
Loghmari, Fahmi. "Solidification de gouttes impactant un substrat solide." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066280.
Full textThe subject of this dissertation is the impingement and simultaneous heat transfer ans soldification of droplet on a flat substrate. The process of the impact and solidification of a droplet on a solid substrate is governed by the dynamics's impact, heat transfer between splat and substrate and the phase change involved in the solidification of a molten droplet. The main novel feature of this PhD thesis is that each physical process was studied individually. The aim of the study is to examine the influence of various parameters specific to the droplet and the substrate on the final splat's morphology. A critical issue of numerical models based on equilibrium solidification during the phase change material affects the accuracy of results. Indeed, the impact velocity of molten metal droplets in plasma sprayed coatings can vary from 1 m/s up to 100 m/s. In these cases, the cooling rate is so high (about 108 K/s) that stands for rapid solidification, which can lead to new metastable crystalline phases and amorphous solid phases. A significant result of this thesis is the numerical study of a rapid solidification of an Indium droplet during its spreading on a flat substrat. The cooling is based on a model's heat transfer taking into account the phenomenon of phase change with non-equilibrium solidification model determined through DSC experiments results
Adad, René. "Contribution a l'etude statique des gouttes pendantes." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX30038.
Full textHeringer, Ferreira Romulo Adolfo. "Modélisation de la solidification de gouttes atomisées." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPL093N.
Full textIt's well known that, from the structural point of view, the parts formed by powder metallurgy processes are quite homogeneous on a macroscopic scale (of the product). Does it go in the same way on the scale of the particles which compose these parts? In this work we present results of local measurements of the species composition made on atomized Al-Cu droplets. This analysis shows a non-uniform distribution of alloy compounds in the observed sections of the droplets. A numerical model was proposed for the solidification of a spherical droplet subject to convection. The solidification starts with an imposed undercooling at the center of the droplet and progresses spherically towards its external surface. Volume average of the energy and solute balances was taken for each phase. The numerical solution of these equations allowed to evaluate the distributions of the enthalpy, temperature, phase fractions, and solute composition in the droplet. Results are presented for a droplet of Al 10%mass Cu, and nucleation undercooling of 0, 30 and 60 °C. The model predicts the solute segregation in the droplet. It predicts also a systematic remelting of the supersaturated solid structures, which can be related with fragmentation and possible grain refining
Njifenju, Kevin. "Gouttes et films liquides en aérodynamique automobile." Paris 6, 2010. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00539839.
Full textHimbert-Biance, Anne-Laure. "Gouttes inertielles : de la caléfaction à l'étalement." Paris 6, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009730.
Full textParé, Gounséti Nimonoka. "Création et éjection des gouttes de l'atomisation." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066318/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the hydrodynamic instabilities which occur in a liquid ligament in presence of axial flow. We investigate the formation of drops during the atomization process. Previous studies highlighted a common step to all types of atomization processes: the initial formation of the ligament which later evolves into droplets. The ligaments fragmentation process is governed by two possible instabilities: the “Rayleigh-Plateau” instability which is characteristic of an infinite ligament and the “end-pinching” phenomenon, which occurs in semi-infinite ligaments. In both cases, capillarity is the driving mechanism underlying the ligament segmentation. In this thesis we show that, under certain conditions, the liquid ligament can surprisingly escape from pinch-off through creation of a vortex ring (“escape phenomenon”). A detailed analysis of the constriction zone (neck of the ligament) during the “escape phenomenon” suggested that nonlinear effects associated to fluid viscosity might play an important role in the escape process. Both our experimental observations and numerical results confirmed the occurrence of the detachment of the viscous layer into a jet downstream of the neck through creation of a vortex ring, when fluid viscosity exceeds a threshold. Accordingly, the fluid in the constriction zone undergoes an axial acceleration associated to a decrease in the pressure: this is the so-called “Venturi effect”. This type of flow is characteristic of the instability which emerges at the capillary bridge between two tubes subjected to axial flow. Part of the results obtained were the subject of a publication or article submission
Ben, M'Barek Kalthoum. "Adhésion et phagocytose de gouttes d'émulsions fonctionnalisées." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066034/document.
Full textPhagocytosis by macrophages represents a fundamental process essential for both immunity and tissue homeostasis. The size of targets to be eliminated ranges from small particles as bacteria to large objects as cancerous or senescent cells. Most of our current quantitative knowledge on phagocytosis is based on the use of solid polymer microparticles as model targets that are well adapted to the study of phagocytosis mechanisms that do not involve any lateral mobility of the ligands, despite the relevance of this parameter in the immunological context. The aim of this study is to synthesize a biomimetic material that constitutes a new model system for the study of phagocytosis. We designed monodisperse, lateraly mobile IgG-coated emulsion droplets, with different controlled densities of IgGs, that are efficiently and specifically internalized by macrophages through in-vitro FcγR-mediated phagocytosis. The excellent control of the opsonization density allowed us to measure the minimal IgGs density required to induce an efficient internalization. We also attempted to deepen the understanding of certain mechanical aspects. We show that, contrary to solid polymeric beads, droplet uptake is high even for low IgG densities and is accompagnied by the clustering of the opsonins in the zone of contact with the macrophage during the adhesion step. Beyond the sole interest in the design of the material, our results suggest that lateral mobility of proteins at the interface of a target greatly enhances the phagocytic uptake. Thus, emulsion droplets constitute a new interesting target to investigate different biological issues and understand molecular and/or mechanical mechansims
De, Soete Franz. "Ecoulement de gouttes couvertes dans une contraction." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPSLS082.
Full textThe flow of oil drops in water through a constricted channel is of interest for many applications such as oil extraction or microfluidics. In the literature, the condition of pore clogging under a pressure gradient has been extensively studied for drops and bubbles. The relation between flowrate and pressure involves the difference in Laplace pressures at the front and back of the drop, and thus the interfacial tensions at the front and the back. The presence of species adsorbed on the surface lowering the interfacial tension, such as surfactants or colloidal particles, therefore modifies not only the clogging threshold but also the value of the flowrate above this threshold. The objective of this thesis is to study the flow, under an imposed pressure gradient, of drops whose surface is initially saturated with surfactants (above the CMC) or with particles, through cylindrical constricted capillaries. We show how measurements of flowrate by image analysis can provide measurements of the interfacial tensions. In the case of surfactant-laden drops, we measure an increase in the interfacial tension at the front which results from a competition between the surface expansion effects and the transport by a Marangoni effect. In the case of particle-laden drops, we show that both the velocity of the drop and the radius of the particles adsorbed on its surface control the flow regime. At low velocities, the wetting of oil on the capillary walls is observed at the front of the drop; at larger velocities, the flow depends on the particle size compared to the thickness of the lubricating film, according to this criterion either the occurence of friction of the particles on the channel walls or a viscous lubrication regime are observed. These regimes are responsible for a greater or lesser accumulation of particles at the back of the drop, decreasing the back interfacial tension and giving rise to various mechanisms of interface destabilization. For both systems, we show that the presence of adsorbed species has little effect on the clogging condition. Nevertheless, we measure an increase in the passage time of the drops covered with surfactants or particles, which results from the coupling of interfacial dynamics and flow through the contraction
Malmazet, Erik de. "Etude de la fragmentation de gouttes chaudes en ébullition en film dans un écoulement d'eau." Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0165.
Full textThe goal of this work is to study the fragmentation of hot drops placed in a uniform flow, an important mechanism related to the vapor explosion phenomena. First, a theoretical study of the Boundary Layer Stripping mechanism in the isothermal case is done, and it is concluded that this mechanism is not able to effectively fragment the drop in the case where the externat flow is liquid, contrary to the gaseous case. Then, a model for film boiling over horizontal cylinders and axisymetric bodies which is able to properly describe the inertial and convection terms in the vapor flow is presented. This has never been done before. The model Is able to predict experimental results which could not be predicted by other models. Ln the last part, an experimental study of the fragmentation of hot tin draps in a water flow which uses digital fast camera and flash X ray imagery is presented. This study has allowed the observation of several new features of the drop fragmentation mechanism
Brik, Mostafa El Mehdi. "Influence des champs électriques sur l’écoulement au sein d’une goutte isolée et leurs effets sur les interactions entre gouttes." Thesis, Pau, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PAUU3040/document.
Full textDrops and bubbles interactions are encountered in various industrial and environmental applications. In this work, we focus on the electro-coalescence which has important industrial uses such as the destabilization of water / oil emulsions (coalescence of water droplets in oil). This study was devoted to the development and the elaboration of numerical models based on the Navier-Stokes equations and those describing the electrical field on a single drop as well as the interaction between two drops, and more particularly the effect of hydrodynamic and electrostatic forces on the thinning mechanism of the film separating the two drops. According to the treated cases, the interface tracking is achieved either by using the LS method (Level Set) or using the MM method (Moving Mesh). Numerical solutions were obtained using the commercial CFD software COMSOL Multiphysics. During the first step, we analyzed the effect of an electrical field on the deformation of a single suspended drop in another viscous fluid, for different physical and electrical properties of the two fluids. The model was tested and validated by comparison with existing analytical solutions and numerical studies found in the literature. We also analyzed the influence of the electric field on the generation of a secondary drop during the coalescence between a drop and a deformable liquid-liquid interface. In a second step, we investigated the drainage and deformation of two drops in interaction under the effect of a constant force. Unlike the lubrication theory which is based among others, on the assumption of a small interface deformation, in this work, no simplifying assumptions were used for the solution of equations, which allowed us to obtain numerical solutions for both small and large deformations. For the third step, we examined the rise of two drops of n-butanol in water under the influence of buoyancy force. The evolution of the drops terminal ascension velocity (leading drop/trailing drop), and the drainage of the film separating the two drops were analyzed in the presence and in the absence of electrical field
Pineirua, Miguel. "Élasticité et Interfaces : des gouttes et des plis." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00712635.
Full textMénétrier-Deremble, Laure. "Gouttes et champs électriques dans un système microfluidique." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00287107.
Full textUne première partie présente l'étude d'une goutte traversant une jonction microfluidique. Après avoir identifié trois scénarios possibles - dont deux entraînent la brisure - nous proposons
une étude quantitative des comportements observés dans l'espace des variables locales puis des paramètres de contrôle. Ces résultats ont été appliqués à l'extraction de phase microfluidique.
Dans une seconde partie, nous étudions l'effet du champ électrique sur une goutte fortement confinée. La pertinence de l'approche théorique bidimensionnelle est établie sur deux expériences modèles qui analysent l'évolution de la forme d'une goutte confinée sous champ et la variation de vitesse d'une goutte soumise à un champ inhomogène. Enfin, nous appliquons ces résultats au contrôle de gouttes dans des systèmes microfluidiques d'architectures variées.
Dangla, Rémi. "Microfluidique de gouttes 2D par gradient de confinement." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00835536.
Full textRIOBOO, ROMAIN. "Impact de gouttes sur surfaces solides et seches." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066214.
Full textFoissac, Arnaud. "Modélisation des interactions entre gouttes en environnement hostile." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066492.
Full textPiñeirua, Menendez Miguel. "Elasticité et interfaces : des gouttes et des plis." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066559.
Full textMénétrier-Deremble, Laure. "Gouttes et champs électriques dans un système microfluidique." Paris 6, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00287107.
Full textHuerre, Axel. "Migration de gouttes en microfluidique : caractérisation et applications." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066333/document.
Full textDigital microfluidics is a growing field of research. However, droplet dynamics remains largely unknown. As an example, a question as simple as predicting the droplet velocity while pushed by an external fluid at fixed velocity is still not answered. Understanding and thus modelizing it requires the identification of dissipation mechanisms in the droplet, in the dynamical meniscus and in the flat film. This thesis presents a study on the dynamical properties of lubrication films using an interferometric method (RICM) that has been adapted to microfluidics. We first show that, in a static case, we are able to measure nanometric film thicknesses with very accurate precision and that it is set by the disjoining pressure, especially the electrostatic part. Then the film is studied when the droplets flow. At low speeds, the film thickness is set by the disjoining pressure, while at higher capilarry numbers we identify a viscous model in agreement with our experimental results. For a micellar solution, we observe spinodal decomposition allowing us to recover interfacial properties (velocity, Marangoni stress). Finally, in a collaborative project, we were able to develop a lab on a chip allowing droplets manipulations taking advantage of micro-heaters integration
Roa, Antunez Ignacio. "Droplet breakup- Analyse de la rupture de gouttes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMR051.
Full textThe atomization process is influenced by the deformation and breakup of droplets, which in turn affects the final distribution of droplet size. Several authors have related the breakup of droplets due to turbulence to their free oscillations and have shown that even, for low turbulence levels, droplets break due to a resonant mechanism. This phenomenon provides the foundation for the present study.As a baseline of this work, the theoretical linear shape oscillations of droplets are first examined from both theoretical and numerical perspectives.The first-order oscillatory motion of an initially deformed droplet, considering the dynamic effects of the surrounding fluid, is described.Subsequently, the oscillations and breakup of a single, initially unperturbed, spherical liquid droplet subjected to a homogeneous and isotropic turbulent medium are investigated.A theoretical framework for droplet oscillations is developed using a spherical harmonic decomposition that tracks the deformation of the surface from its initial state to just before its breakup as an expansion of each mode of deformation.This approach links the small perturbation amplitude deformation of the droplet to the parameters and properties of the turbulent medium, allowing us to observe how turbulence excites the different modes, ultimately leading to breakup.We relate this phenomenon to linear stability theory and analyse how the droplet lifetime is associated with the turbulence statistics for the ensemble of characteristic values.During droplet deformation, perturbations of different origins favour the growth of liquid structures of various sizes and shapes.Notably, regions exhibiting contraction (bottlenecks) and accumulation (swelling) patterns may indicate potential breakup events.To accurately predict breakup events, it is essential to consider the multiscale nature of these systems.The temporal evolution of the scale distribution is used to identify all the dynamics involved in the deformation process at each scale throughout the droplet's lifetimeThe problem is approached by direct numerical simulation of the two-phase Navier-Stokes equations using the in-house code ARCHER.By combining these three analyses, the lifetime of the droplet is studied in two parts: First, the oscillatory motion and frequency of the different modes present in the deformation through the spherical harmonic framework to shed light on the resonance mechanism. Second, the temporal evolution of the scale distribution through a multiscale analysis at the end of the droplet lifetime
Cantegril, Thomas. "Étude de l’électrisation de gouttes de carburant aéronautique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ESMA0031.
Full textThe aviation sector must address major environmental challenges in the coming decades. To reduce its environmental impact, ambitious targets have been set by organizations such as ACARE, aiming for carbon neutrality by 2050. These goals include a 90% reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions compared to 2000, a 55% decrease in CO₂ emissions by 2030 relative to 1990, as well as a reduction in fine particulate matter and contrail formation. Achieving these objectives requires improvements in combustion within engines, location of the main source of these emissions. One key optimization lever is atomization, which could controls the distribution of kerosene in the combustion chamber. Effective atomization minimizes fuel-rich zones, thereby reducing the formation of fine particles. Currently, aerodynamic systems generate fine droplets using air jets and calibrated orifices. A promising alternative is electro-atomization, which utilizes strong electric fields to produce droplets.This thesis explores electro-atomization and its potential for the aviation industry. The electrical properties of two fuels—a kerosene and a substitute mixture of dodecane and ethanol—are analyzed at different temperatures, focusing on their electrical conductivity and permittivity. These properties provide insights into the charging behavior of dielectric liquids.A dedicated experimental setup has been developped to study droplet production at low flow rates under high voltage. The influence of flow rate and voltage on droplet size and charge is analyzed, with the objective to approach the Rayleigh charge limit, a threshold at which a droplet explodes into finer droplets, potentially enhancing combustion. This analysis also examines the balance between electric forces and surface tension in droplet formation
Pouly, Luc. "Analyse mathématique et modélisation numérique de combustion de gouttes /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1994. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=1259.
Full textProtiere, Suzie. "Gouttes rebondissantes: une association onde-particule à échelle macroscopique." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00192620.
Full textBoudaoud, Arezki. "Morphogenèse et auto-organisation : tiges, plaques, films et gouttes." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00110763.
Full textsolides confinés - instabilités, singularités et phéomènes multi-échelles -
en combinant expériences, simulations numériques et outils analytiques. Dans
un premier temps, nous abordons le compactage et le flambage de tiges et de
plaques et nous relions le flambage à la croissance différentielle dans le
vivant. Ensuite, nous considérons des films liquides sur un substrat solide
et en particulier la dynamique d'une ligne de contact. Enfin, nous analysons
deux formes d'auto-organisation : des goutes rebondissant sur un liquide et
la coalescence élastocapillaire d'une assemblée de tiges.
Fattaccioli, Jacques. "Mouillage Spécifique de Gouttes d'Emulsion sur des Substrats Biomimétiques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00106357.
Full textIncerti, Véronique. "Coalescence de gouttes dans l'air : du millimètre au nanomètre." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/19664/7/ChireuxIncerti_19664.pdf.
Full textFradet, Etienne. "Microfluidique de gouttes pour l'étude cinétique de réactions biochimiques." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00929715.
Full textEhlinger, Quentin. "Impacts de gouttes en caléfaction sur substrat localement texturés." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1122/document.
Full textThe presented work deals with drop impacts in Leidenfrost regime. In such a case, the drop is thermally and mechanically isolated from the overheated substrate by a thin vapor layer. Viscous friction can therefore be neglected. The substrates are shaped with localized micrometric textures. We rediscover a self-similar spreading regime at short times. We characterize covering regimes of a single defect by the drop. Those regimes are driven by the ratio between lamella thickness and defect thickness. Defects give rise to excrescences in their wake, whose dynamic can be approached by two inertial-capillary recoil models. One is valid at short times and the other at longer times. In the case of several defects, we break up the lamella from different sites according to the ratio between defect width and lamella thickness. We numerically predict, with a tessellation algorithm, the pattern on which the fluid is localized at the end of the fragmentation. Through more complex textures, we can channel the drop spreading. The spreading is increased in the directions of the channels. One can also inhibit the spreading with circular textures. The textures affect the time before drop rebound. We exhibit a general and unique dependency between time before rebound and maximal spreading. This dependency is valid when textures increase the spreading as well as when they inhibit it
Leone, Jean. "Gouttes atypiques : etude critique a propos de cinq observations." Reims, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REIMM055.
Full textCHAKER, MUSTAPHA. "Etudes de la desintegration electrohydrodynamique de gouttes fortement chargees." Nice, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NICE4851.
Full textAlzuaga, Sébastien. "Manipulation de gouttes de liquides par des méthodes acoustiques." Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESA2071.
Full textThis thesis mainly deals with liquid droplets displacement using ultrsonic waves. It is composed of two main lines corresponding to the kind of acouqtic waves employed for the displacement. The droplet is positionned on the nearest antinode of flexural plate wave of suffisant amplitude excited in a beam like structure. By switching the frequency excitation of the device , it is possible to change the position of the antinodes and so to move the droplet strep by step. We also paid attenion to droplet ecvtuation using rayleigh acoustic waves. This kind of device permits the droplet displacement in two dimensions and the control of its position in real time