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Journal articles on the topic 'Government external borrowing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

OYEDOKUN, Godwin Emmanuel, and Olajide Martins ADEWINLE. "External Borrowing, Government Expenditure and Road Construction in Nigeria." JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, FINANCE AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES 06, no. 07 (2023): 3015–27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8112334.

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External borrowing is a significant source of government revenue, and the increase in the levels of foreign borrowing is taken as evidence of progress toward meeting economic and infrastructure goals. Despite the massive incidence of foreign borrowings, developing nations continue to lag behind established economies in terms of quality, quantity, and accessibility to the benefits of infrastructural development. Therefore, this study analyses the effect of external borrowing on government expenditure on road construction in Nigeria. The study is anchored on the debt crowding theory. In analyzin

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2

Ekuma, Mojibade Titilayo, Oliver Ike Inyiama, and Ifeoma Mary Okwo. "Effect of Increasing Government Debt Profile on Economic Prosperity of Nigeria." European Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Research 12, no. 3 (2024): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ejaafr.2013/vol12n35367.

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The study aimed at assessing the effect of increasing government debt profile on economic prosperity of Nigeria. Specifically, the study examined the extent that Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was affected, during the period of study, by rising domestic debt, external debt, and cost of borrowing in Nigeria. The data for analysis were sourced principally from CBN Bulletins and Debt Management Office. The null hypotheses that domestic debt, external debt, and cost of borrowing do not significantly affect Gross Domestic Product, were tested through a multiple regression analysis. The findings indic

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3

Jesson, Rey F. Sabado, Rose R. Tagalog Jezyl, L. Sarmiento Ellieza, and B. Gaquit Arabella. "The Effects of Government Borrowing to Investment Growth of the Country." JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, FINANCE AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES 07, no. 02 (2024): 1273–84. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10695251.

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Government borrowing has emerged as one significant method that helps in mobilization of resources for economic growth especially in emerging economics. Most governments in developing economies resort to borrowing as a way of financing budget deficit. This paper identifies the effects of government borrowing to investment growth in the Philippines. Specifically, it presented the trend of gross domestic product, internal debt, and external debt from 1990-2020. The study used Johansen Co-integration, Granger Causality, and Vector Autoregression (VAR) models to analyze this study. Johansen’

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Saheed, Zakaree S., Ibrahim E. Sani, and Blessing O. Idakwoji. "Impact of Public External Debt on Exchange Rate in Nigeria." International Finance and Banking 2, no. 1 (2015): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ifb.v2i1.7734.

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With continuous increase in public expenditures, and low capital formation in many developing countries, many governments have resorted into borrowing either or both within and outside the country. However, most borrowings come with interest attached, which results in debt servicing. Serving external debt may involve demand for foreign currency which tends to affect the exchange rate of the country. Hence, this study examines the impact of public external debt on exchange rate in Nigeria. Using the Ordinary Least Square, on the secondary data sourced from the CBN and DMO among other sources, f

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ADEWINLE, Olajide Martins, Titilayo Eni-Itan FOWOKAN, and Godwin Emmanuel OYEDOKUN. "Effect of External Borrowing on Government Expenditure on Agriculture in Nigeria." AFAR Multidisciplinary Journal of Management Sciences (MJMS) Volume 5, No. 1, June 2023 (2023): 98–122. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8211595.

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Access to standard and efficient infrastructure facilities, for example road, healthcare, security, education, and power is a hallmark of a prosperous nation. However, this has become a cause of concern for the Nigeria citizens. The roads are death traps across major highways, access to basic primary heproductivitye is a challenge just as insecurity; Agricultural productivity as consistently remain poor and worsened by the activities of bandits. Finance experts have opined that with appropriate funding, such infrastructural deficit can be developed and made to improve economic activities which

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Kuzmina, Olga Yrievna, Maria Eugenievna Konovalova, and Anton Valerievich Kravchenko. "Public borrowing and their impact on growth of public well-being." KANT 38, no. 1 (2021): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24923/2222-243x.2021-38.8.

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The article is devoted to the study of the role of government borrowing in the system of modern market relations, in which the search for tools to maintain or increase the social welfare of citizens is one of the urgent issues. In conditions of weak economic growth and a slow increase in the standard of living of the population, one of the most significant ways to activate economic growth is precisely the amount of funds raised by the state for solving key social problems. As part of the study, an analysis of internal and external government borrowings of the Russian economic system was carrie

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Derycke, Pierre-Henri, and Guy Gilbert. "The Public Debt of French Local Government." Journal of Public Policy 5, no. 3 (1985): 387–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00003172.

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ABSTRACTAfter a sharp increase, the public debt of French local communities has been stabilized in real terms: its amount reached 54 per cent of total public debt in 1980. In the French institutional framework, local government borrowing policy is under the tight control of central agencies. An econometric model of the borrowing behaviour of local governments since 1965 is presented; it emphasizes the role of internal determinants of local debt (needs for investment, self-financing ability of governments), external constraints (e.g. interest rates and the financial resources of lenders, such a

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Alenoghena, Raymond Osi, Adolphus Arhotomhenla Aghughu, and Ernest Simeon Odior. "Domestic Borrowing and the Nigerian Economy: A Bayesian VAR Analysis." Journal of Developing Areas 57, no. 3 (2023): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jda.2023.a907735.

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ABSTRACT: The Nigerian government has borrowed for more than three decades to fund the growing fiscal deficit based on a weak tax revenue base. After the repayment of the country's foreign loans in 2006, the borrowing structure has been dominated by domestic loans. Between 2006 and 2020, domestic borrowing has grown by more than 800 per cent. This study examines the effect of domestic borrowing on Nigeria's macroeconomic variables from 1975 to 1980. The variables examined against the effect of domestic borrowing include economic growth, financial development (broad money supply and credit to p

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Odey, Ferdinand Ite, John Odey Owan, and Julia Njarani Owan. "External Debt Burden and Economic Growth in Nigeria." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 8, no. 3 (2023): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/ijefm.v8.no3.2023.pg73.87.

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This study examined external debt burden and economic growth in Nigeria. Accordingly, the main objective of the study is to investigate the impact of external debt burden on economic growth in Nigeria, using the econometric analytical technique. Annual time series data were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin. Economic growth was measured by gross domestic product (GDP) while external debt burden was represented by external debt stock and debt service payment. The bound testing and Autoregressive Distributed Lag model estimation techniques were employed for the analys

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J. O., Ajibade, and Bank-Ola ,R. F. "Nigeria’s External Debt: The Perceived Pros and Cons." International Journal of Scientific and Management Research 05, no. 06 (2022): 262–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37502/ijsmr.2022.5622.

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A vast majority of countries exist that are unable to self-finance themselves in terms of infrastructure, education, social amenities, and other major projects. As such, they embark on a debt-creating act. With low tax revenues, the government does not want to jeopardize macroeconomic stability by printing additional money. Hence, borrowing is an appealing option for funding infrastructure development projects. Public borrowing happens in both domestic and international markets. External debt is the debt due to non-residents that are repayable in foreign money, food, or services. Nigeria's ext

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Lupenko, A. Y. "Credit Default Swaps in the External Public Debt Management." PROBLEMS OF ECONOMY 4, no. 46 (2020): 326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-0712-2020-4-326-333.

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The article aims at systematizing the theoretical and methodological foundations of using credit default swaps in the external public debt management. Theoretical principles of using credit default swaps in the external public debt management are studied. The advantages and disadvantages of credit default swaps as derivative financial instruments are generalized. It is shown that the main disadvantages of credit default swaps are their speculative character and dependence on international rating agencies, as well as lack of proper regulation in the synthetic securitization of debt-based assets

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Yakymchuk, O. Ya, and O. P. Melnyk. "The impact of external borrowings on the Ukrainian economy." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 6 (December 16, 2024): 700–704. https://doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2024.06.116.

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In current environment, external borrowings have a significant impact on the domestic economy. On the one hand, they are an important tool for the development and stabilisation of Ukraine’s economy, as, if used rationally, they will help maintain budgetary stability and implement the necessary reforms. On the other hand, such borrowings may pose certain risks in the form of an increased debt burden, dependence on creditors, and even a threat to financial independence. For Ukraine, this issue is of particular relevance. Sources of external borrowing include various entities, including: The Inte

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Dr., AGOR Righteous, ERHUOTOR Ejiro Efe Dr., MUSA Andrawus Dr., and Mohammed Lawal Ademu. "The Dynamics of Federal Government Budget Deficits and Their Impact on Long-Term Economic Stability and Growth in Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Sustainability Research (NJSR) 2, no. 1 (2024): 65–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14566681.

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<em>This study explores the</em><em> Dynamics of Federal Government Budget Deficits and Their Impact on Long-Term Economic Stability and Growth in Nigeria </em><em>over the period from 2003 to 2023. Using a Generalized Least Squares (GLS) model, the study assesses the effects of key economic factors such as domestic debt, external grants, external debt servicing, and government emergency spending on the country’s GDP growth. The theoretical framework is anchored in Keynesian economics, which highlights the importance of government intervention in boosting economic activity, especially du

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Mulugeta, Eyayu Tesfaye. "Macroeconomic Determinants of External Debt Accumulation in Ethiopia: An ARDL Bound Testing Approach." African Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development 4, no. 2 (2021): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajesd-5chik2tr.

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This study attempts to explore the major macroeconomic determinants of external debt stock growth in Ethiopia prompted by a continuous increase in government external borrowing over the period 1981-2018. For this purpose, the study employed the ARDL bound testing approach and all the necessary time series diagnostic tests were conducted. The long run model estimation result revealed that per capita GDP growth has a positive and significant effect on the country’s external debt stock. The result also revealed that the budget deficit and political instability put a significant upward pressure on

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DANISH, Muhammad Hassan, Fouzia JAMSHAID, and Samman SHAHZADI. "Macroeconomic Determinants of External Debt in Selected SAARC Countries: A Panel Data Analysis." International Journal of Contemporary Economics and Administrative Sciences 12, no. 1 (2022): 341–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7087785.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> External debt is burning problem in almost all economically developing or underdeveloped countries because of current account and budget deficits, low saving and investment growth and negative balance of payment. The external borrowing is increasing drastically in South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation (SAARC) that largely relies on external borrowing for their public finance. So, this study aims to explore the factors which enhances or lower the external debt in four countries in four SAARC nations (Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Srilanka) for the period

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Nwaeze, Nnamdi Chinwendu, Ijeoma Eme Kalu, and Steve Otonye Tamuno. "Does Fiscal Deficit Stimulate Employment? Evidence from Nigeria's Experience: VAR Approach." Greener Journal of Economics and Accountancy 6, no. 3 (2017): 65–81. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJEA.2017.3.112017169.

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This study investigated the relationships between fiscal deficit, financing options vis-a-viz domestic and external borrowing financed deficits and unemployment rate in Nigeria. The study adopted the vector autoregression (VAR) econometric technique to analyze the time series data obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria and other sources. The study found long run relationship between unemployment and the other endogenous variables, namely; GDP per capita, overall fiscal deficit, domestic credit to the private sector, domestic borrowing financed deficit, external borrowing financed deficit an

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Alenoghena, Raymond Osi, Justin Amase, and Adolphus Arhotomhenla Aghughu. "The Threshold Effect of Domestic Public Borrowing on the Nigerian Economy." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science 06, no. 05 (2022): 824–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2022.6544.

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TLike many other developing countries, the Nigerian government has increased domestic borrowing recently. This study examines the nonlinear relationship between domestic borrowing and economic growth, covering 1980 and 2019. The study adopts the threshold regression approach to establish the switching point between domestic borrowing and economic growth in Nigeria. The results reveal that the domestic borrowing and economic growth threshold is 14.88% of GDP with an inverted U-shaped curve. The maximum turning point of the variables implies the application of the debt Laffer Curve in Nigeria, s

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Chinedu, Anthony Umeh, Daniel Ochuba Chinedu, and Remigius Ihezie Ugochukwu. "Impact of government budget deficits on public health sector output in Nigeria." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 7, no. 3 (2021): 350–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5543268.

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The study examined the impact of government budget deficits on the public health sector output in Nigeria over a period of 1980 to 2018. The specifically study sought to: investigate the impact of government budget deficits affect the public health sector output in Nigeria, ascertain the impact of external borrowing on the public health sector output in Nigeria and evaluate the impact of domestic borrowing budget deficits financing on the public health sector output in Nigeria. The methods of data analysis range from argument dickey fuller unit root test, Johansen co-integration test and final

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Aminu, Abubakar Mikailu. "PUBLIC DEBT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA." Caleb International Journal of Development Studies 07, no. 01 (2024): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.26772/cijds-2024-07-01-04.

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This study investigates the influence of public debt on economic growth in Nigeria, employing the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model of cointegration and analysing annual time series data spanning from 1980 to 2022. The empirical findings reveal that in the long run, external debt exerts a positive and significant impact on economic growth. This suggests that external debt holds substantial economic potential to drive growth in Nigeria throughout the analysed period. However, debt service payments have a significant adverse effect on growth, both in the long run and the short run. Con

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Zhao, Yanwei, and Tae-Yeong Choi. "Effects of External Corporate Governance Mechanism on Financial Distress Risk: Evidence from Chinese Listed Firms." Korean Data Analysis Society 24, no. 6 (2022): 2085–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37727/jkdas.2022.24.6.2085.

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We explore the effects of external corporate governance measures on financial distress risk for the non-financial listed firms in China. For empirical analysis, we use panel regression models to handle the panel data collected from the CSMAR for 2010-2020. As a proxy for the financial distress risk or dependent variable, we employ the Z-score (Altman, 1968) which measures the financial distress risk inversely. As measures for external corporate governance mechanism or explanatory variables, we choose product market competition, control market competition, bank borrowing ratio, external audit,

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Chinedu Anthony Umeh, Chinedu Daniel Ochuba, and Ugochukwu Remigius Ihezie. "Impact of government budget deficits on public health sector output in Nigeria." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 11, no. 2 (2021): 350–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.11.2.0403.

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The study examined the impact of government budget deficits on the public health sector output in Nigeria over a period of 1980 to 2018. The specifically study sought to: investigate the impact of government budget deficits affect the public health sector output in Nigeria, ascertain the impact of external borrowing on the public health sector output in Nigeria and evaluate the impact of domestic borrowing budget deficits financing on the public health sector output in Nigeria. The methods of data analysis range from argument dickey fuller unit root test, Johansen co-integration test and final

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Boyko, S., O. Dragan, and K. Tkachenko. "Current trends in debt policy of city councils and directions of its improvement." Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, no. 1 (155) (May 21, 2020): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2020-155-1-56-67.

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The need to rethink the role of urban debt policy in accordance with the growing needs of urban communities and their sustainable socio-economic development is identified. In Ukraine, the legal preconditions for the formation of cities' own debt policy and the implementation of borrowing in both domestic and foreign nancial markets. The current state of local budgets and decentralization processes only highlight the need for cities to develop debt policy. The formation of the institution of local borrowings in Ukraine is analyzed and an in-depth analysis of borrowings of city councils in 2014-

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Fayzullokh, Sattoriy. "PUBLIC EXTERNAL DEBT MANAGEMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES." MOLIYA TIZIMINI RIVOJLANTIRISHNING ZAMONAVIY TENDENSIYALARI VA ISTIQBOLLARI 1, no. 4 (2024): 646–50. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11399214.

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Аннотация: Public external debt, defined as the total amount owed by a government to foreign creditors, plays a significant role in shaping the economic landscape of developing countries. While external borrowing can finance infrastructure projects, stimulate growth, and address short-term financing needs, it also poses considerable challenges in terms of repayment obligations and vulnerability to external shocks. Effective management of public external debt is therefore crucial for achieving sustainable economic development and avoiding debt crises.

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Mwakalila, Enock. "Crowding Out of Private Sector in Tanzania: Government Expenditure, Domestic Borrowing, and Lending Rates." Emerging Economy Studies 6, no. 1 (2020): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2394901520913653.

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This study empirically analyzes the impact of government expenditure and domestic borrowing on credit to the private sector in Tanzania by increasing lending rates. Quarterly time series data are collected from 2004 to 2018. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model estimation with a bound cointegration test is used to establish the short- and long-run relationships, and the results are subjected to diagnostic tests for robustness. The result shows that government expenditure and domestic borrowing crowd out credit to the private sector by increasing the lending rate in the long run. This ca

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Petyk, L. O., S. I. Tsiunyk, and Y. V. Kovalchuk. "The Current State of the Public Debt in Ukraine and Prospects of Using Foreign Experience in Public Debt Management." Business Inform 12, no. 527 (2021): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-12-225-231.

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The article is devoted to an important component of the country’s financial security –public debt. The formation of governmental borrowing is caused by the State’s need for additional financial resources. These resources are used to ensure the fulfillment of all tasks set before the State aiming to ensure economic and social prosperity. Improperly developed policy of public debt management will undermine the financial security of the State. To analyze the state of public borrowing, the following indicators were considered: the volume of total, external and internal public debt of Ukraine from

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Naibei, Remmy, Dennis Muriithi, and Onesmus Mbaabu. "Effect of Public Wages on External Debt in Kenya." Science Research 12, no. 5 (2024): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20241205.12.

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Most developing Africa countries have a high need for capital projects that requires a lot of government spending and attention. However, it is unfortunate that in Kenya, borrowed cash intended for capital projects is diverted to recurrent requirements putting a damper on national investment in viable projects. This poses a significant threat to the economy&apos;s growth. The following goal served as a guideline for the study; to determine the influence of public wages on external borrowing debt in Kenya using both cointegration and error correction model. Causal research design was adopte

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Manuel, Victoria, Daisy Mbazima-Lando, and Erwin Naimhwaka. "Effects of Government Expenditure on Foreign Exchange Reserves: Evidence for Namibia." International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues 13, no. 1 (2023): 172–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.13525.

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The study empirically investigated the effects of government expenditure on FX reserves in Namibia. Using quarterly data, the study applied the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration technique to examine the relationship between FX reserves and government expenditure, the exchange rate, external borrowing, current account balance and M2 over the period ranging from 2002 to 2020. The results show that an increase in government expenditure reduces FX reserves. Furthermore, increase in foreign debt, current account balance and M2 increases the level of FX reserves, while an appreciat

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Bhattarai, Kumar. "Public Debt in Nepal: Utilization and Sustainability." Patan Gyansagar 7, no. 1 (2025): 16–24. https://doi.org/10.3126/pg.v7i1.79551.

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This study analyzed the public debt of Nepal. The objectives of the study are to measure the resource gap in government financing, to examine the utilization of public debt and to analyze the debt sustainability in Nepal. The analysis was based on the data from fiscal year 2013/14 to 2022/23 and adopted a descriptive approach. Over the past decade, Nepal has experienced a persistent and widening resource gap, primarily due to government expenditure outpacing revenue growth. This gap has increasingly been financed through both internal and external borrowing, raising concerns about the sustaina

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Syzov, Alim, Oles Koval, Denys Khomych, and Mykola Paslavskyi. "Forecasting methods for financial support of military capability during the democratisation." Visnyk Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Military-Special Sciences, no. 1 (57) (2024): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2217.2024.57.51-65.

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Background . The progressive exhaustion of Ukraine's economy due to the war, which, among other things, led to industrial, demographic, and environmental crises, forced the Government to look for reliable external sources of financial borrowing and material and humanitarian support as well as implementing efficient mechanisms of internal financial sources. During the first year of the Russian-Ukrainian war, international financial support, together with the monetary policy of the National Bank of Ukraine in terms of the emission of funds, was crucial to stabilising the stagnating economy. Howe

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Agu, Patrick Chinonso, and Judethadeus Chukwuebuka Oshim. "Effect 0f Deficit Budget Financing Sources on Inflation Rate in Nigeria." International Journal of Business and Management Review 12, no. 1 (2024): 116–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ijbmr.2013/vol12n1116131.

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The study examined the effect of deficit budget financing sources on inflation rate in Nigeria. External debt, Ways and Means Advances, and Treasury Bills were the independent variables of the study, while inflation rate was the dependent variable. The study adopted an ex-post-facto research design, covering the period between 2011 and 2020. Secondary data were extracted from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin. Ordinary Least Square multiple regression technique was used for the data analysis. In line with the specific objectives of the study which is to ascertain the effect of e

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Ahmad, Eatzaz, and Ayaz Ahmed. "A Simulation Analysis of the Debt Problem in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 37, no. 4II (1998): 355–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v37i4iipp.355-376.

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The current debt situation in Pakistan and the resulting financial crisis require serious attempts to find a sustainable indigenous solution. As such it is essential to search ways and means to reduce dependence on external borrowing over medium to long run.1 External debt is usually created to sustain a growth rate of the economy, which is otherwise not feasible with the given state of domestic resources, technology, consumption propensity and economic management practices. However, the success of economic growth financed by external borrowing depends on two factors, namely the domestic savin

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MOROZ, Ivanna. "EXTERNAL GOVERNMENT DEBT MANAGEMENT OF UKRAINE IN CONDITIONS OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC AND PANDEMIC SHOCKS." WORLD OF FINANCE, no. 1(66) (2021): 48–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/sf2021.01.048.

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Introduction. The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on macroeconomic dynamics and the state of external public debt are analised. The main reasons for the growth of the State Budget deficit of Ukraine are identified and the need to increase the efficiency of the external public debt management policy in the context of minimizing the budget deficit is proved. Emphasis is placed on the situational and imbalance of Ukraine’s external public debt management policy, which is due to the lack of the Economic Development Strategy of Ukraine and the Government’s program of activities for 2020. It i

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Cheworei, Peter Ptengwe, Paul Okelo Odwori, and Winrose Chepngeno. "An Evaluation of the Effect of Domestic Debt and External Debt on Economic Growth in Kenya." Africa Journal of Technical and Vocational Education and Training 9, no. 1 (2024): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.69641/afritvet.2024.91187.

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During the period 1963 to 2008, Kenya’s economy went through cyclical booms and depressions. As a result, the Kenyan government turned to external and domestic borrowing to finance the budget deficits. However, this has negatively affected the country - leading to high dependency ratio as compared to the previous years. Therefore, this study assessed the effects of domestic borrowing and external borrowing on economic growth in Kenya for the period between 1988 and 2019. The study was anchored on the Keynesian theory of economic growth and the dynamic theory of public spending. Autoregressive

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Molokwu, I. M., and A. O. Anyadufu. "Effect of Exogenous Revenues on the Economic Development in Anambra State." European Review in Accounting and Finance 7, no. 2 (2023): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7793866.

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This study ascertained the effect of exogenous revenues on the economic development in Anambra State from 2012-2020. The specific objectives of the study are: to evaluate the effect of external debts on the economic development in Anambra, to appraise the effect of export revenue on the economic development in Anambra State and to determine the effect of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on the economic development in Anambra State. Secondary data were collected from Anambra state Inland Revenue Service, Debt Management Office (DMO) and World Investment Report (WIR). The data were analyzed using

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Havolli, Berat. "Determinants of government bond spreads in European transition economies and implications for small and medium enterprises." Management 28, no. 1 (2023): 181–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.30924/mjcmi.28.1.12.

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Given the need for transition economies to finance some of the investment required for development through borrowing, this paper empirically examines the determinants of government bond spreads, focusing on institutional quality as a contextual dimension. The literature generally assumes that market assessments of sovereign risk - i.e., the probability of default - and hence the cost of sovereign borrowing over the risk-free rate are based on the borrower’s macroeconomic fundamentals, solvency, and liquidity indicators related to fiscal and financial variables, and indicators of external finan

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Fortune, Uzochukwu Ojelubechukwu. "Impact of External Debt on Economic Growth in Nigeria." African Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development 4, no. 3 (2021): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajesd-mzso1np8.

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This study examined external borrowing and economic growth in Nigeria covering the period 1981 – 2019. The main objective of the study is to ascertain the impact of external borrowing on economic growth in Nigeria. Times series data on GDP, external debt, exchange rate, external debt servicing payments and inflation were extracted from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin 2018 was used for the study. The method of data analysis and evaluation were the unit-root test which was used to ascertain the stationary status of the variables, the linear regression with the application

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Mugumisi, Nathan. "The impact of public external debt on private investment. Evidence from Zimbabwe under the multi-currency system." Journal of Economic Info 8, no. 1 (2021): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/jei.v8i1.1688.

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The levels of public debt have grown significantly in both emerging and developed countries even during times of peace. The rising levels of debt pose substantial debt sustainability issues to developing countries including Zimbabwe. A defaulting country usually has limited access to new international credit lines or tends to borrow at a higher cost, due to high perceived country risk premium, making the country a less attractive investment destination. Zimbabwe is currently suffering debt distress and has since the year 2000 struggled to service her external debt from international multilater

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Ahmad, Eatzaz. "A Qualitative Analysis of Pakistan’s External and Internal Debt." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 16, Special Edition (2011): 123–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2011.v16.isp.a6.

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This paper discusses how poor debt management combined with the policies of donor agencies (particularly the IMF) have brought on the present domestic and foreign debt crises. The paper presents a qualitative account of the debt in Pakistan and then analyzes the debt data using various debt burden indicators. After the analysis of the economic and social costs of debt overhang in Pakistan, it is found that net foreign resource flows to the private and public sectors tended to crowd out private and public savings respectively and that public savings is crowded out by resource flows from the pri

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Sarhan, Bassam Malik. "Philosophical treatments of the general budget deficit between acceptance and rejection." American Journal of Interdisciplinary Innovations and Research 7, no. 1 (2025): 6–13. https://doi.org/10.37547/tajiir/volume07issue01-02.

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The issue of the general budget deficit is a very important issue, as it includes the actual and planned deficit by the government for a full economic cycle approved by the law issued by the government parliament. Perhaps the most prominent goal of the financial deficit is for the government to appear before individuals as being able to address the problems suffered by projects and contractors with the government. Here, it has put itself before a real test that entails a moral obligation before individuals and a financial obligation before how to cover the deficit that may occur if the governm

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Nawalage, L.A.Cooray. "Crowding-out Effect of Public Borrowing in Sri Lanka." Journal of Economics and Business 2, no. 3 (2019): 827–42. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1992.02.03.130.

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The government of Sri Lanka has been disproportionately borrowing from the domestic banking and non-banking sectors to finance its budget deficit. These sectors also serve as funding sources for the country's private investors. The government's expansionary fiscal policy has increased its total income, but it may also raise interest rates and reduce private investment. This study estimates the crowding-out effect of public borrowing from domestic sources on private investment in Sri Lanka. Using time-series data from 1960-2014 sourced from the Central Bank of Sri Lanka and World Develo

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Lee, Hanbyul. "A Study on Education Training Policy Borrowing Mechanism in South Korea: A case of Korean Work-Learning Dual System." Korean Comparative Education Society 33, no. 6 (2023): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20306/kces.2023.12.31.1.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the mechanism by which external apprenticeship policies are borrowed in Korea, and to identify the reasons why external policies are transformed into Korean style within this mechanism. To achieve this goal, this study conducted a qualitative case study by securing data through literature analysis and semi-structured interviews. The interviews were conducted by selecting a total of 34 people involved in industry, academia, government, and research institute concurrently in consideration of the representativeness and balance of the sample. In

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Ahmed Abu Bakr, F. A. "Analysis of structure of a public debt of the countries of Latin America." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 2(29) (April 28, 2013): 228–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2013-2-29-228-231.

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The article addresses the problem of public debt restructuring in seven largest countries of Latin America. Over the last decade there has been a steady decline in nations’ external debt liabilities. This process was originated by two main contributors: worsening borrowing conditions on the world credit market, encouraging governments to deleverage their external credit position, and a solid financial standing underpinned by a positive external environment. It is LAC-7 countries’ strong fiscal position that propelled the development of national debt market and attracted international investors

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Ampah, Isaac Kwesi, and Gábor Dávid Kiss. "Welfare implications of external debt and capital flight in Sub-Saharan Africa (Evidence using panel data modelling)." Acta Oeconomica 71, no. 2 (2021): 347–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/032.2021.00017.

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AbstractThe countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have experienced a positive growth rate of over five per cent per year, on average, since their transition from the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative in 1996 and the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative in 2006. Despite this growth, poverty and inequality are still very high. Employing the Driscoll – Kraay standard panel estimation method and dataset from 1990 to 2015, this paper sets out to examine the implications of external debt and capital flight on the general welfare of the people. The estimation results reveal that both external

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Apere, ThankGod Oyinpreye, and Warlice Joel Uche. "Economic Analysis of Borrowing, Corruption and Inflation in Nigeria." Global Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 11, no. 9 (2023): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/gjahss.2013/vol11n91526.

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This study investigates the impact of borrowing and corruption on inflation in Nigeria. with annual time series data over the period 1990 to 2022 obtained from CBN statistical bulletin 2022, World Bank Economic Outlook 2022 were employed. This study employed two distinct analytical techniques namely the Error Correction technique. The results indicate that external debt could result in inflation or reduce inflation depending on the prevailing economic condition. On the other hand, domestic debt has a positive influence on the country’s inflationary woes as increase in domestic debt produces in

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Mensah, David, Anthony Q. Q. Aboagye, Joshua Y. Abor, and Anthony Kyereboah-Coleman. "External debt among HIPCs in Africa: accounting and panel VAR analysis of some determinants." Journal of Economic Studies 44, no. 3 (2017): 431–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-05-2015-0080.

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Purpose The management of external debt among highly indebted poor countries (HIPCs) in Africa still remains a challenge despite numerous packages and attempts to ameliorate the consequences of such odious debt. The purpose of this paper is to establish the factors that contribute to the growth rate of external debt and how these factors respond to shocks to external debt growth rate in Africa. Design/methodology/approach Data were obtained from 24 African countries and analyzed using a panel vector autoregression estimation methodology. Findings The study found that external debt growth rates

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Ga’al, Hassan Osman, and Abdirashid Abdalla Sheikh Ali. "External Debt and Economic Growth Nexus in Somalia: 1990 - 2021." International Journal of Economic Policy 4, no. 3 (2024): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijecop.2197.

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Purpose: The study aimed to empirically investigate the effect of external debt on economic growth in Somalia from the period of 1990 to 2021. Methodology: The study was conducted based on an ex-post facto research design with a focus on longitudinal design. The study fully used quantitative research to evaluate the secondary data for scientific evaluation and to determine the conclusions for the objectives. Augmented Dickey Fuller Test (ADF) was used to examine the stationarity properties of the time series before analysis. Co-integration techniques developed by Johansen (1988) and Johansen a

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Wafure, Obida Gomna, Ibrahim Musa, and Abdullahi Idris Ahmad. "Empirical Analysis of The Impact of Public Debt on Macroeconomic." International Journal of Economics Development Research (IJEDR) 6, no. 2 (2025): 995–1018. https://doi.org/10.37385/ijedr.v6i2.3855.

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This study investigates the impact of public debt on Nigeria's macroeconomic indicators, including real gross domestic product (RGDP), unemployment (UNEM), interest rate (INTR), and inflation rate (INFR), from 1980 to 2020. The study utilises the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach for cointegration, and the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) bounds testing approach. The cointegration analysis reveals a notable symmetric and asymmetric cointegrating relationship, both in the long run, between public expenditure (both external and domestic) and the chosen

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Onyshchuk, Ihor. "FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS FOR SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT." Economic scope, no. 198 (March 10, 2025): 82–91. https://doi.org/10.30838/ep.198.82-91.

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The article proposes an approach to improving the financial support for the spatial development of territorial communities through the implementation of adaptive mechanisms that address modern challenges of socio-economic instability and external threats. Effective financial support is identified as a key factor influencing the ability of local self-government bodies (LSGBs) to implement long-term development projects aimed at infrastructure creation, environmental improvement, and enhancing the quality of life for residents. The study emphasizes the importance of key financial instruments, su

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Rotimi, Comfort Omolayo, Naphtali John, Mathew Ekundayo Rotimi, and Mishelle Doorasamy. "Assessment of the Impact of Government Revenue Mobilisation on Economic Growth in Nigeria." Journal of Economics, Business, & Accountancy Ventura 24, no. 2 (2021): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.14414/jebav.v24i2.2716.

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Inadequate revenue generation impedes economic growth. The issue has lacked attention from academics. Therefore, this study focuses on the relationship between revenue generation and economic growth in Nigeria. It employed time series data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) from 1981-2018. The study used multiple regression to estimate the impact of government revenue mobilization on economic growth in Nigeria. Findings revealed that domestic debts and non-oil revenue positively and significantly impact economic growth, while external deb

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Gunter, Bernhard G., A. F. M. Ataur Rahman, and Jesmin Rahman. "Aid, Debt, and Development in Bangladesh: Synergies or Contradictions." Journal of Bangladesh Studies 12, no. 1 (2010): 23–43. https://doi.org/10.1163/27715086-01201003.

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This paper examines past and future aid allocations to Bangladesh and her debt sustainability, paying special attention to recent international debt relief initiatives and the possible fast-tracking of Bangladesh’s poverty reduction strategy to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It shows that aid allocations as well as the donors’ influence increased sharply during the 1970s, leading to criticism of aid in Bangladesh that largely remains today even though aid allocations to Bangladesh decreased in relative terms at least since 1987. Among countries with similar income per capita

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