Academic literature on the topic 'Government instability'
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Journal articles on the topic "Government instability"
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KADIU, Fatbardha. "Instability of Finance in Local Government Case of Albania." Revista Romaneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala 06, no. 02 (2014): 79–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/rrem/2014.0602.07.
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Bondaruk, Taisiia, Nataliia Melnychuk, and Igor Bondaruk. "INSTABILITY AND ITS GOVERNMENT REGULATION." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 4, no. 2 (2018): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2018-4-2-32-39.
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Walther, Daniel, Johan Hellström, and Torbjörn Bergman. "Government instability and the state." Political Science Research and Methods 7, no. 3 (2018): 579–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2018.20.
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Governmentinstability(cabinet duration) is an important feature of parliamentary democracy. Over time, the research on cabinet duration has improved in technical and theoretical sophistication. However, we note that little attention has been paid to the relationship between governments and the state itself. Our main hypothesis is that state capacity, e.g., factors such as state bureaucratic effectiveness and law and order, shape how easy it is for governments to implement the new policy and thus how well they can achieve policy objectives. We also argue that when state capacity is low, the ability to adequately respond to external shocks goes down, and instability increases. When testing this empirically we find that low state capacity does indeed help us predict an increased risk for early termination—in particular, whether the government ends through a replacement (but not by an early election). Using interaction effects, we also demonstrate that the effect of external shocks, such as an increase in unemployment, is conditional on state capacity. An increase in unemployment only has a significant effect on cabinet stability when state capacity is low, suggesting that the cabinet’s (in)ability to address the economic problems is an important factor for understating cabinet durability.
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Hyeon-Ji Yu. "Government Policies and Housing Price Instability." Public Policy Review 22, no. 2 (2008): 75–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.17327/ippa.2008.22.2.003.
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Huber, John D. "How Does Cabinet Instability Affect Political Performance? Portfolio Volatility and Health Care Cost Containment in Parliamentary Democracies." American Political Science Review 92, no. 3 (1998): 577–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2585482.
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This article explores the relationship between cabinet instability and political performance in parliamentary democracies. I develop two theoretical arguments about how cabinet instability should affect government effectiveness, and I use these to define several measures of instability. The first argument suggests that instability in the partisan composition of cabinets should make it difficult for governments to adopt and implement new policy programs. The second argument suggests that instability in the partisan control of portfolios within the government (portfolio volatility) should make it difficult for cabinet ministers to obtain relevant information during policy formulation and implementation. I test both arguments by examining the short- and long-run effect of the instability variables on success at health care cost containment. The analysis indicates that short-run increases in portfolio volatility present problems for government decision makers, but in the long run, unstable systems are able to address the problem that instability poses.
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Modlin, Steve, and LaShonda M. Stewart. "Determining county government fiscal instability: Independent audit report findings and the prompting of state action." Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management 26, no. 3 (2014): 405–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbafm-26-03-2014-b002.
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Decreasing revenues among local governments across the country have placed an increased focus on governmental financial practices. For states with local government financial oversight organizations, the ratios and other benchmarks used to assess fiscal stability face increased scrutiny. This study examines financial reports sent to North Carolina’s financial oversight body, the Local Government Commission (LGC), to determine the types of operational and policy practices that can lead to fiscal stress based on guidelines established by the LGC. Findings indicate that lowering levels of fund balance, increased salaries, increased debt service levels, and the presence of a countywide water system all increased the probability of a county government receiving notice of potential financing problems requiring immediate action.
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Grøn, Caroline Howard, and Heidi Houlberg Salomonsen. "Political instability and the ability of local government to respond to reputational threats in unison." International Review of Administrative Sciences 85, no. 3 (2017): 440–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852317714533.
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This article investigates whether local governments are able to act in a unified manner when responding to reputational threats posed by negative media coverage. Based on an argument that local governments facing political instability are less able to perform in unison, the article investigates a number of expectations, including various types of political instability (council, agenda and policy area instability) and their relation to different types of responses to negative media coverage from the political and administrative actors (communication behaviour, responsibility and blame-avoidant behaviour, and sanctioning behaviour). The article finds such relationships for some of these aspects. The analysis also indicates that the reputational history of a local government is related to the degree of unified behaviour. The empirical analysis is primarily based on a survey sent to all Danish public managers in the three upper levels of the local government hierarchy. Point for practitioners Reputation management has become an area for strategic management in the public sector, not least in local governments. This article demonstrates that public managers need to pay attention to the degree of political instability characterizing their local governments when dealing with reputational threats. If the local government is characterized by political instability, the need to address potential disagreements between administrative and political actors becomes vital. Furthermore, public managers need to take into account the reputational history of their organization as it may challenge the ability to coordinate a unified response across the political and administrative leadership during reputational threats.
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Mashinini, Vusi. "Electoral Geography and Community: Whither Coalition Governments in Lesotho?" Middle Eastern Journal of Research in Education and Social Sciences 1, no. 2 (2020): 167–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.47631/mejress.v1i2.83.
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Purpose: The aim of this research study is to address the nature, prospects and challenges of coalition governments and their impacts on the community in Lesotho Approach/Methodology/Design: This paper uses desk top methodology and employs a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis technique to address the nature, prospects and challenges of coalition governments and their impacts on the community in Lesotho. Research questions that guide this study are what prompt coalition governments in Lesotho? How do coalition governments operate in Lesotho? What are the prospects and challenges of coalition governments on the government, governance, lives and livelihoods of the communities in Lesotho? What might be a sustainable democratic coalition government option in Lesotho going forward? Findings: The hypothesis of the paper is that coalition governments promote instability of government and poor governance for the Basotho. The results show that prospects for coalition governments are inclusive democracy, while challenges are community exclusion, poor service delivery, extravagant public expenditure and government instability. Practical Implications: The article provides a detailed analysis of the impact of coalition governments on the community. Originality/value: The major findings and conclusion of the paper is that coalition governments have prompted cooperation among former rival parties to form one coalition government at different times; but they have had a negative impact on the Basotho community as a whole and benefited only a minority aligned to some of the major coalition parties under different coalition regimes.
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Melo, Marcus André. "Institutional Weakness and the Puzzle of Argentina's Low Taxation." Latin American Politics and Society 49, no. 04 (2007): 115–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2007.tb00394.x.
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AbstractCurrent explanations of taxation levels have identified a host of factors, such as levels of economic development and GDP per capita, tax handles, tax morale, and political regimes. But none of them can account for Argentina's exceptionalism. Using a “transaction cost politics” approach and the case of Brazil for comparison, this article argues that the key to explaining low taxation in Argentina is political instability. Systemic instability affects the tax behavior of governments. Facing an uncertain future, incumbent governments choose to extract resources from society through inflation rather than normal taxation. This article argues that political institutions, particularly federalism, contribute to instability and thereby reduce the discount rates of government policymakers.
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Grochová, Ladislava, and Luděk Kouba. "Political instability and economic growth: an empirical evidence from the Baltic states." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59, no. 2 (2011): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159020081.
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For more than last 20 decades, new political economics has been dealing with theories of economic growth (for example influential contributions by Mancur Olson, Dani Rodrik). However, less attention has been paid to their empirical verification. The new political economics growth theory defines some factors that are necessary for economic growth among which political stability. Our aim is to test the theory focused on political stability empirically in order to enrich the studies with recent European results. The paper uses a single-equation model to reject a hypothesis that political stability is a necessary condition for economic growth finding a relationship between economic growth and political instability. A demonstration that political stability is not a crucial factor for economic development in general then represents the main goal of the contribution. There are distinguished two types of political instability – elite and non-elite – in topical literature. While non-elite political instability concerns about violent coups, riots or civil wars, elite political instability is represented with “soft changes” such as government breakdowns, fragile majority or minority governments. A number of government changes is used as a proxy of elite political instability. The disproof of the hypothesis is demonstrated on data from the Baltic states where number of government changes takes place and still fast economic growth could be seen within last two decades. Since it is shown that political instability has almost no impact on economic growth, we consider the hypothesis regarding a necessity of political stability for economic development to be only a specific non-generalizable case.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Government instability"
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Tajik, Mohammad. "Banking instability : causes and remedies." Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/10667.
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The recent U.S. subprime mortgage crisis rapidly spread throughout the world and put the global financial system under extraordinary pressure. The main implication of the recent crisis is that complex banking regulations failed to adequately identify and limit riskiness of banking systems at both domestic and international levels. In spite of a large empirical literature on the causes and remedies of the recent crisis, there remains substantial uncertainty on (i) how risk measuring models performed during crisis, (ii) how systematic factors such as house prices affected the financial system, and (iii) how effectively government policy responses resolved the financial crisis. This thesis seeks to narrow this gap in the literature by offering three empirical essays. The first essay investigates the performance of alternative parametric VaR models in forecasting riskiness of international equity portfolios. Notably, alternative univariate VaR models are compared to multivariate conditional volatility models with special focus given to conditional correlation models. Conditional correlation models include the constant conditional correlation (CCC), dynamic conditional correlation (DCC), and asymmetric DCC (ADCC) models. Various criteria are then applied for backtesting VaR models and to evaluate their one-day-ahead forecasting ability in a wide range of countries and during different global financial conditions. It is found that most VaR models have satisfactory performance with small number of violations during pre-crisis period. However, the number of violations, mean deviation of violations, and maximum deviation of violations dramatically increase during crisis period. Furthermore, portfolio models incur lower number of violations compared to univariate models while DCC and ADCC models perform better than CCC models during crisis period. From risk management perspective, most single index models fail to pass Basel criteria for internal VaR models during crisis period, whereas empirical evidence on the choice between CCC, DCC, and ADCC models is mixed. The recent crisis also raised serious concerns about factors that can systematically destabilise the whole banking system. In particular, the collapse of house prices in the United States triggered the recent subprime mortgage crisis, which was associated with a sharp increase in the number of nonperforming loans and bank failures. This in turn demonstrates the key role that house prices play in systematically undermining the whole banking system. The second essay investigates the determinants of nonperforming loans (NPL) with a special focus on house price fluctuations as a key systematic factor. Using a panel of U.S. banking institutions from 1999 to 2012, the analysis is carried out across different loan categories, different types of banks, and different bank size. It is found that house price fluctuations have a significant impact on the evolution of nonperforming loans, while the magnitude of their impact varies across loan categories, institution types, and between large and small banks. Also, the impact of house price fluctuations on nonperforming loans is more pronounced during crisis period. The last essay of this thesis investigates the effectiveness of the U.S. government strategy to combat the crisis. As a comprehensive response to the recent financial crisis, the US government created the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP). The Capital Purchase Program (CPP) was launched as an initial program under the TARP. The CPP was designed to purchase preferred stocks or equity warrants from viable financial institutions. Using a large panel of the U.S. commercial banks over the period 2007Q1 to 2012Q4, survival analysis is used to investigate the impact of TARP funds on the likelihood of survival in the recipient banks. It is found that larger recipient banks are more likely to avoid regulatory closure, while receiving capital assistance does not effectively help banks to avoid technical failure. This implies that governmental capital assistance serves larger banks much better than their smaller counterparts. In addition, TARP recipients are more likely to be acquired, regardless of their size and financial health. In summary, the empirical findings reveal that capital infusions do not enhance the survival likelihood of the recipient banking institutions.
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Khurshid, Kamran. "Instability in presidential and parliamentary systems : the cases of Costa Rica and Pakistan." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 1999. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/66.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.<br>Bachelors<br>Arts and Sciences<br>Political Science
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Annan, David. "Effects of political instability in development in South Sudan." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020190.
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The signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) between the Republic of Sudan represented by the National Congress Party (NCP) and the SPLM (Sudan People’s Liberation Movement) which represented the people of the Southern part of Sudan in January 2005 ushered in a rare era of peace and hope for the rebuilding and construction of the war ravaged South Sudan. Coupled with the attainment of Independence for South Sudan through an internationally supervised referendum in January 2011, the objectives of years of struggle by the people of the formerly semi-autonomous region were completed. From 2005 until after the independence of South Sudan however, a period that initially was marked by huge euphoria and broad based anticipation of development boom, the support from both local and international actors for the struggle and the plight of the people of South Sudan is waning and at worst has now turned into despair and hopelessness. After attaining independence in 2011, the highest party organ, the Political Bureau decided to remove candidates who were popularly voted by their constituents and replaced them with their cronies, leading to mass exodus of cadres from the party. On top of that, the wide believe that the elections were rigged for SPLM candidates at the expense of the Independent candidates led to another wave of exodus and open rebellion by many veteran cadres of the movement. Today, these rebellions coupled with some complex problematic societal issues are major concern and a source of political instability and violence in some parts of the country. Secondly, the hasty process of the Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) campaign, which in some cases were forcefully done left some communities exposed and venerable to attacks by rival communities. This continue to exacerbate and ignite tribal hatred, tension and stereotypes between communities especially in the traditionally volatile parts of the country that are known for cattle rustling and tribal rivalry as a form of cultural practice. Unresolved post secession issues within the SPLM had resulted to political instability and violence thus having negative economic consequences for South Sudan and all the gains the country had made in the past few years vanished after December 15 2013 political upheaval. This thesis will examine the effects of these mentioned complex political instability and economic dilemma South Sudan is being confronted with in the face of the fact that it is still in the process of nation building having attained its Independence only in July 2011.
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Walther, Daniel. "Till death do us part : a comparative study of government instability in 28 European democracies." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-133482.
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This thesis is rooted in the research tradition known as coalition politics, where governments, political parties and political institutions are the central focus. The main emphasis here is on government instability and the question of why governments in modern parliamentary democracies often come to an end before the next regular election. In five distinct but interrelated papers, the thesis explores the issue of early government termination and how it is affected by public support, economic developments and the functioning of the state apparatus. The studies included in this thesis generally take a quantitative approach and make use of a dataset that contains 640 governments in 29 European democracies. Their joint goal is to improve our understanding of when early termination happens by introducing and testing new explanatory factors as well as by improving how previously identified factors are modelled. The first paper focuses on Central and Eastern Europe. It shows that the stability of governments in that region is affected by slightly different factors than those that impact on governments in Western Europe. In particular, ideological factors and political institutions are found to be less important in Central and Eastern Europe while the formal power basis of the government and the country’s economic performance matter more. In the second paper, co-authored with Professor Torbjörn Bergman, the state is brought into government stability research. The paper shows that countries with a lower quality of governance and a less efficient public sector have less stable governments. This is mainly because government parties struggle to achieve their policy goals when the state apparatus is inefficient and corrupt. Paper 3, co-written with Associate Professor Johan Hellström, looks at how different types of governments respond to economic challenges. In particular, this paper demonstrates that the same changes in economic circumstances (e.g. increases in unemployment or inflation) have different effects on cabinet stability depending on which type of government is in charge. Single party governments are better equipped to deal with economic changes, because they are better positioned to devise new policy responses without having to compromise with other parties. Coalition governments, in contrast, become significantly more likely to terminate early when the economy takes a turn for the worse. Finally, over the course of two papers I first explore new techniques for analysing polling data and then use them to empirically test whether governments sometimes choose termination as a way to cope with bad poll numbers. Most of the existing techniques for pooling polls and forecasting elections were explicitly designed with two party systems in mind. In Paper 4, I test some of these techniques to determine their usefulness in complex, multiparty systems, and I develop some improvements that enable us to take advantage of more of the information in the data. In the final paper, I combine the two themes of polling and government stability by looking at how changes in government popularity affect the likelihood of premature dissolution. I find that governments, particularly single party governments, do, in fact, use terminations as a strategic response to changes in their popularity among the public. When support is high, governments tend to opportunistically call an early election, whereas they tend to abandon or reshuffle the government when support is low.
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Hristoulas, Athanasios. "Domestic instability, government popularity and the causes of international conflict : a new look at diversion theory." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40141.
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One of the most perplexing issues for students of politics is the proper role of externalization in accounting for interstate conflict. This process, which connects events at the domestic and international levels, also has been referred to as conflict linkage, conflict and cohesion, diversion and projection. The diverse terminology is fitting, because the pursuit by national elites of internal cohesion through external conflict is anything but a matter of consensus among scholars.<br>The present investigation will seek a more precise delineation of causes and effects. Following a review of the research program on conflict linkage, a reformulated model of externalization will be presented. Propositions will be derived from the model. Data pertaining to the experiences of the United States, the United Kingdom, and France at the domestic level and in international crises during the post-World War II era will be used to evaluate the propositions. These results will be in turn compared to the more traditional explanation on the causes of international conflict; namely, theories derived from the Realist perspective. The study then concludes with some recommendations for further research on the linkage of domestic and foreign conflict.
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Mansour, Imad. "The domestic sources of regional orders : explaining instability in the Middle East." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115631.
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This dissertation addresses the puzzle as to why some regions in the world are engulfed in militarized disputes among member states, while other regions live under peaceful conditions. It argues that domestic regime-societal management strategies have significant explanatory value to understand variance in regional orders. These domestic factors have largely been ignored in International Relations (IR) literature. A domestic politics-based analytical framework explains how states with inclusionary governing regimes (those which account for the interests of societal actors in policy formulation and consequently give them stakes in the survival of the regime) are more likely to move the regional order towards stability. On the other hand, states with exclusionary regimes (those which do not account for the interests of societal actors in policy formulation and consequently do not give them stakes in the survival of the regime) are more likely to push the regional order toward instability.<br>The dissertation also addresses a frequently underexposed dimension of IR theory: exactly how do major powers influence regional orders? It argues that major powers penetrate regional states in support of either societal actors or regimes (and sometimes both). In that process major powers help alter the power asymmetries inside regional states affecting their preferences and strategies, and hence their behaviour towards the regional order.<br>The analytical framework is used to explain variations in Middle East regional orders through four paired comparisons of six states: Israel-Egypt, Israel-Turkey, Israel-Syria, and Iran-Saudi Arabia. The time frame under study is from 1950 to 2000. The change in the Middle East regional order post-1990 did not correspond in magnitude to the change in the international system, adding credibility to this framework which prioritizes domestic level variables in shaping regional orders.
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Young, Greven Rebecca. "An Analysis of State Building: The Relationship between Pashtun 'Para-State' Institutions and Political Instability in Afghanistan." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5158.
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This study arose from the desire to research the effectiveness of state building policies in Afghanistan. In order to address this topic, I review state building literature and find that state building literature focuses largely on the processes of democratization instead of institution building. In the second part of this dissertation I conduct a comparative case study of Afghanistan during the Soviet and Taliban eras to study the relationship between Pashtun `para-state' institutions (PSI's) and levels of political instability. I hypothesize that Pashtun PSI's compete with central state institutions for popular support thus increasing political instability and reducing state institutional effectiveness. I then conduct process-tracing to study hypothesized causal mechanisms that link Pashtun PSI's and political instability. I find that during the Soviet era, areas with Pashtun PSI's exhibited higher levels of political instability than areas without the presence of Pashtun PSI's. However, during the Taliban era, the results were negatively correlated and southern Afghanistan exhibited reduced levels of political instability. The causal mechanisms of `violence against the government' and `support to the local populace' were present in both cases although the introduction of the variables is different in both cases. This research is foundational in clarifying state building literature. Additionally, this study of Afghanistan moves academic literature towards establishing appropriate measures of effectiveness specific to institution building, which is imperative in assessing the success of future and past state building policies.
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Lindgren, Stina. "Coalition formation during turbulence : A large-n study examining the effects of economic and political instability on government-coalition formation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-430607.
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This thesis examines the effects of economic and political turbulence on coalition-formation across 37 EU and OECD democracies. Utilizing the existing potential-coalitions research, it analyzes how increases in turbulence affect common variables predicted to determine which coalitions are chosen of all potential cabinets following an election. These variables drawn from the coalition-formation field are examined using a conditional logit regression model with interaction effects, and results indicate that both political and economic turbulence highly affect the way coalition formation is carried out, although the effects of the two turbulence types vary. During economic turbulence larger coalitions appear to be warranted, although results simultaneously suggest that ideological cohesion is hard to achieve during turbulent times. During political turbulence, instead, results suggest ideologically wide coalitions are more common but that minority cabinets are still more likely to appear. Despite the varying results, this analysis finds support that coalition formation is greatly affected by both economic and political turbulence. While the effects of some coalition-formation variables utilized by previous researchers appear to withstand the addition of turbulence, other effects change greatly when levels of instability are considered.
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Baatjes, Mario Ricardo. "Insulating municipal administration from instability caused by coalitions: a case study of the Western Cape." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5430_1365583476.
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<p>Instability in the administration of municipalities is a particularly serious problem in the Western Cape because of its large number of coalition councils. Coalitions have led to<br />
frequent changes in local governance and to constant changes in political and administrative leadership. Due to the fluidity in local government, the politics of the day have become synonymous with back-stabbing, secret agreements and arrangements between politicians and political parties wishing to align themselves in such a way as to gain control of the councils.1 A municipality is required by the Constitution2 to structure and manage its administration and budgets, budgeting and planning processes so as to give priority to the basic needs of the community and to promote the social and economic development of the community.3 Legislation further prescribes that &ldquo<br>a municipality must within its administrative and financial capacity establish and organize its administration in a manner that would enable the municipality to establish clear relationships, facilitate coordination, cooperation and communication between (i) its political structures and political office bearers and its administration<br>(ii) its political structures, political office bearers and administration and the local community&rdquo<br>.4 It may therefore be argued that a municipality subscribing to the abovementioned prescripts should be functioning effectively. However, in practice continuous administrative and political instability adversely impacts on a municipalityâs capacity to provide service delivery to the community. The 2006 local government elections resulted in only four out of 30 municipalities in the Western Cape having a single party with more than 50% of the seats (outright majority). The remaining 26 municipalities were governed by coalitions of two or more parties. In 2001, Parliament introduced floor-crossing legislation which allowed Members of Parliament, Members of Provincial Legislatures and local government councillors to change their political party (or form a new party) and retains their seats when they did so.5 As a result of the 2007 floor-crossing legislation, the number of municipalities with an outright majority increased to 7. Power changes continued to occur even after the 2007 floor-crossing as a result of by-election outcomes or new internal coalition arrangements. Coalition government in the Western Cape remains a reality following the 18 May 2011 local government elections: the Democratic Alliance won 12 municipalities outright, the African National Congress won 1, and in 12 municipalities there was no outright winner. Of the 12 last-mentioned municipalities, 7 municipalities produced hung municipalities, i.e. Bitou, Witzenberg, Laingsburg, Hessequa, Theewaterskloof, Matzikama and Prince Albert.</p>
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Yan, Wenli. "THE IMPACT OF REVENUE DIVERSIFICATION AND ECONOMIC BASE ON REVENUE STABILITY: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF COUNTY AND STATE GOVERNMENTS." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10225/888.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Kentucky, 2008.<br>Title from document title page (viewed on October 30, 2008). Document formatted into pages; contains: ix, 85 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-84).
Books on the topic "Government instability"
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Pyne, Peter. Political instability in Ecuador. University of Glasgow, Institute of Latin American Studies, 1992.
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Karugire, Samwiri Rubaraza. Roots of instability in Uganda. 2nd ed. Fountain Publishers, 1996.
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Jaworsky, Ivan. Ukraine: Stability and instability. Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, 1995.
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Jaworsky, Ivan. Ukraine, stability and instability. Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, 1995.
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Jaworsky, Ivan. Ukraine, stability and instability. Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, 1995.
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Strategic Foresight Group (Bombay, India) and International Centre for Peace Initiatives., eds. Shifting sands: Instability in undefined Asia. Strategic Foresight Group, 2003.
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Karugire, Samwire Rubaraza. The roots of instability in Uganda. New Vision Print. and Pub. Corp., 1988.
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D, Jones Bryan, ed. Agendas and instability in American politics. 2nd ed. The University of Chicago Press, 2009.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Government instability"
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Ruin, O. "Sweden: From Stability to Instability?" In Party and Government. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24788-2_4.
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Betz, Frederick. "Dynamics of Government Fiscal Instability." In Stability in International Finance. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26760-9_3.
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Vonasek, Joseph. "Pensions and Local Government Fiscal Instability." In Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_2856-1.
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Vonasek, Joseph. "Pensions and Local Government Fiscal Instability." In Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20928-9_2856.
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Ashley, Shena R. "Inherent System Dynamics of Instability and Resilience in Nonprofit Human Services." In Local Government Budget Stabilization. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15186-1_10.
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Karvonen, Lauri, and Sven Quenter. "Electoral Systems, Party System Fragmentation and Government Instability." In Authoritarianism and Democracy in Europe, 1919–39. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403914231_8.
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Thompson, James R., and Robert Seidner. "Human Resource Management in the Federal Government During a Time of Instability." In Public Human Resource Management: Problems and Prospects. CQ Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781483395982.n4.
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Walsh, Dawn. "Bosnia and Herzegovina: Ethnic Entities in a Multi-ethnic State? Instability and Disputed Interpretations of the State." In Territorial Self-Government as a Conflict Management Tool. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77234-9_3.
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Lawes, Kim. "Ireland, Distress and Social Instability: Sadler Endeavours to Direct the Government ‘to a Better Policy’." In Paternalism and Politics. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403919618_6.
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Clementi, Marco. "Domestic Constraints, Governmental Instability and Italian Foreign Policy." In Perspectives in Business Culture. Springer Milan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2568-4_15.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Government instability"
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Jain, Ankit, Ahmad Ehteshamul Islam, and Muhammad Ashraful Alam. "A Theoretical Study of Negative Bias Temperature Instability in p-Type NEMFET." In 2010 18th Biennial University/ Government/Industry Micro/Nano Symposium (UGIM). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ugim.2010.5508940.
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Fung, Henry T. Y. "Impacts of the socio-political instability in Hong Kong on university students’ learning experience." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.12834.
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Since the Anti-Extradition Law Social Movement in 2019, Hong Kong has entered an era of socio-political instability. The conflict between student protestants and the government has become increasingly intense, whereas several universities even became the battlefield of the protest and were abruptly shut down in November 2019. To add fuel to the fire, the outbreak of COVID-19 in early 2020 has prompted all universities in the territory to suspend all face-to-face classes and activities for two semesters. All these have impacted university students in Hong Kong socially, academically and psychologically.In light of this, this study aims to explore the ways to which the learning experience of university students in Hong Kong have been impacted by the socio-political challenges. Through conducting a mixed-methods study at a public university in Hong Kong, it was found that university have a high perceived level of stress, high political involvements, unsatisfactory learning experience and poor learning motivation under this socio-political instability. It is hoped that this study can provide informed insights for teachers to understand students’ burdens, stresses, and emotional instability associated with socio-political unrest.
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Almula-dhanoon, Mufeed. "Nexus Between Political Stability and Economic Growth– Evidence from Middle East Countries." In 3rd International Conference on Administrative & Financial Sciences. Cihan University - Erbil, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/afs2020/paper.283.
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There is much research that has discussed the relationship between political stability and economic growth, but only a few have attempted to explore the causal relationship between them. This paper aims to examine the causative relations between political instability (measured by the government stability index), and economic growth for fourteen countries in the Middle East for the period 1984-2017. The methodology based on the application of Granger Toda-Yamamoto (T-Y) method for the purpose of analyzing the causal relationship between the two variables. The empirical results show that there is no evident on causal relation between political stability and economic growth.
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Chamorro Ruíz, Mayelis, Julián Fernando Chaves, Jaime Hernán Aristizábal Ceballos, María Isabel Montoya, María José Henao Padilla, and Nestor Castro Villamarín. "Importance of Monitoring Third-Party Actions in the Management of the Threat and Risk Posed by Climate and External Forces." In ASME 2015 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2015-8557.
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The major events involving geotechnical instability that have affected the operation of the hydrocarbon-transfer systems maintained by VIT-Ecopetrol in recent years indicate the importance of managing — in conjunction with the local authorities, the communities, and other stakeholders — policies regarding appropriate land use on and near the rights-of-way (ROWs). With a view toward ensuring ongoing operations that are in harmony with the environment, VIT-Ecopetrol has been implementing strategies for working with the Colombian government toward the development of scenarios involving shared responsibility for risk management. These scenarios include the harmonization of regional land-use planning with the presence of the hydrocarbon-transport infrastructure; the preparation of emergency plans; and the mitigation of slope-instability events associated with intense deforestation, uncontrolled urban expansion, and other significant changes in land use. This paper describes the advances that have been made in monitoring the actions of third parties in connection with the management of the threat and risk posed by climate and external forces, based on an analysis of the development of the region and its interaction with areas of geotechnical interest.
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Ivanova, Oksana Evgenevna, and Natalia Valentinovna Parkhomenko. "Role of Municipal Finances in Modern Economy." In All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation. Publishing house Sreda, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-97506.
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Currently, Russia is undergoing transformational processes that require a revision of the understanding of the nature and role of municipal Finance in the modern economy. The article presents the definitional certainty of the category "municipal Finance", scientific approaches to the structure and composition of municipal Finance, sources of financial resources of the municipality, as well as elements of municipal Finance. It is concluded that the role of municipal Finance in the modern economy is predetermined by the challenges associated with economic instability, budget deficit, on the other hand, the prerequisites for revising the current approach associated with expanding the understanding of the role of the population, local self-government bodies in the process of economic development of territories
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Ivan, Lucian. "Management of Covid-19 Crisis at the Level of Defence Industry." In International Conference Innovative Business Management & Global Entrepreneurship. LUMEN Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/ibmage2020/21.
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According to estimates and analyses by the international community of economic analysts, the medical crisis generated by the Covid-19 pandemic will induce a major economic and financial crisis worldwide which, in conjunction with the current geopolitical situation, characterized by a high degree of uncertainty (e.g. strategic economic confrontation between the US and China, the position of force adopted by the Russian Federation), will affect production and supply chains, amplify the phenomenon of the adoption of trade policies of a protectionist nature, and, indirectly, will significantly affect national defense budgets. In this fluid geopolitical context, characterized by insecurity and systemic instability, a strategic rethink and recalibration of defence policies can be predicted in a new context, defined by the multipolar competition and the asymmetry of geopolitical geometry, the conflict between civilizational models (competition between democracy vs. autocratic/totalitarian political regimes), to the detriment of regional and international collective security arrangements. Changing government priorities generated by the pandemic crisis generated by Covid-19 may lead to a reduction in budgets for military endowment programs. Most governments allocate about 2% of GDP annually to the defence sector. Given the pandemic generated by Covid-19, there is a risk that some states will significantly reduce the budget allocated to the defence industry in order to increase the budgets for health systems, given the need to expand hospitals, as well as the purchase of medical equipment and services. In Romania, the topic of tools and opportunities that may be able to ensure the improvement of the effects and overcoming the economic crisis is currently being discussed through active economic measures, including in the field of the defence industry. In Romania, however, the path from debate to public policy and strategy assumed and applied is traditionally long and hard, requiring more pragmatism in addressing strategic economic issues.
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Salimi Naneh Karan, Farshad, and Subhadeep Chakraborty. "Detecting Behavioral Anomaly in Social Networks Using Symbolic Dynamic Filtering." In ASME 2015 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2015-9643.
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This paper investigates the use of Symbolic Dynamic Filtering (SDF) algorithms in detecting anomalous behavior trends in social networks. Data is generated from an agent-based discrete choice model, which relies on a Markov Decision Process framework for stochastic simulation of decision-making in a social setting, where choices and decisions by individuals are influenced by social interactions. We show that such collective imitative behavior leads to rapid unstable fluctuations in the society, the fluctuation statistics being a weak function of the number of extremist nodes present in the network as well as the prevailing political climate. In this paper, using a time-trace of global opinions in the said society, we investigate the effectiveness of SDF in estimating the number of extremist nodes in a network, and studying the role of unpopular government policies as an enabler of political instability. Spread of influence and ‘recruiting’ by extremist groups through social networks has become an important political issue in recent years. This study is a step in the direction of building tools to preempt and intervene such efforts.
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Karluk, S. Rıdvan. "Effects of Global Economic Crisis on Kyrgyzstan Economy and Developments in Economic Relations between Turkey and Kyrgyzstan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00239.
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The global crisis which started in September 2008 adversely affected many global economies and also Kyrgyzstan economy. Kyrgyzstan economy which declined and experienced a severe recession in 2009 due to the crisis started recovering from the adverse effects of the crisis after 2010. What lie beneath this positive development is increased foreign exchange revenues abroad and vigor experienced in construction industry and industrial production. The recovery experienced in economies of Russia and neighbor Kazakhstan resulted in increased exports and thus increased revenues in foreign currencies obtained from foreign countries. The political disturbances experienced in Bishkek in April 2011 and ethnic conflicts experienced in southern Kyrgyzstan in June 2011, created an adverse effect on the economy. The crisis resulted in degradation of investment environment, adversely influenced the foreign investments and increased the current account deficit. These developments adversely influenced the banking sector too. The government attempted to diminish effects of the crisis through financial incentives. The budget deficit emerged as a result of crisis was attempted to be closed through support secured from International Monetary Fund (IMF). IMF, World Bank and Asian Development Bank lent great support to invigorating Kyrgyzstan economy after events of April and July. According to IMF, if political instability goes on in Kyrgyzstan in medium and long term, economic problems shall continue. Uncertainties in banking sector are amongst the main factors which increase the economic risks. Recovery of Kyrgyzstan economy is dependent on medium term financial policy measures to be applied to the economy and balancing the foreign trade.
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Uslu, Kamil. "Strategic Resource Oil and Terror Relationship." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c12.02428.
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The September 11 events provided an opportunity for the US administration, initiating strong policies to better understand the region. It also reminded the world of America's political-military control capacity. The terrorist attacks on September 11 were not a real surprise. Indeed, 9/11 looked like the wild fantasies they needed to justify a new military role developed by American strategic analysts and military and intelligence planners. Terrorism is intended to intimidate or coerce individuals, societies or governments by a person or an organized group with the threat of threat or use of force. Terrorism is an illegal act, usually for ideological or political reasons. Oil is not an object, but also contains many positives and negatives. Turkey is a neighbor with its geopolitical position as the world's proven oil and natural gas reserves, with three-quarters of the country. It takes part in many important projects, including a natural "Energy Center" between the energy-rich Caspian, Central Asian, Middle Eastern countries and consumer markets in Europe. It supports these projects. As long as the strategic resource, oil and scarce brand are available, terrorism will not end. political instability in the oil belt of countries in the immediate vicinity of Turkey brings many disadvantages. This situation also adversely affect the Turkish economy, itself non-threatening terrorism and conflict of interest due to the large states to support terrorism in Turkey has led to more cautious.
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Bedir, Serap, and Arzu Tural Dikmen. "Fiscal Deficit and Inflation: New Evidences from Turkey Using a Bounds Testing Approach." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.00915.
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A well-established theory in macroeconomics is that governments running persistent deficits have sooner or later to finance those deficits with money creation, thus producing inflation. The fiscal view of inflation has been especially prominent in the developing country literature, which has long recognized that less efficient tax collection, political instability, and more limited access to external borrowing tend to lower the relative cost of seigniorage and increase dependence on the inflation tax. For this reason, the main factors which affecting inflation rate in developing countries are extremely important for policy makers as when the causes of inflation are correctly specified the appropriate policy change can be easily diagnosed and effectively implemented. The purpose of this study is to test the empirical relationship between inflation and the budget deficit for the Turkish economy by an autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) analysis for the period 1970–2010. The data is taken from Republic of Turkey Ministry of Development and World Bank’s Database. The empirical findings indicates that fiscal deficit is one of the important variables of the price level along with other variables like interest rates, exchange rate, per capita income, trade of GDP. The short-run analysis captured from error correction model (ECM). The results of the bounds test suggest that there is a long run relationship between fiscal deficit and inflation. These findings drive important inferences for implications of monetary and fiscal policies.
Reports on the topic "Government instability"
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Chawla, Ambika. Climate-Induced Migration and Instability: The Role of City Governments. One Earth Future Foundation, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18289/oef.2017.016.
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Iffat, Idris. Trends in Conflict and Stability in the Indo-Pacific. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.009.
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This report looks at trends in conflict and instability in the Indo-Pacific region, focusing on climate change effects and a number of civil liberties. The Indo-Pacific region is both highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change and already facing significant security risks and challenges, many of which will be exacerbated by the impact of climate change. There are notable increases in resource-based conflicts, migration-induced violence, and armed insurgencies. The countries reviewed all show worrying trends in terms of erosion of freedom of expression, media freedom, freedom of belief, and civil society freedom. The situation in Bangladesh and India is particularly serious and is already fuelling violence and conflict. The two themes on which the Emerging Issues Report (EIR) focuses are (i) climate change and (ii) guarding civil space and including all voices. The EIR examines these two themes in five Indo-Pacific countries: Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand. These were chosen to give a broad range of situations and challenges/risks from the region. Note that this EIR is confined to an assessment of conflict risks and does not examine measures being taken by the government or others to address these.
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Ochiltree, Kasey, and Iulia Andreea Toma. Gender Analysis of the Impact of Recent Humanitarian Crises on Women, Men, Girls, and Boys in Puntland State in Somalia. Oxfam, KAALO, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7482.
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Situated in a complex region of the world, Puntland State in Somalia is dealing with a range of threats and instabilities such as droughts, floods, locusts, the movement of internally displaced people (IDPs), and armed actors. COVID-19 has added yet another strain on its tremendously fragile infrastructure. The impact of the pandemic has been far reaching, affecting livelihoods and hampering unpaid and underpaid care work and responsibilities. The multitude of crises and rates of inflation have left the majority of families food insecure and without income, halted education and health services, and exacerbated existing vulnerabilities and the incidence of violence. This gender analysis was conducted and funded by the German Federal Foreign Office (GFFO), in partnership with Oxfam in Somalia and KAALO, to better help local government bodies, agencies, NGOs, and INGOs grasp the differentiated impact of the crises on women, men, boys, and girls, and host and IDP communities, during this time of intense loss and instability. The analysis provides an overview of the experiences of the affected communities, and gives recommendations on how to address immediate concerns and plan future programming.
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Herbert, Sian. Covid-19, Conflict, and Governance Evidence Summary No.29. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.020.
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This fortnightly Covid-19, Conflict, and Governance Evidence Summary aims to signpost the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) and other UK government departments to the latest evidence and opinions on Covid-19 (C19), to inform and support their responses. Based on feedback from the recent survey, and analysis by the Xcept project, this edition, as a trial, focusses less on the challenges that C19 poses, and more on more on the policy responses to these challenges. The below summary features resources on legislative leadership during the C19 crisis; and the heightening of risks emanating from C19’s indirect impacts – including non-C19 healthcare, economy and food security, and women and girls and unrest and instability. Many of the core C19 themes continue to be covered this week, including anti-corruption approaches; and whether and how C19 is shaping conflict dynamics (this time with articles focussing on Northwestern Nigeria, Myanmar’s Rakhine State, and the Middle East). The summary uses two main sections – (1) literature: – this includes policy papers, academic articles, and long-form articles that go deeper than the typical blog; and (2) blogs & news articles. It is the result of one day of work and is thus indicative but not comprehensive of all issues or publications.
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Charting Violent Extremism Research Priorities in North Africa and the Sahel 2018. RESOLVE Network, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/rp2021.1.lcb.
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As the socio-political dynamics of conflict and insecurity continue to evolve across North Africa and the Sahel, efforts to prioritize the exploration of ongoing and emerging violent extremist trends remain important. For decades, violent conflict, poor resource management, environmental change, and weak governments (through lack of institutional capacity or by predatory elite design) have contributed to cycles of instability and state fragility. Violent extremist organizations such as Boko Haram, al-Qaeda, and the self-proclaimed Islamic State and its affiliates have benefited from this instability. As the groups, tactics, and contexts continue to change, greater attention to ongoing and emerging threats to peace and stability in the region is needed. In 2018, the RESOLVE Network convened over 30 global, regional, and local researchers, practitioners and policymakers with varied expertise in local governance, development, and the preventing and countering violent extremism (P/CVE) research landscape in the Lake Chad Basin and regional proximity. The topics identified here reflect participants’ collective assessment of current dynamics, expertise, in-depth understanding, and commitment to continued analysis of violent extremism (VE) trends and dynamics in the region.