Journal articles: 'Grades'

1

JANG, JU WON, ARIUN ISHDORJ, DAVID P. ANDERSON, TSENGEG PUREVJAV, and GARLAND DAHLKE. "EXPLORING THE EXISTENCE OF GRADER BIAS IN BEEF GRADING." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 49, no. 3 (May 2, 2017): 467–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aae.2017.9.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) beef grading system plays an important role in marketing and promoting beef. USDA graders inspect beef carcasses and determine a quality grade within a few seconds. Although the graders are well trained, the nature of this grading process may lead to grading errors. Significant differences in the USDA graders’ “called” and “camera-graded” quality grades were observed, as well as variations in quality grades across seasons and years. Under grid pricing, producers gained financially from grades called by USDA graders rather than grades measured by cameras.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Boring, Ronald Laurids. "The Validity of Human and Computerized Writing Assessment." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 7 (September 2005): 759–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504900704.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper summarizes an experiment designed to assess the validity of essay grading between holistic and analytic human graders and a computerized grader based on latent semantic analysis. The validity of the grade was gauged by the extent to which the student's knowledge of the topic correlated with the grader's expert knowledge. To assess knowledge, Pathfinder networks were generated by the student essay writers, the holistic and analytic graders, and the computerized grader. It was found that the computer generated grades more closely matched the definition of valid grading than did human generated grades.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Grzybowski, Andrzej, Piotr Brona, Tomasz Krzywicki, Magdalena Gaca-Wysocka, Arleta Berlińska, and Anna Święch. "Variability of Grading DR Screening Images among Non-Trained Retina Specialists." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 11 (May 31, 2022): 3125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11113125.

Full text

Abstract:

Poland has never had a widespread diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening program and subsequently has no purpose-trained graders and no established grader training scheme. Herein, we compare the performance and variability of three retinal specialists with no additional DR grading training in assessing images from 335 real-life screening encounters and contrast their performance against IDx-DR, a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved DR screening suite. A total of 1501 fundus images from 670 eyes were assessed by each grader with a final grade on a per-eye level. Unanimous agreement between all graders was achieved for 385 eyes, and 110 patients, out of which 98% had a final grade of no DR. Thirty-six patients had final grades higher than mild DR, out of which only two had no grader disagreements regarding severity. A total of 28 eyes underwent adjudication due to complete grader disagreement. Four patients had discordant grades ranging from no DR to severe DR between the human graders and IDx-DR. Retina specialists achieved kappa scores of 0.52, 0.78, and 0.61. Retina specialists had relatively high grader variability and only a modest concordance with IDx-DR results. Focused training and verification are recommended for any potential DR graders before assessing DR screening images.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Pannell, F. Andy, and Linda Hutchison. "Quick Reads: Another Good Idea: Podcasting for Understanding." Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 15, no. 8 (April 2010): 431–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mtms.15.8.0431.

Full text

Abstract:

The sixth graders were in my face. “How'd I do?” “What did I get?” “Do you even have them graded yet?” I had graded their unit tests on operations with fractions, and the results were catastrophic. The class of twenty-four students had a range of 0 points up to a perfect 32 out of 32, with a mean score below 50 percent. How could their grades be so low after we had spent six weeks on this material?

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Yoo, Youngtae, Jaehong Lee, and Jinho Chang. "Distinctive Features of BBB- and BB-Graded Firms Using Earnings Management and Conservatism: Evidence from the Korean Market." Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 17, no. 01 (March 2014): 1450005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091514500052.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this paper is to inform investors of differences in opportunistic behavior between managers of BBB- and BB-graded firms as measured by earnings management and accounting conservatism. Previous studies investigate the gaps between grades and between investment and speculative grades by grouping together the various characteristics of investment and speculative firms, assuming that the incentives to make significant economic changes are homogeneously the same. However, this study demonstrates that this is not the case. Using 1,225 Korean firm-year observations, we identify noteworthy features distinguishing BBB- and BB-graded firms. More specifically, in BBB-graded firms, discretionary accruals (DACC) (a proxy used to represent earnings management) are larger than those in BB-graded firms. As for accounting conservatism, BB-graded firms exhibit a higher degree of conservatism than BBB-graded firms. According to the conventional credit rating scenario, higher-graded firms have fewer DACC and are more conservative in comparison with firms of lower grades. However, the results of this study imply that the reverse is true for firms of grades BBB and BB, which are commonly accepted as straddling the border between investment and speculative grades.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Choi, Han Ol. "A Study on the Characteristics of the Picture Book Preferred by Lower Elementary School Students Examined Through Books Borrowed From the School Library." Education Research Institute 21, no. 4 (November 30, 2023): 183–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.31352/jer.21.4.183.

Full text

Abstract:

This study analyzes the characteristics of picture books preferred by first and second graders, focusing on in-school library loan books of five public elementary schools in Korea. There are four criteria for preference analysis: ‘author’, ‘publisher and publishing year',‘genre',‘theme', and‘painting style'. The subjects of the study were 1,485 lower grades from five elementary schools in four regions, and the data targeted the top 100 picture books that these students borrowed from the school library from 2023.03.02. to 2023.08.31. As a result of the study, the countries preferred by the lower grades were Korea, Japan, the United States, and the United Kingdom in order, and the lower grades tended to prefer picture books with publication years after the 2000s. In addition, picture books with stories were preferred over verse picture books and information picture books, and fantasy stories were especially preferred. Next, the subjects of the lower grade's most preferred picture books were ‘growth’, ‘preference’, and ‘family’. Then 1st and 2nd graders preferred‘artist style' that shows well artist's personality. Research examining the preference for picture books of lower grades can provide a basis for future related research. First, it can be a starting point for research comparing parents and teachers' preferences for picture books with children's preferences within the concept of dual readers, and can provide clues to picture books that school teachers can use in the curriculum. It will also help you understand children's emotions through picture books and understand their level of understanding, emotions, and thoughts about picture books in depth.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Arshad, Hussain, and Yan Jun Qiu. "Evaluation of Local Asphalt Binders under Superpave Specification." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 1509–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.1509.

Full text

Abstract:

Premature rutting due to high temperatures and heavy loads has been a major distress on flexible pavements in Pakistan. One of the main causes of this early rutting is the available asphalt binders, which are still graded by using penetration grading system. The penetration grading system is based on empirical tests and does not link with performance. To improve the quality of the flexible pavement and to avoid the premature rutting the performance based testings were conducting in laboratory. This study evaluated performance graded (PG) binders for use in pavement construction in the country. Five different penetration graded asphalt binder, typically available in the country were graded according to PG system. The performance grades (PG) for all binders were determined based on DSR and BBR results. The two same penetration grades ARL60/70 and NRL 60/70 have different PG grades. The two different penetration grades ARL60/70 and NRL 80/100 have same PG grade. The results show that the local binders are very soft due to which they performed poorly at high temperatures and prone to severe rutting.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Maddison, Ralph, Samantha Marsh, Erica Hinckson, Scott Duncan, Sandra Mandic, Rachael Taylor, and Melody Smith. "Results From New Zealand’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 13, s2 (November 2016): S225—S230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2016-0323.

Full text

Abstract:

Background:In this article, we report the grades for the second New Zealand Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth, which represents a synthesis of available New Zealand evidence across 9 core indicators.Methods:An expert panel of physical activity (PA) researchers collated and reviewed available nationally representative survey data between March and May 2016. In the absence of new data, (2014–2016) regional level data were used to inform the direction of existing grades. Grades were assigned based on the percentage of children and youth meeting each indicator: A is 81% to 100%; B is 61% to 80%; C is 41% to 60%, D is 21% to 40%; F is 0% to 20%; INC is Incomplete data.Results:Overall PA, Active Play, and Government Initiatives were graded B-; Community Environments was graded B; Sport Participation and School Environment received a C+; Sedentary Behaviors and Family/Peer Support were graded C; and Active Travel was graded C-.Conclusions:Overall PA participation was satisfactory for young children but not for youth. The grade for PA decreased slightly from the 2014 report card; however, there was an improvement in grades for built and school environments, which may support regional and national-level initiatives for promoting PA.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Davis, Marsha, Tom Baranowski, Ken Resnicow, Janice Baranowski, Colleen Doyle, Matthew Smith, Dongqing Terry Wang, Amy Yaroch, and David Hebert. "Gimme 5 Fruit and Vegetables for Fun and Health: Process Evaluation." Health Education & Behavior 27, no. 2 (April 2000): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109019810002700203.

Full text

Abstract:

Gimme 5 (Georgia) was a school-based nutrition education effectiveness trial to help fourth- and fifth-grade students eat more fruit, 100% juice, and vegetables (FJV). Process evaluation assessed fidelity of implementation, reach, and use of intervention materials and environmental mediators: teacher training, curriculum delivery, participation in family activities, attendance at evening point-of-purchase grocery store activities, and availability and accessibility of FJV at home. Approximately half of the curriculum activities were implemented in fourth and fifth grades. The lowest proportion completed were those most pertinent to behavior change. Eighty-seven percent of parents reported participating in homework activities with their fourth grader, 66% with fifth graders. Sixty-five percent of parents reported viewing a video with their child in both grades. Ten percent attended evening point-of-purchase grocery store activities. The low level of implementation and modest level of participation in family activities suggest that higher levels of behavior change may have occurred if exposure to the intervention had been higher.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Anya, C. U., I. C. Onyechere, J. I. Chukwu, N. L. Nwakwasi, and F. C. Njoku. "Influence of coarse aggregate grading types on the cost of concrete." Nigerian Journal of Technology 43, no. 2 (July 19, 2024): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v43i2.4.

Full text

Abstract:

The effects of grades of coarse aggregates on the cost of concrete was studied. Several times in real life practice, the engineer at construction site is faced with the problem of not having the required grade of coarse aggregate for a given project. . This could be caused by several reasons such as; non-availability of desired grade, the different grades of coarse aggregate being obtained as a left over from a sister project, etc. In Nigeria, coarse aggregate for concrete is very expensive and thus, the engineer will think of how to use the available grade of coarse aggregate in his concrete mix design to achieve the desired results instead of discarding it. In this study, seven different grades of coarse aggregate were investigated. The fineness modulus of the fine aggregate and bulk densities of the various grades of coarse aggregate were determined. The results were used together with tables from American Concrete Institute (ACI) code to carry out concrete mix design on all the various grades of coarse aggregate to calculate the quantities of the different elements of concrete. From the mix design, the cost of the materials for producing one cubic meter of concrete was determined. The result showed that the Well graded aggregate had the highest bulk density of 1717Kg/m3 while uniformly graded retained on 10mm sieve had the least bulk density of 1580Kg/m3. Uniformly graded aggregate retained on 10mm sieve required the highest cost of N58,278.81 to produce a cubic meter of grade 25 concrete while the cost was least at N56,242.52 when uniformly graded retained on 20mm sieve and Gap-graded without 5mm size were used. This suggests that the larger the size of coarse aggregate (within the size limits studied) the less the cement paste required and hence the less the cost.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Balakrishnan Jayakumari, Bipin Nair, Abrav Nanda Koovamoola Mambilamthoda, Shalwin Ambalamoottil Stephen, Pranav Venkitesan, and Venkatesh Raghavendra. "Coffee bean graded based on deep net models." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 14, no. 3 (June 1, 2024): 3084. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i3.pp3084-3093.

Full text

Abstract:

Coffee is a widely consumed beverage, and sorting coffee beans is a critical process that ensures high-quality graded coffee products. Coffee beans were graded into nine grades in robusta types. To automate the grading process, a deep learning-based approach was developed using a large dataset of high-resolution images and data augmentation techniques. In contrast to previous studies focusing on robusta type graded into six coffee bean grads, our research extends this framework by employing robusta type into nine grades with an outperformed accuracy. The proposed work uses four deep learning models, namely residual network 34(Resnet34), inception version 3 (Inception v3), efficient network bayesian optimization (EfficientNet-B0), and visual geometry group-16(VGG-16), where trained and evaluated for coffee bean classification into nine grades. The EfficientNet-B0 model exhibited outperformed accuracy, achieving 100% in distinguishing good and bad coffee beans, even in challenging lighting and background conditions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Pederson, Kathleen Marshall. "Grades +." Modern Language Journal 74, no. 2 (1990): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/328162.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Banal, Rose Anna R. "Correlation of First-Year Medical Students’ Performance in Case-Based Small-Group Discussions with Overall Academic Performance in the Department of Medical Physiology." Journal of Education and Learning 11, no. 6 (September 22, 2022): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v11n6p96.

Full text

Abstract:

Case-based small-group discussions (SGDs) are one of the teaching strategies used in the Department of Medical Physiology of the Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila College of Medicine. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the first-year medical students’ grades in SGDs and their academic performance measured at the end of each shifting period and the end of the course. All 135 students were assessed and graded during clinical case SGDs. Correlational analyses indicate a significant relationship between the SGD grades and the students’ grades in the written examination, shifting period medical physiology grades, and final medical physiology grades. SGDs are linked to improved academic performance, but further studies are needed to investigate other predictors of students’ learning in medical physiology.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

ROTHOU, KYRIAKOULA M., and SUSANA PADELIADU. "Inflectional morphological awareness and word reading and reading comprehension in Greek." Applied Psycholinguistics 36, no. 4 (March 13, 2014): 1007–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716414000022.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTThe study explored the contribution of two aspects of inflectional morphological awareness, verb inflection and noun–adjective inflection, to word reading and reading comprehension in the Greek language, which is an orthographically transparent language. Participants (120 first graders, 123 second graders, 126 third graders) were given two oral language experimental tasks of inflectional morphological awareness. Furthermore, phonological awareness, receptive vocabulary, expressive vocabulary, decoding, and reading comprehension were evaluated. It was revealed that noun–adjective inflectional morphology contributed significantly to decoding only in first grade, while verb inflectional morphology had a significant contribution to reading comprehension in third grade. It is interesting that inflectional morphological awareness did not predict reading skills for second graders. Phonological awareness was a firm predictor of word reading in all grades and made a unique contribution in Grades 2 and 3. Finally, in all grades, receptive vocabulary was a steady predictor of reading comprehension, whereas expressive vocabulary predicted only first-grade reading comprehension. It is suggested that inflectional morphological awareness may be an important predictor of early reading in a language with a shallow orthography and a rich morphology.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Han, Eun-Jeong, Seonhwa Lee, and Rahil Hwang. "Comparison of Utilized Resource Volumes by Grade of Seniors in Long-Term Care Facilities." Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing 24, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.17079/jkgn.2022.24.1.96.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the time of care services provided by nurses, nursing assistants, care workers, physical therapists, and social workers during a 24-hour-period and the volume of resource utilization for residents in long-term care (LTC) facilities.Methods: We measured the providers' service time supplied to 3,295 residents in 32 LTC facilities. The utilization of resources each service facility provided was analyzed considering the services’ difficulty levels and providers’ wages.Results: The higher the long-term care grade, the longer the provider's service time and the greater the resource utilization. This phenomenon did not appear in the cognitive assistant grader. The service hours provided for the cognitive assistant graders were longer than those in grades 4 and 5, and longer than in long-term care eligibility points about the classification system. Compared to the long-term care eligibility points, the used resource volumes of excretion support, managing behavioral symptoms, and indirect services increased in all grades but, the used resource volumes of nursing treatment time decreased.Conclusion: It is necessary to discuss measures to raise the grade in the cognitive assistance grader with mild dementia. Additional research on the cause of the decrease in nursing treatment time for residents in LTC facilities and measures to satisfy nursing needs is necessary.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Kamran, Ayesha, Adeel Arif, Khawar Shabbir, Rehan Aslam Gill, and Muhammad Masood Khan. "Relationship between Different Ultrasonographic Grades of Fatty Liver and Serum Alanine Aminotransferase Levels in Asymptomatic Individuals." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 72, no. 5 (November 7, 2022): 1812–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v72i5.8037.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective: to determine the relationship between different ultrasonographic grades of fatty liver with serum Alanine aminotransferase levels in asymptomatic individuals. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: OPD, Radiology Department in collaboration with the Department of Pathology, DistrictHeadquarters Hospital, Sargodha Pakistan, from Jan to Oct 2021. Methodology: One-thirty-eight asymptomatic individuals with fatty livers were included in the study. Fatty livers were graded as mild, moderate and severe fatty change. Serum ALT was also determined in these individuals. Results: Out of 138 cases, moderate 61(44.2%) grade of fatty liver was the commonest grade seen after mild 49(35.5%) and severe 28(20.2%) grades. Abnormal serum ALT was commonest in severe grade 27(96.4%), followed by moderate grade 45(73.7%) and mild grade 10(20.4%). On comparison of means of serum ALT levels in different grades of fatty liver, it was found to have a significant relationship with a grade of the fatty liver (p-value less than 0.001). Conclusion: Fatty liver should be graded into three grades rather than reported as fatty liver. Finding the severe and moderate grades of fatty liver should warrant further investigations for NAFLD/NASH, provided that common alternative chronic liver diseases are excluded.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Aydın, İbrahim Seçkin. "The Investigation of Language Teacher Candidates’ Self-efficacy and Writing Anxiety in Processual Context." Journal of Education and Training Studies 7, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v7i1.3793.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the self-efficacy perceptions and writing anxiety of the Turkish language teacher candidates that receive training for learning and teaching language in a processual context. The research has been carried out with a total of 113 teacher candidates that study at the Department of Turkish Language in the first (n=56) and third (n=57) grades. The reason is that the first graders are beginner and they receive Written Expression classes; and the third graders receive Writing Education classes. The data from both grades have been collected by using the Writing Self-efficacy Perception Scale (WSPS) and the Writing Anxiety Scale (WAS) at the beginning and at the end of the term. The collected data have been analyzed both in respective class levels and by comparing to the other class level. The result of the research shows that the writing anxiety has decreased and the writing self-efficacy perception has increased in the first grader candidates. Whereas in the third grader candidates, the writing anxiety has increased and the writing self-efficacy perception has decreased. This has been interpreted as the professional awareness of the candidates increases depending on the grade level. Another result of the research is that the revision and editing (RE) factor in the writing process is higher in the female candidates than the male candidates. The findings obtained in the research bear a resemblance to the literature in some aspects, and differ from the literature in some aspects.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Knudson, Ruth E. "Development and Application of a Writing Attitude Survey for Grades 1 to 3." Psychological Reports 70, no. 3 (June 1992): 711–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.70.3.711.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of these studies was to develop and use a writing attitude survey for students in Grades 1 to 3 modeled after the survey developed and used with students in Grades 4 to 8 in 1991. A 19-item survey was administered to 394 children in Grades 1, 2, and 3. The instrument was then used in an experiment to assess the effect of instructional treatment, grade, and participation on 112 students' attitudes toward writing. There were no significant main effects for treatment or for time of measurement. There were no significant interactions, but there was a significant main effect for grade. Follow-up of significant main effects using Tukey tests indicated that 52 third graders had significantly more positive attitudes toward writing than 60 fifth graders.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Mills, Michael E. "GRADER: A computer program that recommends student letter grades." Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers 24, no. 2 (June 1992): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03203514.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Aryal, Bhagwan. "Gender Transformative Practices in Early Grade Reading Classrooms." Shiksha Shastra Saurabh 21 (December 31, 2018): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sss.v21i0.35088.

Full text

Abstract:

This article is based on a research work of 2017 conducted for Plan International Nepal. The research was originally done to assess the reading comprehension of Nepali subject together with basic skills of Mathematics of early graders in grades Two and Three. It focused on assessing existing situation of the early grades’ learning status together with early learning environments in relation to early grade reading. It included field work in 17 schools of Four districts, namely, Morang, Makwanpur, Sindhuli and Banke. It aimed to assess the gender transformative practices in selected classrooms of early grades.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

M. N. Dabhi and N. C. Patel. "Design and Development of Onion Grader." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 53, no. 1 (February 9, 2024): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2016531.1595.

Full text

Abstract:

Onion is an important vegetable crop, grown almost all over India. It is seasonal in production, but the demand is round the year. Grading is important for good market price. Generally onion bulbs are graded manually on size basis. One person can grade 1500 kg of onion bulb in one day in three different grades. In order to increase the output of onion bulb grading and save time and labour, a power driven onion grader based on divergent-type principle was designed and developed. The best combination of roller speed and roller inclination was found to be 13 rpm and 8o, respectively, for efficiency of 79.95% at capacity of 598.58 kg.h-1. The machine cost of grader was Rs. 40680/-(without electric motor).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Plogmark, Oscar, Carl Hjelte, Magnus Ekström, and Oskar Frånberg. "Agreement between ultrasonic bubble grades using a handheld self-positioning Doppler product and 2D cardiac ultrasound." Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal 52, no. 4 (December 20, 2022): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.28920/dhm52.4.281-285.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction: Intravascular bubble load after decompression can be detected and scored using ultrasound techniques that measure venous gas emboli (VGE). The aim of this study was to analyse the agreement between ultrasonic bubble grades from a handheld self-positioning product, the O’DiveTM, and cardiac 2D ultrasound after decompression. Methods: VGE were graded with both bilateral subclavian vein Doppler ultrasound (modified Spencer scale) and 2D cardiac images (Eftedal Brubakk scale). Agreement was analysed using weighted kappa (Kw). Analysis with Kw was made for all paired grades, including measurements with and without zero grades, and for each method’s highest grades after each dive. Results: A total of 152 dives yielded 1,113 paired measurements. The Kw agreement between ultrasound VGE grades produced by cardiac 2D images and those from the O’Dive was ‘fair’; when zero grades were excluded the agreement was ‘poor’. The O’Dive was found to have a lower sensitivity to detect VGE compared to 2D cardiac image scoring. Conclusions: Compared to 2D cardiac image ultrasound, the O’Dive yielded generally lower VGE grades, which resulted in a low level of agreement (fair to poor) with Kw.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Habib, Syed Rashid, and Haneef Sherfudhin. "Students’ Self-assessment: A Learning Tool and Its Comparison with the Faculty Assessments." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 16, no. 1 (January 2015): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1634.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Objective This study compared the student's self-grades versus the examiners grades, inter examiner grades and grades of anterior with posterior teeth in a preclinical prosthodontic course. Methods 75 students and 2 examiners participated in the study. The students prepared one anterior (upper central incisor) and one posterior (lower first molar) teeth for full veneer crowns in allocated time of 2 hours and 30 minutes. After the preparations, the students self-graded their preparations based on criteria-based evaluation forms. The examiners also completed the grading for the prepared teeth. All the grades were recorded, comparisons were made using SPSS version 21 and results tabulated. Results The means of grades (8.32) by the students themselves were found to be higher compared to the examiners grades (7.3) for the anterior as well as posterior teeth. Comparison of the grades for the anterior/posterior teeth and the overall grades showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.000). A moderate correlation (0.399) and a strong correlation (0.601) were found between the grades of the faculty and the students for the anterior and posterior teeth respectively. The overall grading for the anterior and posterior teeth by the two faculty members showed no statistically significant difference (p = 0.053) and a very strong correlation (0.784). The results of the test showed a significant difference (p = 0.001) between the overall grading for anterior and posterior teeth. Conclusion Students tended to grade their teeth preparations higher compared to the examiner grades, inter examiner variation in the grades existed and the grades of the anterior teeth were higher compared to the posterior teeth. How to cite this article Habib SR, Sherfudhin H. Students’ Self-assessment: A Learning Tool and Its Comparison with the Faculty Assessments. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(1):48-53.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Folk, Lori, Jan Pedersen, and Salvatore Cullari. "Body Satisfaction and Self-Concept of Third-And Sixth-Grade Students." Perceptual and Motor Skills 76, no. 2 (April 1993): 547–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1993.76.2.547.

Full text

Abstract:

Pubertal development has been implicated as the point of origin for decreased body satisfaction and self-concept for girls from prepubertal levels and an increase in body satisfaction and self-concept for boys. Two groups of boys and girls in Grades 3 and 6 completed a Body Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Piers-Harris Self-concept Scale to test this assumption. The third graders were considered to be prepubertal and sixth graders as early pubertal. The sixth-grade boys scored lower on body satisfaction than third-grade boys, and their self-concept scores were positively correlated with body satisfaction scores. For girls, body satisfaction scores were correlated with self-concept in both grades, and few significant differences were found between grades. For girls apparently the relationship between body satisfaction and self-concept may be present before the onset of puberty.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Tighe, Kara, Oscar Cacho, Stuart Mounter, Renato Villano, Alex Ball, David Pethick, and Euan Fleming. "Determinants of consumer willingness to pay for quality-graded Australian sheep meat." Animal Production Science 58, no. 9 (2018): 1692. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15873.

Full text

Abstract:

The present study investigated the influence of a quality-grading system, demographic information and consumption preferences on consumer willingness to pay (WTP) for sheep meat. Eating quality was defined by four grades developed by the Meat Standards Australia (MSA) sheep meat-grading scheme. These grades were based on consumer palatability scores for cooked sheep-meat samples and described as 2-star (‘unsatisfactory’ quality), 3-star (‘good every day’ quality), 4-star (‘better than every day’ quality) and 5-star (‘premium’ quality). Currently, sheep-meat available in Australian retail outlets that meets MSA quality specifications is trademarked as ‘MSA graded’ and consists of lamb that falls into at least the 3-star quality band. There is no distinction made between 3-, 4- and 5-star-graded product. A challenge for marketers would be pricing the product by these three grades should finer-quality differentiation be adopted. The present study evaluated consumer WTP for the MSA quality grades and interactions with consumer demographic factors and consumption preferences. Results clearly showed that consumers were willing to pay less for the 2-star grade and more for 4- and 5-star grades, than for 3-star grade. Robust results for the impact of demographic and consumption preferences on WTP were limited to consumer age, occupation, income level and the interaction between MSA grade and consumer age.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Roemer, Lena, Clemens M. Lechner, and Beatrice Rammstedt. "Beyond Competencies: Associations between Personality and School Grades Are Largely Independent of Subject-Specific and General Cognitive Competencies." Journal of Intelligence 10, no. 2 (April 27, 2022): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence10020026.

Full text

Abstract:

The Big Five personality traits are established predictors of school grades. However, the mechanisms underlying these associations are not yet well understood. Effects of personality on grades might arise because behavioral tendencies facilitate learning and increase subject-specific competencies. Alternatively, personality effects on grades might be independent of cognitive competencies and reflect otherwise valued behaviors or teachers’ grading practices. In the current study, we drew on large-scale data of 7th and 9th graders in Germany to explore the extent to which personality predicted grades even after accounting for competencies. Controlling for competencies and other key covariates, we cross-sectionally and longitudinally examined personality–grade associations across different school subjects, grade levels, and school types. Results indicate that the predictive power of personality is largely independent of subject-specific and general cognitive competencies. The largest effects emerged for conscientiousness. For openness, associations with grades partly overlapped with competencies, suggesting that openness may operate by fostering competencies. Overall, our results suggest that the associations between personality and grades unfold mostly independently of course mastery. This finding underlines the socioemotional value of personality in the classroom and encourages a more fine-grained view of the interplay between personality, competencies, classroom behavior, and grades.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Kim, Hwiyoung, Jiyun Choi, Chul-Young Jang, Jin Woo Lee, Sungjun Kim, and Seung Hwan Han. "Automatic Grading of Ankle Osteoarthritis Based on Takakura Staging System: A Deep Learning- Based Approach." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 4, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 2473011419S0024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011419s00246.

Full text

Abstract:

Category: Ankle, Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: The Takakura staging system has been used for the stratification in ankle osteoarthritis(OA). Patient’s OA stage is determined by visual examination on the status of talar and distal tibia in anteroposterior ankle radiograph. Clinical decisions about whether to treat conservatively or to treat with operation such as supra-malleolar osteotomy or arthroplasty may depend on this grading system. However, this is not completely reproducible between examiners and it makes a debating situation about different treatment method to a same ankle radiograph. If highly reproducible measurement method may be suggested this debating may no longer need. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to suggest a deep learning-based algorithm that automatically grades ankle osteoarthritis and to present feasibility of the provided automatic grading system. Methods: 2529 AP both-ankle radiographs were collected and graded for OA by a radiologist and orthopedic surgeon. We converted Takakura staging system into 3 grades(Grade1: stageI, Grade2: II-IIIa, Grade3: IIIb-IV) according to treatment plan. To confine the region of interest(ROI), a rectangle encompassing ankle portion was automatically generated using an object detection model(YOLOv2). The data oversampling was done to overcome small data and class imbalance. Four pre-trained convolutional networks(One Inception-v3 and three ResNet models) were fine-tuned using augmented data. We tried two different ensemble methods: voting ensemble and gradient boosting. Voting ensemble adjusts the decision through selecting majority votes among trained models. Gradient boosting(XGboost model) trains new classification model to focus on the cases that previous model mis- classified. The evaluation of trained models and ensemble model were performed in terms of average classification accuracy. Gradient-class activation map(CAM) method was utilized to present CAM highlighting the location where highly affected the network for the decision. Results: A total of 3836 original ROIs were obtained and as follows: grade 1, 1382; grade 2, 1927; grade 3, 527. The number of oversampled ROIs was 16398 like follows: grade 1, 5528; grade 2, 7708; grade 3, 3162. The performance of each classifier was ranged 71.0% ˜ 77.3% in terms of average classification accuracy. Ensemble methods yielded average classification accuracies of 78.1% and 79.2% for voting ensemble and XGboost, respectively. Conclusion: Deep learning-based algorithm application for automatic grading of ankle osteoarthritis based on Takakura staging system is feasible. This approach is expected to be applied to various staging system for arthritis assessment through radiographs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Gebresillasie, Sintayehu, Zerihun Tadesse, Ayalew Shiferaw, Sun N. Yu, Nicole E. Stoller, Zhaoxia Zhou, Paul M. Emerson, Bruce D. Gaynor, Thomas M. Lietman, and Jeremy D. Keenan. "Inter-Rater Agreement between Trachoma Graders: Comparison of Grades Given in Field Conditions versus Grades from Photographic Review." Ophthalmic Epidemiology 22, no. 3 (May 4, 2015): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09286586.2015.1035792.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Antoshchenko, Mykola, Vadym Tarasov, Oleksandr Nedbailo, Olha Zakharova, and Rudniev Yevhen. "On the possibilities to apply indices of industrial coal-rank classification to determine hazardous characteristics of workable beds." Mining of Mineral Deposits 15, no. 2 (2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining15.02.001.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose is to identify behaviour of the graded indices as well as their correspondence to grades, groups, and subgroups of similar coal metamorphic degrees to determine hazardous characteristics of workable beds while mining. Methods. Rank scale and changes in the graded index values help define the coal grades, groups, and subgroups having comparable characteristics as well as ultimate composition of organic mass. Coal ranking involves the intensified metamorphism manifestation in the process of transition from lignite to black coal, and then to anthracite. Findings. Analysis of the total of the fusainized components has shown that coal grading is within less than 10 and more than 69% range. However, in the majority of cases its values are recommended as those being less than 39 or more than 40% which prevents from determination of reliable correlation relationships. Free heaving ratio is considered together with the plastic layer thickness making it possible to determine quantitively only LF, LS, LC, and L grades. In terms of vitrinite response index, being 0.8-1.4%, LS, LC, and L grades may be considered as coal in the central ranking series. The fact supports available changes in the internal structure. Originality. Behaviour of the graded indices of industrial coal-rank classification has been determined to identify hazardous characteristics of workable beds while mining. Practical implications are the possibilities to improve the regulatory system for safe mining of workable beds while determining differences in characteristics of vitrinite coal and fusainized coal.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Atkinson, Kayla, Carmen E. Sanchez, Alison C. Koenka, Hannah Moshontz, and Harris Cooper. "Who Makes the Grade? Research Comparing Self, Peer and Instructor Grades in College." International Research in Higher Education 3, no. 3 (July 17, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/irhe.v3n3p1.

Full text

Abstract:

With the increase in large college classes and online education, student grading of their own work and that of peers is also increasing in frequency. This meta-analysis of 36 studies and 103 effect sizes examined several questions regarding the relationship between grades assigned by college students (either to themselves or peers) and those assigned by their instructors on the same assessment. On average, students graded themselves .41 standard deviations higher than their instructors. The grade distribution correlation between the two types of graders averaged r=.71. Inter-judge reliability estimates suggested that a range of 2-4 peer-graders are needed in order to attain the same level of reliability achieved by the instructor. Little research was found on the effect of student grading on subsequent student performance. Moderator analyses revealed that differences between graders appeared to be minimized when (a) students are grading a peer’s work rather then their own, (b) they are in their freshman versus sophomore, junior or senior year, (c) some form of training is given, (d) assessment has lower stakes, (e) more objective tests are given, and (f) course content is English, social science, or professional versus science or engineering. These results have implications for what contexts best facilitate the use of students as graders, and bring to light areas where future research is needed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Wilde, Bridgette E., Charles B. Corbin, and Guy C. Le Masurier. "Free-Living Pedometer Step Counts of High School Students." Pediatric Exercise Science 16, no. 1 (February 2004): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.16.1.44.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to examine the pedometer-measured physical activity levels of high school students (Grades 9–12). Comparisons were made between sexes, among grades, among groups based on level of participation in sport and physical education, and among groups based on levels of self-reported physical activity (based on questions from the National Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System). Participants wore sealed pedometers for 4 consecutive school days. Results indicated no differences among days of monitoring but did show significant differences in mean steps per day between sexes, among grades, and among activity levels. Males took more steps per day than females did, and 10th graders took more steps than 12th graders did. Teens involved in sport and physical education took more steps than did those not involved. Teens who reported meeting both moderate and vigorous activity recommendations were most active, followed by teens meeting recommendations for moderate activity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Olawoye, Olusola Oluyinka, Thu Huong Ha, Ngoc Pham, Lam Nguyen, David Hunter Cherwek, Kayode Raphael Fowobaje, Craig Ross, et al. "Impact of a short online course on the accuracy of non-ophthalmic diabetic retinopathy graders in recognising glaucomatous optic nerves in Vietnam." BMJ Open 13, no. 11 (November 2023): e076623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076623.

Full text

Abstract:

PurposeTo test an online training course for non-ophthalmic diabetic retinopathy (DR) graders for recognition of glaucomatous optic nerves in Vietnam.MethodsThis was an uncontrolled, experimental, before-and-after study in which 43 non-ophthalmic DR graders underwent baseline testing on a standard image set, completed a self-paced, online training course and were retested using the same photographs presented randomly. Twenty-nine local ophthalmologists completed the same test without the training course. DR graders then underwent additional one–to-one training by a glaucoma specialist and were retested. Test performance (% correct, compared with consensus grades from four fellowship-trained glaucoma experts), sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and area under the receiver operating (AUC) curve, were computed.ResultsMean age of DR graders (32.6±5.5 years) did not differ from ophthalmologists (32.3±7.3 years, p=0.13). Online training required a mean of 297.9 (SD 144.6) minutes. Graders’ mean baseline score (33.3%±14.3%) improved significantly after training (55.8%±12.6%, p<0.001), and post-training score did not differ from ophthalmologists (58.7±15.4%, p=0.384). Although grader sensitivity reduced before [85.5% (95% CI 83.5% to 87.3%)] versus after [80.4% (78.3% to 82.4%)] training, specificity improved significantly [47.8 (44.9 to 50.7) vs 79.8 (77.3 to 82.0), p<0.001]. Grader AUC also improved after training [66.6 (64.9 to 68.3)] to [80.1 (78.5 to 81.6), p<0.001]. Additional one-to-one grader training by a glaucoma specialist did not further improve grader scores.ConclusionNon-ophthalmic DR graders can be trained to recognise glaucoma using a short online course in this setting, with no additional benefit from more expensive one–to-one training. After 5-hour online training in recognising glaucomatous optic nerve head, scores of non-ophthalmic DR graders doubled, and did not differ from local ophthalmologists. Intensive one-to-one training did not further improve performance

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Harmer, Rebecca. "Good grades." Nursing Children and Young People 24, no. 3 (April 3, 2012): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ncyp2012.04.24.3.12.p7974.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Jennings, Karen. "Good grades." Nursing Standard 15, no. 50 (August 29, 2001): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.15.50.20.s32.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Mitchell, Bruce M. "Weighted Grades." Gifted Child Today 17, no. 4 (July 1994): 28–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107621759401700409.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Farrell, Lesley. "Making Grades." Australian Journal of Education 41, no. 2 (August 1997): 134–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494419704100204.

Full text

Abstract:

THE focus of this paper is on the role that culture plays in shaping the way examiners arrive at assessments of candidates' relative academic ability in tertiary entrance examinations. In attempting to understand this process, I call on notions of ‘Discourse’, especially of the kind developed by Gee (1991, 1992, 1994). When examiners ‘make grades’, they call on culturally specific understandings of what counts as a ‘literate essay’, a ‘relevant’ argument, and an appropriate relationship between candidate and examiner. I start with a discussion of tertiary entrance examinations, move to a discussion of Discourse and conclude with an analysis of one set of examiners' reports. Examiners use underlying discourse structure as the basis on which they make their judgements about academic merit, and that these judgements are culturally situated and do, therefore, realise cultural values. However, although they are clearly culturally situated, they gain their legitimacy in the public arena by an appeal to the universality of standards of academic merit.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Wiseman, Jim, and Thomas Wiseman. "Calculating Grades." Math Horizons 27, no. 2 (October 29, 2019): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10724117.2019.1653707.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Cormack. "Laryngoscopy grades." Anaesthesia 54, no. 9 (September 30, 1999): 911–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.1999.01083.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Yentis, S. M. "Laryngoscopy grades." Anaesthesia 54, no. 12 (December 1999): 1221–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.1999.01219.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

DeLorenzo, Ronald. "Scaling grades." Journal of Chemical Education 69, no. 2 (February 1992): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed069p170.1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Meier, Yannick, Jie Xu, Onur Atan, and Mihaela van der Schaar. "Predicting Grades." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 64, no. 4 (February 2016): 959–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2015.2496278.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Close, Daryl. "Fair Grades." Teaching Philosophy 32, no. 4 (2009): 361–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/teachphil200932439.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Bergman, Richard N., and Marilyn Ader. "Midterm Grades." Obesity 16, no. 7 (July 2008): 1479–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/oby.2008.319.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Gruber, Helmut. "Rhetorical Structure Theory and quality assessment of students’ texts." Information Design Journal 14, no. 2 (July 7, 2006): 114–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/idj.14.2.04gru.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, I argue that the analysis of coherence structures of university students’ texts may contribute to text improvement. Furthermore, my results suggest a relationship between various coherence phenomena and the grades students earn for their papers. Based on the analysis of Austrian university students’ texts from three different business and economy-related study programs and interviews with instructors, I demonstrate that due to the often superficial grading practice of instructors, ‘disrupted text spans’ frequently remain unnoticed although they impair text quality. Regarding the relationship between texts’ grades and coherence phenomena, I show that relation-type differences between low and high graded papers seem to be discipline specific, whereas a general tendency exists that high graded papers display a more ‘symmetrical’ text structure and low graded papers have ‘asymmetrical’ structures.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

V.T. Badhe, Pratap Singh, and Y.C. Bhatt. "Development and Evaluation of Mango Grader." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 48, no. 2 (February 20, 2024): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2011482.1441.

Full text

Abstract:

A computerized grading machine was developed and evaluated to grade Alphonso mangoes on weight basis in five grades. A logistic software was developed to run the grader. The performance of the grader was evaluated at four speeds (480, 600, 720 and 840 m/s), four microprocessor settings (B1, B2, B3 and B4) and their effect was observed on five grades of mango viz., Grade I (326-375 g), Grade II (276-325 g), Grade III (226-275 g), Grade IV (176225g) and Grade V (< 175 > 376 g) for single lane. The statistically analyzed data showed maximum capacity of 950 kg/h with maximum grading efficiency of 95.13% at 720 m/s speed and B4 setting. The cost of manual grading was Rs. 350/t as against Rs. 190/t for the grader.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Kerisnon@Krishnan, Thanamogan, Norhafizah Mohtarrudin, Wan Azura Wan Yaacob, and Huzlinda Hussin. "Grades of Poorly Differentiated Clusters are Associated with Lymph Node and the Tumour, Node and Metastasis Stages in Colorectal Carcinoma." Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 30, no. 6 (December 19, 2023): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/mjms2023.30.6.8.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally. In Malaysia, CRC is most prevalent among males and the second most common cancer among females. The CRC arises mainly from the adenocarcinoma sequence. Poorly differentiated clusters (PDCs) and tumour budding (TB) are believed to represent sequential steps in tumour growth. Therefore, this study analysed the association between PDC grades with clinicopathological and demographic characteristics of CRC. Methods: A total of 47 CRC cases previously diagnosed by histopathological examination were reviewed for the presence of PDCs and graded accordingly. The association between PDC grades with clinicopathological and demographic characteristics was statistically analysed. Results: Out of the 47 cases with PDCs, most of them were of grade 3 (G3) (n = 27, 57.4%), followed by grade 2 (G2) (n = 13, 27.7%) and grade 1 (G1) (n = 7, 14.9%). Higher PDC grades (G2 and G3) were mainly observed in higher tumour stage (T); T3 (n = 26, 83.9%), T4 (n = 12, 92.3%), N1 (n = 20, 86.9%), N2 (n = 15, 100%). In addition, there was a significant association between PDC grades with the nodal stage (N) (P = 0.013) and the tumour, node and metastasis (TNM) stages (P = 0.012). Conclusion: The PDC grades are useful for assessing the disease prognosis in CRC. A statistically significant association between PDC grades with N and TNM stages suggested that PDC grades are potential predictive parameters for invasive and metastatic risks in CRC.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Helal, Ahmed, Rania Agamy, Aymen A. I. Gad Allah, Essam M. Al-Betar, Sabry F. Mahouda, and Ibrahim I. Abdel-Mageed. "Effect of a Subjective Grading System and Blending with Polyester on Selected Wool and Yarn Characteristics of Subtropical Egyptian Barki Sheep." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 27, no. 5(137) (October 31, 2019): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2897.

Full text

Abstract:

Seven-hundred kilograms of subtropical Barki wool was collected to study the effect of a subjective grading system and blending with polyester on selected wool and yarn characteristics. Wool was graded subjectively into coarse, fine and raw; then each grade was blended with 0%, 15%, 25%, 35% and 45% of polyester. Staple and yarn strengths were higher in both coarse and fine grades compared with raw wool. Staple elongation of the fine grade reached 3 times that of coarse grade and twice as much as raw grade. Also, in the 100% wool blend, yarn elongation of the fine grade was twice as much as both coarse and raw grades. The fine grade had the highest yarn friction, followed by other grades. Generally, adding polyester to coarse and fine grades led to an improved yarn strength compared with the raw grade. Adding 15% polyester caused the highest improvement among other percentages. Correlations among traits were also discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Dickey, Edwin M. "Editorial: Join Our Eighty-Six-Year-Old Network." Mathematics Teacher 87, no. 6 (September 1994): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.87.6.0394.

Full text

Abstract:

As the National council of Teachers of Mathematics celebrates its Diamond Jubilee, the Mathematics Teacher begins its eighty-seventh year of publication. In this issue we highlight three new sections: “Technology Tips,” “Media Clips,” and—introduced by the article “What Gets Graded is What Gets Valued”-“lmplementing the Assessment Standards.” Also, beginning with this issue the journal's grade-level focus changes from a concentration on grades 7 through 14 to an emphasis on grades 8 through 14.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Edwards, Rosaland. "The Effects of Performance Standards on Behavior Patterns and Motor Skill Achievement in Children." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 7, no. 2 (January 1988): 90–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.7.2.90.

Full text

Abstract:

The effect of individual performance standards on the relationship between selected process variables and achievement for students in elementary physical education classes is investigated. The subjects were 78 fourth-grade and 80 fifth-grade students from eight classes in two elementary schools. Two fourth grades and 2 fifth grades received standards, and 2 fourth grades and 2 fifth grades did not. A 1-week experimental teaching unit was used. A Solomon 4-group design was used to determine if there was a pretest effect. The data were analyzed in a Treatment (standard-no standard) × Pre (pretest-no pretest) × Sex × Grade MANOVA using posttest and motor-appropriate trials as the dependent measures; this analysis was followed up by two separate ANOVAs. Correlation was used to determine the relationship, if any, between behavior patterns and performance. The treatment group performed better than the control group, boys performed better than girls, and fifth graders performed better than fourth graders. Individuals with standards performed significantly better than those with no standards. The Pre × Treatment interaction suggested that having a pretest tends to standardize the amount of practice an individual takes. There was a positive relationship between motor-appropriate practice and performance regardless of treatment group. These data suggest that performance can be improved by individual performance standards and that care should be taken in using pre- and posttest methods for testing motor skills.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Nilesh N. Gaikwad, D. V. K. Samuel, Manpreet Kaur Grewal, and M. Manjunatha. "Development of Orange Grading Machine on Weight Basis." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 51, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2014513.1553.

Full text

Abstract:

High value fresh agricultural produce such as orange must be carefully handled and graded in order to meet customer demands and quality standards. Manual grading is widely adopted practice which is costly and time consuming. The existing mechanical graders grade fruits on the basis of size, and owing to mechanical nature have limitations of lower capacity and efficiency. The present work describes the development of electronic grading machine on weight basis for oranges. The machine comprised of various elements such as feeding unit, weighing assembly, dropping and collection unit. The machine is capable of individually metering fruits in weighing section and weighing of individual fruits and grading them in four different weight grades.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Grades'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles