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1
Lim, Hock Eam, Jan-Jan Soon, and Hongbo Duan. "Does Entrepreneurial Career Choice Lessen the Graduate Unemployment Problem? The Case of Malaysian Graduates." Global Business Management Review (GBMR) 13, Number 1 (June 30, 2021): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/gbmr2021.13.1.3.
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Entrepreneurship has been long regarded as able to lessen the problem of graduate unemployment. This ability of entrepreneurship has been frequently quoted by numerous studies as a motivation of study to engage into the studies of graduate entrepreneurial career choice. Nevertheless, the relationship between the entrepreneurial career choice and graduate unemployment is yet to be explored. This paper aims to estimate the impact of entrepreneurial career choice on the Malaysian graduate unemployment. The targeted population of the present paper was the Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) and Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) graduates. A sample of 1,723 graduates was collected using self-administered questionnaires. The descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation tables and econometrics analysis are employed. Graduate entrepreneurial career choice is found to be unrelated to the chance of being unemployed and unable to reduce the probability of being unemployed among the low employability graduates. Thus, graduate entrepreneurial career choice does not lessen the graduate unemployment problem. However, there is some evidence that entrepreneurial career choice could reduce the unemployment duration and hinder the occurrence of long-term unemployed among the low employability graduates. The Malaysian government policy to combat the graduate unemployment problem could not rely mainly on the entrepreneurial career choice. The graduate entrepreneurial career choice, however, could be relied on reducing the occurrence of long-term unemployment. Future studies are suggested to use the sample of all graduates to validate the findings.
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Kraak, Andre. "The value of graduate destination survey data in understanding graduate unemployment: A focus on the universities of technology." African Journal of Employee Relations (Formerly South African Journal of Labour Relations) 39, no. 1 (February 19, 2019): 93–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2520-3223/5885.
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This article contributes graduate destination survey (GDS) evidence to the debate about graduate unemployment in South Africa. There has been lively contestation on the topic for several years, including several contributions from the commercial press arguing that graduate unemployment is very high. In contrast, academic evidence (based on national labour force data for the period 1995–2011) has been presented suggesting that the unemployment of graduates in South Africa is minimal, on average only 4.9% in 2011. New evidence has emerged from two recent GDSs – one comprehensive survey of all 2010 graduates across all qualification levels at all four universities in the Western Cape, and a second focusing only on the 2012 Bachelor of Technology (BTech) graduates at the Vaal University of Technology (VUT) in Vanderbijlpark, Gauteng. These two studies, using the same methodology and online questionnaire, provide a more accurate picture of the graduate unemployment problem in two important economic regions of the country. The results show that although rates of unemployment are low at the elite University of Cape Town (UCT) and Stellenbosch University (SU) (graduate unemployment is between 3 and 6%), rates are much higher at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT) – a former historically disadvantaged technikon – with 15.8% unemployment among CPUT students. African unemployment at CPUT reached 20.2% among all first-time entrants (as compared with 4% for whites), suggesting the continuation of a racially stratified labour market for highly skilled labour long after apartheid’s demise. Similarly, unemployment rates among the BTech VUT graduates of 2012 reached 18%. This is an extremely high rate for fourth-year graduates of a polytechnic-type institution whose primary mandate is to place qualified graduates in jobs in the mainstream economy.
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Unt, Marge, and Kadri Täht. "Does Early Career Unemployment at the Peak of a Recession Leave Economic Scars? Evidence from Estonia." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 688, no. 1 (March 2020): 246–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716220911890.
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On average, individuals who have experienced unemployment are disadvantaged in terms of later lifetime earnings. Those who graduated from school during the Great Recession are especially prone to have experienced bouts of unemployment, but we know little about how much they suffer in later career earnings. Estonia was heavily hit by the economic crisis but recovered relatively quickly. This study explores poverty and earnings effects for a cohort of recession graduates in Estonia, finding that early career unemployment is not a direct trigger for poverty risk and income loss five years later. The main mechanism for disadvantage among recession graduates is recurring unemployment, meaning that the scars of initial unemployment are avoided only if graduates succeed in avoiding unemployment later. Findings also indicate that during an economic downturn, employers may not regard unemployment as a signal of lower productivity or depreciation of skills.
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Mncayi, Precious, and Steven Henry Dunga. "Career choice and unemployment length." Industry and Higher Education 30, no. 6 (September 27, 2016): 413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950422216670500.
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Graduate unemployment is especially problematic in a country where much emphasis is placed on furthering academic studies for economic and personal rewards. This article investigates the relationship between career choice and unemployment length among graduates from a South African university. Data were collected by means of a survey questionnaire distributed to graduates in the university’s alumni database. An analysis of variance model was estimated and various descriptive analyses and an ordinary least squares regression were employed. The study finds that the specific majors held by graduates not only influence employment status but also the time taken to find employment. Although human resources, industrial psychology, labour relations management, public administration, public management and politics remain the most popular majors, many graduates in these areas have to wait a long time before securing a job. In light of their findings, the authors recommend that university courses should be as practically oriented as possible in order to help graduates in the job market and consequently to make the transition from education to work an easier one. For their part, graduates need to ensure that they make wise and informed career choices. The government needs to put into effect direct interventions that will enhance and augment teaching and learning throughout the educational system, bearing in mind that the choice to study a certain discipline may be affected by many factors, some of which are beyond the control of the student, such as the quality of school education or socio-economic background.
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AbdulKareem, Ibraheem Alani, Kamoru Mutiu Olaide, and Onimajesin Salihu Isiaka. "Curbing Unemployment and Brain Drain Among Nigerian Youths Through Islamic Financing Instruments." Journal of Islamic Economic and Business Research 1, no. 1 (June 14, 2021): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jiebr.v1i1.11654.
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The alarming increase in graduates/youths unemployment across the globe is disturbing. Graduates/youths unemployment that leads to brain drain is a complex problem facing developing countries, of which Nigeria is not spared. It is on this premise that necessitated the purpose of writing this paper is to ameliorate the issue of graduate/youth unemployment through the adoption of Islamic financing instruments as a solution to curb this high rate of graduates/youths unemployment in Nigeria. Going by the focus of this paper, Islamic financing instruments which have been seen to be under-utilized but if aggressively encouraged by the Nigerian government through easy access to funding by graduates/youths, which is a catalyst to entrepreneurship among graduates/youths to reduce unemployment that has been combating them and the nation at large. The method employed for this study is conceptual in nature. It reviewed previous literature whereby understanding the roles played by Islamic financing in curbing the menace of brain drain and unemployment among graduates/youth were gained. Based on the understanding of reviewed literature, this study has documented that Islamic finance instrument has played a significant role in SMEs. The study also found out that the impact of harnessing SMEs through Islamic finance instruments cannot be ignored in any society. Thus, it is suggested that the Nigerian government should embrace Islamic financing to reduce the population of graduates/youths who have recently, as a matter of no job, partake in ENDSARS protests and roaming the streets aimlessly across Nigeria. The implication of study on the Nigeria government and policymaker in term of adoption of Islamic finance instruments was to address the issues of SMEs in order to tame the menace on unemployment and brain drain, thereby retaining our graduate/youths to contribute their quotas through their skills/potentials for the betterment of the country.
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Hwang, Youngsik. "What Is the Cause of Graduates’ Unemployment? Focus on Individual Concerns and Perspectives." Journal of Educational Issues 3, no. 2 (August 1, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jei.v3i2.11378.
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The graduate unemployment rate is one of the current issues being discussed by higher education scholars. College students spend their time and money in order to receive educational advantages unavailable to high school graduates. So if they face unemployment, they are more vulnerable to unfavorable economic conditions because they have already spent their resources pursuing higher education. This paper examines the reasons why college graduates are facing unemployment in the competitive market. There are several factors that explain their unemployment status, and this paper identifies each component at an individual level. With specific analysis of the unemployment phenomena, this paper provides direction for further research.
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Belwal, Rakesh, Pushpendra Priyadarshi, and Mariam Humaid Al Fazari. "Graduate attributes and employability skills." International Journal of Educational Management 31, no. 6 (August 14, 2017): 814–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-05-2016-0122.
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Purpose Supply and demand characteristics, influenced by the pre- and post-oil economy of Oman, have caused unemployment challenges to Omani graduates. The purpose of this paper is to explore the most common graduate attributes as they apply to graduates’ employability in Oman. Design/methodology/approach The study uses the principles of “hypotheticodeductive logic” and inferential analysis using a combination of focus group and survey approach. Using an online mode of data collection targeting the past three cohorts of graduates from a prominent University in Oman, the study analyses and presents several insights into graduate attributes and employability issues. Findings The research finds that the domain of educational institutions in Oman is mainly restricted to the basic generic skills in developing the graduate attributes. Students’ perspectives on employers’ selection criteria reveal that computing skills, the ability to work in teams, English language proficiency, prior training, and the graduate’s personality are the five most significant employability skills in Oman. Currently, there is little interaction among higher educational institutions, alumni, and industry in Oman for boosting the employability of graduates. Practical implications The study is highly relevant from the policy perspective in Oman. All the stakeholders in Oman need to come together to define employability skills prudently by expanding the domain beyond generic skills. Originality/value The study is important in the context of Oman due to a shortage of studies that look at the graduate attributes from the lens of employability besides addressing concerns about unemployment.
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Kakooza, Victoria, Robert Wamala, James Wokadala, and Thomas Bwire. "Do Graduates from Arts-Related Disciplines have a Higher Impact on Unemployment than Graduates from the Science-Related Disciplines?" International Journal of Higher Education 8, no. 4 (July 2, 2019): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v8n4p52.
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There have been several attempts in developing countries to reduce both graduate and overall unemployment; with the majority attempts centered on changes in the education sector. To better understand this avenue, this study intends to comparatively establish the impact of the two broad discipline categories of- Arts and science related disciplines- on the overall unemployment. The study employed the Vector autoregressive (VAR) model to analyse Uganda’s data between 1991 and 2017. The findings of the study showed that the arts/humanities graduates have a slightly higher impact on unemployment than their counterparts from the science/technology disciplines in the short run in Uganda; with both groups of graduates having no significant effect on unemployment in the long run.
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Maireva, Chrispen, Cecilia Muza, and Hessie Beans. "Employability of Accounting TVET Graduates: A Case of One Polytechnic College in Zimbabwe." EAST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, Issue 2 (April to June 2021) (May 4, 2021): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.46606/10.46606/eajess2021v02i02.0080.
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Graduate unemployment is one of the biggest challenges that many countries in the world are faced with, more so in Zimbabwe. Given the prevailing rate of unemployment, this study sought to investigate the extent to which the TVET curricula in Accounting has provided sufficient skills to the accounting graduates to meet the expectations for employment. The study sought to deal with the problems that accounting TVET graduates face when entering the job market and the reasons why they are not getting their desired job in their chosen field of study. The study employed a qualitative approach. Data was collected from a sample of five lecturers and 55 Accounting graduates from one Polytechnic college in Zimbabwe, using interviews and a questionnaire. The study found that the main factor contributing to graduate unemployment is the deteriorating economic conditions in the country. It was also found that most of the graduates lacked sufficient skills and work experience to compete in the labor market. The graduates showed general inability to apply knowledge learnt in college to practical work situations, resulting in most graduates struggling to find suitable job placements in the country. It was further established that the graduates were ill-prepared to start their own businesses and did not have access to capital. The study recommends that TVET colleges in Zimbabwe should produce graduates with relevant skills, entrepreneurial mind set and appropriate knowledge acquired through work-based learning and internships to increase chances for employability among the graduates. Financial institutions may also assist through funding the graduates to start entrepreneurial activates in response to limited employment chances.
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Maireva, Chrispen, Cecilia Muza, and Hessie Beans. "Employability of Accounting TVET Graduates: A Case of One Polytechnic College in Zimbabwe." EAST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, Issue 2 (April to June 2021) (May 8, 2021): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.46606/eajess2021v02i02.0080.
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Graduate unemployment is one of the biggest challenges that many countries in the world are faced with, more so in Zimbabwe. Given the prevailing rate of unemployment, this study sought to investigate the extent to which the TVET curricula in Accounting has provided sufficient skills to the accounting graduates to meet the expectations for employment. The study sought to deal with the problems that accounting TVET graduates face when entering the job market and the reasons why they are not getting their desired job in their chosen field of study. The study employed a qualitative approach. Data was collected from a sample of five lecturers and 55 Accounting graduates from one Polytechnic college in Zimbabwe, using interviews and a questionnaire. The study found that the main factor contributing to graduate unemployment is the deteriorating economic conditions in the country. It was also found that most of the graduates lacked sufficient skills and work experience to compete in the labor market. The graduates showed general inability to apply knowledge learnt in college to practical work situations, resulting in most graduates struggling to find suitable job placements in the country. It was further established that the graduates were ill-prepared to start their own businesses and did not have access to capital. The study recommends that TVET colleges in Zimbabwe should produce graduates with relevant skills, entrepreneurial mind set and appropriate knowledge acquired through work-based learning and internships to increase chances for employability among the graduates. Financial institutions may also assist through funding the graduates to start entrepreneurial activates in response to limited employment chances.
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Jamaludin, Salwaty, Rusmawati Said, Normaz Wana Ismail, and Norashidah Mohamed Nor. "Are Jobs Available in the Market? A Perspective from the Supply Side." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 11, 2021): 1973. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041973.
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Graduate unemployment exhibits a clear increasing global trend, and Malaysia is no exception. The unemployment rate among graduates is witnessing a considerable upsurge, growing from 43,800 in 2000 (15% of total unemployed) to more than 175,500 in 2017 (35%). Numerous programmes have been implemented in order to secure jobs for the unemployed in the labour market; however, the number of unemployed graduates keeps on increasing. It is significant to recognise the main reason behind this issue to tackle the risk of long-term unemployment, specifically from the supply side. Using the Relative Importance Index (RII), this study investigated 402 respondents at selected job fairs to identify the cause of their difficulty in entering the labour market. The findings revealed that the unemployed people believe that the principal cause of their unemployment is the lack of suitable jobs for them in the market. This circumstance sends a signal of asymmetric information between demand and supply in the labour market, especially to young graduates.
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Gardiyawasam, C. T., G. A. K. M. Ganegoda, T. A. R. Fernando, and P. Lankeshwara. "Identifying the Gender Differences in Response to Graduate Unemployment: Evidence from Sri Lanka." Vidyodaya Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 06, no. 02 (July 8, 2021): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31357/fhss/vjhss.v06i02.06.
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Employment opportunities are available for graduates from certain disciplines, while for a considerable proportion of the graduates, finding employment has become a problem. Therefore, enhancing the employability of graduates is a challenge faced by the university system of Sri Lanka. This research contains the findings based on economic, social and geographical attributes for gender difference in response to graduate unemployment. A questionnaire was distributed among the graduates of selected two faculties of General Sir John Kotelawala Defense University, Ratmalana. The study aimed to identify the impact of gender on graduate unemployment, causes for the gender differences, and the impact of geographical, social and economic factors in response to each gender. Primary data was collected through the questionnaire. Chi square test was used to determine the individual impact of independent variables towards the dependent variable, and binary logistic regression has been used to determine the collective impact of independent variables towards the dependent variable. The findings suggest that age, father’s education, satisfaction with higher education/ training, job preference, job satisfaction and impact of gender on finding a job (as per the thoughts) have a significant relationship with employability status of the male graduates. Furthermore, academic qualifications, monthly income of families, satisfaction with higher education and the training, job satisfaction and impact of gender of the female graduates (as per their experiences) have a significant relationship with employability status of the female graduates.
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Ishengoma, Johnson Muchunguzi. "Incorporating the Tuning Approach in Higher Education curricular reforms and course design in Tanzania for enhancing graduates’ competencies: stakeholders’ views." Tuning Journal for Higher Education 5, no. 1 (November 30, 2017): 121–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/tjhe-5(1)-2017pp121-169.
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Available documentary and researchevidencesreveal that the majority of Tanzania universities’ graduates (public and private universities) lack competencies or technical skills (employability skills) required for the job market and by potential employers, despite massive curricular reforms implemented in the public higher education sector since the early 1990s. Lack of employability skills which consequently leads to graduate unemployment or un-employability is attributable to the fact that curricular reforms and design in Tanzania public universities undertaken by lecturers and professors do not incorporate basic Tuning principles of competence-based teaching and learning which puts emphasis on competencies and skills by identifying generic and specific competencies during course design or curriculum reform. This study using the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM)’s School of Education sought to: (1) explore faculty and students’ views on the application of the Tuning approach in curricular reforms and degree/course design as a mitigation of university graduates’ unemployment and un-employability, (2) solicit stakeholders’(academic staff and students) perceptions of Tuning approach and its relevance in higher education curriculum reforms and design to make higher education more competence-based, and (3) find out students perceived causes of graduate unemployment and un-employability and whether the application of Tuning approach in curriculum reforms and design in universities can be a solution to graduate unemployment. Findings from the study reveal that both faculty and students concur that application of Tuning approach in higher education reforms and curricular design could enhance graduates competences and skills and reduce graduate unemployment.Published online: 30 November 2017
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Ohei, Kenneth Nwanua, and Roelien Brink. "Employability Distress: Factors Affecting ICT Graduates’ Employability and Work Integration in the Workspace." Research in World Economy 12, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/rwe.v12n1p138.
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There has been an ongoing debate on the subject of graduate unemployability in South Africa and the extent to which it has affected academic graduates. The growing consensus regarding intensifying levels of graduate employability distress today is explicitly supported theoretically in a number of research studies. This is despite the considerable efforts that have historically been made concerning the graduate labour force and their probable ramifications in the context of South Africa’s far-reaching labour market issues. A number of scholars both in the past and the present have identified several issues emerging from the heterogeneity of the quality of education, graduates’ capabilities and skills competencies, higher education institutions’ involvement in the industries and employers’ requirements for employment. This study aimed to explore the views that graduates conceive about employability and stress, reason for their unemployment and identify the factor that causes them to be unemployed and decisively suggest way to address these challenges. A quantitative approach and a questionnaire were used. A total of 195 questionnaires from graduates/students in the College of Business and Economics were recovered and usable. The findings reveal a paradox in the increased level of ICT graduate unemployment and skills mismatch and shortages. This has been attributed mostly to organisational changes which may have given rise to misalignment between the skills that graduates currently have and those that employers seek from graduates. Findings suggest that the kind of education obtained, graduates’ incapability to apply the skills received and work experience are factors hindering employability.
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Dunga, Steven Henry. "An Exploratory Study Of The Variation In Unemployment Length Of Graduates Of Different Degree Programs." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 15, no. 2 (March 3, 2016): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v15i2.9636.
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The drive to reduce poverty and unemployment in most developing or newly industrialized countries has many forms, the most common avenue, however, is the provision of education and a resultant expectation of employment. South Africa has in the past decade struggled with the issue of unemployment. Even in the face of very high graduate rates compared to other countries in the region, there is still high unemployment. The most common in South Africa is frictional as opposed to structural. An obvious expectation is that once people have attended tertiary education, getting a job should be easier than those without any education. However, there seems to be a mismatch between the skills required in the workplace and the skills the graduates looking for jobs have. Using data from graduates of one of the big universities in South Africa, the study investigated on the time, graduates take to get a job focusing on graduates from different degree programs. The results show that graduates eventually get employed but differences exist in the waiting period. The results show that of the six degree programs namely Bachelor of Commerce in Economics, BCom Human Resources, Bachelor of Arts Psychology, Bachelor of Education (BEd), Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Arts in Law, the law degree graduates have the longest waiting period and the BEd has the shortest waiting period before getting employed. The study, however, showed that all the graduates in the sample were employed. The results also indicated that 58percent of the graduates in the sample were not employed in the field they studied in. The study therefore recommended that to deal with unemployment in general, people should be afforded the opportunity to study for a degree, and that although low paying, BEd provides higher prospects of employment than most other degrees.
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Rotimi, Grace Gift, Dare Joseph Enimola, and Zekeri Ochidi. "Entrepreneurship Education and Graduate Unemployment in Kogi State." Economic Insights – Trends and Challenges 2021, no. 3 (2021): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.51865/eitc.2021.03.06.
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The study aimed at the inclusion of entrepreneurship in the education curriculum and the inability of graduates to get jobs in Kogi State. Thus entrepreneurship education and its impact on graduate unemployment were investigated. A descriptive survey design was used to achieve the study’s objectives. Six (6) higher institutions in Kogi State were chosen to make up the study’s population. Due to the nature of the research, we concentrated on students. The study determined the sample size of 385. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data gathered. Multiple regression analysis (inferential statistics) was applied to unveil the impact of independent variables on the dependent variable. The finding showed that entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on the unemployment rate of graduates in Kogi state. The study concluded that entrepreneurship in the education curriculum can influence a reduction in the unemployment rate of graduates in Kogi State. The study recommended the review of policy relative to entrepreneurial education to enhance the high degree of its effectiveness in Kogi State higher institutions.
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Singye, Jigme. "A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF UNEMPLOYED GRADUATES IN BHUTAN." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 06 (June 30, 2021): 102–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12993.
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Over the past few decades, Bhutan has made remarkable progress in socio-economic development, and the kingdom has been identified by the UN as one of the early achievers of the Sustainable Development Goals in 2018. Yet, Bhutan continues to confront a raft of development challenges. One of the most pressing challenges is in the area of youth unemployment, particularly among school and university leavers. Just as school participation has increased in recent years within the kingdom, so too has the number of unemployed graduates. Remarkably, the high levels of unemployed graduates exist alongside a large number of job openings, mostly in the fields of science and engineering, teaching, business administration and commercial management. These positions are usually filled instead by foreign, tertiary-educated workers. Thus, this research thesis intends to study this labour market paradox of graduate unemployment by mapping the lived experiences of unemployed graduates in Bhutan. It relies on primary data collected through a combination of unstructured face-to-face and semi-structured interviews with three unemployed graduates aged between 19-25 years old. The thesis poses two core research questions: firstly, to what degree is there a systemic skill mismatch and jobs, from the perspective of unemployed graduates, and secondly, what is the role of Bhutan Civil Service Examination (BCSE) in the job search strategy and labour market readiness of graduates. The results of the analysis are presented in a narrative form. The findings of this research study reveal that graduate unemployment issues in Bhutan are shaped by a range of issues including the role of the BCSE, a mismatch in wage expectations, the lack of entrenched labour market institutions, and the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of graduates.
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Khezri, Nashmin, Mehdi Rezaei, and Mozafarl Aram. "Injustice, Uselessness, and Illness: A Qualitative Study of Unemployed Graduates’ Lives in Iran." Education and Urban Society 52, no. 1 (June 27, 2019): 70–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013124519856678.
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Formal education in Iran, especially higher education, has been a means to smoothen the road to social mobility, provide good jobs, and boost people’s earnings. Now, being a university graduate and remaining unemployed is regarded as a challenge. In addition, governments consider this new unemployment a threat to their legitimacy. It seems that young unemployed graduates experience different problems in their social lives. This study aims to investigate the problems encountered by young unemployed graduates and to identify which aspects of situation provide a threatening condition for the society and government. This study has adopted a qualitative approach to answer these questions. It has been conducted in a Kurdish-Iranian context. The authors used a sample of 22 unemployed graduates and conducted semi-structured interviews with each of the sample members. The data gathered from the interviews were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method. There emerged several themes that described the unemployed graduates’ lives. Findings show that the definition of job is gender based. Unemployment is interpreted as “illness,” “uselessness,” and “social injustice.” To cope with the unemployment issue, the unemployed graduates have to follow different strategies, including “seclusion,” “continuing education,” or “restarting education.” They experience in such a context different psychological, interactive, and behavioral challenges that sometimes make them adopt an anti-social position. The findings of this research contribute to a clearer understanding of the pathological aspects of unemployed graduates’ lives, which is considered a threat from their own viewpoints.
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Fika, M., AA Adeniran, and B. Botha. "Unemployment of the built environment graduates." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 654, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/654/1/012005.
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Gebisa, Diriba Ayele, and Negash Geleta Etana. "Determinants of Graduate Youth Unemployment." International Journal of Islamic Business and Economics (IJIBEC) 3, no. 2 (November 10, 2019): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.28918/ijibec.v3i2.1573.
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Today, youth unemployment is a common agenda and a critical issue of all countries; particularly in developing countries. In Ethiopia, lack of employment opportunities for educated young people is a critical development challenges facing the country. The objective of this study was to identify the determinants of graduate youth unemployment. To answer the research objective data was collected by a structured questionnaire from 312 samples of respondents, wherein a snow ball sampling technique was used and data was analyzed using mixed research design, descriptive and casual design; where a binary logistic regression model used to examine the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The result indicated that amongst the nine variables of the determinants of graduate youth unemployment; education, number of graduates, work experience, career advice, market information, family income, aspire to the low-income job, and education quality, all were significantly affected unemployment rate except entrepreneurial ability. As a result, based on these findings, it can be recommended that there is a critical need for government, NGOs and all other stakeholders to work on these determinants to reduce graduate unemployment.
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Onoyase, Anna. "Causal Factors and Effects of Unemployment on Graduates of Tertiary Institutions in Ogun State South West Nigeria: Implications for Counselling." Journal of Educational and Social Research 9, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jesr-2019-0061.
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Abstract The research was set out to find the causal factors and effects of unemployment on graduates of tertiary institutions in Ogun State South West Nigeria: Implications for counselling. In order to carry out the research, two research questions and one hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The researcher made use of an instrument tagged causal factors and effects of unemployment on graduates of tertiary institutions questionnaire (CFAEOUGOTIQ) to collect information. The instrument contained twenty items. The instrument had content validity and language appropriateness. The instrument had a reliability coefficient of 0.85. The population of the study was made up of graduates of universities, polytechnics and colleges of education that had no job in public and private sectors in Ogun State Nigeria. The researcher used the purposive sampling technique to select 226 university graduates, 120 polytechnic graduates and 75 college of education graduates that participated in the research. Copies of the questionnaire were administered on each of the participants by 3 research assistants. The return rate of copies of the questionnaire administered, showed that 215 questionnaires were retrieved from the university graduates, 107 questionnaires were retrieved from polytechnic graduates and 60 copies of the questionnaire were retrieved from college of education graduates. The scoring and collation of the information from the field was done by the researcher. The researcher used the mean and standard deviation to answer the two research questions while the analysis of variance was used to test the hypothesis. The researchers used 2.50 as benchmark to determine whether respondents agreed or disagreed with each of the items on table one and two. The hypothesis was held significant at 0.05 level of significance. Some of the findings of the research showed that, high rate of graduate turn out, neglect of the agricultural sector by government, collapse of manufacturing industries and reforms in the banking sector resulting in regular retrenchment of workers were causal factor of unemployment on graduates of tertiary institutions. Other include, misappropriation of funds meant for development of projects, lack of employable skills by graduates and inability to pass employment interviews. The research also found out that one of the effects of unemployment on graduates of tertiary institution is low self-esteem of themselves. One of the recommendations is that admission into tertiary institutions should be based on the number of vacancies available in public and private sectors.
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Ayanlola, Atanda Luqman, and Ugwulebo Jeremiah Emeka. "Graduate Joblessness: Conviction for Entrepreneurship Studies in Library and Information Science Programme of Nigerian Tertiary Institutions." International Journal of Sociology 2, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijs.1210.
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Purpose: The purpose of the study was to understand what the Nigerian graduates are passing through, most especially graduate of library and information science programme of Nigerian tertiary institutions.
Findings: The statistics of unemployed graduates in Nigeria as at 2011 showed that a disheartening figure of 42.7 million with over 1,8 million graduates churned out of our higher institutions yearly. It was further revealed that the unemployment rate in Nigeria stood at 38 percent in 2013 with further increase expected in succeeding years. The slow rate of economic growth and undeveloped private sector, faulty manpower planning, high expectations of the fresh graduate attitude towards some types of jobs, recruitments, the quest for higher education, inadequate educational curricular, immobility of labour, the long period of initial unemployment among graduates of higher institution, use of capital intensive technology, wide rural-urban migration
Conclusion: It is evident that entrepreneurship education is important for Library and Information Science students in higher institution of learning. The training of Library and Information Science students must reflect the 21st century development in the field which is influenced by the emergence of Information Technology, hence, Library and Information Science students must have computer proficiency, familiarity with metadata, database management and application, web development and design, knowledge of electronic resources and services
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Astriani, Vina, and Rani Nooraeni. "DETERMINAN PENGANGGURAN LULUSAN PERGURUAN TINGGI DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2018." Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi (JUPE) 8, no. 1 (April 12, 2020): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jupe.v8n1.p31-37.
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Abstrak Pengangguran merupakan salah satu permasalahan kompleks yang dihadapi oleh setiap negara berkembang di dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Berdasarkan data resmi Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), jumlah pengangguran di Indonesia sejak tahun 2015 sampai dengan tahun 2018 tidak pernah bernilai lebih sedikit dari 7 juta orang, di mana jumlah Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka (TPT) lulusan perguruan tinggi masih termasuk tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pengangguran lulusan perguruan tinggi di Indonesia tahun 2018 dengan menggunakan analisis regresi logistik biner. Adapun determinan pengangguran lulusan perguruan tinggi adalah umur, status kawin dan status KRT berpengaruh signifikan dan negatif terhadap pengangguran lulusan perguruan tinggi. Sedangkan, jenis kelamin dan sektor pekerjaan berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap pengangguran lulusan perguruan tinggi. Kata Kunci: Pengangguran, Lulusan perguruan tinggi, Regresi Logistik Biner. Abstract Unemployment is one of the complex problems faced by every developing country in the world, including Indonesia. Based on official data from Statistics Indonesia (BPS), the number of unemployed people in Indonesia from 2015 to 2018 was never worth less than 7 million people, where the number of open unemployment rate (TPT) of college graduates is still high. This study aims to determine the factors that influence unemployment of tertiary education graduates in Indonesia in 2018 by using binary logistic regression analysis. The determinants of unemployment for college graduates are age, marital status and KRT status have a significant and negative effect on unemployment of college graduates. Meanwhile, gender and employment sector have a significant and positive effect on unemployment of college graduates. Keywords: Unemployment, College Graduates, Binary Logit Regression.
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Zwick, Thomas, and Jens Mohrenweiser. "Youth Unemployment After Apprenticeship Training and Individual, Occupation, and Training Employer Characteristics." Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik 235, no. 4-5 (August 1, 2015): 418–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbnst-2015-4-506.
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Summary This paper analyses the risk of unemployment, unemployment duration, and the risk of longterm unemployment immediately after apprenticeship graduation. Unemployed apprenticeship graduates constitute a large share of unemployed youth in Germany but unemployment incidence within this group is unequally distributed. Our paper extends previous research in three dimensions. It shows that (i) individual productivity assessment of the training firm, (ii) initial selection into high reputation training firms and occupations, and (iii) adverse selection of employer moving graduates are correlated with unemployment after apprenticeship graduation. The empirical evidence is obtained from the second longitudinal version of the linked employer-employee panel data from the IAB (LIAB). This large data set allows us to calculate the exact unemployment spell length of apprenticeship graduates. In addition, we can include individual, employer, occupation as well as industrial relation characteristics before and after apprenticeship graduation into our list of explanatory variables for unemployment risk. We show in several robustness checks that our results are remarkably stable when we vary the employees included in the sample, the definition of unemployment, and the list of explanatory variables.
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Janotová, Margita. "School Enrollment in Slovakia." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 46 (January 2015): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.46.65.
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In this paper the author analyzes the development of unemployed graduates in Slovakia. The aim of this paper is to analyze the course of unemployment of graduates, the main causes of unemployment and ways to address the situation in the labor market.
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Ohara, Eric, Slamet Prawiro Harto, and Rita Fransina Maruanaya. "Policy Shift to Reduce Unemployment of Vocational School Graduates in Indonesia (A National Study)." Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan 26, no. 2 (September 25, 2020): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jptk.v26i2.33144.
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One of the enduring issues and problems in Indonesia is the link and match between vocational secondary schools and the world of work in terms of quantity, quality, location, and time. This research focuses on the first issue i.e. quantity of vocational secondary school graduates in terms of supply and demand. The objective of this research was to explore the proportion of general secondary and vocational secondary school students, to find out the unemployment rate of both school types, and to identify policy alternatives to reduce the unemployment rate of vocational secondary school graduates. To achieve the objective, a quantitative descriptive research method was adopted. The research found that the national average proportion of students from general secondary schools and vocational secondary schools was 62.92%:37.08% in 2016 and 63.39%:36.61% in 2019. The national average unemployment rate of both school graduates was 8.72% and 11.11%% respectively in 2016, and 7.92% and 10.42% respectively in 2019. Thus, the unemployment rate of vocational secondary school graduates was higher than those of general secondary school graduates. In Java Island, however, where the population is about 40% of the Indonesian total population, the percentage of vocational secondary students increases significantly from 44.34%:55.66% in 2016 to 39.91%:60.09% in 2019. For this reason, a new policy is needed to reduce the unemployment rate of vocational secondary school graduates in the form of a moratorium for vocational secondary school expansion, particularly in Java Island. If for some reason, there is a need to build new vocational secondary schools in a certain area, it must be based on demand-driven guided by labor market signals. More comprehensively, a policy shift is required to reduce the unemployment of graduates from secondary vocational schools.
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Lessard-Phillips, Laurence, Vikki Boliver, Maria Pampaka, and Daniel Swain. "Exploring ethnic differences in the post-university destinations of Russell Group graduates." Ethnicities 18, no. 4 (June 9, 2018): 496–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468796818777543.
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The high aspirations of British ethnic minorities are evident in their high rates of participation in higher education. However, some ethnic minority groups remain strikingly under-represented in the most selective universities, and recent studies have shown that university graduates from ethnic minority backgrounds are less likely than otherwise comparable white graduates to gain employment in a higher salary, graduate-level job after their degree. This is likely to be due partly to the effects on graduate labour market outcomes of subject studied and university attended. However, no study to date has explored the graduate labour market outcomes for ethnic minority students in the UK’s most ‘prestigious’ universities, defined here as one of the 24 member institutions of the Russell Group. This article draws on data for recent graduates (2009–2013) from the Destinations of Leavers from Higher Education survey compiled by the UK’s Higher Education Statistics Agency. We explore ethnic differences in attainment in five distinct graduate destinations (employment in professional occupations; further study; employment in non-professional occupations; inactivity; and unemployment), controlling for educational and social background. Our results suggest that ethnic minority graduates of Russell Group are less likely than their white counterparts to fare well in the labour market and are more likely to adopt a compensatory strategy of further educational investment, that is a strategy of entering postgraduate education to avoid short-term unemployment or underemployment in a non-graduate job. Our findings challenge a key assumption of the government's social mobility policy agenda that graduating with a good degree from a highly selective university enables ethnic minorities to realise aspirations for upward social mobility.
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Yunitasari, Duwi, Khusnul Khotimah, and Moehammad Fathorrazi. "THE IMPLICATION OF BRAIN GAIN ON BRAIN DRAIN PHENOMENON IN OVERCOMING THE PROBLEM OF EDUCATED UNEMPLOYMENT IN INDONESIA." Sosiohumaniora 23, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/sosiohumaniora.v23i1.26749.
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The high number of educated unemployment of university graduates is a significant problem in Indonesia. This study aims to find out the effect of brain drain, economic growth, and provincial minimum wage on educated unemployment of university graduates in Indonesia. In this study, we were implementing brain gain on brain drain in Indonesia. This study uses panel data regression that describes the relationship between independent variable and dependent variables. There are two models from the panel data regression method: the Chow test and Hausman Test. The regression model used is fixed-effect model. The data is secondary data collected from Statistical Central Agency (BPS) and National Agency for Placement and Protection of Indonesia Labour (BNP2TKI) in 2014-2018. The results show that brain drain and economic growth influence the educated unemployment of university graduates but the provincial minimum wage does not have a significant relationship with the educated unemployment of University graduates in Indonesia.
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Mohd Abdul Kadir, Juliana, Navaz Naghavi, Geetha Subramaniam, and Nur A’amilyn Abdul Halim. "Unemployment among Graduates - Is there a Mismatch?" International Journal of Asian Social Science 10, no. 10 (2020): 583–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.1.2020.1010.583.592.
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OMRI, Ibtissem. "Graduates’ Unemployment and Entrepreneurship Quality in Tunisia." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 4, no. 4 (2019): 1220–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.4449.
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Atkinson, Helen, and Martin Pennington. "Unemployment of engineering graduates: the key issues." Engineering Education 7, no. 2 (December 2012): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.11120/ened.2012.07020007.
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Yang, Cheng-Cheng, and Sheng-Ju Chan. "Is Higher Education Expansion Related to Increasing Unemployment Rates?" International Journal of Chinese Education 5, no. 2 (February 24, 2017): 162–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22125868-12340066.
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A wide range of rationales can be used to expand participation in higher education. It is commonly believed that a highly educated workforce serves as a primary driver in elevating the productivity and efficiency of the industrial sector in general. Empirical evidence even suggests that over a lifetime, university graduates earn more than those with other educational attainments.1 However, an emerging counter-argument states that the supply of graduates might exceed the demand as there are not many graduate-level job vacancies. Against such a broad context, this article adopts longitudinal and comparative stances to investigate the extent to which higher education expansion is related to the unemployment rate in three East Asian societies: Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. Our empirical data show that the massification of higher education does matter, particularly beyond enrollment rates of more than 50%. Although universal access to higher education provides a more highly skilled workforce to knowledge-based economies, it might also lead to a higher unemployment rate, particularly in South Korea and Taiwan.
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LIM, HOCK-EAM. "PREDICTING LOW EMPLOYABILITY GRADUATES: THE CASE OF UNIVERSITI UTARA MALAYSIA." Singapore Economic Review 55, no. 03 (September 2010): 523–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590810003870.
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The persistence of the graduate unemployment problem warrants the need for predicting factors that are associated with low employability graduates. It is found that ethnicity, English language proficiency and types of degree obtained are significant predictors of graduates' employability which is measured either by the number of days being unemployed or probability of being unemployed. Compared to the Tobit model, the Probit model which does not accommodate the right censoring bias is found to have less predictive power in terms of the number of days being unemployed.
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Mohan, Malu, and T. K. Sundari Ravindran. "Unemployment and vulnerable financial situation among recent dental graduates of Kerala, India - Results from a cross-sectional study." Journal of Global Oral Health 1 (March 29, 2019): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/jgoh-12-2018.
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Objective: This study aims to examine the current employment characteristics and financial situation of recent dental graduates of Kerala, India, in the context of a drastic rise in the number of dental graduates in the state over the past two decades, following a policy change in dental education at the dawn of the 21st century. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 recent dental graduates selected using circular systematic random sampling from a sampling frame of all dental graduates who graduated in any dental college in Kerala between April 2014 and February 2018 and who have registered at the Kerala State Dental Council. Results: More than two-thirds of the participants were females. Graduates trained from private dental colleges formed the majority. A significant proportion was currently unemployed (27%). The private sector was the predominant employment avenue for the dental graduates (90.9%). A notable proportion of the study participants did not have a regular income (32.1%). The current employment status of the graduates showed a statistically significant difference in proportions according to gender, type of educational institution, and the employment status of the graduates’ male parents. There were significant differences in the current financial situation according to gender, caste, and training background. Conclusion: The study reveals the existence of a high rate of unemployment among the recent dental graduates of Kerala. Their financial situation is indicative of vulnerability and dependent status. These findings have major policy implications for dental training and regulation of dental profession in the country.
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HASSAN, MOHD SAYUTI, and Hakileswari Supramaniam. "Analysis Of Factors That Contribute To Unemployment Among Graduates at Kluang, Malaysia." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 8, no. 8 (August 29, 2021): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.88.10659.
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In the current situation, unemployment in Malaysia, in particular youth unemployment, has increased due to certain unbalance in the labor market, aggravated by the current economic and financial crisis. For example, many other young graduates are currently unemployed, referring to research in a career which also normally doesn't really demand a graduate degree. The above dilemma is debatable, and the explanation behind it is that the level of education could not help to address the rate of unemployment, but could further increase the prevalent social problem. Human resources, especially young people, are perhaps the country's most valuable asset. The solution to the problem of youth unemployment is therefore a matter of great concern. It requires the development of modern employment policies that are in line with economic realities. Sampling methods are being used to select a sample from the general population. For the data analysis, the researcher used the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) tool. the data that are showed the dependent variable which is an effect of unemployment or reliability test has an excellent reliability value is 0.702. While the independent variables of reliability test of factors of unemployment has a good reliability which is 0.730. Hence, the questionnaire that have been constructed are valid.
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Somerville, Fenella. "Capabilities for media graduate employability: a case study of private higher education in South Africa." Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education 11, Winter (March 15, 2020): 189–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jcihe.v11iwinter.1463.
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Unemployment is a significant concern in South Africa and employability has become increasingly central to the role of higher education. Government expects graduate labour to boost the economy, and students have aspirations for a better future. However, access to the workplace is often constrained by broader social, economic and political factors. This research sought to find out from media graduates about their experiences navigating the workplace, and to understand how private higher education enhances equitable opportunities for media graduate employability and well-being. In the rapidly changing world of digital technology, employment in the media is taking new forms that challenge how employability is defined and the attributes required of graduates.
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Şahin, Ayşegül, Joseph Song, Giorgio Topa, and Giovanni L. Violante. "Mismatch Unemployment." American Economic Review 104, no. 11 (November 1, 2014): 3529–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.11.3529.
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We develop a framework where mismatch between vacancies and job seekers across sectors translates into higher unemployment by lowering the aggregate job-finding rate. We use this framework to measure the contribution of mismatch to the recent rise in US unemployment by exploiting two sources of cross-sectional data on vacancies, JOLTS and HWOL. Our calculations indicate that mismatch, across industries and three-digit occupations, explains at most one-third of the total observed increase in the unemployment rate. Occupational mismatch has become especially more severe for college graduates, and in the West of the United States. Geographical mismatch unemployment plays no apparent role. (JEL E24, J22, J24, J41, J63)
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Eliophotou Menon, Maria, and Anastasia Athanasoula-Reppa. "Managing graduate unemployment: the case of education students in Cyprus." Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning 7, no. 2 (May 8, 2017): 168–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/heswbl-10-2016-0074.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the problems faced by unemployed and underemployed graduate students in a small European country. It focusses on the way young people adjust to unemployment and underemployment and on the specific strategies they use to enhance their employability. Various aspects of these strategies as they relate to student decision making and analysis are discussed. The role of new skills and competencies in managing graduate unemployment is examined. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative research was conducted with 15 graduate students of the Education Department of the University of Cyprus. In-depth interviews and focus-group interviews were used to collect data. Findings The results indicate that the main strategy used by respondents in order to enhance their prospects of employment is the acquisition of additional skills and competencies. A secondary strategy is the pursuit of employment opportunities abroad. Student decisions and perspectives appear to be optimistic, partially rational, placed within a short-term horizon and influenced by the belief in the investment value of education. Research limitations/implications The findings are qualitative and cannot be considered to be representative of the population. However, they allow an in-depth analysis of the way a group of students experiences and manages unemployment and underemployment. Originality/value The way young people deal with unemployment and underemployment has not been investigated in many studies, especially in relation to the degree to which graduates formulate specific strategies in order to manage the transition from the university to the world of work. Students’ and graduates’ perceptions regarding the association between skills and employment can provide the basis for more informed planning and policy making in higher education.
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Mahmudah, Umi. "Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model to Predict Graduate Unemployment in Indonesia." Practice and Theory in Systems of Education 12, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ptse-2017-0005.
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AbstractNowadays it is getting harder for higher education graduates in finding a decent job. This study aims to predict the graduate unemployment in Indonesia by using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. A time series data of the graduate unemployment from 2005 to 2016 is analyzed. The results suggest that ARIMA (1,2,0) is the best model for forecasting analysis, where there is a tendency of increasing number for the next ten periods. Furthermore, the average of point forecast for the next 10 periods is about 1,266,179 while its minimum value is 1,012,861 the maximum values is 1,523,156. Overall, ARIMA (1,2,0) provides an adequate forecasting model so that there is no potential for improvement.
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Ezeani, Elimma. "Barriers to graduate employment and entrepreneurship in Nigeria." Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies 10, no. 3 (September 3, 2018): 428–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeee-02-2017-0009.
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PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the challenges faced by Nigerian university graduates youths, in finding suitable employment or in embarking on entrepreneurship ventures.Design/methodology/approachThe research investigates the barriers to graduate employment and entrepreneurship in Nigeria starting from the hypothesis that there are other factors besides scarcity of jobs responsible for unemployment in Nigeria. Data from two qualitative research activities were analysed and the results tested, to determine the extent to which the research findings supported the initial hypothesis.FindingsThe findings confirm the researcher’s hypothesis that there are a number of factors, the two main ones being poor government policy and investment in education and low skills and technical incompetence of graduates, which constitute barriers to employment and entrepreneurship in Nigeria.Practical implicationsThe findings are clear on the urgency to revisit the Nigerian education and skills curricula and its capacity to facilitate employment and entrepreneurship, and government policy-making in this regard.Originality/valueThis study bases its recommendations for addressing Nigeria’s high graduate unemployment on empirical direct engagement with the primary stakeholder, that is, the Nigerian graduate. It clearly identifies that it is not merely scarcity of jobs but a myriad of factors requiring the urgent attention of both public and private sectors that constitute barriers to graduate employment and entrepreneurship in Nigeria.
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Ogbiji, Joseph Etiongbie. "Implementation of Entrepreneurship Education Programme in Tertiary Educational Institutions and Graduate Employment in Nigeria: The Perspective of Cross River State." International Journal of Human Resource Studies 8, no. 3 (August 14, 2018): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v8i3.13496.
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This research investigated the effects of the implementation of Entrepreneurship Education (ENT) programme among tertiary education institutions in Nigeria on graduates employment, with particular reference to Cross River State. Entrepreneurship Education programme was made mandatory for all tertiary educational institutions in Nigeria from 2007/2008 academic session as an antidote to the scourge of graduates unemployment in the country. Four research questions which investigated the extent of programme implementation, inculcation of love for entrepreneurship, graduates self-employment and general students perception of the programme were used to carry out the study. The study population compressed 26,000 graduates projected to have graduated from the four tertiary educational institutions in Cross River State within the ten years of the programme implementation. Using ex-post facto research design, a sample of 2,600 representing 10 percent of the population was studied, using 11-item researcher-made questionnaire titled “Entrepreneurship Education and Graduates Employment Questionnaire” Data analysis was done using simple percentages. The findings reveal that ENT is widely implemented (67.78%) among tertiary educational institutions; the course is not well taught (61.94) among schools; that there were no industrial experience or visits by learners (76.79%) but that the course has introduced learners to many trades (59.27) and that some beneficiaries of the course have becomes self-employed through the inspiration drawn from it (9.93%). There is a consensus view that the course holds great potentials for graduate employment (90.90%). From the findings it was concluded that ENT has great prospects for graduates self-employment and accordingly recommended for improvement in programme implementation.
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Mgaiwa, Samson John. "Fostering Graduate Employability: Rethinking Tanzania’s University Practices." SAGE Open 11, no. 2 (April 2021): 215824402110067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211006709.
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Globalization, partly spurred by technological innovation such as artificial intelligence and robotics, continues to disrupt not only economic trajectories and business models, especially in the developed world, but also the knowledge and skill requirements for graduates entering the labor market. A growing corpus of literature on graduates’ employability has identified barriers to employment ranging from skills mismatch to a lack of soft skills. Although the literature on graduate employability is informative and illuminating, the role of university practices in fostering graduate employability in sub-Saharan Africa, and Tanzania in particular, has been less studied. Drawing on the broader employability literature, this article provides a comprehensive analysis of the best university practices in an effort to address the unemployment problems of university graduates in sub-Saharan Africa and Tanzania in particular. Four critical university best practices for fostering graduate employability are of interest—developing effective university—industry partnerships, aligning university education with a country’s development plans, regular university curriculum reviews, and strengthening quality assurance systems. Therefore, this article contributes to the higher education literature on the role of university practices in fostering graduate employability.
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Mohd Hanefah, Mustafa, and Samihah Hj. Ismail. "The Skills Necessary For Work Place: Accounting Graduates’ Perceptions." Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting 1, no. 1 (January 6, 2003): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/19852510380000668.
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Many researchers have debated the relevance of accounting curriculum to the employers in the US and other developed counries. Accounting graduates are said to lack various skills that are important in today’s job market. Among them are technological skills, oral and communication skills, and professional skills. This phenomenon is not only common in developed countries, but als in the developing countries like Malaysia. In Malaysia, graduates from local universities and colleges are facing unemployment due to the lack of such skills. Although the Malaysian economy is performing better than other countries in this region, yet the unemployment rate among graduates is still high.
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Gajderowicz, Tomasz, Gabriela Grotkowska, and Leszek Wincenciak. "Determinants of Unemployment Duration Among Graduates in Poland." Gospodarka Narodowa 260, no. 11-12 (December 31, 2012): 79–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/gn/101021.
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Sekhar Patro, Chandra, and B. Lohit. "Impact of Unemployment on Engineering Graduates in Recession." IOSR Journal of Business and Management 16, no. 2 (2014): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/487x-16230106.
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Kakooza, Victoria, Robert Wamala, James Wokadala, and Thomas Bwire. "A Causal Model to Compare the Extent of Undergraduates’- Postgraduates’ Impact on Unemployment in Uganda." International Journal of Higher Education 8, no. 5 (August 21, 2019): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v8n5p110.
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The combination of technological unemployment and oversupply of graduates has increased competition in the labour markets. Postgraduates have been noted to hold more than one job and in some cases apply for jobs meant for undergraduates. Could this imply that post graduates have created more overall unemployment than undergraduates have, in the Ugandan labour market? This is the novel of this study. This was accomplished by a statistical model that comparatively analysed the bi-causal effect of postgraduates on unemployment; versus effect of undergraduates on unemployment. As such, the study utilised Uganda’s secondary data from 1991 to 2017, and employed the Vector Error Correction (VECM) model. The results of the study showed the existence of a long run impact of both the postgraduates and undergraduates on overall unemployment, but an insignificant impact in the short run. The postgraduates had a greater impact on unemployment in the long run, than the undergraduates. The study therefore reveals an affirmative answer to the aforementioned question.
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Pathmanathan, Prassanna, and Nadeeja Dodamgoda. "The Impact of Personal Characteristics on Personal Branding in Reflection to the Employability." Information Management and Business Review 10, no. 2 (September 2, 2018): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v10i2.2391.
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Unemployment is a major problem Sri Lanka is facing over the years. Although 22,000 graduates pass out every year from state and private universities, there is always a gap between what employers expect in a graduate and what the graduate could offer to the employer. This research focus on the employability of the IT graduates passing out from state and private universities, with specific reference to their personal characteristics and personal branding. Personal branding is a major concern with respect to the recruitment of any graduate. IT graduates especially are expected to have certain personal characteristics which determine their personal branding and influence their employability. The main objective of this research is to determine the impact of the personal characteristics such as personal identity, personal image and personal positioning on employability of IT graduates and to analyze their mediation effect with the personal branding. Further, an attempt is made to determine whether the personal branding and employability of IT graduates significantly differ based on the university type (state and private). The research mainly focuses on quantitative analysis by piloting a questionnaire to 300 IT graduates following a hypothetical deductive method. The findings through the quantitative data are followed up based on qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews with HR and Recruitment Managers of IT companies. Findings of this research revealed that personal characteristics have a strong impact on the employability of an IT graduate and this relationship is mediated by personal branding. Further, IT graduates passing out from private sector universities have stronger personal characteristics and personal branding compared to the graduates passing out from state sector universities. Thus, they are more employable compared to IT graduates passing out from state sector universities in Sri Lanka.
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De Grâce, Gaston-R., and Purushottam Joshi. "Estime de Soi, Solitude et Dépression Chez Les Chômeurs Diplômés D'Université Selon La Durée du Chômage: Une Comparaison Avec Les Non Diplômés." Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health 5, no. 1 (April 1, 1986): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.7870/cjcmh-1986-0009.
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The present research studies the level of self-esteem, loneliness and depression in a sample of unemployed university graduates, taking into consideration the duration of unemployment. Thus, the subjects are divided into three groups: recently unemployed (1 month and less), moderately unemployed (6-7 months), and chronically unemployed (11-12 months). The instruments used are The Social Self-Esteem Inventory, The U.C.L.A. Loneliness Scale, and the Beck Depression Scale. The results show that the level of self-esteem is significantly lower for the chronically unemployed as compared to the recently unemployed. On the other hand, loneliness is significantly greater for chronically unemployed than for recently unemployed. Finally, depression is significantly greater for the moderate group as compared to the recent one, and for chronically unemployed than for the recently unemployed. The results for the unemployed university graduates are significantly different from those obtained from non graduates on two variables: the recently unemployed graduates have a greater self-esteem than recently unemployed non graduates. Moreover, the chronically unemployed graduates experience more depression as compared to their non graduate counterparts.
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Sani, Abubakar, and Hazri Bin Jamil. "Graduates’ Employability through the University Entrepreneurship Curriculum Implementation: The Malaysian Context." Science Proceedings Series 1, no. 1 (March 21, 2019): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/sps.v1i1.512.
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Unemployment among Malaysian graduates has become a grievous issue, which attracts serious debates at several intellectual forums, seminars, conferences and other intellectual platforms. The concerned parties are government, academics, non-governmental agencies, academics and others. The issue makes other countries to question the Malaysian educational system and extensively affects the Malaysia’s vision of becoming developed country in 2025 (Ekpe, 2017). Thus, Malaysian government has identified three measures that could help to tackle the problem of unemployment among graduates. One, reforming the curricula to ensure quality and training. This was highlighted by the Prime Minister in his Budget speech in 2013. Second, the recent implementation of “1 Malaysia Training Scheme (SLIM) in 2011. Third, reforming the higher education curricula to stimulate the students’ mind set towards entrepreneurship (Bin Yusuf, Zainol & Bin Ibrahim, 2015; Bustamam & Abdul Halit, 2016). Nevertheless, the recent statistics (December, 2012-January, 2013), portray high level of unemployment among the graduates at the rate of 2.4 percent; and relatively signifies that graduates in Malaysia do not participate much in SLIM (Shamsuddin & Mohamed Mahfol, 2013; Statistics Labour Force, 2013).
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Tatum, Aerian. "Invite Students to Skip the Unemployment Line: How Health Information Management Education Programs Can Increase Employability with Support from HIM Stakeholders." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Perspectives in Higher Education 5, no. 1 (January 24, 2021): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jimphe.v5i1.2466.
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Students graduate from accredited programs every year with skills and competencies required by their profession of choice. However, employability remains an issue after graduation. Industry leaders and educators have a statistically significant difference in graduate preparedness for the workforce. When attempting to find a position in their career, graduates are told that without experience, they cannot secure a job. How does one attain the experience desired by employers? This paper posits that university connections and partnerships will assist graduates in securing positions and other required skills after graduation. The purpose of this paper is to extend the work started by Jackson, Lower, and Rudman, using an evidence-based management approach, to synthesize frameworks that will support allied health education programs with bridging the gap between curriculum, internships, practicums, and graduate employability. Also discussed will be the importance of considering both hard and soft skills in graduate employability.