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Journal articles on the topic 'Grain corps'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Hamlin, David. "“Dummes Geld”: Money, Grain, and the Occupation of Romania in WWI." Central European History 42, no. 3 (2009): 451–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938909990057.

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Romania entered World War I at a difficult moment for the Central Powers. The offensive against Verdun had been an extraordinarily bloody stalemate, one that sapped the officer corps' confidence in the leadership of General Erich von Falkenhayn. In June, Russia launched its great Brusilov offensive, pushing Austria-Hungary to the verge of capitulation. Soon thereafter, the British offensive against the Somme, itself a blood-soaked disaster, nonetheless revealed an astounding Entente advantage in war material. The first part of 1916 had not been kind to the armies of the Dual Alliance.

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2

Plutalova, Tatiana G., and Evgenia О. Chernova. "Yield Dynamics of Grain Crops Under Climate Change in Altai Krai." UNIVERSITY NEWS. NORTH-CAUCASIAN REGION. NATURAL SCIENCES SERIES, no. 1 (217) (March 31, 2023): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/1026-2237-2023-1-101-111.

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In order to find dependencies between yield of grain corps and moisture regime under conditions of climate change, data was studied for the period 1966-2018. Small climate aridization (hydrothermal coefficient index of G.T. Selyaninov (HTC) was decreasing during last decades) was found. For the first time, the norms of the HTC and productivity, and their deviations were calculated. The revealed peaks and declines in productivity confirm that the main factors are the hydrothermal characteristics of the transitional seasons. The most favorable agro-climatic conditions for the cultivation of the

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3

Tabacof, Diana. "Retour sur Dora, le grain de sable et la perle : de la trace somatique à la conversion." Revue française de psychosomatique 64, no. 2 (2023): 49–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfps.064.0049.

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La relecture du cas Dora par les psychosomaticiens français une cinquantaine d’années après sa publication a permis de faire ressortir la dimension traumatique et le noyau d’angoisse actuelle présents dans le matériel clinique de la célèbre patiente de Freud. À partir de certains concepts du corpus psychosomatique comme ceux de fixation somatique et noyau traumatique, l’auteur interroge la notion de « complaisance somatique » et de ses destins, celle-ci pouvant devenir un symptôme symbolique dans la lignée conversionnelle (perle), ou bien, rester pure trace d’excitations non-symbolisées (grain

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4

Maglio, Coraggio, Himangshu Das, and Frederick Fenner. "MODAL GRAIN SIZE EVOLUTION AS IT RELATES TO THE DREDGING AND PLACEMENT PROCESS - GALVESTON ISLAND, TEXAS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36v (December 31, 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36v.papers.7.

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During the fall and winter of 2015, a beneficial-use of dredged material project taking material from the Galveston Entrance Channel and placing it on a severely eroded beach of Galveston Island was conducted. This material was estimated to have 38percent fines. This operation was conducted again in the fall of 2019 and monitored for estimation of the loss of fines, changes in compaction and color from the dredging source to the beach. The local community and state funded the incremental cost at approximately $8 a cubic yard in 2015, and $10.5 a cubic yard in 2019 to have this material pumped

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5

Powers, William E. "SOURCE MATERIALS FOR LAKE MICHIGAN BEACHES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 4 (2000): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v4.6.

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The extensive wave erosion which has occurred in many parts of the Lake Michigan shoreline since I9I4.3 has centered interest on the materials composing the bluffs above the water line and on the amount and grain size of beach sediments yielded by wave erosion of these bluffs. The present study grew out of a preliminary mapping of the landform types and shore materials of the Lake Michigan basin carried out in 1952-53 for the Beach Erosion Board of the United States Army Corps of Engineers. The report prepared for the Beach Erosion Board summarized the geology of the Lake Michigan shoreline. T

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6

Jessell, M. W. "Grain Growth Microstructures as Indicators of Sample Evolution." Materials Science Forum 467-470 (October 2004): 1051–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.467-470.1051.

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Grain growth simulations using the microstructure simulation system Elle have been performed in materials with a pre-existing grain shape preferred orientation. As might be expected, the microstructure is completely modified by the end of the experiment, and grain areas have increased by a factor of seven. The area of material swept by the migrating grain boundaries was monitored, and it was found that at every stage, virtually all of the grains which survived the grain growth process contain one and only one core of unswept material. Remarkably these remnant unswept cores preserve a useable r

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Hamilton, Norman, and Carol J. Pudsey. "Magnetic properties of Upper Quaternary sediments from the Scotia Sea, Antarctica." Antarctic Science 13, no. 1 (2001): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102001000098.

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Magnetic properties of bulk sediment samples taken from three cores from the Scotia Sea, Antarctica were determined using a fully-automated variable field translation balance. Fine-grained detrital magnetite is identified as the principal carrier of remanence in these Upper Quaternary sediments which were deposited under the influence of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Inferred magnetite grain-size is consistent with published bulk grain-size data for these cores. Pseudo-single domain grains characterize Holocene samples, and larger, multi-domain grains occur in glacial samples from two of

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8

Zhang, Mincong, Kai Li, and HaiLin. "Recrystallization Behavior of Specially Oriented Grains during Dynamic Softening of Powder Superalloys." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2468, no. 1 (2023): 012028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2468/1/012028.

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Abstract By analyzing the degree of grain deformation of FGH96 alloy under different plastic deformation process parameters, as well as the relative frequency and distribution characteristics of recrystallized core and grain boundaries with different orientation differences, comprehensively considering the evolution law of grains of different sizes, the relationship between grain boundary characteristics and grain boundaries is studied. The correlation and evolution law between the nucleation mechanism of recrystallized grains, the growth characteristics of recrystallized cores, and related dy

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9

Purnomo, Purnomo. "Cooperation (Reciprocity) of Transmigration Community with Local Communities in Alur Village, Kecamatan Jorong, Kabupaten Tanah Laut." TROPICAL WETLAND JOURNAL 4, no. 2 (2018): 34–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/twj.v4i2.63.

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The background of this research is the economic cooperation between the transmigration community and the local community, form of the economic cooperation, and factors driving and inhibiting the economic cooperation between transmigration community and the local community. The purpose of this research is to identify the economic cooperation, to describe the form of the economic cooperation, and to describe factors driving and inhibiting the formation of the economic cooperation between the transmigration community and the local community in Alur Village. This study used qualitative method and

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10

Sipilä, O., B. Zhao, and P. Caselli. "Effect of grain size distribution and size-dependent grain heating on molecular abundances in starless and pre-stellar cores." Astronomy & Astrophysics 640 (August 2020): A94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038353.

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We present a new gas-grain chemical model to constrain the effect of grain size distribution on molecular abundances in physical conditions corresponding to starless and pre-stellar cores. We simultaneously introduce grain-size dependence for desorption efficiency induced by cosmic rays (CRs) and for grain equilibrium temperatures. The latter were calculated with a radiative transfer code via custom dust models built for the present work. We explicitly tracked of ice abundances on a set of grain populations. We find that the size-dependent CR desorption efficiency affects ice abundances in a h

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Iliescu, D., and I. Baker. "Effects of impurities and their redistribution during recrystallization of ice crystals." Journal of Glaciology 54, no. 185 (2008): 362–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/002214308784886216.

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AbstractIn order to examine the effects of solutes on recrystallization and subsequent grain growth in ice, both doped and undoped ice single crystals were extruded through a 120° equal-channel angular extrusion jig, in order to impart a large shear strain (∼1.15). Upon subsequent annealing at −3°C, the original single crystals recrystallized, in most cases to a new single crystal with a different orientation. Increasing the solute concentration (for H2SO4 to ∼200–300 ppb, and for NaCl, KCl and MgSO4 to >5 ppm) was found to significantly retard the growth and possibly, for H2SO4-doped ice,

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Baker, Ian, Daniel Iliescu, Rachel Obbard, Hui Chang, Benjamin Bostick, and Charles P. Daghlian. "Microstructural characterization of ice cores." Annals of Glaciology 42 (2005): 441–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756405781812853.

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AbstractIn this paper, we outline the use of Raman spectroscopy coupled with scanning confocal optical microscopy for determining the microstructural location of impurities in ice-core specimens. We also demonstrate how the orientations of grains and the misorientations across grain boundaries can be determined to high precision for ice polycrystals using either selected area channeling patterns or electron backscatter patterns in a scanning electron microscope.

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Hou, Zibing, Zhiqiang Peng, Zihang Zeng, and Kunhui Guo. "Determining Alloy Nucleation Core Origin and Grain Refinement Strategy Based on the Dependence Degree of Content Difference." Metals 12, no. 6 (2022): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12060946.

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What is nucleation core origin during alloy solidification, especially for equiaxed grains? Different dependence degrees of the magnitude or occurrence of element content variation could shed light on this long-standing issue in actual large ingots. Here, based on etched surface height and grayscale, element content distributions within the solid fraction in continuous casting billets and additive manufacturing samples are first obtained by only a two-dimensional surface. Then, combined with the phylogenetic trees, the rank correlation is applied to measure the dependence of content difference

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14

von Procházka, Azrael A., and T. J. Millar. "Species cycling and the enhancement of ammonia in pre-stellar cores." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 501, no. 1 (2020): 1228–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3650.

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ABSTRACT The quantity of NH3 produced on grain surfaces in the pre-stellar core is thought to be one of the determining factors regarding the chemical complexity achievable at later stages of stellar birth. In order to investigate how this quantity might be influenced by the gas–grain cycling of molecular material within the cloud, we employ a modified rates gas–grain chemical code and follow the time-dependent chemistry of NH3 as the system evolves. Our models incorporate an updated version of the most recent UDfA network of reaction rate coefficients, desorption from the grains through stand

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15

Sun, Zhongqiang, Shuangyue Lin, Cheng Peng, Songying Luo, Zhihui Cheng, and Xiuli Song. "Hydrodynamic Analysis of Sediment Deposition in Mangrove Wetlands of Zhanjiang Bay-Based on the Perspective of Sediment Grain Size." International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science 9, no. 5 (2024): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20240905.11.

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Grain size is an important parameter reflecting the characteristics of sedimentary dynamics, and mangrove wetland sediments record abundant sedimentary environmental information during transportation and deposition. To investigate the vertical characteristics of sediment grain size and sedimentary dynamic processes in the mangrove wetlands of Zhanjiang Bay, this study analyzed the grain size parameters, frequency distribution curves, and hydrodynamic characteristics of sediment cores collected from the mangrove wetlands in Nansan Island (A), the south of Techeng Island (B), Guanhai Promenade (

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16

Yuan, Rui, Rui Zhu, Jianhua Qu, Xincai You, Jun Wu, and Yunfei Huang. "Abnormal open-hole natural gamma ray (GR) log in Baikouquan Formation of Xiazijie Fan-delta, Mahu Depression, Junggar Basin, China." Open Geosciences 10, no. 1 (2018): 844–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2018-0066.

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Abstract Based on large amounts of cores, open-hole conventional logs and mineral components analysis, abnormal natural gamma ray (GR) log showing high values in conglomerates and low values in fine-grained sediments, are described and explained in Baikouquan Formation of Xiazijie Fan-delta, Mahu Depression, Junggar Basin. After observing cores, normalizing the GR log and correcting depth errors between both, the GR log values of individual grain-sized lithology are extracted and counted. When grain-size decreases, the average GR values of different sized grains increase generally. The GR valu

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17

Giang, Nguyen Chau, Thiem Hoang, Jeong-Gyu Kim, and Le Ngoc Tram. "Physical modelling of dust polarization from magnetically enhanced radiative torque alignment in protostellar cores with polaris." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 520, no. 3 (2023): 3788–826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad020.

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ABSTRACT Magnetic fields (B) are an important factor controlling the star-formation process. The leading method to observe B orientation is to use polarized thermal emission from aligned dust grains. In dense environments such as protostellar cores, however, dust grains may be inefficiently aligned owing to strong gas randomizations, making the use of dust polarization to trace Buncertain. The study of Hoang and Lazarian in 2016 demonstrated that grain alignment by radiative torques is enhanced if dust grains contain embedded iron inclusions. Here we extend the polaris code to study the effect

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18

Iqbal, Wasim, and Valentine Wakelam. "Nautilus multi-grain model: Importance of cosmic-ray-induced desorption in determining the chemical abundances in the ISM." Astronomy & Astrophysics 615 (July 2018): A20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201732486.

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Context. Species abundances in the interstellar medium (ISM) strongly depend on the chemistry occurring at the surfaces of the dust grains. To describe the complexity of the chemistry, various numerical models have been constructed. In most of these models, the grains are described by a single size of 0.1 μm. Aims. We study the impact on the abundances of many species observed in the cold cores by considering several grain sizes in the Nautilus multi-grain model. Methods. We used grain sizes with radii in the range of 0.005 μm to 0.25 μm. We sampled this range in many bins. We used the previou

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19

Lin, Yingying, Shuang Fang, Qi Dong, Tao Jiang, and Xingyu Ma. "Influence of Deformation Rate on Nucleation and Growth of Recrystallized Grains during Hot Deformation of Nickel-Based Powder Superalloys." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2468, no. 1 (2023): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2468/1/012026.

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Abstract High temperature uniaxial compression deformation test was carried out on nickel-based powder superalloy FGH96 alloy by thermal processing simulation test machine, and the relationship between grain boundary characteristics and nucleation mechanism of recrystallized grains, growth characteristics of recrystallized cores and related dynamic softening mechanisms was studied. According to the correlation and evolution law of grains, combined with the change trend of grain orientation during the deformation process, the recrystallization behavior characteristics of the grains with special

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20

Sipilä, Olli, Kedron Silsbee, and Paola Caselli. "A Revised Description of the Cosmic Ray Induced Desorption of Interstellar Ices." Astrophysical Journal 922, no. 2 (2021): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac23ce.

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Abstract Nonthermal desorption of ices on interstellar grains is required to explain observations of molecules that are not synthesized efficiently in the gas phase in cold dense clouds. Perhaps the most important nonthermal desorption mechanism is one induced by cosmic rays (CRs), which, when passing through a grain, heat it transiently to a high temperature—the grain cools back to its original equilibrium temperature via the (partial) sublimation of the ice. Current cosmic ray induced desorption (CRD) models assume a fixed grain cooling time. In this work, we present a revised description of

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Kalvāns, Juris, and Juris Roberts Kalnin. "Temperature Spectra of Interstellar Dust Grains Heated by Cosmic Rays. III. Mixed-composition Grains." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 263, no. 1 (2022): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ac92e6.

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Abstract Icy grains in the interstellar medium and star formation regions consist of a variety of materials. Such composite grains interact differently with cosmic-ray (CR) particles compared to simple single-material grains. We aim to calculate the spectra of energies and temperatures of mixed-composition grains undergoing whole-grain heating by CRs. The grains were assumed to consist of a mixture of carbon and olivine, covered by ices consisting of carbon oxides and water. The energy and temperature spectra for grains with radii 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 μm impacted by CRs were calculated for eight

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Binder, Tobias, Ilka Weikusat, Johannes Freitag, Christoph S. Garbe, Dietmar Wagenbach, and Sepp Kipfstuhl. "Microstructure through an Ice Sheet." Materials Science Forum 753 (March 2013): 481–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.753.481.

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Ice cores through an ice sheet can be regarded as a sample of a unique natural deformation experiment lasting up to a million years. Compared to other geological materials forming the earth‘s crust, the microstructure is directly accessible over the full depth. Controlled sublimation etching of polished ice sections reveals pores, air bubbles, grain boundaries and sub-grain boundaries at the surface. The microstructural features emanating at the surface are scanned. A dedicated method of digital image processing has been developed to extract and characterize the grain boundary networks. First

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Herbst, Eric. "Models of Gas-Grain Chemistry in Star-forming Regions." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 197 (2000): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900164757.

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It is difficult if not impossible to explain the abundances of assorted interstellar molecules in both the gaseous and condensed phases without the use of grain chemistry. Unfortunately, the chemistry occurring on grains is not well understood because of a variety of uncertainties including the nature, size, and shape of dust particles, the binding energies of key species, the dominant mechanism of surface chemistry, and the correct mathematical treatment of surface processes. Still, intrepid astrochemists have used granular chemistry in chemical models of an assortment of sources including co

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Moens, P. B., C. Heyting, A. J. Dietrich, W. van Raamsdonk, and Q. Chen. "Synaptonemal complex antigen location and conservation." Journal of Cell Biology 105, no. 1 (1987): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.105.1.93.

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The axial cores of chromosomes in the meiotic prophase nuclei of most sexually reproducing organisms play a pivotal role in the arrangement of chromatin, in the synapsis of homologous chromosomes, in the process of genetic recombination, and in the disjunction of chromosomes. We report an immunogold analysis of the axial cores and the synaptonemal complexes (SC) using two mouse monoclonal antibodies raised against isolated rat SCs. In Western blots of purified SCs, antibody II52F10 recognizes a 30- and a 33-kD peptide (Heyting, C., P. B. Moens, W. van Raamsdonk, A. J. J. Dietrich, A. C. G. Vin

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Giang, Nguyen Chau, Thiem Hoang, Le Ngoc Tram, et al. "On Planet Formation around Supermassive Black Holes and Grain Disruption Barriers by Radiative Torques." Astrophysical Journal 936, no. 2 (2022): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac80c2.

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Abstract It has recently been suggested that planets can form by dust coagulation in the tori of active galactic nuclei (AGN) with low luminosities of L bol ≲ 1042 erg s−1, constituting a new class of exoplanets orbiting supermassive black holes called blanets. However, large dust grains in the AGN torus may be rotationally disrupted by the radiative torque disruption (RATD) mechanism due to AGN radiation feedback, which would prevent blanet formation. To test this scenario, we adopt a simple smooth and a clumpy dust/gas distribution inside the torus region to study the effect of RATD on the e

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Kramer, C., R. Adam, P. Ade, et al. "NIKA2 observations of starless cores in Taurus and Perseus." EPJ Web of Conferences 293 (2024): 00027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202429300027.

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Dusty starless cores play an important role in regulating the initial phases of the formation of stars and planets. In their interiors, dust grains coagulate and ice mantles form, thereby changing the millimeter emissivities and hence the ability to cool. We mapped four regions with more than a dozen cores in the nearby Galactic filaments of Taurus and Perseus using the NIKA2 camera at the IRAM 30-meter telescope. Combining the 1mm to 2mm flux ratio maps with dust temperature maps from Herschel allowed to create maps of the dust emissivity index β1,2 at resolutions of 2430 and 5600 a.u. in Tau

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Masuda, Hiroshi, Hirobumi Tobe, Eiichi Sato, Yoshito Sugino, and Shigeharu Ukai. "Two-Dimensional Observation of the Core–Mantle Model for Superplastic Flow in an ODS Ferritic Steel." Materials Science Forum 838-839 (January 2016): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.838-839.100.

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Two-dimensional grain movements were microscopically observed in high-temperature shear deformation of an oxide-dispersion-strengthened ferritic steel with an elongated and aligned grain structure that was sheared in a direction perpendicular to the grain long axis. The microstructure was analyzed using electron back-scattered diffraction and electron channeling contrast imaging techniques before and after the shear deformation. Clear grain switching events, which are assumed to occur via grain-boundary sliding (GBS), were observed and the switching mechanism was characteristic of the core–man

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McDowell, Ian E., Kaitlin M. Keegan, S. McKenzie Skiles, et al. "A cold laboratory hyperspectral imaging system to map grain size and ice layer distributions in firn cores." Cryosphere 18, no. 4 (2024): 1925–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1925-2024.

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Abstract. The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are covered in a layer of porous firn. Knowledge of firn structure improves our understanding of ice sheet mass balance, supra- and englacial hydrology, and ice core paleoclimate records. While macroscale firn properties, such as firn density, are relatively easy to measure in the field or lab, more intensive measurements of microstructural properties are necessary to reduce uncertainty in remote sensing observations of mass balance, model meltwater infiltration, and constrain ice age – gas age differences in ice cores. Additionally, as the dura

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Nader, François, Patrick Pizette, Nicolin Govender, Daniel N. Wilke, and Jean-François Ferellec. "Modelling realistic ballast shape to study the lateral pull behaviour using GPU computing." EPJ Web of Conferences 249 (2021): 06003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124906003.

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The use of the Discrete Element Method to model engineering structures implementing granular materials has proven to be an efficient method to response under various behaviour conditions. However, the computational cost of the simulations increases rapidly, as the number of particles and particle shape complexity increases. An affordable solution to render problems computationally tractable is to use graphical processing units (GPU) for computing. Modern GPUs offer up 10496 compute cores, which allows for a greater parallelisation relative to 32-cores offered by high-end Central Processing Uni

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XUE, Y. Y., F. FENG, Y. K. TAO, Y. Q. WANG, P. H. HOR, and C. W. CHU. "dc SUSCEPTIBILITY AND CURRENT PATH IN Ag-SHEATHED Bi(Pb)2223 WIRES." Modern Physics Letters B 06, no. 06 (1992): 323–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984992000405.

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dc susceptibility has been used to interpret the percolation behavior of several Ag-sheathed 3-layer Bi(Pb)-compound wires. The wires have been synthesized to obtain relatively inferior transport critical current densities (J c ’s) from 0 to 8×103 A/cm 2 at 77 K and 0 T. Combined with SEM and X-ray data, our observations suggest that the superconductive cores in the wires are highly textured grains with a considerable fraction of voids. The neighboring Bi-grains in the same plane are frequently bridged by grains in the next layer. The transport supercurrent, therefore, flows in a zig-zag patte

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Fan, Sheng, David J. Prior, Brent Pooley, et al. "Grain growth of natural and synthetic ice at 0 °C." Cryosphere 17, no. 8 (2023): 3443–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3443-2023.

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Abstract. Grain growth can modify the microstructure of natural ice, including the grain size and crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO). To better understand grain-growth processes and kinetics, we compared microstructural data from synthetic and natural ice samples of similar starting grain sizes that were annealed at the solidus temperature (0 ∘C) for durations of a few hours to 33 d. The synthetic ice has a homogeneous initial microstructure characterized by polygonal grains, little intragranular distortion, few bubbles, and a near-random CPO. The natural ice samples were subsampled

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Lepp, Allison P., Lauren E. Miller, John B. Anderson, et al. "Insights into glacial processes from micromorphology of silt-sized sediment." Cryosphere 18, no. 5 (2024): 2297–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-2297-2024.

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Abstract. Silt-rich meltwater plume deposits (MPDs) analyzed from marine sediment cores have elucidated relationships that are clearly connected, yet difficult to constrain, between subglacial hydrology, ice-marginal landforms, and grounding-zone retreat patterns for several glacial catchments. Few attempts have been made to infer details of subglacial hydrology, such as flow regime, geometry of drainage pathways, and mode(s) of sediment transport through time, from grain-scale characteristics of MPDs. Using sediment samples from MPD, till, and grounding-zone proximal diamicton collected offsh

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Middleton, Beth A., and David J. Schimpf. "Sand movement and vegetation in the Apostle Islands, Lake Superior." Canadian Journal of Botany 64, no. 8 (1986): 1671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b86-223.

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Recent sand movement was inferred from grain morphology, modal grain size, and grain size distributional skewness of samples from the surfaces of beach–dune landscapes. Negative skewness indicated recent net deflation, and either positive skewness or small modal grain size indicated recent net aeolian accretion. Large grains that were shiny and angular indicated surfaces that could not have been deposited by wind. Net deflation occurred where vegetational cover was below 10%, in foredunes and an interdunal blowout. All other sites in dunal, interdunal, or forested zones showed evidence of net

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Xu, Wenrui, and Philip J. Armitage. "Revisiting Collisional Dust Growth in Class 0/I Protostellar Disks: Sweep-up Can Convert a Few 10 M _⊕ of Dust into Kilogram Pebbles in 0.1 Myr." Astrophysical Journal 946, no. 2 (2023): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acb7e5.

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Abstract Recent observations suggest that the first stages of planet formation likely take place in the Class 0/I phase of young stellar object evolution, when the star and the disk are still embedded in an infalling envelope. In this study we perform grain coagulation calculations to investigate the very first stage of planet formation, the collisional growth of dust grains, in Class 0/I disks. We find that the slow increase in grain mass by high-velocity collision with much smaller grains (“sweep-up”) allows ∼50 M ⊕ of grains to grow well beyond the fragmentation barrier into ∼kilogram pebbl

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Holley, E. A., C. Jilly-Rehak, A. A. Fulton, and B. Gorman. "Trace Element Zonation in Carlin-Type Pyrite: Tracking Ore-Forming Processes at the Nanoscale." Economic Geology 119, no. 5 (2024): 1139–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.5089.

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Abstract Carlin-type gold deposits are renowned for hosting gold in finely zoned hydrothermal pyrite, but the characteristics of this zonation are incompletely understood. We use new depth profile techniques in nanoscale secondary ionizing mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) to characterize the Au, Cu, As, Ag, and δ34S zoning in auriferous pyrite from eight gold deposits in Nevada: Carlin-type pyrite from Carlin, Deep Star, Beast, Turquoise Ridge and Getchell; Eocene dike pyrite from Beast, Betze Post, and Deep Star; and auriferous hydrothermal pyrite from the Lone Tree distal disseminated gold depos

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Jones, T. J., M. Bagley, M. Krejny, B. G. Andersson, and P. Bastien. "GRAIN ALIGNMENT IN STARLESS CORES." Astronomical Journal 149, no. 1 (2014): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/149/1/31.

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Xu, Lin Hao, Hai Chen Yu, and Hong Ping Zhang. "Preparation and Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline FeSiAl Powder Produced with Strip Cast Ingot Process." Materials Science Forum 849 (March 2016): 807–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.849.807.

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FeSiAl magnetic powder contains high cost-performance as inductance components, which is widely used in various fields. In the present investigation the structure, magnetic properties and properties of magnetic powder cores prepared by strip cast ingot process were studied, and then compared with FeSiAl magnetic powder prepared by ingot cast broken process. The results show that strip cast sheet contained much little grain which surround with big grain, while the ingot cast broken has big grain connect with each other. For FeSiAl magnetic powder prepared by strip cast ingot process, the bigger

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Le Gouellec, V. J. M., A. J. Maury, V. Guillet, et al. "A statistical analysis of dust polarization properties in ALMA observations of Class 0 protostellar cores." Astronomy & Astrophysics 644 (November 24, 2020): A11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038404.

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Context. Recent observational progress has challenged the dust grain-alignment theories used to explain the polarized dust emission routinely observed in star-forming cores. Aims. In an effort to improve our understanding of the dust grain alignment mechanism(s), we have gathered a dozen ALMA maps of (sub)millimeter-wavelength polarized dust emission from Class 0 protostars and carried out a comprehensive statistical analysis of dust polarization quantities. Methods. We analyze the statistical properties of the polarization fraction Pfrac and the dispersion of polarization position angles S. M

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Mapeo, R. B. M., R. M. Key (MBE), A. E. Moore, J. A. Mulder, N. J. Gardiner, and L. J. Robb. "Syn-Bushveld “granite sheets” associated with the Molopo Farms Complex intruding into Transvaal Supergroup strata in southern Botswana." South African Journal of Geology 126, no. 2 (2023): 161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/sajg.126.0012.

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Abstract LA-ICPMS U-Pb isotope analyses are presented for zircons from a thin granite sheet intersected in a borehole drilled into the upper Transvaal Supergroup wall rocks to the Molopo Farms Complex in southern Botswana. Many of the zircons have irregular or angular grain margins, and some have rounded cores. Approximately half of the analysed grains yielded concordant 207Pb/206Pb ages ranging between 2 282 ± 29 and 2 113 ± 16 Ma. Assuming that these grains were inherited from the surrounding upper Transvaal Supergroup sedimentary strata, the youngest zircon age provides a maximum deposition

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Hoang, Thiem, Le Ngoc Tram, Vo Hong Minh Phan, Nguyen Chau Giang, Nguyen Thi Phuong, and Nguyen Duc Dieu. "On Internal and External Alignment of Dust Grains in Protostellar Environments." Astronomical Journal 164, no. 6 (2022): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac9af5.

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Abstract Multiwavelength observations toward protostars reveal complex properties of dust polarization, which are challenging to interpret. Here we study the physical processes inducing the alignment of the grain axis of the maximum inertia moment with the angular momentum ( J ; i.e., internal alignment) and of J with the magnetic field (i.e., external alignment) of very large grains (VLGs; of radius a > 10 μm) using the alignment framework based on radiative torques (RATs) and mechanical torques (METs). We derive analytical formulae for critical sizes of grain alignment, assuming grains al

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Wakelam, V., E. Dartois, M. Chabot, et al. "Efficiency of non-thermal desorptions in cold-core conditions." Astronomy & Astrophysics 652 (August 2021): A63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039855.

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Context. Under cold conditions in dense cores, gas-phase molecules and atoms are depleted from the gas-phase to the surface of interstellar grains. Considering the time scales and physical conditions within these cores, a portion of these molecules has to be brought back into the gas-phase to explain their observation by milimeter telescopes. Aims. We tested the respective efficiencies of the different mechanisms commonly included in the models (photo-desorption, chemical desorption, and cosmic-ray-induced whole-grain heating). We also tested the addition of sputtering of ice grain mantles via

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Nittler, Larry R. "Presolar grains in the Solar System: Connections to stellar and interstellar organics." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4, S251 (2008): 343–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308021911.

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AbstractA small fraction of primitive meteorites and interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) consists of grains of presolar stardust. These grains have extremely unusual isotopic compositions, relative to all other planetary materials, indicating that they condensed in the outflows and explosions of prior generations of stars (Clayton & Nittler 2004). Identified presolar grain types include silicate, oxide and carbonaceous phases. The latter include graphitic carbon, diamond and SiC. Although many of these phases do not have a direct connection to organic chemistry, this is not true of the gr

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Aikawa, Yuri, Valentine Wakelam, Nami Sakai, R. T. Garrod, E. Herbst, and Satoshi Yamamoto. "Molecular evolution in star-forming cores: From prestellar cores to protostellar cores." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4, S251 (2008): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308021364.

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AbstractWe investigate the molecular abundances in protostellar cores by solving the gas-grain chemical reaction network. As a physical model of the core, we adopt a result of one-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamics calculation, which follows the contraction of an initially hydrostatic prestellar core to form a protostellar core. Temporal variation of molecular abundances is solved in multiple infalling shells, which enable us to investigate the spatial distribution of molecules in the evolving core. The shells pass through the warm region of T ~ 20–100 K in several 104 yr and falls onto the c

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Mikhailov, Alexander, Anatoly Baykov, and Ilya Navka. "Nature of the Elastic Grinding Tools Working Surface in the Contact Area with the Workpiece." Applied Mechanics and Materials 809-810 (November 2015): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.809-810.81.

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Formation of the ground surface is the result of the interaction of the cutting elements of the diamond tool with the material being processed, so the nature of the working surface geometry of the grinding wheel (WSW) has principal value on processed surface quality. One of the main parameters that characterize the geometry of the WSW is the law of the grain distribution vertex in height. However, statistical models do not reflect the real picture of the tool interaction with the material being processed in the modelling process of grinding tool on the elastic ligament used for final operation

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Wakelam, V., W. Iqbal, J.-P. Melisse, P. Gratier, M. Ruaud, and I. Bonnell. "Influence of galactic arm scale dynamics on the molecular composition of the cold and dense ISM III. Elemental depletion and shortcomings of the current physico-chemical models." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 497, no. 2 (2020): 2309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2016.

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ABSTRACT We present a study of the elemental depletion in the interstellar medium. We combined the results of a Galactic model describing the gas physical conditions during the formation of dense cores with a full-gas-grain chemical model. During the transition between diffuse and dense medium, the reservoirs of elements, initially atomic in the gas, are gradually depleted on dust grains (with a phase of neutralization for those which are ions). This process becomes efficient when the density is larger than 100 cm−3. If the dense material goes back into diffuse conditions, these elements are b

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Duscher, G., M. Kim, N. D. Browning, S. T. Pantelides, and S. J. Pennycook. "Non-Stoichiometry at Tilt Grain Boundaries in SrTiO3." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (2000): 114–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600033067.

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The origin of electrically active grain boundaries in perovskite oxides and related materials remains controversial. The stoichiometry of the grain boundary core structure and the role of oxygen vacancies are the key issues involved. Previous results have given no indications of any non-stoichiometry at SrTiO3 grain boundaries, despite the fact that SrTiO3 is the system where atomic column EELS resolution has been demonstrated [1], and where atomic resolution images of the core structures have been obtained by Z-contrast imaging [2,3]. Here we show EELS spectra from individual dislocation core

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Roberts, Helen, and T. J. Millar. "Deuterated as a probe of isotope fractionation in star-forming regions." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 364, no. 1848 (2006): 3063–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1878.

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Observations of molecular D/H ratios in the interstellar medium are used to probe the physical conditions, such as temperature, ionization fraction and the importance of gas–grain reactions. In cold, dense regions, such as cores which are collapsing to form stars, the level of deuterium fractionation depends on the conversion of into its deuterated isotopologues (H 2 D + , D 2 H + and ). The relative abundances of these molecules uniquely probe the centres of these cores where other, heavier, species have frozen onto dust grains. We present models of the deuterium chemistry close to the centre

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Ambrose, Hannah E., Yancy L. Shirley, and Samantha Scibelli. "A survey of CH2DOH towards starless and pre-stellar cores in the Taurus molecular cloud." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 501, no. 1 (2020): 347–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3649.

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ABSTRACT Recent observations indicate that organic molecules are prevalent towards starless and pre-stellar cores. Deuteration of these molecules has not been well studied during the starless phase. Published observations of singly deuterated methanol, CH2DOH, have only been observed in a couple of well-studied, dense, and evolved pre-stellar cores (e.g. L1544, L183). Since the formation of gas-phase methanol during this cold phase is believed to occur via desorption from the icy grain surfaces, observations of CH2DOH may be useful as a probe of the deuterium fraction in the ice mantles of dus

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Pineda, Jaime E., Jorma Harju, Paola Caselli, et al. "An Interferometric View of H-MM1. I. Direct Observation of NH₃ Depletion." Astronomical Journal 163, no. 6 (2022): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac6be7.

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Abstract Spectral lines of ammonia, NH3, are useful probes of the physical conditions in dense molecular cloud cores. In addition to advantages in spectroscopy, ammonia has also been suggested to be resistant to freezing onto grain surfaces, which should make it a superior tool for studying the interior parts of cold, dense cores. Here we present high-resolution NH3 observations with the Very Large Array and Green Bank Telescope toward a prestellar core. These observations show an outer region with a fractional NH3 abundance of X(NH3) = (1.975 ± 0.005) × 10−8 (±10% systematic), but it also rev

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Daneu, Nina, Goran Dražič, Matjaž Mazaj, Fabrice Barou, and José Alberto Padrón-Navarta. "Formation of contact and multiple cyclic cassiterite twins in SnO₂-based ceramics co-doped with cobalt and niobium oxides." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 78, no. 4 (2022): 695–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520622006758.

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Contact and multiple cyclic twins of cassiterite commonly form in SnO2-based ceramics when SnO2 is sintered with small additions of cobalt and niobium oxides (dual doping). In this work, it is shown that the formation of twins is a two-stage process that starts with epitaxial growth of SnO2 on CoNb2O6 and Co4Nb2O9 seeds (twin nucleation stage) and continues with the fast growth of (101) twin contacts (twin growth stage). Both secondary phases form below the temperature of enhanced densification and SnO2 grain growth; CoNb2O6 forms at ∼700°C and Co4Nb2O9 at ∼900°C. They are structurally related

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