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Journal articles on the topic 'Gram-negative bacteria; Sepsis; Peptides'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Scott, Monisha G., Michael R. Gold, and Robert E. W. Hancock. "Interaction of Cationic Peptides with Lipoteichoic Acid and Gram-Positive Bacteria." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 12 (1999): 6445–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.12.6445-6453.1999.

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ABSTRACT Compounds with antiendotoxin properties have been extensively studied for their potential as therapeutic agents for sepsis attributable to gram-negative bacteria. However, with the increasing incidence of gram-positive sepsis, there is interest in identifying compounds with a broad spectrum of action against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. A series of synthetic α-helical cationic peptides related to bee melittin and silk moth cecropin have previously been shown to bind lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with high affinity, inhibit LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) p

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Krishnan, Manigandan, Joonhyeok Choi, Ahjin Jang, and Yangmee Kim. "A Novel Peptide Antibiotic, Pro10-1D, Designed from Insect Defensin Shows Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities in Sepsis Models." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 17 (2020): 6216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176216.

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Owing to the challenges faced by conventional therapeutics, novel peptide antibiotics against multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacteria need to be urgently developed. We had previously designed Pro9-3 and Pro9-3D from the defensin of beetle Protaetia brevitarsis; they showed high antimicrobial activity with cytotoxicity. Here, we aimed to develop peptide antibiotics with bacterial cell selectivity and potent antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria. We designed 10-meric peptides with increased cationicity by adding Arg to the N-terminus of Pro9-3 (Pro10-1) and its D-enantio

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Boullet, Héloise, Fayçal Bentot, Arnaud Hequet, et al. "Small AntiMicrobial Peptide with In Vivo Activity Against Sepsis." Molecules 24, no. 9 (2019): 1702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24091702.

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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered as potential therapeutic sources of future antibiotics because of their broad-spectrum activities and alternative mechanisms of action compared to conventional antibiotics. Although AMPs present considerable advantages over conventional antibiotics, their clinical and commercial development still have some limitations, because of their potential toxicity, susceptibility to proteases, and high cost of production. To overcome these drawbacks, the use of peptides mimics is anticipated to avoid the proteolysis, while the identification of minimalist pep

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You, Deok-Gyun, Hye-Ra Lee, Hong-Kyu Kim, Gi-Young Lee, and Young-Do Yoo. "A Novel Peptide Derived from the Transmembrane Domain of Romo1 Is a Promising Candidate for Sepsis Treatment and Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 15 (2021): 8243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22158243.

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The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria through the abuse and long-term use of antibiotics is a serious health problem worldwide. Therefore, novel antimicrobial agents that can cure an infection from MDR bacteria, especially gram-negative bacteria, are urgently needed. Antimicrobial peptides, part of the innate immunity system, have been studied to find bactericidal agents potent against MDR bacteria. However, they have many problems, such as restrained systemic activity and cytotoxicity. In a previous study, we suggested that the K58–R78 domain of Romo1, a mitochondrial protein en

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Mohanram, Harini, and Surajit Bhattacharjya. "Resurrecting Inactive Antimicrobial Peptides from the Lipopolysaccharide Trap." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 58, no. 4 (2014): 1987–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.02321-13.

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ABSTRACTHost defense antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising source of antibiotics for the treatment of multiple-drug-resistant pathogens. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, functions as a permeability barrier against a variety of molecules, including AMPs. Further, LPS or endotoxin is the causative agent of sepsis killing 100,000 people per year in the United States alone. LPS can restrict the activity of AMPs inducing aggregations at the outer membrane, as observed for frog AMPs, temporins, and also in mod

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Zhong, Wenbin, Zhenyu Shi, Surendra H. Mahadevegowda, et al. "Designer broad-spectrum polyimidazolium antibiotics." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 49 (2020): 31376–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011024117.

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For a myriad of different reasons most antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have failed to reach clinical application. Different AMPs have different shortcomings including but not limited to toxicity issues, potency, limited spectrum of activity, or reduced activity in situ. We synthesized several cationic peptide mimics, main-chain cationic polyimidazoliums (PIMs), and discovered that, although select PIMs show little acute mammalian cell toxicity, they are potent broad-spectrum antibiotics with activity against even pan-antibiotic-resistant gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and mycobacteria

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Jang, Mihee, Jieun Kim, Yujin Choi, JeongKyu Bang, and Yangmee Kim. "Antiseptic Effect of Ps-K18: Mechanism of Its Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 19 (2019): 4895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20194895.

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Recently, bioactive peptides have attracted attention for their therapeutic applications in the pharmaceutical industry. Among them, antimicrobial peptides are candidates for new antibiotic drugs. Since pseudin-2 (Ps), isolated from the skin of the paradoxical frog Pseudis paradoxa, shows broad-spectrum antibacterial activity with high cytotoxicity, we previously designed Ps-K18 with a Lys substitution for Leu18 in Ps, which showed high antibacterial activity and low toxicity. Here, we examined the potency of Ps-K18, aiming to develop antibiotics derived from bioactive peptides for the treatme

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Silva, Osmar N., Isabel C. M. Fensterseifer, Elaine A. Rodrigues, et al. "Clavanin A Improves Outcome of Complications from Different Bacterial Infections." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 59, no. 3 (2014): 1620–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.03732-14.

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ABSTRACTThe rapid increase in the incidence of multidrug-resistant infections today has led to enormous interest in antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as suitable compounds for developing unusual antibiotics. In this study, clavanin A, an antimicrobial peptide previously isolated from the marine tunicateStyela clava, was selected as a purposeful molecule that could be used in controlling infection and further synthesized. Clavanin A wasin vitroevaluated againstStaphylococcus aureusandEscherichia colias well as toward L929 mouse fibroblasts and skin primary cells (SPCs). Moreover, this peptide was c

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Kaempfer, Raymond. "Bacterial Superantigen Toxins, CD28, and Drug Development." Toxins 10, no. 11 (2018): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins10110459.

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During severe bacterial infections, death and disease are often caused by an overly strong immune response of the human host. Acute toxic shock is induced by superantigen toxins, a diverse set of proteins secreted by Gram-positive staphylococcal and streptococcal bacterial strains that overstimulate the inflammatory response by orders of magnitude. The need to protect from superantigen toxins led to our discovery that in addition to the well-known MHC class II and T cell receptors, the principal costimulatory receptor, CD28, and its constitutively expressed coligand, B7-2 (CD86), previously th

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Wohlfart, Sabrina, Michael Kilian, Philip Storck, Thomas Gutsmann, Klaus Brandenburg, and Walter Mier. "Mass Spectrometric Quantification of the Antimicrobial Peptide Pep19-2.5 with Stable Isotope Labeling and Acidic Hydrolysis." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 9 (2021): 1342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13091342.

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Sepsis is the number one cause of death in intensive care units. This life-threatening condition is caused by bacterial infections and triggered by endotoxins of Gram-negative bacteria that leads to an overreaction of the immune system. The synthetic anti-lipopolysaccharide peptide Pep19-2.5 is a promising candidate for the treatment of sepsis as it binds sepsis-inducing lipopolysaccharides and thus prevents initiation of septic shock. For clinical evaluation precise quantification of the peptide in blood and tissue is required. As the peptide is not extractable from biological samples by comm

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Hellman, Judith, Paul M. Loiselle, Megan M. Tehan, et al. "Outer Membrane Protein A, Peptidoglycan-Associated Lipoprotein, and Murein Lipoprotein Are Released by Escherichia coli Bacteria into Serum." Infection and Immunity 68, no. 5 (2000): 2566–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.5.2566-2572.2000.

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ABSTRACT Complexes containing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and three outer membrane proteins (OMPs) are released by gram-negative bacteria incubated in human serum and into the circulation in an experimental model of sepsis. The same OMPs are bound by immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the cross-protective antiserum raised to Escherichia coliJ5 (anti-J5 IgG). This study was performed to identify the three OMPs. The 35-kDa OMP was identified as outer membrane protein A (OmpA) by immunoblotting studies using OmpA-deficient bacteria and recombinant OmpA protein. The 18-kDa OMP was identified as peptidoglycan-

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Pulido, David, Mohammed Moussaoui, David Andreu, M. Victòria Nogués, Marc Torrent, and Ester Boix. "Antimicrobial Action and Cell Agglutination by the Eosinophil Cationic Protein Are Modulated by the Cell Wall Lipopolysaccharide Structure." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, no. 5 (2012): 2378–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.06107-11.

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ABSTRACTAntimicrobial proteins and peptides (AMPs) are essential effectors of innate immunity, acting as a first line of defense against bacterial infections. Many AMPs exhibit high affinity for cell wall structures such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a potent endotoxin able to induce sepsis. Hence, understanding how AMPs can interact with and neutralize LPS endotoxin is of special relevance for human health. Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) is an eosinophil secreted protein with high activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. ECP has a remarkable affinity for LPS and a dis

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Verbeek, Walter, Julie Lekstrom-Himes, Dorothy J. Park та ін. "Myeloid Transcription Factor C/EBPɛ Is Involved in the Positive Regulation of Lactoferrin Gene Expression in Neutrophils". Blood 94, № 9 (1999): 3141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v94.9.3141.

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Abstract Targeted mutation of the myeloid transcription factor C/EBPɛ in mice results in gram-negative septic death at 3 to 5 months of age. This study defines the underlying molecular defects in their terminal granulocytic differentiation. The mRNA for the precursor protein of the cathelin-related antimicrobial peptides was almost completely absent in the bone marrow cells of C/EBPɛ−/− mice. This finding may help explain their susceptibility to gram-negative sepsis, because both are bacteriocidal peptides with potent activity against gram-negative bacteria. Superoxide production was found to

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Verbeek, Walter, Julie Lekstrom-Himes, Dorothy J. Park та ін. "Myeloid Transcription Factor C/EBPɛ Is Involved in the Positive Regulation of Lactoferrin Gene Expression in Neutrophils". Blood 94, № 9 (1999): 3141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v94.9.3141.421k41_3141_3150.

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Targeted mutation of the myeloid transcription factor C/EBPɛ in mice results in gram-negative septic death at 3 to 5 months of age. This study defines the underlying molecular defects in their terminal granulocytic differentiation. The mRNA for the precursor protein of the cathelin-related antimicrobial peptides was almost completely absent in the bone marrow cells of C/EBPɛ−/− mice. This finding may help explain their susceptibility to gram-negative sepsis, because both are bacteriocidal peptides with potent activity against gram-negative bacteria. Superoxide production was found to be reduce

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Giacometti, Andrea, Oscar Cirioni, Roberto Ghiselli, et al. "Interaction of Antimicrobial Peptide Temporin L with Lipopolysaccharide In Vitro and in Experimental Rat Models of Septic Shock Caused by Gram-Negative Bacteria." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 50, no. 7 (2006): 2478–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01553-05.

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ABSTRACT Sepsis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients, despite intense efforts to improve survival. The primary lead for septic shock results from activation of host effector cells by endotoxin, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) associated with cell membranes of gram-negative bacteria. For these reasons, the quest for compounds with antiendotoxin properties is actively pursued. We investigated the efficacy of the amphibian skin antimicrobial peptide temporin L in binding Escherichia coli LPS in vitro and counteracting its effects in vivo. Temporin L strongly boun

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Cirioni, Oscar, Oriana Simonetti, Gianluca Morroni, et al. "Efficacy of Pexiganan Combination with Tigecycline in a Mouse Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Sepsis." Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 18, no. 24 (2019): 2127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026619666181219123431.

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Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative pathogen, associated with a severe mortality rate. It is also difficult to treat due to numerous resistance mechanisms to a wide range of antibiotics. Objective: Evaluate the activity of pexiganan, an antimicrobial peptide, in combination with two clinical antibiotics (azithromycin and tigecycline) that are not active against P. aeruginosa. Methods: Ten clinical P. aeruginosa were isolated from urinary tract infections, blood culture, skin infections and respiratory tract infections. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and synergies we

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Bannerman, Douglas D., Michael J. Fitzpatrick, Dell Y. Anderson, et al. "Endotoxin-Neutralizing Protein Protects against Endotoxin-Induced Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction." Infection and Immunity 66, no. 4 (1998): 1400–1407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.66.4.1400-1407.1998.

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ABSTRACT Bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin, actin reorganization, and opening of the transendothelial paracellular pathway through which macromoles flux. In this study, lipid A was shown to be the bioactive portion of the lipopolysaccharide molecule responsible for changes in endothelial barrier function. We then studied whether endotoxin-neutralizing protein, a recombinant peptide that is derived from Limulus antilipopolysaccharide factor and targets lipid A, could block the effects of lipopolysaccharide on protein tyrosine phosphorylation, actin organi

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Anandan, Anandhi, Genevieve L. Evans, Karmen Condic-Jurkic, et al. "Structure of a lipid A phosphoethanolamine transferase suggests how conformational changes govern substrate binding." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 9 (2017): 2218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1612927114.

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Multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacteria have increased the prevalence of fatal sepsis in modern times. Colistin is a cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) antibiotic that permeabilizes the bacterial outer membrane (OM) and has been used to treat these infections. The OM outer leaflet is comprised of endotoxin containing lipid A, which can be modified to increase resistance to CAMPs and prevent clearance by the innate immune response. One type of lipid A modification involves the addition of phosphoethanolamine to the 1 and 4′ headgroup positions by phosphoethanolamine transferases. Pr

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Iwagaki, Akitaka, Massimo Porro, and Matthew Pollack. "Influence of Synthetic Antiendotoxin Peptides on Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Recognition and LPS-Induced Proinflammatory Cytokine Responses by Cells Expressing Membrane-Bound CD14." Infection and Immunity 68, no. 3 (2000): 1655–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.3.1655-1663.2000.

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ABSTRACT Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are proinflammatory bacterial products implicated in the pathogenesis of gram-negative sepsis and septic shock. Polymyxin B (PMB), a cyclic, cationic peptide antibiotic, inhibits biological activities of LPS through high-affinity binding to the lipid A moiety. Small synthetic peptides have been designed to mimic the primary and secondary structures of PMB to determine structural requirements for binding and detoxification of lipid A and to assess possible therapeutic potential. The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast the endotoxin-neutralizing a

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Muranski, Pawel, Manuel Franco-Colon, Dhanalakshmi Chinnasamy, et al. "Ex Vivo Generation of CD4+ Th17 Cells to Prevent and Treat Infection from Antibiotic-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae in Immunocompromised Patients." Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 2445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.2445.2445.

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Abstract Klebsiella (K.)pneumoniae is an important cause of Gram-negative nosocomial infections. Recent worldwide emergence of K. pneumoniae producing carbapenemase (KPC) poses a significant problem for stem cell transplantation (SCT) recipients and patients whose immunity is impaired. Such patients have few treatment options and face mortality rates over 50%. Novel strategies are needed. Emerging evidence suggests that, in addition to granulocytes, Th17 cells and IL-17 augment immunity against many bacteria including K. pneumonia. Th17 cells bridge innate and adaptive responses preventing bac

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Franco-Colon, Manuel, Kong Chen, Dhanalakshmi Chinnasamy, et al. "Ex Vivo Generation Of CD4+ T Cells To Prevent and Treat Infection From Antibiotic-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae In Immunocompromised Patients." Blood 122, no. 21 (2013): 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.2022.2022.

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Abstract Antibiotic resistance is becoming an increasingly significant challenge facing the healthcare system. Klebsiella (K.)pneumoniae is an important cause of Gram-negative nosocomial infections. Recently strains of K. pneumoniae producing carbapenemase (KPC) have emerged worldwide. KPC-Klebsiella infection is a significant problem for stem cell transplantation (SCT) recipients and patients whose immunity is impaired by leukemia, aplastic anemia, cancer or genetic abnormalities of host defense. Immunocompromised patients infected with KPC-Klebsiella (frequently pan-resistant to antibiotics)

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Wong, Kwong-Fai, and John Luk. "Endotoxin-Neutralizing Peptides as Gram-Negative Sepsis Therapeutics." Protein & Peptide Letters 16, no. 5 (2009): 539–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986609788167761.

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Campos, Miguel A., Pau Morey, and José A. Bengoechea. "Quinolones Sensitize Gram-Negative Bacteria to Antimicrobial Peptides." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 50, no. 7 (2006): 2361–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01437-05.

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ABSTRACT The treatment of infections caused by bacteria resistant to the vast majority of antibiotics is a challenge worldwide. Antimicrobial peptides (APs) make up the front line of defense in those areas exposed to microorganisms, and there is intensive research to explore their use as new antibacterial agents. On the other hand, it is known that subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics affect the expression of numerous bacterial traits. In this work we evaluated whether treatment of bacteria with subinhibitory concentrations of quinolones may alter the sensitivity to APs. A 1-h treatment

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Gruenheid, Samantha, and Hervé Moual. "Resistance to antimicrobial peptides in Gram-negative bacteria." FEMS Microbiology Letters 330, no. 2 (2012): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02528.x.

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DeMarsh, Peter L., Grace I. Wells, Thomas F. Lewandowski, Carrie L. Frey, Pradip K. Bhatnagar, and Evelyn Judith R. Ostovic. "Treatment of Experimental Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacterial Sepsis with the Hematoregulatory Peptide SK&F 107647." Journal of Infectious Diseases 173, no. 1 (1996): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/173.1.203.

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Jannah, Siti Nurul, Muhammad Vitanata Arfijanto, Musofa Rusli, and Agung Dwi Wahyu Widodo. "Sepsis: Antibiotic Resistances of Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial in a Tertiary Care Hospital." JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga 12, no. 1 (2021): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/juxta.v12i12021.29-37.

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Introduction: Sepsis is a systemic infection that causes multiorgan failure and death. The death rate that is caused by sepsis is increasing. This high value of death has a correlation with the resistance of antibiotics. However, increased antibiotic resistance is not balanced with new research about antibiotics. As a consequence, it causes difficulties in handling sepsis patients who need antibiotic 1-2 hours after diagnosis is enforced. Methods: This was a descriptive study with case study design to analyze medical records of the patients, evaluating the pattern of bacterial resistance to an

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Feezor, Robert J., Caroline Oberholzer, Henry V. Baker, et al. "Molecular Characterization of the Acute Inflammatory Response to Infections with Gram-Negative versus Gram-Positive Bacteria." Infection and Immunity 71, no. 10 (2003): 5803–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.10.5803-5813.2003.

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ABSTRACT Sepsis caused by gram-negative bacteria and that caused by gram-positive bacteria often manifest similar clinical features. We investigated plasma proinflammatory cytokine profiles in patients with sepsis due to gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and studied the cytokine production and differential gene regulation of leukocytes stimulated ex vivo with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide or heat-killed Staphylococcus aureus. Concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), IL-8, IL-10, IL-18 binding protein, procalcitonin, and protein C i

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Shirin, Mahfuza, M. Monir Hossain, Manifa Afrin, and Mohammad Abdullah Al Mamun. "Bacterial etiology and antibiotic resistance pattern of neonatal sepsis: a study in a tertiary care hospital, in Bangladesh." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 6, no. 5 (2019): 1839. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20193098.

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Background: Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. The objective of the study was to detect causative microorganisms of neonatal sepsis and their antimicrobial resistance patterns.Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2017 to June 2018 in the Department of Neonatal Medicine and NICU of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital (DSH). Neonates diagnosed with probable sepsis were studied. After enrollment, 1 mL blood was taken and sent to Microbiology department of DSH for culture and sensitivity. With baseline characteristics, clinical e

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Raha, Biplob Kumar, Md Abdul Baki, Tahmina Begum, and Nazmun Nahar. "Organism Specific Response of Platelet Count in Neonatal Sepsis." BIRDEM Medical Journal 4, no. 2 (2014): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v4i2.33193.

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Background: Neonatal sepsis is one of the major causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries and it is caused by Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria and fungi. Thrombocytopenia has been used as an early but nonspecific marker for sepsis. About 75% of culture positive neonates have thrombocytopenia. The severity and duration of thrombocytopenia varies in different types of organism. So, the objectives of this study were to examine platelet counts and platelet indices in neonates with culture proven sepsis and to determine if there was an organism s

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Juncker, Agnieszka S., Hanni Willenbrock, Gunnar von Heijne, Søren Brunak, Henrik Nielsen, and Anders Krogh. "Prediction of lipoprotein signal peptides in Gram-negative bacteria." Protein Science 12, no. 8 (2003): 1652–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1110/ps.0303703.

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Huynh, Loan, Jeanette Velásquez, Roel Rabara, Supratim Basu, Hau B. Nguyen, and Goutam Gupta. "Rational design of antimicrobial peptides targeting Gram-negative bacteria." Computational Biology and Chemistry 92 (June 2021): 107475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2021.107475.

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Sabatier, Jean-Marc. "Antibacterial Peptides." Antibiotics 9, no. 4 (2020): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9040142.

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As natural host defense compounds produced by numerous prokaryotic and eukaryotic life forms, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are now emerging as solid candidate chemotherapeutic drugs to fight against the various types of pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, especially those resistant to current antibiotics [...]

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Jones, Amanda L., Rachel H. V. Needham, and Craig E. Rubens. "The Delta Subunit of RNA Polymerase Is Required for Virulence of Streptococcus agalactiae." Infection and Immunity 71, no. 7 (2003): 4011–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.7.4011-4017.2003.

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ABSTRACT Group B streptococci (GBS) remain the most significant bacterial pathogen causing neonatal sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis in the United States despite the chemoprophylaxis strategies for preventing infection recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Using signature-tagged transposon mutagenesis to screen for novel virulence factors, we identified the rpoE gene as essential for development of sepsis in a neonatal rat model of GBS infection. An rpoE allelic replacement mutant displayed attenuated virulence in the sepsis model of infection identical to that of the

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Heinbockel, Lena, Susana Sánchez-Gómez, Guillermo Martinez de Tejada, et al. "Preclinical Investigations Reveal the Broad-Spectrum Neutralizing Activity of Peptide Pep19-2.5 on Bacterial Pathogenicity Factors." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, no. 3 (2013): 1480–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.02066-12.

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ABSTRACTBacterial infections are known to cause severe health-threatening conditions, including sepsis. All attempts to get this disease under control failed in the past, and especially in times of increasing antibiotic resistance, this leads to one of the most urgent medical challenges of our times. We designed a peptide to bind with high affinity to endotoxins, one of the most potent pathogenicity factors involved in triggering sepsis. The peptide Pep19-2.5 reveals high endotoxin neutralization efficiencyin vitro, and here, we demonstrate its antiseptic/anti-inflammatory effectsin vivoin the

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Mushtaq, Saba, Sohail Ashraf, Lubna Ghazal, Rida Zahid, Basharat Hussain, and Jamila Dr. "Bacteriological Profile and their Susceptibility Pattern in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Tertiary Care Hospital in Wah." Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College 24, no. 3 (2020): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v24i3.1310.

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Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by multiple symptoms and signs of infection during the first month of life. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of commonly isolated bacteria from patients of neonatal sepsis and their susceptibility patterns in POF hospital at Wah. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in POF Hospital Neonatal intensive care unit and Microbiology laboratory from January 2018 to December 2019. The blood samples of patients suspected with neonatal sepsis were processed as per standard methodology.

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Rotem, Shahar, Inna Radzishevsky, and Amram Mor. "Physicochemical Properties That Enhance Discriminative Antibacterial Activity of Short Dermaseptin Derivatives." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 50, no. 8 (2006): 2666–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00030-06.

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ABSTRACT Antimicrobial peptides are widely believed to exert their effects by nonspecific mechanisms. We assessed the extent to which physicochemical properties can be exploited to promote discriminative activity by manipulating the N-terminal sequence of the 13-mer dermaseptin derivative K4-S4(1-13) (P). Inhibitory activity determined in culture media against 16 strains of bacteria showed that when its hydrophobicity and charge were changed, P became predominantly active against either gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria. Thus, conjugation of various aminoacyl-lysin moieties (e.g., aminoh

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Ma, Liping, Xiu-Ju Wang, Da-Nian Nie, et al. "Increased Expressions of Toll-Like Receptor 4 on Platelet Are Related to Type of Bacteria and Disease Severity in Patients with Sepsis." Blood 112, no. 11 (2008): 5365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.5365.5365.

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Abstract Early diagnosis and treatment of patients with sepsis remain a common and severe problem, especially in leukopenic patients.. Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) plays a crucial role in immunity as the first defenses system against microbial infection through binding gram-negative bacterial LPS. Blood platelets are not only involved in hemostasis, they also have many features of classic inflammatory cells. The expression of TLR4 on platelet in patients with sepsis, including gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria, is not known. Studying the differences between them, we investigated

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Duperthuy, Marylise. "Antimicrobial Peptides: Virulence and Resistance Modulation in Gram-Negative Bacteria." Microorganisms 8, no. 2 (2020): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8020280.

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Growing resistance to antibiotics is one of the biggest threats to human health. One of the possibilities to overcome this resistance is to use and develop alternative molecules such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). However, an increasing number of studies have shown that bacterial resistance to AMPs does exist. Since AMPs are immunity molecules, it is important to ensure that their potential therapeutic use is not harmful in the long term. Recently, several studies have focused on the adaptation of Gram-negative bacteria to subinhibitory concentrations of AMPs. Such concentrations are common

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Huynh, Loan K., and Goutam Gupta. "Rational Design of New Antimicrobial Peptides Targeting Gram Negative Bacteria." Biophysical Journal 112, no. 3 (2017): 386a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2016.11.2098.

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Kopitsyna, M. N., A. S. Morozov, I. V. Bessonov, V. M. Pisarev, E. S. Lobakova, and O. V. Bukharin. "LIGANDS FOR SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES FROM GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA." Journal of microbiology epidemiology immunobiology, no. 3 (June 28, 2017): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2017-3-115-126.

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Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are highly toxic molecules released during the lysis of bacterial cells. They play important role in the pathogenesis of sepsis, and can contaminate pharmaceuticals, so removing them from aqueous solutions and biological fluids is an extremely important task. Structure of LPS and its toxicity for various animals are presented in this review. Various low- and high-molecular ligands, suitable for efficient binding and removal LPS from solutions are studied and demonstrated. The main attention is paid to the relationship between the chemical structure of the li

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Blanco, A., G. Solis, E. Arranz, GD Coto, A. Ramos, and J. Telleria. "Serum levels of CD14 in neonatal sepsis by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria." Acta Paediatrica 85, no. 6 (1996): 728–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1996.tb14135.x.

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Nguyen, Quang-Tam, Thu-Ha T. Nguyen, Seong-A. Ju, et al. "CD137 Expressed on Neutrophils Plays Dual Roles in Antibacterial Responses against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections." Infection and Immunity 81, no. 6 (2013): 2168–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00115-13.

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ABSTRACTSevere sepsis and septic shock caused mainly by bacterial infections are life-threatening conditions that urge the development of novel therapies. However, host responses to and pathophysiology of sepsis have not been clearly understood, which remains a major obstacle for the development of effective therapeutics. Recently, we have shown that stimulation of a costimulatory molecule, CD137, enhanced survival of mice infected with the Gram-positive (G+) intracellular bacteriumListeria monocytogenesbut decreased survival in a polymicrobial sepsis model. Herein, we report that CD137 defici

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Khassawneh, Mohammad, Yousef Khader, and Nadeen Abuqtaish. "Clinical features of neonatal sepsis caused by resistant Gram-negative bacteria." Pediatrics International 51, no. 3 (2009): 332–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200x.2008.02767.x.

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Giacometti, A., O. Cirioni, G. Greganti, M. Quarta, and G. Scalise. "In Vitro Activities of Membrane-Active Peptides against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 42, no. 12 (1998): 3320–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.42.12.3320.

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ABSTRACT Four peptides, cecropin P1, magainin II, indolicidin, and ranalexin, were evaluated against 202 clinical isolates of gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic bacteria by a microbroth dilution method. The gram-negative isolates were more susceptible to cecropin P1. Ranalexin was the most active compound against the gram-positive strains. The bactericidal activity of each peptide was equivalent to, or 1 dilution above, the MIC. In conclusion, the four peptides exhibited different in vitro activities and rapid time-dependent killing.

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Fokam, Danielle, Kayle Dickson, Kiyana Kamali, et al. "Iron Chelation in Murine Models of Systemic Inflammation Induced by Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Toxins." Antibiotics 9, no. 6 (2020): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9060283.

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Iron is an essential element for various physiological processes, but its levels must remain tightly regulated to avoid cellular damage. Similarly, iron plays a dual role in systemic inflammation, such as with sepsis. Leukocytes utilize iron to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill bacteria, but pathologically increased iron-catalyzed ROS production in sepsis can lead to damage of host cells, multi-organ failure and death. Temporary reduction in bioavailable iron represents a potential therapeutic target in sepsis. This study investigates the effect of the novel iron chelator, DIBI, in

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Arowosegbe, Adediwura O., David A. Ojo, Iyabode O. Dedeke, Olufunke B. Shittu, and Olusola A. Akingbade. "Neonatal sepsis in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital: Clinical features, clinical outcome, aetiology and antibiotic susceptibility pattern." Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases 32, no. 4 (2017): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v32i4.37.

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Background:Neonatal sepsis is a significant cause of neonatal mortality in developing countries. The aetiological agents and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns are dynamic.Objectives: This study determined clinical features, aetiology, antimicrobial susceptibility and clinical outcome of neonatal sepsis in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital.Methods: Neonates undergoing sepsis evaluation at a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital were included in the study. Demographic and clinical information were obtained using standard questionnaires. Blood samples were cultured on MacConkey, Blood and Chocolate aga

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Noor, Tajuddin, Nurhayana Sennang, and Benny Rusli. "KEPEKAAN ANTIMIKROBA KULTUR DARAH DI SEPSIS NEONATAL." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY 19, no. 1 (2016): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v19i1.388.

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Sepsis was one of the morbidity and mortality causes in neonatal. The diagnosis and treatment requires the bacterial identification and selection of sensitive antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to know the bacterial pattern and antimicrobial sensitivity of blood culture in the suspected neonatal sepsis patients who were treated at NICU in Dr.Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar. A retrospective study was conducted with secondary data from the culture and antimicrobial susceptibility test between the period of June 2010−July 2011. In this present study was found that from the total 91

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Chongsiriwatana, Nathaniel P., Modi Wetzler, and Annelise E. Barron. "Functional Synergy between Antimicrobial Peptoids and Peptides against Gram-Negative Bacteria." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, no. 11 (2011): 5399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00578-11.

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ABSTRACTAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are integral components of innate immunity and are typically found in combinations in which they can synergize for broader-spectrum or more potent activity. Previously, we reported peptoid mimics of AMPs with potent and selective antimicrobial activity. Using checkerboard assays, we demonstrate that peptoids and AMPs can interact synergistically, with fractional inhibitory concentration indices as low as 0.16. These results strongly suggest that antimicrobial peptoids and peptides are functionally and mechanistically analogous.

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Vishnepolsky, Boris, Andrei Gabrielian, Alex Rosenthal, et al. "Predictive Model of Linear Antimicrobial Peptides Active against Gram-Negative Bacteria." Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 58, no. 5 (2018): 1141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00118.

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Rahnamaeian, Mohammad, Małgorzata Cytryńska, Agnieszka Zdybicka-Barabas, et al. "Insect antimicrobial peptides show potentiating functional interactions against Gram-negative bacteria." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1806 (2015): 20150293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0293.

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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and proteins are important components of innate immunity against pathogens in insects. The production of AMPs is costly owing to resource-based trade-offs, and strategies maximizing the efficacy of AMPs at low concentrations are therefore likely to be advantageous. Here, we show the potentiating functional interaction of co-occurring insect AMPs (the bumblebee linear peptides hymenoptaecin and abaecin) resulting in more potent antimicrobial effects at low concentrations. Abaecin displayed no detectable activity against Escherichia coli when tested alone at concent

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