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Journal articles on the topic 'Gram-Negative Pathogen'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Shreya, Dubey M.N. Brahmbhatt Sonali Thakur Nilam Parmar. "Gram-Negative Food Borne Pathogen: A Review." Science World a monthly e magazine 2, no. 11 (2022): 1949–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7387152.

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The term "food-borne diseases" refers to illnesses contracted by ingesting contaminated food and includes both foodborne infections and foodborne intoxications. It is also frequently used interchangeably with "food poisoning." Approximately 3-5 billion episodes of diarrhea and over 1.8 million deaths in children under the age of five are estimated to occur globally, according to the WHO. A sizable portion of these incidents are attributed to consuming food, primarily food of animal origin contaminated with microbial pathogens or toxins.

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Abaturov, Oleksandr, and Anna Nikulina. "Development of the Immune Response in Pneumonia Caused Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Part 1)." Family Medicine, no. 5 (December 30, 2016): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.30841/2307-5112.5.2016.248760.

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Nosocomial bacterial pneumonia associated with Gram-negative pathogens, characterized by severe, high risk of complications and death. This article describes the immune response to infection with gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa respiratory tract, which provide an effective clearance of the pathogen. The mechanisms of the respiratory tract showcased that an image-recognition receptors cells inducing pathogen-associated molecular structures Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

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Çınar Acar, Berat. "Evaluation of ozone effectiveness against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens using different methods." Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 29, no. 2 (2024): 606–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1437244.

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Ozone attracts great attention due to its strong oxidative properties, antimicrobial activity, easy applicability, operating costs almost negligible, lack of chemicals in its use, highly effective and environmentally friendly application. In this study, two Gram (+) and two Gram (-) bacterial cultures, known as pathogens, were used to examine the effect of ozone gas on the growth of bacterial cultures. The samples were treated with ozone at different flow rates (4, 5, and 6 mg/L) and durations (1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 min) with different application parameters (pathogen bacteria, distilled water,

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Abaturov, Oleksandr, and Anna Nikulina. "Development of the Immune Response in Pneumonia Caused Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Part 1)." Family Medicine, no. 5 (November 30, 2016): 85–93. https://doi.org/10.30841/2307-5112.5.2016.248760.

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Nosocomial bacterial pneumonia associated with Gram-negative pathogens, characterized by severe, high risk of complications and death. This article describes the immune response to infection with gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa respiratory tract, which provide an effective clearance of the pathogen. The mechanisms of the respiratory tract showcased that an image-recognition receptors cells inducing pathogen-associated molecular structures <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>.

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5

Fröschen, Frank Sebastian, Thomas Martin Randau, Alexander Franz, Ernst Molitor, Achim Hoerauf, and Gunnar Thorben Rembert Hischebeth. "Microbiological Trends and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns in Patients with Periprosthetic Joint Infection of the Hip or Knee over 6 Years." Antibiotics 11, no. 9 (2022): 1244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11091244.

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We sought to analyze trends of the causative pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in patients with periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) of the hip and knee to get better insights and improve treatment. Retrospective evaluation of all consecutive patients with microbiological detection of a causative pathogen at a tertiary endoprothetic referral center between January 2016 and December 2021 in Germany was performed. Overall, 612 different microorganisms could be detected in 493 patients (hip: n = 293; knee: n = 200). Evaluation did not show a change in the relative abundance

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Branger, Judith, Sylvia Knapp, Sebastiaan Weijer, et al. "Role ofToll-Like Receptor 4 in Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Pneumonia inMice." Infection and Immunity 72, no. 2 (2004): 788–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.2.788-794.2004.

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ABSTRACT To determine the role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the immune response to pneumonia, C3H/HeJ mice (which display a mutant nonfunctional TLR4) and C3H/HeN wild-type mice were intranasally infected with either Streptococcus pneumoniae (a common gram-positive respiratory pathogen) or Klebsiella pneumoniae (a common gram-negative respiratory pathogen). In cases of pneumococcal pneumonia, TLR4 mutant mice showed a reduced survival only after infection with low-level bacterial doses, which was associated with a higher bacterial burden in their lungs 48 h postinfection. In Klebsiella pn

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Amati, Francesco, and Marcos I. Restrepo. "Emerging Resistance of Gram Negative Pathogens in Community-Acquired Pneumonia." Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 41, no. 04 (2020): 480–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1709137.

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AbstractIn recent decades, there has been a growing interest about the role of gram negative bacteria in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacteriaceae, and Acinetobacter baumannii. The prevalence of these pathogens differs largely according to the local ecology and the geographical location. Identifying gram negative bacteria, and in particular resistant gram negative bacteria, is of paramount importance in patients with CAP because these pathogens are associated with higher clinical severity and unfavorable outcomes. The use of individualized risk f

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M, V. Dharsandia1, Khanpara1 Charmi, K. Sadikot2 A, H. Kansagra2 C, and K. Rawal2 K. "Comamonas Testosteroni Emerging Gastrointestinal Pathogen." People's Journal of Scientific Research 16, no. 1 (2023): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8077219.

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Comamonas testosteroni newly emerging microorganism previously known as Pseudomonas testosteroni is common environmental bacterium that is not known to be a part of the human commensal organism. Since its identification as a human pathogen in 1987, numerous reports have drizzled in, implicating this organism for various infections. Comamonas testosteroni are rare isolates in microbiology laboratories and have been infrequently reported as an infectious agent in routine clinical practice. Comamonas testosteroni has been rarely observed as an infectious agent in clinical practice. Comamonas test

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Samoylova, L. M., A. N. Shilova, Yu N. Gorbatykh, S. N. Prokhorov, O. V. Strunin, and M. A. Novikova. "Characteristics of gram-negative microflora isolated from the blood of cardiac patients over 5 years." Patologiya krovoobrashcheniya i kardiokhirurgiya 18, no. 3 (2015): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21688/1681-3472-2014-2-49-54.

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Currently gram-negative bacteria are recognized as the most problematic pathogens. The authors studied the incidence of bacteremia caused by gram-negative microflora and its sensitivity to antibiotics in patients who underwent cardiac surgery. We analyzed the results of blood tests over a period of 5 years, from 2007 to 2011. During this period, 216 strains of gram-negative bacteria were identified. Enterobacteria accounted for 57.4% (124) of the structure of the gram-negative flora, while 42.6% (92) were glucose non-fermentative gram-negative bacteria. The prevailing pathogens detected when s

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Loivukene, K., K. Kermes, E. Sepp, et al. "Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance of invasive pathogens: the Estonian experience." Eurosurveillance 11, no. 2 (2006): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.11.02.00601-en.

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the needs for surveillance of invasive Gram-negative pathogens in Estonia. The antimicrobial susceptibility data of invasive isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and enterococci were collected in accordance with EARSS (European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System) protocols. Despite the higher rate of Gram positive pathogens, their resistance to antimicrobials was low in contrast to the elevated resistance established for Gram negative

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Kakoullis, Loukas, Eleni Papachristodoulou, Paraskevi Chra, and George Panos. "Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance in Important Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Pathogens and Novel Antibiotic Solutions." Antibiotics 10, no. 4 (2021): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10040415.

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Multidrug-resistant bacteria have on overwhelming impact on human health, as they cause over 670,000 infections and 33,000 deaths annually in the European Union alone. Of these, the vast majority of infections and deaths are caused by only a handful of species—multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus spp., Acinetobacter spp. and Klebsiella pneumoniae. These pathogens employ a multitude of antibiotic resistance mechanisms, such as the production of antibiotic deactivating enzymes, changes in antibiotic targets, or a reduction of intracel

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Shafran, Stephen D. "Care Plans for Native and Prosthetic Joint Septic Arthritis, and Acute Hematogenous and Chronic Osteomyelitis." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases 11, suppl d (2000): 34D—40D. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2000/610409.

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The current paper presents care plans for the treatment of septic arthritis of native and prosthetic joints, as well as for acute hematogenous and chronic osteomyelitis. A nursing care plan for septic arthritis and osteomyelitis is included, along with pathogen-specific therapy for common pathogens, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative cocci.

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Otte, Jan-Michel, and Daniel K. Podolsky. "Functional modulation of enterocytes by gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 286, no. 4 (2004): G613—G626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00341.2003.

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Clinical studies have suggested that so-called probiotic bacteria may be effective as therapy in inflammatory bowel disease. However, the molecular mechanisms of their interaction with the intestinal surface remain undefined. The influence of whole probiotic bacteria [ Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN); probiotic mixture VSL#3 (PM)], bacterial cell lysates, and conditioned media on transepithelial resistance (TER), IL-8 secretion, mucin gene expression, and tight junction proteins were determined in T84 and HT-29 intestinal epithelial cells (IEC). In addition, effects on pathogen ( Salmonella

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Majigo, Mtebe, Jackline Makupa, Zivonishe Mwazyunga, et al. "Bacterial Aetiology of Neonatal Sepsis and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern at the Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salam, Tanzania; A Call to Strengthening Antibiotic Stewardship Program." Antibiotics 12, no. 4 (2023): 767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12040767.

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The diagnosis of neonatal sepsis in lower-income countries is mainly based on clinical presentation. The practice necessitates empirical treatment with limited aetiology and antibiotic susceptibility profile knowledge, prompting the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the aetiology of neonatal sepsis and antimicrobial resistance patterns. We recruited 658 neonates admitted to the neonatal ward with signs and symptoms of sepsis and performed 639 automated blood cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Around 72% of the sa

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15

Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Jean-François Timsit, Marin H. Kollef, et al. "Clinical and microbiological outcomes, by causative pathogen, in the ASPECT-NP randomized, controlled, Phase 3 trial comparing ceftolozane/tazobactam and meropenem for treatment of hospital-acquired/ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 77, no. 4 (2022): 1166–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkab494.

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Abstract Objectives In the ASPECT-NP trial, ceftolozane/tazobactam was non-inferior to meropenem for treating nosocomial pneumonia; efficacy outcomes by causative pathogen were to be evaluated. Methods Mechanically ventilated participants with hospital-acquired/ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia were randomized to 3 g ceftolozane/tazobactam (2 g ceftolozane/1 g tazobactam) q8h or 1 g meropenem q8h. Lower respiratory tract (LRT) cultures were obtained ≤36 h before first dose; pathogen identification and susceptibility were confirmed at a central laboratory. Prospective secondary per-path

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16

Al-Hamadany, Weam Saad. "Isolation and Identification of Gram Positive Cocci Bacterial Pathogens from Sappurative Otitis Media Infections." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 37, no. 1 (2013): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v37i1.345.

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Otitis Media (OM) is a common disease. It represents a serious problem mainly after winter outbreaks of respiratory tract infections (RTI); its consequences are hearing weakness; or even loss in adults and problems in speech in children. Gram-positive Cocci bacteria are among the causative pathogens. This study concerned with suppurative otitis media caused by gram-positive Cocci bacteria; either as pure culture or mixed with other pathogens. A total of 60 ear swabs were collected from Ear, Nose and Throat Department outpatients in AL-Nuaman hospital in Baghdad and cultured to isolate and iden

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Bashyal, Puspalata, Prakash Parajuli, Ramesh Pandey, and Jae Sohng. "Microbial Biosynthesis of Antibacterial Chrysoeriol in Recombinant Escherichia coli and Bioactivity Assessment." Catalysts 9, no. 2 (2019): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9020112.

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Various flavonoid derivatives including methoxylated flavones display remarkable biological activities. Chrysoeriol is a methoxylated flavone of great scientific interest because of its promising anti-microbial activities against various Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Sustainable production of such compounds is therefore of pronounced interest to biotechnologists in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. Here, we used a sugar O-methyltransferase enzyme from a spinosyn biosynthesis gene cluster of Saccharopolyspora spinosa to regioselectively produce chrysoeriol (15% conver

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Pompilio, Arianna, Daniela Scribano, Meysam Sarshar, Giovanni Di Bonaventura, Anna Teresa Palamara, and Cecilia Ambrosi. "Gram-Negative Bacteria Holding Together in a Biofilm: The Acinetobacter baumannii Way." Microorganisms 9, no. 7 (2021): 1353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071353.

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Bacterial biofilms are a serious public-health problem worldwide. In recent years, the rates of antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria associated with biofilm-forming activity have increased worrisomely, particularly among healthcare-associated pathogens. Acinetobacter baumannii is a critically opportunistic pathogen, due to the high rates of antibiotic resistant strains causing healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs). The clinical isolates of A. baumannii can form biofilms on both biotic and abiotic surfaces; hospital settings and medical devices are the ideal environments for A. baumannii

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Akhmaltdinova, Lyudmila, Svetlana Kolesnichenko, Alyona Lavrinenko, Irina Kadyrova, Olga Avdienko, and Lyudmila Panibratec. "Influence of Pathogen Type on Neonatal Sepsis Biomarkers." International Journal of Inflammation 2021 (November 19, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1009231.

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Understanding immunoregulation in newborns can help to determine the pathophysiology of neonatal sepsis and will contribute to improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment and remains an urgent and unmet medical need to understand hyperinflammation or hypoinflammation associated with sepsis in newborns. This study included infants (up to 4 days old). The “sepsis” criteria was a positive blood culture. C-reactive protein demonstrates a strong dependence on the pathogen etiology. Therefore, its diagnostic odds ratio in Gram-positive bacteremia was 2.7 and the sensitivity was 45%, while Gram-n

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Chowdhury, Durdana, Sanya Tahmina Jhora, Mili Rani Saha, and Najmun Nahar. "Antimicrobial Resistance pattern of Common Bacterial Pathogens in Tertiary Care Hospitals in Dhaka City." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology 7, no. 2 (2013): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v7i2.19327.

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Bacterial pathogens were isolated from pus, wound swab, urine, blood and throat swab. A total of 300 samples were collected from Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital (SSMC & MH), BIRDEM and National Medical College (NMCH) and processed following standard microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed on pure culture isolates by employing Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method for the commonly used antibiotics. 326 (93.33%) bacterial pathogens were isolated from 300 patients. Single bacterial pathogen was present in 78% cases and mixed bacterial pathog

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Fryer, J. L., and R. P. Hedrick. "Piscirickettsia salmonis: a Gram-negative intracellular bacterial pathogen of fish." Journal of Fish Diseases 26, no. 5 (2003): 251–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.2003.00460.x.

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Naito, Anna, Fatima Malik, Christopher M. Cregg, Lisa Bradwell, and David Makanjuola. "Gram-Negative Bacteraemias in Haemodialysis Patients: Pathogen and Source Identification." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 31, no. 10S (2020): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.20203110s1373b.

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Toth, Marta, Hilary Frase, Nuno T. Antunes, and Sergei B. Vakulenko. "Novel Aminoglycoside 2″-Phosphotransferase Identified in a Gram-Negative Pathogen." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, no. 1 (2012): 452–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.02049-12.

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ABSTRACTAminoglycoside 2″-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci. We describe a novel aminoglycoside 2″-phosphotransferase from the Gram-negative pathogenCampylobacter jejuni, which shares 78% amino acid sequence identity with the APH(2″)-Ia domain of the bifunctional aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme aminoglycoside (6′) acetyltransferase-Ie/aminoglycoside 2″-phosphotransferase-Ia or AAC(6′)-Ie/APH(2″)-Ia from Gram-positive cocci, which we called APH(2″)-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted a

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Khan, Neyaz A., Navdeep Kaur, Peter Owens, Olivier P. Thomas, and Aoife Boyd. "Bis-Indole Alkaloids Isolated from the Sponge Spongosorites calcicola Disrupt Cell Membranes of MRSA." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 4 (2022): 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23041991.

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health challenge with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a leading cause of nosocomial infection. In the search for novel antibiotics, marine sponges have become model organisms as they produce diverse bioactive compounds. We investigated and compared the antibacterial potential of 3 bis-indole alkaloids—bromodeoxytopsentin, bromotopsentin and spongotine A—isolated from the Northeastern Atlantic sponge Spongosorites calcicola. Antimicrobial activity was determined by MIC and time-kill assays. The mechanism of action of bis-indoles was

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Al Ayed, Mousab Yousef, Mutasem Ababneh, Asirvatham Alwin Robert, et al. "Common Pathogens and Antibiotic Sensitivity Profiles of Infected Diabetic Foot Ulcers in Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds 17, no. 3 (2018): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534734618793557.

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We sought to define the type and antibiotic sensitivity response of pathogens isolated from diabetic foot ulcers based on ulcer location and Wagner classification. This retrospective analysis was done among 126 patients between 40 and 70 years of age at the Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, using the swab culture method for microbiological assessment. Data on demographic variables, ulcer sites (location), and depth of ulcer (Wagner classification) were also collected. A total of 134 pathogens were isolated from 126 patients. The most common gram-negative pathogen ident

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Feodorova, Lyapina, Zaitsev, et al. "New Promising Targets for Synthetic Omptin-Based Peptide Vaccine against Gram-Negative Pathogens." Vaccines 7, no. 2 (2019): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines7020036.

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Omptins represent a family of proteases commonly found in various Gram-negative pathogens. These proteins play an important role in host–pathogen interaction and have been recognized as key virulence factors, highlighting the possibility of developing an omptin-based broad-spectrum vaccine. The prototypical omptin, His-tagged recombinant Pla, was used as a model target antigen. In total, 46 linear and 24 conformational epitopes for the omptin family were predicted by the use of ElliPro service. Among these we selected highly conserved, antigenic, non-allergenic, and immunogenic B-cell epitopes

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Nitsani, Yarden, Tal Michael, Dor Halpern, et al. "Blood Stream Infections in Burns: A 14-Year Cohort Analysis." Life 13, no. 6 (2023): 1357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13061357.

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Background: Blood stream infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in burns, and pathogen identification is important for treatment. This study aims to characterize the microbiology of these infections and the association between the infecting pathogen and the hospitalization course. Methods: We conducted a cohort study that included records of burn patients treated at the Soroka University Medical Center between 2007–2020. Statistical analysis of demographic and clinical data was performed to explore relationships between burn characteristics and outcomes. Patients with po

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Sidor, Karolina, and Tomasz Skirecki. "A Bittersweet Kiss of Gram-Negative Bacteria: The Role of ADP-Heptose in the Pathogenesis of Infection." Microorganisms 11, no. 5 (2023): 1316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051316.

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Due to the global crisis caused by the dramatic rise of drug resistance among Gram-negative bacteria, there is an urgent need for a thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of infections of such an etiology. In light of the limited availability of new antibiotics, therapies aimed at host–pathogen interactions emerge as potential treatment modalities. Thus, understanding the mechanism of pathogen recognition by the host and immune evasion appear to be the key scientific issues. Until recently, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was recognized as a major pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) of G

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Choi, Min-Seon, Wooki Kim, Chanhui Lee, and Chang-Sik Oh. "Harpins, Multifunctional Proteins Secreted by Gram-Negative Plant-Pathogenic Bacteria." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 26, no. 10 (2013): 1115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-02-13-0050-cr.

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Harpins are glycine-rich and heat-stable proteins that are secreted through type III secretion system in gram-negative plant-pathogenic bacteria. Many studies show that these proteins are mostly targeted to the extracellular space of plant tissues, unlike bacterial effector proteins that act inside the plant cells. Over the two decades since the first harpin of pathogen origin, HrpN of Erwinia amylovora, was reported in 1992 as a cell-free elicitor of hypersensitive response (HR), diverse functional aspects of harpins have been determined. Some harpins were shown to have virulence activity, pr

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Churchill-Angus, Alicia M., Svetlana E. Sedelnikova, Thomas H. B. Schofield, and Patrick J. Baker. "The A component (SmhA) of a tripartite pore-forming toxin from Serratia marcescens: expression, purification and crystallographic analysis." Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology Communications 76, no. 12 (2020): 577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053230x20013862.

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Tripartite α-pore-forming toxins are constructed of three proteins (A, B and C) and are found in many bacterial pathogens. While structures of the B and C components from Gram-negative bacteria have been described, the structure of the A component of a Gram-negative α-pore-forming toxin has so far proved elusive. SmhA, the A component from the opportunistic human pathogen Serratia marcescens, has been cloned, overexpressed and purified. Crystals were grown of selenomethionine-derivatized protein and anomalous data were collected. Phases were calculated and an initial electron-density map was p

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Irfan, Rafia, Irfan Ali Mirza, Gohar Zaman, Azka Zulfiqar, Uzma Qamar, and Zunera Sajjad. "Pattern of organisms causing central nervous system shunt related infections and their antibiotic susceptibility profile in a tertiary care setup." Infectious Diseases Journal of Pakistan 32, no. 4 (2023): 132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.61529/idjp.v32i4.246.

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Background: Central nervous system (CNS) shunt-associated infections pose a significant threat, necessitating an in-depth understanding of the frequency and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of the implicated pathogens. This research aimed to ascertain the frequency and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of pathogens isolated from central nervous system shunt associated infections. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April to September 2020 at the Neurosurgical department of Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, and the Department of Microbiology, Armed Force

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Niazi, Parwiz, ABDUL BARI HEJRAN, and KHAIDAROV SAKEN. "THE INFLEUNCE OF GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA ON ORAL HEALTH: A MINIREVIEW." International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Health 10, no. 12 (2024): 30–51. https://doi.org/10.55640/ijmsdh-10-12-04.

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The human body hosts a diverse microbial community, with Gram-negative bacteria playing a key role in oral health due to their virulence factors that contribute to tissue destruction and inflammation. The Human Microbiome Project (HMP) emphasizes the importance of understanding the oral microbiota to improve health outcomes, the oral cavity is particularly vulnerable to imbalances caused by these bacteria, leading to periodontal diseases and other oral infections. Among them, Porphyromonas gingivalis is the most harmful, producing gingipains that degrade host tissues and evade immune responses

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Patel, Raj H., Ana Paula Velez, and John N. Greene. "Ecthyma Gangrenosum Secondary to Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Rod Infections in Leukemia Patients With Prolonged Neutropenia." Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice 32, no. 5 (2024): e1397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001397.

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Abstract Ecthyma gangrenosum is a cutaneous infection classically associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the causative pathogen, but other gram-negative enteric flora can be found. This infection is typically seen in immunocompromised patients in the setting of fulminant bacteremia with lesional features of gangrenous ulceration surrounded by tender erythematous borders. In patients with hematological malignancies, prompt recognition of this entity through microbiological and clinical features is critical to ensuring successful treatment and resolution. As patients with refractory leukemia

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Tomruk, Mustafa, Esma Eroğlu, and Barış Balasar. "The Role of Procalcitonin in Differentiating Between Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Sepsis." Chronicles of Precision Medical Researchers 5, no. 3 (2024): 114–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14032461.

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<strong>Introduction:</strong>  Detecting the agent group in sepsis patients with culture positivity is crucial in determining our treatment scheme. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin (PCT) levels in distinguishing between different pathogen groups in sepsis patients with proven bacteremia.  <strong>Materials & Methods</strong>: Records of patients hospitalized in ICU were retrospectively investigated over 28 months were retrospectively investigated confirmed microbiologically to have a positive blood culture result. The patients were evaluated in two g

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Chandra, Aarti, Bhagyashree Agrawal, Dheeraj Kumar Ahirwar, and Leena Yadav. "Anti-gram-positive and anti-gram-negative pathogen-killing potential of some novel Quinoxaline compounds." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 6, no. 1 (2024): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/26646862.2024.v6.i1a.39.

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Giamarellou, Helen, and Ilias Karaiskos. "Current and Potential Therapeutic Options for Infections Caused by Difficult-to-Treat and Pandrug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria in Critically Ill Patients." Antibiotics 11, no. 8 (2022): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11081009.

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Carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative bacteria has come into sight as a serious global threat. Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens and their main representatives Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are ranked in the highest priority category for new treatments. The worrisome phenomenon of the recent years is the presence of difficult-to-treat resistance (DTR) and pandrug-resistant (PDR) Gram-negative bacteria, characterized as non-susceptible to all conventional antimicrobial agents. DTR and PDR Gram-negative infections are linked with high mort

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Mahboobi, Bashir Ahmad, Zarghoon Tareen, Sharafudin Resha, Bilal Ahmad Rahimi, and Enayattullah Mohammadi. "Sensitivity Pattern in Children Respiratory Bacterial Infections." Razi International Medical Journal 4, no. 2 (2024): 65–79. https://doi.org/10.56101/rimj.v4i2.161.

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Background: Bacterial respiratory infections are a major health concern, especially in underdeveloped and developing countries. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in respiratory infections and assess the efficacy of antibiotics. Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted from July 2010 to July 2011. Patients with respiratory infections were categorized by age, bacterial pathogen, disease type, and season of infection. Diagnostic methods, including throat swabs, blood cultures, and antibiograms, were used to identify pathogens a

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Hotze, Eileen M., Huynh M. Le, Jessica R. Sieber, Christina Bruxvoort, Michael J. McInerney, and Rodney K. Tweten. "Identification and Characterization of the First Cholesterol-Dependent Cytolysins from Gram-Negative Bacteria." Infection and Immunity 81, no. 1 (2012): 216–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00927-12.

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The cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs) are pore-forming toxins that have been exclusively associated with a wide variety of bacterial pathogens and opportunistic pathogens from theFirmicutesandActinobacteria, which exhibit a Gram-positive type of cell structure. We have characterized the first CDCs from Gram-negative bacterial species, which includeDesulfobulbus propionicustype species Widdel 1981 (DSM 2032) (desulfolysin [DLY]) andEnterobacter lignolyticus(formerlyEnterobacter cloacae) SCF1 (enterolysin [ELY]). The DLY and ELY primary structures show that they maintain the signature moti

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Euteneuer, Clare F., Brianna N. Davis, LeeAnna M. Lui, Andrew J. Neville, and Paul H. Davis. "Expanded Gram-Negative Activity of Marinopyrrole A." Pathogens 14, no. 3 (2025): 290. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14030290.

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The rise of bacterial infections is a global health issue that calls for the development and availability of additional antimicrobial agents. Known for its in vitro effects on Gram-positive organisms, the drug-like small molecule marinopyrrole A was re-examined for the potential of broader efficacy against a wider array of microbes. We uncovered selective efficacy against an important subset of Gram-negative bacteria from three genera: Neisseria, Moraxella, and Campylobacter. This susceptibility is correlated with the absence of canonical LPS in these specific Gram-negative species, a phenomen

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Gupta, Anuja, and Bhawna Sharma. "Recent trends in uropathogenic infections in patients of a tertiary care center, New Delhi, India, – a topic of urgent attention." Microbiology Independent Research Journal 10, no. 1 (2023): 39–44. https://doi.org/10.18527/2500-2236-2023-10-1-39-44.

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   Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the leading cause of outpatient visits and nosocomial infections worldwide resulting in increased healthcare costs. Information about the disease-associated pathogens and their susceptibility profile is of paramount importance for choosing antimicrobials and containing the alarming rise in microorganisms’ drug resistance. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of gram-negative and gram-positive uropathogens in hospitalized adult patients, considering their sensitivity profile. The study retrospectively analyzed 2099 urine samples r

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T., Geetanjali, N. Soumya C., Surekha A., and Naga Srilatha B. "Aerobic Gram Negative Bacterial Profile in High Vaginal Swab." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 6 (2024): 548–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12733807.

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<strong>Introduction:</strong> Bacterial vaginosis is a polymicrobial condition involving facultative and anaerobic organisms in addition to <em>Gardenerallvaginalis</em>. Patients present with a clinical condition when there is an overgrown of the bacteria or by acquiring an exogenous flora. Gram negative organisms also cause bacterial vaginosis and their susceptibility pattern is required to manage the clinical condition. The aim of the present study is to know the gram negative bacterial infections predominance in bacterial vaginosis and its antibiotic susceptibility pattern.&nbsp

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OLIVER, S. P., M. J. LEWIS, T. L. INGLE, B. E. GILLESPIE, K. R. MATTHEWS, and H. H. DOWLEN. "Premilking Teat Disinfection for the Prevention of Environmental Pathogen Intramammary Infections." Journal of Food Protection 56, no. 10 (1993): 852–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-56.10.852.

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A natural exposure study was conducted for 14 months to evaluate efficacy of 0.25% iodine premilking teat disinfectant for the prevention of new intramammary infections. Predipping was compared with a negative control using a split-udder experimental design. All teats were dipped after milking with the same teat dip. Most new major pathogen intramammary infections resulted from Streptococcus species, primarily Streptococcus uberis and Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and from gram-negative bacteria, primarily Escherichia coli. New infections by gram-negative bacteria were significantly lower in qua

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Ren, Wei, Jun Jiang, Yan Wang, Yan Jin, Yuan Fang, and Chen Zhao. "Analysis of pathogenic distribution and drug resistance of catheter-related blood stream infection in hemodialysis patients with vein tunneled cuffed catheter." European Journal of Inflammation 19 (January 2021): 205873922110008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20587392211000887.

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The catheter related blood stream infections (CRBSI) in hemodialysis (HD) patients with vein tunneled cuffed catheter (TCC) and misuse of antibiotic in clinical practice seriously affected the prognosis of MHD patients. The present study aimed to investigate the pathogen distribution and drug resistance of CRBSI in HD patients with TCC to guide clinical empirical pharmacy. The clinical data of 75 HD patients with TCC diagnosed with CRBSI between January 2011 and March 2015 were retrospectively collected, and the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens were analyzed. In 75 HD patients wit

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Bhowmick, T., and M. P. Weinstein. "A Deceptive Case of Cellulitis Caused by a Gram-Negative Pathogen." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 51, no. 4 (2013): 1320–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.02975-12.

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Zarember, Kol A., Kimberly R. Marshall-Batty, Anna R. Cruz, et al. "Innate Immunity against Granulibacter bethesdensis, an Emerging Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogen." Infection and Immunity 80, no. 3 (2011): 975–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.05557-11.

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Acetic acid bacteria were previously considered nonpathogenic in humans. However, over the past decade, five genera ofAcetobacteraceaehave been isolated from patients with inborn or iatrogenic immunodeficiencies. Here, we describe the first studies of the interactions of the human innate immune system with a member of this bacterial family,Granulibacter bethesdensis, an emerging pathogen in patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). Efficient phagocytosis ofG. bethesdensisby normal and CGD polymorphonuclear leukocytes (CGD PMN) required heat-labile serum components (e.g., C3), and bind

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Córdova-Espinoza, María Guadalupe, Rosa González-Vázquez, Rolando Rafik Barron-Fattel, et al. "Aptamers: A Cutting-Edge Approach for Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogen Identification." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 2 (2024): 1257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25021257.

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Early and accurate diagnoses of pathogenic microorganisms is essential to correctly identify diseases, treating infections, and tracking disease outbreaks associated with microbial infections, to develop precautionary measures that allow a fast and effective response in epidemics and pandemics, thus improving public health. Aptamers are a class of synthetic nucleic acid molecules with the potential to be used for medical purposes, since they can be directed towards any target molecule. Currently, the use of aptamers has increased because they are a useful tool in the detection of specific targ

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Khalid, Fizza, Azza Elsheikh, Abid Mahmood, Christy Poulose, and Osamah T. Khojah. "Prevalence of Bacterial Pathogens and their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Riyadh." Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Journal 6, no. 4 (2024): 222–30. https://doi.org/10.4103/dshmj.dshmj_54_24.

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Abstract Objectives: The current study aimed to set up the prevalence of commonly isolated pathogens and their susceptibility patterns in a tertiary care reference center in Riyadh through a 3-year retrospective study. Materials and Methodology: Patient samples from two tertiary care hospitals with approximately 450 beds were submitted for culture and sensitivity to MDLab, Riyadh. Microsoft Office Excel was used to analyze all the data. Results: Among a total of 8389 positive cultures, urine was the most common sample submitted for bacterial culture over these 3 years, followed by pus and woun

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Shah, Nidhi S., Ritika Srivastava, Tanvi Mehta, Ashka Shah, and Chandni Chandwani. "Study of etiological profile, risk factors and immediate outcome of neonatal sepsis." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 12, no. 5 (2025): 755–62. https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20251094.

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Background: In India, Gram negative bacteria such as CONS, Klebsiella spp, Acinetobacter spp and E. coli are the main pathogen. Due to the variation in prevalence of associated microorganism and resistant pattern, regional hospital based prospective study should be carried out to know the microorganism pattern of neonatal sepsis. Aim is to study the demographic profile of neonates with sepsis, to study maternal and neonatal risk factors for sepsis, to study pattern of causative microorganism. Methods: The study was carried out among 226 neonates admitted in NICU at Dhiraj hospital and having s

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Ansorge, Alexandre, Michael Betz, Oliver Wetzel, et al. "Perioperative Urinary Catheter Use and Association to (Gram-Negative) Surgical Site Infection after Spine Surgery." Infectious Disease Reports 15, no. 6 (2023): 717–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/idr15060064.

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This study evaluates potential associations between the perioperative urinary catheter (UC) carriage and (Gram-negative) surgical site infections (SSIs) after spine surgery. It is a retrospective, single-center, case-control study stratifying group comparisons, case-mix adjustments using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Around half of the patients (2734/5485 surgeries) carried a UC for 1 day (median duration) (interquartile range, 1–1 days). Patients with perioperative UC carriage were compared to those without regarding SSI, in general, and Gram-negative, exclusively. The SSI rate w

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Gabrielyan, N. I., S. O. Sharapchenko, I. V. Drabkina, et al. "Gram-negative hospital pathogens at risk of severe bacterial infection." Medical alphabet 1, no. 15 (2019): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2019-1-15(390)-31-35.

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Background. Nosocomial infections remain an urgent problem of modern medicine. Along with bacterial infection of the bloodstream a special danger is posed by ventilation-dependent lung infection (VDLI), the main source which are still at the intensive care unit (ICU).Objectives. Assessment of the spread of bacterial infections in ICU over a five-year period. Analysis of the severity of postoperative complications depending on the infection location.Methods. A retrospective analysis of the frequency and form of blood flow and ventilation-dependent lung infection in patients, operated under card

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