Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Grande-Bretagne – Histoire militaire – 18e siècle'
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Louvier, Patrick. "La puissance navale et militaire britannique en Méditerranée (1840-1871)." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040087.
Full textVautravers, Guillaume. "La Brigade Irlandaise au service de la France, 1690-1790." Dijon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DIJOL015.
Full textNadeau, Charles André. "La stratégie lors de l'affrontement anglo-américain au Canada (1775-1776) : objets politiques et objectifs militaires." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25615/25615.pdf.
Full textHaidar, Mohammad. "La France face aux enjeux de l'Amérique du nord et des Antilles : 1700-1763." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070027.
Full textDuring the period 1700-1763 marked by three major wars: the War of Spanish Succession, the War of Austrian Succession and the Seven Years War, France was faced with multiple and uneven challenges in different geographical areas: in Europe, in the colonies of North America and Caribbean archipelago with great maritime challenges. France does not give equal priority to each one of these three challenges that were different natures: political, economic, maritime, military, geopolitical, geostrategic and diplomatic. The importance of each one challenge for the French depended of the situation of France in Europe and the situation of French navy against the British navy. Through the period mentioned, European challenges occupied the first degree of importance because France was to preserve its dominance in Europe and achieve its political projects at the expense of its rivals. However, the degree of importance of the challenges depended of maritime and colonial power relations between France and England, British naval supremacy and the importance of European challenges for France caused a dramatic effect on the colonies that were often abandoned or neglected. Stop the British supremacy at sea was the second priority for France. Without stop the British supremacy at sea, it was not possible for France to resist the British ambitions in North America, it led to significant losses for colonial France
Coudray, Pierre Louis. "Mourir à la guerre, survivre à la paix : les militaires irlandais au service de la France au XVIIIe siècle, une reconstruction historique." Thesis, Lille 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL3H010/document.
Full textThis PhD is a chronological study of the military presence of Irishmen in Franceunder the Ancien Regime linked to an analysis of the myth surrounding the Irish Brigade in the18th century. Based on primary sources, some of which have been hitherto unpublished, the firstfour chapters propose an historical framework of the Irish military community and thesometimes difficult but progressive acculturation of its members. The first chapter focuses onthe writings of the French elite as well as popular literature from England about the Irish in the“War of the three kings”, while the second one is about the image of the Irish soldiers in thepress on both sides of the Channel during the same period. The third one explains how thesemen came to be recognised by their peers as a valuable unit in the French royal army and thefourth one explores the tactics used by Irish militarymen and their families to integrate intoFrench society. These two chapters also show the gradual decline of the actual presence ofIrishmen within the ranks of the Brigade. The question of the memory attached to the battle ofFontenoy is at the very core of the fifth and sixth chapters where the part played by Irishmenon the 11th of May 1745 is minutely studied. The birth of a distinct Irish military identity in19th century writings is also discussed. The study focuses on 18th century sources for the fifthchapter and 19th century sources from France, England and Ireland for the sixth
Bernez, Marie-Odile. "La médecine et son image en Grande-Bretagne : 1700-1755." Dijon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DIJOL020.
Full textThis thesis uses an interdisciplinary approach to examine the structure of the medical world and the development of theory and therapeutic practices in Great-Britain at the beginning of the eighteenth century, as well as how doctors, diseases and remedies are represented in the works of Fielding and Hogarth and in the Gentlman's magazine. Concentrating particularly on the medical writing of Cheyne and Mead, Chambers' Cyclopaedia and the Philosophical transactions, and on major illnesses, such as small pox, consumption, syphilis, hysteria and scurvy
Révauger, Cécile. "La franc-maçonnerie en Grande-Bretagne et dans l'Amérique révolutionnaire : 1717-1813." Bordeaux 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR30028.
Full textModern freemasonry, which appeared in great britain and america in the early xviiith century, claimed to be both friendly and tolerant. In america, it developped mainly during the revolution, in which some of its members were significantly involved. Though originally meant to provide its members with an organization totally free from political and religious censorship, english freemasonry, what with the influence of the grand lodge of "antients" and the joining of the royal princes, soon forsook its deistic principles and no longer refused to interfere in public affairs in order to claim its allegiance to monarchy and emphatically to condemn the french revolution. Yet, british freemasons had considered american revolutionists with a more friendly eye. Scottish freemasonry turned out to help the edinburgh leading classes incorporate into the united kingdom. Whatever the historical or geographical background, far from isolating individuals, lodges enabled them to rise on the social ladder and induced them to take an active part in the life of the city
Baudino, Isabelle. "Peinture et historicité, les mutations de la peinture d'histoire en Grande-Bretagne dans la première moitié du XVIIIème siècle (1707-1768)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10012.
Full textThis research deals with the production of history painting in eighteenth-century britain. I have shown that between 1707 and 1768 british painters practised this genre but endeavoured to adapt it to their protestant audience. In addition to this practise, they carried out aesthetic reflections in order to modernize the conventions of this genre. In the first chapter i have presented the historical context to my research, putting a particular emphasis on the building of a national identity. I have also introduced all the actors who were involved in the composition, the commercialization and the appreciation of works of art. I have underlined the importance of the decades that preceded the creation of the royal academy of arts, aiming at demonstrating with pierre bourdieu's theories, that they corresponded to the appearance of an autonomous artistic field. In the second chapter i have studied a hundred paintings in order to show that british painters gradually evolved from conventional history painting. They modernized the genre by painting recent historical events as such, thus taking into account the historicity of their sujects. In the third chapter i have explained this modernization of history painting by the influence of historiography on british painters. I have shown that this new practise gave the opportunity to artists to play an important part in the building of the national identity
Deschamps, Yannick. "Daniel Defoe au service de l'union anglo-écossaise (1707) : essai d'interprétation des arguments utilisés par Defoe pour promouvoir l'union." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030048.
Full textDefoe is inextricably linked with the anglo-scottish union. When the act of union was submitted to the scottish parliament, in 1706-1707, the pamphleteer was in edinburgh. Entrusted by harley to promote the union, he attended the sessions of the scottish parliament. He sat in the committee dealing with the economic articles of the union. He participated in the meetings of the general assembly of the church of scotland. But it is essentially with his pen that defoe tried to serve the union. In the review and in numerous pamphlets, among which a series of essays at removing national prejudices against an union, he argues that the established churches of england and scotland have nothing to fear from the act of union, that scotland, although losing its parliament, will be well represented in the westminster parliament, and that the union will stimulate scottish agriculture, fishing, industry and trade. Defoe, following the requirements of propaganda, takes some liberties with the truth :he namely overestimates the capacity of the union to put the scottish economy back onto the rails of progress immediately. But he is right in several respects. The status of the churches of scotland and england will not be altered and scotland will eventually benefit from english prosperity, especially after 1750. Besides, defoe displays much talent in the controversy which brings him into conflict with the anti-unionist pamphleteers. His use of rhetorical devices in particular is remarkable. As a consequence, the role played by defoe in the success of the union should not be minimized
Jahier, Hugues. "Angleterre et Suisse romande : étude sur le commerce européen au XVIIIème siècle." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040035.
Full textIn the 2nd half of the 18th century, the religious matter still remains a reverential but symbolic picture, relating to the strong links between England and the most part of French- (speaking) "Switzerland". Henceforth, time is at the applied technology progresses. They rule over the economic apparatus and general consummation. The "goes it alone" of Britain in the industrial revolution, institutional affinities, and a beloved area to the Britons ' eyes, forced the pace. Despite, from time to time, unfavorable circumstances, there will be always a "European bridge" opens for direct contacts. More and more, Swiss watchmaking seems to be dependent upon the English supplies. The whole range of utilitarian and fashionable manufactured products, local handicrafts, became "absolutely necessary" for both partners. It is the "discover" of England not only attracted by the distant shores, and an extravert "Switzerland"
Depeyre, Michel. "Tactiques et stratégies navales de la France et du Royaume-Uni, de 1690 à 1815." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040190.
Full textFrom 1690 to 1815, france was regularly defeated at sea, while england was reinforcing her own power. Paradoxically, france' approach to naval tactics at the time was the most brilliant in europe, as expressed in the training of young officers. As to england, she moved away from such theoretical concerns and remained faithful to pratical training. How to explain the paradox ? the present thesis is based on these premises statement and tries to meet the paradox by analysing the treaties on tactics at sea in both countries. In the first part, we shall study the authors and their textbooks in a historical perspective; there will be three main periods : that of the initiators of the tactics (1690-1760), the climax (1770-1789), then the stagnation together with the discovery of new approaches to naval strategy (17891815). In the third part, we shall consider the method of the authors (in terms of pedagogy, the part of geomery and history, and so on) an we shall further develop two leading thems : the concept of tactics and the outlines of the strategic approach. The latter will be seen to develop in france in terms of abstract tactics, partly imitated in england by two authors. France, being inferior at sea, vainly tried to compensate with technological discoveries; the french also believed in tactical improvements developing a theory based on reason, also much influenced by contemporary esthetic concerns (there is for instance a similarity between court ballets and the evolutions of vessels). As for the english, they had a more c0ncrete approcah of tactics - yet with a sense of efficiency which accounts for such victories as trafalgar
Dubois, Pierre. "L'orgue dans la société anglaise au XVIIIème siècle : éthique et esthétique de la modération." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040200.
Full textSiméon, Ophélie. "De l’usine à l’utopie : New Lanark 1785-1825. : Histoire d’un village ouvrier « modèle »." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20083.
Full textThis thesis examines the textile industrial village of New Lanark (Scotland). Founded in 1785 and now a World Heritage site, it is mostly renowned for its reputation as a « model » factory, thanks to its association with Robert Owen (1771-1858), himself considered the « Father of British socialism ». It argues that such myth-making must be studied in context in order to grasp both its scope and significance, submitting it to a deconstruction and reconstruction process. Firstly, the history of the industrial village will be studied in the context of the Industrial Revolution in order to understand the specificities of this type of settlement, namely its close links with so-called « paternalistic » management methods. Examining paternalist discourses also sheds light on the foundations and formation of Owen’s thought, as he used New Lanark as a testbed for an experiment in social reform. Secondly, the industrial village will be studied per se in order to confront its internal dynamics with the application of Owen’s policies. Thirdly, we will analyse how New Lanark was received in its day, as Owen launched a campaign for the promotion of his doctrine, which amounted to the birth of the first British socialist movement in the late 1820s. The pioneering status which both New Lanark and Owen have been awarded also need to be analysed in relation to the latter’s labelling as a « utopian socialist ». The making of this tradition can therefore be understood as a series of strategic processes whereby Owen has been integrated into the socialist canon despite his supposed eccentricities and thanks primarily to his enlightened management policies at New Lanark, thus establishing him as the founder of a distinctively British socialism owing nothing to Marxism
Ferlier, Louisiane. "The "various steps of the spriritual traveller" : George Keith (1639-1716) et la mobilité religieuse dans le monde britannique au tournant des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070097.
Full textThis dissertation retraces the religious, intellectual and geographical steps of George Keith (1639-1716). His biography illustates the diversity of Protestant beliefs in the British world at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries. The definition of religious orthodoxy was a stake for the individual as much as for the territorial expansion of the dom, as such, it was continuously the subject of controversies in the English-speaking world from the bration to the reign of Queen Anne. A Presbyterian in Aberdeen, Keith converted to Quakerism in 1664. He then joined the Anglican Church in London in 1700 after a schismatic experience in colonial Pennsylvania. A philosophical correspondent, a preacher, a missionary and above ail a writer, religion was his primary professional occupation along with mathematics. Keith explored these religious options, seeking a denomination that would correspond to his definition of the transmission of divine truth. His religious mobility from orthodoxy to heterodoxy led to a geographical mobility. Therefore, Keith's spiritual voyage takes the reader through the religious landscapes of land, the British colonies in America and England. The study is divided into three periods covering three moments of Keith's voyage: the constitution of his thought and doctrine during the Restoration in Scotland is first jidered, then his exploration of Quakerism is retraced, finally the biography closes on a study of his conformation to anglicanism. Through the study of Keith's writings and their diffusion, this dissertation illustrates some of the Ilogical evolutions of the definition of belief and knowledge in the context of the British modernity of the 17th and 18th centuries
Clarke, de Dromantin Patrick. "La noblesse jacobite au service de la France au XVIIIe siècle." Bordeaux 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR30008.
Full textAfter "The Glorious Revolution" of 1688 and the fall of James II, more than 50 000 of his followers, most of them being Irish catholics, had to fly from persecution and find refuge in France where they showed the same energy as the French Huguenots in countries they went to. Our subject matter in insertion of these Irish refugees into the elite of France. This insertion was both civil and social , involving the acquisition of citizenship, accesss to the nobolity, marriage, alliances and standard of living. It also concerned professional soldiering, the Church, the upper level of the civil service, trade and industry as well as the influence of the jacobites on the attitudes of the French nobility, which partly through their influence was brought to participate more actively in the economic development of the kindom of France. Lastly, this thesis ends with an evocation of what for the jacobites were the further trials of seven years war and the Revolution of 1789
Minchella, Delphine. "L’engagement politique des femmes en Écosse au XVIIIe siècle : image sociale et style féminin." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040093.
Full textThe eighteenth century was a time of social struggle and a time of political instability in Scotland : The Act of Union of 1707 dissolved both parliaments of England and Scotland, and replaced them with a new Parliament of Great Britain, based at Westminster, the former home of the English Parliament. Moreover, Jacobitism, a political movement dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to their thrones (created after the deposition of James II and VII in 1688 when he was replaced by his daughter Mary II jointly with her husband and first cousin William of Orange) provoked two major rebellions in 1715 and in 1745 and, contrary to the traditional political parties, the Jacobite community did not reject women’s help for it was perpetually trying to attract new supporters. Yet, the only Scottish woman of that century who became famous for her political involvement was Flora MacDonald (1722-1790), a young and common Highlander who helped Charles Edward Stuart, the Jacobite Prince of Wales, escape Benbecula in the Outer Hebrides as he was hunted by the Duke of Cumberland at the head of the Government force. Quite surprisingly, Flora MacDonald was not jacobite, as other Scottish women were (such as Jenny Cameron or Lady Ann MacKintosh) so, the object of this study is to understand why Flora is still remembered today (and considered as a real national pride in Scotland) and not the "real" Jacobite heroines who did fight for their Cause. So, it brings about the following questions : did Scottish women feel concerned by political issues ? What were their roles ? What were their social class ? What about their participation in street riots ?
Mauger-Fatome, Agnes. "Cherbourg 1720-1831 : démographie et croissance urbaine." Caen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CAEN1122.
Full text8the history of cherbourg is characterised by its geographical position on a peninsula facing england, and by the interest shown by the great ones of the kingdom : dimplomatic relations with england shaped its fate in the eighteenth and early nineteenth century. Its population grouth followed the same pattern : it went through a decline in the wake of the destruction of the port and its fortifications by the english in august 1758. Then, from 1780 on, the huge maritime works undergone under louis xvi brought about a change in its population and the growth of the city which was then faced with an influx of rural people coming for the most part from the "clos du cotentin". This arrival of immigrants let to a switch in people's mentality and their attitude to demography : they learnt how to control births and to curb the death of childrens over 10. In that sense, cherbourg followed the same tendancy as the norman cities in the eighteenth century ; in that regard cherbourg's specificity did not constitute an asset in the charges that occured in the late eighteenth century
Colson, Bruno. "Le général Rogniat : premier ingénieur de la Grande Armée et critique militaire." Paris, EPHE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EPHE4078.
Full textGeneral Joseph Rogniat (1776-1840) was chief engineer of the Grande Armée in 1813. In 1816, he wrote a book on the art of war, in which he praised but also critized Napoleon. On the island of Saint-Helena, the emperor read the book, denigrated it and dictated harsh commentaries which were published in 1823. Rogniat was shocked and wrote a angry response. This contradictory exchange of ideas was quite unique. Its analysis and the reactions it produced lead to a re-evaluation of french military thought at the beginning of the 19th century. General Rogniat's brilliant career also provides a better insight into the role of the french engineer corps during the napoleonic wars. Rogniat was the son of a notary who was a member of the legislative assemby and personified the new bourgeois elite. General Rogniat served the Bourbon restauration and became a pear of France in 1831. Most of the archival sources used in this work come from the french military archives in Vincennes, the national archives in Paris and private papers
Piettre, Pauline. "La France devant l'opinion publique anglaise de 1864 à 1880." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040110.
Full textFrom 1864 to 1880, France underwent a series of profound changes, internal - the second empire ceded to a republic, which progressively took root - and external - the question of German unification overthrew the balance of power and went against France's own prestige. The specific role that France played, both in the interplay of nation states and in current affairs, did not leave England indifferent, proud as it was of it's own industrial, commercial and political pre-eminence. Franco-english relations did not experience any particular troubles in the period in question. However, in England numerous articles in the press, parliamentary and diplomatic archives, contemporary correspondence, travellers' accounts and tourist guides all demonstrate that public opinion was actively interested in the political and cultural choices taking place in France. The Victorians, more or less well-informed on the specificity of French culture, react only to what surprises them, following their own ambitions, fears and points of reference. After outlining the contours of public opinion and the image that it retains of the French, after observing English reactions to French home and foreign political policies, and considering English accounts written when in France, we must conclude that vigilance on behalf of the English was the order of the day. The foreign ambitions of the second Empire are denounced, as are the institutional procrastination of the Republic, the inertia of the State or the importance accorded to equality. The English are equally struck by the changeable humour of the French, but also impressed by the beauty of the landscapes, the jovial tenor of the press and the politeness of the people. If a scepticism remains, their reactions testify readily to the interest, fascination and astonishment France exerted on English public opinion
Martin, Carine. "Jean Cameron (1700?-1772) et ses représentations : analyse de la signification culturelle d'une héroïne jacobite." Lille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL30010.
Full textThe 1745 insurrection gave rise to intense propaganda on the Hanoverian side, in this context, the character of Jenny Cameron first appeared as an anti-Jacobite weapon. Variously described as a formidable Amazon or as the Young Pretender's mistress, it was loosely based on a real woman, Jean Cameron, daughter of a cadet familly of Cameron of Lochiel's. As factor to her paralytic brother, she raised men in Morven, then attented the raising of the Stuart standard on 19th August 1745. Jenny Cameron will be approached as a representation. In its most tangible dimension, the term refers to an object, the artefact. The study of the cultural success of the works mentioning Jenny Cameron reveals two stages, a boom in 1745-1746 followed by a marginalisation of the character up to 1800. As a symbolic process, the representation of Jenny Cameron brings to light the way the character was incorporated into the system of thought peculiar to 18th-centur- Britain. In that respect, she contributed to etablish the otherness of particular groups or characters, as well as to exclude Jacobite women from History, and, more generally, women froms politics. At each stage of the analysis, the representations of Jenny Cameron will be compared to those of three other women who took part in the rising – the Duchess of Perth, Lady Ogilvy and Flora Macdonald – so as to bring into relief the specificity of the former
Terrier, Marie. "La contribution théorique et militante d'Annie Besant (1847-1933) au renouveau socialiste en Grande-Bretagne. Genèse et prolongements." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA107.
Full textIn the 1880s, socialist ideas attracted renewed interest in Britain and socialist organisations were set up. Annie Besant (1847-1933)’s theoretical and militant contribution to the intellectual ferment of the “Socialist Revival” was important. Annie Besant was nevertheless marginalised by historians of the socialist movement. After ten years of militancy in Charles Bradlaugh’s radical but anti-socialist National Secular Society (NSS), Annie Besant came to argue in numerous articles and pamphlets, for an evolutionary socialism, demanding state intervention in the economy and the establishment of social rights. In 1885, she joined the newly formed Fabian Society and took part in the elaboration of the Fabian doctrine based on involvement in traditional politics and gradual collectivism. In helping the Bryant and May’s women matchmakers when they struck and formed a union, Annie Besant contributed to “new unionism”. In 1888, when she was elected to the London School Board, she openly defended a socialist programme. In 1889, Annie Besant converted to theosophy, a spiritualist doctrine inspired by eastern philosophies and religions. First, she gave up political and social agitation. However, after moving to India she agitated for Home Rule in India from the 1910s. Her interest in socialist ideals was renewed and she sought to make alliances within the Labour party. Taking into account the evolution her career, but also the sequel to her socialist commitment, is crucial to understand the nature and the development of British socialism at the end of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century
Grenet, Sylvie. "Le génie du lieu dans l'aquarelle anglaise (1750-1850)." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040041.
Full textThe function of the genius of [the] place, whose sacred origin dates back to antiquity, is to preside over a given place and to maintain its sacred and ancient characteristics. The expression "genius of [the] place" reappears in English literature during the 1730s, particularly when the authors describe real places. British watercolours of the Golden Age (1750-1850) also represent real places. The goal of this thesis, based on the study of these watercolours, is to demonstrate that 18th-century artists still keep the sacred alive, even when they represent real places. It also aims to show that the only way for artists to keep the place alive is to deny 18th-century rational thought, which tends to make the place disappear, and to reassert the existence of sacred thought. The study of the relationship between sacred thought and watercolours is divided into two parts. The first is devoted to an overview of 18th-century watercolours (Chapter 1) and of the texts mentioning the genius of [the] place (Chapter 2). The second deals with the analysis of nature (Chapter 3) and history (Chapter 4) in relation to the sacred
Gallet, Maud. "Marchands nord-américains en voyage en Grande-Bretagne (1776-1815) : transferts culturels et identité nationale." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA134/document.
Full textBy studying the travel writings of North American merchants going to Great Britain between 1776 and 1815, we analyse the cultural transfers across the Atlantic and observe the growing emancipation of the young Republic from its former mother country. It appears that these merchants fully contributed to the creation of an American national identity. Their stay in Great-Britain undeniably encouraged this process, as it enabled visitors to measure themselves against a British « Other », to realise what made them truly American, to boast about their superiority, but also, as merchants, to defend specific values and a certain vision of the American society
Lefeuvre, Olivier. "Philippe-Jacques de Loutherbourg (1740-1771) : vie et oeuvre." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040153.
Full textPhilippe-Jacques de Loutherbourg, born in 1740, died in London in 1812 was a multi-facetted artist with numerous passions. Above all a landscape painter, he was also a history painter, stage designer, inventor of a show that was a precursor of the Dioramas, but also a man who was passionate about the occult who abandoned painting for a time in order to become a healer. Trained in France by an Italian artist, Francesco Giuseppe Casanova, he began his career in Paris before settling permanently in London and all his life had a considerable reputation which disappeared quickly after his death. Despite several attempts at a rehabilitation, Loutherbourg is today forgotten. The reconstitution of his painted output and the establishment of an accurate biography has allowed the author to asses more fairly his place in the history of painting in the second half of the 18th and early 19th centuries. In considering his contemporaries’ attitude to his work, in particular his favourite genre, landscape painting and his approach to the art market of his time, the author has attempted to understand better this individual who in his time was considered to be essential
Kuo, Sheng-Lung. "La meilleure ennemie de la France : Guides, récits de voyage outre-Manche et considérations sur l'Angleterre pendant la monarchie de Juillet." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC197.
Full textThe most Anglophile French king, Louis-Philippe (1830-1848), commences his rule inan Anglomaniac atmosphere. Throughout his reign though, several conflicts opposing Parisand London are the cause of an unfolding Anglophobic spirit. Starting off from these three feelings that are both distinct and interdependent, and in the perspective of the main contemporary trends like romanticism, nationalism and socialism, this thesis aims at studyingthe various representations of England during the July Monarchy. A study of the evolving Franco-British relationship from the Age of Enlightenment until the fall of the last Frenchking, is the background to this work: it helps understanding the judgment that the French exercised on their English neighbors during this period. Guidebooks published during the“King of the French” regime and writings from French travelers who expand on their discoveries and experiences of the English life within a “commercial and industrial England”,are then an object of analysis. A final aspect of this study focuses on their considerations with respect to the social state of this “industrial England”, in a context when France is pursuing apath of industrialization. Those diverse images about Great Britain extracted from French travelers’ publications are all pointing to the true motive of their stay across the Channel: a circumspect study of England that can be used to educate their own country, France, or eventhe whole world
Ronzani, Hélène. "Le théâtre de John O'Keeffe." Bordeaux 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR30023.
Full textLéon-Sironval, Margaret. "Metamorphose d'un conte aladin francais et anglais (xviiie et xixe siecles). Contribution a l'etude des mille et une nuits." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030162.
Full textThe story of aladdin or the wonderful lamp is part of the "thousand and one nights" which were orally transmitted before being transcribed into arabic. A critical review of the alleged arabic sources and a study of the transmission of the story and its metamorphoses, have made it possible to retrace the historical and geographical itinerary of the text and the avatars of its entry in the international folklore the study of the tale focuses on the comparative analysis of the illustrations through 73 french editions and 76 english editions and of the different eighteenth and nineteenth century rewritings, in france and in england. This important volume of collected documents required the creation of both a data bank and an image bank. The large number of images (661) illustrating the story, made it necessary to choose a limited number of illustrated passages. Consequently, this is why the analysis of the relations between text and images, takes into account only the illustrations in the preliminary and final pages of the narration. The fame of the tale raises questions as to the reasons of its lasting impact in the collective memory. One would be inclined to identify aladdin as a social archetype and understand how such an archetype was related through the different illustrations and rewritings of the tale. Indeed, the rewritings of the text for various purposes such as children's books, popular publications, the theatre, the cinema, and the fact that the tale was a source of inspiration for some writers, also raises the question of the relation of aladdin to a myth. The suggested mythical model, that of a man who started from scratch and became immensely rich and powerful, highlights the dimension of magic and wonder in the tale
Grosclaude, Jérôme. "La question des ministères dans les relations entre l'église d'Angleterre et les méthodistes [1791-1979]." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030049.
Full textIf we cast a global look on the practices through which, from the beginning of the movement in 1738, the Methodists deviated from Church of England’s (their « mother-Church »’s) orthodoxy, we can identify a common factor: a different conception of the ministries. It is on this single question that John Wesley and his disciples fundamentally diverged from the Church of England’s principles, since the father of Methodism considered that priests and bishops formed essentially a single “presbyter” order and consequentially had the same powers, including that of ordination. The Methodists also had a different conception of the Ministry of the Word, since they considered that God could call lay people to preach the Gospel. All the differences that arose between Methodism and the Church of England can then be traced to the question of the ministries. These differences continued after the death of John Wesley in 1791. Throughout the XIXt! h century, the two denominations grew further apart because of their disagreement concerning apostolic succession. In the 1950s and 1960s, however, the reunion of British Methodism and the Church of England in a single Episcopalian confession was contemplated but finally abandoned in 1972 because of the refusal of the Church of England’s Church Assembly and then of its General Synod to approve this union
Berget, Claire. "Les représentations et l'imaginaire de la viole de gambe en Angleterre aux dix-septième et dix-huitième siècles." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR2031.
Full textIn England, the viola da gamba has a singular destiny, from an incontestable popularity with the aristocracy in the seventeenth century to a rejection of increasing intensity over the eighteenth century. The representations of the instrument in documents peripheral to the musical sphere, such as letters, poems or paintings, reveal the complexity of the imaginaire surrounding the instrument. Although, in prosperous times, the viol conjures up lewd images of a sensual body, it is simultaneously associated with ideals of nobility through the supposed melancholy of its tone. At that period, it is also felt to be closely connected to the English national identity, whose specificity it appears to crystallise. However, its dwindling popularity with the elite leads to the proliferation of negative images. Senescence and sterility are increasingly associated with the viol, while ideologically, the instrument is spurned as non- English. The brief resurgence of the viol in the second half of the eighteenth century is brought on by the development of the cult of sensibility. Individual emotions are voiced through its perceived archaism and unique tone. The viola da gamba, both in the circular paradigm of the Renaissance, and in the linear and discursive paradigm of the Enlightenment, successfully embodies contrasting aesthetic and ideological imaginaires
Bigonville, Delphine. "Association des idées et intuition: la réponse des architectes anglais à la Querelle des Anciens et des Modernes." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209775.
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Fournier, Ismaël. "La préparation pré-déploiement de l'infanterie canadienne avant le débarquement allié en Sicile : doctrine et entraînement des armées canadiennes et allemandes 1919-1944." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26015.
Full textMazé, Mathieu. "Naissance du tourisme dans les Highlands d'Ecosse : 1750-1850." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010650.
Full textFrom 1750 to 1850, a new kind of industry began its development in the Highlands of Scotland. The region became one of the most favored holiday destinations for the British. The entering into the age of sensibility and romantism accounts for those changes. A new interest in nature and « wild » landscapes and a taste for history and folklore appeared. This movement was supported by literary and pictural productions that spread enhancing representations of the Highlands. Transport and accommodation infrastructures were still very inadequate at the start of the period but improved rapidly to meet the demands of the new travelling community, revealing the capacity of the local society to mobilise their ressourcesto seize those opportunities. The territory of the Highlands was tranformed by this industry. Some places became highly regarded thanks to their aesthetic qualities or their historical associations. New organisations were made to facilitate their access or even to adorn or protect them. Tourism brought material and symbolic compensations to a region afflicted witheconomic difficulties and it brought the aristocracy and the middle class to share the same interests, contributing to appease social tensions during a period in which they could be very keen
Blanc, Félix. "L’organisation des pouvoirs de guerre et de paix aux origines du gouvernement représentatif : enquête sur l’invention du concours des pouvoirs en Angleterre, en France et aux Etats-Unis." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0119.
Full textOur representative democracies rely on principles such as citizens’ consent and separation of powers, whose original horizon was modern republics. But institutional implementation and historical trials have sometimes led to their denaturation and toning down. For instance, the role such principles could play within the organization of war powers was strongly discussed among the founding fathers of representative governments in England, France and United-States, but also between their first thinkers – especially Locke, Montesquieu and Rousseau. To end the discussion, they mostly proposed to vest such powers in the very same hands. Diplomatic and military offices allegedly fall within the scope of governmental functions usually fulfilled by the “small number” that Weber and Machiavelli praised in different times? This inquiry reveals the limits of such proposals and explains how some American and French revolutionaries strove to go beyond them. Therefore, they built a genuine political system with several powers concurring in times of war. With such system, they wanted to preserve moderation in government by restricting concentrations of power in war times, and avoid any risk of confusion between civilian and military authorities. They seek to foster an external unity in sovereign states where several branches of government are supposed to remain distinct. Finally, they looked for an optimized number of citizens able to share the collective burden of the decisions that could either jeopardize or secure international peace
Folliot, Laurent. "Des paysages impossibles : nature, forme et historicité chez W. Wordsworth et S.T. Coleridge." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00881236.
Full textLeclair, Marion. "Politique et poétique du roman radical en Angleterre (1782-1805)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA080/document.
Full textThis dissertation examines a corpus of English novels which have been little studied in France as yet and never as a whole. The novels were published between 1782 and 1805 by a group of writers who, by their ideas and in some cases active political commitment, belong to the radical movement which developed in England in the second half of the eighteenth century, gained impetus and structure in the wake of the French Revolution, and collapsed at the end of the decade when faced with repression from the government of William Pitt. Radical novelists, many of whom, like William Godwin, Mary Wollstonecraft and John Thelwall, were philosophers and pamphleteers before they took to novel-writing, flew to the defence of the rights of man (and of the rights of woman) in the revolution controversy which pitted Thomas Paine against Edmund Burke – and their work bears the mark of the rise and demise of the radical movement. Combining intellectual history with classical narratology, book history, and the social and cultural history of radicalism, this dissertation seeks to highlight the way in which political ideology is built into the very forms of the novels – in the characters’ speech and the characters themselves, in the novels’ plot and narration type, in their style and publishing format, as well as in their meaningful silences. Such a study brings to light, rather than a coherent radical ideology, a recurring tension between two versions of radicalism, liberal and jacobin, bourgeois and plebeian, whose partly conflicting conjunction assumes different shapes from one novelist to the other and between the early 1780s and late 1790s, as radical hopes of reform sink under the conservative backlash
Lacroix, Constance. "Jane Barker et la Trilogie de Galesia : commentaire, annotation et traduction d'une trilogie jacobite." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00838505.
Full textParadis, Matthieu. "La présence militaire britannique et les réseaux d'affaires dans le Haut-Richelieu (1812-1836)." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17930.
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