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1
Hettinger, Barbara J. (Barbara Jane). "Grandparent Satisfaction and Family Structure: a Descriptive Study of Multigenerational Families in Denton County, Texas." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332273/.
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This descriptive study of 45 multi-generational families contributes empirical knowledge about grandparent-grandchild relationships. A questionnaire was developed and completed by 74 subjects who were part of a randomly selected sample taken from a tax roll of homeowners over age 65 in Denton County, Texas. The responses provide information which expands the existing data base in the area of grandparenting.
The study pinpoints areas in the grandparenting literature which need refinement and contributes data to those areas, rather than producing a set of conclusions. Areas as yet undocumented or inadequately documented in the literature are identified as the following: (a) family structural composition; (b) grandparents' personal characteristics; (c) selected aspects of grandparent-grandchild contact; and (d) satisfaction with the grandparent role. Data for these areas should help reveal factors having an impact on grandparent-grandchild relationships. A base for further investigation in these areas is established, and data are also analyzed to determine satisfaction or lack of satisfaction with grandparenting.
The seventy-four subjects, from 45 households, included 44 grandmothers and 30 grandfathers. The number of generations per family was used as the base to report the findings. The study substantiates other research on grandparenting, particularly in the area of timing of grand-parenthood. Data collected in this study support the view that the grandparent's chronological age and the time in his or her life cycle when grandchildren appear (role entry), religious affiliation, lineage, and frequency of contact all contribute to satisfaction with the role of grandparent. Almost all of the respondents described themselves as satisfied grandparents and indicated their pride in and pleasure derived from their grandchildren.
A strong relationship between satisfaction and any one variable studied is not identified. The major contribution of the study lies in the descriptive detail and in ruling out any one characteristic as "the one variable" that really matters in determining satisfaction among grandparents.
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Shore, R. Jerald (Robert Jerald). "Variables Affecting Grandchildren's Perceptions of Grandparents." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501064/.
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While many studies have investigated grandparenthood from the point of view of the grandparent, few have considered this issue from the perspective of the grandchild. In this respect, a number of variables (i.e., grandchild age and gender, parents' marital status, and grandparents' age, gender, education, kinship position, residential proximity to and frequency of visiting with grandchildren, perceived influence on the grandchild, style of grandparenting, and relationship with the parents) were investigated as determinants of the quality of the grandparent-grandchild relationship in a sample of 171 adolescents and young adults. It was found that different sets of variables operated for different grandparents to predict the quality of their relationships with grandchildren.
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Haberstroh, Chris L. "The Perceived Relationships of Young Adults Reared in Stepfamilies with their Grandparents and Stepgrandparents." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc935672/.
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This study proposed that the perceived quality of the custodial grandparent/grandchild relationship in step families will not be interrupted by the parental separation and remarriage and that the determinants of the quality of this relationship would be similar to that associated with the grandchild/grandparent relationship in intact families. The research by Shoire and Hayslip (1988) who studied grandparenting indicates that four variables are significant in this perceived relationship (in order of magnitude): kinship position (maternal versus paternal), grand parenting style, parent/grandparent bond, and influence the grandparent has on the grandchild. There same four variables were proposed to predict the perceived quality of the custodial grandparent/grandchild relationship in step families. Grandparenting style, as defined bu Shore and Hayslip (1988), is comprises of three variables, parentlike behaviors provided, services provided, and visitation patterns. To have a continuous rather than nominal value for grandparenting style and to determine which aspect of grandparenting style is most important, these three variables, parentlike behaviors, services, and visitation were used in place of grandparenting style. Therefore, this study proposed that the following variables would predict perceived quality of the custodial grandparent/grandchild relationship: kinship position,parentlike behaviors provided, services provided, visitation patterns, parent/grandparent bond, and influence the grandparent has on the grandchild. Second, this study proposed that while some variables that predict the perceived custodial stepgrandparent/stepgrandchild relationship would correspond to the variables that predict the perceived custodial grandparent/grandchild relationship, some different variables would be important in predicting the perceived quality of the custodial stepgrandchild/stepgrandparent relationship.
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Greenwood, Judith Mary. "Kinship care placement: Do grandparents' relationships with birthparents affect placement outcomes?" CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2819.
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This study will explore whether the relationships between grandparents and birthparents affect kinship care placement outcomes for court dependent children. Data was extracted from an existing study of kinship care providers.
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Matzek, Amanda E. "The association between raising grandchildren and grandparent caregiver marital relationships." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4901.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on October 30, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Monserud, Maria Aleksandrovna. "Young adults' relationships with grandparents parents' intergenerational ties and grandchildren's adult roles /." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2008/m_monserud_041708.pdf.
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Shafie, Robert. "Healthy Attachment and Parent-Child Relationships." Thesis, Grand Canyon University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10687191.
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Relations between parents and children play an essential role across the life course. A vast number of studies provide empirical evidence for the link between parental attachment and the psychological well-being of children. The purpose of this descriptive qualitative study was to explore how American and American Lebanese parents perceive the influence of parent-child relationships on their children’s well-being. Bowlby’s attachment theory provided the theoretical framework for the study. A qualitative descriptive design was used in which 100 parents were sampled to complete a mostly open-ended online questionnaire. Additionally, 12 parent participants were interviewed by phone. Questionnaire results were presented in percentages and summary format. Interview results were deductively summarized. Main codes for the first research question were parent/child bonding, reciprocal communication patterns and connectedness. Main codes for the second research question included barriers to parent/child relationships and changes that occurred in the relationship over time. Findings did not reveal culture significantly influenced parent/child relationships in this sample. In conclusion, the study identified that closeness and communication are related to family the parent/child relationship. Due to limited analysis strategy and limited variation in the sample, more research is recommended.
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Wolfe, Herbert F. "The relationships among perceptions of family disharmony, parent-child relationships, disharmonious family experiences, and adolescent cigarette smoking." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2004. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0519104-134946/unrestricted/WolfeH100404f.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A.)--East Tennessee State University, 2004.Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0519104-134946 Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.
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Ribe, Eloi. "Researching intimacy in family life : a mixed methods study of emotional closeness of grandparent-grandchild relationships in Scotland." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31288.
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This thesis aims to investigate how, and under what circumstances, intimacy in grandparent-grandchild relationships is enabled, enacted and sustained in the early years of grandchildren. Previous work on emotional closeness of grandparent-grandchild relationships suggests that grandmothers and maternal grandparents are more likely to feel stronger bonds with their grandchildren, and that grandparents with a good quality of relationship with parents and living geographically close to grandchildren have greater opportunities to develop a strong emotional tie. The majority of previous research involves data on perceptions of closeness of grandparents focusing on one of their grandchildren or by young adult grandchildren reporting on closeness with a specific grandparent. In addition, qualitative research with grandparents indicates the diversity of ways they exercise agency, and involvement in the life of grandchildren, as well as gendered changes in grandfatherhood. However, there has been limited scholarly attention given to practices of intimacy, emotions and masculinities in grandparent-grandchild relationships, and the ways grandparents interpret and negotiate intimate relationships with their grandchildren amid changes in individual, familial and relational aspects over time. This study uses quantitative data to examines the extent to which individual, family and socio-structural factors influence the mothers' perception of emotional closeness of the relationship of an infant child with four types of grandparents. This is supplemented by qualitative data on grandparents' views of closeness with all their grandchildren. There is a limited scholarly literature on the relation of grandparents' lived experiences, and shared normative understandings, and a sense of being close and special to their grandchildren. The 'practices of intimacy' approach highlights the significance of practices of everyday life enacted by individuals in relation to others in building the quality of being close, and the processes through which individuals attach meaning to such practices. This approach is adopted to understand the diversity of ways grandparents interpret and do intimacy with their grandchildren. The thesis aims were achieved through a mixed methods research process combining secondary data analysis of the Growing Up in Scotland (GUS) study and in-depth interviews with 24 cases of grandparents (12 solo, either with a grandmother or grandfather, and 12 with couple). GUS maps the emotional closeness of grandchild-grandparent relationships through the grandchild's mother's perception. Analysis revealed that perceived emotional closeness was more likely if the grandparent had social contact with the mother, lived geographically close, and looked after and engaged in outings more regularly with the infant child. In general, social contact and propinquity impacted less on grandmothers, particularly maternal grandmothers, and more on paternal grandfathers. Also, looking after grandchildren on a regular basis was distinctly salient for grandmothers, whereas going more frequently on outings was more salient for grandfathers than grandmothers. As regards practices of intimacy, grandparents emphasised the importance of communication through verbal, bodily and relational forms enacted through a large variety of activities in the daily living related to forms of caring, playing and spending time together, which construct a sense of emotional closeness. The study suggests that intimate grandparent-grandchild relationships are intersected by moral understandings of 'good grandparenting', which are challenged or find contradictions in lived experiences of grandparenting that produce asymmetrical emotionalities among grandchildren, and ambivalences in relation to children and grandchildren. The study suggests that grandparents reflect on their emotionality, and enact embodied emotions, depending on relational and family circumstances, and throughout changes in the relationship with their grandchildren as they get older. The study shows that grandfathers engage in emotional forms of caring, which may challenge hegemonic masculinities, and that the relation between masculinities and practices of intimacy are troubled, particularly in the event of parental divorce.
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Kelch-Oliver, Karia. "The Experiences of African American Grandchildren Raised in Grandparent-Headed Families." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/cps_diss/24.
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There has been an increase in grandparents raising their grandchildren due to parental absence. This family structure has affected urban, single, low income African Americans at a higher rate than any other racial group. Research on grandchildren reared in grandparent-headed families (GHF) states these children are at risk for significant emotional, behavioral, physical problems, and learning disabilities than children living with their biological parents. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of African American grandchildren raised in GHF. Both quantitative and qualitative methodology was used, including individual interviews with 14 African American grandchildren ages 10-16 and their 6 grandparent caregivers, and the completion of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), which is a standard psychological measure. Results indicated that although the majority of the grandchildren were content living with their grandparents, they experienced challenges at school, including behavioral issues, low academic performance, and suspensions. Family factors that might affect grandchildren’s adjustment to living in a GHF are discussed, as well as implications for therapists and recommendations for future research with grandchildren from GHF.
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Senturk, Vesile. "Changing family relationships, perinatal depression, and child development in Turkey." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/changing-family-relationships-perinatal-depression-and-child-development-in-turkey(635ff61f-6722-42f8-8593-6adcfa346852).html.
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Background: Perinatal depression is important not only for women affected but also potentially for their children and families. However, the incidence, persistence and impact of depression and its risk factors throughout the perinatal period are poorly understood outside Western settings: particularly the relationship with social support in traditional and nuclear family structures and the impact on child development. Aims: Through a prospective study of perinatal depression carried out in Ankara, Turkey, the candidate sought to estimate prevalence incidence and persistence of depression between antenatal and postnatal periods and associations with social support, and to investigate the effect of perinatal depression on changes in social support and child development Method: A community sample of 730 women were recruited in their third trimester and followed up at 2 months, 12 months and 18 months after birth. Depressive symptoms were ascertained using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, social support (relationship quality) with the Close Persons Questionnaire applied to relationships with the husband, mother and mother-in-law, and child development with the Guide for Monitoring Child Development (GMCD). Traditional and nuclear family settings were compared. Results: Prevalence of antenatal depression was 33.1%, incidence at 2 months after birth was 13.9%, and persistence of depression between these two points was 49.7%. Lower social support, particularly that from the husband and mother-in-law was strongly associated with antenatal depression. While some predictive associations were found for this exposure with incidence and persistence of depression to the post-natal period, more consistent and stronger associations were found between antenatal depression and a subsequent exaggerated decline in social support over all four examinations. No associations were found between perinatal depression and child development. Conclusion: Perinatal depression was common in this population and a predictor of declining quality in key relationships. However, no adverse effects were found of depression on child development.
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Katz, Emma. "Surviving together : domestic violence and mother-child relationships." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28456/.
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This thesis explores how mothers and children in the UK are affected by domestic violence, resist it, and actively support one another's recoveries. The focus extends beyond 'incidents' of physical violence, into the commonplace, the subtle and the everyday. This thesis shows that supportive mother-child relationships may enhance the well-being and recoveries of both mothers and children. It highlights the need to expand professional supports that repair and strengthen mother-child relationships. The study is located on different theoretical ground from most research in the domestic violence field. Usually, within the field, mothers' parenting is seen as promoting or not promoting resilience in their (passive) children. Often, children supporting mothers is seen as inappropriate and indicative of children taking on 'adult roles' or being 'parentified'. There has been little attention to the ways that children, along with mothers, may be active in producing the strong, supportive mother-child relationships that promote resilience and well-being. By contrast, this study conceptualises children, along with mothers, as active contributors to mother-child relationships. Mutual supports between mothers and children are viewed as potentially positive and productive. Thirty participants, 15 mothers and 15 children (aged 10-20) from the UK with experiences of domestic violence, were interviewed for this study. These interviews were conducted using a semi-structured, feminist-informed approach. Participants were recruited through organisations that support those with experiences of domestic violence, using a combination of purposive and snowball sampling. All participants were residing in the community, and the majority had never accessed refuge services. Ethical approval to conduct the study was granted by the University of Nottingham. This thesis presents findings that show how children supported mothers, while mothers continued to parent and support their children. The children and mothers interviewed described supporting each other in multiple ways. During the domestic violence, helpful supports could occur even as mothers and children struggled to communicate about what was happening and suffered negative behavioural and mental health impacts. Some mother-child relationships were more strained than others during this period. This study identifies five factors that influenced the extent of the damage caused to mother-child relationships during the domestic violence. These factors centred on the behaviours of perpetrators/fathers (their treatment of the children, the types of abuse they perpetrated, and the extent to which they undermined mother-child relationships) and the impacts of these behaviours on mothers and children. In the post-separation violence phase, children and mothers were on the 'frontlines' of each other's recoveries. Often, they acted as 'recovery-promoters' for one another, especially when they had received professional supports that repaired and strengthened their relationships. Recovery-promotion frequently occurred in subtle, everyday, age-appropriate ways not usually considered in previous research, including the giving of compliments and praise and 'having fun' together. However, mothers and children also described exchanging some supports that may have been more problematic, and not all mothers and children were able to support one another to the same extent. Based on these findings, this thesis proposes a framework for identifying the different levels and contexts of supports exchanged by mothers and children, and their complex, varied impacts. This framework has utility for future research, policy and practice with domestic violence survivors.
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Sayers, Robin C. "Understanding children's perceptions of teacher-child relationships in kindergarten: The role of child and family characteristics." The Ohio State University, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1617965085375737.
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Ota, Carrie L. "The Relationships Among Caregiver Training, Mentoring, and Turn-Taking Between Caregiver adn Child in Family Child Care." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/590.
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Basic communication skills are foundational for children's success in school and are dependent largely on their language experiences early in life. The purpose of this study was to examine two professional development models and family child care providers' use of turn-taking strategies that promote language in young children. The first professional development model consisted of a 10-hour nonformal training focused on supporting early language development. The second included the nonformal training and on-site mentoring. The 48 family child care programs were randomly assigned to one of the professional development models or a control group. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to examine the average increase in the frequency of providers' use of turn-taking strategies over three observations. Results indicate that both forms of professional development support increased use of language promoting turn-taking strategies as compared to a control group. Professional development that includes on-site mentoring support appears to be related to greater increases in providers' use of informational talk and didactic utterances over training only.
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Oliveros, Arazais. "Family Conflict and Emerging Adults' Attributions of Conflict in Romantic Relationships." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2141.
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The impact of parents' marital conflict and parent-child conflict on the adjustment of children is well documented. Given the theoretical and empirical data to support a relationship between experiencing interparental and parent-child conflict during childhood and later conflict in romantic relationships, it is important to investigate the potential mechanisms that operate in this relationship. Thus, the present study sought to investigate the extent to which attributions of conflict mediate the relationship between experiencing interparental and parent-child conflict and later conflict in a romantic relationship. Results were based on the responses of emerging adults (190 males and 473 females) enrolled in psychology courses at a large southeastern university. Compared to males, females reported experiencing lower levels of permissive parenting, as well as higher levels of interparental psychological aggression, maternal emotional availability, attachment with mothers and peers, and overt violence in their current romantic relationships. Consistent with extant research, significant correlations were found among interparental conflict, parent-child conflict, attributions of conflict, parenting style, emotional availability of parents, attachment, and conflict with current romantic partners. Regression analyses (for males and females separately) suggested that different types of interparental and parent-child conflict predict greater hostile attributions and greater levels of conflict with current romantic partners. Although attributions of conflict predicted conflict with current romantic partners, conflict attributions did not mediate the relationship between family conflict and conflict with current romantic partners. These findings emphasized the importance of research investigating the long-term cognitive and emotional effects of family conflict and violence in order to provide a context for understanding the development of risk and resilience factors for relationship violence.Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
Sciences
Psychology PhD
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Olander, Susan Mary Fischer 1954. "Relationships between parents' Adlerian personality priorities and dimensions of family environment." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276949.
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Adlerian theory of personality development cites personality priorities as beliefs that influence behavior. Priorities such as control and perfection, for example, are goals we strive for and act on. We determine our priorities early in life as means for accomplishing a sense of belonging. Since parents create the first interpersonal climate from which children learn to relate to others and life, this research investigates the part parents' personality priorities play in creating that family climate.
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Lam, Ling. "Raising an autistic child: parents' self-guides, emotional reactions, regulatory focus and commitment in child-training." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29725628.
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Emick, Michelle Adrianna. "A Cross-Sectional Study of Custodial Grandparenting: Stresses, Coping Skills, and Relationships with Grandchildren." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278999/.
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This cross-sectional study compared three groups of grandparents, two custodial and one noncustodial, to identify and delineate the unique challenges and expectations faced by custodial grandparents due to their nontraditional roles while attempting to disentangle grandparental role demands from child-specific problems as sources of distress. Those grandparents raising grandchildren demonstrating neurological, physical, emotional, or behavioral problems exhibited the most distress, the most disruption of roles, and the most deteriorated grandparent-grandchild relationships. Although the custodial grandparents raising apparently normal grandchildren demonstrated less distress, less disruption of roles, and less deterioration of the grandparent-grandchild relationship than those grandparents raising grandchildren displaying problems, they still demonstrated higher levels than did traditional grandparents. Those grandparents who reported fewer resources, demonstrated poor attitudes regarding seeking mental health services, and reported raising grandchildren displaying problems had the lowest levels of adjustment.
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Maleki-Tehrani, Marjan. "SIBLING RELATIONSHIPS AND FAMILY DYNAMICS IN FAMILIES WITH A CHILD WITH TOURETTE SYNDROME." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2822.
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This study investigated the association between the severity of Tourette Syndrome (TS) and comorbid tendencies (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and rage), maternal differential treatment, fairness evaluation of maternal differential treatment, and communication with both sibling and family relationships. Fifty-five mothers and healthy siblings of individuals with Tourette Syndrome participated in the study. The parents provided information regarding family demographics and the severity of Tourette Syndrome and comorbid tendencies, and the healthy siblings completed the sibling and family relationship questionnaires. The questionnaires were posted on a secure website, where the parents and healthy siblings could complete the online measures via internet connections. The study revealed several important findings. The results showed significant associations between the severity of Tourette Syndrome and comorbid OCD, ADHD and rage tendencies thus suggesting that studying Tourette Syndrome without considering comorbidity would be unrealistic. Additionally, communication regarding Tourette Syndrome between the healthy siblings and their parents played an important role with respect to sibling and family relationships. Communication between the healthy siblings and their parents predicted more warmth between the healthy siblings and their sibling with Tourette Syndrome as well as more family cohesion and adaptability as reported by the healthy siblings. Communication had a significant moderating effect on both severity of Tourette Syndrome and healthy siblings' fairness evaluation of maternal differential treatment in predicting family relationships. When the sibling had less severe Tourette Syndrome, the healthy siblings reported more family adaptability when they had more communication with their parents, and reported less family adaptability when they had less communication with their parents. The results also indicated that when healthy siblings perceived their maternal differential treatment to be unfair, they reported more family cohesion when they had more communication with their parents, and reported less family cohesion when they had less communication with their parents. The study did not support the negative impact of maternal differential treatment on sibling relationships; however, the results confirmed the previous findings regarding the moderating effect of fairness evaluation on maternal differential treatment in predicting sibling relationships. When the sibling with Tourette Syndrome was favored, the healthy siblings reported more sibling warmth when they perceived the favouritism (maternal differential treatment) to be fair. Furthermore, the results showed that healthy siblings' perceptions of maternal differential treatment could predict cohesion and adaptability in the family. The more the healthy siblings reported being treated differently by their mothers, the less cohesion and adaptability they reported in their families.
The present study supported previous studies in finding that sibling conflict decreased with age. The results also highlighted the role of age in moderating the effects of communication and maternal differential treatment in predicting sibling conflict. When healthy siblings had more communication with their parents they reported more conflict with their sibling with Tourette Syndrome when they were younger, and reported less sibling conflict with their sibling with Tourette Syndrome when they were older. Furthermore, when healthy siblings were favored by their mothers, they reported more conflict with their sibling with Tourette Syndrome when they were younger than when they were older, thereby emphasizing the importance of developmental differences in dynamics between the siblings. The significant contributions of the study include underlining the importance of communication, the relationship between Tourette Syndrome and comorbid conditions, and healthy siblings' perceptions of sibling and family relationships.
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Egan, Sandra. "The roots of resilience : child adjustment and sibling relationships in different family types." Thesis, University of East London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532540.
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Family forms are changing and parental separation often constitutes the first in a series of marital transitions experienced by children. The first aim of the study was to address the nature of child adjustment in single-parent, reconstituted and intact families in middle childhood. The second aim was to examine possible group differences in children's adjustment several years after parental separation occurred during infancy or beyond. Another purpose was to explore whether child adjustment in different family types differed as a function of infant-mother attachment histories. The third aim was to identify concurrent and longitudinal factors linked to child adjustment. In particular, family type differences in children's sibling relationships and associations with adjustment were examined. Maternal parenting, expectations and children's appraisals of and attributions for maternal differential parenting in different family types were tested and related to sibling relationship quality. Associations between infant-mother and -sibling relationships with younger siblings' adjustment and sibling relationships in middle childhood were tested. The sample included 76 Caucasian families. In Study 1 mothers rated child adjustment using questionnaires and infant-mother attachment classifications were assessed by an observer using the Classic Strange Situation. A sub-sample of 55 mothers, target child and their biological sibling participated in Study 2 which involved maternal interviews about parenting and questionnaires about sibling relationships. Children completed questionnaires rating their sibling relationship and provided appraisals of and attributions for maternal differential parenting. Case studies of observed sibling interaction were conducted in middle childhood. Infant-sibling attachment and relationships were assessed using a modified Classic Strange situation and home observations respectively. Study I found that although children in single-parent families displayed higher levels of externalising behaviours than children in intact families, the effect size of the mean difference was modest and individual differences marked. Boys were less academically and socially competent than girls. Children who experienced parental separation from three years onwards displayed more externalising behaviours than children in intact families. Children with secure infant-mother attachment histories displayed lower levels of externalizing behaviours in all family types. One of the main hypothesis in Study 2 proposed that sibling relationships in families who experienced marital transition, especially single-parent families would be less warm and more argumentative. Contrary to prediction, levels of sibling warmth and conflict in single-parent families did not differ from those in intact families. Siblings in reconstituted families reported significantly less conflict than siblings in single-parent and intact families. Remarried mothers reported significantly higher levels of sibling warmth in their children' relationship than married mothers and less sibling conflict than singleparent mothers. Correlational analyses revealed that sibling warmth and conflict were related to some child adjustment dimensions, especially in reconstituted families. Univariate analyses revealed significant mean differences in sibling relationships as a function of maternal discipline strategies of sibling conflict, although variations according to family type and respondent were found. Although, mean levels of maternal differential parenting did not differ, varying associations, especially for differential control and sibling conflict occurred in different family types, suggesting a "process X context" relationship. Multivariate analyses revealed that maternal differential control accounted for 9% of the variance in siblings' externalizing behaviours. Mean differences in academic competence occurred according to siblings' offering the attributions "personal attributions and interests" and "don't know" as explanations for maternal differential parenting. Individual differences in the duration of infant solitary play infancy showed moderate stability with children's sibling relationships. Infant solitary and joint play was linked to younger siblings' externalising behaviours and competencies in middle childhood. Externalizing behaviours were associated with older siblings' positive and younger siblings' negative behaviours as infants.
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Srivastava, Shweta Arpit. "Introducing Parasocial Relationships to Family Communication Scholarship: A Tripartite Model of Family Communication Patterns, Parental Management of Children’s Parasocial Relationships, and Parent-Child Bonding." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29874.
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PSRs are one-sided, emotionally-tinged relationships with media characters such as Peter Pan, Batman; Disney characters such as Mickey Mouse, Cinderella, and Mulan; and celebrities such as Justin Bieber, Rihanna, and Harry Stiles (Giles, 2000). This project situates children’s PSRs within the family communication environment by exploring the relationships between Family Communication Patterns (FCPs), parental management of PSRs, and perceptions of parent-child bonding.
Four parental management of PSRs behaviors, Guiding, Prohibiting, Supporting, and Neutrality, were studied with respect to the Conversation and Conformity orientations of FCPs. Parental management behaviors of Guiding, Prohibiting, and Supporting had significant impacts on perceptions of parent-child bonding, but Neutrality on its own did not have any significant influence. Guiding was manifested through the FCP path of Conformity instead of Conversation. Prohibiting had a strong inverse relationship with perceptions of parent-child bonding. Besides Conformity, Prohibiting also had a significant pathway through Conversation. Supporting had a strong and positive relationship with perceptions of parent-child bonding and a significant pathway through Conversation but not through Conformity. Although Neutrality on its own did not have a significant impact, it had a significant impact through Conformity.
Overall, this study fulfills its goal to look at the impact of parental communication behaviors on perceptions of the parent-child relationship. In the context of PSRs, parental communication about managing children’s PSRs is significantly related to the perceptions of parent-child bonding, and the impact of these micro communication behaviors is mediated by the overarching communication environment. Therefore, this study recommends that PSRs can be introduced to the mainstream discussion of interpersonal relationships such that family communication scholarship can explore the role of PSRs beyond media effects.
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Alvarez, Rhonda Kay. "Relationships between family environment, psychological maltreatment, and well-being and symptoms." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1890.
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An examination of the relationships between family environment, psychological maltreatment, subjective well-being and psychological distress. Certain family environments may be more at risk for engaging in psychological maltreatment than others.
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Lagerstrom, Tiffany. "All in the Family: The Role of Sibling Relationships as Surrogate Attachment Figures." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1138.
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While several studies have analyzed the impact of mother-child attachment security on the child’s emotion regulation abilities, few studies have proposed interventions to help children improve emotion regulation abilities in the presence of an insecure mother-child attachment. This current study extends previous findings about the influence of mother-child attachment on the child’s emotion regulation abilities and contributes new research in determining whether an older sibling can moderate this effect. This study predicts that across points of assessments: 18 months, 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years, the quality of mother-child attachment security will influence the child’s performance on an emotion regulation task, such that securely attached children will demonstrate the most persistence and least distress, children with Anxious-Avoidant attachment will demonstrate the least persistence, and children with Anxious-Ambivalent will demonstrate the most distress. If, at any point, the child develops an insecure relationship with the mother and a secure relationship with the older sibling, the child’s persistence is expected to increase and the child’s distress is expected to decrease. In this way, the older sibling will serve as a surrogate attachment figure. These research findings have important implications for parenting behaviors as well as clinical practices.
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Park, Jennifer M. "An Examination of the Impact of Hoarding Parent-Adult Child Relationships and Family Functioning." Scholar Commons, 2013. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5291.
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Compulsive hoarding is characterized by difficulty discarding unneeded items and the accumulation of items within living spaces and is associated with significant functional impairment and distress. Along with the negative impact on the individual, previous reports have indicated that compulsive hoarding is not only impairing and substantially burdensome for family members, but also linked to disruptions in family functioning. The present study utilized a path model analysis to examine the associations between an array of hoarding variables hypothesized to impact family functioning and parent-adult child relationships in 199 adult children of hoarders. Results revealed that family functioning mediated the relationship between hoarding severity and parent-adult child relationship. Decreased insight into hoarding symptoms was directly associated with decreased quality of parent-adult child relationships, which was mediated by family functioning. Increased family accommodation was significantly associated with increased impairment (work, social, family domains) in adult children of hoarders. Clinical implications and future directions in research are discussed.
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Ma, Sin-fun Connie, and 馬先芬. "The step-parent's role, step-parent-child relationship and child discipline in remarried families." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31249528.
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Ferguson, Lauren Elizabeth. "Examining Generational and Gender Differences in Parent-Young Adult Child Relationships During Co-residence." PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3029.
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Young adults of the twenty-first century face a long path to adulthood marked by uncertainty and lack of stability. In response, young adults are heading back to or failing to leave their family homes in higher numbers than generations before (Jacobsen and Mather 2011; Qian 2012). These macro-level trends bring about questions about their impact on family relationships as well as how these relationships have evolved over time. My thesis investigates parent-child relationships during co-residence with a specific focus on generation and gender differences. Through secondary data analysis of the National Survey of Families and Households, I explore how parent-child relationships during co-residence differ between parents of Generation Xer young adults (born between 1965-1980) and Millennial young adults (born between 1981-1996). Additionally, I examine gender differences between these two generational cohorts. My findings offer support that intergenerational relationships are not necessary closer, but look different for parents of Millennials as compared to Generation Xers. I also find that there are significant gender differences between mothers and fathers of Generation Xers versus those of Millennials. I find that mothers of Generation Xers report more time shared with co-residing young adults and increased frequency of perceived emotional support from their child than fathers; yet, fathers of Millennials report more perceived support than mothers. I suggest these findings offer support for the notion that gendered roles play out into young adulthood and potentially have more flexibility for fathers across time. As the economic and social landscape continues to change and present more uncertainty, family relationships become a form of social security; thus it becomes increasingly important to understand these dynamics. My findings are significant as they contribute to a better understanding of parent-child relationships over time and offer discussion on the potential implications.
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SCHUR, PETER BARTON. "A COMPARISON OF INTRAFAMILIAL AND EXTRAFAMILIAL SEX OFFENDERS." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183984.
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Intrafamilial and extrafamilial sex offenders receive differential treatment from criminal justice, mental health, and social service agencies. This differential treatment is based on assumptions that intrafamilial offenders are better candidates for successful treatment and that they are less dangerous than extrafamilial offenders. These assumptions are based upon clinical experience and anecdotal reports, but they lack empirical research evidence. The present study attempts to address the need for objective information regarding sex offenders and their offenses. Specifically, it compares a group of intrafamilial offenders with a group of extrafamilial offenders in terms of variables related to treatment prognosis, dangerousness, and psychological characteristics. The results suggest that there is a sound basis for the decisions being made by criminal justice, mental health, and social service agencies. Intrafamilial sex offenders are predominantly regressed offenders who do not have fixed sexual preferences for children and who are thought to be treatable in community-based treatment programs. In contrast, extrafamilial offenders are predominantly fixated offenders who do have fixed sexual preferences for children and who are thought to be particularly difficult, if not impossible, to treat. In addition, intrafamilial offenders appear less dangerous than extrafamilial offenders in that they used less forceful and violent means of coercion in order to gain compliance of their victims. No significant differences were found between groups regarding their psychological characteristics as measured by the MMPI. While the literature has characterized regressed offenders as men who sexually abuse children in the context of situational stress and family dysfunction, no evidence of this was found in the present study. This finding raises a question regarding the definition, understanding, and validity of the concept of the regressed offender. This may be of some importance to evaluators and treatment teams who believe that the treament of choice for the regressed offender involves family therapy and the alleviation of stress-related factors, while they tend to neglect or minimize the possible contribution of the individual psychopathology of the offender.
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Jefferson, Mary. "Linkages between family cohesion and sibling relationships in families raising a child with a disability /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1288.pdf.
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Jefferson, Mary L. "Linkages between Family Cohesion and Sibling Relationships in Families Raising a Child with a Disability." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/419.
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Family researchers have often reported that siblings of children with disabilities have mixed outcomes, some harmful, and some beneficial, but have neglected to investigate how the sibling relationship might be correlated with other factors, such as family cohesion. Therefore, 72 mothers and fathers raising a child with a disability and a child without a disability completed the Family Cohesion subscale of Bloom's family functioning measure and the Sibling Inventory of Behavior to determine interactions between parents' perceptions of family cohesion and sibling relationships. Results indicated that mothers and fathers' perceptions of cohesion and sibling relationships were not significantly different. Mothers' perceptions of cohesion were significantly correlated with only two aspects of sibling relationships: empathy and avoidance. Fathers' perceptions of family cohesion were independent of their perceptions of sibling relationships.
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Yan, Jia. "Trajectories of Mother-Child and Father-Child Relationship across Middle Childhood and Associations with Child Adjustment." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148771337102521.
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Burch, Alexandra Louise. "Character of self and object representations in relation to quality of marital and family relationships /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Webber, Heidi. "The impact on the family dynamic of having a child and sibling with Down syndrome." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1441.
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The raison d'être of my research is simple: it’s about tossing one more starfish back into the surf. Down syndrome is not a disease, nor is it contagious or a death sentence (it only feels that way when you find out for the first time). At the moment of conception, the apprearance of extra genetic material results in a total of 47 chromosomes in every cell. Usually each cell has only 46, thus making an individual with Down syndrome far more like others than different from them. Yet, this extra chromosome presents special circumstances regarding their ability to acquire new skills, be it academic or practical, encompassing a specific learning profile with typical characterisitcs, strengths and weaknesses. Twenty-first century family life is simultaneously challenging and richly rewarding and the expectancy of most families are of a life lived on paved highways with well-marked signs, and rest stops never far apart. Adding an extra chromosome to the luggage sends the family travelling down a vastly different highway instead, not always knowing what is ahead. It’s scary, but in reality even those on the wide smooth roads do not know the future. Echoing the feelings of many parents, Leonard (1992: 5) states, “The trouble is that we have few, if any maps to guide us on the journey or show us how to find the path…” Assumptions from previous decades that used to increase stress associated with rearing a child with Down syndrome would negatively impact on individual family members and the family unit as such. This has made way for the growing consensus that it is not necessarily the norm. Whilst some families have trouble in adapting to the increased stress, other families adjust easier and even thrive. Successful adaptation seems more likely in resilient families who enjoy high levels of parental well-being and strong relationship bonds. Findings of this qualitative research study confirm that unresolved marital strains are more likely to result in divorce as opposed to the birth of their child with Down syndrome. Correspondingly, siblings of children with Down syndrome reported mostly positive impact than negated opportunities to participate in a normal childhood. My motivation for this research was to explore the nature of challenges faced by modern families and to provide mechanisms to facilitate positive adaptation for the family and aid vii inclusion of the child with Down syndrome into school and greater society. Recommendations are also presented for the medical professionals who, ironically, have proved to be the last people parents want to go for support, owing mostly to their decidedly objectionable treatment of parents; as well as the generally uninformed public, who seldom understand or support attempts of parents to include and expose their child to everyday experiences. In conclusion, I summarize: Should it be that I may influence but one person to see persons with Down syndrome for the potential that they hold instead of the associated problems of their condition, this would afford me the satisfaction and contentment knowing that I have succeeded in making a positive contribution to their plight. I would have successfully portrayed the families for the ordinary people they are with anticipations, aspirations and anxieties, but later tasting the elation of being empowered, and the resultant enjoyment and pride of the achievements of their extraordinary “starfish” child. The simple story below explains it all. A little boy was walking on the beach when he noticed scores of starfish washed onto the beach by the previous night’s high tide. He curiously watched as an old man bent down, came up slowly and tossed one starfish after the other into the surf. He went closer to investigate. “Excuse me, sir, what are you doing?” he enquired. The old man said: “I am throwing the starfish back into the ocean before they die, my boy…come, lend a hand”. The boy looked up and down the beach at the hundreds of starfish scattered along the shoreline. “But there’s too many…” said the boy, “it’ll make no difference!” The old man smiled, bent down, picked up another starfish, and carefully tossing it into the clear blue water, he replied, “…It makes a difference to this one…”
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Jones, Mary Neal Davies. "Building bridges first steps toward family involvement by child centered novice early childhood teachers /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 430 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1456290221&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Spatafore, Jennifer Felicia. "Relationships between adults and children in public places." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1987. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/194.
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Lai, Shun-keung, and 黎信強. "Deaf parents having hearing children: issues of communication and child-rearing." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31250221.
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Kearney, Penelope M., of Western Sydney Nepean University, and Faculty of Nursing and Health Studies. "Between joy and sorrow : being the parent of a child with a developmental disability." THESIS_FNHS_XXX_Kearney_P.xml, 1996. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/793.
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This thesis explores the experiences of parents who have children with significant developmental disabilities. A dissatisfaction with the interpretive power of dominant paradigms regarding parents' responses to their children with disabilities resulted in a study in which an interpretive methodology, informed by phenomenology, was used. The voices of six parents paint a picture which is at odds with prevalent assumptions of parental crisis and maladjustment. Whilst being conscious of their anguish and sorrow, these parents speak of hope, love, strength and joy. An interpretation of the parents' experience is presented in light of the themes of 'between joy and sorrow', 'hope and no hope' and 'defiance and despair'. This phenomenological interpretation provides insight and understanding and has implications for nursing practice, education and researchMaster of Nursing (Hons)
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Roman, Nicolette Vanessa. "Single and married mother pre-adolescent relationships: understanding and comparing the interaction between self-esteem and family functioning." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2008. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_3267_1241757360.
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The main purpose of this study was to assess the psychological well-being of mothers and their pre-adolescent children (aged 10-12). Specifically, the study used a mixed methods sequential explanatory design to compare and understand the interaction between 245 single and married mother-pre adolescent relationships with regard to self esteem, autonomously-supportive and psychologically controlling parenting practices. And their familial enviironment within low and high socio-economic settings. A qualitative component was used to explore mothers' understanding of their relationships with their pre adolescent children. The Coppersmith- Self-steem Inventory and the Satisfaction with Life Scale were used to assess the psychological well-being of mothers and children, the Perceptions of Parents Scale for autonomously-supportive maternal parenting practices, Parent Psychological Control for psychologically controlling parenting practices and the environment Scale for family functioning. The findings provide an understanding of how healthy families function within enhancing and hindering environments and empasises the importance of parenting.
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Aitken, Jessica J. "Inter-parental conflict, parent-child relationships and children's psychological adjustment : implications for the family-school interface." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2008. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55741/.
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The collective body of research in this thesis applies a process-oriented perspective to the investigation of family effects on children's psychological, social and school-based adjustment. Specifically, it investigates the role of children's cognitions relating to inter-parental and parent-child relationships and their symptoms of psychological distress (internalising symptoms, externalising problems) as mechanisms underlying links between inter-parental conflict, negative parenting and children's academic attainment. Using two distinct samples of families from the UK a systematic programme of analyses was conducted. First, the role of children's perceptions of harsh, rejecting parenting was assessed as a mechanism through which inter-parental conflict and parental hostility were related to children's behaviour problems, academic application and attainment in school. In order to integrate family and school influences, the moderating role of school support in the links between family influences and school outcomes was also examined in this study. Second, analyses were extended to consider the role of children's perceptions of the inter-parental and the parent-child relationship in linking hostility between parents (inter-parental conflict) to academic attainment. To clarify the nature of the relationships between indices of psychological adjustment (internalising symptoms, externalising problems) and academic attainment, these analyses also considered specific dimensions of psychological adaptation as mediators of links between child appraisals and academic adjustment. Finally, the importance of these appraisal processes in linking inter-parental conflict to children's adjustment during a time of recognised stress, the transition from primary to secondary school, was investigated. Taken together, these analyses highlight the role of children's appraisals in linking inter-parental conflict and parent-child relations to children's adjustment in the school setting. Collectively, this body of research provides a basis for making specific links between children's experiences of family life and their adjustment in the school context, presenting a systematic approach to investigating the family-school interface with implications discussed for parents, educators, practitioners and policy makers.
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Sipambo, Sindiswa. "The impact of the mentally retarded child on the family living in the rural areas of the Transkei." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006502.
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This research was designed to do four things: first to discover what problems face caregivers who bring up handicapped children in their own homes; second, what community resources are available or which should be available to assist the mentally retarded and his family to cope with the problem; third, social policy measures available through the Transkei government, e.g. single care grant and disability grant and under what conditions are they available and whether other resources/services are available, and fourth, to find out from caregivers themselves how well the social services, although limited which are intended to help them and their children work in practice, more specifically in rural areas especially when community and public sector measures are highly circumscribed. The lack of resources for mentally retarded children and their families in Transkei and particularly the Sterkspruit district raised some questions in the researcher's mind on how to rear a mentally retarded child in this area. Data was gathered from a sample of all mentally retarded children who are single care grant recipients. The subjects were the mothers of these children or the present custodian about the time of the study. Information was also gathered from the social workers in the district mainly from their case files in the office. The sample was sufficient for the study to be meaningful and well represented and to eliminate guesses and assumptions about the lives of mentally handicapped children and their families. Findings reveal that caring for a mentally retarded child is a demanding task with varying levels of stress. Families of the retarded, in general, tend to have more problems in individual and marital adjustment, child-rearing practices, and sibling relationship. They are significantly affected - socially, economically and emotionally - by mental retardation. Support systems both formal and informal, were a great single source of help for these families for them to cope with these children. Recommendations for better quality of life for both the handicapped child and his family are given in the last chapter, and they are most suitable for undertaking by the Welfare and Education Departments. It is not the purpose of this study to give advice to parents on how to bring up their handicapped children. Often using the mothers' own words, the researcher only presents the picture given by the parents themselves of how they actually learn to live with a handicapped child
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Steidel, Yaeko. "Rapists and Their Parental Relationships." PDXScholar, 1993. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1242.
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This dissertation attempts to find out what associations exist between dysfunctional parental relationships in the childhood of rapists and the rapists' violent acts. It also briefly examines the sociocultural effects which nurture such relationships.
Rape, a crime very prevalent in our society today, is now perceived as an acute expression of men's contempt for and anger against women. The former interpretation of rape as primarily a sexually motivated crime is no longer popular. This dissertation attempts to trace the origin of the rapist's psyche from his dysfunctional parental relationships.
Rare data on rapist's family relations from a recent FBI survey on 41 serial rapists provided the empirical base for this dissertation. In order to enlarge the sample size for this dissertation, relevant information was extracted from an additional 31 rapists' case histories through content analysis and added to the FBI study. These 31 case histories were drawn from three different sources.
Information about the rapists' dominant parental figures and the rapists' positive and negative parental relationships were extracted and tabulated in three separate tables. Relevant information drawn from one additional source was also incorporated into the tables. These three tables were used to clarify the nature of the rapists' parental relationships.
In addition, 18 case histories selected from the 31 case histories mentioned above were analyzed in order to show, in more detail, the nature of the rapist's negative parental relationship and its role in the creation of the rapist psyche.
The combined result of the FBI study and the 31 case histories, the analysis of the 18 case histories, and information from other sources suggest a strong correlation between the rapists' negative parental relationships and their crime of rape. The data on the rapists were compared to survey responses by 41 imprisoned felons, not convicted of a sexual offense, and by 150 male university students. The comparison revealed important differences in the family relations of the rapists and the other two groups.
Our society's self-abusive, aspiritual cultural tendency was briefly examined as the basic influential force in creating negative parental relationships.
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Gutierrez, Salome. "A Comparison of Two Parent Education Programs on the Reduction of Parent-Child Stress in Mother-Child Relationships of Hispanic Migrant Farmworkers." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195946.
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The present study examined the efficacy of two parent training programs in reducing perceived parental stress in a sample of Spanish speaking migrant farmworkers of Hispanic origin. Sixty-eight Spanish-speaking mothers, referred for parenting classes because one of their children was experiencing behavioral or emotional difficulties, were randomly assigned to one of four treatment conditions: (1) 1-2-3 Magic, a behaviorally-based program; (2) Systematic Training for Effective Parenting (STEP), an Adlerian-based program; (3) attention-placebo condition; and, (4) wait-list control group. All treatment conditions were presented in Spanish, and offered at convenient times and locations for participants. Parental stress was measured with the Spanish version of the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF), using the Total Stress Score, and the three subscale scores: Parental Distress Score, Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction Score, and Difficult Child Score. Assessments were completed at pretest, posttest, and at a three-month follow-up. A repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance on the dependent measures revealed significant differences for groups across the three assessment periods. Subsequent analyses indicated that the behaviorally-based program produced significantly greater reductions on the Total Stress Score and Parental Distress Score at posttest and follow-up than the Adlerian program, the attention-placebo group, and the wait-list group. The behaviorally-based program was also more effective in reducing parent-child dysfunctional interaction than the attention-placebo group at posttest and follow-up, and the wait-list control group at follow-up, but not in comparison to the Adlerian program. These results lend support for behaviorally-based parent training in reducing perceived parental stress in this migrant farmworker population. To ensure treatment integrity, a parent trainer validity check was used in which expert parent educators rated randomly selected videotaped segments of each parent training session on five criteria. Statistical analysis of treatment validity revealed no significant differences in mean scores of expert raters across parenting groups, suggesting that the parent trainer behaved consistently on the criteria across all treatment conditions. The results are also discussed in relation to the literature on parent training. In addition, the limitations of the present study, as well as future directions for research are discussed.
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Woods, Andrea Lynn. "The impact of parent-adolescent individuation on sibling relationships in late adolescent females." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2515.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of parent-adolescent individuation on quality of siblings relationship among late adolescent females. Findings to date indicate that while changes are occurring in the parent-child subsystem. In accordance with the family systems theory, during the process of individuation the sibling relationship experiences some conflict or rivalry.
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Whyte, Dorothy A. "The experience of families caring for a child with cystic fibrosis : a nursing response." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8370.
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This thesis is concerned with families and chronic illness in childhood. The specific focus of the study is the nursing contribution to support of the family. A longitudinal study of the experience of four families caring for a child with cystic fibrosis was carried out using the ethnographic approach. Analysis of the four case studies provides insight to the effect of cystic fibrosis on each family member and on family interaction. The psychosocial transition by which the families moved from seeing themselves as healthy families to accepting the reality of a long-term health problem is described. The complexity of the effect of the genetic aspects and the grim prognosis is explored. The importance of finding meaning in suffering, the experiences of crisis and the chronic burden of care during the long-term adaptive stage of the illness are described. The support networks used by the families, and the nurse's contribution to that support are analysed. The research arose from practice and raises issues for nursing - issues relating to the level of interpersonal skill and the emotional investment required. The theoretical underpinning of nursing interaction is elaborated and the utility of systems theory in the understanding of the nursing situation is discussed. The importance of synchrony in the parents' adaptation to the child's illness is an emergent theme. The implications of the findings for nursing practice, management and research are discussed. The case for the development of a concept of family nursing to meet contemporary health care needs is argued.
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Elliott, Lisa M. "Children's Perceptions of Family Environment in Step and Intact Families." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279272/.
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This purpose of this research study was to identify key differences that distinguish stepfamilies from intact families with regard to individual members' perceptions of family environment and family functioning. Additionally, an initial look at how membership in a stepfamily impacts the young children's perceptions of interpersonal family functioning is offered.
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Hoffman, Elaine. "Raising a child with autism : exploring family support structures." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71773.
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Thesis(MEdPsych)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Autism or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a condition that, at present, affects approximately one out of every 100 children globally and indications are that the prevalence thereof is steadily on the rise. ASD is a complex neurological condition that impairs social interaction, communication and behaviour. Research on the wide-ranging effects of ASD and its unique characteristics in each child with ASD is widely available. Several studies refer to the fact that ASD has an impact on the family unit, but very few researchers have investigated the support that families from different cultural groups in South Africa are enjoying whilst raising a child with autism. The current situation being what it is means that professionals and families have very little data on the subject and inadequate support is available to address the specific needs of families who are raising a child with autism. The aim of this study was to investigate the support structures of three families from three different cultural groups in South Africa who were raising a child with autism. The central issue that was researched was the support structures available to parents raising a child with autism, and how parents access that support. This is a qualitative study within an interpretive research paradigm. In this case study, the methods of data collection comprised semi-structured interviews, observations and reflective journals. This design embraced qualitative research methods that could expose the uniqueness of each family’s experience and allowed participants the freedom to express this. The three families, who were purposefully selected for this study, were from different cultural backgrounds. One of the children in each family met the criteria published in the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition, text revision (American Psychiatric Association, 2000) for Autism or Pervasive Developmental Disorder not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS). The study found that the parents in the three families received support from their spouses and the neuro-typical siblings. The families also enjoyed physical support, financial support and emotional support from different sources. Parents reported feeling supported when others show acceptance and understanding of their children’s deficits and when such others are prepared to ‘go the extra mile’. The three families also perceived information and guidance as a valuable source of support. Even though they had firm support structures in place, they also reported on the lack of support available to them. All three families enjoyed these forms of support, but it was interesting to find out that the families received the support from different sources.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Outisme of outisme spektrum versteuring (OSV) is 'n toestand wat tans ongeveer een uit elke 100 kinders wêreldwyd affekteer en daar is aanduidings dat die voorkoms daarvan steeds toeneem. OSV is 'n komplekse neurologiese toestand wat swak sosiale interaksie, kommunikasie en gedrag tot gevolg het. Navorsingsresultate oor die breë gevolge van OSV en die unieke eienskappe daarvan in elke kind met OSV is algemeen beskikbaar. Verskeie studies verwys na die feit dat OSV 'n impak het op die gesinseenheid, maar tot dusver het baie min navorsers die ondersteuning ondersoek wat gesinne uit verskillende kulturele groepe in Suid-Afrika tydens die opvoeding van 'n kind met outisme geniet . Die huidige situasie voorsien professionele mense en gesinne van baie min data oor die onderwerp en onvoldoende ondersteuning is beskikbaar om die spesifieke behoeftes van gesinne met 'n kind met outisme aan te spreek. Die doel van hierdie studie was om ondersoek in te stel na die ondersteuning wat gesinne in verskillende kultuurgroepe in Suid-Afrika tydens die opvoeding van ‘n kind met outisme geniet. Die sentrale ondersoekvraag het betrekking gehad op ondersteuningstrukture vir gesinne met ‘n kind met outisme binne hul kultuurgroep, sowel as die wyse waarop die gesinne toegang tot die ondersteuning verkry. Die studie was kwalitatief van aard binne 'n interpretatiewe navorsingsparadigma en ’n gevallestudie is as navorsingsontwerp gekies. Data is deur middel van semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude, waarnemings en reflektiewe joernale ingesamel. Die kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodes omvat die uniekheid van elke gesin se ervaring en laat deelnemers die vryheid om uitdrukking daaraan te gee. Drie gesinne is doelbewus vir hierdie studie gekies. Die gesinne moes oor die volgende kenmerke beskik: Hulle moes uit verskillende kulturele agtergronde (Afrikaan, Wit en Indiër) kom. Hul kind moes voldoen aan die kriteria in die Diagnostiese en Statistiese Handleiding van geestesversteurings, vierde uitgawe, teks hersiening (2000) vir Outisme of pervasieve ontwikkelingsstoornis nie anders gespesifiseer nie (PDD-NOS). Verskeie etiese beginsels is vir hierdie studie nagekom om te verseker dat die navorsing eties was. Die studie het bevind dat die ouers in die drie gesinne ondersteuning van hul gades en die neurotipiese broers en susters van die kind met outisme ontvang het. Die gesinne het ook fisiese ondersteuning, finansiële steun en emosionele ondersteuning vanuit verskillende bronne geniet. Die gesinne het aangedui dat hul ondersteun voel wanneer hul kinders se afwykings aanvaar word, begrip daarvoor getoon word en andere bereid was om die ‘ekstra myl te loop’. Die drie gesinne het ook inligting en leiding as waardevolle bronne van ondersteuning ervaar. Selfs al het die families sterk ondersteuningstrukture in plek gehad, het hulle ook die gebrek aan ondersteuning uitgelig. Al drie gesinne geniet die bogenoemde vorme van ondersteuning, maar dit was interessant om uit te vind dat die families hierdie ondersteuning vanuit verskillende bronne ontvang het.
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Kelly, Michaelena C. "Factors associated with coparental relationships : fathers' perspectives /." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03032009-040628/.
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Butcher, Karen H. (Karen Hunt). "Influence of Current Parent-Child Relationships on Dating Motivations in Young Adulthood." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278048/.
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The purpose of this study was to explore how supportive functions of parent-child relationships influence young adult dating motivations and involvement. Theoretical literature suggests that emotionally supportive homes provide a secure base for children to depend on as they explore themselves and other relationships. However, problematic family ties could be expected to inhibit relationship involvement due to negative past experiences or to encourage involvement as a search for intimacy. A sample of 206 single, female undergraduates completed questionnaires assessing relationships with parents and aspects of romantic involvement and development. The set of Parent-Child Relationship variables included Support, Conflict, Depth, and Affective Quality in relationships with mother and father. The Attachment Related Dating Motivation variables included measures of Anxiety, Dependency, and Closeness in relationships, Attachment Motivation, Sexual Expression, Dating Exploration, Behavioral Indicators of Romantic Involvement, Sexual Involvement, and Level, Satisfaction, and Importance of Romantic Involvement.
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Walters, Jennifer Daphne. "Fathers' involvement in families with a child attending family and child psychiatry clinics : the relevance of childhood experience, mental health, and current relationships." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313479.
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Fathers' involvement in families with a child attending Family and Child Psychiatry clinics: the relevance of childhood experience, mental health, and current relationships. There is now an ample literature on fathering and fathers participation in family life. Recent work has emphasised the importance of intergenerational attachment patterns, mental health, and parenting style and their effects on psychopathology in children. This research examines the parenting of fathers where children are attending a Family and Child Psychiatry Clinic. Fathers whose children attend such services are compared with fathers of non-referred children on a number of dimensions to advance our knowledge of the relationship between paternal characteristics and children's psychopathology. Factors relevant to fathers' level of attendance are also examined. Two groups of fathers, a clinic group recruited from two Family and Child Psychiatry services in London's East End and a non-clinic group recruited from the community, each comprising forty fathers of children aged 3-9 years, were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule regarding their children, aspects of current parenting and the parenting they received from their own parents. Both fathers, and each child's mother, were asked to complete standardised questionnaires on the child's behaviour, parenting stress, mental health and depression, attachment style, marital satisfaction, and perceptions of parenting by their own parents. Statistical analyses of the data revealed that the behaviour and psychopathology of the children of the fathers in the clinic group was more severe and that those fathers were more likely to report depressive symptoms, parenting stress, and insecure attachment styles than were the fathers in the non-clinic group. A profile of poor childhood care from their own fathers was linked with higher levels of depressive symptoms and insecure attachment in both groups of fathers. In the clinic group a key factor regarding high levels of attendance for their child's appointment was the father's reported quality of relationship with his own father. The results are discussed with regard to implications for clinical work with fathers whose children are attending Family and Child Psychiatry clinics. It is suggested that clinicians become cognisant of the relevance of fathers' attachment styles and history of relationships with their own parents, especially their fathers, in order to facilitate the father's engagement in family sessions.
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Ahlert, Ingrid Anita. "A programme to enhance resilience in families in which a child has a hearing loss." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1378.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (DPhil (Psychology))—University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to identify and enhance specific resilience qualities that help protect and support families in overcoming the adversity of having a child with a hearing impairment. The study was divided into two phases, namely (a) the descriptive phase, which aimed to identify and explore the resilience qualities that foster better adaptation in these families and (b) the intervention phase, which aimed to develop, implement and evaluate an intervention programme that enhances the utilisation of social support, one important resilience quality identified in the descriptive phase of the study. The study was essentially exploratory and descriptive in nature and was directed at developing scientific knowledge and theory in the field of family resilience. Using the Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation (McCubbin & McCubbin, 1996) as the theoretical framework, the resilience process was mapped in terms of stressors, risk and protective factors, and family adaptation. The 54 participating families in the descriptive phase were identified according to the nature of the crisis (hearing impairment) and the developmental phase of the family. The participants were obtained by means of a non-probability, purposive sampling procedure and were drawn from the black, coloured and white cultural subgroups residing in the Western Cape, South Africa. Both quantitative and qualitative measures were used for data collection. The results were analysed predominantly according to correlation and regression analyses techniques, while the qualitative data was categorised according to themes and frequencies. Results showed that family time and routine, social support, affirming communication, family hardiness, problem-solving skills, religion, a search for meaning and accepting the disability were factors promoting resilience in these families. A randomised pretest-posttest control group design was applied in the intervention phase of the study. The 31 participants were identified in the initial phase of the study and belonged to the coloured cultural subgroup. Data was again collected using quantitative and qualitative measures and was analysed using repeated measures analysis of variance and grounded theory analysis. The results did not indicate a statistically significant change in the utilisation of social support following the implementation of the workshop. The qualitative data, however, highlighted that the participants reported greater support from the immediate and extended family, increased family time and routine, as well as improved communication and problem-solving skills following the workshop. The study generally offers valuable knowledge that can be incorporated in psychological and social training programmes, preventative community interventions and therapeutic settings. The positive and pragmatic approach adopted in the study ensures that families are empowered by bringing them hope, helping them develop new competencies and building mutual support. The study has opened various new avenues for future research in the field of family resilience and hearing impairment.
OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie was om spesifieke veerkragtigheidskwaliteite te identifiseer en versterk wat gesinne met ’n kind met ‘n gehoorgestremdheid teen teenspoed beskerm en ondersteun. Die studie is in twee verdeel, naamlik (a) die beskrywende fase, met die doel om die veerkragtigheidskwaliteite wat beter aanpassing in hierdie gesinne gekweek het, te identifiseer en ondersoek, en (b) die intervensiefase, met die doel om ’n intervensieprogram te ontwikkel, implementeer en evalueer wat die gebruik van sosiale ondersteuning, een van die belangrike veerkragtigheidskwaliteite wat in die beskrywende fase van die studie geïdentifiseer is, te verhoog. Die studie was in wese ondersoekend en beskrywend van aard en daarop gerig om wetenskaplike kennis en teorie in die veld van gesinsveerkragtigheid te ontwikkel. Met die gebruik van die Veerkragtigheidsmodel van Gesinspanning, Verstelling en Aanpassing (Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation) (McCubbin & McCubbin, 1996) as teoretiese raamwerk, is die veerkragtigheidsproses uitgestippel in terme van die oorsake van die spanning, risiko- en beskermende faktore, en gesinsaanpassing. Die 54 gesinne wat aan die beskrywende fase deelgeneem het, is op grond van die aard van die krisis (gehoorgestremdheid) asook die ontwikkelingsfase van die gesin geïdentifiseer. Die deelnemers is deur middel van ’n doelgerigte nie-waarskynlikheidsteekproefnemingsprosedure verwerf vanuit swart, kleurling en blanke gesinne wat in die Wes-Kaap, Suid- Afrika woon. Beide kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe metings is vir data-insameling gebruik. Die resultate is hoofsaaklik aan die hand van korrelasie- en regressieontledingstegnieke geanaliseer, terwyl die kwalitatiewe data volgens temas en frekwensies gekategoriseer is. Die resultate het getoon dat gesinstyd en -roetine, sosiale ondersteuning, bevestigende kommunikasie, gesinsgehardheid, probleemoplossings-vaardighede, geloof, ’n soeke na betekenis en die aanvaarding van die gestremdheid faktore was wat die veerkragtigheid van hierdie gesinne bevorder het. ’n Ewekansige voor- en natoets kontrolegroep-ontwerp is tydens die intervensiefase van die studie toegepas. Die 31 deelnemers is tydens die aanvanklike fase van die studie geïdentifiseer en behoort tot die kleurling kulturele groep. Data is weereens deur middel van kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe metings ingesamel en is aan die hand van herhaalde metingsvariansieontleding en gegronde teorie-analise geanaliseer. Die resultate het geen statisties beduidende verskil in die gebruik van sosiale ondersteuning ná die implementering van die werkswinkel getoon nie. Die kwalitatiewe data het egter beklemtoon dat deelnemers ná die werkswinkel meer ondersteuning van hulle onmiddellike en uitgebreide familie geniet het, sowel as meer gesinstyd en -roetine, verbeterde kommunikasie en probleemoplossingsvaardighede. Oor die algemeen bied die studie waardevolle kennis wat by sielkundige en sosiale opleidingsprogramme, voorkomende gemeenskapsingryping en in terapeutiese raamwerke ingelyf kan word. Die positiewe en pragmatiese benadering in die studie verseker dat gesinne bemagtig word deur hulle hoop te bied, nuwe bekwaamhede te help ontwikkel en wedersydse ondersteuning op te bou. Die studie het talle nuwe weë vir toekomstige navorsing op die gebied van gesinsveerkragtigheid en gehoorgestremdheid gebaan.
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Ziner, Andrew Scott. "On Parent-Child Relations: Toward the Construction of a Theory of Filial Exchange." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331914/.
Full textAbstract:
This investigation represents an initial attempt toward the construction of a general life cycle theory of parent-child relations. Emphasis was placed on the parent-adult child relationship with the onset of a filial crisis, e.g., due to illness. After the theory was described, two of the five propositions comprising this orientation (i.e., propositions four and five) were analyzed through a series of twenty-five hypotheses. The objectives of these hypotheses were (a) to analyze the relationship between the length of time involved in various patterns of filial responsibility and the likelihood that these patterns will become institutionalized as obligatory roles and (b) to determine how factors associated with these emergnt role obligations contribute to the cost of caregiving. A probability sample of 180 caregivers was obtained from within the Dallas/Ft. Worth area. Multiple and partial correlation analyses and the use of Student's t revealed that the length of time involved as a caregiver was significantly related to the number of informal caregiving roles performed by adult children. In addition, results indicated that the length of involvement in each caregiving role examined (i.e., household care, transportation service, personal care, medical attention, meal preparation, financial management and mobility assistance) was significantly related to (a) the frequency of providing these services to an aged parent and (b) the level of responsibility in each service area except financial management (which tended to remain constant over time)• An adult child s level of obligation to ensure that caregiving services were provided was also significantly associated with the length of caregiving involvement. Furthermore, this study found tentative support for the contention that the social-psychological cost of providing care for a dependent parent was associated with (a) the frequency of providing transportation services and medical attention, (b) the number of informal caregiving activities performed and (c) the length of caregiver involvement. A set of three control variables (i.e., the household living arrangements and both the aged parent s and adult child's physical health status) were identified as significant contributors to the cost of caregiving. Based on the empirical results of this investigation, propositions four and five of the theoretical perspective presented in this dissertation were supported.