Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Grands services publics de réseaux'
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Lecat, Donatien. "La continuité du service d'intérêt général : essai sur la pertinence d'un nouveau statut du personnel dans les grands services en réseaux." Nantes, 2015. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=17cc59e2-91cb-43c1-b567-b99701724f62.
Full textBerrivin, Renaud. "Les contrats centre-périphérie comme levier de modernisation du management public : analyse comparée des stratégies de changement et du pilotage de deux grands réseaux de services publics, Ministère de l'équipement, EDF GDF Services." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995IEPP0015.
Full textThis thesis in sociology deals with the implementation of managerial contracts between center and periphery of public organizations. These contracts should improve the quality of the internal relationship between center and periphery and stimulate on the one hand the engagement of actors and on the other the efficency of these organizations. This thesis is based on the empirical analysis of two comparable processes of managerial change which promote the contractual philosophy or model, and the evaluation of their impact : the policy of modernization of the ministry of equipement and the reform of EDF GDF services (distribution of electricity and gas). With the comparison of these two programs, two models of center-periphery regulation emerge. This thesis demonstrates that the impact of center-periphery contracts is contingent. There is no automatic positive consequence and contracts can be in certain cases counterproductive. Nevertheless, this study emphasizes that these kinds of contracts can be, under certain conditions, an efficient tool to reform French public management. But, this change depends on the capacity of the center, as a real leader, to drive strategically a program of change which is extremely complex. It also means an important investment in knowledge and. .
Ngaha, Angélique. "RSE et Service Public : oppositions, juxtapositions et articulations : le cas France Télécom." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00777415.
Full textSabart, Gilles. "Les services publics de réseau (public utilities) : essai de comparaison entre les Etats-Unis, la France et la Grande-Bretagne." Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX32014.
Full textPublic utilities do not have any precise legal definition but they ensure a fundamental need for the Society, i. E. A need which has to be provided by the State to citizens and to companies. Public utilities tend thus towards general wellbeing : they have like having to be effective ; this is why the State develops them all while controlling them for the public interest. Two models were essential following the second world war but the introduction of competition caused the emergence of the American model to the detriment of the European model. This is why our study is focused on the United States as a reference and on Great Britain as a laboratory for France, without forgetting the constraints which result from the Community legislation itself. Even if the approach is global, with an aim of understanding the coherence of each system and of judging their effectiveness, the angle of study intends to measure the incidence of the introduction of the concept of competition into Public utilities. This influence is examined in the economic organization of Public utilities (I), in the supply of the obligations of public service and their financing (II), and in the regulation characterized by a new institution. The confrontation of competition with the public interest thus fixes the statute of Independant Regulatory Commission (IRC) within the organization of the State (III)
Kurlat, Aimar José Sebastián. "Les autorités de régulation des services publics en réseaux : une étude comparée : Argentine, France." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D033.
Full textFrench and Argentine Law have established regulatory authorities in the field of public services network. The two countries have carried out a transition from a direct model of sectoral public services, to a system in which the public authority essentially acts as a third regulator. Given this fact, the selected issue provides the prism of a comparative approach to question the mechanisms present in one of the legal systems, which could provide a useful source of inspiration for the other and vice versa, in order to improve their respective sectoral regulatory authorities system. The study is based on a demonstration in two stages ; the analysis of the establishment of the regulatory authorities, and the analysis of the implementation of the regulation by the sectoral authorities. The first part starts by discussing the notions of public service and of regulation present in each legal system by examining whether they are sufficiently similar. The analysis continues by addressing the question of insertion of sectoral authorities within the institutional structure of each state, and subsequently focuses on the main influences that drove French an Argentine Law to undertake such institutionalization of the regulatory authorities. The second part firstly proceeds to the analysis of the legislative, administrative and contentious powers of French and Argentine sectoral regulators to then examine the question of the regulatory authorities’ responsibility through the examination of their liability for fault and without fault
Fodil, Idir Bahaa. "Architectures de Gestion par Politiques des Services dans les Réseaux d'Accès Internet." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066118.
Full textLaget-Annamayer, Aurore. "Recherche sur la régulation des services publics en réseaux : le cas des télécommunications et de l'électricité." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05D003.
Full textCherifi, Chantal. "Classification et Composition de Services Web : Une Perspective Réseaux Complexes." Phd thesis, Université Pascal Paoli, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00652852.
Full textMerlin, Céline. "L'innovation dans les services publics : le cas de la Poste." Lille 1, 2004. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/05e26649-9bfa-4d1b-87ec-5d1a542868c9.
Full textFerrando, Yàñez Jorge. "Les interactions réglementaires dans les industries énergétiques en réseaux." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010018.
Full textArekian, Valérie. "Recherches sur la notion de régulation en droit public français : le cas des services publics de réseaux." Lille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL20032.
Full textFlochel, Laurent. "Économie des réseaux : l'impact de différentes formes de libéralisation sur les comportements et structures de marché." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010089.
Full textThis thesis deals with network industries liberalization and is divided in three parts. The first chapter proposes a survey on the evolution of network industries organisation of and regulatory tools. The second chapter is a survey on final services tarification, access charges and discusses the optimal regulatory policy. The second part of the thesis deals with access conditions to an essential facility. Chapters 3 and 4 show that the historic operator is not always incited to forclose a potential competitor by using access tariffs conditions (access charges) to the essential facility. Chapter 5 compares two regulatory regimes when the incumbent has a non tariff barrier to entry, which is represented in our case by the quality of the essential facility. The third part deals with competition of interconnected and different qualities networks between operators possessing their own network. Consumers are supposed to valuate the network quality, the calls they send and the calls they receive. In this framework, operators are unilateraly incited to impose low access charges to their own network. This effect is amplified when price discrimination between on-net and off-net calls is autorised. Moreover, the imposition of a reciprocity principle reinforces this effect
Costin, Maria. "Qualité et modernisation du management hospitalier public, une comparaison Franco-Moldave des grands hôpitaux : Vers une réflexion stratégique de l'organisation hospitalière." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA131007.
Full textThanks to the new perspectives linked to the independence of 1991, the management of the health system is finally confronted to international norms. In spite of restricted means, the representatives for Moldovan health have to find modern methods of management, to ameliorate the quality of medical care. In France, the hospital reforms centered on the workmanship of the expenses of health and the modernization of the tools of management allowed to identify other problems such as: the quality and security of care, the rights of the patients and the content of the users. To better meet the needs of patients it is not enough to make important means available to the different medical services, but to bring about real efficiency for the patients. In this context, that amounts to bringing some change in the mode of administration of hospital business towards a culture of management where the research of performance becomes the rule. The improvement of the medical services passes through the modernization of the system of management. It is under conditions, that we are led to offer a managererial approach of 5 functions (organization of work, motivation, training, automatization and auto-evaluation) which structure the manager frame of hospitals, with regard to the complexity hospital activities. These 5 pillars will allow the managers to have a view of the tasks and priority missions to be fulfilled
Beyer, Antoine. "Géographie des réseaux de transport : morphologies et dynamiques territoriales des services de messagerie." Phd thesis, Université Paris XII Val de Marne, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00345034.
Full texttemporelles de plus en plus impérieuses conduisent alors selon l'expression de C. Raffestin à envisager le passage d'une territorialité régionalisée à une territorialité temporalisée dont les entreprises de messagerie offrent un beau modèle.
Dans un contexte de concurrence avivée, l'accroissement des performances logistiques exigé en termes de délais, de coûts et de qualité de service, pousse les prestataires de messagerie à une rapide restructuration spatiale et organisationnelle de leurs réseaux techniques. Prenant appui sur l'étude de cas concrets, la thèse examine les modalités du fonctionnement des réseaux de messagerie et les logiques de leurs dynamiques territoriales.
Elle s'attache à mettre en évidence les éléments géographiques structurant l'activité à différentes échelles spatiales et temporelles.
Piam, Bobda Sylvestre. "Les réseaux ferroviaires face à la construction européenne : contribution à l'étude de la réforme des services publics monopolisés en Europe." Lille 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIL20008.
Full textMfuamba, Lobo Muenga Jean-Claude. "Problématique de la "tranposabilité" de la théorie générale des services publics dans la région des Grands Lacs : le cas de la République Démocratique du Congo." Paris 13, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA131047.
Full textChoquet, Julien. "Métiers à vendre : Rationalisations du travail et désillusions professionnelles dans les grands réseaux d’enseignes du commerce et des services d’un centre commercial." Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100100.
Full textThe history of the French shopping centers reveals the hegemonic character of the rationality which presses on their spatial, trade and economic organization. Their economic model is one of mass consumption. The shops and services which they shelter cannot escape it so that a sociology of work which takes them for object cannot ignore the industrial character of their work organization. The biographical interviews and observations conducted in the different shops of a large French shopping center remind it. These establishments share the same organizational basis articulating deskilling of work and rationalization of the working time. These precepts continually reconfigure the activity of employees who are witnessing the transformation of their job, the decrease of their autonomy or the impoverishment and the intensification of their work. It is in the light of these evolutions that one can understand the toughness of a work they can no longer dominate. The means provided to them are no longer adequate to contain the flows of customers and goods or to maintain the cordiality of their exchanges with the customers. The urgency is spreading and overflow situations are increasing, which generates exhaustion and stress. These disadvantages are manifested mainly in the private sphere and in a way which varies according to the social situation of the employees. However, beyond these disparities, they all show a concern about the future of their work, the meaning and the position that it gives them around the feeling, widely shared, that it has become dehumanized
Bouteiller, Catherine. "Différenciation tarifaire dans les réseaux de transports urbains et interurbains de voyageurs : quels apports pour les services publics de transport et l’aménagement ?" Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20024.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to define and identify the effects of price discrimination policies on the use and organization of urban public transports. Price discrimination is the possibility to price a service with different level of tariff. At first, we will define the issues around public transport fares, whose complexity is now mitigated by existing smart cards and other payment tools. Then, the spatial dimension of the fare will be given special attention through the study of the relationships between fee structure and spatial morphology of 10 cities around the world. The relationships between urban morphology and pricing will be confirmed. Knowing that usage of public transport are diverse, it is essential to have a good knowledge of users habits. Smard Card data reconstruction provides geographical and statistical information that can be re used for urban planning and for pricing policy. How ?Grand Paris orbital line 15, will be launched in 2020. It is an example of introducing a new metro line inducing significant time savings for commuters. Passengers will be given a real alternative between their usual route and the new one. The new route can offer several advantages: gain of time spent during the trip, gain in terms of number of transfers, comfort gain, security gain, price advantages. This could be an opportunity for an agency to review its fare policy. Our model is based on existing travel flows derived from the itinerary reconstruction from Navigo Smart Card pass. It establishes the principles of a fare grid based on travelers’ preferences and current travel patterns. For this research, we used data from public transport pass users in the Paris’ Metropolitan area, for one month. Finally, we show that price discrimination is related to "mobility" and not to “public transport”. If we consider the mobility needs of the user, pricing is no longer that of “transportation” but a package of services enabling access to different forms of mobility. Therefore it is transport governance that can be a problem. How to federate all mobility stakeholders in France? This dimension is essential for public transport authorities. It is a key success factor for achieving ambitious and sustainable urban planning policies
Tourki, Monhom. "Les contrats internationaux de concession de service public et de partenariat public privé dans les pays en voie de développement : dans les secteurs des industries de réseaux (électricité,télécommunications, eau, assainissement) et des grands équipements d'infrastructure (les grands ouvrages publlics utiles au transport et à la production/ routes, ports, aéroports, etc...)." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE0052.
Full textThe infrastructure and public services are in crisis in many developing countries (LDCs), and for various reasons (lack of funds, public mismanagement). This situation represents a major stumbling block preventing the economic and social development today and sustainable development in these countries. It must be remedied as quickly and efficiently as possible, but the technical and financial resources required far exceeds local capabilities. Developing countries must therefore resort to the (foreign) private sector participation for the implementation of infrastructure and the management of public services. This remedy can be done within the framework of a Public Private Partnership (PPP) which represents the middle ground between the " all public " and " private everything " and which offers state a lot of technical, financial, economic, social and even political advantages. Because of all these inputs, the use of different forms of PPP (leasing, concession, BOT. . . ) is actively promoted by the international financial institutions, the WTO and development agencies who see it as an instrument for sustainable development and poverty alleviation. The use of PPP was nevertheless criticized by its detractors (some associations, NGOs,. . . ) who expose some irregularities (remedies imposed, imbalance of power in favor of the multinationals,. . . ) which caused the failure of some projects. But this should not prevent developing countries reaping the greatest contributions of the private sector and to try to exploit the infrastructure done in an efficient manner allowing widespread access to quality services. The PPP can be a tool for sustainable development as long as all the success factors come together (a good legal and financial montage of contracts, involvement of civil society and users). The PPP is also a means of international solidarity and a complement to other efforts to be strengthened such as official development assistance (ODA), debt concellation, decentralized cooperation,. .
Chalon, Gérald. "Aménagement du territoire et télécommunications : quel rôle pour les collectivités locales ? : contribution à une réflexion sur la notion de régulation des services publics en réseaux." Reims, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REIMD007.
Full textTelecoms and land planning : What part for the local authorities ? Contribution to a reflection on the notion of regulation of networked public services. The subject of our thesis is to identify and characterize the part and the scope of local authorities in the telecoms area regarding the land planing stakes. Our study points out that our intervention is closely linked to the telecoms public service as adopted by the July 26th 1996 law and the Community directives concerning the universal service. Far from meaning the giving up of the public service policy, the intervention of the local authorities in this area should be interpreted as a sign of the necessary evolution of this field and its decentralization as far as its implementation is concerned
Larrieu, Nicolas. "Contrôle de congestion et gestion du trafic à partir de mesures pour l'optimisation de la qualité de service dans l'Internet." Toulouse, INSA, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ISAT0007.
Full textInternet monitoring has only been used for research, engineering and design of Internet networks since few years (since the beginning of years 2000), but it is more and more popular and spreads rapidly. It deals with studying, characterizing, analyzing and modeling traffic on the different Internet links in order to understand network behaviors when facing traffics which are largely unknown at this time. In particular, guarantying QoS for the Internet is currently one of the most challenging issues. This thesis aims at designing new communication protocols and architectures able to reduce the traffic LRD in order to optimize the use of communication resources. Then, new protocol and architectural mechanisms could be perfectly suited to users’ needs and traffic constraints. Thus, this PhD work deals with a new approach for the Internet, aiming at improving traffic management, QoS and more generally network services. This approach, called Measurement Based Networking (MBN), is built on the use of active and passive monitoring techniques to evaluate in real time different network parameters and analyze its traffic in order to react very quickly and accurately to specific events arising in the network (for instance, congestion events). We will illustrate, in particular, the MBN approach by designing a new measurement based congestion control mechanism (MBCC) which will be evaluated thanks to NS-2 simulations. We will show, in particular, how this new mechanism can improve traffic characteristics as well as Internet QoS, despite the complexity and variability of current Internet traffics
Cauchon, Christophe. "La hiérarchie face aux réformes de la grande entreprise de service public en réseau et de son marché interne du travail : les cadres de la SNCF." Aix-Marseille 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX24005.
Full textMolnar, Jean-Marc. "Infrastructures de réseaux haut débit et mobile de nouvelle génération, développement économique local, inégalités territoriales." Paris, CNAM, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CNAM0462.
Full textThe development of broadband and mobile telephone is studied for the last two decades of the XXth century in the French metropolitan area. Three infrastructures levels are used as observatory levels to discern structuring effects of telecommunication networks on territorial activities : physical level, consumption level and legal administrative level. The analysis shows that, if a division between well and poor-industrialized French regions has traditionally been perceived in the three decades following World War II, such a regional partition can also be distinguished for high performance and mobile networks after 1980. A spatial analysis and a set of economic and sectoral indicators reveal several oppositions, particularly a north-south territorial division
Ziani, Salim. "Service public et obligations de service public." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAA011.
Full textThe « service public » is a key concept of French administrative law. It is based on the assumption that public entities are the initial guarantors of the public interest and solidarity. Today however, the « service public » was replaced by a specific notion that emerged from the law of the European Union and instead of being based on the ability of the State, it is based on the ability of the market. This concept is the «obligation de service public» (public service obligation) and it tends to regulate the role and intervention of the State in order to preserve the competition in the market. Through this change appears a new conception of the role of the State
Delpuech, Corinne. "Pourquoi et comment les grands groupes dépositaires d'une mission de service public s'approprient-ils les concepts de RSE et développement durable ? : application de la Poste et de GDF SUEZ." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU10008/document.
Full textThis research makes its contribution in the context of a decline in the traditional concept of “the public service” and, at the same time, the increasing importance of the notions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainable development (SD) in France. In the main we based our research on neo-institutional theory as applied to the study of two organizations : “La Poste” and “GDF Suez”. Our research shows that in these enterprises, both of which have a public service mission, the concept of CSR-SD is a rationalized myth of substitution, which becomes institutionalized allowing to find a cognitive and normative legitimacy in the internal as well as the external context, a legitimacy reduced and more and more disregarded during their shift from the public service model to the market economy model. The institutional contradictions between those models of public service andthe liberal market approach invite these corporate groups to look for an alternative institutional framework embodied in the particular case of CSR-SD. We used two complementary theoretical frameworks in our research. Actor Network theory showed how by spreading the idea of public interest, inherited from the public service, the issues of corporate social responsibility and sustainable development became a source of innovation in these companies. This innovation is evident when it emanates from an actors' network in which the State plays a significant role. We revealed mechanisms of organizational learning, mainly single-loop learning, during the process of embracing corporate social responsibility and sustainable development. This organizational learning is facilitated by the cognitive and cultural backgrounds of the actors, developed within the social framework of the public service, which strengthens the institutionalization of corporate social responsibility and sustainable development
Roche, Régine. "Les Groupements Hospitaliers de Territoire : vers un nouveau modèle de la performance des réseaux territorialisés d'organisations hospitalières." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MON30044.
Full textThe purpose of this research work is to study the scope of application of the public hospital service in the regionalised networks of hospital organizations (RTO) and highlight the variables that condition the adequacy of their development path with the objectives of a public hospital activity. Starting from the assumption that the network reorganization of the hospital system would help thwart the great dichotomies (public / private) on which is built the prosecution and therefore rebuild hybridization service management method public hospital, this research aims to show that the balance between performance and production of a public hospital activity based on network development path and on anticipating adaptive and opportunistic strategies that could be implemented by his members. This study led this research to focus on the determinants of network development trajectory territorially of hospital organizations that is to say, the external benchmarks that could allow assessment of their performance, and focus in terms of strategic management on the practical exploration of meta-piloting a regionalised network: if 'the Hospital Group of Territory'. Strategic innovation is a continuation 'of contract theory representing the hospital as a true nexus of contracts between the different stakeholders and which aims to break down barriers between methods of management between the private / public sectors, administrative / medical, health care providers.' Through modeling of performance evaluation from management tools such indicators 'balanced scorecard', this research proposes to develop an operational methodology for assessing the overall performance of territorialized networks of hospital organizations as criteria that focus not only on the value created for members of the network but also on the value created for the customer-user. This theoretical model is applied to the case of the Hospital Group of Territory to get the first results
Therriault, Katia. "Le partenariat entre les organismes communautaires et les établissements publics dans le cadre des réseaux de services intégrés en santé mentale : l'expérience des tables territoriales, telle que vécue par les représentants des organismes communautaires." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24350/24350.pdf.
Full textBenitez-Eslava, Edgardo. "Réformer le service de l'eau: Histoire, système technique et régulation de firmes. Le cas du District Fédéral du Mexique (1992-2003)." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001445.
Full textHuré, Maxime. "Les réseaux transnationaux du vélo : Gouverner les politiques du vélo en ville : De l’utopie associative à la gestion par les grandes firmes urbaines (1965-2010)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO22019/document.
Full textToday, development of urban cycling is a must for politicians, particularly considering injunctions in favor of sustainable development. In the 2000s, bike sharing systems emerged in most European cities. If development was guided by ecological considerations, more generally, these services add value to political and institutional innovation and to the economic vitality of cities. Bike sharing systems were imposed thanks to transnational networks around the theme of the bike. These networks invite us to consider transnational exchanges as vectors of change in urban policies. The development of cycling has a history which is the result of many interactions between cities since the 1970s. The analysis of the creation and the effects of bicycle transnational networks allows us to define time periods and patterns in the evolutions that affect both urban cycling policies and organization of urban political power. A first period, structured by transnational activity of urban cyclist associations, helps us to understand the role of these interactions in the definition of a public issue, and of the inclusion of these questions in the agenda of many European cities during the 1970s. Problem solving encourages decision makers to engage in transnational exchanges to build a new municipal jurisdiction based on associative expertise. This municipal investment characterizes the second period, in which municipalities intensify the implementation of cyclist public policies by institutionalizing city networks in the years 1980-1990. Finally, a third period begins in the 2000s, with the appearance of companies in the area of urban furniture and outdoor advertising in transnational exchanges. These firms generate a heavy circulation of bike sharing systems, and pose the question for decision makers how to manage their relationships with these large companies, both on a transnational level and as far as the management of urban services is concerned. These bicycle transnational networks are a way to organize local authorities and to legitimate decision makers in the management of urban public policies
Houzet, Sophie. "Développement numérique, territoires et collectivités : vers un modèle ouvert." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00931217.
Full textDelval, Vincent. "Recherche sur un modèle d'autorité de régulation dans l'Union européenne dans les secteurs économiques et financiers." Thesis, Lille 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL20015/document.
Full textOver the past two decades, the authorities in charge of the regulation of sectors as diverse as Energy, Postal services, Electronic communications, Transports, Banking, Insurance and Securities have increased on a national level as well as on an European level. Imposed by Legislation, or free, in order to obtain impartiality and credibility, this European movement of creation of regulators can face some difficulties. Whatever the structure of these authorities, the extent of their powers, their degree of independence or their quest for Legitimacy, the solutions adopted to institutionalise regulation vary widely from a State to another, this diversity greatly affects the unity of this legal category. However and despite the absence of any harmonised framework, a common purpose animates these authorities which is to supervise, monitor, secure and protect. Due to different national and European experiences, this established fact raises issues about the possibility and also the opportunity of building a regulatory authority model in network utilities and in financial sectors that could guide the States as well as the European Union
Amadou, Kountché Djibrilla. "Localisation dans les bâtiments des personnes handicapées et classification automatique de données par fourmis artificielles." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4021/document.
Full textThe concept of « smart » invades more and more our daily life. A typical example is the smartphone, which becames by years an essential device. Soon, it’s the city, the car and the home which will become « smart ». The intelligence is manifested by the ability for the environment to interact and to take decisons in its relationships with users and other environments. This needs information on state changes occurred on both sides. Sensor networks allow to collect these data, to apply on them some pre-processings and to transmit them. Sensor network, towards some of their caracteristics are closed to Swarm Intelligence in the sense that small entities with reduced capababilities can cooperate automatically, in unattended, decentralised and distributed manner in order to accomplish complex tasks. These bio-inspired methods have served as basis for the resolution of many problems, mostly optimization and this insipired us to apply them on problems met in Ambient Assisted Living and on the data clustering problem. AAL is a sub-field of context-aware services, and its goals are to facilitate the everyday life of elderly and disable people. These systems determine the context and then propose different kind of services. We have used two important elements of the context : the position and the disabilty. Although positioning has very good precision outdoor, it faces many challenges in indoor environments due to the electromagnetic wave propagation in harsh conditions, the cost of systems, interoperabilty, etc. Our works have been involved in positioning disabled people in indoor environment by using wireless sensor network for determining the caracteristics of the electromagnetic wave (signal strenght, time, angle) for estimating the position by geometric methods (triangulation, lateration), fingerprinting methods (k-nearest neighbours), baysiens filters (Kalman filter). The application is to offer AAL services like navigation. Therefore we extend the definition of sensor node to take into account any device, in the environment, capable of emiting and receiving a signal. Also, we have studied the possibility of using Pachycondylla Apicalis for data clustering and for indoor localization by casting this last problem as data clustering problem. Finally we have proposed a system based on a middleware architecture
René, Olivier. "Portrait de l'expérience d'intégration d'un organisme de suivi alternatif communautaire face aux établissements publics dans le contexte des réseaux locaux de services en santé mentale." Mémoire, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4800/1/M9807.pdf.
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