Academic literature on the topic 'Granite – Nigeria'
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Journal articles on the topic "Granite – Nigeria"
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Imeokparia, E. G. "Geochemical evolution of the Jarawa Younger Granite complex and its related mineralization, northern Nigeria." Geological Magazine 122, no. 2 (March 1985): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800031071.
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AbstractThe Jarawa Younger Granite complex is composed of high silica alkali granites that were emplaced 161 Ma ago. The granites are characterized by high contents of Rb, Li, F, Sn, Nb, W above normal low-Ca granitic rocks and have typical S-type characteristics that are indicative of a substantial component of crustal melt.Mineralization in the complex is associated with the biotite granite which was emplaced as a sheet-like body at relatively shallow depth and occurs as disseminations and as greisen lodes and veins.Chemical studies of the granites have shown that the biotite granite represents a highly fractionated rock that crystallized from a residual magma from which the hornblende-biotite granite had previously crystallized. However the biotite granite is characterized by steep gradients in some minor and trace elements that apparently indicate that liquid-state differentiation and/or volatile complexing processes made significant contributions to their differentiation. Enrichment of Th, Li, Rb, Sn, W and Nb may be more closely linked to roofward migration of F.
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Akinola, Oluwatoyin O., Azman A. Ghani, and Elvaene James. "Petrography and Geochemical Characterization of a Granite Batholith in Idanre, Southwestern Nigeria." Sains Malaysiana 50, no. 2 (February 28, 2021): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5002-04.
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Idanre granite batholith in southwestern Nigeria contain three rock types, namely, Older granite undifferentiated (OGu), Older granite porphyritic (OGp) and Older granite fine-grained (OGf). The granitoids intruded into a basement rock of primarily migmatite gneiss. Petrography indicates that quartz, orthoclase, hornblende, and biotite are common to all members while microcline is more prominent in OGp and plagioclase is poorly represented in OGf. Despite minor differences in petrographic features, the granite units generally have similar geochemical relationships. The average SiO2 contents in OGp (70.49%), OGu (68.7%) and OGf (65.8%) are comparable to similar Pan-African suites located in eastern and northern Nigeria. Na2O+K2O-CaO versus SiO2 diagram shows all the granite members are calcic, K2O vs SiO2 plot classify the granites as high-K calcic alkali to shoshonitic. ANK vs ACNK plot indicatesthey are peraluminous. Plot of A/CNK vs SiO2 and K2O vs Na2O diagrams classified the rock as S-type granite. The granitoids are calc-alkaline with elevated Na2O (>2.6%) and Al/(Na2O+CaO) contents (OGu, 2.1-3.4; OGp, 2.4-3.1 and OGf, 2.2-2.9). The tectonic diagram (Rb vs (Y+Nb) indicatesthatthe batholith is Within Plate Granite (WPG.
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Oluyede, Kehinde, and Urs Klötzli. "Syn-collisional pan-African granite in the northern part Birnin Gwari schist belt in NW Nigeria." International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 8, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v8i2.31095.
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Syn-collisional granite in the northern part of the Birnin Gwari schist belt consists dominantly of granite and lesser granodiorite and quartzolite. Petrographic and ge¬ochemical data revealed three granite groups: the biotite-hornblende granite (quartzolite - BHG); the biotite granite (BG) and the biotite-muscovite granite (BMG). The rocks generally have calc-alkaline and high-K calc-alkaline affinities, and calc-alkalic to alkali-calcic, peraluminous and ferroan and magnesian geochemistry. They are characterized by LILE enrichment, high LREE fractionation factor [(La/Yb) (6.74 to 45.14] with weak to moderate negative Eu (Eu/Eu* = 0.38 to 0.62) and strong negative Nb, P and Ti anomalies. Variation in the behavior of lithophile elements (Ba, Sr and Rb) revealed diverse granite trend such as “high and low Ba-Sr”; “normal”, “anomalous” “strongly differentiated” and “granodiorite and quartz diorite” granite. Their display of similar trace elements and REE patterns suggest they are cogenetic. Major and trace element data indicate differentiation of a mafic magma and partial melting of crustal components inherited from shale-greywacke and quartzose sedimentary protoliths in volcanic arc and post collisional settings. The field and geochemical characteristics of this granite suggest that they are similar to other granites in schist belts in other parts of Nigeria, forming the lateral continuation of the same Pan-African magmatic belt.
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T, Aga, and Haruna A. I. "The field geology and petrography of the kofayi younger granite complex, central Nigeria." International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 7, no. 2 (July 22, 2019): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v7i2.29055.
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The Kofayi Younger Granite Complex is one of the several anorogenic alkaline Younger Granite Complexes that is located approximately 45 kilometres north east of Jos, Nigeria. The complex is found to comprise of felsic rocks like; biotite-granites, biotite microgranites and granodiorites. They are also found to be associated with mafic rocks like diorites which, at some portions have formed hybrid rocks. Quartz- feldspar- granites are the porphyritic rocks that found in the ring complex. The complex intrude the basement rocks of central Nigeria. Structural trends on these rocks suggest that they were controlled by some deep seated structures of the basement. Mineral suite identified include; fayalite, pyroxene, amphibole, k-feldspar, biotite, quartz, iron- oxide and accessory minerals like zircon, apatite, and allanite. Generally, the petrography of these rock samples reveal the presence of a mafic magma which has two pulses (a mafic and felsic pulse) of injection.
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Khairul Amri Kamarudin, Mohd, Musa Garba Abdullahi, Mohd Hariri Arifin, Roslan Umar, Muhammad Hafiz Md Saad, and Iya Garba. "Investigation of Road Bank Failures based on Mineralogical Composition Studies in Kano-Abuja Road Northern, Nigeria." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.34 (December 13, 2018): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.34.23852.
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This article investigated the general compositions of the areas (the road) including the geology, mineralogy, and geochemistry to explore the reason for the road failure. The zone is underlain basement (storm cellar) and sedimentary rocks of different textures, mineralogy, and geochemistry. The results implies that the areas that is most stable along the road portions is underlain by the granite-gneiss, granites, amphibole schist and quartz, schist and small sandstone while portions with the failures are underlain by mica schist, phyllite, and coarse-grained granite. It is apparently sure from this study that poor quality metasedimentary rocks constitute the formation of the failed portions. However, the high numbers of the sediment and sandstone present in the area that can easily be weathered due to the climate variation have increased the failure. In conclusion, the result will help the engineers during reconstruction of these parts need to be excavating deeply and replace with granite-gneiss, granites, amphibole schist and quartz for better result.
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Odedede, O. "Petrology of Exposed Basement Rocks around Shintaku of North Central Nigeria." Journal of Scientific Research 5, no. 3 (August 29, 2013): 489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i3.15233.
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The study area is part of the Basement Complex of North Central Nigeria. The study aims at identifying the rock types and interpretation of the structural elements. The major rock units in the area comprises of porphyritic granite, gneiss and schist. Structural evidence shows that the rocks are deformed and where intruded by the granite. Petrographic analysis reveals the existence of feldspar phenocrysts in a groundmass of quartz and biotite. The granite is composed of quartz (25-35%), plagioclase (15-20%), orthoclase (10-20%), microcline (5-25%), biotite (15-20%) and other accessory minerals. The granites displayed a porphyritic texture while the schist and gneisses exhibit planar and linear structures. Variation in structural trend and mineralogical composition is due to the series of deformational activities which has affected the rocks during geologic time. Keywords: Monzogranite; Porphyritic; Deformation; Fractionation. © 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i3.15233 J. Sci. Res. 5 (3), 489-497 (2013)
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Olarewaju, V. O. "Charnockite-granite association in SW Nigeria: rapakivi granite type and charnockitic plutonism in Nigeria?" Journal of African Earth Sciences (1983) 6, no. 1 (January 1987): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(87)90108-4.
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Mustapha, S., S. Suleman, S. R. Iliyasu, E. E. Udensi, Y. A. Sanusi, D. Dahuwa, and L. Abba. "INTERPRETATION OF AEROMAGNETIC DATA AND LANDSAT IMAGERY OVER THE NIGERIAN YOUNGER GRANITES IN AND AROUND KAFANCHAN AREA, NORTH-CENTRAL NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 4 (June 14, 2021): 323–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0404-489.
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In this research the lineaments of the Kafanchan area in North-central Nigeria were investigated in order to explore the mineralization zones of the area. Aeromagnetic data over Kafanchan and environs within the Younger Granite Province, in the North-Central Nigeria were collated and analyzed. The aeromagnetic map of the area was interpreted both qualitatively and quantitatively so as to identify the nature of the magnetic sources and the trends direction in the study area. The trend of the Total Magnetic Intensity (TMI) map is predominantly in NE-SW. The First Vertical Derivative (FVD) Lineaments Map was also correlated with LADSAT lineaments map and both maps agreed in most areas. The study area is characterized by predominant magnetic lineament trend in NE-SW direction and subordinate E-W direction. The result also shows that the most significant structural trends affecting the distribution of these magnetic anomalies in the study area is in NE-SW direction. The TMI map indicates that there are three major mineralization zones in the study area. The high magnetization contrast in the NE and SE parts of the study area correlates with the migmatite-gneiss, biotite-granites, granites and basalts which are associated with high magnetic contrasts. Also, the high magnetization contrast in the NW part of the area correlates with basalt and the biotite-granite. However, the predominant low magnetization contrast observed in the western half does not correlate with the basic igneous rock
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Raheem, Akeem Ayinde, Bolanle Deborah Ikotun, and S. Oyetunde Akinloye. "Effects of Granite Sourced from Selected Locations in Ogbomoso, Nigeria on the Properties of Concrete." Advances in Science and Technology 107 (June 28, 2021): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.107.113.
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Aggregates constitute 60 – 80% of total concrete constituents. The characteristics of concrete may be affected by the sources from which the aggregate was obtained. The effects of granite sourced from four selected locations within Ogbomoso, Nigeria; on the fresh and hardened properties of concrete were investigated. The granites were obtained from: Asafa (80 4.681 N and 40 20.781 E), Ola-jesu (80 13.591 N and 40 10.11 E), Igbo-ile (80 4.681 N and 40 19.571 E) and Apasu (80 14.961 N and 40 10.051 E). Sieve analysis, specific gravity, moisture content, Aggregate Crushing Value (ACV) and Aggregate Impact Value (AIV) of the granites were determined. The aggregates were used to produce concrete of two different mix ratio-1:2:4 and 1:3:6. Slump and compaction factor tests were carried out on fresh concrete and compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and water absorption on hardened concrete. The results indicated that granite obtained from Asafa and Ola-jesu exhibited improved characteristics over those sourced from Igbo-ile and Apasu and are more suitable for use in producing high-quality concrete.
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Déléris, J., A. Nédélec, E. Ferré, G. Gleizes, R. P. Ménot, C. K. Obasi, and J. L. Bouchez. "The Pan-African Toro Complex (northern Nigeria): magmatic interactions and structures in a bimodal intrusion." Geological Magazine 133, no. 5 (September 1996): 535–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800007822.
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AbstractThe Toro Complex is one of the Pan-African Older Granites of Nigeria, first described as a reversely zoned pluton made of a central dioritic mass surrounded by a broad granitic rim. It has been thoroughly reinvestigated both from the petrographic and structural points of view, with the help of systematic anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) measurements. The granite main body is a hornblende–biotite porphyritic monzogranite characterized by an early submagmatic fabric displaying a concentric pattern of foliations and west plunging lineations (stage 1). This fabric is overprinted by a later one due to solid-state strain along north-south subvertical dextral shear zones (stage 2). In the vicinity of the diorite, an evengrained granite displays magmatic structures that are contemporaneous with this strike-slip event. The diorite–granite contact is a complex zone where field, petrographic and geochemical data enable recognition of the effects of mixing and mingling between a mafic and a felsic magma. Tonalites cropping out within this contact zone are interpreted as hybrid rocks. The reverse zonation of the diorite itself is also the result of some hybridization process. Magmatic interactions mainly resulted from in situ infiltration of granitic liquid into the dioritic mass. The detailed history of this bimodal intrusion began with the emplacement of the granitic magma acquiring a first stage fabric. Before full crystallization of the granitic core, intrusion of the dioritic magma permitted reheating of the granitic magma that then crystallized with specific structural characters. The second stage structures, whether characterized by magmatic fabric near the diorite or by solid-state strain features in north–south shear zones elsewhere in the granite, are related to late Pan-African dextral strike-slip tectonics in the basement of northern Nigeria. The bimodal Toro Complex is therefore considered as a late Pan-African syntectonic pluton.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Granite – Nigeria"
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Bammeke, B. O. "Geochemical prospecting in a greenstone-granite complex, South West Nigeria." Thesis, Swansea University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.636029.
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A low-density reconnaissance geochemical survey was made of the stream sediments and rocks in the Akaka/Ago-Iwoye, Egbe and Igbo-Ora districts of the southwestern basement complex, Nigeria. The areas are underlain by mainly Precambrian greenstone rocks in close association with granites, gneisses, metasediments (quartzites, quartz-mica schists) and pegmatites. Typical rain forest areas and streams are dissected by a closely and deeply developed dentritic-subdentritic drainage pattern. This study compares the three areas and includes recommendations for further prospecting. Field and mineralogical petrological evidence indicates sulphide mineralization, and geochemical trends in the amphibolites favour a tholeiitic affinity with ultrabasic igneous proliths overprinted by post-magmatic processes. The range of concentrations and geochemical characteristics of elements commonly found in rocks and sediments are reviewed. More than 350 samples were collected and analysed for 17 trace and 10 major elements by X-ray fluorescence, atomic absorption and inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy. Analytical precision was monitored using duplicates, standards and reference materials and the statistical basis of analytical quality control examined. Computer based univariate and multivariate statistical techniques are applied to the geochemical data. Initial univariate analyses clearly establish anomalous elemental abundances. Anomalously high Mo, significant Ni and Au values are characteristic of the areas investigated. Particular geochemical patterns of single-element distribution were found. In general, multi-element associations in the sediments were similar to those discerned in the associated bed-rocks. The application of multiple regression analysis to sediments from the Egbe area revealed enhanced Cu and Ni anomalous populations which were suppressed by iron-oxide coprecipitation. R-mode analysis identified models meaningful in terms of correlation either with underlying parent rock, secondary processes of the surifical environment and mineralization. However, there are no clearly defined indications of the ore potential of the Akaka area. The fourth-factor (Au-Sr) for rock samples in the Igbo-Ora complex confirms occurrence of gold mineralization. A clear-cut association of rare-earths are shown in all the areas. The most significant findings of the present work were the identification of exploration target areas worth further investigations. Other aspects highlighted were the possibility of reliable indicator elements for ore mineralization in these areas, significant anomalies being evident in the rocks and sediments.
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Déléris, Jacqueline. "Plutonisme bimodal en contexte décrochant panafricain : étude pétro-structurale du complexe de Toro (Nigeria)." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30212.
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Le complexe de toro, situe dans la province nord du nigeria, est un pluton bimodal calco-alcalin faisant partie des older granites panafricains. Il est constitue d'un corps principal de granite porphyroide (75 km2), entourant un corps basique de diorite a hyperstene (25 km2). Le contact entre ces deux magmas est complexe ; roches hybrides tonalitiques temoignant de melanges complets (mixing) ou partiels (mingling), roches provenant de l'encaissant, refusion partielle du granite porphyroide en un granite equigranulaire, bordure microgenus de la diorite. La technique de l'anisotropie de la susceptibilite magnetique, fournissant l'intensite et l'orientation de la fabrique des mineraux magnetiques de la roche, a permis d'acceder a la fabrique interne des plutons, reflet de leur mise en place. Les donnees structurales mettent en evidence deux stades majeurs: (i) mise en place du granite de toro, a l'etat magmatique, le long d'un plan moyennement pente vers l'ouest et selon une direction ouest-est et, (ii) mise en place de la diorite a l'etat magmatique, accompagnee d'hybrides et d'enclaves d'encaissant, lors d'un cisaillement dextre submeridien d'echelle regionale. Enfin, un episode plus tardif de cisaillement dextre n30 echarpe la bordure nord-ouest du complexe de toro. Ainsi, le granite s'est mis en place dans une croute deja fortement structurees et ductile. Il est ensuite poinconne par la diorite qui ramonne l'encaissant et emporte du magma hybride. Les deux signatures structurales, reflet de deux cinematiques differentes mais rapprochees dans le temps, sont reunies dans un meme modele, qui combine decrochement et transpression ou transtension, expression de la tectonique cisaillante nord-sud dextre caracteristique des temps fini-panafricains
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Saliu, Muyideen Alade. "Investigation into factors controlling the potential for dimension stone production of selected granites in south west Nigeria." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496109.
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South west Niaeria falls in the basement complex of Nigeria with abundant granites of different colours. Despite this, little exploitation has been undertaken. The investigation into factors controlling the potential of selected granites in south west Nigeria for dimension stone production is carried out to determine their suitability for different dimension stone applications. Among the factors investigated are aesthetic features, mechanical features and fracture network characterization. Some selected granites in Cornwall were also investigated to serve as control tests. From colour characterization using both conventional methods and a new colour characterization method using colour spectrum, Awo, Ewu, Supare, Ikere and Ikole granites were classified as Black, Green, Ivory White, Gold and Grey granites respectively and identified as 'first class/grade' colour (one colour), while Oore is classified as Pink granite and a 'second class/grade' colour (multicolour). From Cornwall, Carnsew and Holman's granites can both be described as grey colour and 'first class' colour (one colour). Variable texture was evident for the granites studied. For example, the texture exhibited by Awo, Ikole and Ikere granites Is equi-granular while Oore, Supare, Ewu, Carnsew and Holman's are porphyritic. The mineralogical analyses of selected granites in SW Nigeria using both transmitted light and a SEM identified, in addition to major composition of granites, amphibole as a trace mineral in Awo, Ewu and Oore granite with pyrite only in Awo granite.
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Sakoma, Emmanuel Manoah. "Magmatic and postmagmatic evolution of the Kwandonkaya anorogenic ring complex in the Nigerian A-type granite province." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34442.
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The Kwandonkaya complex is one of the Mesozoic Nigerian Younger Granite complexes, which belong to the within-plate A-type granite spectrum. The complex, comprised of three main intrusive centers, contains subvolcanic rocks, plutonic rocks, and localized occurrences of altered granite. In this study, the field, petrographic and mineral chemical characteristics of the complex are investigated, a model of evolution of the subvolcanic rocks is formulated, and the mode of genesis of the parental melt are proposed.The Fe-rich mafic minerals documented in the subvolcanic rocks suggest a comagmatic suite, and low f(O$ sb2)$ at the time of crystallization (ca. QFM). The subvolcanic rocks are inferred, from mica chemistry, to have equilibrated with a fluid phase characterized by low average $f sb{ rm(HF)}/f sb{ rm(HCl)}$ values ($10 sp{-1.74}$ at 773 K); values of the same ratio are higher in plutonic rocks (10$ sp{-0.67}$ at 673 K), and they are even higher values in the drusy and mineralized variants of the biotite granite. The occurrence of orthoclase, orthoclase + microcline, and microcline reflects decreases in the degree of undercooling, related to size of intrusive unit, and in the An content of sanidine$ rm sb{ss},$ which precluded complete ordering. The successful conversion of a monoclinic precursor to microcline indicates an increase in degree of volatile build-up and retention, and in extent of rock-fluid interactions in the subsolidus range of temperatures. The temperature of closure was between 450 and 300$ sp circ$C for orthoclase-bearing rocks, and between 450 and 300$ sp circ$C for those with microcline $ pm$ orthoclase.
This granite also contains dark enclaves, formed by mingling of a hybrid magma with the evolved, but not on a scale that noticeably affected its geochemical features. Petrologic modelling of the felsic subvolcanic rocks show that the rock suite could have evolved by 29% Rayleigh fractionation of liquidus phases (cumulate: sanidine$ rm sb{ss}$: 88%, fayalite: 6%, hedenbergite: 5%, ilmenite: 1%). Trace element evolution requires 50% fractionation of the same phases. This disagreement, between the major and trace element models, results from the role of zircon, chevkinite, and allanite, not required in the major-element model. Selective trace-element enrichment followed by nonmodal melting of a lower crustal rocks, of granulitic composition, could produce the required parental melt by 20 to 60% melting.
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Sakoma, Emmanuel Manoah. "Magmatic and postmagmatic evolution of the Kwandonkaya anorogenic ring complex in the Nigerian A-type granite province." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ30374.pdf.
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Koungou, Léon. "Technicisation et réformes des politiques étatiques de défense du monde contemporain : adaptation de l'institution militaire et perspective stratégique en Afrique subsaharienne (Cameroun-Nigeria)." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010339.
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Les réformes de la défense et de la sécurité au fond du Golfe de Guinée (Cameroun et Nigeria) sont impulsés par les facteurs internes et externes. Les facteurs internes (initiatives politiques locales) renvoient aux changements qui touchent la défense dans son fonctionnement et son organisation. Les facteurs externes mettent en évidence les partenariats politico-militaires en matière de défense et de sécurité pour faire face aux menaces diffuses. À l'échelle interne, la mutation du secteur de la sécurité et de la défense s'observe par la réorganisation, la restructuration, et la modernisation de l'appareil de défense et de sécurité. À l'échelle sous-régionale (CEEAC et CEDEAO), la portée des réformes amorcées au Cameroun et au Nigeria apparaît relative.
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Hoeltz, Michele. "Caracterização da contaminação fúngica e por micotoxinas em diferentes fases da cultura do amendoim (Arachis hypogaea L.) produzido no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49735.
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Micotoxinas são metabólitos secundários produzidos por fungos filamentosos que podem contaminar os grãos em diferentes períodos de pré e pós-colheita. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a contaminação fúngica e por micotoxinas em diferentes períodos do cultivo do amendoim no Rio Grande o Sul, considerando diferentes regiões e cultivares, durante as safras 2006/2007 e 2007/2008 e, ainda, desenvolver um método eficiente de quantificação de aflatoxina B1, baseado na cromatografia em camada delgada com detector de carga acoplada. Foram coletadas nas regiões de Augusto Pestana e Ivorá, amostras dos cultivares Tatu e Paraguaio, em diferentes períodos da cultura: (1) solo pré-plantio, (2) enchimento dos grãos, (3) colheita, (4) pós-secagem e (5) solo pós-colheita. Os fungos contaminantes do solo foram quantificados pela técnica de diluição seriada e nos grãos, o percentual de incidência foi determinado pela técnica de plaqueamento direto. O potencial toxigênico de Aspergillus seção Flavi e Aspergillus seção Nigri foi verificado em Agar Coco e Agar Extrato de Levedura Sacarose, respectivamente. Aflatoxina B1 e ocratoxina A foram determinadas por cromatografia em camada delgada com detector de carga acoplada. As espécies predominantes em todas as amostras foram Aspergillus flavus e Aspergillus niger var. niger. Entre as espécies de A. flavus e A. parasiticus, 89,3% e 39,2%, se mostraram produtoras de aflatoxina B1, respectivamente. Nenhum dos isolados de A. niger var. niger produziu ocratoxina nas condições testadas. Aflatoxina B1 foi detectada em 50% das amostras, com níveis entre 16 μg/Kg e 115 μg/Kg. Ocratoxina A foi detectada em 25% das amostras, com níveis entre 12,2 μg/Kg e 76,9 μg/Kg. Foi observada a ocorrência simultânea das duas micotoxinas em amostras do período pós-colheita. O método desenvolvido para quantificação de aflatoxina B1, baseado em procedimentos de fotometria fotográfica, se mostrou sensível, eficiente e prático, apresentando um limite de detecção de 0,4 ng por mancha, um limite de quantificação de 1,2 μg/kg e média de recuperação de 92%.Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produce by filamentous fungi that can contaminate grains in different stages of pre and postharvest management. The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of fungi and mycotoxins at different maturation stages of peanut produced in different regions of south of Brazil during 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 harvests. Moreover, to develop an efficient quantification method of aflatoxin B1, based on thin-layer chromatography and charged coupled device detector. Peanut samples, Tatu and Paraguaio varieties, were obtained in regions of Augusto Pestana and Ivorá, in different stages of cultura: (1) soil before planting, (2) pod filling, (3) at harvest, (4) after drying, (5) soil after harvest. The soil contamination was quantified by serial dilution technique and the fungi incidence on grains was determinate by direct planting technique. The toxigenic potential of Aspergillus section Flavi and Aspergillus section Nigri was verified in Coco Medium Ágar and Yeast Extract Sucrose agar medium, respectively. Aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A were determinate by on thin-layer chromatography and charged coupled device detector. The predominant species in all samples were Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger var. niger. Among the species of A. flavus and A. parasiticus, 89,3% e 39,2%, produced aflatoxin B1, respectively. None of A. section Nigri isolates were ochratoxin A producers in the conditions tested. Aflatoxin B1 was detected in 50% of samples, with levels of 16.0 μg/Kg to 115.0 μg/Kg. Ochratoxin A was detected in 25% of samples, with levels of 12.2 μg/Kg to 76.9 μg/Kg. It was observed the co-occurrence of both mycotoxins in samples of postharvest. The method developed for aflatoxin B1 quantification was sensitive, efficient and practical, with a detection limit of 0.4 ng per spot, a limit of quantification of 1.2 μg/kg and average recovery of 92%.
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Rivron, Sarah. "La notion d'Indirect rule." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT3020/document.
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L'administration coloniale a pris de nombreuses formes au fil des siècles, et l'Indirect rule est l'une des plus représentatives de la colonisation britannique. A ce titre, il convient de s'intéresser aux causes et aux conséquences de ce système de gouvernement, ainsi qu'aux spécificités qui y sont liées en pratique. Cette analyse portera donc essentiellement sur sa mise en application au Nigeria, ainsi que sa diffusion dans l'empire colonial britannique d'Afrique. Afin d'approfondir cette étude, l'Indirect rule sera également abordé d'un point de vue plus théorique, notamment concernant l'évolution de sa perception par les historiens du droit. De même, sa spécificité sera questionnée, notamment en la comparant à d'autres systèmes de gouvernement coloniaux européensColonial administration evolved a lot through centuries, and Indirect rule is one of the most representative of the British one. As such, it is interesting to look at the reasons and the issues of the particular system of government, as well as the particularities linked to Indirect rule in the facts. This analysis will be more specifically about how Indirect rule worked in Nigeria, as well as its diffusion through the British colonial empire in Africa. In order to complete the study, Indirect rule will also broached from a theoretical point of view, in particular regarding the evolution of how historians of law considered it. Moreover, its specificities will be observed, in particular by comparing indirect rule with other Europeans colonial governments
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Pedinotti, Vanessa. "Préparation à la mission SWOT (Surface Water Ocean Topography) : Apport de l'altimétrie à large fauchée à la modélisation grande échelle des processus hydrologiques et hydrodynamiques en Afrique de l'Ouest." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013INPT0014/document.
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Le bassin versant du fleuve Niger est directement influencé par les fluctuations de la mousson africaine, qui impactent les ressources en eau et entraînent des évènements extrêmes tels que des inondations ou des sécheresses. En retour, les forts taux d'évaporation observés dans le Delta intérieur du Niger, large région annuellement inondée, impactent le climat, au moins à l'échelle régionale. Une meilleure compréhension des processus hydrodynamiques de ce bassin ne peut cependant être obtenue sans un réseau d'observations ayant une couverture spatiale et temporelle suffisante. La mission SWOT fournira des cartes 2D de hauteurs et pente des eaux de surface avec une résolution encore jamais atteinte en altimétrie (50 à 100 mètres). Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre de la phase de préparation à la mission SWOT et se propose d'offrir des perspectives d'utilisation de ces données satellites pour l'amélioration des modèles d'hydrologie globale. Dans un premier temps, le modèle hydrologique du CNRM, ISBA-TRIP, incluant un schéma d'inondations et un réservoir simple d'aquifères ajouté durant cette thèse est évalué sur le bassin du Niger à l'aide de multiples observations in-situ et satellites. L'étude montre que le modèle simule de façon cohérente l'évolution des eaux de surface, des zones inondées, et les anomalies de stock d'eau sur le bassin. Ensuite, un schéma d'assimilation de données est mis en place afin d'optimiser un des paramètres clés en hydrologie, le coefficient de Manning. Ce coefficient, décrivant la propriété du sol à 'retenir' les flux d'eau, influence fortement la dynamique des eaux de surface, et notamment les hauteurs d'eau et le débit. L'assimilation des données SWOT est appliquée dans le cadre d'une expérience jumelle, qui consiste à considérer une simulation de référence, appelée 'vérité', de laquelle sont issues les observations virtuelles de hauteur d'eau SWOT. L'étude montre que l'assimilation des hauteurs d'eau SWOT permet l'optimisation du coefficient de Manning, distribué spatialement, malgré l'hypothèse d'équifinalité. Les hauteurs d'eau et les débits sont considérablement améliorés, et on obtient une meilleure simulation des anomalies de stocks d'eau sur le bassin ainsi que des zones inondées sur le Delta intérieur du Niger (occurrence, intensité). Enfin, le potentiel des données SWOT pour améliorer les prévisions hydrologiques sur des périodes plus longues que celle de la phase d'assimilation est mis en évidenceThe hydrologic and hydrodynamic processes of the Niger basin are largely influenced by the West African monsoon variabilty. In the last 3 decades these variations have resulted in an increase of extreme events such as floods and droughts. Retrospectively, the climate might be impacted by the evaporation fluxes from the inner Delta flooded region, at least regionally. A better understanding of the Niger basin water cycle is a crucial issue for water resources management but requires observation datasets with a large spatial and temporal coverage. The SWOT satellite mission will provide 2D global maps of water level and slope at an unprecedented resolution (50 to 100 meters). Within the framework of the preparation of the SWOT mission, this thesis aims at proposing a SWOT data assimilation strategy for the improvement of global scale hydrological models. First, the ISBA-TRIP hydrological model from CNRM is evaluated over the Niger basin. This model includes an inundation scheme and simple aquifer reservoir. The model diagnostics are compared to an extensive set of in-situ and satellite observations. According to its relative simple physics, the model is able to simulate in a realistic manner, the continental water dynamics : discharge, water levels, floods, total water storage variations. Sensitivity tests are also performed to determine the most sensitve ISBA-TRIP parameters. Among them, the Manning coefficient has a key role in the flow dynamics but its estimation is difficult and usually based on geomorphologic relationships. The second part of this work consists in setting up a SWOT data assimilation strategy for the optimization of the ISBA-TRIP parameters. Since the SWOT observations are not available yet and also to assess the skills of the assimilation method, the study is carried out in the framework of an Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE). The corrected parameter is the Manning coefficient, spatially distributed over the river. The assimilation allows a good improvement of the relative bias of discharge and water level over the river. The Manning coefficient is also globally improved and tends to an optimal value. Moreover, the water storage anomalies and flooded fraction are also better simulated. Finally, the study shows that the method is useful for hydrological forecasting over longer time periods than those of the calibration
Books on the topic "Granite – Nigeria"
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A, Goldsmith Arthur. Building agricultural institutions: Transferring the land-grant model to India and Nigeria. Boulder: Westview Press, 1990.
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Ekpo, Akpan Hogan. Fiscal operations in a depressed economy: Nigeria, 1960-90. Nairobi: African Economic Research Consortium, 1996.
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Olowu, Dele. Achievements and problems of federal and state transfers to local governments in Nigeria since independence. [Washington, D.C.]: Economic Development Institute of the World Bank, Coordination and Development Administration Division, 1989.
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Goals, Millennium Development. Partnering to achieve the MDGs: The story of Nigeria's conditional grants scheme : 2007-2010. Abuja, Nigeria: Office of the Senior Special Assistant to the President on Millennium Development Goals, 2010.
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Ahmed, Hafizullah Abba, Lian-Xun Wang, Chang-Qian Ma, Ibrahim Garba, Musa Bala Girei, and Victor Ikechukwu Vincent. "Geochronology, Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implication of A-Type Granite from Zaranda (North-Central Nigeria)." In Petrogenesis and Exploration of the Earth’s Interior, 17–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01575-6_4.
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Ferré, Eric, Gérard Gleizes, M. Toufik Djouadi, Jean Luc Bouchez, and Francis X. O. Ugodulunwa. "Drainage and Emplacement of Magmas along an Inclined Transcurrent Shear Zone: Petrophysical Evidence from a Granite-Charnockite Pluton (Rahama, Nigeria)." In Petrology and Structural Geology, 253–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1717-5_16.
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Oluyede, Kehinde, and Urs Klötzli. "Provenance and Geological Setting of Syn-collisional Pan-African Granite in the Northern Part Birnin Gwari Schist Belt in NW Nigeria." In Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 7, 99–124. Book Publisher International (a part of SCIENCEDOMAIN International), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ciees/v7/3208f.
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Awajiusuk, Finomo Julia. "Prospects and Challenges of Teaching Religious Ethics in Nigerian Universities." In Contemporary Issues Surrounding Ethical Research Methods and Practice, 306–23. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8562-8.ch013.
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Human societies are quickly drifting into serious moral decadence as various ills are plaguing the world. This situation makes the teaching of religious ethics, the academic discipline that studies the morality of human act based on the tenets of various religions, a necessity. In some parts of the world, the teaching of religious ethics is booming. Unfortunately, the opposite is the case in Nigeria. Teachers of religious ethics are few in the country. This chapter investigates the reason behind this unpopularity of religious ethics as an academic discipline in Nigerian universities. The chapter exposes in great measure challenges facing teachers of religious ethics in Nigerian universities. To do this, the author employs the phenomenological approach of religious studies. The author also draws insights from religious ethics and cultural hermeneutics. The author recommends that the teaching of religious ethics in Nigerian universities should be encouraged through provision of scholarships and research grants.
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Otulugbu, Dumebi. "Alternative News and Misinterpretations: Fake News and Its Spread in Nigeria." In Fake News Is Bad News - Hoaxes, Half-truths and the Nature of Today's Journalism [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94571.
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Down the ages and across cultures, information has occupied a very crucial space in the life of any society. Today, our world with the speed in technological advancements is characterised with easy access to the collecting, refining and distribution of information. This has left media houses especially the large ones with the burden of competing with alternative media, as media producers abuse the privilege in liberal democracies that is granted citizens as regards human rights and freedom, as the rate of disseminating false information continues to grow. This piece attempts at stating clearly information on fake news, misinformation and hate speeches as disseminated globally in the guise of media scientists, showing the means through which this end is met, especially with the easy that comes with the use of social media and in the end, showing the challenges and risks that are resultant effects of this acts.
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Marcus, Jane. "White Women, Black Books." In Nancy Cunard, edited by Jean Mills, 217–50. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781949979299.003.0011.
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Devoted to the making of the Negro Anthology, the chapter reads Cunard’s collection alongside and against white Englishwoman, Sylvia Leith-Ross, and her “official” project African Women, funded by two government grants to live and study in Nigeria in the same year as Negro’s publication, 1934. Marcus interrogates Leith-Ross’s treatment in the study of the Women’s War, or the “Aba Riots” as the British were anxious to diffuse the memory of their rebellion against colonial rule and oppression. The chapter focuses on the collective work of Negro and the challenges Cunard faced in bringing to the public a project that was unauthorized, unfunded, and surveilled.
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Gbadebo, Abraham Oketooyin. "Uncommon Sources of Finance and Sustainability, Growth and Development of Small Medium-Scale Enterprises in Nigeria." In Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage, 200–214. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1005-6.ch014.
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This chapter presents uncommon sources of financing SMEs. Finance is indispensable factor for development and growth of SMEs everywhere in the world. However, few people are acquainted to alternative sources of financing SMEs other than the traditional mediums. In Nigeria, lack of knowledge on non-traditional sources of funding has either contributed to the death or slow pace of development of SMEs. Some of the uncommon sources are crowdfunding, merchant cash advance, elusive business grant, and small business administration. In the chapter, the author exposes these sources as well as present guidelines on how they could be accessed.
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Durodolu, Oluwole O., Philomina A. Mamudu, and Vusi O. Tsabedze. "Management of Electronic Records for Service Delivery at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 199–214. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2527-2.ch011.
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Healthcare providers have, over the years, struggled with the management of patient records. The struggle became exaggerated as information became increasingly large and convoluted. The contemporary healthcare environment is characterised by information overload; without the proper organisation of information resources, access to valuation resources can become an albatross, if not properly managed. Health information is the data associated with the medical ailment of a patient's history, containing symptoms, diagnoses, procedures, and results. Quick access to this vital information may be a life-and-death decision that must not be taken for granted. This chapter aims to investigate how electronic records are managed in a contemporary method as adopted by the University College Hospital (UCH).
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Kyobe, Samuel. "Selecting a Laboratory Information System for Biobanks in Low- and Middle-Income Countries." In e-Services. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90948.
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Biobanks in low-and middle-income countries need significant infrastructural support to meet ISBER Best Practices to support population-based genomics research. ISBER recommends a Biobank information management system that can manage workflows from biospecimen receipt to distribution. The H3Africa Initiative was set out to develop regional African Biobanks where Uganda, Nigeria, and South Africa were successfully awarded grants to develop state-of-the-art Biobanks. In this chapter, we review the African experiences, processes, and recommendations for information management systems for use in the low-and middle-income country context. We provide a balanced basis on which institutions can deliberate their decision between an out-of-the-box service and a commercial enterprise.
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Omidoyin, Eunice Olubunmi, Rosaline Oluremi Opeke, and Gordon Kayode Osagbemi. "Utilization Pattern and Privacy Issues in the Use of Health Records for Research Practice by Doctors." In Cyber Law, Privacy, and Security, 1097–108. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8897-9.ch051.
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Research is a fundamental activity in teaching hospitals, and medical doctors use information contained in health records for research. In this process, researchers are often confronted with privacy issues. It is however not clear the extent to which doctors paid attention to this privacy issues in their research. The purpose of this study was to establish the extent to which privacy principles were followed by medical doctors in federal teaching hospitals in Nigeria when using health records for research. Survey research design was adopted for this study with two-stage random sampling technique to select 60% of the federal teaching hospitals; and 60% of the medical doctors in the selected hospitals. Attention was paid to securing patients unused data; health records was used mostly to generate data to support application for grant. There was a joint positive significant relationship between the predictor variables (privacy and health records) and the criterion variable in research practice.
Conference papers on the topic "Granite – Nigeria"
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Oni, Babatunde. "Addressing the Socio-Economic Concerns of the Niger Delta Host Communities Through Local Content Policy; the Impact of Nigerias Local Participation Policy on Her Investment Climate." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207210-ms.
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Abstract Objective and scope This paper aims to establish that proper resource management and governance within the Nigerian oil and gas industry, more specifically, her local participation policy, which focuses on adequately addressing the social and economic concerns of the host communities in oil producing regions of Nigeria, particularly in the Niger Delta, will ultimately lead to more secure and sustainable economic development and a more attractive investment climate for Nigeria. Methods Procedure, process This research study will employ an analytical approach, more specifically qualitative analysis, in analyzing the interplay between the various factors which have birthed low oil and gas productivity in the Niger delta region of Nigeria and how proper application of Nigeria's local participation policy can influence the circumstances and yield positive result. The research study will rely heavily on available literature and legislative enactments, as well as available case law on the issues concerned. The primary sources in the collection of materials for this paper will comprise of journals, books, and articles which address the relevant research questions guiding the scope of this paper. Results, Observation, conclusion Nigeria's local content policy, just like many other governmental policies in Nigeria, has been criticized as being vulnerable to corruption as a result of the manifest lack of transparency in the Nigerian oil and gas industry, and local content has already been labelled as a potential victim of capture as a result of this dearth in transparency. It is imperative that the broad discretionary powers granted to the local content monitoring board, and the minister of petroleum by the provisions of the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry Content Development Act, be utilized in a manner devoid of parochial ethnic sentiments or political interest, in order for Nigeria to properly take advantage of the economic development benefits provided by the proper implementation of local content policy. The long term benefits of local content policy such as technology transfer, long term fiscal incentives, and the growth of local commerce and industry, will go a long way in setting Nigeria on a plain path to sustainable economic growth and better resource management. It is important that the Nigerian government play its role in driving local content policy by facilitating Nigerian enterprises to take active part in the local content programs, as well as keep tabs and monitor the effectiveness of local content policy in achieving its targets. New or additive information to the industry Proper implementation of Local Content policy in Nigeria will be beneficial, not just for the host communities but for the rest of the country, as well as for all investors in the Nigerian oil and gas industry, by providing thousands of employment opportunities for the locals, as well as providing a much needed technology transfer which will result in a structural transformation of not just the local manufacturing industries in Nigeria but the entire Nigerian oil and gas industry as well; thus addressing a major aspect of the social and economic concerns of the local people, and also giving Nigeria's economy a much needed boost towards achieving sustainable development in her natural resources sector.
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Egbeyemi, Abdurrafii, Amobichukwu Jude Eke, and Aminu Abba Yahaya. "Examining the Carbon Trading Potential in Nigerian Oil Fields." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207100-ms.
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Abstract Nigeria holds reserves circa 200 TCF of gas, the largest gas reserve in Africa. With this comes the challenge of managing the environmental impacts of flaring associated with oil production. The Federal Government of Nigeria in recognition of the urgency to address the growing environmental concerns attending gas flaring in Nigeria and response to its commitment made further to the endorsement of UNFCC's Paris Agreement and the Zero Routine Flaring by 2030 initiative by the World Bank declared a national flare out target of 2020. In 2016, the Federal Executive Council approved the implementation of the Nigerian Gas Flare Commercialization Programme (NGFCP) which was the flagship programme for the implementation of the Government's flare-out policy. The programme seeks to, via a competitive and transparent bid process, grant the right to access the gas at the flare-stack. The issues of relevance to this study include – The development and subsequent enactment of new regulations guiding the treatment of flare gas in Nigerian oilfields – The regulations implemented a new flare payment regime adopting the polluter pays principle which internalized to a significant extent the environmental cost of flaring thereby motivating a behavioral change by operators. Also, the recognition of the carbon benefits that will follow the implementation of projects under the NGFCP and the stance of the government that any such benefits will be vested in the state. This study examines the carbon trading potentials of flare gas in Nigeria. This is key because players in the sector now seek all revenue opportunities that accrue to the implementation of flare down/ out project. In doing so, Carbon benefits now feature among potential revenue streams. This study models several composition scenarios to quantify the extent (if any) of any such benefits. The study also examines gas use cases and their carbon sequestration potentials to create a realistic band estimating the carbon benefits that will emanate from all use scenarios.
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Pokharel, Prabhas, Brett Gleitsmann, Salah Chafik, Candice Heberer, Myf Ma, Chris Tan, Zaiming Yao, and Vijay Modi. "Data-driven local planning at national scale: How data collected on mobile phones enable a Conditional Grants Scheme in Nigeria." In 2014 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ghtc.2014.6970294.
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Vincent, Olufunke, Olusegun Folorunso, and Ayodele Akinde. "Agent-Based Advert Placement System for Broadcasting Stations." In InSITE 2009: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3335.
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Adverts are used to make services and products known to its likely users or consumers in a very easy and dynamic way. These have become one major medium which business, organization or establishment could function effectively in a competitive environment. Manufacturers and organizations use adverts as a means of reaching their intending customers, as regards the goods and services they make available. Adverts therefore serve as agents between organizations and customers. In this paper, a mobile agent based model that would help its users to place timely and effective adverts is described. This is done to aid advert placement in television stations and it is implemented using Nigerian Television stations as case study. Agent moves from one host to another to make enquiry and place adverts. This model is designed with the assumption that each of the host grants access to the mobile agents.
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Santos, Edgleidson Silva dos, Valeria Bentes Ferreira, Nicollas Tomás De Aquino Motta, Fabricia Duarte Omena, Cintia Da Silva Luiz, and Rodrigo Antonio Torres Matos. "ETIOLOGIA DAS INFECÇÕES FÚNGICAS DE CÃES E GATOS." In I Congresso On-line Nacional de Clínica Veterinária de Pequenos Animais. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1864.
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Introdução: As infecções fúngicas ocorrem com grande frequência na rotina clínica de pequenos animais, devido a fatores como resposta imune do hospedeiro e ampla distribuição do agente no ambiente. Estas infecções são conhecidas como micoses, sendo classificadas como superficiais, subcutâneas e sistêmicas. Objetivo: Objetivou-se com presente trabalho identificar os fungos isolados de amostras clínicas de cães e gatos com infecções fúngicas. Material e métodos: No período de setembro/2020 a março/2021, realizou-se o levantamento das fichas e laudos dos animais relacionados aos casos de infecções fúngicas, obtidos no Centro de Diagnostico Veterinário (VETLAB). A partir das análises dos arquivos, obteve-se dados como raça, sexo e idade. Além disso, foi possível identificar os micro-organismos isolados por meio de amostras colhidas. Resultados: Foram avaliados 52 animais, sendo 57,6% (30/52) cães e 42,4% (22/52) felinos. Os cães possuíam idades entre três meses a 15 anos e os felinos de um mês a oito anos. Em relação aos cães os de maiores incidências no período foram das raças Yorkshire e SRD com 16,66% (5/30), Spitz e Pug com 13% ( 4/30), Pinscher e Chiuahua 6,6% ( 2/30) e os da raça Pastor Maremano, Bulldog Francês, Jack Russell Terrier, Branco, Maltês, Lulu da pomerânia, Dachshund e Bulldog Inglês com 3,33% (1/30) cada. Tiveram predominância nos felinos, SRD com 86,37% (19/22) e Persa com 13,63% (3/22). Destes 52 animais, foram colhidas amostras de pele, pelo e conduto auditivo. Houve maior ocorrência de Penicillium sp. 23,07% (12/52), Microsporum sp. 13,4% (7/52), Microsporum canis sp. 11,5% (6/52), Aspergillus niger 7,69% (4/52), Dermatófito e Malassezia sp. com 5,76% (3/52), Aspergillus sp. 3,84% (2/52), Trichophyton sp. 1,92% (1/52) e em 25% (13/52) das amostras não houve o crescimento fúngico. Conclusão: Diante dos resultados, observou-se que os fungos do gênero Penicillium sp. e Microsporum sp., foram mais prevalentes nas afecções fúngicas. Devido ao aumento das infeções, ressalta-se a importância da realização de cultura fúngicas e o antifungigrama, permitindo um melhor diagnóstico e adequação da alternativa terapêutica.