Journal articles: 'Granite – Nigeria'

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Imeokparia, E. G. "Geochemical evolution of the Jarawa Younger Granite complex and its related mineralization, northern Nigeria." Geological Magazine 122, no. 2 (March 1985): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800031071.

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AbstractThe Jarawa Younger Granite complex is composed of high silica alkali granites that were emplaced 161 Ma ago. The granites are characterized by high contents of Rb, Li, F, Sn, Nb, W above normal low-Ca granitic rocks and have typical S-type characteristics that are indicative of a substantial component of crustal melt.Mineralization in the complex is associated with the biotite granite which was emplaced as a sheet-like body at relatively shallow depth and occurs as disseminations and as greisen lodes and veins.Chemical studies of the granites have shown that the biotite granite represents a highly fractionated rock that crystallized from a residual magma from which the hornblende-biotite granite had previously crystallized. However the biotite granite is characterized by steep gradients in some minor and trace elements that apparently indicate that liquid-state differentiation and/or volatile complexing processes made significant contributions to their differentiation. Enrichment of Th, Li, Rb, Sn, W and Nb may be more closely linked to roofward migration of F.

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Akinola, Oluwatoyin O., Azman A. Ghani, and Elvaene James. "Petrography and Geochemical Characterization of a Granite Batholith in Idanre, Southwestern Nigeria." Sains Malaysiana 50, no. 2 (February 28, 2021): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5002-04.

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Idanre granite batholith in southwestern Nigeria contain three rock types, namely, Older granite undifferentiated (OGu), Older granite porphyritic (OGp) and Older granite fine-grained (OGf). The granitoids intruded into a basement rock of primarily migmatite gneiss. Petrography indicates that quartz, orthoclase, hornblende, and biotite are common to all members while microcline is more prominent in OGp and plagioclase is poorly represented in OGf. Despite minor differences in petrographic features, the granite units generally have similar geochemical relationships. The average SiO2 contents in OGp (70.49%), OGu (68.7%) and OGf (65.8%) are comparable to similar Pan-African suites located in eastern and northern Nigeria. Na2O+K2O-CaO versus SiO2 diagram shows all the granite members are calcic, K2O vs SiO2 plot classify the granites as high-K calcic alkali to shoshonitic. ANK vs ACNK plot indicatesthey are peraluminous. Plot of A/CNK vs SiO2 and K2O vs Na2O diagrams classified the rock as S-type granite. The granitoids are calc-alkaline with elevated Na2O (>2.6%) and Al/(Na2O+CaO) contents (OGu, 2.1-3.4; OGp, 2.4-3.1 and OGf, 2.2-2.9). The tectonic diagram (Rb vs (Y+Nb) indicatesthatthe batholith is Within Plate Granite (WPG.

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Oluyede, Kehinde, and Urs Klötzli. "Syn-collisional pan-African granite in the northern part Birnin Gwari schist belt in NW Nigeria." International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 8, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v8i2.31095.

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Syn-collisional granite in the northern part of the Birnin Gwari schist belt consists dominantly of granite and lesser granodiorite and quartzolite. Petrographic and ge¬ochemical data revealed three granite groups: the biotite-hornblende granite (quartzolite - BHG); the biotite granite (BG) and the biotite-muscovite granite (BMG). The rocks generally have calc-alkaline and high-K calc-alkaline affinities, and calc-alkalic to alkali-calcic, peraluminous and ferroan and magnesian geochemistry. They are characterized by LILE enrichment, high LREE fractionation factor [(La/Yb) (6.74 to 45.14] with weak to moderate negative Eu (Eu/Eu* = 0.38 to 0.62) and strong negative Nb, P and Ti anomalies. Variation in the behavior of lithophile elements (Ba, Sr and Rb) revealed diverse granite trend such as “high and low Ba-Sr”; “normal”, “anomalous” “strongly differentiated” and “granodiorite and quartz diorite” granite. Their display of similar trace elements and REE patterns suggest they are cogenetic. Major and trace element data indicate differentiation of a mafic magma and partial melting of crustal components inherited from shale-greywacke and quartzose sedimentary protoliths in volcanic arc and post collisional settings. The field and geochemical characteristics of this granite suggest that they are similar to other granites in schist belts in other parts of Nigeria, forming the lateral continuation of the same Pan-African magmatic belt.

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T, Aga, and Haruna A. I. "The field geology and petrography of the kofayi younger granite complex, central Nigeria." International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 7, no. 2 (July 22, 2019): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v7i2.29055.

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The Kofayi Younger Granite Complex is one of the several anorogenic alkaline Younger Granite Complexes that is located approximately 45 kilometres north east of Jos, Nigeria. The complex is found to comprise of felsic rocks like; biotite-granites, biotite microgranites and granodiorites. They are also found to be associated with mafic rocks like diorites which, at some portions have formed hybrid rocks. Quartz- feldspar- granites are the porphyritic rocks that found in the ring complex. The complex intrude the basement rocks of central Nigeria. Structural trends on these rocks suggest that they were controlled by some deep seated structures of the basement. Mineral suite identified include; fayalite, pyroxene, amphibole, k-feldspar, biotite, quartz, iron- oxide and accessory minerals like zircon, apatite, and allanite. Generally, the petrography of these rock samples reveal the presence of a mafic magma which has two pulses (a mafic and felsic pulse) of injection.

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Khairul Amri Kamarudin, Mohd, Musa Garba Abdullahi, Mohd Hariri Arifin, Roslan Umar, Muhammad Hafiz Md Saad, and Iya Garba. "Investigation of Road Bank Failures based on Mineralogical Composition Studies in Kano-Abuja Road Northern, Nigeria." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.34 (December 13, 2018): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.34.23852.

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This article investigated the general compositions of the areas (the road) including the geology, mineralogy, and geochemistry to explore the reason for the road failure. The zone is underlain basement (storm cellar) and sedimentary rocks of different textures, mineralogy, and geochemistry. The results implies that the areas that is most stable along the road portions is underlain by the granite-gneiss, granites, amphibole schist and quartz, schist and small sandstone while portions with the failures are underlain by mica schist, phyllite, and coarse-grained granite. It is apparently sure from this study that poor quality metasedimentary rocks constitute the formation of the failed portions. However, the high numbers of the sediment and sandstone present in the area that can easily be weathered due to the climate variation have increased the failure. In conclusion, the result will help the engineers during reconstruction of these parts need to be excavating deeply and replace with granite-gneiss, granites, amphibole schist and quartz for better result.

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Odedede, O. "Petrology of Exposed Basement Rocks around Shintaku of North Central Nigeria." Journal of Scientific Research 5, no. 3 (August 29, 2013): 489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i3.15233.

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The study area is part of the Basement Complex of North Central Nigeria. The study aims at identifying the rock types and interpretation of the structural elements. The major rock units in the area comprises of porphyritic granite, gneiss and schist. Structural evidence shows that the rocks are deformed and where intruded by the granite. Petrographic analysis reveals the existence of feldspar phenocrysts in a groundmass of quartz and biotite. The granite is composed of quartz (25-35%), plagioclase (15-20%), orthoclase (10-20%), microcline (5-25%), biotite (15-20%) and other accessory minerals. The granites displayed a porphyritic texture while the schist and gneisses exhibit planar and linear structures. Variation in structural trend and mineralogical composition is due to the series of deformational activities which has affected the rocks during geologic time. Keywords: Monzogranite; Porphyritic; Deformation; Fractionation. © 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i3.15233 J. Sci. Res. 5 (3), 489-497 (2013)

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Olarewaju, V. O. "Charnockite-granite association in SW Nigeria: rapakivi granite type and charnockitic plutonism in Nigeria?" Journal of African Earth Sciences (1983) 6, no. 1 (January 1987): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(87)90108-4.

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Mustapha, S., S. Suleman, S. R. Iliyasu, E. E. Udensi, Y. A. Sanusi, D. Dahuwa, and L. Abba. "INTERPRETATION OF AEROMAGNETIC DATA AND LANDSAT IMAGERY OVER THE NIGERIAN YOUNGER GRANITES IN AND AROUND KAFANCHAN AREA, NORTH-CENTRAL NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 4 (June 14, 2021): 323–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0404-489.

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In this research the lineaments of the Kafanchan area in North-central Nigeria were investigated in order to explore the mineralization zones of the area. Aeromagnetic data over Kafanchan and environs within the Younger Granite Province, in the North-Central Nigeria were collated and analyzed. The aeromagnetic map of the area was interpreted both qualitatively and quantitatively so as to identify the nature of the magnetic sources and the trends direction in the study area. The trend of the Total Magnetic Intensity (TMI) map is predominantly in NE-SW. The First Vertical Derivative (FVD) Lineaments Map was also correlated with LADSAT lineaments map and both maps agreed in most areas. The study area is characterized by predominant magnetic lineament trend in NE-SW direction and subordinate E-W direction. The result also shows that the most significant structural trends affecting the distribution of these magnetic anomalies in the study area is in NE-SW direction. The TMI map indicates that there are three major mineralization zones in the study area. The high magnetization contrast in the NE and SE parts of the study area correlates with the migmatite-gneiss, biotite-granites, granites and basalts which are associated with high magnetic contrasts. Also, the high magnetization contrast in the NW part of the area correlates with basalt and the biotite-granite. However, the predominant low magnetization contrast observed in the western half does not correlate with the basic igneous rock

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Raheem, Akeem Ayinde, Bolanle Deborah Ikotun, and S. Oyetunde Akinloye. "Effects of Granite Sourced from Selected Locations in Ogbomoso, Nigeria on the Properties of Concrete." Advances in Science and Technology 107 (June 28, 2021): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.107.113.

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Aggregates constitute 60 – 80% of total concrete constituents. The characteristics of concrete may be affected by the sources from which the aggregate was obtained. The effects of granite sourced from four selected locations within Ogbomoso, Nigeria; on the fresh and hardened properties of concrete were investigated. The granites were obtained from: Asafa (80 4.681 N and 40 20.781 E), Ola-jesu (80 13.591 N and 40 10.11 E), Igbo-ile (80 4.681 N and 40 19.571 E) and Apasu (80 14.961 N and 40 10.051 E). Sieve analysis, specific gravity, moisture content, Aggregate Crushing Value (ACV) and Aggregate Impact Value (AIV) of the granites were determined. The aggregates were used to produce concrete of two different mix ratio-1:2:4 and 1:3:6. Slump and compaction factor tests were carried out on fresh concrete and compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and water absorption on hardened concrete. The results indicated that granite obtained from Asafa and Ola-jesu exhibited improved characteristics over those sourced from Igbo-ile and Apasu and are more suitable for use in producing high-quality concrete.

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Déléris, J., A. Nédélec, E. Ferré, G. Gleizes, R. P. Ménot, C. K. Obasi, and J. L. Bouchez. "The Pan-African Toro Complex (northern Nigeria): magmatic interactions and structures in a bimodal intrusion." Geological Magazine 133, no. 5 (September 1996): 535–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800007822.

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AbstractThe Toro Complex is one of the Pan-African Older Granites of Nigeria, first described as a reversely zoned pluton made of a central dioritic mass surrounded by a broad granitic rim. It has been thoroughly reinvestigated both from the petrographic and structural points of view, with the help of systematic anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) measurements. The granite main body is a hornblende–biotite porphyritic monzogranite characterized by an early submagmatic fabric displaying a concentric pattern of foliations and west plunging lineations (stage 1). This fabric is overprinted by a later one due to solid-state strain along north-south subvertical dextral shear zones (stage 2). In the vicinity of the diorite, an evengrained granite displays magmatic structures that are contemporaneous with this strike-slip event. The diorite–granite contact is a complex zone where field, petrographic and geochemical data enable recognition of the effects of mixing and mingling between a mafic and a felsic magma. Tonalites cropping out within this contact zone are interpreted as hybrid rocks. The reverse zonation of the diorite itself is also the result of some hybridization process. Magmatic interactions mainly resulted from in situ infiltration of granitic liquid into the dioritic mass. The detailed history of this bimodal intrusion began with the emplacement of the granitic magma acquiring a first stage fabric. Before full crystallization of the granitic core, intrusion of the dioritic magma permitted reheating of the granitic magma that then crystallized with specific structural characters. The second stage structures, whether characterized by magmatic fabric near the diorite or by solid-state strain features in north–south shear zones elsewhere in the granite, are related to late Pan-African dextral strike-slip tectonics in the basement of northern Nigeria. The bimodal Toro Complex is therefore considered as a late Pan-African syntectonic pluton.

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Ogunyele, Abimbola Chris, Oladotun Afolabi Oluwajana, Iyanuoluwa Queen Ehinola, Blessing Ene Ameh, and Toheeb Akande Salaudeen. "Petrochemistry and petrogenesis of the Precambrian Basement Complex rocks around Akungba-Akoko, southwestern Nigeria." Materials and Geoenvironment 66, no. 3 (April 24, 2020): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rmzmag-2019-0036.

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AbstractField, mineralogical and petrochemical studies of the Precambrian Basement Complex rocks around Akungba-Akoko were carried out with the aim of determining their petrology, petrochemical characteristics and petrogenesis. The petrology of Akungba-Akoko area comprises migmatite, granite gneiss and biotite gneiss intruded by biotite granite, charnockite and minor felsic and basic rocks. Seventeen representative samples of the granite gneiss, biotite gneiss, biotite granite and charnockite were collected during field geological mapping of the area for petrographic and geochemical analyses. Modal mineralogy revealed that the granite gneiss, biotite gneiss and granite have assemblages of quartz + feldspar + mica + hornblende + opaques and are granitic in composition. The charnockite is characterized by anhydrous mineral assemblage of quartz + feldspar + biotite + hornblende + pyroxene + opaques. Petrochemical data of the rocks revealed that they are moderately to highly enrich in SiO2, sub-alkaline, peraluminous, magnesian to ferroan and calcic and have K/Rb < 283. The geochemical characteristics and discrimination of the rocks indicated that the granite gneiss and biotite gneiss are orthogneisses formed by metamorphism of igneous protoliths of granitic composition and the biotite granite and charnockite are of igneous/magmatic origin. The biotite granite, charnockite and the igneous protoliths of the biotite gneiss are I-type granitoids formed from crustal igneous-sourced melt(s), while the igneous protoliths of the granite gneiss is a S-type granitoid probably derived from shallow crustal or sedimentary-sourced melt(s). Tectonic discrimination of the rocks indicated that they were formed during a phase of magmatic activity related to collision and subduction.

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Kamale, H. I., J. M. El-Nafaty, A. O. Umaru, B. Shettima, and M. U. Obidiegwu. "Rare earth elements and stable sulphur (δ34s) isotope of baryte mineralization in Liji Area, Northern Benue trough, northeastern Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Technology 39, no. 3 (September 16, 2020): 687–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v39i3.6.

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The Liji area lithologically consists of inliers of granite and pegmatite members of the Pan-African granitoids surrounded by Cretaceous sedimentary deposits of Bima, Yolde, Pindiga and Gombe Formations. Epigenetic fracture-filling baryte mineralization hosted by granite, pegmatite and Bima Sandstone were delineated, sampled and analyzed for rare-earth elements (REEs) and stable sulphur isotope geochemistry. The REEs of the distal (unaltered) rocks indicated normal values (26.15-36.81 ppm) before mineralization was marked by enrichment of light rare-earth elements (LREEs) (27.94 ppm) relative to the heavy rare-earth elements (HREEs) (5.34 ppm) and negative Eu anomalies typical of calc-alkaline granites of Pan-African age. The baryte separates were marked by enriched LREEs and depleted HREEs with pronounced positive Eu anomalies indicating the invasion and consequent deposition of baryte-rich hydrothermal fluid under oxidizing conditions in the N-S and E-W striking fractures. Stable sulphur isotope of the baryte gives values that ranged from 18.3 - 19.8o/oo CDT indicating that the source of sulphur is from ocean water and not from magmatic, fresh water and connate water sources from the nearby granite, pegmatite and sandstone. Keywords: Baryte, Mineralization, Hydrothermal, Liji, REE, Sulphur-Isotope.

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Collins, William J., Hui-Qing Huang, Peter Bowden, and A. I. S. Kemp. "Repeated S–I–A-type granite trilogy in the Lachlan Orogen and geochemical contrasts with A-type granites in Nigeria: implications for petrogenesis and tectonic discrimination." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 491, no. 1 (May 3, 2019): 53–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp491-2018-159.

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AbstractThe classical S–I–A-type granites from the Lachlan Orogen, SE Australia, formed as a tectonic end-member of the accretionary orogenic spectrum, the Paleozoic Tasmanides. The sequence of S- to I- to A-type granite is repeated at least three times. All the granites are syn-extensional, formed in a dominantly back-arc setting behind a single, stepwise-retreating arc system between 530 and 230 Ma. Peralkaline granites are rare. Systematic S–I–A progressions indicate the progressive dilution of an old crustal component as magmatism evolved from arc (S-type) to proximal back-arc (I-type) to distal back-arc (A-type) magmatism. The alkaline and peralkaline A-type Younger granites of Nigeria were generally hotter and drier than the Lachlan A-type granites and were emplaced into an anhydrous Precambrian basement during intermittent intracontinental rifting. This geodynamic environment contrasts with the distal back-arc setting of the Lachlan A-type granites, where magmatism migrated rapidly across the orogen. Tectonic discrimination diagrams are inappropriate for the Lachlan granites, placing them in the wrong settings. Only the peralkaline Narraburra suite of the Lachlan Orogen fits the genuine ‘within-plate’ setting of the Nigerian A-type granites. Such discrimination diagrams require re-evaluation in the light of an improved modern understanding of tectonic processes, particularly the role of extensional tectonism and its geodynamic drivers.

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Orajaka, I. P. "Geochemistry of Kaffo Valley albite-riebeckite-granite, Liruei Granite ring-complex, northern Nigeria." Chemical Geology 56, no. 1-2 (July 1986): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(86)90112-9.

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Egesi, N., and J. I. Nwosu. "Dimension Stone: Exploration and Exploitation in parts of Lokoja, North-Central Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 24, no. 3 (April 23, 2020): 425–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v24i3.4.

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The study area Lokoja is the home to the confluence between Rivers Niger and Benue. Dimension stone is cut or quarried stone in accordance with specific dimensions, generally more abundant and are used in greater quantities than ore minerals in pavement and several other constructional activities. The objective of the paper is to present prospects and a lead of rocks in Lokoja area for the production of dimension stone. The rocks in the area are being quarried as aggregates or mined as dimension stone and they met quality parameters of the rocks which includes, must be durable, easy to quarry, work, cut and polish. The particular stones selected depend upon the local weathering conditions which can be determined by amounts of industrial gases present and availability of the rocks locally. The rocks identified are marbles, granite gneisses, migmatites and biotite granites. The granites are being quarried for aggregates, marbles are powdered for cement production while migmatites and granite gneisses were mined for dimension stone.The results of Rock Strength (MPA), Rock Class Factor and Swell Factor are within acceptable standard limits except for migmatites with RS 36%, RCF 7% and SF 1.25%, which is above the limit when compared with previous analysis of AAV 22.0%, ACV23.3%, AIV18%and Absorption 0.54% in Boki area. The dimension stone were separated by more precise and delicate techniques, such as diamond wire saws, diamond belt saws, in the mine the cut dimension stone width are 1m, while many are rectangular in shape. They occur in the same geologic setting of the basement complex of Northcentral Nigeria. In the area investment has been at relatively low stage more investment will significantly increase production of the dimension stone for local usage, export and economic growth. Keywords:Dimension stone, durable, available, maintenance, migmatite, Lokoja

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Bolarinwa, Anthony Temidayo, and Adewole John Adeola. "Geochemistry of Weathered Profiles over Syenite and Younger Granite in Pankshin Area, North Central Nigeria." Earth Science Research 6, no. 1 (December 12, 2016): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/esr.v6n1p63.

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Metallic ores of economic values often occur within profiles above basement rocks in tropical regions due to weathering and secondary enrichment. This study is carried out to determine the geochemistry and appraise the potential for metallic ore enrichment in the weathered profiles over Syenite and Younger Granite in Pankshin area. Top-soil, laterite and rock samples are collected from two lateritic profiles above Syenite and Younger Granite. The syenite rock is composed of alkali feldspars (perthite), nepheline, clinopyroxene, with minor amount of orthopyroxene, hornblende, plagioclase and few quartz grains, indicating oversaturation. The Younger Granite contains plagioclase feldspars, microcline, quartz, biotite, hornblende and reibeckite. Quartz (61.0%), kaolinite (32.0%) and microcline (7.0%) are the dominant minerals in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the decomposed rocks. The Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) of both rocks is generally >90. There are enhancements of V, Sc, Zr and TiO2 in the Syenite profile and Fe2O3, Zr, V and TiO2 in the Younger Granite profile as reflected in the Accumulation Factor (AF), loss and gain of elements (K), though the values were too low for ore mineralization except for iron and titanium in the Younger Granite profile.

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Imeokparia, Ebo Gab. "Geochemical evolution of the metaluminous and peraluminous granites of Ganawuri Younger Granite Complex, northern Nigeria." Journal of African Earth Sciences (1983) 5, no. 2 (1986): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(86)90010-2.

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Eziefula, Uchechi G., Hyginus E. Opara, and Bennett I. Eziefula. "Strength of concrete produced with different sources of aggregates from selected parts of Abia and Imo States of Nigeria." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 18, no. 5 (January 2, 2020): 1053–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-08-2019-0220.

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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the 28-day compressive strength of concrete produced with aggregates from different sources. Design/methodology/approach Coarse aggregates were crushed granite and natural local stones mined from Umunneochi, Lokpa and Uturu, Isuakwato, respectively, in Abia State, Nigeria. Fine aggregate (river sand) and another coarse aggregate (river stone) were dredged from Otammiri River in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. The nominal mix ratios were 1:1:2, 1:2:4 and 1:3:6, whereas the respective water–cement ratios were 0.45, 0.5, 0.55 and 0.6. Findings The compressive strength of granite concrete, river stone concrete and local stone concrete ranged 17.79-38.13, 15.37-34.57 and 14.17-31.96 N/mm2, respectively. Compressive strength was found to increase with decreasing water–cement ratio and increasing cement content. Practical implications Granite concrete should be used in reinforced-concrete construction, especially when a cube compressive strength of 30 N/mm2 or higher is required. Originality/value Granite concrete exceeded the target compressive strength for all the concrete specimens, whereas river stone concrete and local stone concrete failed to achieve the target strength for some mix proportions and water–cement ratios.

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Michael I, Oden,, and Udinmwen, Efosa. "Mesoscopic Structural Profile ofa Syn-Tectonic Granite, Southwestern Nigeria." IOSR Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics 2, no. 2 (2014): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0990-02226776.

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Egbuniwe, I. G., W. R. Fitches, M. Bentley, and N. J. Snelling. "Late pan-african syenite-granite plutons in NW nigeria." Journal of African Earth Sciences (1983) 3, no. 4 (January 1985): 427–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-5362(85)80085-3.

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Salati, Luqman Kareem, and Jacob Titilope Adeyemo. "A study on the physical and mechanical properties of a granite outcrop for a quarry at Onikoko community, Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria." Mining of Mineral Deposits 15, no. 1 (2021): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining15.01.027.

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Purpose. To investigate the physical and mechanical properties of a granite outcrop for a quarry at Onikoko community in Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria. Methods. Samples of granite rock were collected from the outcrop for the laboratory determination of their physical and mechanical properties required for determining its suitability for construction and engineering purposes, and the desired properties were determined. Findings. Results from the tests conducted on the granite samples indicated the various values of physical and mechanical properties of the outcrop in the study area. The results obtained are found to be within the acceptable international standards. Hence, the granite outcrop is found to be suitable for establishing a quarry in the study area based on the results obtained. Originality.The results in this study have affirmed the fact that granite rocks must possess adequate physical and mechanical characteristics to make them suitable for construction and engineering purposes. The physico-mechanical properties of the granite outcrop evaluated in this study having their values within the international standards attest to high strength cha-racterization of the granite rock. The life span of the proposed quarry is established to be forty years, which is also an indication of rich mineralization of the area. Practical implications. Results of this study can be a useful source of information to potential investors and policy makers for the establishment of a quarry in the study area. Hence, government’s attention can be drawn to the needs of the host community for the provision of basic infrastructures. Keywords: granite outcrop, physical and mechanical properties, quarrying operation

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Ettu, Obassi, Gundu D. T., Ashwe Abugh, and Akindele M. "Determination of Work Index of Enyigba Lead Ore, Ebonyi State, South-East Nigeria." Studies in Engineering and Technology 2, no. 1 (July 29, 2015): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/set.v2i1.987.

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The determination of work index of Enyigba Lead Ore, Ebony State using the modified bond energy (Berry & Bruce) method was investigated. The test sample was obtained from Enyigba village in Ebonyi State. A reference material (granite) was sourced from Anguwan-Boro granite deposit, Sabo, Kaduna metropolis. A known weight of reference and test material were crushed, pulverized and ground using the laboratory ball mill machine. The cell used in grinding the two samples has twelve steel balls of diameter 3.5cm and 222g weight. The size analysis of the feed for both reference and test material was found to be 218.2 and 218.6µm, and a ball mill discharge was 189.9 and 188.9µm respectively. The granite as a reference material with work index of 15.13kwh/ short ton was used to calculate the work index of the test material which was found to be 14.37kwh/short ton, being the energy required to comminute one tone of the ore and confirmed to be within the range indicated by previous research work on lead ore.

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Ibe, K. K., D. E. Ajakaiye, and S. B. Ojo. "Gravity interpretation of the Zaranda Younger Granite ring complex, Nigeria." Journal of African Earth Sciences (1983) 3, no. 1-2 (January 1985): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(85)90039-9.

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Adebayo, B. "Brittleness and Packing Density Effects on Blast-hole Cuttings Yield of Selected Rocks." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 6, no. 3 (June 12, 2016): 1000–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.655.

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This paper evaluates brittleness and packing density to analysis their effects on blast-hole cutting yield for three selected rocks in Nigeria. Brittleness test (S20) was carried out in accordance with Norwegian Soil and Rock Engineering and the Brittleness Index (BI) for the selected rocks were estimated. The packing density determined from the photomicrograph of the rock samples. The grain size of 45 blast-holes drill cuttings collected from three selected while drilling of these rocks were determined using standard method of America Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D 2487. The brittleness values are 50%, 44% and 42% for micro granite, porphyritic granite and medium biotite granite respectively. The result of BI varied from 10.32 – 11.59 and they are rated as moderately brittle rocks. The values of packing density varied from 92.20 – 94.55%, 91.00 -92.96% and 92.92 – 94.96% for all the rocks. The maximum weights of blast-hole particle size retained at 75 µm are 106.00g, 103.28 g and 99.76 g for medium biotite granite, micro granite and porhyritic granite respectively. Packing density values have correlation to some extent with (S20) values hence, this influence the yield of blast-hole cuttings as drilling progresses. The minimum weight of blast-hole cuttings particle size retained at 150 µm agrees with brittleness index classification for micro granite.

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Vincent, E., P. Dominic, and MM Kure. "Assessment of Geotechnical Parameters of Lateritic Soil of Jos and Environs, for Civil Engineering Constructions North Central part of Nigeria." NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES 3, no. 3b (November 15, 2020): 222–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/napas.209.

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Due to failures of Civil Engineering structures in Jos and its Environs, Geotechnical parameters of Lateritic soils were carried out in order to determine its engineering properties for civil engineering construction. The methods involved are; reconnaissance survey, site works, laboratory tests based on British Standard (BS) methods and interpretation of the results. The laboratory test of the soils revealed that the Atterberg limit; Liquid limit (LL) ranged from 33.0% to 45.0%, Plastic limit (PL) from 16.23% to 26.37%, and Plasticity index (PI) from 8.63% to 22.67%. The percentage passing from the Sieve analysis ranges from 31.62% to 67.66%. The cohesive strength (c) and angle of internal friction (ø) from direct shear test ranged from 13KN/m2 to 24KN/m2 and 9° to 26°. The values of the Total settlement (Pc) from the Consolidation test ranged from 0.0005m to 0.0019m, Soil pH from 5.2 to 7.8, Specific gravity (SG) from 2.57 to 2.73 and Natural Moisture Content (NMC) from 8.18% to 46.36%. From the compaction test; the Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) ranged from 15.22% to 20.60% and Maximum Dry Density (MDD) from 1.62g/cm3 to 1.84g/cm3. The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test for the soaked soils ranged from 21.0% to 93.0% and Un-soaked values from 50.75% to 96.61%. The findings reveal that; the geology of the area can be largely classified into granites (Biotite-microgranite, N’gell biotite-granite, Jos-biotite-granite and Aplo-pegmatitic granite-gneiss) and laterites. The geotechnical parameters of the soil are characteristically fair to poor, the strength and deformation of the soil reveals that it can mostly be used as a sub-base materials. The soil is classified as silty-clay, and the area need to be stabilized with cement, sand and gravel before carry civil engineering constructions. The results obtained will serve as base-line information for civil engineering construction in the study area in other to avoid structural damage.

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Adeola, Adewole John, and Abisola M. Oyebola. "Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Weathering Profiles above the Basement Rocks in Idi- Ayunre and Akure Districts, Southwestern Nigeria." Journal of Geography and Geology 8, no. 2 (March 16, 2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jgg.v8n2p15.

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Idi-ayunre and Akure areas are part of the basement complex of southwestern Nigeria and are predominantly consisted of gneisses, granite and migmatite with some minor quartz veins and pegmatite. These rocks have been greatly weathered to form clay, laterite and soils.Chemical analysis were carried out on basement rocks and exposed profiles. The weathering profile was subjected to X ray diffraction (XRD) analysis to determine mineralogical compositions whereas Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) was calculated from the elemental concentrated data.Weathering of basement rocks in Idi-Ayunre and Akure districts resulted in the formation of soil layer which ranged 0-0.4m, laterite layer 1.2-2.2m, and clayey zone 3.8-6.6m. Quartz, plagioclase, microcline, and biotite were the main minerals in parent rocks. Some of the primary minerals such as biotite and K-feldspar have been weathered to form kaolinite. Quartz, kaolinite and goethite formed the dominant minerals revealed by X-ray diffraction on decomposed granite sequences. The results from chemical analysis showed that Al and Fe have been enriched in weathering profiles of banded gneiss, migmatite gneiss and porphyritic granite whilst on the other hand Ca, Mg, Mn, Na, K, Ti were reported to be depleted.. Silica was relatively stable from basement to the topsoil in the profile. The CIA generally ranged between 80 - 99The lateritic profiles over banded gneiss, granite and porphyritic granite of Idi-Ayunre and Akure areas varied with the composition of the parent rocks. The thick clayey layers could be of great economic importance for the production of ceramics wares and for constructional purposes.

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Kamaunji, Vandi Dlama, Lian-Xun Wang, Hafizullah Abba Ahmed, Yu-Xiang Zhu, Victor Ikechukwu Vincent, and Musa Bala Girei. "Coexisting A1 and A2 granites of Kudaru Complex: implications for genetic and tectonic diversity of A-type granite in the Younger Granite province, north-central Nigeria." International Journal of Earth Sciences 109, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 511–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00531-020-01818-8.

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ALABI, A. A., and O. OLOWOFELA. "ESTIMATION OF SOURCE PARAMETERS IN IBADAN, SOUTH â€“ WESTERN NIGERIA USING DIGITIZED AEROMAGNETIC DATA." Journal of Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology 14, no. 2 (July 30, 2018): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.51406/jnset.v14i2.1751.

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Airborne magnetic data covering geographical latitudes of 7000â€ŸN to 7030â€ŸN and longitudes of 3 30â€²E to 4 00â€²E within Ibadan area were obtained from Nigeria Geology Survey Agency. The data were ana-lyzed to map the sub surface structure and the source parameters were deduced from the quantitative and qualitative interpretation of magnetic data. The upward continuation technique was used to de-emphasize short â€“ wavelength anomaly while the depth to magnetic sources in the area was deter-mined using local wavenumber technique, the analytic signal was also employed to obtain the depths of the magnetic basement. Analysis involving the local wavenumber, upward continuation and appar-ent magnetic susceptibility techniques significantly improves the interpretation of magnetic data in terms of delineating the geological structure, source parameter and magnetic susceptibility within Iba-dan area.. These depth ranges from 0.607km to 2.48km. The apparent susceptibility map at the cut-off wavelength of 50 m ranges from -0.00012 to 0.00079 which agree with the susceptibility value of some rock types; granite gneiss, migmatite biotite gneiss, biotite muscovite granite, hornblende granite, quartz and schists. The result of the local wavenumber suggests variation along the profiles in the surface of magnetic basement across the study area.

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Adeola, Adewole John, and Emmanuel Tamunobelema Tubonemi. "Mineralogical and Geochemical Trends in the Residual Soils above Basement Rocks in Ore Area, Southwestern Nigeria." Journal of Geography and Geology 9, no. 3 (August 30, 2017): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jgg.v9n3p42.

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Residual clays and laterite of economic values often occur within weathering profiles above basement rocks in tropical regions due to supergene enrichment and leaching of liable components. Previous studies in Ore area mainly on geochemistry of the basement rocks with scanty information on the weathered profiles. This study was carried out to determine the compositional characteristics of the basement rocks, the geochemical trends within the profiles above the parent rocks and the evaluation of their economic potentials.Petrographic study was carried out on thin sections of the rock samples. Elemental compositions of the rocks, clay, laterite, and top-soil were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). Clay mineralogy was determined using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. Chemical index of Alterations (CIA) was calculated from geochemical data.Weathering of granite and banded gneiss in Ore resulted in the formation of soil layer, which ranged 0-0.5m, laterite 1.2-3m and clayey zone 2.9-3.0m. Quartz, plagioclase feldspars, microcline, biotite and hornblende were the essential minerals in the parent rocks. Granite and banded gneiss is high SiO2 (>65%) but low in MgO (<2.0%) and CaO (<4.0%). Kaolinite (60-80%), goethite (3-12%) and microcline (4-10%) were the dominant minerals in the XRD of the weathering profiles. Traces of illite were present only in granite. The CIA was generally > 85 indicating advanced state of weathering producing lateritic soil. The lateritic profiles over granite and banded gneiss of Ore area varied with the composition of the parent rocks. The clay layer has economic potential for ceramics, fertilizer and structural wares.

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Kanouo, Nguo Sylvestre, David Richard Lentz, Khin Zaw, Charles Makoundi, Emmanuel Afanga Archelaus Basua, Rose Fouateu Yongué, and Emmanuel Njonfang. "New Insights into Pre-to-Post Ediacaran Zircon Fingerprinting of the Mamfe PanAfrican Basement, SW Cameroon: A Possible Link with Rocks in SE Nigeria and the Borborema Province of NE Brazil." Minerals 11, no. 9 (August 30, 2021): 943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11090943.

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The pre- to post-Late Neoproterozoic geological histories in the south to southwestern part of Mamfe Basin (SW Cameroon) were reported following analysis of the zircon crystals from their host rocks. A genetic model was developed for the zircon host rocks’ formation conditions, and the registered post-emplacement events were presented. The obtained ages were correlated with the data available for rocks in the Cameroon Mobile Belt, SE Nigeria, and the Borborema Province of NE Brazil. Separated zircons from Araru black to whitish gneiss, Araru whitish-grey gneiss, and Mboifong migmatite were analyzed for their morphology and texture U-Th-Pb composition, and U-Pb ages. Published U-Pb zircon ages for Otu granitic pegmatite, Babi mica schist, and Nkogho I-type anatectic granite were updated. Zircon ages in Araru black to whitish gneiss; Araru whitish-grey, Mboifong migmatite, Babi mica schist, Nkogho I-type anatectic granite, and Otu granitic pegmatite date the Eburnean tectono-magmatic/metamorphic event in Cameroon and SE Nigeria. The Late Paleoproterozoic to Early Mesoproterozoic ages record extensional (continental rift) settings and anorogenic magmatism in the Borborema Province in the NE of Brazil. These ages date collisional phases between the São Francisco–Congo and West African cratons and the Saharan metacraton with metamorphism and magmatism in Cameroon. They also date the Kibarian tectono-magmatic/metamorphism and PanAfrican tectono-magmatic/metamorphism in SE Nigeria. The Late Paleoproterozoic to Early Mesoproterozoic ages date the Cariris Velhos orogeny in the Borborema Province in NE Brazil, with Early Tonian crustal rifting, magmatism, and metamorphism and the collisional phase of the Brasiliano orogeny with syn-collisional plutons and extensive shear zoning and post-collisional granite intrusions.

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Adamu, A., and A. L. Ahmed. "Investigations on radioelements occurrences in rocks in Kakuri Area of Kaduna North West, Nigeria." Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 25, no. 2 (September 6, 2019): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjpas.v25i2.6.

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Detailed investigations on Radioelements occurrences in rocks in Kakuri Area Kaduna North West Nigeria were carried out in this work using Geochemical ground follow-up methods. The methods employed include Atomic Absorption Spectrometric (AAS) and Assay of rock samples from the area. Fresh rock samples were collected with hammer and identified as follows: Granite gneiss, Granite, Migmatites and Gneiss. Analysis was made on the powdered rock samples and histograms were plotted to determine the activity of Radioelement concentrations: Potassium, Thorium and Uranium in each of the samples analyzed. Results of the investigations showed high concentration of potassium (40K) and other Radioelements, thorium and uranium in the area. Generally, the results delineate the three Radioelements in terms of their anomaly pattern within the study area.Keywords: Geochemical Survey; Aeroradiometric Anomaly; Fresh Rocks; Radioelements and Kakuri Area

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Olagoke, Akinola O., Azman A. Ghani, and Elvaene James. "Rare Earth Elements and Fractionation of Zr-Hf and Y-Ho: Implication to Petrogenesis of Idanre Granite, Nigeria." Sains Malaysiana 50, no. 4 (April 30, 2021): 919–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5003-04.

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Idanre area which is situated within the Nigerian shield is affected by orogenic activities accompanied by emplacement of Pan-African granitoids. This paper presents a new information on geochemical behaviour of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) and High Field Strength Elements (HFSEs) Zr-Hf and Y-Ho that can explain post magmatic processes relating to the origin and evolution of the Idanre granite. Zr-Hf, Hf-(Zr/Hf) and Y-Ho, (Y/Ho)-Ho variation diagrams depicted similar mobility and migration patterns for Zr, Hf, Y and Ho. Binary plots of Log Zr/Hf vs Log Hf, Log Y/Ho vs Log Ho; high LREE/HREE and negative Eu anomaly shows extensive plagioclase and calcic amphibole fractionation. High Ce/Yb values 113.49, 134.97, and 123.6 reflects low partial melting in the source rocks. Similar Zr/Hf ratios 39.16; 39.3 and 43.26 for members of the granite suite suggest a common source for the minimally differentiated magmatic fluid. Y/Ho ratios of 27.15, 27.12 and 25.91 indicate that the rock units are comagmatic. Mean Zr/Hf (41.69) and Y/Ho (27.18) ratios indicate the host migmatite may be the source rock for the Idanre granite complex.

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Aga, T, Haruna, and A. I. "The Petrogenesis and Tectonic Setting of SaraFier Younger Granite Complex, Central Nigeria." Journal of scientific research 64, no. 01 (2020): 08–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37398/jsr.2020.640102.

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Kaur, Olufemi Julius Ayodele. "Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Granite Quarrying Operations at Ikole-Ekiti, Nigeria." International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis 2, no. 6 (2014): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16.

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T, Aga, and Haruna A.I. "The Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of the Kofayi Younger Granite Complex, Central Nigeria." International Journal of Geoinformatics and Geological Science 6, no. 3 (September 25, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23939206/ijggs-v6i3p101.

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Funtua, Idris Isa. "EDXRF Analysis of Pyrochlore Ore from an Albite–Riebeckite Granite in Nigeria." Instrumentation Science & Technology 32, no. 5 (December 27, 2004): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/ci-200029798.

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37

Ogunyele, Abimbola, Olatunde Adegbuyi, Miracle Odindu, and Tunde Erinfolami. "Geochemical Characteristics and Petrogenesis of Basement Rocks in Idoani Area, Ondo State, Southwestern Nigeria." International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 5, no. 2 (October 28, 2017): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v5i2.8377.

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Idoani area of Ondo State is an extension of the Upper Proterozoic Igarra Schist Belt of the Southwestern Nigerian Basement Complex. The area comprises mainly of metasedimentary rocks with subordinate amount of intrusives. Quartz-mica schist, phyllite, quartzite and banded gneiss are the dominant rock types in the area. These metasediments are intruded by the Older granite and other minor intrusives (pegmatite, aplite, dolerite dyke, quartz vein). Idoani rocks, as revealed by petrographic studies, are rich in quartz, alkali and plagioclase feldspars and mica with a low amount of opaque minerals. Geochemical studies and petrochemical variation diagrams show that the rocks are sub-alkaline, medium-K calc-alkaline to shoshonitic, peraluminous, and characterized by intermediate-high silica content and low-moderate amount of mafic oxides. Petrological and geochemical studies revealed that the quartz-mica schist and phyllite are metapelites while the quartzite is a meta-arkose, derived from a granitic – quartz-monzonitic source. The banded gneisses were probably derived from a hybrid sedimentary–igneous protoliths while the granite is of magmatic origin.

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Akinfemiwa, Akanbi Olanrewaju. "Groundwater Occurrence from Hydrogeomorphological Study of Hard Rock Terrain of Part of Southwestern Nigeria." Materials and Geoenvironment 65, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rmzmag-2018-0011.

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Abstract Studies of structural and hydrogeomorphological units (HGU) that are indicators of groundwater occurrence were carried out across an area extent of more than 700 km2 within the hard rock terrain of southwestern Nigeria. These studies integrated geological remote sensing techniques (RST) and geographical information system (GIS) methods to generate thematic maps that included elevation, drainage, lineaments and vegetation index for characterising the attributes of groundwater occurrence across the area. The results revealed that the lineament system is mainly rectilinear with major trends of NNW-SSE and NE-SW on the gneiss, NW-SE and NE-SW on porphyritic granite and NNE-SSW, NW-SE and E-W on migmatite. The discharge zones in the area are the lowland terrains underlain by gneiss and amphibolite. Similarly, variably directional discontinuities that are related to rock contacts are equally laden with groundwater. Conversely, the recharge areas are the high-lying terrains characterised by higher fracture density and underlain by porphyritic granite and migmatite. Additionally, there are evidences of groundwater seepage along the major river channels. Therefore, besides the rock structures, landform is another crucial factor that guides groundwater distribution in the study area.

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Aga, T., and A. I. Haruna. "The Field and Petrographic Studies of the Sara-Fier Granite Suite, Central Nigeria." Online Journal of Earth Sciences 13, no. 1-4 (December 31, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36478/ojesci.2019.1.9.

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40

Ofoegbu, Charles O., and Karin Hein. "Analysis of magnetic data over part of the Younger Granite Province of Nigeria." Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH 136, no. 2-3 (July 1991): 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00876370.

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41

Abaa, S. I. "Some geochemical characteristics of alkaline rocks of the Mada Younger Granite complex, Nigeria." Journal of African Earth Sciences (1983) 3, no. 1-2 (January 1985): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(85)90030-2.

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42

Badejoko, Thompson A. "Unusual titanium-rich oxide mineral from peralkaline granite of Kigom complex, Northern Nigeria." Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East) 7, no. 4 (1988): 703–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(88)90119-4.

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43

Ige, O. A., O. A. Ige, O. A. Ige, S. O. Olabanji, S. O. Olabanji, S. O. Olabanji, D. Ceccato, D. Ceccato, and D. Ceccato. "PIXE analysis of muscovite samples from tourmaline bearing granite pegmatites of Southwestern Nigeria." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 268, no. 1 (April 2006): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-006-0122-9.

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44

Babatunde, Adebayo. "Development of rock bitwear models for selected rocks in Nigeria using dominant rock properties." World Journal of Engineering 12, no. 4 (August 1, 2015): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1708-5284.12.4.331.

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This work deals with the development of wear rate models for some selected rocks in Nigeria. Rock samples obtained were tested for chemical composition, point load strength index, uniaxial compressive strength, and porosity in the laboratory. These properties were correlated with wear rate. The results of statistical correlation matrix revealed that silica content, point load strength index, uniaxial compressive strength, porosity, Equivalent Quartz Content (EQC), rebounds hardness value and circularity factor are dominant rock properties affecting bit wear having high coefficient of correlation. These rock properties were used for development of regression model to predict wear rate for each of the selected rocks. The regression equation for predicting bit wear rate of porphyritic hornblende-granite is WG = 0.135 – 0.001 Is50 – 0.002EQC – 0.007n, the regression model has multiple correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.992 (99.2%), which means that 99.2% of the variation in wear rate can be attributed to variation in point load strength Index (Is50), Equivalent Quartz Content (EQC) and porosity (n) of porphyritic hornblende-granite. The results of comparison between field measured wear rate and simulated wear rate followed the same trend and the coefficient of correlation between wear rate (dependent variable) and regression standard predicted value is R2 = 0.99, which suggest that the models are valid.

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45

Ogbonna, P. C., N. P. Ukpai, and E. A. Ubuoh. "Assessment of particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10) in air, elemental composition of granite and weather parameters at a quarry site in Ngwogwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology 4, no. 1 (March 2020): 182–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2020.01.0199.

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The World Health Organization opined that suspended particulate matter (e.g. PM2.5, PM10) are affecting more people worldwide than any other pollutant. This study aimed to determine the status of particulate matter, elemental composition of granite and weather parameters via sampling and analysis of samples from different locations at quarry site in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The highest concentrations of Pb (2.00±0.05 mg/kg), Zn (6.85±0.06 mg/kg), Mn (94.21±0.13 mg/kg), Fe (3,461.65±3.61 mg/kg), Ca (5.41±0.01 %) and K (0.24±0.02 %) in different sizes of granites were recorded in dust particles. The order of abundance of the elemental composition in granites is: Fe > Mn > Zn > Ca > Mg > Pb > Co > As > Na > K. The highest temperature (45.88±0.53 °C) and relative humidity (49.05±0.21 %) was recorded close to the conveyor belt and walk way to pit, respectively. The concentration of PM2.5 (69.00±1.41 µg/m3) and PM10 (2,829.50±12.02 µg/m3) were highest at the chippings deposition cum collection point. The concentration of PM2.5 is higher than the permissible limit set by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and World Health Organization (WHO). The concentration of PM10 is substantially above the permissible limit set by WHO. This suggest that quarry workers, and the wider community are subjected to prevailing environmental health threat. This emphasizes the need for rigorous implementation of existing environmental legislations established to protect the environment and public health.

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Ferré, E. C., R. Caby, J. J. Peucat, R. Capdevila, and P. Monié. "Pan-African, post-collisional, ferro-potassic granite and quartz–monzonite plutons of Eastern Nigeria." Lithos 45, no. 1-4 (December 1998): 255–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0024-4937(98)00035-8.

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Ixer, R. A., J. R. Ashworth, and C. M. Pointer. "Accessory mineralogy of the Ririwai biotite granite, Nigeria, and its albitized and greisenized facies." Geological Journal 22, S2 (1987): 403–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gj.3350220626.

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Orosun, Muyiwa Michael, Mojisola Rachael Usikalu, Kayode John Oyewumi, and Justiina Ada Achuka. "Radioactivity levels and transfer factor for granite mining field in Asa, North-central Nigeria." Heliyon 6, no. 6 (June 2020): e04240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04240.

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49

Abaa, S. I. "The structure and petrography of alkaline rocks of the Mada Younger Granite complex, Nigeria." Journal of African Earth Sciences (1983) 3, no. 1-2 (January 1985): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(85)90029-6.

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50

Smulikowski, W. "Spessartine rich garnet-bearing metasomatic rock within jos biotite granite, north of Bukuru, Nigeria." Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East) 14, no. 1 (January 1992): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(92)90058-k.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Granite – Nigeria'

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