Relevant bibliographies by topics / Granular materials High pressure (Science)

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Granular materials High pressure (Science)'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Granular materials High pressure (Science)"

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PENG, JIEGANG, S. XUE, Z. YAN, X. WU, and L. ZHAN. "INVESTIGATION OF HIGH-COERCIVITY FePt-C NANOGRANULAR FILMS FOR PERPENDICULAR MAGNETIC RECORDING (PMR) MEDIA." Nano 06, no. 06 (December 2011): 569–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179329201100286x.

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In this work, we studied FePt-C nanogranular films for ultrahigh-density perpendicular recording media towards 1 Tbits/in2 because they have high magnetocrystalline anisotropy at its L10-phase. We deposit Fe 52 Pt 48- C 50% (7.2 nm) films on oxidized silicon substrates at 400°C and various Ar pressures. Results show that at the Ar pressure of 0.50 Pa, the FePt-C granular film has the best granular structure and MH loop shape with a perpendicular coercivity of 20 kOe. The average grain size of the optimized film is 6.4 ± 1.5 nm. We studied the thermal stability of the optimized film and obtained the energy barrier Eb of 340kBT at room temperature, meaning excellent thermal stability as magnetic recording media.
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Stasiak, Mateusz, Marek Molenda, Maciej Bańda, Józef Horabik, Joanna Wiącek, Piotr Parafiniuk, Justyna Wajs, et al. "Friction and Shear Properties of Pine Biomass and Pellets." Materials 13, no. 16 (August 12, 2020): 3567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13163567.

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Knowledge on the mechanical properties of granular biomass is important for the design and efficient operation of equipment used for handling, storage, and processing. Their mechanical properties are used as a measure of material quality. In this study, the mechanical properties of granular biomass obtained from pines (sawdust, shavings, long shavings, and pellets) were determined under a moisture content range of 10–50%. The coefficient of sliding friction µ of four construction materials was determined using a 210-mm-diameter direct shear tester (Jenike’s shear box). To measure the shear resistance of the biomass materials (represented as torque T), a prototype vane tester was constructed. The characteristics of shear resistance with respect to time T(t) were determined for material samples under normal pressure p ranging from 5 to 30 kPa and a vane rotation rate of 3 rpm. Measurements were performed for five geometries of the rotor, reflecting typical deformation conditions encountered in the processing of granular biomass. The coefficient of sliding friction was found to be affected by the type of material, moisture content, and normal compressive pressure. Depending on the biomass material, the highest µ, which ranged from 0.50 to 0.62, was obtained for black steel, whereas the lowest µ, which ranged from 0.27 to 0.52, was obtained for aluminum. The lowest coefficient of sliding friction was observed for dry materials and high normal pressure. The torque T was observed to be affected by the rotor shape, material, normal pressure, and moisture content. The parameters presented provide information useful for the design of transport equipment and processing of granular wood biomass.
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Moussa, Amrane, Messast Salah, and Demagh Rafik. "Improvement of a Hypoplastic Model for Granular Materials Under High-Confining Pressures." Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 38, no. 4 (March 11, 2020): 3761–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10706-020-01256-y.

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Cai, Yuanqiang, Jingyu Chen, Zhigang Cao, Chuan Gu, and Jun Wang. "Influence of Grain Gradation on Permanent Strain of Unbound Granular Materials under Low Confining Pressure and High-Cycle Loading." International Journal of Geomechanics 18, no. 3 (March 2018): 04017156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gm.1943-5622.0001054.

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Njoya, M., M. Basitere, and S. K. O. Ntwampe. "Treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater using a down-flow expanded granular bed reactor." Water Practice and Technology 14, no. 3 (June 5, 2019): 549–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2019.039.

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Abstract This study evaluated the performance of a novel high rate anaerobic bioreactor system for the treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW). The new system consisted of a granule-based technology operated in a down-flow configuration, with the assistance of medium-sized pumice stones used as packing materials for the retention of the anaerobic granules, to avoid challenges associated with the use of the three-phase separator of up-flow systems and the washout of the anaerobic biomass. Furthermore, a recycling stream was applied to the system to improve the mixing inside the Down-flow Expanded Granular Bed Reactor (DEGBR), i.e. the influent distribution to the granular biomass, and the implementation of intermittent fluidization when required to alleviate the effects of pressure drop in such systems. The DEGBR was operated under mesophilic conditions (30–35 °C) and achieved total chemical oxygen demand (tCOD), five-day biological oxygen demand and total suspended solids average removal percentages >95%, and a fats, oils and grease average removal percentage of 93.67% ± 4.51, for an organic loading rate varying between 1.1 to 38.9 gCOD/L.day.
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Lee, Wei-Chang, Chang-Lin Tu, Chang-Yueh Weng, and Shyan-Lung Chung. "A novel process for combustion synthesis of AlN powder." Journal of Materials Research 10, no. 3 (March 1995): 774–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1995.0774.

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A SHS process has been established for synthesis of AlN powder under low nitrogen pressures. Al and NaN3 powders were used as the metal and nitrogen sources, respectively. The compact of the mixture of the reactants was wrapped up with aluminum foil and then wrapped up with an igniting agent (i.e., Ti + C). The synthesis reaction was triggered by the combustion of the igniting agent. The wrappings were found necessary in achieving high product conversions under low nitrogen pressures (<1 MPa). The product conversion was also affected by the reactant composition and the nitrogen pressure. High conversions were obtained when the mass ratio of Al to NaN3 was 1/2 or lower and the nitrogen pressure was 0.5 MPa or higher. The AlN powders as synthesized were observed to have two major types of morphology, i.e., granular particles with 0.5–3 μm in diameter and fibers with aspect ratios of 10–800.
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Wells, Tony, Stephen Fityus, David W. Smith, and Hlwan Moe. "The indirect estimation of saturated hydraulic conductivity of soils, using measurements of gas permeability. I. Laboratory testing with dry granular soils." Soil Research 44, no. 7 (2006): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr06037.

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A comprehensive knowledge of soil hydraulic conductivity is essential when modelling the distribution of soil moisture within soil profiles and across catchments. The high spatial variability of soil hydraulic conductivity, however, necessitates the taking of many in situ measurements, which are costly, time-consuming, and labour-intensive. This paper presents an improved method for indirectly determining the saturated hydraulic conductivity of granular materials via an in situ gas flow technique. The apparatus employed consists of a cylindrical tube which is embedded in the soil to a prescribed depth. Nitrogen at a range of pressures was supplied to the tube and allowed to escape by permeating through the soil. A 3-dimensional, axisymmetric, steady-state, finite element flow model was then used to determine the value of the soil intrinsic gas permeability which produces the best fit to the pressure–air flow data. Saturated hydraulic conductivities estimated from the application of the gas flow technique to 5 granular soils covering a wide range of permeabilities were in close agreement with values determined using a conventional permeameter. The results of this preliminary study demonstrate the potential of this approach to the indirect determination of saturated hydraulic conductivity based on measurement of gas flow rates in granular and structured soils.
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Sadler, L. Y., and M. Shamsuzzoha. "Response of silicon carbide to high-intensity laser irradiation in a high-pressure inert gas atmosphere." Journal of Materials Research 12, no. 1 (January 1997): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1997.0022.

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α–SiC (hexagonal) pressed powder targets were heated with a highly focused beam of CO2 laser radiation to temperatures in excess of 3200 °C in an oxygen- and water-free argon atmosphere. The argon pressure was maintained at greater than 100 atm to prevent vaporization of any liquid formed. This pressure was estimated to be several times greater than the total vapor pressure above a liquid solution of carbon and silicon. After a 30 s period at temperature, the heating was abruptly terminated. The 1 mm diameter region most affected on the surface of the SiC targets consisted of a central crater from which all SiC had been vaporized. The crater walls consisted of an amorphous carbon phase which acted as a matrix for fibrous graphite and granular silicon. Beyond the crater wall, the microstructure changed to that of various polytypes of hexagonal SiC, with the grains being equiaxed and smaller than those of the starting SiC powder, an indication that melting, followed by formation of a finer grain structure on abrupt cooling, may have occurred. Still farther from the crater, the microstructure was characterized by β-silicon (cubic) particles of spherical morphology and of larger size than the starting SiC powder, a response typical of solid state sintering. Even further from the crater, the structure was α-SiC, and the grain size was nearly the same as that of the starting material. The particles were lightly bonded together at points of contact between them, indicating only light sintering.
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Ringeisen, Damien, Martin Losch, L. Bruno Tremblay, and Nils Hutter. "Simulating intersection angles between conjugate faults in sea ice with different viscous–plastic rheologies." Cryosphere 13, no. 4 (April 9, 2019): 1167–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1167-2019.

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Abstract. Recent high-resolution pan-Arctic sea ice simulations show fracture patterns (linear kinematic features or LKFs) that are typical of granular materials but with wider fracture angles than those observed in high-resolution satellite images. Motivated by this, ice fracture is investigated in a simple uni-axial loading test using two different viscous–plastic (VP) rheologies: one with an elliptical yield curve and a normal flow rule and one with a Coulombic yield curve and a normal flow rule that applies only to the elliptical cap. With the standard VP rheology, it is not possible to simulate fracture angles smaller than 30∘. Further, the standard VP model is not consistent with the behavior of granular material such as sea ice because (1) the fracture angle increases with ice shear strength; (2) the divergence along the fracture lines (or LKFs) is uniquely defined by the shear strength of the material with divergence for high shear strength and convergent with low shear strength; (3) the angle of fracture depends on the confining pressure with more convergence as the confining pressure increases. This behavior of the VP model is connected to the convexity of the yield curve together with use of a normal flow rule. In the Coulombic model, the angle of fracture is smaller (θ=23∘) and grossly consistent with observations. The solution, however, is unstable when the compressive stress is too large because of non-differentiable corners between the straight limbs of the Coulombic yield curve and the elliptical cap. The results suggest that, although at first sight the large-scale patterns of LKFs simulated with a VP sea ice model appear to be realistic, the elliptical yield curve with a normal flow rule is not consistent with the notion of sea ice as a pressure-sensitive and dilatant granular material.
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Othmani, Hammouda, Lamine Hassini, Raja Lamloumi, and Mohamed Afif El Cafsi. "Modelling of heat and mass transfer in a granular medium during high-temperature air drying. Effect of the internal gas pressure." Comptes Rendus Mécanique 344, no. 2 (February 2016): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crme.2015.12.003.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Granular materials High pressure (Science)"

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Zhou, Fuping. "Creeping flow behavior of dense granular materials under high confinement pressure." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 197 p, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1172112591&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Delaware, 2006.
Principal faculty advisors: Suresh G. Advani, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, and Eric D. Wetzel, Army Research Laboratory. Includes bibliographical references.
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Almström, Linda, and Camilla Söderström. "Alternative materials for high-temperature and high-pressure valves." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för teknik- och naturvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-7393.

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AB SOMAS Ventiler manufactures valves for different applications. A valve of type DN VSSL 400, PN 100, used in high-temperature and high-pressure applications was investigated in this thesis. This type of valve is coated with high cobalt alloys to achieve the tribological properties needed for this severe condition. However there is a request from AB Somas Ventiler to find another solution. This request is based on the fact that demands on higher temperatures, from customers, yields higher requirements on the material. It is also a price issue since cobalt is quite expensive. Materials investigated were high-nitrogen steel, Vanax 75, nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718 and hardened steels, EN 1.4903 and EN 1.4923 presently used as base material in the valve. Calculation of contact pressure that arises when the valve is closed was first approached by using finite element method (FEM). Several models were constructed to show the behavior of the valve during closing in terms of deformation. Hot wear tests, in which a specimen was pressed against a rotating cylinder, were performed to be able to compare the materials to the solution of today and among each other. Data extracted from the tests were compiled in the form of coefficients of friction. Profilometer examinations were used to reveal the volumes of worn and adhered material and together with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the wear situation for each material couple could be assessed. Wear mechanisms detected in SEM were adhesive and abrasive and the results clearly showed that the steels were not a good solution because of severe adhesive wear due to the similarity of mating materials creating a more efficient bonding between the asperities. Vanax 75 showed much better performance but there was still an obvious difference between the steels and the superalloy in terms of both coefficient of friction and amount of wear. On this basis, Inconel 718 was selected as the most suitable material to replace the high cobalt alloys used in the valves today.
AB Somas ventiler är ett företag som tillverkar ventiler för ett brett spann av applikationer. I det här examensarbetet har undersökningar genomförts på en ventil av modell DN VSSL 400, PN 100, som normalt används i applikationer för höga tryck och höga temperaturer. Ventilen beläggs i dagsläget med höghaltiga koboltlegeringar för att uppnå de tribologiska egenskaper som krävs i de påfrestande arbetsförhållanden som råder. AB Somas Ventiler har dock framfört en förfrågan om att hitta en alternativ lösning, en förfrågan som grundar sig i att kundernas ständiga önskemål på att ventilerna ska klara högre arbetstemperaturer också medför högre krav på ventilmaterialen. Det är även en prisfråga, då kobolt är en dyr legering att använda sig av. De material som inkluderades i undersökningen var det kvävelegerade stålet Vanax 75, nickelbaserade superlegeringen Inconel 718 samt de två stålen EN 1.4903 och EN 1.4923 i härdat tillstånd. De två sistnämnda används idag som basmaterial i ventilen. Genom att använda den finita element metoden (FEM) kunde en första beräkning göras av det kontakttryck som uppstår då ventilen stängs. Flera modeller konstruerades för att simulera ventilens deformation vid stängning. Där efter utfördes nötningstester i hög temperatur på de alternativa materialen, genom att låta en provbit pressas mot en roterande cylinder, för att sedan kunna göra en jämförelse mellan materialen och även med den nuvarande lösningen. Från nötningstesterna erhölls data som kunde användas för att ta fram friktionskoefficienter för de olika materialparen. Med hjälp av undersökningar med profilometer och svepelektronmikroskop (SEM) kunde värden på nötta och vidhäfta volymer erhållas tillsammans med information om nötningssituationer för ytorna mellan de olika materialparen. De nötningsmekanismer som påvisades med hjälp av SEM-undersökningen var adhesiv och abrasiv nötning, och resultaten visade tydligt att nötningen av stålen var omfattande, på grund av att lika material i kontakt med varandra skapar starkare band mellan ytorna, och att de därför inte var en intressant lösning. Det kvävelegerade Vanax 75 uppförde sig visserligen bättre men en tydlig skillnad mot superlegeringarna kunde dock fortfarande konstateras, sett till både friktionskoefficient och mängden slitage. Baserat på dessa resultat valdes Inconel 718 som det bäst lämpade materialet att ersätta de höghaltiga koboltlegeringarna som idag används i ventilen.
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Berger, Stephanie 1981. "Experimental and finite element analysis of high pressure packer elements." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28879.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 30).
Packer elements are traditionally rubber seals that can operate under specified downhole conditions and provide a seal for either a short-term, retrievable, or a long-term, permanent, completion. In this case a retrievable 19.7cm (7-3/4") packer element for a high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) environment was designed and tested. The element created a seal between the mandrel, or tubing, and the casing. At high temperature and pressure rubber needs to be contained so that it will create and maintain an energized seal. In this study only Aflas rubber was tested. Various backup systems were examined; some more traditional designs such as the carbon steel foldback ring were compared to more experimental ideas. Results of theoretical simulations were compared to actual test results in order to gain a greater understanding of element behavior. Experiments were also performed to study the process of element setting, which is difficult to observe due to the high pressures and temperatures required. In a related study alternative materials to rubber such as annealed high-conductivity oxygen-free copper were tested to determine if the properties could be applied for packer element applications. The most successful design was the foldback ring with an anti-extrusion PEEK ring under the gage ring. This design passed a liquid test at 134 MPa (19.5k psi) differential pressure and a gas test at 87.6 MPa (12.7k psi) differential pressure. New designs such as the split ring with mesh and the garter spring with mesh did not pass fixture tests but could be successful with further modifications. FEA was used as an analytical tool to create simulations of the element after a setting force is applied. The modeling was shown to correlate to the actual test results and therefore it would be a good tool to use in future studies.
by Stephanie Berger.
S.M.
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Laukli, Hans Ivar. "High Pressure Die Casting of Aluminium and Magnesium Alloys : Grain Structure and Segregation Characteristics." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Materials Technology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-379.

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Cold chamber high pressure die casting, (HPDC), is an important commercial process for the production of complex near net shape aluminium and magnesium alloy castings. The work presented in the thesis was aimed at investigating the microstructure formation in this type of casting. The solidification characteristics related to the process and the alloys control the formation of grains and defects. This again has a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the castings.

The investigations were carried out mainly using the AM60 magnesium alloy and the A356 aluminium alloy. Two different casting arrangements were used: the cold chamber HPDC and the gravity die casting methods, which allowed for different flow and solidification conditions. The microstructures in the castings were investigated using optical microscopy, image analysis, scanning electron microscopy, electron back scatter diffraction measurements and electron probe microanalysis.

In the HPDC experiments, the shot sleeve solidification conditions were investigated primarily by changing the melt superheat on pouring. This significantly affected the microstructures in the castings. The fraction of externally solidified crystals (ESCs) was consistently found to be largest near the gate in both the AM60 and the A356 die castings. This was attributed to the inherent shot sleeve solidification conditions and the flow set up by the plunger movement. When the superheat was increased, a lower fraction of ESCs was found in the castings. Furthermore, a high superheat gave ESCs with branched dendritic/elongated trunk morphology whilst a low superheat generated coarser and more globular ESCs, both in the AM60 and the A356 castings. The ESCs typically segregated towards the central region of the cross sections at further distances from the gate in the die castings.

When a thin layer of thermal insulating coating was applied on the shot sleeve wall in the production of AM60 die castings, it nearly removed all ESCs in the castings. Using an A356 alloy, (and no shot sleeve coating), with no Ti in solution gave a significantly lower fraction of ESCs, whereas AlTi5B1 grain refiner additions induced an increase in the fraction of ESCs and a significantly finer grain size in the castings. The formation of globular ESCs was enhanced when AlTi5B1 grain refiner was added to the A356 alloy.

In controlled laboratory gravity die casting experiments, typical HPDC microstructures were created by pouring semi-solid metal into a steel die: The ESCs were found to segregate/migrate to the central region during flow, until a maximum packing, (fraction of ESCs of ~35-40%), was reached. The extent of segregation is determined by the fraction of ESCs, and the die temperature affects the position of the ESCs. The segregation of ESCs was explained to occur during flow as a result of lift forces.

The formation of banded defects has also been studied: the position of the bands was affected by the die temperature and the fraction of ESCs. Based on the nature of the bands and their occurrence, a new theory on the formation of defect bands was proposed: During flow the solid distribution from the die wall consists of three regions: 1) a solid fraction gradient at the wall; 2) a low solid fraction region which carries (3) a network of ESCs. A critical fraction solid exists where the deformation rate exceeds the interdendritic flow rate. When the induced stress exceeds the network strength, deformation can occur by slip, followed by liquid flow. The liquid flow is caused by solidification shrinkage, hydrostatic pressure on the interior ESC network, and gaps forming which draw in liquid.

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Davis, Sergio. "Atomistic Computer Simulations of Melting, Diffusion and Thermal Defects in High Pressure Solids." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Tillämpad materialfysik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11027.

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The present work describes the use of atomistic computer simulations in the area of Condensed Matter Physics, and speci cally its application to the study of two problems: the dynamics of the melting phase transition and the properties of materials at extremely high pressures and temperatures, problems which defy experimental measurements and purely analytical calculations. A good sampling of techniques including classical and rst-principles Molecular Dynamics, and Metropolis Monte Carlo simulation have been applied in this study. It includes the calculation of melting curves for a wide range of pressures for elements such as Xe and H2, the comparison of two di erent models for molecular interactions in ZrO2 with respect to their ability to reproduce the melting point of the stable cubic phase, the study of the elastic constants of Fe at the extreme conditions of the Earth's inner core, and the stability of its crystalline phases. One of the most interesting results in this work is the characterization of di usion and defects formation in generic models of crystalline solids (namely Lennard-Jones and Embedded-atom) at the limit of superheating, including the role they play in the triggering of the melting process itself.
QC 20100708
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Ramaswamy, Raghupathy. "Thermal behavior of food materials during high pressure processing." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1190122901.

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Jin, Sheng. "Silicon carbide pressure sensors for high temperature applications." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1296096110.

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Steele, Brad A. "Computational Discovery of Energetic Polynitrogen Compounds at High Pressure." Scholar Commons, 2018. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7232.

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High-nitrogen-content energetic compounds containing multiple N-N bonds are an attractive alternative towards developing new generation of environmentally friendly, and more powerful energetic materials. High-N content translates into much higher heat of formation resulting in much larger energy output, detonation pressure and velocity upon conversion to large amounts of non-toxic, strongly bonded N2 gas. This thesis describes recent advances in the computational discovery of group-I alkali and hydrogen polynitrogen materials at high pressures using powerful first-principles evolutionary crystal structure prediction methods. This is highlighted by the discovery of a new family of materials that consist of long-sought after all-nitrogen N􀀀 5 anions and metal or hydrogen cations. The work has inspired a resurgence in the efforts to synthesize the N􀀀 5 anion. After describing the methodology of first-principles crystal structure prediction, several new high-nitrogen-content energetic compounds are described. In addition to providing information on structure and chemical composition, theory/simulations also suggests specific precursors, and experimental conditions that are required for experimental synthesis of high-N pentazolate EMs. To aid in experimental detection of newly synthesized compounds, XRD patterns and corresponding Raman spectra are calculated for several candidate structures. The ultimate success was achieved in joint theoretical and experimental discovery of cesium pentazolate, which was synthesized by compressing and heating cesium azide CsN3 and N2 precursors in a diamond anvil cell. This success highlights the key role of first-principles structure prediction simulations in guiding experimental exploration of new high-N energetic materials.
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Osorio, Guillén Jorge Mario. "Density Functional Theory in Computational Materials Science." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Physics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4496.

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The present thesis is concerned to the application of first-principles self-consistent total-energy calculations within the density functional theory on different topics in materials science.

Crystallographic phase-transitions under high-pressure has been study for TiO2, FeI2, Fe3O4, Ti, the heavy alkali metals Cs and Rb, and C3N4. A new high-pressure polymorph of TiO2 has been discovered, this new polymorph has an orthorhombic OI (Pbca) crystal structure, which is predicted theoretically for the pressure range 50 to 100 GPa. Also, the crystal structures of Cs and Rb metals have been studied under high compressions. Our results confirm the recent high-pressure experimental observations of new complex crystal structures for the Cs-III and Rb-III phases. Thus, it is now certain that the famous isostructural phase transition in Cs is rather a new crystallographic phase transition.

The elastic properties of the new superconductor MgB2 and Al-doped MgB2 have been investigated. Values of all independent elastic constants (c11, c12, c13, c33, and c55) as well as bulk moduli in the a and c directions (Ba and Bc respectively) are predicted. Our analysis suggests that the high anisotropy of the calculated elastic moduli is a strong indication that MgB2 should be rather brittle. Al doping decreases the elastic anisotropy of MgB2 in the a and c directions, but, it will not change the brittle behaviour of the material considerably.

The three most relevant battery properties, namely average voltage, energy density and specific energy, as well as the electronic structure of the Li/LixMPO4 systems, where M is either Fe, Mn, or Co have been calculated. The mixing between Fe and Mn in these materials is also examined. Our calculated values for these properties are in good agreement with recent experimental values. Further insight is gained from the electronic density of states of these materials, through which conclusions about the physical properties of the various phases are made.

The electronic and magnetic properties of the dilute magnetic semiconductor Mn-doped ZnO has been calculated. We have found that for an Mn concentration of 5.6%, the ferromagnetic configuration is energetically stable in comparison to the antiferromgnetic one. A half-metallic electronic structure is calculated by the GGA approximation, where Mn ions are in a divalent state leading to a total magnetic moment of 5 μB per Mn atom.

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Widehammar, Svante. "A Method for Dispersive Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar Analysis Applied to High Strain Rate Testing of Spruce Wood." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Materials Science, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-2872.

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En metod för dispersiv analys av försök med delad hopkinsonstång tillämpad på provning av granved vid hög töjningshastighet

Syftet var att etablera en metod för att studera sambandet mellan spänning och töjning för granved vid hög töjningshastighet. Detta åstadkoms genom att anpassa och något vidareutveckla tekniken med delad hopkinsonstång ("Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar", SHPB).

Vanligtvis har hopkinsonstavar cirkulärt tvärsnitt och en diameter som är mycket mindre än de verksamma våglängderna. Under sådana förhållanden är vågutbredningen i stängerna approximativt ickedispersiv, och en endimensionell (1D) vågutbredningsmodell kan användas. När det, som är fallet i denna studie, däremot inte kan säkerställas att stängernas tvärdimensioner är små i förhållande till våglängderna, är en helt igenom 1D vågutbredningsmodell otillräcklig, och tvärsnittets geometri, vilken var kvadratisk i denna studie, måste beaktas. Därför utvecklades med hjälp av Hamiltons princip en approximativ 3D vågutbredningsmodell för stänger med godtyckligt tvärsnitt. Modellen ger ett dispersionssamband (vågtal som funktion av vinkelfrekvens) samt medelvärden för förskjutningar och spänningar över gränsytorna mellan stänger och provstav. En kalibreringsprocedur utvecklades också.

Provning av granved genomfördes vid hög töjningshastighet (omkring 103 s-1) med den anpassade SHPB-tekniken, samt för jämförelse vid låg (8×10-3 s-1) och måttlig (17 s-1) töjningshastighet med en servohydraulisk provningsmaskin. Fukthalterna i veden motsvarade ugnstorr, fibermättnad och fullständig mättnad, och proven utfördes i radiell, tangentiell och axiell riktning i förhållande till trädets stam. För vart fall utfördes fem försök vid rumstemperatur. Resultaten visar töjningshastighetsberoendet för sambandet mellan spänning och töjning för granved under alla studerade förhållanden.


The aim was to establish a method for studying the relation between stress and strain in spruce wood at high strain rate. This was achieved by adapting and somewhat further developing the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) technique.

Hopkinson bars usually have a circular cross-section and a diameter much smaller than the operative wavelengths. The wave propagation in the bar is then approximately non-dispersive and a one-dimensional (1D) wave propagation model can be used. When, as in this study, it is not certain that the transverse dimensions of the bars are small in relation to the wavelengths, a solely 1D wave propagation model is insufficient and the geometry of the cross-section, which was square in this study, must be taken into account. Therefore, an approximate 3D wave propagation model for bars with arbitrary cross-section was developed using Hamilton's principle. The model provides a dispersion relation (wavenumber vs. angular frequency) and average values for displacements and stresses over the bar/specimen interfaces. A calibration procedure was also developed.

Tests on spruce wood specimens were carried out at a high strain rate (about 103 s-1) using the adapted SHPB technique, and for comparison at low (8×10-3 s-1) and medium (17 s-1) strain rates using a servohydraulic testing machine. The moisture contents of the wood specimens corresponded to oven dry, fibre saturated and fully saturated, and the testing was performed in the radial, tangential and axial directions relative to the stem of the tree. In each case, five tests were run at room temperature. The results show the strain rate dependence of the relation between stress and strain for spruce wood under all conditions studied.

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Books on the topic "Granular materials High pressure (Science)"

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Winter, R., and J. Jonas, eds. High Pressure Chemistry, Biochemistry and Materials Science. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1699-2.

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Eremets, M. I. High pressure experimental methods. Oxford: Oxford University, 1996.

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D, Hochheimer Hans, and North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Scientific Affairs Division., eds. Frontiers of high pressure research II: Application of high pressure to low-dimensional novel electronic materials. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.

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NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Frontiers of High-Pressure Research (2nd 2001 Pingree Park, Colo.). Frontiers of high pressure research II: Application of high pressure to low-dimensional novel electronic materials. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.

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Techniques in high pressure neutron scattering. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis, 2012.

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International, School of Physics "Enrico Fermi" (2001 Varenna Italy). High pressure phenomena =: Fenomeni ad alte pressioni. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2002.

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International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi" (2001 July 1-13 Varenna, Italy). High pressure phenomena: Varenna on Como Lake, Villa Monastero, 3-13 July 2001. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2002.

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J, Oonk H. A., and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Equilibrium Between Phases of Matter: Supplemental Text for Materials Science and High-Pressure Geophysics. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012.

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A, Trzeciakowski Witold, Uniwersytet Wrocławski im. Bolesława Bieruta. Instytut Fizyki Doświadczalnej., Polska Akademia Nauk. High Pressure Research Center., and EHPRG Conference (33rd : 1995 : Warsaw, Poland), eds. High pressure science & technology: Proceedings of the joint XV AIRAPT & XXXIII EHPRG international conference, Warsaw, Poland, September 11-15, 1995. Singapore: World Scientific Pub., 1996.

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J, Jonas, Winter R, and NATO Advanced Study Institute on High Pressure Molecular Science (1998 : Il Ciocco, Italy), eds. High pressure molecular science. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Granular materials High pressure (Science)"

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Pasternak, Moshe P., and R. Dean Taylor. "High Pressure Mössbauer Spectroscopy." In Mössbauer Spectroscopy in Materials Science, 349–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4548-0_32.

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Wetscher, F., Bao Hui Tian, Richard Stock, and Reinhard Pippan. "High Pressure Torsion of Rail Steels." In Materials Science Forum, 455–60. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-985-7.455.

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Omidvar, Mehdi, Stephan Bless, and Magued Iskander. "Recent Insights into Penetration of Sand and Similar Granular Materials." In Shock Wave and High Pressure Phenomena, 137–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23002-9_5.

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Molnár, Dániel, Jenő Dúl, and Richárd Szabó. "Simulation of High Pressure Die Casting Solidification." In Materials Science Forum, 555–60. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-991-1.555.

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Sakai, Genki, Katsuaki Nakamura, Zenji Horita, and Terence G. Langdon. "Application of High Pressure Torsion to Bulk Samples." In Materials Science Forum, 391–98. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-985-7.391.

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Sanloup, Chrystele. "Amorphous Materials at High Pressure." In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics, 459–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9258-8_37.

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McMillan, Paul F. "High-Pressure Synthesis of Materials." In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics, 373–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9258-8_30.

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Wijngaarden, Rinke J., E. N. Eenige, J. J. Scholtz, D. Tristan Jover, and R. Griessen. "Ultra high pressure experiments on high-Tc superconductors." In High Pressure Chemistry, Biochemistry and Materials Science, 121–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1699-2_6.

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Verbetsky, V. N. "Metal Hydrides at High Pressure." In Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry of Metal Hydrides, 245–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0558-6_23.

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Lumley, Roger N., R. G. O'Donnell, D. R. Gunasegaram, and M. Givord. "Blister Free Heat Treatment of High Pressure Die-Casting Alloys." In Materials Science Forum, 351–58. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-408-1.351.

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Conference papers on the topic "Granular materials High pressure (Science)"

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Watkins, Megan F., and Richard D. Gould. "Effect of Flow Rate and Particle Size on Heat Transfer to Dense Granular Flows." In ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2016 Power Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2016-59258.

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The increasing demand for renewable energy sources necessitates the development of more efficient technologies. Concentrated solar power (CSP) towers exhibit promising qualities, as temperatures greater than 1000°C are possible. The heat transfer fluid implemented to capture the sun’s energy significantly impacts the overall performance of a CSP system. Current fluids, such as molten nitrate salts and steam, have limitations; molten salts are limited by their small operational temperature range while steam requires high pressures and is unable to act as an effective storage medium. As a result, a new heat transfer fluid composed of ceramic particles is being investigated, as ceramic particles demonstrate no practical limit on operation temperature and have the ability to act as a storage medium. This study sought to further investigate the use of dense granular flows as a new heat transfer fluid. Previous work validated the use of such flows as a heat transfer fluid; the present work examined the effect of flow rate, as well as the particle size and type on the heat transfer to the particle fluid. Three different types of particles were tested, along with two different diameter particles. Of the three materials tested, the particle type did not appear to effect the heat transfer. Particle diameter, however, did effect the heat transfer, as a smaller diameter particle yielded slightly higher heat transfer to the fluid. Flow rates ranging from 30 to 200 kg/m2-s were tested. Initially, the heat transfer to the flow, characterized by the convective heat transfer coefficient, decreased with increasing flow rate. However, at approximately 80 kg/m2-s, the heat transfer coefficient began to increase with increasing flow rate. These results indicate that a dense granular flow consisting of small diameter particles and traveling at very slow or fast flow rates yields the best wall to “fluid” heat transfer.
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Couture, Simon, Eric E. Fullerton, and Vitaliy Lomakin. "Properties of high-frequency granular magnetic materials." In 2015 USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/usnc-ursi.2015.7303351.

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Gray, G. T. "Shock-loading response of advanced materials." In High-pressure science and technology—1993. AIP, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.46050.

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Ruuskanen, P. R., A. A. Kiiski, and O. Heczko. "Microstructure of dynamically compacted amorphous materials." In High-pressure science and technology—1993. AIP, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.46057.

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Yang, Wenbo, and Thomas J. Ahrens. "Oblique impact jetting of geological materials." In High-pressure science and technology—1993. AIP, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.46229.

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Lomonosov, Igor’ V., Aleksey V. Bushman, Vladimir E. Fortov, and Konstantin V. Khishenko. "Caloric equations of state of structural materials." In High-pressure science and technology—1993. AIP, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.46458.

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Mashimo, Tsutomu. "Shock compression of ceramic materials: Yielding property." In High-pressure science and technology—1993. AIP, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.46209.

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Matsumoto, Yoshihiro, Kazuyuki Matsubayashi, Yoshiya Uwatoko, Masahiko Hiroi, Yoshifuru Mitsui, and Keiichi Koyama. "Magnetic properties of Mn1.9Cu0.1Sb under high pressure." In FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE (FMS2015): Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Frontiers in Materials Science. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4961338.

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Johnson, Gordon R., and Tim J. Holmquist. "An improved computational constitutive model for brittle materials." In High-pressure science and technology—1993. AIP, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.46199.

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Lanzerotti, M. Y. D., J. Autera, J. Pinto, and J. Sharma. "Crystal growth of energetic materials during high acceleration using an ultracentrifuge." In High-pressure science and technology—1993. AIP, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.46081.

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