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Academic literature on the topic 'Granulopoïèse'
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Journal articles on the topic "Granulopoïèse"
Donadieu, Jean, Blandine Beaupain, and Christine Bellanné-Chantelot. "Granulopoïèse et leucémogenèse." médecine/sciences 24, no. 3 (2008): 284–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2008243284.
Full textManz, Markus G. "La multiplication par la division: homéostasie des cellules souches sanguines et granulopoïèse d’urgence." Forum Médical Suisse ‒ Swiss Medical Forum 16, no. 1819 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.4414/fms.2016.02664.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Granulopoïèse"
Le, Guyader Dorothée. "Origines et caractérisation des granulocytes neutrophiles chez l'embryon de Danio rerio : analyses de mutants affectés dans la granulopoïèse." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066201.
Full textAstori, Audrey. "Caractérisation fonctionnelle du facteur nucléaire RINF au cours de l’hématopoïèse normale et pathologique." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T101.
Full textDuring hematopoiesis, hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) differentiation is orchestred by different signals, able to stimulate cell proliferation of quiescent cells, and their commitment in the different hematopoietic lineages. These process are regulated by transcription factors activation, as well by epigenetic mecanisms. By a microarray approach, we have identified a novel retinoid-responsive gene (CXXC5) encoding a Retinoid-Inducible Nuclear Factor (RINF) that plays an essential role during in vitro human hematopoiesis. Indeed, expression studies and gene silencing experiments both demonstrate RINF requirement during in vitro terminal differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells (NB4, HL60), but also during normal myelopoiesis of bone marrow progenitors (CD34+ HSPC cells in presence of cytokines). In the present study, we demonstrate that in cell lines, RINF overexpression provokes an earlier myeloid differentiation under retinoids treatement and slow-downs erythroid maturation induced by hemin whereas its down-regulation accelerates erythroid terminal differentiation. In normal CD34+ HSCP, we demonstrated that RINF down regulation (1) promotes differentiation in erythroid lineage at the expense of granulocyte lineage, and (2) accelerates terminal erythroid differentiation. Overexpression, contribute to promote myeloid pathway even though cells are in erythroid conditions. Because of its role during hematopoiesis regulation and its gene localization in 5q31.2, we investigated CXXC5/RINF expression in primary human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells derived from 594 patients. A wide variation in CXXC5/RINF mRNA levels was observed in the immature leukemic myeloblasts. Furthermore, patients with low-risk cytogenetic abnormalities showed significantly lower levels compared to patients with high-risk abnormalities, and high RINF/CXXC5/ mRNA levels were associated with decreased overall survival for patients receiving intensive chemotherapy for newly diagnosed AML. CXXC5/RINF knockdown in AML cell lines caused increased susceptibility to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis, and regulation of apoptosis also seemed to differ between primary human AML cells with high and low RINF expression. The association with adverse prognosis together with the antiapoptotic effect of CXXC5/RINF suggests that targeting of CXXC5/RINF should be considered as a possible therapeutic strategy, especially in high-risk patients who show increased expression in AML cells compared with normal hematopoietic cells
Lauret, Evelyne. "Contribution à l'étude du contrôle humoral de la détermination de la différenciation des cellules souches hématopoiétiques pluripotentes (CFU-s) chez la souris." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112310.
Full textStudies have been carried out in mice to investigate mechanisms of cell differenciation, in particular the determination of the pluripotent haemopoietic stem cell (CFU-S) towards one cell lineage. The method employed is the histological analysis of spleen colonies formed by stem cells 10 days after injection into irradiated mice. Changes in the proportions of colonies of different types as the result of perturbation of haemopoiesis must necessarily reflect a change in the determination of the pluripotent stem cells. A study of the effect of repeated administration of cytosine arabinoside demonstrated a preferential shift in CFU-S determination towards granulopoiesis and megakaryocytopoiesis. In addition, the serum of mice treated in this way contains humoral factors capable, in vitro, of alter determination toward granulopoiesis. These factors have been called pluripoietis G and have been shown to be secreted by the spleen and probably other tissues. These results support the suggestion for a humoral control of CFU-S determination which has been proposed for erythropoiesis in our laboratory. The production of specific pluripoietis for erythroid and granulocytic cell lineages would appear to be under a feedback control at least in part on the relative proportions of unipotents cells in each line of differentiation
Craig, Morgan. "Improving the use of G-CSF during chemotherapy using physiological mathematical modelling : a quantitative systems pharmacology approach." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15909.
Full textDose-limitation or interruption of chemotherapeutic treatment is most often prompted by a decrease in circulating neutrophils, the most abundant white blood cell in the human body. Myelosuppression, or a reduction in absolute neutrophil counts (ANCs) by anti-cancer treatments, is precipitated by the nonspecific killing effect of chemotherapeutic drugs which have toxic effects on noncancerous cells. To mitigate this myelosuppressive effect, patients are frequently administered recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), an exogenous form of the cytokine G-CSF, which stimulates neutrophil production and release into the blood stream. While the benefits of adjuvant treatment rhG-CSF during chemotherapy are well recognised, the protocols with which it is administered are not well defined and are frequently determined ad libitum by clinicians. To quantify and address the optimisation of the administration of rhG-CSF during chemotherapeutic treatment, we developed a physiological model of granulopoiesis which incorporates the contemporary understanding of the production of neutrophils from the hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. To this physiological model, we incorporated mechanistic pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models of two drugs, PM00104 (Zalypsis), a chemotherapeutic drug, and rhG-CSF (filgrastim). Through exhaustive parameter estimation using first principles and no data fitting, we successfully predicted clinical data from 172 patients for an average patient undergoing the CHOP14 protocol (6 cycles of 14-day periodic chemotherapy with rhG-CSF administered on days 4-13 post-chemotherapy). We then demonstrated that delaying the administration of rhG-CSF to 6 or 7 days post-chemotherapy allowed for a reduction in the number of filgrastim administrations from ten to four or even three while maintaining or improving the neutrophil nadir. We also investigated the effects of PK variability on the model's predictions by incorporating population PK (PopPK) models of both drugs. Using five different variability scenarios and cohorts of 500 in silico patients per scenario, we established that there are no statistically significant differences between a typical patient and the population in the model's predictions with respect to three crucial clinical endpoints, namely the time to ANC nadir, the ANC nadir, and the area under the concentration-effect curve. The model's robustness to PK variability allows for the scaling up from the individual to population level. Motivated by the use of rhG-CSF in other disease-states, namely periodic pathologies like cyclical neutropenia, we next endeavoured to contextualise the model within dynamic diseases. By bringing to light that the cytokine paradigm is broken when exogenous cytokine mimetics are administered, we developed a novel physiological PK model for G-CSF incorporating both unbound and bound concentrations. The updated PK model prompted changes to the PD model since we could now track the concentrations of bound G-CSF. We showed that the mass-action equilibrium hypopthesis for bound and unbound drugs is not valid and led to overestimations of the renal clearance of G-CSF. We also successfully reproduced clinical data in a variety of settings (exogenous G-CSF alone, PM00104 alone, CHOP14 protocol) and clarified the mechanisms underlying the body's response to both drugs. Lastly, we discussed the potential of quantitative systems pharmacology in both drug development and translational medicine by using the physiological PK/PD model we developed.