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Phan, Ngan T. "An Exploration of Tablet-Based Presentation Systems and Learning Styles." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2008. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/127.
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Learning in the classroom can occur as a combination of students' personal effort to study class material, the instructor's attempt to present class material, and the interaction that takes place between instructor and students. In a more traditional setting, instructors can lecture by writing notes on a chalkboard or a whiteboard. If instructors want to display prepared lecture slides, they can use the overhead projector and write additional notes on top of these overhead transparencies. With many technological advances, various researchers are advocating towards integration between technology and learning. With the advent of tablet PCs, researchers recognize the potential usefulness of its functions within the classroom. Not only can electronic materials be presented via the computer, tablet PCs allow instructors to handwrite notes on top of the slides, mimicking manual devices such as the overhead.
Even though the use of tablet PCs can be advantageous to instructors and students, no research found so far has focused on the issue of how well tablet PC features address varying learning styles of students (e.g. visually oriented vs. text-based learning). According to Felder, "understanding learning style differences is thus an important step in designing balanced instruction that is effective for all students” [22]. Hence, this research explores the correlation between tablet-based presentation systems and learning styles by taking two approaches: performing a pilot study and distributing a survey. The results from these approaches are evaluated to yield statistically significant conclusions on how well tablet-based presentation systems encompass the different learning needs of student.
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Pelz, Myra Bennett. "Three-dimensional data input using Sutherland's two-dimensional tablet strategies plus enhanced user feedback /." Online version of thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10593.
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Miller, Débora Maria de Paula [UNESP]. "A obra artística e as novas mídias de representação: do papel ao digital." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87005.
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miller_dmp_me_ia.pdf: 2400964 bytes, checksum: 8de35bb268540242311dc2496439a13c (MD5)<br>Durante o desenvolvimento da civilização humana surgiram os mais variados estilos de representação visual e, de acordo com os registros de História da Arte, as primeiras imagens criadas pelo homem encontram-se gravadas em paredes e tetos de cavernas. A evolução da sociedade possibilitou o surgimento de diversas culturas cujos padrões de representação visual ainda influenciam as criações artísticas da atualidade. Movimentos com o Renascimento, o Impressionismo e o Cubismo, revolucionaram os conceitos relacionados à produção de obras de arte, bem como inseriram novas técnicas e materiais, amplamente explorados até os dias atuais. Durante a segunda metade do século XX, o computador eletrônico e a computação gráfica revolucionaram os conceitos e os processos artístico-criativos, bem como os paradigmas até então utilizados para a definição do que poderia ser considerada uma obra de arte. Através de uma descoberta pessoal, experimentei uma nova mídia com o objetivo de descobrir suas possibilidades técnicas e explorá-las na criação de uma obra artística digital. Paralelamente, busquei descobrir quais as modificações que se sucederam em relação à produção de imagens após o surgimento da computação gráfica e de maneira o artista plástico que utiliza uma mídia digital idealiza, percebe, interpreta e concretiza suas obras.<br>In the course of development of human civilization the most varieted styles of visual representation appeared and, according the records of the History of Art, the first images created by Man are to be found engraved on the walls and ceilings of caverns. Society's evolution made possible the appearance of various cultures whose standards of visual representations today still influence artistic creations. Movements such Renaissance, Impressionism and Cubism, revolutionized the concepts related to the production of works of art, as well as introducing new techniques and materials, amply explored up to the present days. During the second half of the 20th century, the eletronic computer and computer graphics revolutionized the concepts of artistically-creative process, as well as the paradigms used until then, to define what could be considered a work of art. Through a personal discovery, I tried a new media with the purpose of finding out its technical possibilities and explore them in the creation of an artistic digital piece of work. Simultaneously I endeavored discovering which modifications followed in the relation to the production of images, after the appearance of computer graphics and the ways a plastic artist, who uses a digital medium, idealizes, perceives and accomplishes his work.
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Moy, Eloïse. "Étude de l’écriture chez l’enfant et l’adulte porteurs de trisomie 21 : analyse de la trace écrite et de sa dynamique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3040/document.
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Malgré les avancées technologiques, l’écriture manuscrite continue d’être une habileté hautement sollicitée dans le cadre scolaire et constitue en partie les bases d’une intégration et d’une participation à une vie communautaire réussie. A ce jour, l’étude de l’écriture manuscrite chez des personnes porteuses de trisomie 21 (T21) reste un domaine peu abordé par la communauté scientifique. L’objectif de cette recherche est d’étudier les habiletés d’écriture chez des enfants et adultes T21 comparativement à la population typique de même âge de développement et âge chronologique. Une tâche de copie de texte et l’écriture de lettres isolées sur une tablette graphique mettent en évidence une similarité des capacités d’écriture entre le groupe T21 et le groupe d’enfants typiques de même âge de développement. Différents facteurs individuels influençant l’écriture sont également mis en évidence parmi la coordination de la motricité fine et le contrôle visuo-moteur dans la population T21. Enfin, la présentation de lettres selon différentes modalités induit une amélioration de la fluidité et de la trajectoire d’écriture lors d’une présentation visuelle du tracé et d’instructions verbales. L’ensemble des résultats va dans le sens de l’hypothèse d’un retard de développement ne mettant pas en évidence de déficit spécifique dans la population T21. Nos résultats suggèrent de s’intéresser à l’impact de rééducations ciblées sur la coordination motrice fine et l’intégration visuo-motrice et d’un entraînement visuel et verbal pour tenter d’améliorer la trace écrite ainsi que l’exécution des mouvements d’écriture chez les personnes T21<br>Despite technological advances, handwriting continues to be a highly solicited skill in the school setting and constitutes, in part, the basis of successful integration and participation in community life. To this day, the study of handwriting in people with Down syndrome (DS) remains a field of study that is not well addressed by the scientific community. The objective of the current research is therefore to study writing skills in children and adults with DS compared to mental-age-matched and chronological-age-matched typically developing population. A task of copying text and writing single cursive letters on a graphics tablet reveal similar handwriting capacities between the DS group and the group of typical children of the same developmental age. Different individual factors influencing writing are also highlighted among fine motor skill and visuo-motor control in the DS population. Finally, letters presentation in different modalities shows evidence of improvement of letter writing in fluidity and trajectory through visualization of tracing and verbal instructions. Overall, the results are consistent with the hypothesis of a developmental delay and do not underline in the DS population. Our results encourage further investigation into the impact of tasks that lend themselves to fine motor skill and visuo-motor control and also training on the trajectory of writing with the aid of visual and verbal cues in order to attempt to improvement of quality and speed of writing as well as movement execution involved in writing in persons with DS
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Zvak, Martin. "Získávání dat z tabletu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218576.
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Reliable authorization and authentication is now becoming necessary for many everyday activities such as boarding an aircraft, doing financial transactions etc. This work deals with the possibility of proposing an appropriate method of acquisition, processing and evaluation of data from the tablet itself, focusing on the possibility of obtaining data from the graphics tablet used in conjunction with a personal computer, for the purpose of verifying identity. It contains an overview of biometrics, as independent developing science over the last decades of the 20th century to the present, a summary of the development of a graphics tablet, the current situation, a brief overview of the most popular technologies used in their construction and distribution. Furthermore, it focuses on the design and implementation of appropriate procedures to obtain data provided by the Trust tablet TB - 7300, using available software development kit for the Microsoft Tablet PC, and a comparison of WinForms and WPF model (.NET Framework), with the declaration of suitability for the use of the second one. Last but not least, according to the response from the available set of users, this work focuses on the design of appropriate types of input data, test patterns, method and application for collecting and processing data from the graphic tablet, as well as their use for the verification of the identity of the individual. Ultimately, it is possible to discuss the accuracy of the method on a set of users, its suitability for use and shortcomings. Based on the analysis of the issue, the proposed method can be declared as under-optimal - it is safe, but inaccurate with low stability and repeatability. It is also important to accent that this is just the initial proposal, the use of applications in everyday life is for current phase impossible and the transition from laboratory conditions would require further development and improvement of the process.
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Liebers, Annegret. "Analyzing train time table graphs." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=961736151.
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Liebers, Annegret. "Analyzing Train Time Table Graphs /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB9273949.
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Dibble, Emily. "The interpretation of graphs and tables /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9101.
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Graves, Russell Edward. "High performance password cracking by implementing rainbow tables on nVidia graphics cards (IseCrack)." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1461850.
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Penn, Michael. "A visualization of an experiment on a shake table." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30272.
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A model to enable a graphics presentation of an experiment has been developed. The model was developed specifically for experiments run on a shake table for earthquake simulating tests but could be used for any experiment that involves movement and instrumentation. By integrating the results obtained from the instruments used during an experiment it is possible to display, on a computer screen, the motion of the model being tested. By use of visualization techniques it is possible to obtain a graphical representation of all the instruments being used and thereby producing a picture of the entire experiment.<br>Science, Faculty of<br>Computer Science, Department of<br>Graduate
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Xia, Hui. "Visual medical decision-making: Bipartite graphs vs. interactive tables." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9562.
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Most of the current medical diagnosis support systems are based on a textual design. In this thesis we present a model that uses a different design. It uses visualization to aid home diagnosis of common diseases in a user-friendly way. The model clearly displays the diagnostic results on the screen. A way of organizing the information into a picture of all symptoms, diseases, and the complex relationships between them (especially the combination of symptoms onto a single screen to give a global view) is presented. The purpose of designing this model is to bring complicated medical knowledge to the ordinary user. We believe that the simplified and economic display can demystify medicine, and empower the user to take better care of himself. By this convenient software tool people can discover quickly at home whether their symptom is serious or not, and then decide whether it is necessary to see the doctor; also people can compare the diagnosis the model makes with the doctors'. This model does not recommend treatment or therapy.
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Walker, DayVon L. "Power Graphs of Quasigroups." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7984.
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We investigate power graphs of quasigroups. The power graph of a quasigroup takes the elements of the quasigroup as its vertices, and there is an edge from one element to a second distinct element when the second is a left power of the first. We first compute the power graphs of small quasigroups (up to four elements). Next we describe quasigroups whose power graphs are directed paths, directed cycles, in-stars, out-stars, and empty. We do so by specifying partial Cayley tables, which cannot always be completed in small examples. We then consider sinks in the power graph of a quasigroup, as subquasigroups give rise to sinks. We show that certain structures cannot occur as sinks in the power graph of a quasigroup. More generally, we show that certain highly connected substructures must have edges leading out of the substructure. We briefly comment on power graphs of Bol loops.
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Perrotin, Olivier. "Chanter avec les mains : interfaces chironomiques pour les instruments de musique numériques." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112207/document.
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Le travail de cette thèse porte sur l'étude du contrôle en temps réel de synthèse de voix chantée par une tablette graphique dans le cadre de l'instrument de musique numérique Cantor Digitalis.La pertinence de l'utilisation d'une telle interface pour le contrôle de l'intonation vocale a été traitée en premier lieu, démontrant que la tablette permet un contrôle de la hauteur mélodique plus précis que la voix réelle en situation expérimentale.Pour étendre la justesse du jeu à toutes situations, une méthode de correction dynamique de l'intonation a été développée, permettant de jouer en dessous du seuil de perception de justesse et préservant en même temps l'expressivité du musicien. Des évaluations objective et perceptive ont permis de valider l'efficacité de cette méthode.L'utilisation de nouvelles interfaces pour la musique pose la question des modalités impliquées dans le jeu de l'instrument. Une troisième étude révèle une prépondérance de la perception visuelle sur la perception auditive pour le contrôle de l'intonation, due à l'introduction d'indices visuels sur la surface de la tablette. Néanmoins, celle-ci est compensée par l'important pouvoir expressif de l'interface.En effet, la maîtrise de l'écriture ou du dessin dès l'enfance permet l'acquisition rapide d'un contrôle expert de l'instrument. Pour formaliser ce contrôle, nous proposons une suite de gestes adaptés à différents effets musicaux rencontrés dans la musique vocale. Enfin, une pratique intensive de l'instrument est réalisée au sein de l'ensemble Chorus Digitalis à des fins de test et de diffusion. Un travail de recherche artistique est conduit tant dans la mise en scène que dans le choix du répertoire musical à associer à l'instrument. De plus, un retour visuel dédié au public a été développé, afin d'aider à la compréhension du maniement de l'instrument<br>This thesis deals with the real-time control of singing voice synthesis by a graphic tablet, based on the digital musical instrument Cantor Digitalis.The relevance of the graphic tablet for the intonation control is first considered, showing that the tablet provides a more precise pitch control than real voice in experimental conditions.To extend the accuracy of control to any situation, a dynamic pitch warping method for intonation correction is developed. It enables to play under the pitch perception limens preserving at the same time the musician's expressivity. Objective and perceptive evaluations validate the method efficiency.The use of new interfaces for musical expression raises the question of the modalities implied in the playing of the instrument. A third study reveals a preponderance of the visual modality over the auditive perception for the intonation control, due to the introduction of visual clues on the tablet surface. Nevertheless, this is compensated by the expressivity allowed by the interface.The writing or drawing ability acquired since early childhood enables a quick acquisition of an expert control of the instrument. An ensemble of gestures dedicated to the control of different vocal effects is suggested.Finally, an intensive practice of the instrument is made through the Chorus Digitalis ensemble, to test and promote our work. An artistic research has been conducted for the choice of the Cantor Digitalis' musical repertoire. Moreover, a visual feedback dedicated to the audience has been developed, extending the perception of the players' pitch and articulation
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Budak, Ronya, and Bergman Ted Klein. "Identifying effectiveness of different input devices as pointing devices for graphical user interfaces." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232170.
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As new input devices are introduced to the technological market and an increasing part of the population are familiar with the usage of digital devices, it may seem difficult to know which input devices to aim for when developing new programs and applications that use graphical interfaces. According to a previous study in this area, the computer mouse was the most preferred and performed best when tested in speed and accuracy when compared to the keyboard and drawing tablet even though the keyboard was the device most were familiar with. This paper attempted to recreate the study with the exception of testing morethings, such as number of miss-clicks, distance travelled, directional changes and time. The keyboard was replaced by a handheld controller as well. The results were that the mouse performed best yet again, and proved to be easy to use efficiently for both new and experienced users. The handheld controller was shown not to be an optimal pointing device, mostly due to it being stuck to a fixed speed and not able to accelerate. It did well in the matter of amount off miss-clicks and directional changes, which can be tied to its slow speed. The drawing tablet was well received by the new users and experienced as more accurate than the handheld device. Its results suggest that the drawing tablet could be an efficient pointing device than proven here in the hands of an experienced user, but for new users it could not perform as well as the mouse device overall.<br>Eftersom nya inmatningsenheter introduceras på den tekniska marknaden och en större del av befolkningen bekantar sig med användningen av digitala enheter, kan det verka svårt att veta vilka inmatningsenheter man ska rikta sig till när man utvecklar nya program och applikationer som använder grafiskt gränssnitt. Enligt en tidigare studie var datormusen den mest föredragna enheten och fick bäst resultat inom snabbhet och noggrannhet, jämfört med tangentbordet och ritplattan inom detta område, trots att tangentbordet var den enhet som de flesta var bekanta med. Denna undersökning försökte återskapa studien med undantaget att testa flera egenskaper, såsom antal missade klickar, avstånd, byten av färdriktning och tid samt att tangentbordet ersattes av en handhållen kontroller. Resultaten var att musen presterade bäst än en gång och visade sig vara lätt att använda effektivt för både nya och erfarna användare. Den handhållna styrenheten visade sig inte vara en optimal pekdon, främst på grund av att den hade en bestämd hastighet och inte kunde accelerera. Det gick bra i fråga om mängden missade klickar och riktningsförändringar, som kan vara knutna till dess långsamma hastigheten. Ritplattan mottogsväl av de nya användarna och upplevdes som mer exakt än den handhållna enheten. Resultatet tyder på att ritplattan kan vara en effektiv pekdon i händerna på en erfaren användare än bevisat här, men för nya användare kan det inte fungera lika bra som datormusen överlag.
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Treleaven, James Burris. "A protocol study of a complexity model of information acquisition from graphs and tables." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1059052459.
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Megdiche, Bousarsar Imen. "Intégration holistique et entreposage automatique des données ouvertes." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30214/document.
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Les statistiques présentes dans les Open Data ou données ouvertes constituent des informations utiles pour alimenter un système décisionnel. Leur intégration et leur entreposage au sein du système décisionnel se fait à travers des processus ETL. Il faut automatiser ces processus afin de faciliter leur accessibilité à des non-experts. Ces processus doivent pallier aux problèmes de manque de schémas, d'hétérogénéité structurelle et sémantique qui caractérisent les données ouvertes. Afin de répondre à ces problématiques, nous proposons une nouvelle démarche ETL basée sur les graphes. Pour l'extraction du graphe d'un tableau, nous proposons des activités de détection et d'annotation automatiques. Pour la transformation, nous proposons un programme linéaire pour résoudre le problème d'appariement holistique de données structurelles provenant de plusieurs graphes. Ce modèle fournit une solution optimale et unique. Pour le chargement, nous proposons un processus progressif pour la définition du schéma multidimensionnel et l'augmentation du graphe intégré. Enfin, nous présentons un prototype et les résultats d'expérimentations<br>Statistical Open Data present useful information to feed up a decision-making system. Their integration and storage within these systems is achieved through ETL processes. It is necessary to automate these processes in order to facilitate their accessibility to non-experts. These processes have also need to face out the problems of lack of schemes and structural and sematic heterogeneity, which characterize the Open Data. To meet these issues, we propose a new ETL approach based on graphs. For the extraction, we propose automatic activities performing detection and annotations based on a model of a table. For the transformation, we propose a linear program fulfilling holistic integration of several graphs. This model supplies an optimal and a unique solution. For the loading, we propose a progressive process for the definition of the multidimensional schema and the augmentation of the integrated graph. Finally, we present a prototype and the experimental evaluations
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Whittemore, Rhys Duncan. "Tabletop Role-Playing Games and the Actual Play Show: Author, Audience, and Adaptation." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103882.
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Though tabletop role-playing games, or TRPGs, have received some scholarly attention since the creation of Dungeons and Dragons in the 1970s, very few scholars have considered how TRPGs function as a vehicle for long-form narrative. As an inherently collaborative form of narrative, the TRPG demonstrates a unique relationship between author and audience, as participants take on both roles during play. Previous narratological models of author-audience interaction are insufficient to understand the way that authorship functions in the TRPG, and the rise of actual play shows, where TRPGs are broadcast for an audience of nonparticipants, adds an extra layer of complexity to these author-audience relations. This thesis identifies key narrative elements of the TRPG, including game mechanics, framing, and collaboration, and examines how popular actual play shows and their graphic adaptations engage with these elements to create their narratives. This examination indicates that TRPGs create complex author-webs where each participant is both author and audience, and this influence pushes actual play shows and further adaptations of TRPG narratives to expand the ways in which audiences can influence and interact with narratives as they are created. The TRPG genre continues to explore how these elements can be developed beyond traditional understandings of narrative, and this development provides a framework for further narratological study of interactive works, which will only continue to evolve and grow in popularity and complexity in the continuing digital era.<br>Master of Arts<br>The tabletop role-playing game, or TRPG, has been growing in popularity since the creation of Dungeons and Dragons in the 1970s, and the rise of the actual play show, where a TRPG game is broadcast to viewers via video or podcast, has spurred both casual and scholarly interest in the TRPG. Players of TRPGs create narratives through collaborative storytelling moderated by certain rules and game mechanics, so each participant in a TRPG acts as both author and audience, as they create certain elements of the narrative and also witness the narrative creations of the other players. This particular collaborative author-audience model is not seen in any other form of narrative, and existing models of author-audience interactions do not account for authorship in the TRPG. Therefore, this thesis examines how several elements of the TRPG, such as the use of game mechanics to structure the narrative, the multiple frames in which players interact with each other, and the collaboration inherent in every game, contribute to the ways that authorship and audience interact in the narrative. It also looks at how popular actual play shows and the graphic novels they've created of their narratives engage with these elements to create their own unique audience interactions. As audience participation in the development of the stories they're consuming become more prominent with the rise of video games and other interactive media, an understanding of the evolving relationship between authorship and audience developed by the TRPG becomes important for examining interactive works in general.
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Pineda, Steven. "Exploring Material Representations for Sparse Voxel DAGs." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2021. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2297.
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Ray tracing is a popular technique used in movies and video games to create compelling visuals. Ray traced computer images are increasingly becoming more realistic and almost indistinguishable from real-word images. Due to the complexity of scenes and the desire for high resolution images, ray tracing can become very expensive in terms of computation and memory. To address these concerns, researchers have examined data structures to efficiently store geometric and material information. Sparse voxel octrees (SVOs) and directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) have proven to be successful geometric data structures for reducing memory requirements. Moxel DAGs connect material properties to these geometric data structures, but experience limitations related to memory, build times, and render times. This thesis examines the efficacy of connecting an alternative material data structure to existing geometric representations.
The contributions of this thesis include the creation of a new material representation using hashing to accompany DAGs, a method to calculate surface normals using neighboring voxel data, and a demonstration and validation that DAGs can be used to super sample based on proximity. This thesis also validates the visual acuity from these methods via a user survey comparing different output images. In comparison to the Moxel DAG implementation, this work increases render time, but reduces build times and memory, and improves the visual quality of output images.
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Rabello, Guilherme Picanço. "Processamento remoto em solução para interação com ambientes arquitetônicos 3D através de tablets." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/7840.
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Previous issue date: 2016-03-07<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>The evolution of Computer Graphics, supported by the computational development, enables increasingly advanced visual creations and promotes benefits to various areas such as: Art, architecture, Product Design, Visual Design, Games, Movies, Engineering, GIS and Medicine. However, the processing power needed for applications that require a high degree of realism, restricts the use of these applications to a small portion of the entire range of the computing devices in use by the population. Recently, the evolution of mobile network technologies brought a possible solution to the inability of most mobile devices in dealing with interactive applications and a high degree of realism. The solution is based on the remote processing of applications on servers with high processing capacity, and delivery of the images produced for mobile devices made by its conversion into video and
streaming broadcasts. This master dissertation explores a remote processing solution for interacting with architectural environments through tablets. Emphasis was placed in: keeping high degree of realism, difficult to achieve due to the processing requirements in real-time interactive applications; the adaptation and combination of tools available in the market; and in mitigating latency through different ways of user interaction. The evaluation of the results was carried out in training sessions, interaction and interviews with volunteers.<br>A evolução da Computação Gráfica apoiada no desenvolvimento computacional possibilita criações visuais cada vez mais avançadas promovendo benefícios a diversas áreas como: Artes, Arquitetura, Design de produto, Design visual, Jogos, Cinema, Engenharia, Geoprocessamento e Medicina. Porém, a capacidade de processamento exigida por aplicações que requerem elevado grau de realismo restringe o uso dessas aplicações a uma parcela pequena de toda a gama de dispositivos computacionais instalados e de uso da população. Recentemente, a evolução das tecnologias de rede móvel trouxe uma
possível solução à incapacidade da maioria dos dispositivos móveis em lidar com aplicações interativas e de elevado grau de realismo. A solução baseia-se no processamento remoto das aplicações, em servidores com elevada capacidade de
processamento, e na entrega das imagens produzidas para os dispositivos móveis feita através de sua conversão em vídeo e transmissão por streaming. Este trabalho explora uma solução de processamento remoto para interação com ambientes arquitetônicos através de tablets. Deu-se ênfase às questões de manutenção de elevado grau de realismo, dificultada pelas exigências de processamento em tempo real de aplicações interativas, à adaptação e combinação de ferramental disponível no mercado e à mitigação da latência através de recursos de interface com usuário. A avaliação dos resultados foi realizada em sessões de treinamento, interação e entrevistas com usuários voluntários.
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Nyo, Mi Swe Pisamai Kulkanjanatorn. "Spectral characteristics of ethambutol-copper (II) ion complex and its application for quantitative analysis /." Abstract, 2007. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2550/cd405/4837396.pdf.
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Sund, Daniel. "Comparison of Visualization Algorithms for Graphs and Implementation of Visualization Algorithm for Multi-Touch table using JavaFX." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Databas och informationsteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-133167.
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Ontologies are representations of specific domains. They help with understanding the concepts within these domains by providing definitions of their components and how they relate to each other. Ontologies are often huge and may contain thousands to hundreds of thousands of concepts. In order to easily understand them, they can be visualized as graphs. To effectively visualize these graphs, an application can use a type of graph drawing algorithm that follows pre-established criteria. This thesis studies articles about the problem of graph visualization to establish specific criteria for algorithms to satisfy. Existing algorithms are then compared with these criteria, to determine which algorithm is most suitable for implementation. Based on the comparison evaluation, the FM3 Algorithm is then implemented in Prefux. Extensions to Prefux’s input handler and touch functionality are also added to read files in the OWL format and enable interaction with the visualized graph on a state-of-the-art multi-touch table respectively.
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Ducasse, Julie. "Tabletop tangible maps and diagrams for visually impaired users." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30197/document.
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En dépit de leur omniprésence et de leur rôle essentiel dans nos vies professionnelles et personnelles, les représentations graphiques, qu'elles soient numériques ou sur papier, ne sont pas accessibles aux personnes déficientes visuelles car elles ne fournissent pas d'informations tactiles. Par ailleurs, les inégalités d'accès à ces représentations ne cessent de s'accroître ; grâce au développement de représentations graphiques dynamiques et disponibles en ligne, les personnes voyantes peuvent non seulement accéder à de grandes quantités de données, mais aussi interagir avec ces données par le biais de fonctionnalités avancées (changement d'échelle, sélection des données à afficher, etc.). En revanche, pour les personnes déficientes visuelles, les techniques actuellement utilisées pour rendre accessibles les cartes et les diagrammes nécessitent l'intervention de spécialistes et ne permettent pas la création de représentations interactives. Cependant, les récentes avancées dans le domaine de l'adaptation automatique de contenus laissent entrevoir, dans les prochaines années, une augmentation de la quantité de contenus adaptés. Cette augmentation doit aller de pair avec le développement de dispositifs utilisables et abordables en mesure de supporter l'affichage de représentations interactives et rapidement modifiables, tout en étant accessibles aux personnes déficientes visuelles. Certains prototypes de recherche s'appuient sur une représentation numérique seulement : ils peuvent être instantanément modifiés mais ne fournissent que très peu de retour tactile, ce qui rend leur exploration complexe d'un point de vue cognitif et impose de fortes contraintes sur le contenu. D'autres prototypes s'appuient sur une représentation numérique et physique : bien qu'ils puissent être explorés tactilement, ce qui est un réel avantage, ils nécessitent un support tactile qui empêche toute modification rapide. Quant aux dispositifs similaires à des tablettes Braille, mais avec des milliers de picots, leur coût est prohibitif. L'objectif de cette thèse est de pallier les limitations de ces approches en étudiant comment développer des cartes et diagrammes interactifs physiques, modifiables et abordables. Pour cela, nous nous appuyons sur un type d'interface qui a rarement été étudié pour des utilisateurs déficients visuels : les interfaces tangibles, et plus particulièrement les interfaces tangibles sur table. Dans ces interfaces, des objets physiques représentent des informations numériques et peuvent être manipulés par l'utilisateur pour interagir avec le système, ou par le système lui-même pour refléter un changement du modèle numérique - on parle alors d'interfaces tangibles sur tables animées, ou actuated. Grâce à la conception, au développement et à l'évaluation de trois interfaces tangibles sur table (les Tangible Reels, la Tangible Box et BotMap), nous proposons un ensemble de solutions techniques répondant aux spécificités des interfaces tangibles pour des personnes déficientes visuelles, ainsi que de nouvelles techniques d'interaction non-visuelles, notamment pour la reconstruction d'une carte ou d'un diagramme et l'exploration de cartes de type " Pan & Zoom ". D'un point de vue théorique, nous proposons aussi une nouvelle classification pour les dispositifs interactifs accessibles<br>Despite their omnipresence and essential role in our everyday lives, online and printed graphical representations are inaccessible to visually impaired people because they cannot be explored using the sense of touch. The gap between sighted and visually impaired people's access to graphical representations is constantly growing due to the increasing development and availability of online and dynamic representations that not only give sighted people the opportunity to access large amounts of data, but also to interact with them using advanced functionalities such as panning, zooming and filtering. In contrast, the techniques currently used to make maps and diagrams accessible to visually impaired people require the intervention of tactile graphics specialists and result in non-interactive tactile representations. However, based on recent advances in the automatic production of content, we can expect in the coming years a growth in the availability of adapted content, which must go hand-in-hand with the development of affordable and usable devices. In particular, these devices should make full use of visually impaired users' perceptual capacities and support the display of interactive and updatable representations. A number of research prototypes have already been developed. Some rely on digital representation only, and although they have the great advantage of being instantly updatable, they provide very limited tactile feedback, which makes their exploration cognitively demanding and imposes heavy restrictions on content. On the other hand, most prototypes that rely on digital and physical representations allow for a two-handed exploration that is both natural and efficient at retrieving and encoding spatial information, but they are physically limited by the use of a tactile overlay, making them impossible to update. Other alternatives are either extremely expensive (e.g. braille tablets) or offer a slow and limited way to update the representation (e.g. maps that are 3D-printed based on users' inputs). In this thesis, we propose to bridge the gap between these two approaches by investigating how to develop physical interactive maps and diagrams that support two-handed exploration, while at the same time being updatable and affordable. To do so, we build on previous research on Tangible User Interfaces (TUI) and particularly on (actuated) tabletop TUIs, two fields of research that have surprisingly received very little interest concerning visually impaired users. Based on the design, implementation and evaluation of three tabletop TUIs (the Tangible Reels, the Tangible Box and BotMap), we propose innovative non-visual interaction techniques and technical solutions that will hopefully serve as a basis for the design of future TUIs for visually impaired users, and encourage their development and use. We investigate how tangible maps and diagrams can support various tasks, ranging from the (re)construction of diagrams to the exploration of maps by panning and zooming. From a theoretical perspective we contribute to the research on accessible graphical representations by highlighting how research on maps can feed research on diagrams and vice-versa. We also propose a classification and comparison of existing prototypes to deliver a structured overview of current research
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Nzeutchap, Janvier. "Correspondances de Schensted-Fomin algèbres de Hopf et graphes gradués en dualité." Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUES046.
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On montre l'existence de graphes gradués en dualité dans des algèbres de Hopf combinatoires usuelles, et on établit un lien formel entre dualité d'algèbres de Hopf et dualité de graphes gradués. On redéfinit la correspondance de Young-Fibonacci due à Roby, la faisant coïncider naturellement avec l'approche Fomin par les diagrammes de croissance. On définit aussi un ordre partiel sur les tableaux de Young-Fibonacci. Cet ordre qui correspond à l'écrasement du permutohèdre sur les classes d'équivalence Fibonacci, permet d'interpréter les nombres de Kostka-Fibonacci, dans l'algèbre d'Okada associée au graphe de Young-Fibonacci. On interprète de même les nombres de Kostka usuels, à l'aide d'un ordre partiel sur les tableaux de Young. Enfin, motivé par un travail récent de Taskin, on s'intéresse à la construction d'un poset de tableaux de Yamanouchi, caractérisant les produits de tableaux de Young. On espère obtenir un algorithme efficace pour multiplier deux fonctions de Schur<br>We have identified many examples of combinatorial Hopf algebras in which graph duality arises, and we have described a canonical construction to obtain a dual graded graph from any pair of dual combinatorial Hopf algebras. We have redefined the Young-Fibonacci insertion algorithm of Roby, in such a way that it naturally coincides with Fomin's approach using growth diagrams. We have provided the set of Young-Fibonacci tableaux of size n with astructure of graded poset called tableauhedron. This poset gives a combinatorial interpretation of the Kostka-Fibonacci numbers in Okada's algebra associated to the Young-Fibonacci lattice. A similar result relates usual Kostka numbers with four partial orders on Young-tableaux. We are also interested in the study of a poset of Yamanouchi tableaux, arising from the product of Young tableaux. It would give rise to an algorithm for the product of Schur functions, and the computation of Littlewood-Richardson coefficients
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Godde, Anaïs. "L'écriture manuscrite dans le trouble du spectre de l'autisme : une étude couplant oculométrie, tablette graphique et ralentissement des stimuli." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0323.
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Au regard des difficultés d'écriture présentes dans le trouble du spectre de l'autisme (TSA), notre premier objectif est d’étudier les caractéristiques de l’écriture chez des enfants et adultes avec TSA par rapport à des enfants et adultes typiques en considérant son évolution avec l’âge. La qualité et la vitesse de production ont été évalué à partir d’une tâche de copie de texte. Une moins bonne qualité ainsi qu’une lenteur d’exécution sont observées chez les enfants avec TSA par rapport aux enfants typiques. Chez les adultes avec TSA, une qualité des tracés inférieure à celle des sujets de même âge réel (AR) et de même âge de développement (AD) est relevée tandis que leur vitesse de production est inférieure à celle des sujets de même AR mais comparable à ceux de même AD.Une évolution similaire de l’écriture est observée entre les personnes typiques et avec TSA. Notre second objectif est de tester l’effet d’une présentation ralentie de lettres, pseudo-lettres et mots sur le traitement de l’information visuelle et la dynamique des tracés des enfants et adultes avec TSA. L’utilisation de l'oculométrie, la tablette graphique et le logiciel de ralentissement Logiral™ ont été couplées. Avec le ralenti, on observe chez les enfants une diminution de l'exploration visuelle et une écriture moins fluide et plus lente, et chez les adultes, une augmentation de l’exploration visuelle associée à une diminution de la taille de l’écriture pourtant moins fluide et plus lente. Cette recherche contribue à une meilleure compréhension des particularités de l’écriture dans le TSA et de l’impact du ralenti de lettres et mots sur l’exploration visuelle et la production des tracés<br>Handwriting leads to numerous difficulties amongst individuals suffering from Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Our first objective was thus to study the characteristics of handwriting in both children and adults with ASD in comparison with chronological (CA) and developmental (DA) aged-matched controls, in order to understand its development with age. A first study conducted aimed at evaluate the handwriting quality and speed during a copy task of text. Our results showed that children with ASD have slower and poorer handwriting skills compared to controls. For ASD adult participants we observed a poorer handwriting quality than both CA and DA controls and a slower handwriting than CA controls only, meaning that it was comparable to DA controls. Moreover,a similar evolution between control and ASD participants. Our second objective was to test the effect of a slowed-down dynamic visual presentation of letters, pseudo-letters and words on the visual information processing and the handwriting dynamics in children and adults with ASD. For this, we coupled different techniques: an eye-tracking device, a graphic tablet, and Logiral™ (i.e a software for slowing down videos). During the slowed-down presentation, children showed a decrease of visual exploration associated with a slower and uneven handwriting, adults showed an increase in visual exploration associated with smaller handwriting size, although it was slower and uneven. This research contributed to a better understanding of handwriting particularities in ASD population, as well as the impact of slowing down stimuli on visual exploration and handwriting production
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Jmel, Saïd. "Applications des modèles graphiques au choix de variables et à l'analyse des interactions dans une table de contingence multiple." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30091.
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On presente quelques aspects de l'apport des modeles graphiques en analyse des donnees multidimensionnelles. Deux sujets ont ete abordes. Le premier concerne la selection des variables. On propose une nouvelle methode basee sur un type particulier de modeles graphiques. On donne deux applications de cette methode: la premiere en analyse en composantes principales et la seconde en analyse loglineaire. Le second sujet traite de la modelisation des interactions dans une table de contingence multiple. On montre comment l'analyse factorielle des correspondances et les modeles d'association ligne colonne de goodman peuvent sous certaines contraintes prendre en consideration la structure du graphe d'interactions ou le graphe d'independance conditionnelle associe a cette table. En complement, on suggere quelques techniques d'analyse des donnees susceptibles d'aider a la construction de tels graphes
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Šmerda, Vojtěch. "Grafický editor metadat pro OLAP." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-235893.
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This thesis describes OLAP and data mining technologies and methods of their communication with users by using dynamic tables. Key theoretical and technical information is also included. Next part focuses on particular implementation of dynamic tables used in Vema portal solution. Last parts come close to analysis and implementation of the metadata editor which enables the metadata to be effectively designed.
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Picardat, Jean-François. "Controle d'execution, comprehension et apprentissage de plans d'actions : developpement de la methode de la table triangulaire." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30122.
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Synthese de l'etat de l'art en planification et en controle d'execution. Construction de la table triangulaire et etude de l'algorithme utilise en controle d'execution. Il est ensuite propose d'utiliser la table pour produire des explications sur un plan d'actions. Ce qui est ensuite generalise a une sequence de regles. Developpement d'un cadre formel pour l'emploi de cette table. Implantation dans un logiciel concu comme un environnement de programmation regroupant les primitives de traitemnt et de manipulation de tables
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Säll, Esmeralda, and Anna Sörbom. "Coffee table-böcker eller praktverk – begrepp, attityder och arbetssätt : Djupintervjuer med grafiska formgivare och förlagsanställda." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Grafisk teknologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-15633.
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Åtta semi-strukturerade djupintervjuer genomfördes i syfte att kartlägga svenska formgivares och förlagsanställdas strategiska och kreativa arbetsprocess samt olika attityder vid arbetet med praktverk och coffee table-böcker. Dessa böckers termer och definitioner diskuterades även, samt boktypens förut-sättningar och utmaningar på marknaden. I denna rapport presenteras funna teman rörande dessa tankemönster och attity-der, samt en generell beskrivning av arbetsprocessen. Produktionen av coffee table-böcker och praktverk fanns vara komplex på grund av att den involverade många personer, tog lång tid i anspråk, var kost-sam och hade relativt små vinstmarginaler vilket därmed kunde förenas med vissa risker. Respondenterna upplevde generellt arbetet som spännande, roligt och givande.Studien belyser även förekomsten av en viss diskrepans vad gäller associationerna till termerna ”coffee table-bok” och ”praktverk”. Coffee table-böcker ansågs främst av de förlagsanställda ha ett innehåll av lägre kvalitet jämfört med det hos ett praktverk.<br>Semi-structured, in-depth interviews with eight Swedish graphic designers and employees at publishing houses were carried out with the purpose of mapping the strategic and creative work process of producing Coffee table books and Luxury works (Swedish praktverk), as well as respondents attitudes towards these processes.The three main steps identified in the process are presented and compared to results in previous studies. The production of these books was found to be complex due to the number of people involved, the time required, the costs involved and the relatively small profit margins. All of which increase the exposure to certain risks. The re-spondents however found the work to be exciting, enjoyable and fulfilling.In addition to this the study discovered the inconsistency between the definition of “Coffee table book” and “Luxury work” and what was found to be the com-monly accepted understanding of these. This applied particularly to the term “Coffee table book,” where some respondents associated the term to a lower standard of literature. The terms and definitions of these books will be dis-cussed as well as the market condition described by the respondents.
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Ericsson, Duffy Mikael. "DRAWN TO LIFE: Exploring real-time manipulation of the digitally represented surface in comics on smartphones and tablets." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23439.
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This research thesis is an exploration into what possibilities lie beyond the representation of analog material when it transcends into the digital realm. Specifically, how printed comics can be altered in realtime by creator- allowed user interaction, when adapted for presentation within the digital sphere of mobile smartphones and computer tablets. Using legacy computer-game techniques like parallax scrolling with modern digital layer filters, device sensors and applying them in realtime to the comic creators digitally layered content, alternative forms of presentation arise.This is an investigation into the comic creator’s will of allowing possibilities of added depth perception, interactivity and alternative visual narratives in their comic, manga or graphic novels when employing new techniques based on sensor data input from a reader, like accelerometer-, gyroscope- or eye-tracking sensors. Several different techniques are evaluated. The focus is mainly on the context of creators of comics or manga who use digital tools and layer compositions when producing their work. Several aspects of the user-centered experience are also explored.Although mainly an interaction design project, most of the design methods are used from a service design approach, emphasizing co-design techniques like interviews, observations and user tests. The results are digital prototypes and proof-of-concepts featuring technology tests that support final design conclusions.The results will show both enthusiasm and reluctance from test subjects towards the new technologies presented. The professional craft of comic, manga and graphic novel creation has a deeply rooted aesthetic and production cycle in its history of the printed form. It could be difficult to alter its standard, reverence and nostalgia in the eyes of its readers and creators, when pursuing the digital format and narrative possibilities of the future. A video explaining the project’s “Drawn To Life” technology is available online.
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Dansby, Benjamin W. "An Informed Emergency: Improving Patient Comfort And Comprehension In And After The Emergency Department." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1276367591.
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Lauzer, Marshal Becon. "Estudo comparativo sobre representações visuais em interfaces com base em ícones de dispositivos móveis da Apple." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/76171.
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Esta dissertação teve por objetivo verificar se existe um diferencial estético nas representações visuais nas interfaces gráficas dos dispositivos móveis da Apple e, se existir, se esse diferencial efetivamente influencia o vínculo do usuário com a marca e se o usuário tem consciência dele. Para tanto é apresentada uma breve análise diacrônica sobre as interfaces computacionais, bem como uma descrição de momentos chave na história da referida empresa. A partir disto, são abordadas questões que abrangem o posicionamento da marca Apple, pois desde a popularização das interfaces gráficas (GUI) a mesma tem sido associada tanto ao conceito de boas interfaces, quanto tem esta relação contestada. Existem ainda autores que consideram que o sucesso da marca Apple deve-se menos à qualidade de seus produtos (hardware e interfaces gráficas) que à força das ações de marketing da empresa. Para compreender de forma mais pontual as interfaces que eram objeto de estudo e as diretrizes que envolvem a construção de seu desenho, foram analisados os guias de desenvolvimento de interfaces da Apple para o iOS (iOS Human Interface Guidelines) e do Android (Android Developers), atualmente seu principal concorrente. A fim de tentar analisar a percepção que usuários têm das especificidades e dos diferenciais estéticos entre as referidas interfaces, foram construídas duas simulações, cada qual com características de um dos sistemas. Sessões experimentais com usuários, seguidas de entrevista, compuseram a fase empírica, de cunho qualitativo, em que se procurou verificar qual conjunto de ícones os participantes preferiam e por que. Os resultados encontrados apontam que questões estéticas são importantes na percepção que as pessoas têm das interfaces. Essa atenção às configurações estéticas parece contribuir para a percepção geral que se tem dos produtos onde os ícones se apresentam. A partir desses resultados é possível afirmar que a estética faz parte do conjunto de fatores, que constroem a percepção final – positiva ou negativa, de uma interface e, com ela, dos produtos de uma determinada marca. Por outro lado, embora o conjunto de ícones construído de acordo com os parâmetros do Guia de Desenvolvimento de Interfaces da Apple tenha sido preferido por dois terços dos participantes, não houve identificação daquele grupo de ícones com as interfaces da marca Apple. Isso sugere que a construção da marca é alicerçada na qualidade estética de suas interfaces, mas indica também a importância das ações de marketing na atribuição de maior qualidade estética às interfaces da Apple.<br>This work aimed to verify whether there is a differential in aesthetic visual representations in the graphical interfaces of Apple’s mobile devices. If a difference was found, a second objective was to verify whether this differential effectively influences the bond between user and brand and if the user is aware of it. To this end, it starts with a brief diachronic analysis of computer interfaces, as well as a description of key moments in Apple's history of. Discussed issues include brand positioning, as, since the popularization of graphical user interfaces (GUI), Apple has been associated to the concept of good interfaces. However, at the same time, this relationship has also been challenged, as there are authors who believe that the success of the brand Apple is not due to the quality of its products (hardware and graphical interfaces) but to the strength of the marketing activities of the company. To understand the specific interfaces that were the object of this study and to know the guidelines that drive their design, we analyzed Apple iOS Human Interface Guidelines and its Android equivalent - Android Developers - (as Android is currently Apple's main competitor in the mobile market). In order to analyze users' perception of specific features and aesthetic differences between Apple and Android interfaces, two simulations were built, each with characteristics of either system. Experimental sessions with users were followed by interviews, comprising the empirical, qualitative study. These experiments aimed to verify which set of icons participants preferred and why. The results show that aesthetic considerations are important in the perception of interfaces. This attention to aesthetic settings seems to contribute to the general perception that people have of the digital products themselves. From these results we can say that aesthetics is part of the set of factors that build the final perception - positive or negative - of an interface, and with it, the products of a particular brand. However, although the icon set constructed in accordance with the parameters of iOS Human Interface Guidelines Apple has been preferred by two-thirds of the participants, the identification of that group of icons with Apple interfaces did not happen. This suggests that Apple's brand building can be founded on the aesthetic quality of its interfaces, but also indicates the importance of marketing actions in assigning greater aesthetic quality to Apple interfaces.
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Grymuza, Alissá Mariane Garcia. "Gráficos e tabelas no ensino fundamental: uma análise com base em elementos da teoria da atividade." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/7726.
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Previous issue date: 2015-03-27<br>This study proposed making an analysis, based on Activity Theory of the elements from didactic activities proposed by teachers in the 5th grade of elementary school for teaching graphics and tables. In the theoretical approach, discussed it was the relevance of the content to the formation of the student of basic education, about on the National Curriculum Standards and considering elements of the Activity Theory and work of researchers at the Education of Statistics. We conducted a qualitative nature study in an analytical perspective, and the data collection was given through the use of questionnaires and interviews with teachers, as well as direct observation of their practices. The results indicate that the teacher's commitment to good quality teaching is necessary, but not sufficient. It is necessary for the teacher to master what you intend to teach and know has to select appropriate strategies to propitiate the construction of knowledge, considering the different moments that compose an activity, starting with the motivation and ending with the control. The teachers who participated in our research did not demonstrate the proper understanding of the objectives of working with graphics and tables in the classroom, either in their specificities, and in the relations between them, which compromises the quality of education on this topic. The fact that the same school has teachers who presenting practices that bear little resemblance, either in regarding the content or the students it is not to consider it as a whole, when we discuss teaching quality. We note that, since the motivation has an important role in the educational process, it is necessary that the teacher advances in his understanding of this element, considering its specificities, whether curricular, social or other nature.<br>O presente estudo propôs fazer uma análise, com base em elementos da Teoria da Atividade, das atividades didáticas seguidas ou propostas por docentes do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental para o ensino de gráficos e tabelas. No aporte teórico, discutimos sobre a relevância do conteúdo para a formação do estudante do Ensino Básico, com base nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais e considerando elementos da Teoria da Atividade e trabalhos de pesquisadores da educação estatística. Realizamos um estudo de natureza qualitativa, em uma perspectiva analítica, tendo o levantamento de dados se dado através da aplicação de questionários e entrevistas com os professores, bem como da observação direta de suas práticas. Os resultados apontam que o comprometimento do professor com um ensino de qualidade é necessário, mas não suficiente. É necessário que o professor domine o que pretende ensinar e saiba selecionar estratégias adequadas para propiciar a construção de conhecimento, considerando-se os diferentes momentos que compõem uma atividade, começando pela motivação e finalizando pelo seu controle. Os professores que participaram de nossa investigação não demonstraram a devida compreensão acerca dos objetivos do trabalho com gráficos e tabelas em sala de aula, seja nas suas especificidades, seja nas relações entre eles, o que compromete a qualidade de ensino desses conteúdos. O fato de uma mesma escola contar com professores que apresentam práticas que pouco se assemelham, seja na relação com o conteúdo ou com os alunos, não é possível considerá-la como um todo, quando discutimos qualidade de ensino. Constatamos que, uma vez que a motivação tem papel de destaque no processo educativo, é preciso que o professor avance em sua compreensão acerca desse elemento, considerando suas especificidades, sejam elas curriculares, sociais ou de outra natureza.
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Ježek, Jan. "Statistický modul k pracovní databázi TIVOLE." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217191.
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Presented thesis thesis is written for IBM Company, specifically IBM IDC Czech Republic, s.r.o. branch. The thesis describes development of statistic module for work database TIVOLE utilizing Lotus Notes program. The basic aim of the thesis is to ease creation of reports and graphical data outputs in relation to speed of operator´s work while narrowing down the required time of human resources for solving problems.
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Cortez, Pisano Maria Giralda. "El proceso de creación de los juegos de mesa peruanos y la influencia de los juegos de mesa antecesores. Casos de estudio: C.T.M, Cholopoly y Presidente." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654564.
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Esta investigación explica el proceso de creación de los juegos de mesa peruanos modernos, viendo cómo el diseño se ve involucrado en todo el proceso, desde la idea base hasta el aspecto visual del juego. Se parte de la hipótesis que existen dos procesos que son consecutivos y que se complementan entre sí para poder crear un juego. Además, se identifican tres tipos de influencia en los procesos de diseño de los juegos de mesa peruanos, como en C.T.M, Cholopoly y Presidente.
La investigación es cualitativa y no experimental, ya que se observan los procesos en base al análisis visual de los juegos tomados como muestra y a las entrevistas realizadas a los creadores de esos juegos.
Los resultados muestran que, antes de iniciar los procesos de diseño, se analizan referentes. Después, se realiza la idea de juego, donde se crean temáticas asociadas al contexto político peruano. Además, se emplean gráficas llamativas, exageradas y humorísticas, que guardan relación con el anterior proceso y que causan alto impacto en el usuario, así como también sirven de guía durante la partida.
Por lo tanto, se concluye que el proceso de diseño de un juego de mesa se divide en propuesta de juego y propuesta gráfica. Estos procesos difieren en que en el primero se consolida la idea central de juego, mientras que en el segundo se realiza el aspecto visual; y se vinculan porque ambos reflejan la idiosincrasia política local.<br>This investigation explains the creation process of modern Peruvian board games, because graphic design gets involved in the whole process, from the central idea to the visual appearance of a board game. Starting from the hypothesis, which states that there are two consecutive processes that complement each other in order to create a board game. Furthermore, there are three types of influence in the Peruvian board games design processes, as in C.T.M, Cholopoly and Presidente.
This is a qualitative and non-experimental research since the processes are observed based on visual analysis of the case study games and the interviews with the creators of those games.
Results show that, before starting the design processes, referents were analyzed. Later, the game idea is created, where topics are associated with the Peruvian political context. Also, extravagant highly-coloured and jokey graphics, which are related to the previous process, are used in order to highly impact and also to guide players during the game.
Therefore, it is concluded that the design process of a board game is divided into game proposal and graphic proposal. These processes differ in that the first one consolidates the central idea of the game, whereas in the second one the game's visual aspect is carried out; and both are similar because they reflect the local political idiosyncrasy.<br>Trabajo de investigación
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Veras, Claudio Monteiro. "A estatística nas séries iniciais: uma experiência de formação com um grupo colaborativo com professores polivalentes." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11462.
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Previous issue date: 2010-06-01<br>Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo<br>The objective of this research is to investigate the comprehension of a group of classroom teachers in a collaborative group, they teach math in early grades, in relation to the activities of Statistics, considering praxeological organization and specifically the understandings that these teachers have in relation to construction and reading graphs and tables into consideration the levels proposed by Curcio and Wainer. In order to answer the following research question "What are the contributions that training within a collaborative group, brings to the formation of a group of classroom teachers?" We develop a survey, which had 16 primary school teachers attended a collaborative group. The data were collected in five meetings, in which four issues were worked out-situations involving reading and constructing graphs and tables and a meeting of a questionnaire to final diagnoses as our training in the collaborative group. This analysis showed a significant performance by these teachers with regard to reading and constructing graphs and tables, according to the levels proposed by Curcio and Wainer, thereby verified that the group collaboration was effective for the formation of this group of teachers<br>O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar a compreensão de um grupo de professores polivalentes em um grupo colaborativo, que ensinam matemática nas séries iniciais, em relação às atividades de Estatística, considerando a Organização Praxeológica e especificamente as compreensões que esses professores apresentam em relação à construção e leitura de gráficos e tabelas considerando os níveis propostos por Curcio e Wainer. Com a finalidade de responder a seguinte questão de pesquisa Quais as contribuições que uma formação, dentro de um grupo colaborativo, traz para a formação de um grupo de professores polivalentes? Para tanto, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa, na qual contou com 16 professores polivalentes na qual participaram de um grupo colaborativo. Os dados coletados foram em cinco encontros, na qual quatro foram trabalhados situações-problemas envolvendo leitura e construção de gráficos e tabelas e um encontro aplicação de um questionário final para diagnosticar como foi nossa formação no grupo colaborativo. Essa análise mostrou um desempenho significativo por parte desses professores no que diz respeito à leitura e construção de gráficos e tabelas, segundo os níveis propostos por Curcio e Wainer, desse modo verificamos que o grupo colaborativo foi eficiente para a formação desse grupo de professores
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Rodrigues, Corina. "Leitura e interpretação de gráficos e tabelas: um estudo comparativo sobre o desempenho de alunos de licenciatura em matemática, pedagogia e bacharelado em administração." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11417.
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Previous issue date: 2009-10-20<br>Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo<br>This research investigated what are the basic skills of students in the mathematics, pedagogy and
bachelor in Business Administration courses with respect to reading and interpreting of graphics and tables in the
Statistics´ subject. The choice to investigate how the statistics is taught in mathematics, among many graduate
courses occurred because we believe that the future teachers of mathematics will be responsible for teaching the
basic statistics of a analytical manner. So, when they will be educators, they will be responsible for introduction
the same statistics in school, but in a more pictorial and less analytical manner. The Administration course was
chosen because we believe that it is a course that makes of the basic statistics a "discipline of service", with
emphasis on reading and interpreting of graphs and tables and the applicability of its career in contexts of user
statistics. In hypothesis that students had better performance ahead situations that involving the reading and
interpreting of graphs and tables than students of the Mathematics and Pedagogy courses, we apply a diagnostic
test 174 students divided in the following way: 72 students in Mathematics course, 48 students in pedagogy
course and 54 students in Administration course. About the theoretical and epistemological aspect, our research
follows an empirical analytic approach with perspective descriptive. The type of collection follows the precepts of
a naturalistic or field research, and the analysis of results, a qualitative and quantitative approach that organize
comparison between the performances of three groups. This analysis showed us that in the performance of
students in Mathematics course were statistically more positive than the performance of students in administration
and these, more positive than the performance of the students in pedagogy, refuting our research hypothesis<br>A presente pesquisa investigou quais são os conhecimentos básicos de um grupo de alunos dos cursos
de Licenciatura em Matemática, Pedagogia e bacharelado em Administração com relação à leitura e
interpretação de gráficos e tabelas estudados na disciplina de Estatística. A escolha de investigar como a
Estatística é ensinada na licenciatura em Matemática, dentre tantos cursos de licenciatura, deu-se por
acreditarmos serem esses futuros professores de Matemática, os responsáveis por ensinar de uma forma mais
analítica, a Estatística básica nas escolas. Os futuros Pedagogos, ao optarem pelo curso de Pedagogia, poderão
introduzi-la nas escolas, porém de forma mais pictórica e menos analítica. O bacharelado em Administração foi
escolhido por entendermos ser um curso que faz da Estatística básica uma disciplina de serviço , com ênfase na
leitura e interpretação de gráficos e tabelas e pela aplicabilidade em sua carreira em contexto de usuário da
Estatística. Tendo como hipótese que os alunos de Administração apresentariam melhor desempenho frente às
situações que envolvem a leitura e interpretação de gráficos e tabelas do que os alunos de Licenciatura em
Matemática e Pedagogia; aplicamos um teste diagnóstico em 174 sujeitos divididos da seguinte forma: 72
sujeitos de Licenciatura em Matemática, 48 sujeitos de Pedagogia e 54 de bacharelado em Administração.
Quanto ao aspecto teórico-epistemológico nossa pesquisa segue uma abordagem empírico-analítica com
perspectiva descritiva. O tipo de coleta segue os preceitos de uma pesquisa naturalista ou de campo e, a análise
dos resultados, uma abordagem quali-quantitativa promovendo uma comparação entre os desempenhos dos três
grupos. Essa análise nos evidenciou que os desempenhos dos sujeitos de Licenciatura em Matemática foram
estatisticamente mais positivos que os desempenhos dos sujeitos de Administração e estes, mais positivos que
os desempenhos dos sujeitos de Pedagogia, refutando nossa hipótese de pesquisa
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Björkman, Hanna. "Designing a board game rulebook It is harder than you would think." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medie- och Informationsteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-160510.
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This thesis has explored how to create a board game rulebook, for the board game Curators, in order to facilitate learning the rules as well as reminding players of the rules. This was done via research through design. The design of a rulebook incorporates many parts of design theory, from layout and typography to the use of color, gestalt principles, and images. All these were combined with knowledge about how existing rulebooks convey rules and the way board gamers use rulebooks, gained through the pre-study, in order to create a rulebook for the coming board game Curators. The analysis of this study shows that the resulting rulebook was successful in both teaching the game and helping players look up rules, though improvements could still be made to make it better. It was concluded that the use of many iterations of designing and testing is ideal for creating a rulebook with as few issues as possible.
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Kendra, Matej. "Rozhraní pro hry s dataprojektorem a Leap Motion." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-255471.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis describes various game interfaces for human and gradually there are shown more modern and common available interfaces. Work closely describes how you can play games on a regular projector and sensors for gestures detection - Kinect and Leap Motion. This work focus on evaluation of aspects of table-game design with these components and also on display view calibration between projector and Leap Motion. Part of the project is devoted to describing the board game Catan, of which rules are taken to write down specification and options of player. According to this knowledge is then described the design of the play-set and the design of several interfaces of the game. Implementation is briefly described and final chapters covers forms of the testing methods of interfaces and testing evaluation from user perspective.
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Bräne, Arvid. "User Experience Design for Children : Developing and Testing a UX Framework." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-125935.
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Designing good digital experiences for children can be difficult; designers have to consider children's cognitive and motor skill limitations, understand their target audience, create something entertaining and educational, comply with national and international jurisdiction, and at the same time appeal to parents. We set out to create a general framework which designers and developers can use as a foundation and testing ground for their digital products in the field of user experience. The methods used during the thesis include interviews, literature studies, user testing, case studies, personas, prototyping, and more. The results created are primarily user experience guidelines packaged in a Theoretical Framework, user testing conclusions, along with suggestions on improving the current Lego Star Wars: Force Builders application, a few in the form of prototypes.
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Pereira, Silvana. "A leitura e interpretação de tabelas e gráficos para alunos do 6º ano do ensino fundamental: uma intervenção de ensino." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11433.
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Previous issue date: 2009-10-21<br>Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo<br>The purpose of this study was to investigate the progress and limitations of an educational intervention in the 6th year of elementary school to a public school in the State of São Paulo, in order to answer the following research question: "What are the advances and limitations that an educational intervention for students in 6th grade of elementary school with a view to appropriate reading and interpreting graphs and tables? We've developed a research interventionist nature, which was attended by two groups: an experimental group - EG with 35 students, through the intervention of education and the application of two diagnostic tests, and the other was the control group - CG, also with 35 students, which were applied to diagnostic tests, both formed by students in the 6th grade of elementary school. The theoretical framework of this research relied on studies Wainer (1992) for the tables were also used studies Curcio (1989) on understanding graphics, and the Theory of Semiotics Records Offices of Duval (1992). The data collected through the diagnostic tests were analyzed in light of those theories. And this analysis showed us a significant performance by students of GE in the post-test. The results were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively and allowed us to infer that the teaching intervention was effective in its purpose of promoting learning<br>O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar os avanços e limitações de uma intervenção
de ensino no 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola da Rede Pública do
Estado de São Paulo, com a finalidade de responder a seguinte questão de
pesquisa: Quais os avanços e limitações que uma intervenção de ensino para
alunos do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental com vistas à apropriação de leitura e
interpretação de gráficos e tabelas? Para tanto, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa com
caráter intervencionista, a qual contou com dois grupos: um grupo experimental
GE com 35 alunos, passando pela intervenção de ensino e a aplicação de dois
testes diagnósticos, e o outro foi o grupo controle GC, também com 35 alunos, no
qual foram aplicados os testes diagnósticos, ambos formados por alunos do 6º ano
do Ensino Fundamental. O quadro teórico dessa pesquisa contou com os estudos de
Wainer (1992) referentes às tabelas, também foram utilizados os estudos de Curcio
(1989) sobre compreensão gráfica, e a Teoria de Registros de Representações
Semióticas de Duval (1992). Os dados coletados por intermédio dos testes
diagnósticos realizados foram analisados a luz dessas mesmas teorias. E essa
análise mostrou-nos um desempenho significativo por parte dos alunos do GE no
pós-teste. Os resultados, analisados qualitativa e quantitativamente nos permitiram
inferir que a intervenção de ensino foi eficaz no seu propósito de promover a
aprendizagem. O destaque positivo da intervenção ficou por conta das questões
relacionadas ao nível avançado, tanto na leitura e interpretação de tabelas quanto
nos gráficos, cujos resultados foram significativos e superiores aos obtidos no nível
intermediário
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Pagan, Maria Adriana. "A interdisciplinaridade como proposta pedagógica para o ensino de estatística na educação básica." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11439.
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Previous issue date: 2010-02-03<br>Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo<br>The objective of this study was to compare the learning gains of three different student
groups in first year high school who had contact with elementary concepts of statistics
from Mathematics lessons (GM), Geography (GG) and Mathematics lessons applied
interdisciplinary (statistics taught from Geography, Biology, Physics and Chemistry
contents) (GI). To achieve this aim a study was done on a quasi-experimental basis which
consisted of three groups of 35 students each at a public school in the state of São Paulo.
It was applied two diagnostic tests (pre and post-test) at the study and the intervention
was performed in each group by different teachers composing GM, GG and GI groups.
The theoretical framework of this study included the theory of semiotics Records Offices of
Raymond Duval (1995) about the change in registration; studies by Curcio (1989) and
Wainer (1992) regarding to the levels of reading and interpreting data in graphs and tables
respectively and the Literacy, Reasoning and Statistical Thinking with several authors as
Cazorla (2002, 2005), Gal (2002), Lopes (2004), Morais (2006), Silva (2007) and Campos
(2007). The interdisciplinary aspects were based on Fazenda (1994), Klein (2007) and
Lenoir (2007) and the arithmetics in Novaes and Coutinho (2008). The study aimed to
answer the following question: "What are the contributions that an educational intervention
based on the principles of interdisciplinarity bring to the learning of statistics?" To answer
this question the study was based on quantitative analysis of the results obtained in the
tests applied to the three groups and a qualitative analysis of results presented by the
students in the GI. The analysis showed a gain with the use of educational intervention at
the three groups GM, GG and GI on the statistical study (construction, interpretation and
arithmetic), but one significant performance was presented by students of the
interdisciplinary group after educational intervention. This result allowed inferring that the
teaching of Statistics based on an interdisciplinary approach proved its effectiveness as
the interest of students in dealing with issues as well as their knowledge were reinforced
by their understanding of statistical elements<br>O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os ganhos de aprendizagem de três grupos de
alunos da 1ª série do Ensino Médio que tiveram contato com conceitos elementares da
Estatística a partir das aulas de Matemática (GM), de Geografia (GG) e de aulas de
Matemática aplicadas de forma interdisciplinar (Estatística a partir de conteúdos de
Geografia, Biologia, Física e Química) (GI). Para atingir este objetivo, foi feito um estudo
de caráter do tipo quase-experimental que contou com três grupos compostos de 35
alunos de uma escola da rede pública estadual da cidade de São Paulo. No estudo foram
aplicados dois testes diagnósticos (pré e pós-teste) e uma intervenção de ensino ocorrida
em cada grupo, realizada por professores distintos que compunham os grupos GM, GG e
GI. O quadro teórico do estudo contou com a teoria dos Registros de Representações
Semiótica de Raymond Duval (1995) quanto à mudança de registro. Os estudos
realizados por Curcio (1989) e Wainer (1992), quanto aos níveis de leitura e interpretação
de dados em gráficos e tabelas, respectivamente; o Letramento, Raciocínio e
Pensamento Estatístico com diversos autores como Cazorla (2002, 2005), Gal (2002),
Lopes (2004), Morais (2006), Silva (2007) e Campos (2007). Quanto a
interdisciplinaridade contou com Fazenda (1994), Klein (2007) e Lenoir (2007) e para a
média aritmética com Novaes e Coutinho (2008). O estudo propôs-se a responder à
seguinte questão: Quais as contribuições que uma intervenção de ensino pautada nos
princípios da interdisciplinaridade traz para a aprendizagem da Estatística? Para
responder à questão de pesquisa, tomou-se por base as análises quantitativas dos
resultados obtidos nos testes aplicados nos três grupos e uma análise qualitativa dos
resultados apresentados pelos alunos do grupo GI. As análises mostraram um ganho
com a intervenção de ensino nos três grupos GM, GG e GI no que diz respeito aos
elementos estatísticos estudados (construção, interpretação e média aritmética), porém
um desempenho significativo foi apresentado pelos alunos do grupo da
Interdisciplinaridade após a intervenção de ensino. O resultado permitiu inferir que o
ensino de Estatística, pautado nos moldes da interdisciplinaridade mostrou-se eficaz
quanto ao interesse por parte dos alunos em tratar de assuntos e, também, quanto ao
ganho adquirido no que diz respeito ao conhecimento dos elementos estatísticos
estudados
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Balon, Laurent. "Transcription de Garin de Monglane à partir du manuscrit du XIVe siècle Royal 20 DXI de la British Library : description méthodique et analyses linguistiques (volume I) ; transcription des 12590 vers de la copie de Londres (volume II) ; notes, glossaire, table des noms propres (volume III)." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030093.
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L’objectif de cette étude est double : faire connaître un texte encore non édité à partir de la transcription la plus fidèle possible d’un manuscrit sélectionné comme un témoin historique authentique au plan de l’histoire littéraire mais aussi d’un état de langue donné. La transcription méthodique du texte sert donc à mettre au jour certaines pratiques linguistiques du copiste. On y observe des usages graphiques qui dépassent la fonction phonogrammique, reconnue comme primordiale à l’origine, pour atteindre à un usage morphogrammique mis en valeur par des graphies spécifiques faisant apparaître la récurrence de morphèmes grammaticaux et lexicaux ; d’autre part, des micro-systèmes apparaissent à travers l’emploi original des séquences et des segmentations graphiques qui, dans ce manuscrit, procèdent bien souvent d’un geste réflexif. Ces observations conduisent à penser qu’une « grammaire » du français remonte au-delà du XVe siècle. On décèlerait ainsi chez ce copiste une amorce de réflexion grammaticale sur la procédure de « mise en texte » de son manuscrit qui annoncerait la « mise en théorie » du français, caractéristique du XVe et surtout du XVIe siècles. Alors qu’il se situe bien antérieurement à toute forme de norme prescriptive, ce manuscrit, qui à côté d’usages linguistiques plus traditionnels (XIIe-XIIIe siècles) met en place un certain nombre de micro-systèmes tant dans le fonctionnement des graphies que dans celui des séquences graphiques, n’en annonce pas moins quelques uns des principes qui conduiront à la codification standardisée du français. De ce point de vue, il permet de déceler l’existence d’un continuum dans l’histoire des pratiques manuscrites du français, inscrivant cette étude dans les perspectives de la recherche contemporaine sur la Diachronie du français<br>The aim of this study is double: bringing to know a not yet edited text and this through the most faithful possible transcription of a manuscript selected as an authentic historic witness to the plan of the literary history but also the given state of language. The systematic transcription of the text thus serves to bring to light certain linguistic practices of the scribe. On the one hand; we observe graphic uses which exceed the phonogrammic function, recognized originally as essential, to achieve a morphogrammic use emphasized by specific written forms which crea the recurrence of grammatical and lexical morphemes ; on the other hand, micro-systems appear through the original use of sequences and graphic segmentations which, in this manuscript, proceed very often from a reflexive movement. These observations are leading to think that a "grammar" of French goes back up beyond the XVth century. We would thus reveal in the case of this scribe an onset of grammatical reflection on the “writing procedures” of his manuscript which would announce the “theorization of French”, characteristic of the XVth and especially of XVIth centuries. While it is situated well before any form of standard prescriptive, this manuscript, which beside more traditional linguistic practices (XIIth-XIIIth centuries) sets up a certain number of micro-systems in the functioning of written forms as well as in that of the " graphic sequences ", announces nevertheless some of the principles which will lead to the normed codification of French. From this point of view, this manuscript allows to reveal the existence of a continuum in the history of the handwritten practices of French, registering this study in the perspectives of contemporary research on the French Diachrony
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Ghanmi, Nabil. "Segmentation d'images de documents manuscrits composites : application aux documents de chimie." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0109/document.
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Cette thèse traite de la segmentation structurelle de documents issus de cahiers de chimie. Ce travail est utile pour les chimistes en vue de prendre connaissance des conditions des expériences réalisées. Les documents traités sont manuscrits, hétérogènes et multi-scripteurs. Bien que leur structure physique soit relativement simple, une succession de trois régions représentant : la formule chimique de l’expérience, le tableau des produits utilisés et un ou plusieurs paragraphes textuels décrivant le déroulement de l’expérience, les lignes limitrophes des régions portent souvent à confusion, ajouté à cela des irrégularités dans la disposition des cellules du tableau, rendant le travail de séparation un vrai défi. La méthodologie proposée tient compte de ces difficultés en opérant une segmentation à plusieurs niveaux de granularité, et en traitant la segmentation comme un problème de classification. D’abord, l’image du document est segmentée en structures linéaires à l’aide d’un lissage horizontal approprié. Le seuil horizontal combiné avec une tolérance verticale avantage le regroupement des éléments fragmentés de la formule sans trop fusionner le texte. Ces structures linéaires sont classées en Texte ou Graphique en s’appuyant sur des descripteurs structurels spécifiques, caractéristiques des deux classes. Ensuite, la segmentation est poursuivie sur les lignes textuelles pour séparer les lignes du tableau de celles de la description. Nous avons proposé pour cette classification un modèle CAC qui permet de déterminer la séquence optimale d’étiquettes associées à la séquence des lignes d’un document. Le choix de ce type de modèle a été motivé par sa capacité à absorber la variabilité des lignes et à exploiter les informations contextuelles. Enfin, pour le problème de la segmentation de tableaux en cellules, nous avons proposé une méthode hybride qui fait coopérer deux niveaux d’analyse : structurel et syntaxique. Le premier s’appuie sur la présence des lignes graphiques et de l’alignement de texte et d’espaces ; et le deuxième tend à exploiter la cohérence de la syntaxe très réglementée du contenu des cellules. Nous avons proposé, dans ce cadre, une approche contextuelle pour localiser les champs numériques dans le tableau, avec reconnaissance des chiffres isolés et connectés. La thèse étant effectuée dans le cadre d’une convention CIFRE, en collaboration avec la société eNovalys, nous avons implémenté et testé les différentes étapes du système sur une base conséquente de documents de chimie<br>This thesis deals with chemistry document segmentation and structure analysis. This work aims to help chemists by providing the information on the experiments which have already been carried out. The documents are handwritten, heterogeneous and multi-writers. Although their physical structure is relatively simple, since it consists of a succession of three regions representing: the chemical formula of the experiment, a table of the used products and one or more text blocks describing the experimental procedure, several difficulties are encountered. In fact, the lines located at the region boundaries and the imperfections of the table layout make the separation task a real challenge. The proposed methodology takes into account these difficulties by performing segmentation at several levels and treating the region separation as a classification problem. First, the document image is segmented into linear structures using an appropriate horizontal smoothing. The horizontal threshold combined with a vertical overlapping tolerance favor the consolidation of fragmented elements of the formula without too merge the text. These linear structures are classified in text or graphic based on discriminant structural features. Then, the segmentation is continued on text lines to separate the rows of the table from the lines of the raw text locks. We proposed for this classification, a CRF model for determining the optimal labelling of the line sequence. The choice of this kind of model has been motivated by its ability to absorb the variability of lines and to exploit contextual information. For the segmentation of table into cells, we proposed a hybrid method that includes two levels of analysis: structural and syntactic. The first relies on the presence of graphic lines and the alignment of both text and spaces. The second tends to exploit the coherence of the cell content syntax. We proposed, in this context, a Recognition-based approach using contextual knowledge to detect the numeric fields present in the table. The thesis was carried out in the framework of CIFRE, in collaboration with the eNovalys campany.We have implemented and tested all the steps of the proposed system on a consequent dataset of chemistry documents
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Mastrela, Rogerio. "Modelagem matemática e as tecnologias da informação e comunicação no processo ensino-aprendizagem." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4179.
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Previous issue date: 2014-08-07<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>The research reported in this work aims to investigate the contribution of using the
methodologies “Mathematical Modeling” and “Information and Communication
Technologies” (ICTs) in the teaching-learning process of some mathematical concepts,
namely: percentage, rule of three, interest, tables and graphs. These concepts were developed
in a way that enable involved students relate them to their quotidian. The study was developed
in a class of eighth grade (8th grade) of the Basic School at the Municipal School "Arminda
Rosa de Mesquita", located in the rural area of Catalão-Goiás. Questionnaires, field diary and
filming were the tools used and analyzed from a qualitative and quantitative approach. This
analysis revealed evidences that the used methodologies brought advances in analytical and
critical development of the involved students, as well as helped to develop the skills of logical
reasoning, problem solving and argumentation. Students acted as builders of their own
knowledge through interaction among themselves and with the teacher, who became an
advisor. Furthermore, it could be verified that Mathematical Modeling and ICTs make
students feel a great pleasure, because they are dealing with everyday situations. And working
with computers gave new meaning to the contents studied.<br>A pesquisa relatada neste trabalho tem como propósito investigar a contribuição da
utilização das metodologias Modelagem Matemática e das Tecnologias da Informação e
Comunicação (TIC´s) no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de alguns conceitos matemáticos,
a saber: porcentagem, regra de três, juros, tabelas e gráficos. Estes conceitos foram
trabalhados visando permitir a cada aluno envolvido relacioná-los com seu cotidiano. O
trabalho foi desenvolvido em uma turma de oitavo ano (8°ano) do Ensino Fundamental da
Escola Municipal “Arminda Rosa de Mesquita”, situada na zona rural do município de
Catalão-Goiás. Foram utilizados, como instrumentos mediadores do processo: questionários,
diário de campo e filmagens, os quais foram analisados a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa
e quantitativa. Com a análise dos dados obtidos foi possível perceber que a metodologia
utilizada trouxe indícios de avanços no desenvolvimento analítico e crítico dos envolvidos,
além de possibilitar o desenvolvimento das habilidades de raciocínio lógico, de resolução de
problemas e de argumentação. Os alunos atuaram como construtores do próprio conhecimento
através da interação entre eles e com o professor, que passou a ter um papel de orientador.
Além disso, verificou-se que, ao trabalhar em conjunto a modelagem com as TIC’s, os alunos
sentem um grande prazer, pois lidam com situações cotidianas. E trabalhar com a informática
deu um novo sentido aos conteúdos estudados.
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Barnett, Jamie Marie. "Do You Read Me? Objects of Language and the Language of Objects." VCU Scholars Compass, 2005. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd_retro/101.
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My project investigates the intersection of typography and furniture. It questions the language of these objects and compares the two, based on an assumption of similarity. Each supports the assertion of the language system of the other.
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Ribeiro, José Odair. "Leitura e interpretação de gráficos e tabelas: um estudo exploratório com professores." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11259.
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Previous issue date: 2007-10-10<br>Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo<br>The purpose of this study is to investigate the reading and interpretation of
graphs and tables by specialist and non specialist teachers at Math, which act in
Elementary School, with the objective of answering the following research
question: What are the conceptions and competences that specialist and non
specialist teachers at Math, which act in Elementary school have about basic
concepts of Statistics? For such, a diagnostic research was developed with 40
teachers (20 polyvalent teachers G1 and 20 specialist at Math G2), coming
from two schools of the public state network of the city of Mauá SP. The field
work was constituted of two steps applying of the diagnostic tool, for both G1
and G2 and applying of semi-structured interviews in 10% of G1 and G2. The
results obtained in each of these steps were analyzed, considering the object of
the research reading and interpretation of graphs and tables as well as the four
types of graphs used (column graph, line graph, sector graph and bar graph), a
table of double entry and the concept of arithmetic average. The results showed
the superiority of G2 over G1 and indicated that the conceptions and competences
of teachers from both groups are still linked to a technicist view of Statistics,
limited to a simple interpretation of basic concepts<br>Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a leitura e a interpretação de
gráficos e tabelas por professores especialistas e não especialistas em
Matemática, que atuam no Ensino Fundamental, com a finalidade de responder à
seguinte questão de pesquisa: Quais as concepções e competências que os
professores especialistas e não especialistas em Matemática, que atuam no
Ensino Fundamental têm sobre conceitos básicos de Estatística? Para tanto, foi
desenvolvida uma pesquisa diagnóstica com 40 professores (20 polivalentes G1
e 20 especialistas em Matemática G2), advindos de duas escolas da rede
pública estadual da cidade de Mauá SP. O trabalho de campo contemplou duas
etapas aplicação do instrumento diagnóstico, tanto no G1 como no G2 e
aplicação de entrevistas semi-estruturada em 10% de G1 e G2. Os resultados
obtidos em cada uma das etapas foram analisados, considerando o objeto da
pesquisa leitura e interpretação de gráficos e tabelas bem como os quatro
tipos de gráficos usados (gráfico de colunas, gráfico de linhas, gráfico de setores
e gráfico de barras), uma tabela de dupla entrada e o conceito de média
aritmética. Os resultados evidenciaram a superioridade do G2 sobre o G1 e
indicaram que as concepções e competências dos professores de ambos os
grupos, ainda, se encontram vinculadas a uma visão tecnicista da Estatística,
limitada a uma interpretação simples dos conceitos básicos
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Constant, Matthieu. "Grammaires locales pour l'analyse automatique de textes : méthodes de construction et outils de gestion." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00626252.
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L'explosion du nombre de documents disponibles (notamment sur Internet) a rendu le domaine du Traitement Automatique des Langues (TAL) et ses outils incontournables. De nombreux chercheurs marquent l'importance de la linguistique dans ce domaine. Ils préconisent la construction de larges bases de descriptions linguistiques, composées de lexiques et de grammaires. Cette démarche a un gros inconvénient : elle nécessite un investissement lourd qui s'inscrit sur le long terme. Pour palier à ce problème, il est nécessaire de mettre au point des méthodes et des outils informatiques d'aide à la construction de composants linguistiques fins et directement applicables à des textes. Nous nous sommes penché sur le problème des grammaires locales qui décrivent des contraintes précises et locales sous la forme de graphes. Deux questions fondamentales se posent : - Comment construire efficacement des grammaires précises, complètes et applicables à des textes ? - Comment gérer leur nombre et leur éparpillement ? Comme solution au premier problème, nous avons proposé un ensemble de méthodes simples et empiriques. Nous avons exposé des processus d'analyse linguistique et de représentation à travers deux phénomènes : les expressions de mesure (un immeuble d'une hauteur de 20 mètres) et les adverbes de lieu contenant un nom propre locatif (à l'île de la Réunion), deux points critiques du TAL. Sur la base de M. Gross (1975), nous avons ramené chaque phénomène à une phrase élémentaire. Ceci nous a permis de classer sémantiquement certains phénomènes au moyen de critères formels. Nous avons systématiquement étudié le comportement de ces phrases selon les valeurs lexicales de ses éléments. Les faits observés ont ensuite été représentés formellement soit directement dans des graphes à l'aide d'un éditeur, soit par l'intermédiaire de tables syntaxiques ensuite converties semiautomatiquement en graphes. Au cours de notre travail, nous avons été confronté à des systèmes relationnels de tables syntaxiques pour lesquels la méthode standard de conversion due à E. Roche (1993) ne fonctionnait plus. Nous avons donc élaboré une nouvelle méthode adaptée avec des formalismes et des algorithmes permettant de gérer le cas où les informations sur les graphes à construire se trouvent dans plusieurs tables. En ce qui concerne le deuxième problème, nous avons proposé et implanté un prototype de système de gestion de grammaires locales : une bibliothèque en-ligne de graphes. Le but à terme est de centraliser et de diffuser les grammaires locales construites au sein du réseau RELEX. Nous avons conçu un ensemble d'outils permettant à la fois de stocker de nouveaux graphes et de rechercher des graphes suivant différents critères. L'implémentation d'un moteur de recherche de grammaires nous a également permis de nous pencher sur un nouveau champ d'investigation dans le domaine de la recherche d'information : la recherche d'informations linguistiques dans des grammaires locales.
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Reis, Romeu Mauro dos. "Tratamento da informação e o ENEM: a matemática na trama da avaliação." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11431.
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Previous issue date: 2009-10-21<br>Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo<br>This study has as goal to analyze the development and the strategies used by pupils from the 3rd. year from the Medium Study (E.M.) in solving questions that involves the reading and interpretation of graphics and tables from questions of the National Exam of the Medium Study (ENEM) that present this theme, for asking the following questions from the research: What are the performance and strategies that the pupils from the 3rd. year from the Medium Study used to solve the questions involving reading and interpretation of graphics and tables from questions from ENEM ? For this it was developed a descriptive research with 40 (forty) pupils from the 3rd. Year from EM from a public school in São Paulo, divided firstly in two groups from 20 pupils, named as G1 pupils who studied Statistics and G2. who didn´t study Statistics . The research shared in two moments: the first worked in an application of a diagnostic instrument divided in two parts: part (A): questions that were used as grounds to collect the data related to the subjects ` profile. Part (B): eight objective questions to identify the performance and the strategies from the pupils related to questions that present graphics and tables. At the second moment, it was carried out a interview pre-structured with some of the people who take part of the research to obtain data that cannot be taken only with a questionnaire. The result showed a tendency from G1 presents better performance than G2. However, in general, the performance from pupils in reading and interpretation the tables and graphics was unsatisfied. The strategies used sometime were limited at the conceptions got during the school years (percentage calculation, probability and so on) and, sometimes they were related to social contexts in which they believed as true. So we can conclude that the teaching of Statistics must be better at schools, given the pupils condition to recognize, understand and use them in a efficient way daily. In relation to the test from ENEM the quality from the questions must be much better elaborated<br>Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o desempenho e as estratégias utilizadas pelos alunos do 3º ano do Ensino Médio (E.M.) na resolução de questões que envolvam a leitura e a interpretação de gráficos e tabelas por meio das questões do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) que abordam este tema, a fim de responder à seguinte questão de pesquisa: QUAL O DESEMPENHO E QUAIS AS ESTRATÉGIAS UTILIZADAS PELOS ALUNOS DO 3º ANO DO ENSINO MÉDIO NA LEITURA E INTERPRETAÇÃO DE GRÁFICOS E TABELAS EM QUESTÕES DO ENEM? . Para tanto, foi desenvolvido uma pesquisa descritiva, com 40 alunos do 3º ano do E.M. de uma escola pública de São Paulo, distribuídos a priori em dois grupos de 20 alunos, definidos como G1 alunos que estudaram Estatística e G2 alunos que podem ou não ter estudado Estatística . A posteriore, os grupos foram redistribuídos, segundo o reconhecimento do aluno ter estudado ou não Estatística, ficando redefinidos como G 1 estudaram Estatística e G 2 não estudaram Estatística . A pesquisa dividiu-se em dois momentos: o primeiro, tratou da aplicação de um instrumento diagnóstico dividido em duas partes: parte (A): questionário que serviu de base para a coleta dos dados relacionados ao perfil dos sujeitos. Parte (B): questionário com oito questões objetivas, a fim de identificar o desempenho e as estratégias dos alunos, no que tange às questões referentes a gráficos e tabelas. No segundo momento, foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada com alguns dos sujeitos participantes da pesquisa para obter informações que não podiam ser colhidas somente com o questionário. Os resultados evidenciaram uma tendência do grupo G 1 apresentar melhor desempenho do que o G 2. No entanto, de maneira geral, o desempenho dos sujeitos em leitura e interpretação de tabelas e gráficos foi insatisfatório. As estratégias utilizadas ora estavam limitadas aos conceitos adquiridos durante os anos escolares (cálculo de porcentagem, probabilidade, outros) e, por vezes, encontravam-se vinculadas a contextos sociais, nos quais eles acreditavam como verdadeiros. Concluiu-se que o ensino de Estatística precisa melhorar nas escolas, de modo que o aluno possa reconhecê-la, entendê-la e empregá-la de forma eficiente em seu cotidiano. Em relação à prova do ENEM, a qualidade das questões deve passar por uma melhoria acentuada
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Araujo, Leticia de Castro. "Concepções e competências de um grupo de professores polivalentes relacionadas à leitura e interpretação de tabelas e gráficos." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11494.
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Previous issue date: 2007-05-09<br>Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo<br>I summarize starting from 1997 the Statistics teaching was included by the Parameters National Curriculares as one of the blocks of mathematical content to be taught in the initial series of the elementary school. To they analyze the grating curricular of some courses of Pedagogy; some researchers alerted for the scarce time in that the disciplines related to the Statististics are worked. In that way, the teacher s qualification is committed for the appearance of gaps in his formation that they impede him of understanding his role in the construction of that knowledge. However, the teacher needs to face some challenges to help the students in the construction of the knowledge in relation to the Statistics. The tables and graphs, mainly with respect to the extrapolation starting of the tendency of data. Another great challenge concerns the introduction of the concepts as average, modal value, medium, in such a way that these are not restricted to the use of the algorithm to calculate them, but that are to worked with meaning starting from situations that make sense for the students and justify their calculations. The objective of this work is the starting from a test diagnosis, to investigate which are the conceptions and competences of a group of educator relates to the reading and interpretation of tables and graphs. The test was divided in objective and dissertativas, and in the first category we will analyze the teacher s conception regarding the theme, when locating characteristics starting from numeric data in tables and graphs, as well as, if x
necessary, to formalize calculations: and in second, the competences, that is, which strategies used by him that you will help him to justify their answers. To we wake into account the results obtained in our research, we conclude that the formation of those teaches raising for experiences shared by the friends which is not linked necessarily to academic banks, but it plays fundamental part in the conception and the teacher s competence on learning and teaching of the Mathematics<br>A partir de 1997 o Tratamento da Informação foi incluído pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais como um dos blocos de conteúdo matemático a ser ensinado nas séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Ao analisarem as grades curriculares de alguns cursos de Pedagogia, alguns pesquisadores alertaram para o tempo escasso em que as disciplinas relacionadas à Estatística são trabalhadas. Dessa forma, a qualificação do Professor polivalente ou pedagogo fica comprometida pelo surgimento de lacunas em sua formação que o impedem de compreender o seu papel na construção desse conhecimento. Entretanto, o professor precisa enfrentar alguns desafios para ajudar os alunos na construção do conhecimento em relação à Estatística. O primeiro deles diz respeito à leitura e interpretação de tabelas e gráficos, principalmente no que tange à extrapolação a partir da tendência de dados. Outro grande desafio diz respeito à introdução dos conceitos como média moda e mediana, de tal forma que estes não fiquem restritos ao uso do algoritmo para calculá-los, mas que sejam trabalhados com significado a partir de situações que façam sentido para os alunos e justifiquem seus cálculos. O objetivo deste trabalho é a partir de um teste diagnóstico, investigar quais são as concepções e competências de um grupo de professores polivalentes relacionadas à leitura e interpretação de tabelas e gráficos. O teste foi dividido em questões objetivas e dissertativas, e na primeira categoria iremos analisar a concepção do professor a respeito do tema, ao localizar características a partir de dados numéricos em tabelas e gráficos, bem como se necessário, formalizar cálculos: e na segunda, as competências,
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isto é, quais estratégias utilizadas por ele que o ajudarão a justificar suas respostas. Ao levarmos em conta os resultados obtidos em nossa pesquisa, concluímos que a formação desses professores passa por experiências compartilhadas pelos colegas a qual não necessariamente está vinculada a bancos acadêmicos, mas desempenha papel fundamental na concepção e competência do professor sobre aprendizagem e ensino da Matemática
50
Petrides, Andreas. "Advances in the stochastic and deterministic analysis of multistable biochemical networks." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/279059.
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This dissertation is concerned with the potential multistability of protein concentrations in the cell that can arise in biochemical networks. That is, situations where one, or a family of, proteins may sit at one of two or more different steady state concentrations in otherwise identical cells, and in spite of them being in the same environment. Models of multisite protein phosphorylation have shown that this mechanism is able to exhibit unlimited multistability. Nevertheless, these models have not considered enzyme docking, the binding of the enzymes to one or more substrate docking sites, which are separate from the motif that is chemically modified. Enzyme docking is, however, increasingly being recognised as a method to achieve specificity in protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation cycles. Most models in the literature for these systems are deterministic i.e. based on Ordinary Differential Equations, despite the fact that these are accurate only in the limit of large molecule numbers. For small molecule numbers, a discrete probabilistic, stochastic, approach is more suitable. However, when compared to the tools available in the deterministic framework, the tools available for stochastic analysis offer inadequate visualisation and intuition. We firstly try to bridge that gap, by developing three tools: a) a discrete `nullclines' construct applicable to stochastic systems - an analogue to the ODE nullcines, b) a stochastic tool based on a Weakly Chained Diagonally Dominant M-matrix formulation of the Chemical Master Equation and c) an algorithm that is able to construct non-reversible Markov chains with desired stationary probability distributions. We subsequently prove that, for multisite protein phosphorylation and similar models, in the deterministic domain, enzyme docking and the consequent substrate enzyme-sequestration must inevitably limit the extent of multistability, ultimately to one steady state. In contrast, bimodality can be obtained in the stochastic domain even in situations where bistability is not possible for large molecule numbers. We finally extend our results to cases where we have an autophosphorylating kinase, as for example is the case with $Ca^{2+}$/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), a key enzyme in synaptic plasticity.