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Journal articles on the topic 'Graphite stick'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Sasaki, Naruo, Hideaki Okamoto, Shingen Masuda, Kouji Miura, and Noriaki Itamura. "Simulated Nanoscale Peeling Process of Monolayer Graphene Sheet: Effect of Edge Structure and Lifting Position." Journal of Nanomaterials 2010 (2010): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/742127.

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The nanoscale peeling of the graphene sheet on the graphite surface is numerically studied by molecular mechanics simulation. For center-lifting case, the successive partial peelings of the graphene around the lifting center appear as discrete jumps in the force curve, which induce the arched deformation of the graphene sheet. For edge-lifting case, marked atomic-scale friction of the graphene sheet during the nanoscale peeling process is found. During the surface contact, the graphene sheet takes the atomic-scale sliding motion. The period of the peeling force curve during the surface contact

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2

Gilmanshina, T. R., I. E. Illarionov, E. N. Zhirkov, and T. N. Stepanova. "INVESTIGATION OF THE METHOD OF INTRODUCING SURFACTANTS INTO THE COMPOSITION OF WATER NON-STICK COATINGS." IZVESTIA VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 7(254) (July 22, 2021): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2021-7-254-65-69.

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It is shown that the joint activation of graphite and carboxymethyl cellulose provides non-stick coatings with a higher level of properties than when this additive is introduced into the coating composition. The content of carboxymethyl cellulose should not exceed 1 wt. % by weight of graphite.

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3

Darianto, Darianto, Bobby Umroh, Amrinsyah Amrinsyah, and Zulfikar Zulfikar. "Numerical Simulation on Mechanical Strength of a Wooden Golf Stick." JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2, no. 1 (2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/jmemme.v2i1.1652.

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In general, golf players only know the techniques used in Golf games, but do not know the golf sticks response that occurs when the ball is hit. Referred to as response is the stress and strain that arises from the impact load that occurs when the hitting member touches the ball. The objectives of this research are: (a) to analyze golf sticks response when impact occurs, and (2) to know the stress distribution that occurs in golf sticks. The golf stick design in this study uses the autodesk inventor software. The material used is Titanium for head stick and Graphite for stick rod. The basic pr

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4

Wang, En Qiang, Min Cong Zhu, Ying Chen Zhang, and Deng Xin Li. "TiO₂ Nanotube Deposited in the Pores of Expanded Graphite by Microwave Irradiation." Advanced Materials Research 204-210 (February 2011): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.204-210.278.

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We prepared a composite photocatalyst of Stick TiO2nanorod loaded on expanded graphite(EG).The growth of TiO2in the pores of EG by sol–gel method under normal temperature and pressure was investigated. Results sugest that pores of the EG which can load catalyst particles (TiO2nanotube) is the physical base. Stick TiO2nanorod can be well loaded on EG to form EG/TiO2composite photocatalyst. So a unique process trying to load TiO2photocatalyst on EG to EG/TiO2composite photocatalyst was developed by us.

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5

Sung, James C., Ming Yi Tsai, Cheng Shiang Chou, Pei Lum Tso, and Ying Tung Chen. "The CMP by Polishing with GiP Dressed by BODD." Advanced Materials Research 126-128 (August 2010): 1013–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.126-128.1013.

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Due to the continual improvement of CMP technologies, and the need for polishing delicate wafers at high speed, graphite impregnated pads (GiP) dressed by brazed organic dia mond disks (BODD) can double the throughput of wafer-pass at the reduced cost of ownership (CoO). The increased polishing rate is due to the act of nano graphite particles that absorb slurry. The nano graphite particles coated with chemical and abrasive can achieve high removal rate without causing scratches on the wafer. In addition, nano graphite particles do not stick to wafer surfaces, so they can be cleaned easily. BO

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6

POLUSHIN, SERGEY, EVGENY RJUMTSEV, VLADIMIR NIKITIN, ANDREY PONOMAREV, and DMITRY LETENKO. "MAGNETO-OPTIC PROPERTIES OF CARBON NANOPARTICLES IN SUSPENSION." International Journal of Nanoscience 01, no. 03n04 (2002): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x02000346.

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The magnetic birefringence of the water suspension of materials containing up to 5% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) was investigated in this work. The observed magneto-optic effect may be considered as a superposition of competitive effects. The negative one is due to the presence of graphite nanoclusters in the suspension, and the positive effect is due to the stick-like nanostructures such as MWNTs and their aggregates. It was found that the speed of sedimentation for nanotubes is less than it for graphite-like particles. As a result, the enrichment process takes place.

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7

Rewolińska, Aleksandra Magdalena. "Experimental tests of static friction coefficient for selected material combinations of expanded graphite - steel used in sealing nodes." Mechanics 26, no. 2 (2020): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.mech.26.2.23875.

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The paper presents the results of static friction coefficient tests of selected material sets used in sealing nodes. Four graphite materials were tested - pure expanded graphite, expanded graphite with the addition of PTFE plastic of different densities (1.4 and 1.8 [g/cm3]) and expanded graphite laminated with austenitic steel foil - matching the steel surface. The combinations operated in a reciprocal movement. The measurements were made at different unit pressures (0.5, 2 and 5 MPa) and for different work cycles (0, 500, 1500 and 3000). On the basis of the results obtained, it was found tha

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8

Albaqami, Munirah D., N. Krishnamoorthy, S. D. Uma Mageswari, et al. "Flax- and Graphene-Reinforced Natural Fiber Nanocomposites under Cryogenic Environment for Constructional Applications." Journal of Nanomaterials 2022 (October 3, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4971582.

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Mostly at the micro- and nanoscales, efforts were made to produce innovative thermoplastic nanocomposite materials. These composites were reinforced with natural fibres and artificial additives with improved mechanical characteristics. This research entails the creation of a novel nanocomposite material made up of unsaturated polyester resin, graphite at the nanoscale, and flax fibres at the microscale. Flax fibres make up 4, 8, and 12% of the binding matrix’s weight, respectively. A constant quantity of nanoparticles equal to 4 wt% of the binding matrix is used. In order to stick the graphene

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9

Dou, Xuan, Andrew R. Koltonow, Xingliang He, et al. "Self-dispersed crumpled graphene balls in oil for friction and wear reduction." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 6 (2016): 1528–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1520994113.

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Ultrafine particles are often used as lubricant additives because they are capable of entering tribological contacts to reduce friction and protect surfaces from wear. They tend to be more stable than molecular additives under high thermal and mechanical stresses during rubbing. It is highly desirable for these particles to remain well dispersed in oil without relying on molecular ligands. Borrowing from the analogy that pieces of paper that are crumpled do not readily stick to each other (unlike flat sheets), we expect that ultrafine particles resembling miniaturized crumpled paper balls shou

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10

R Jadhav, Pankaj, B. R Sridhar, Madeva Nagaral, Jayasheel I Harti, and V. Auradi. "Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of B4C and Graphite Particulates Reinforced A356 Alloy Composites." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.23 (2018): 446. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.23.15330.

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The present works manages readiness of the composites by mix stirring method. A356 amalgam 4 wt. % of B4C and A356-4 wt. % of Graphite and A356-4% B4C-4% Graphite hybrid composites were readied. To enhance the wetting and uniform conveyance of the particles, fortifications were preheated to a temperature of 500 Degree Celsius. The arranged MMCs are subjected to examining SEM instrument which affirms the homogenous uniform appropriation of smaller scale B4C and Graphite particles in the lattice combination without agglomeration. The wear protection of arranged composites was examined by perform

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11

Ahlstand, Gib. "Methods for Preparing SEM Specimens for Micrography with Black Backgrounds." Microscopy Today 2, no. 5 (1994): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500066220.

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The basic trick is to produce a very smooth, featureless background, preferably using low Z (atomic number) or low density materials. The following three methods exploit in 1: round glass coverslips, in 2: double stick tape and/or colloidal graphite paint for backgrounds, and in 3: a combination low Z plus high Z conductive coating strategy is described which when used in combination with 2, also produces the desired background effect.1. I've done the following for pollen grains, rust spores, and soil particles (dried down onto glass coverslip support surface from water or ethanol, they just s

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12

Zhang, Ji, Ehsan Osloub, Fatima Siddiqui, Weixiang Zhang, Tarek Ragab, and Cemal Basaran. "Anisotropy of Graphene Nanoflake Diamond Interface Frictional Properties." Materials 12, no. 9 (2019): 1425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12091425.

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Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the frictional properties of the interface between graphene nanoflake and single crystalline diamond substrate have been investigated. The equilibrium distance between the graphene nanoflake and the diamond substrate has been evaluated at different temperatures. This study considered the effects of temperature and relative sliding angle between graphene and diamond. The equilibrium distance between graphene and the diamond substrate was between 3.34 Å at 0 K and 3.42 Å at 600 K, and it was close to the interlayer distance of graphite which was 3.35 Å.

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13

Kuryshchuk, Serhii, Taras Kovalyuk, Ivan Koziarskyi, and Mykhailo Solovan. "Structural, Electrical and Optical Properties of Graphite Films are Drawn with Pencils of Different Hardness." 3, no. 3 (September 2, 2022): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2312-4334-2022-3-12.

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The paper presents the results of studying the structural, optical and electrical properties of thin films of graphite depending on the hardness of the rods (2H, H, HB, B and 2B) obtained by the "Pencil-on-semiconductor" method. Such studies are of great importance for the further development of highly efficient devices based on heterojunctions for electronics and optoelectronics. Typical images of the surface formed by reflected electrons (BSE) were obtained using a scanning electron microscope and shown at three magnifications (100x, 500x and 1000x). Since the cores of the studied pencils co

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14

Hölscher, H., U. D. Schwarz, O. Zwörner, and R. Wiesendanger. "Consequences of the stick-slip movement for the scanning force microscopy imaging of graphite." Physical Review B 57, no. 4 (1998): 2477–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.57.2477.

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15

Wright, Edward L. "Fractal Dust Grains." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 135 (1989): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900125343.

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Dust particles in the interstellar medium are almost certainly not spherical or any other shape which allows an analytical calculation of the extinction curve, even in the Rayleign limit. Particles in soot and interplanetary dust particles are aggregates formed by subclusters which stick together. This paper uses the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) to compute the absorption and extinction curves for fractal shapes generated by this clustering process. For fractals made from graphite the UV extinction curve shows a bump near the observed 220 nm feature, and a far infrared emission efficienc

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16

Garcia, Luane Ferreira, Carlos Eduardo Peixoto da Cunha, Emily Kussmaul Gonçalves Moreno, et al. "Nanostructured TiO2 Carbon Paste Based Sensor for Determination of Methyldopa." Pharmaceuticals 11, no. 4 (2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph11040099.

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Methyldopa is a catecholamine widely used in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension whose determination in pharmaceutical formulae is of upmost importance for dose precision. Henceforth, a low-cost carbon paste electrode (CPE) consisting of graphite powder obtained from a crushed pencil stick was herein modified with nanostructured TiO2 (TiO2@CPE) aiming for the detection of methyldopa in pharmaceutical samples. The TiO2-modified graphite powder was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, which demonstrated the oxide nanostructured morphology. Results evide

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17

Ahlstand, Gib. "Standardizing SEM Beam Current for EDS Without Use of a Current Meter." Microscopy Today 2, no. 5 (1994): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500066323.

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If you do not have a Faraday-type incident beam current meter on your SEM, use the following procedure to set up a calibrated, reproducible beam current when doing EDS. Of course, you won't know the actual vaiue of the beam current in picoamps, but at least you'll know you can set the same value from sample to sample and day to day.Mount a small, clean metal foil, 2x3 mm, aluminum or copper, onto the edge of each stub that the samples and standards are mounted on using colloidal graphite paint or double stick tape (after carbon or other evaporative conductive coatings have been applied to samp

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18

Hölscher, H., U. D. Schwarz, O. Zwörner, and R. Wiesendanger. "Stick-slip movement of a scanned tip on a graphite surface in scanning force microscopy." Zeitschrift für Physik B Condensed Matter 104, no. 2 (1997): 295–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002570050452.

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19

Li, Hua, Mark W. Rutland, Masayoshi Watanabe, and Rob Atkin. "Boundary layer friction of solvate ionic liquids as a function of potential." Faraday Discussions 199 (2017): 311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6fd00236f.

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to investigate the potential dependent boundary layer friction at solvate ionic liquid (SIL)–highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and SIL–Au(111) interfaces. Friction trace and retrace loops of lithium tetraglyme bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide (Li(G4) TFSI) at HOPG present clearer stick-slip events at negative potentials than at positive potentials, indicating that a Li<sup>+</sup> cation layer adsorbed to the HOPG lattice at negative potentials which enhances stick-slip events. The boundary layer friction data for Li(G4) TFSI shows that at HO

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20

Peng, J. L., Long Chen Duan, Hao Shi, and Shao Lin Xu. "Study on Bit Body Materials Made of Tungsten Carbide and Steel Shot." Key Engineering Materials 487 (July 2011): 381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.487.381.

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This paper introduces a new kind of diamond bit body material. The characteristics of this material are as follows: the outer bit body cast with tungsten-carbide and the inside is steel shot. So the bit body has got high wear resistance on the outside and good mechanical properties inside at the same time. The mechanical properties inside and the wear resistance outside of the bit were tested. The paper also introduces how to apply a film of mixture of glue-included tungsten-carbide on the surface of the bit mold and graphite stick. The improvements of mechanical properties inside and maintena

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21

Rajagukguk, Kardo, Suyitno Suyitno, Harwin Saptoadi, et al. "The Start-Up Phase of Aluminum Billet Production Using Direct Chill Casting." Applied Mechanics and Materials 918 (January 9, 2024): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-ak62ye.

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Direct chill (DC) casting has been considered as one of the promising casting methods that can be used to produce aluminum alloys billet. The process is conducted by pouring aluminum metal into a water-cooled mold. The billet shell begins to form when molten aluminum contact directly with the mold (this is also known as primary cooling). Afterward, the starting block is pulled downwards at a specified casting speed to achieve desired aluminum billet. The start-up phase during the DC casting process is considered a crucial step since it may determine the formation of defects in the casting prod

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22

Milisavljevic, Smiljka, and Rastko Vukicevic. "Electrochemical chlorination of some 5-unsaturated steroids." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 69, no. 11 (2004): 941–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0411941m.

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Five 5-unsaturated steroids were subjected to constant current electrolysis (50 mA) in a dichloromethane solution of tetraethylammonium chloride in an undivided electrolytic cell at room temperature, using a graphite stick as the anode and a cooper spiral as the cathode. The addition of electrochemically generated elemental chlorine onto the double bond of cholesterol derivatives (5-cholestene, cholesteryl acetate, cholesteryl benzoate and 3-chloro-5-cholstene) gave the corresponding 5?,6? -dichlorosteroids, in good yields (70?73 %). The obtained compounds (5?,6? -dichlorocholestane, 5?,6? -di

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23

Noghrehabadi, Aminreza, Mohammad Ghalambaz, Mehdi Ghalambaz, and Afshin Ghanbarzadeh. "A Hybrid Power Series Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm to Obtain a Solution for Buckling of Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Cantilevers Near Small Layers of Graphite Sheets." Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/683483.

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A hybrid power series and artificial bee colony algorithm (PS-ABC) method is applied to solve a system of nonlinear differential equations arising from the distributed parameter model of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) cantilevers in the vicinity of thin and thick graphite sheets subject to intermolecular forces. The intermolecular forces are modeled using van der Waals forces. A trial solution of the differential equation is defined as sum of two polynomial parts. The first part satisfies the boundary conditions and does contain two adjustable parameters. The second part is constructed as

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24

Kongta, Nalinrat, Kunchit Judprasong, Rodjana Chunhabundit, Jintana Sirivarasai, and Weeraya Karnpanit. "Assessment of Exposure to Aluminum through Consumption of Noodle Products." Foods 12, no. 21 (2023): 3960. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12213960.

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This study aimed to determine aluminum (Al) contents in commonly consumed noodles and estimate the risk of Al exposure through the consumption of noodles in the Thai population. A total of 80 samples, 20 samples each of rice stick noodles, egg noodles, wide rice noodles, and Thai rice noodles was purchased from markets in Bangkok Metropolitan and other four provinces in each region of Thailand. Wet digestion and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) were used to determine Al contents. Exposure assessment of Al was conducted by applying the consumption amounts of noodles from

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25

Gao, Xin, Chunxiao Xu, Hao Yin, Xiaoguang Wang, Qiuzhi Song, and Pengwan Chen. "Preparation of graphene by electrical explosion of graphite sticks." Nanoscale 9, no. 30 (2017): 10639–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr01647f.

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26

Eldesoky, A., E. R. Logan, A. J. Louli, et al. "Impact of Graphite Materials on the Lifetime of NMC811/Graphite Pouch Cells: Part II. Long-Term Cycling, Stack Pressure Growth, Isothermal Microcalorimetry, and Lifetime Projection." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 169, no. 1 (2022): 010501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac42f1.

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Part II of this 2-part series examines the impact of competitive graphite materials on NMC811 pouch cell performance using Ultra-High Precision Coulometry (UHPC), isothermal microcalorimetry, and in-situ stack growth. A simple lifetime projection of the best NMC811/graphite cells as a function of operating temperature is made. We show that graphite choice greatly impacts fractional fade, while fractional charge endpoint capacity slippage was largely unchanged due to identical cathodes. We show that an increase in graphite 1st cycle efficiency due to limited redox-active sites—favourable for mi

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27

Kim, Yeon Jae, Dong Hyun Kim, Jung Soo Kim, Jae Ho Jang, Uoo Chang Jung, and Dae Geun Nam. "Electro and Surface Properties of Graphene-Modified Stainless Steel for PEMFC Bipolar Plates." Advanced Materials Research 905 (April 2014): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.905.167.

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Chemical converted graphene (CCG) were coated on 316L stainless steel as a bipolar plate which is a component of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) by electro spray coating (ESC). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to examine the thickness and surface properties of coating layer. Electrochemical potentiodynamic test was conducted in acidic atmosphere (0.1N H2SO4+2ppm F-) at 80°C using Versastat 4 and analysis program for corrosion resistance measurement. After packing bipolar plates for PEMFC stack, the electrical performances of graphite, bare SS3

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28

R, Idamalarselvi, Ragasudha G, Priscilla R, and Raja Ramachandra. "Fabrication of 5-Nitrosalicylaldehyde with Aniline as Sensitizer for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 15, no. 37 (2022): 1884–91. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v15i37.360.

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Abstract <strong>Objectives:</strong> To create a DSSC circuit, combine 5-Nitro Salicylaldehyde with Aniline (5NSA). <strong>Methods:</strong> Working and counter electrodes are made of TiO<sub>2</sub> and activated carbon film. Digital multimeters are used to test the conductive side of FTO glass prior to deposition. Graphite is used as the counter electrode. A functioning electrode was developed on conductive glass. FTO glass plate edges with Scotch tape (on the conductive side as determined by a multimeter). Distribute three drops of TiO<sub>2</sub> blade-coated ele

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29

Pencea, Ion, Doru Michael Ştefănescu, Roxana Ruxanda, and Florina Violeta Anghelina. "New Aspects Regarding the Structure of Spheroidal Cast Iron Carbon Inclusions Revealed by WAXD Investigations." Key Engineering Materials 457 (December 2010): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.457.120.

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The paper addresses mainly the atomic structure of the spheroidal carbon inclusions (CIs) from a magnesium treated cast iron. The qualitative phase analysis based on diffraction patterns shows that the CI by-products contain carbon, ferrite and iron oxides. Based on peak angular positions and their half-width at half-intensity, the distances between graphenes and the average height of the graphene stack were calculated. To comply with EN 13005 standard, the calculated results include the extended uncertainties U(95%). The Wide Angle X-ray Diffraction (WAXD) data proves clearly that the CI from

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30

Chasanah, Uswatul, Wega Trisunaryanti, Triyono, Haryo Satriya Oktaviano, Iman Santoso, and Dyah Ayu Fatmawati. "Study of green reductant effects of highly reduced graphene oxide production and their characteristics." Communications in Science and Technology 7, no. 2 (2022): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21924/cst.7.2.2022.906.

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The study of the green reductant effects to produce reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been completed successfully. The reduction of graphene oxide (GO) was carried out chemically using various reductants such as ascorbic acid (rGO-AA), gallic acid (rGO-AG), and trisodium citrate (rGO-NS). The GO was prepared using the Tour method at a temperature of 65 ? for 6 hours with potassium permanganate: graphite weight ratio 1:3.5. The results showed that rGO-AA had the highest electrical conductivity value of 755.70 S/m, with characteristics such as a surface area of 255.93 m2/g, a pore volume of 0.61

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31

Pavliuk, А. О., S. G. Kotlyarevsky, R. I. Kan та ін. "Approaches to the Characterization of Graphite UGR Blocks Based on Beta-emitting 14С and 36Сl Radionuclides. Testing at RBMK-1000-type Reactors". Radioactive Waste 15, № 2 (2021): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25283/2587-9707-2021-2-21-32.

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This paper presents some methodological approaches to the characterization of graphite blocks based on difficultto-measure 14C and 36Cl radionuclides during graphite stack dismantlement at uranium-graphite reactors (UGR) developed by JSC PDC UGR. It presents the testing results of the developed methods applied during RBMK-1000 graphite stack block characterization at the Leningrad NPP.

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Narkunas, Ernestas, Povilas Poskas, Arturas Smaizys, and Simon Norris. "Estimation of the inventory of 14C and other key radionuclides in irradiated RBMK-1500 graphite based on limited measurements and full 3D core modeling." Radiocarbon 60, no. 6 (2018): 1849–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2018.122.

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ABSTRACTIgnalina NPP contains two Units with RBMK-1500 reactors. After shutdown, several Unit 1 systems and equipment were radiologically characterized and dismantled. The highest volume of reactor structures is attributed to the graphite stack of the reactor core, radiological characterization of which has not yet been performed. The stack can be visualized as a vertical cylinder 8 m high and 14 m diameter, made up of 2488 columns where each column is made up from several graphite blocks. The total mass of the graphite stack blocks is about 1700 tonnes. Therefore, the main goal of work report

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Pavliuk, А. О., S. G. Kotlyarevsky, A. E. Rif, et al. "Overview of Russian experience and approaches providing graphite removal from uranium‑graphite reactors." Radioactive Waste 25, no. 4 (2023): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25283/2587-9707-2023-4-35-54.

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The article overviews the existing experience in graphite removal from the stacks of Russian production, power and research uranium-graphite reactors (PUGR, RBMK, AMB, RFT, etc.). It considers the key challenges and some particular features associated with graphite stack dismantlement including the differences in reactor designs, degradation of graphite stacks due to long-term operation, etc. It presents some design solutions and approaches developed to extend the uranium-graphite reactor operation, as well as the experience in the fine-tuning of the graphite stack dismantlement methods.

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Arunkumar, S., M. Chandrasekaran, T. Vinod Kumar, and V. Muthuraman. "Properties and behavior of squeeze pressure on aluminum molybdenum DI-supplied composite." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.3 (2018): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.33.14819.

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To develop a metal matrix composite with lubricative properties with the help of various casting process and they are tested for their proper-ties. Casting machine is turned ON. Furnace temperature is set to 850o C. Preheater temperature is set to 180o C. Pathway temperature is set to 550o C. The furnace is allowed to get heated up. Once it gets heated upto 600o C, the A-Si alloy is dropped into the furnace. The alloy gets melted at around 800-850o C. Molybdenum di-sulphide fine powder is preheated and then mixed with the molten metal. Molybdenum di-sulphide is a reinforcement added and it is

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Drewniak, Łukasz, and Sabina Drewniak. "The influence of the oxidation method on the properties of reduced graphene oxide." Photonics Letters of Poland 14, no. 3 (2022): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v14i3.1154.

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Derivatives of graphene have become important materials due to their excellent properties. Graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide are especially interesting because they are produced relatively easily, cheaply and quickly. Among many possible applications, reduced graphene oxide is a good candidate for sensor applications. Its properties can be controlled at the production stage. The precursor used and the method of oxidation have a significant influence on its properties. Therefore, it is worth take a closer look at them. In this paper we analyse the influence of the oxidation method on th

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Zakharova, E. V., A. G. Volkova, R. I. Kan, S. G. Kotlyarevsky, and A. O. Pavliuk. "Spatial distribution studies of activation radionuclides in graphite of uranium-graphite reactors." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Fizika, no. 5 (2022): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/00213411/65/5/63.

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The paper presents the results of studies of the spatial distribution of radionuclides14C,36Cl and60Co, which are key for decommissioning uranium-graphite reactors, in graphite stacks and individual graphite blocks. The studies were carried out on a shutdown PUGR ADE-5 of «PDC UGR» JSC, which provides access to the graphite stack with the ability to extract individual graphite blocks. Based on the results of a detailed experimental study of graphite blocks retrieved in 2018, the new interpretations of some features of the spatial distribution of radionuclides in UGR graphite was proposed.

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Nakagawa, Ryoichi, Kai Saito, Hideyuki Kanematsu, et al. "Impedance Characteristics of Monolayer and Bilayer Graphene Films with Biofilm Formation and Growth." Sensors 22, no. 9 (2022): 3548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093548.

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Biofilms are the result of bacterial activity. When the number of bacteria (attached to materials’ surfaces) reaches a certain threshold value, then the bacteria simultaneously excrete organic polymers (EPS: extracellular polymeric substances). These sticky polymers encase and protect the bacteria. They are called biofilms and contain about 80% water. Other components of biofilm include polymeric carbon compounds such as polysaccharides and bacteria. It is well-known that biofilms cause various medical and hygiene problems. Therefore, it is important to have a sensor that can detect biofilms t

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Pavliuk, A. O., S. G. Kotlyarevsky, E. V. Bespala, A. E. Rif, and R. I. Kan. "Graphite Removal from Uranium-Graphite Reactors: International Experience and Approaches." Radioactive Waste 23, no. 2 (2023): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25283/2587-9707-2023-2-41-55.

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The article explores the best practices for graphite removal from the stacks of uranium-graphite reactors (GLEEP, WAGR, BGRR, HTGR) and reactors with graphite reflectors (DIORIT, DR 1) operated abroad. Based on several case studies, it considers different approaches, in particular: graphite crushing; underwater stack demolition by reactor shaft flooding and upper biological shield dismantling; dismantlement of the upper biological shield and layer-bylayer graphite block removal. It discusses current trends, existing challenges and long-term plans for the practical implementation of advanced ap

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Lee, Hong Ki, Soo Heun Chae, Joong Pyo Shim, and Sung Won Yang. "Improvement of Electrical and Thermal Properties of Epoxy Based Graphite Bipolar Plate for PEMFC." Advanced Materials Research 26-28 (October 2007): 853–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.26-28.853.

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The decrease of material cost for manufacturing fuel cell stack is strongly required for overcoming commercial restriction. The epoxy based graphite bipolar plate (BP) for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) has been prepared and electrical, mechanical and thermal properties were compared. The density of graphite composite bipolar plate showed from 1.67 to 2.54 as graphite content is increased from 60 to 80w/o and decreased as expanded graphite was added. The contact resistance between epoxy/graphite bipolar plate and gas diffusion layer (GDL) had lower value using carbon cloth tha

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Bischoff, D., C. Kreuzig, D. Haack, B. Gundlach, and J. Blum. "Sticky or not sticky? Measurements of the tensile strength of microgranular organic materials." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 497, no. 3 (2020): 2517–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2126.

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ABSTRACT Knowledge of the mechanical properties of protoplanetary and cometary matter is of key importance to better understand the activity of comets and the early stages of planet formation. The tensile strength determines the required pressure to lift off grains, pebbles, and agglomerates from the cometary surface and also describes how much strain a macroscopic body can withstand before material failure occurs. As organic materials are ubiquitous in space, they could have played an important role during the planet-formation process. This work provides new data on the tensile strength of fi

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Park, Chan-Yong, Sung-Hee Park, Soo-Jun Park, Sun-Hee Park, and Chi-Jung Hwang. "ProteinVista: A Fast Molecular Visualization System Using Microsoft Direct3D." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 9 (2008): 4522–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.ic78.

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Many tools have been developed to visualize protein and molecular structures. Most high quality protein visualization tools use the OpenGL graphics library as a 3D graphics system. Currently, the performance of recent 3D graphics hardware has rapidly improved. Recent high-performance 3D graphics hardware support Microsoft Direct3D graphics library more than OpenGL and have become very popular in personal computers (PCs). In this paper, a molecular visualization system termed ProteinVista is proposed. ProteinVista is well-designed visualization system using the Microsoft Direct3D graphics libra

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Padmanabha, Shreyas, P. Nanda Gopal, Laila A. Waheed, et al. "Pencil-drawn graphitic traces on sticky note paper for wearable electronics." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2571, no. 1 (2023): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2571/1/012029.

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Abstract Pencil-on-sticky note paper electrodes (PeoS) is a novel electrode fabrication method, using graphite from a pencil lead as an active material and sticky note paper as the substrate. This technique offers a low-cost and simple alternative for the fabrication of electrochemical sensors. In this paper, we aim to investigate the potential of PeoS as an effective electrode material for wearable electronic applications. The SEM images show overlapping graphite flakes, and the resistance of graphitic electrodes is found to be greater for xerox paper than for sticky note paper. An RC circuit

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Pavliuk, А. О., S. G. Kotlyarevsky, R. I. Kan, A. G. Volkova, E. V. Zakcharova, and E. A. Komarov. "Approaches to graphite block characterization by gamma radionuclides and their packaging during UGR stack dismantlement." Radioactive Waste 16, no. 3 (2021): 30–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25283/2587-9707-2021-3-30-43.

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This paper presents technical and methodological approaches developed by PDC UGR to characterize the removed graphite blocks by gamma-emitting radionuclides during graphite stack dismantlement and to enable their packaging. It overviews the experimental testing of the characterization method and its findings. It also presents container design option allowing to achieve the maximum filling efficiency.

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Atifi Adil, Balli Lahcen, Hlimi Mohamed, El Bikri Khalid, and Hamri Bachir. "A Comparative Study of Effect of Bipolar Plate Materials on Contact Resistance and Heat Transfer in a PEMFC Stack." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 32, no. 1 (2023): 343–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.32.1.343358.

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In this paper, a comparative study based on Finite Element Method has been established in order to investigate the effect of bipolar plate materials on stress and temperature distribution in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack under functioning conditions. The analysis is conducted for three bipolar plate materials: Graphite BP, stamped uncoated stainless steel SS316L, and stamped Niobium coated SS316L. ICR (Interfacial contact resistance) between GDL and BP has been measured for each BP material. The effect of current densities and clamping force on contact resistance under real operat

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Plukienė, Rita, Elena Lagzdina, Laurynas Juodis, et al. "Investigation of Impurities of RBMK Graphite by Different Methods." Radiocarbon 60, no. 6 (2018): 1861–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2018.93.

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ABSTRACTSamples of graphite from a RBMK-1500 reactor at the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant from different construction elements (stack, sleeve, and bushing) were analyzed by the instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) method (LVR-15 experimental reactor of the Research Centre Řež, Ltd.) using the prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA) method (Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum) and with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) (CPST, Lithuania). These measurements were performed with the aim of obtaining the missing information on the impurity distribution in the RBMK-type nuc

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Fitzpatrick, Megan, and Wenqing Xu. "Using Graphite in Degradation of Explosives." Veritas: Villanova Research Journal 2 (September 15, 2020): 6–7. https://doi.org/10.61372/vvrj.v2i0.2557.

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Graphite powder can promote the degradation of DNAN, an insensitive but toxic explosive widely deployed at Department of Defense military training sites. High pressure liquid chromotography was used to determine the efficiency of graphite powder in the extraction of DNAN from a solution. A standard curve was calculated as well as extraction efficiency from numerous trials. This investigation will continue due to the inconsistency of the initial stock solution used.

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Daugalas, Tomas, Virginijus Bukauskas, Algimantas Lukša, Viktorija Nargelienė, and Arūnas Šetkus. "Dependence of Electrical Charge Transport on the Voltage Applied across Metal–Graphene–Metal Stack under Fixed Compressing Force." Coatings 13, no. 9 (2023): 1522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13091522.

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While charge transport in the horizontal plane of graphene has been widely studied, there is only limited understanding about the transport across a stack of films that include graphene sheets. In this report, a model of a metal–graphene–metal stack was produced and investigated via detailed analysis of experimental dependences of electrical current on applied external voltage. Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) was used to measure the dependences of the local tunneling current on the voltage under fixed compressing force. The SPM platinum probe produced the compressing force on gold-supported gr

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Vilhena, J. G., Enrico Gnecco, Rémy Pawlak, Fernando Moreno-Herrero, Ernst Meyer, and Rubén Pérez. "Stick–Slip Motion of ssDNA over Graphene." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 122, no. 2 (2017): 840–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b06952.

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R.N., GOYAL, RAJESHWARI (Miss), and MATHUR N.C. "Electrochemical Oxidation of 5-Amino-3-methylisothiazole." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 65, Jul 1988 (1988): 490–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6295641.

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Department of Chemistry, University of Roorkee, Roorkee-247 667 <em>Manuscript received 4 August 1987, revised 6 April 1988, accepted 29 April 1988</em> The eleetrochemical oxidatioa of 5-amino-3-methylisothiazole has been studied In the phosphate buffers of pH 3.0-10.9 at pyrolytic graphite electrode The product of electro-oxidation has been identified and a plausible mechanism suggested.

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Paradis, Linsea, Javier Mena-Garcia, and Ramakrishnan Rajagopalan. "Development of Binderless Graphite Compact for Bipolar Plate Production." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 36 (2024): 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-01362012mtgabs.

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Bipolar plates account for almost 29% of the fuel cell stack costs and hence cost-effective manufacturing methods for making the bipolar plates are of paramount importance. Current manufacturing technologies for graphite bipolar plates require consolidation of graphite precursor materials using compression or injection molding followed by high temperature treatment for baking and graphitization. In contrast, in this investigation, we demonstrate direct consolidation of graphite powders without the use of any coal, petroleum or polymer binders resulting in significant reduction of time during c

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