Academic literature on the topic 'GRAS/Dietary compounds'

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Journal articles on the topic "GRAS/Dietary compounds"

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Maharao, Neha V., and Phillip M. Gerk. "Use of GRAS or dietary compounds to improve the oral bioavailability of buprenorphine." Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 33, no. 1 (January 2018): S25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dmpk.2017.11.099.

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Maharao, Neha V., Anand A. Joshi, and Phillip M. Gerk. "Inhibition of glucuronidation and oxidative metabolism of buprenorphine using GRAS compounds or dietary constituents/supplements:in vitroproof of concept." Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition 38, no. 2 (January 24, 2017): 139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdd.2050.

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Zhang, Zhenxian, and Phillip M. Gerk. "Effects of generally recognized as safe (GRAS) and dietary compounds on phenylephrine metabolism in LS180 human intestinal cells." Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition 39, no. 9 (November 2018): 443–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdd.2162.

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Maharao, Neha V., and Phillip M. Gerk. "Determining the potency of inhibition of five GRAS or dietary compounds to inhibit the oxidative and conjugative metabolism of buprenorphine." Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 33, no. 1 (January 2018): S53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dmpk.2017.11.181.

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Lobo, Carmélia Isabel Vitorino, Ana Carolina Urbano de Araújo Lopes, and Marlise Inêz Klein. "Compounds with Distinct Targets Present Diverse Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Efficacy against Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans, and Combinations of Compounds Potentiate Their Effect." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 5 (April 28, 2021): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7050340.

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Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans interact synergistically in biofilms associated with a severe form of dental caries. Their synergism is driven by dietary sucrose. Thus, it is necessary to devise strategies to hinder the development of those biofilms and prevent cavities. Six compounds [tt-farnesol (sesquiterpene alcohol that decreases the bacterium acidogenicity and aciduricity and a quorum sensing fungal molecule), myricetin (flavonoid that interferes with S. mutans exopolysaccharides production), two 2’-hydroxychalcones and 4’-hydroxychalcone (intermediate metabolites for flavonoids), compound 1771 (inhibitor of lipoteichoic synthase in Gram-positive bacteria)] with targets in both fungus and bacterium and their products were investigated for their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against single-species cultures. The compounds and concentrations effective on single-species biofilms were tested alone and combined with or without fluoride to control initial and pre-formed dual-species biofilms. All the selected treatments eliminated both species on initial biofilms. In contrast, some combinations eliminated the bacterium and others the fungus in pre-formed biofilms. The combinations 4’-hydroxychalcone+tt-farnesol+myricetin, 4’-hydroxychalcone+tt-farnesol+fluoride, and all compounds together with fluoride were effective against both species in pre-formed biofilms. Therefore, combinations of compounds with distinct targets can prevent C. albicans and S. mutans dual-species biofilm build-up in vitro.
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Ferreira-Santos, Pedro, Helder Badim, Ângelo C. Salvador, Armando J. D. Silvestre, Sónia A. O. Santos, Sílvia M. Rocha, Ana M. Sousa, et al. "Chemical Characterization of Sambucus nigra L. Flowers Aqueous Extract and Its Biological Implications." Biomolecules 11, no. 8 (August 17, 2021): 1222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11081222.

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The main goal of this study was to chemically characterize an aqueous S. nigra flower extract and validate it as a bioactive agent. The elderflower aqueous extraction was performed at different temperatures (50, 70 and 90 °C). The extract obtained at 90 °C exhibited the highest phenolic content and antiradical activity. Therefore, this extract was analyzed by GC-MS and HPLC-MS, which allowed the identification of 46 compounds, being quercetin and chlorogenic acid derivatives representative of 86% of the total of phenolic compounds identified in hydrophilic fraction of the aqueous extract. Naringenin (27.2%) was the major compound present in the lipophilic fraction. The antiproliferative effects of the S. nigra extract were evaluated using the colon cancer cell lines RKO, HCT-116, Caco-2 and the extract’s antigenotoxic potential was evaluated by the Comet assay in RKO cells. The RKO cells were the most susceptible to S. nigra flower extract (IC50 = 1250 µg mL−1). Moreover, the extract showed antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis. These results show that S. nigra-based extracts can be an important dietary source of bioactive phenolic compounds that contribute to health-span improving life quality, demonstrating their potential as nutraceutical, functional foods and/or cosmetic components for therapeutic purposes.
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Mézes, Miklós, and Márta Erdélyi. "Az élelmiszerek rosttartalmának antioxidáns hatása." Orvosi Hetilap 159, no. 18 (May 2018): 709–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2018.30953.

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Abstract: Antioxidants have some health benefit, but up to now there was less attention paid to the antioxidant properties of dietary fibre. The antioxidant effect of dietary fibre is based on the polyphenol compounds bound to polysaccharide complexes, which are released in the gut and functioning as antioxidants. Another type of antioxidant, calcium fructoborate was also isolated from plant cell wall. It has a marked antioxidant capacity, however, its active component is not a polyphenol, but the boron. There are lots of food plants which have relatively high antioxidant dietary fibre content, thus they support the antioxidant defence of the gastrointestinal tract, and consequently the whole body. The important ones in human nutrition are for instance cereal grains, cabbage, grape pomace, coffee bean or guava. There are different polyphenol compounds in the antioxidant dietary fibres in the plants, therefore their antioxidant capacity varies, but it is approximately equivalent to 50–100 mg DL-α-tocopherol per gram. This antioxidant capacity is considerable, and would be suitable for the prevention of some, oxidative stress-related diseases, such as atherosclerosis or other cardiovascular diseases, and colorectal carcinoma. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(18): 709–712.
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Saoudi, Soulef, Seddik Khennouf, and Nozha Mayouf. "Identification and quantification of fruit phenolic compounds of Malus communis." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 6-s (December 15, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i6-s.3264.

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Malus communis (apple) is fruits belong to family Rosaseae. Apple is important source of phytochemicals substance, which has good effect in human health and antioxidant activity. The aim of this work is to identify the polyphenols compounds and the antioxidant activity of Malus communis. The analyses phytochemicals of polyphenols is estimated by UPLC method. The flavonoids content were determinate by the Aluminum chloride method. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH, ABTS and reducing power. The results suggested that Malus communis have high content of sugars, tannin (795 ± 0.05 mg D- glucose equivalents per gram dry weight, 31.38 ± 0.006 mg tannic acid equivalents per gram dry weight and important amount of flavonoids 5.08 ± 0.001 mg quercetin equivalents per gram of dry weight) respectively. The chromatogram of apple demonstrated that this fruits contain various substances such as Gallic acid and Chlorogenic acid. The extract exerted good effect in antioxidant activity. Apple can scavenge free radicals ABTS and DPPH with values of IC50 (0.64 ± 0.02, 0.60 ± 0.03 mg/ml respectively). Finally the consumption dietary of fruits can reduce the risk the chronic disease. Keywords: Malus communis, UPLC, tannin, flavonoids, antioxidant activity.
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Guillamón, Enrique, Pedro Andreo-Martínez, Nuria Mut-Salud, Juristo Fonollá, and Alberto Baños. "Beneficial Effects of Organosulfur Compounds from Allium cepa on Gut Health: A Systematic Review." Foods 10, no. 8 (July 21, 2021): 1680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10081680.

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Dietary changes affect the composition and structure of gut microbiota (GM) in animals and humans. One of the beneficial effects of consuming products derived from plants is the positive influence on immunity and gastrointestinal health. Species belonging to the genus Allium contain many organosulfur compounds (OSCs) that have been widely studied showing their biological properties and beneficial effects on intestinal health and GM. This is the first systematic review of OSCs from Allium performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and it is based on the evidence that we found in literature about the benefits on the GM and intestinal health demonstrated by OSCs from Allium, and specifically from onion. OSCs from Allium cepa have shown a significant antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of antibiotic-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, the intake of OSCs from onion was able to modulate the composition of GM, increasing the beneficial bacterial populations in animal models. Moreover, the beneficial effects observed in murine models of colitis suggest that these compounds could be suitable candidates for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or reverse the dysbiosis caused by a high-fat diet (HFD). Despite the evidence found both in vitro and in vivo, we have not found any article that tested OSCs different from allicin in clinical trials or dietary intervention studies in humans. In this sense, it would be interesting to conduct new research that tests the benefits of these compounds in human GM.
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Lang, Undine E., Christoph Beglinger, Nina Schweinfurth, Marc Walter, and Stefan Borgwardt. "Nutritional Aspects of Depression." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 37, no. 3 (2015): 1029–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000430229.

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Several nutrition, food and dietary compounds have been suggested to be involved in the onset and maintenance of depressive disorders and in the severity of depressive symptoms. Nutritional compounds might modulate depression associated biomarkers and parallel the development of depression, obesity and diabetes. In this context, recent studies revealed new mediators of both energy homeostasis and mood changes (i.e. IGF-1, NPY, BDNF, ghrelin, leptin, CCK, GLP-1, AGE, glucose metabolism and microbiota) acting in gut brain circuits. In this context several healthy foods such as olive oil, fish, fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, poultry, dairy and unprocessed meat have been inversely associated with depression risk and even have been postulated to improve depressive symptoms. In contrast, unhealthy western dietary patterns including the consumption of sweetened beverage, refined food, fried food, processed meat, refined grain, and high fat diary, biscuits, snacking and pastries have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of depression in longitudinal studies. However, it is always difficult to conclude a real prospective causal relationship from these mostly retrospective studies as depressed individuals might also change their eating habits secondarily to their depression. Additionally specific selected nutritional compounds, e.g. calcium, chromium, folate, PUFAs, vitamin D, B12, zinc, magnesium and D-serine have been postulated to be used as ad-on strategies in antidepressant treatment. In this context, dietary and lifestyle interventions may be a desirable, effective, pragmatical and non-stigmatizing prevention and treatment strategy for depression. At last, several medications (pioglitazone, metformin, exenatide, atorvastatin, gram-negative antibiotics), which have traditionally been used to treat metabolic disorders showed a certain potential to treat depression in first randomized controlled clinical trials.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "GRAS/Dietary compounds"

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Maharao, Neha V. "Inhibition of Oxidative and Conjugative Metabolism of Buprenorphine Using Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) Compounds or Components of Dietary Supplements." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4752.

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This dissertation aimed at developing an inhibitor strategy to improve the oral bioavailability (Foral) and systemic exposure (AUC∞) of buprenorphine (BUP) as well as reduce the variability associated with them. Twenty-seven generally recognized as safe (GRAS) compounds or dietary substances were evaluated for their potential to inhibit the oxidative and conjugative metabolism of BUP, using pooled human intestinal and liver microsomes. In both the organs, oxidation appeared to be the major metabolic pathway with a 6 fold (intestine) and 4 fold (liver) higher intrinsic clearance than glucuronidation. Buprenorphine was predicted to show low and variable Foral, AUC∞, and a large total clearance. The biorelevant solubilities of 5 preferred inhibitors were incorporated in the final model. An inhibitor dosing strategy was identified to increase Foral and reduce the variability in oral BUP AUC∞. These results demonstrate the feasibility of the approach of using GRAS or dietary compounds to inhibit the presystemic metabolism of buprenorphine and thus improve its oral bioavailability. This inhibitor strategy has promising applicability to a variety of drugs suffering from low and variable oral bioavailability due to extensive presystemic oxidative and conjugative metabolism.
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