Academic literature on the topic 'Grassland experiment'

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Journal articles on the topic "Grassland experiment"

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Rothwell, Richard, and Graham Hillman. "Streeter Basin Grassland Experiment." Forestry Chronicle 92, no. 01 (2016): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2016-014.

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Streeter Creek Basin Experiment began as a paired basin experiment studying the effects of woody vegetation removal and rangeland improvements on streamflow. However, complex groundwater systems and inter-basin transfer of subsurface flow negated the paired basin design. The new objective of the research was to determine if tree removal on the upper slopes would impact the contact springs lower in the basin. Snow accumulation was measured in clear-cut patches and the timing of flows and water yield from springs were monitored.
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Crème, Alexandra, Cornelia Rumpel, Sparkle L. Malone, et al. "Monitoring Grassland Management Effects on Soil Organic Carbon—A Matter of Scale." Agronomy 10, no. 12 (2020): 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10122016.

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Introduction of temporary grasslands into cropping cycles could be a sustainable management practice leading to increased soil organic carbon (SOC) to contribute to climate change adaption and mitigation. To investigate the impact of temporary grassland management practices on SOC storage of croplands, we used a spatially resolved sampling approach combined with geostatistical analyses across an agricultural experiment. The experiment included blocks (0.4- to 3-ha blocks) of continuous grassland, continuous cropping and temporary grasslands with different durations and N-fertilizations on a 23
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Zhang, Hui, Juan Fan, Di Gao, Yulin Liu, and Huishi Du. "Effect of Decreasing the Interception of Solar Illuminance by Vegetation on Ground Temperature in Degraded Grasslands." Sustainability 14, no. 8 (2022): 4488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14084488.

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Reduced vegetation cover caused by grassland degradation results in the interception of solar illuminance significantly decreasing, then leading to an increase in ground temperature, which has a significant impact on biological growth and regional climate. Based on the field experiment, we explore the interception of solar illuminance by grasslands with three degrees of degradation and its effect on the soil temperature. Solar illuminance at various heights and times was measured to obtain the interception by vegetation, which included reduction by physical shielding and consumption by the pla
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Zhao, Jiantao, Jiamin Cao, Zhaobi Che, Yaya Guo, Chunhui Ma, and Qianbing Zhang. "Contribution of Sheep Grazing to Plant Diversity in Natural Grasslands." Diversity 14, no. 6 (2022): 446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14060446.

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Global climate change and overgrazing have led to the degradation of natural grasslands and seriously threaten the diversity of grassland plant species, as plant species richness is very sensitive to natural grassland degradation. Therefore, we conducted a sheep grazing experiment in Zinniquan pasture on the northern slope of Xinjiang Tianshan Mountains to test the effects of grazing on plant species diversity in natural grasslands through the spatial and temporal characteristics of the foraging behavior of grazing sheep and the plant species composition on the grazing trajectories. Data on sh
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Bareth, G., U. Lussem, J. Menne, J. Hollberg, and J. Schellberg. "POTENTIAL OF NON-CALIBRATED UAV-BASED RGB IMAGERY FOR FORAGE MONITORING: CASE STUDY AT THE RENGEN LONG-TERM GRASSLAND EXPERIMENT (RGE), GERMANY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W13 (June 4, 2019): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w13-203-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Forage monitoring in grassland is an important task to support management decisions. Spatial data on (i) yield,(ii) quality, and (iii) floristic composition are of interest. The spatio-temporal variability in grasslands is significant and requires fast and low-cost methods for data delivery. Therefore, the overarching aim of this contribution is the investigation of low-cost and non-calibrated UAV-derived RGB imagery for forage monitoring. Study area is the Rengen Grassland Experiment (RGE) in Germany which is a long-term field experiment since 1
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Möhrle, Kathrin, Hugo E. Reyes-Aldana, Johannes Kollmann, and Leonardo H. Teixeira. "Suppression of an Invasive Native Plant Species by Designed Grassland Communities." Plants 10, no. 4 (2021): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10040775.

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Grassland biodiversity is declining due to climatic change, land-use intensification, and establishment of invasive plant species. Excluding or suppressing invasive species is a challenge for grassland management. An example is Jacobaea aquatica, an invasive native plant in wet grasslands of Central Europe, that is causing problems to farmers by being poisonous, overabundant, and fast spreading. This study aimed at testing designed grassland communities in a greenhouse experiment, to determine key drivers of initial J. aquatica suppression, thus dismissing the use of pesticides. We used two ba
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Fensham, Roderick J., Donald W. Butler, Boris Laffineur, Harry J. MacDermott, John W. Morgan, and Jennifer L. Silcock. "Subtropical native grasslands may not require fire, mowing or grazing to maintain native-plant diversity." Australian Journal of Botany 65, no. 2 (2017): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt16170.

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The rarity of native grasslands in agricultural districts heightens the requirement for optimal management to maintain diversity. Previous studies have suggested that disturbance is required to maintain species diversity in temperate Australian grasslands, but grasslands in semiarid environments do not have the same disturbance requirement. The current study examines the short-term responses to disturbance of subtropical grassland of the Darling Downs, south-eastern Queensland. We also compare temperate and subtropical grasslands in terms of biomass and rainfall. A field experiment was establi
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Štýbnarová, Marie, Aleš Dufek, and Rémy Delagarde. "Impact of Organic Fertilisation and Subsequent Grassland Abandonment on Floristic Composition." Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) 63, no. 1 (2017): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/agri-2017-0001.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in floristic composition of permanent grasslands after the cessation of their regular utilisation and organic fertilisation. A long-term small plot trial was established in 2004 in locality Rapotín. During 2004-2012, the experiment was fertilised with compost and slurry, both with the range of stocking rates 0.9, 1.4 and 2.0 livestock units (LU)/ha (corresponding to 54, 84, and 120 kg N/ha). The plots were cut 2-4 times per year depending on given dose of fertiliser. During 2013‒2016, the regular management was ceased and the grasslands we
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Zistl-Schlingmann, Marcus, Steve Kwatcho Kengdo, Ralf Kiese, and Michael Dannenmann. "Management Intensity Controls Nitrogen-Use-Efficiency and Flows in Grasslands—A 15N Tracing Experiment." Agronomy 10, no. 4 (2020): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040606.

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The consequences of land use intensification and climate warming on productivity, fates of fertilizer nitrogen (N) and the overall soil N balance of montane grasslands remain poorly understood. Here, we report findings of a 15N slurry-tracing experiment on large grassland plant–soil lysimeters exposed to different management intensities (extensive vs. intensive) and climates (control; translocation: +2 °C, reduced precipitation). Surface-applied cattle slurry was enriched with both 15NH4+ and 15N-urea in order to trace its fate in the plant–soil system. Recovery of 15N tracer in plants was low
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Dzwonko, Zbigniew, and Stefania Loster. "Changes in plant species composition in abandoned and restored limestone grassiands - the effects of tree and shrub cutting." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 77, no. 1 (2011): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2008.010.

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Abandoned semi-natural limestone grasslands are often overgrown by shrubs and trees. Little is know if and to what extant xerothermic limestone grasslands can be restored by tree cutting. This was tested in a 12-year experiment after the clearing of a 35-year-old secondary pine wood developed on unmanaged grassland in the close proximity of not overgrown old grassland. After 12 years, there were no significant differences in the number of field layer species on the plots in the old and restored grasslands. But over this period the number of meadow species increased in all sites, while the numb
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Grassland experiment"

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Orford, Katherine Anne. "Cascading inter-trophic interactions in the provision of ecosystem services : a grassland experiment." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.680373.

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Understanding how species' interactions impact upon the composition and functioning of ecological communities is central to conservation biology. The overarching objective of this thesis is to aid the enhancement of biodiversity and ecosystem services by investigation of bottom-up ecosystem processes in an agricultural context; specifically in conventionally managed grasslands. Grassland for livestock production is a dominant form of land-use throughout Europe. Its intensive management threatens biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. Given its extensive cover, modest increases to conventiona
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Andrade, Bianca Ott. "Interação solo-vegetação campestre:estudos de caso em diferentes escalas ecológicas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/148772.

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Enquanto em regiões temperadas o conhecimento sobre a relação solo-vegetação é consolidado, nos trópicos e subtrópicos é preliminar. É urgente a necessidade de se determinar os fatores abióticos que controlam padrões vegetacionais visando dar suporte a estudos de recuperação e conservação. O presente estudo analisa a relação entre fatores abióticos e vegetação campestre na forma de três artigos científicos (capítulos I, II e III) e um artigo de revisão (capítulo IV). Nos primeiros três artigos, analisou-se a variância da vegetação em diferentes escalas ecológicas; e no artigo de revisão, discu
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Lama, Soni [Verfasser], and W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Wilcke. "Nitrogen-15 tracing to elucidate the biodiversity-N cycle relationship in a grassland experiment / Soni Lama ; Betreuer: W. Wilcke." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223027910/34.

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Gonzalez, Mace Odette [Verfasser], Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Scheu, Mark [Gutachter] Maraun, and Nico [Gutachter] Eisenhauer. "Flooding in a grassland diversity experiment: response of microorganisms, microarthropods and predator prey interactions / Odette Gonzalez Mace ; Gutachter: Mark Maraun, Nico Eisenhauer ; Betreuer: Stefan Scheu." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1161942335/34.

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Fischer, Christine [Verfasser], Anke [Akademischer Betreuer] Hildebrandt, and Sabine [Akademischer Betreuer] Attinger. "Does ecosystem diversity affect soil hydraulic properties? : investigation of biotic and abiotic factors on infiltration capacity in a grassland biodiversity experiment / Christine Fischer. Gutachter: Anke Hildebrandt ; Sabine Attinger." Jena : Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1053959303/34.

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Keidel, Lisa [Verfasser]. "The effect of elevated CO2 on soil C and N dynamics and its feedback on CO2 and N2O emissions from a temperate grassland ecosystem : results from a long-term Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiment / Lisa Keidel." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1198674083/34.

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Gottfried, Gerald J., and Peter F. Ffolliott. "The Seven Springs Experimental Grassland Watersheds." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/301340.

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El, Habchi Atman. "Dynamique de l'azote dans le système sol peuplement au cours de la carrière de la prairie temporaire de Fetique élevée." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL067N.

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Un dispositif expérimental au champ de durée pluriannuelle a été installé à Bourg Lastic en 1986 pour étudier l'influence de l'âge de la prairie temporaire et du passé de la gestion de l'azote sur la pérennité de ses réponses annuelles aux apports azotes. Le vieillissement diminue les performances de la prairie. Entre les âges de 1 à 2 ans, il diminue a la fois la production de matière sèche, d'azote et la nutrition azotée. Au-delà de 2 ans, il diminue essentiellement la matière sèche récoltée. La principale cause du vieillissement réside dans une évolution de la morphogenèse du peuplement. L'
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Kossmann, Guido. "Plant functional traits and ecosystem functions in experimental grassland stands." Bayreuth : Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research, 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=979898854.

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Kossmann, Guido. "Plant functional traits and ecosystem functions in experimental grassland stands." Bayreuth Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research, 2005. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=979898854.

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Books on the topic "Grassland experiment"

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Crothers, J. H. The Nettlecombe grassland experiment 1968-1990: Student investigations of continuity and change in a grassland sward. Field Studies Council, 1991.

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Roberts, G. The effects of grassland improvement on the quality of upland streamflow: A 'natural' lysimeter and small plot experiment on Plynlimon, mid-Wales. Institute of Hydrology, 1986.

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Roberts, G. The effect of grassland improvement on the quality of upland streamflow: A 'natural' lysimeter and small plot experiment on Plynlimon, mid-Wales. Institute of Hydrology, 1986.

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Bushby, Matthew John. An experimental analysis of the affect of cutting on calcareous grassland. The Author], 1996.

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Medina, Alvin L. The Santa Rita Experimental Range: Annotated bibliography (1903-1988). United States Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1996.

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Keel, Andreas. Vegetationskundlich-ökologische Untersuchungen und Bewirtschaftungsexperimente in Halbtrockenwisen (Mesobromion) auf dem Schaffhauser Randen =: Phytosociological and ecological investigations and experimental management in Mesobromion limestone grassland on the Randen, a Jurassic mountain in Northern Switzerland. Geobotanischen Institutes der ETH, Stiftung Rübel], 1995.

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J, Chou, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. The potential for collocated AGLP and ERBE data for fire, smoke, and radiation budget studies. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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J, Chou, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. The potential for collocated AGLP and ERBE data for fire, smoke, and radiation budget studies. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Peter, Ryser. Influence of gaps and neighbouring plants on seedling establishment in limestone grassland: Experimental field studies in nothern Switzerland = Einfluss von Kahlstellen und benachbarten Pflanzen auf die Keimlingsentwicklung in Trespen-Halbtrockenrasen : Experimentelle felduntersuchungen in der Nordschweiz. Geobotanischen Institutes der ETH, Stiftung Rübel], 1990.

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Wilsey, Brian J. The Biology of Grasslands. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198744511.001.0001.

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This accessible text provides a concise but comprehensive introduction to the biology of global grasslands. Grasslands are vast in their extent, with native and non-native grasslands now covering approximately 50 percent of the global terrestrial environment. They are also of vital importance to humans, providing essential ecosystem services and some of the most important areas for the production of food and fibre worldwide. It has been estimated that 60 percent of calories consumed by humans originate from grasses, and most grain consumed is produced in areas that were formerly grasslands or
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Book chapters on the topic "Grassland experiment"

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Gittins, Robert. "Experiment 2: soil-species relationships in a limestone grassland community." In Canonical Analysis. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69878-1_7.

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Holland, Jonathan E., Christopher J. Boughton, and Dario Fornara. "Effects of Long-Term Nutrient Inputs on the Nitrogen (N) Balance and Ecosystem Function Trade-Offs in a Temperate Grassland Experiment." In Progress in Soil Science. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-1132-4_9.

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Joshi, J., S. J. Otway, J. Koricheva, et al. "Bottom-Up Effects and Feedbacks in Simple and Diverse Experimental Grassland Communities." In Ecological Studies. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74004-9_6.

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Charteris, Alice Fiona. "Microbial Fertiliser Nitrogen Assimilation in the Field as Compared with the Laboratory Incubation Experiments." In 15N Tracing of Microbial Assimilation, Partitioning and Transport of Fertilisers in Grassland Soils. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31057-8_5.

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Benot, Marie-Lise, Cendrine Mony, Sara Puijalon, et al. "Responses of clonal architecture to experimental defoliation: a comparative study between ten grassland species." In Herbaceous Plant Ecology. Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2798-6_21.

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Loiseau, P., J. F. Soussana, and E. Casella. "Effect of Climatic Changes (CO2, Temperature) on Grassland Ecosystems: First Five Months’ Experimental Results." In Soil Responses to Climate Change. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79218-2_20.

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Nanni, Valentina, Marilena Paolini, Angelo Innocenti, Paolo Mulè, and Mirella Vargiu. "Evaluation of Dormancy and Winter Hardiness of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) Experimental Lines, Obtained by Crossing Parental Lines Characterized Within the Framework of the PERMED Project." In Quantitative Traits Breeding for Multifunctional Grasslands and Turf. Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9044-4_25.

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Goulding, K. W. T., A. E. Johnston, and P. R. Poulton. "The Effect of Atmospheric Deposition, Especially of Nitrogen, on Grassland and Woodland at Rothamsted Experimental Station, England, Measured Over More Than 100 Years." In Air Pollution and Ecosystems. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4003-1_106.

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García-Álvarez, David, Francisco José Jurado Pérez, and Javier Lara Hinojosa. "Supra-National Thematic Land Use Cover Datasets." In Land Use Cover Datasets and Validation Tools. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90998-7_22.

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AbstractSupra-national thematic Land Use Cover (LUC) datasets are not very common. While there are several general datasets mapping all the land uses or covers in different supra-national areas across the world, LUC datasets with a similar extent that focus on the mapping of specific land covers in greater thematic detail are scarce. In this chapter, we review six different supra-national thematic LUC datasets. Three others were also found in the literature, but are not fully available for download, namely the TREES Vegetation Map of Tropical South America, the Central Africa—Vegetation map an
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VertÈs, F., J. C. Simon, and L. Le Corre. "Nitrate leaching under pastures: study of the soil-plant system in a lysimeter experiment." In Grassland and Society. Brill | Wageningen Academic, 1994. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004684409_090.

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Conference papers on the topic "Grassland experiment"

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Irisarri, J. G. N., P. A. Cipriotti, L. Castro Sardiña, M. Mortenson, and J. D. Derner. "Biophysical, Grazing-Season Management, and Animal Traits Effects on Individual Animal Performance of Cow-Calf Systems: Insights from a Longterm Experiment in the US Western Great Plains." In XXV International Grassland Congress. International Grassland Congress 2023, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/071171-0286.

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ChERNYShEVA, Ol'ga, Vera VAHRUShEVA, and Elena PRYaDIL'SchIKOVA. "Productivity and nutritional value of spring rapeseed in the conditions of the Vologda region." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production 29 (77). Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2022-29-77-130-134.

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The research was carried out on the experimental field of the North-Western Scientific Research Institute of Dairy and Grassland Farming. In the field experiment, five varieties of spring rapeseed were studied. As a result of the research, the productivity and nutritional value of spring rapeseed have been established.
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Porch, W. M., and W. Shaw. "Application of Optical Remote Sensing to the Study of Surface Fluxes Related To Cloud Formation." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1993.tuc.2.

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One of the largest uncertainties in climate change prediction is associated with cloud formation. A change in cloudiness small enough to be undetectable by satellites can have a large impact on global climate. It is therefore very important to accurately measure the meteorological parameters associated with cloud formation. These parameters include water vapor, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), and vertical lofting of air to colder altitudes. For boundary layer clouds, the vertical velocities associated with lofting need only be a few centimeters per second. The vertical velocity can be induced
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Yan, Xiyu, Yong Jiang, Shuai Chen, et al. "Automatic Grassland Degradation Estimation Using Deep Learning." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/835.

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Grassland degradation estimation is essential to prevent global land desertification and sandstorms. Typically, the key to such estimation is to measure the coverage of indicator plants. However, traditional methods of estimation rely heavily on human eyes and manual labor, thus inevitably leading to subjective results and high labor costs. In contrast, deep learning-based image segmentation algorithms are potentially capable of automatic assessment of the coverage of indicator plants. Nevertheless, a suitable image dataset comprising grassland images is not publicly available. To this end, we
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Bittman, S., D. E. Hunt, and K. Hannam. "Inferences on Soil Nutrients and Carbon Following Application of Dairy Manure from Long Term Grass Experiments in a Temperate Climate." In XXV International Grassland Congress. International Grassland Congress 2023, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/071171-0358.

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Missaoui, A., J. Ford, D. Woodfield, A. Stewart, and S. Makaju. "GGE Biplot Analysis of Forage Yield Performance and Stability Assessment of Tall Fescue Experimental Populations Selected Under Grazing Pressure in a Stress Environment." In XXV International Grassland Congress. International Grassland Congress 2023, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/071171-0175.

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Tyazhkorob, A. R. "The yield capacity of cereal-legume grass mixtures with two or three times mowing." In Agrobiotechnology-2021. Publishing house RGAU-MSHA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1855-3-2021-128.

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the article is devoted to the research of botanical composition, plant density and yield capacity of single-species and mixed grasslands for the 25th year of use. According to the results of experimental data, the two times mowing management is recommended for old-age grasslands.
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K, Prabu, Jeyakumar P D, and M. Thirumurugan. "Experimental Field Performance Analysis of Small Weed Remover in Sugarcane Grassland." In International Conference on Advances in Design, Materials, Manufacturing and Surface Engineering for Mobility. SAE International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2018-28-0063.

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Ugorec, Valentina, and Lyudmila Guluyeva. "Features of obtaining environmentally friendly livestock products in the conditions of the mountainous zone of the RSO–Alania." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production. Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2022-28-76-174-183.

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The authors present the natural resource potential of mountain lands and present the main results of work to increase the productivity of degraded pastures using biological, natural and economic resources. On their basis, specialized grasslands for farm animals have been formed. The experiments were carried out on two groups of animals. It was found that the experimental group of animals used the nutrients of the grass of the biologized pasture better, which had a positive effect on scar digestion and had a beneficial effect on their meat productivity, resulting in a profit of 9.86% more than
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Hagens, Mathilde, Marcel Hoosbeek, Ingrid Smet, et al. "Quantifying CO2 removal through enhanced weathering: Grassland and pot experiments." In Goldschmidt2021. European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.5775.

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Reports on the topic "Grassland experiment"

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Ehlert, Phillip. Agronomic efficacy of biobased nitrogen fertilising products of co-digested pig manure : Field Experiment Grassland 2020. Wageningen Environmental Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/572726.

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Ehlert, Phillip. Agronomic efficacy of biobased nitrogen fertilising products of co-digested pig manure : Field Experiment Grassland 2021. Wageningen Environmental Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/572799.

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Isbell, Forest I., and Brian J. Wilsey. Quantifying Species Interactions in Experimental Native vs. Exotic Grassland Plant Communities. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-106.

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