Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gratuité des soins de santé'
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Sounda, Love Leaticia. "L’accès aux soins au Gabon : écart entre la stratégie politique et les pratiques de santé." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0072/document.
Full textAt the declarative level, the Gabonese State demonstrates its commitment to guarantee and protect the lives of people through a coherent health policy. However, the issue of equality in healthcare remains unresolved in Gabon. It raises questions from the population and health actors. The research conducted in this thesis has practical implications. It is a question of a context of deficiency of the offer of public health, aggravated by the existence of the non-professional practices, dominated by the quest for profit. Our study analyzes access to healthcare devices in order to better understand the reasons for their fragility. This dissertation mobilizes the methodological and conceptual tools of sociology to offer a fine analysis of the gap between the political strategy of health and health practices such as class medicine and the merchandising of healthcare in Gabon. This country of Central Africa is all the more interesting to study as it allows to relativize the approaches which are fixed only on the economic dimension of the problem. Indeed, Gabon is a relatively rich country. However, equality with regard to access to healthcare, although officially decreed, is far from being effective
Dousteyssier, Laurent. "Réflexions sur le droit à la santé : à propos de l'expérience du Centre de soins gratuits de "Médecins du Monde" de Bordeaux." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2M184.
Full textFerreira, Jaqueline Teresinha. "Soigner les mal soignés : ethnologie d'un centre de soins gratuits de médecins du monde." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0145.
Full textFortin-Côté, Isabelle. "Le bénévolat chez les dentistes : une exploration des motivations et des barrières à offrir des soins dentaires gratuits." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33729.
Full textLe Québec est témoin de grandes inégalités sociales en matière de santé dentaire. Il est déjà connu que les personnes socioéconomiquement défavorisées sont davantage touchées par les maladies buccodentaires et éprouvent plus de difficultés d’accès aux soins que le reste de la population (1). Les coûts élevés des soins dentaires combinés à un faible revenu constituent la principale barrière empêchant l’accès (2, 3) Afin de pallier cette injustice qui pénalise les personnes à faible revenu, plusieurs dentistes font bénévolement des soins dentaires dans leur propre clinique pour venir en aide à une clientèle désavantagée socioéconomiquement (4-6). Ce type de bénévolat est parfois fait en collaboration avec un organisme ou une fondation, tout comme il peut être l’initiative du dentiste seul. L’objectif de cette recherche est de découvrir et de décrire les motivations et les barrières des dentistes à offrir bénévolement des soins dentaires aux patients défavorisés. Méthodologie : Cette étude exploratoire utilise un devis quantitatif-QUALITATIF. Elle comporte un recensement par questionnaires autoadministrés et des entrevues semi-dirigées auprès des dentistes exerçant dans la région de Lanaudière. Résultats : L’analyse des données permet d’identifier des croyances influençant la décision de faire du bénévolat. Celles-ci sont regroupées en quatre principaux thèmes : l’influence provenant de la société québécoise, celle provenant du réseau social du dentiste, de la culture de sa profession et de son identité individuelle. Bien qu’une tendance générale sur la perception des dentistes face au bénévolat se dégage de chacun des thèmes, il existe une grande variabilité interindividuelle. Retombées : Cette étude permettra aux gestionnaires et aux organismes désireux de développer un projet dentaire caritatif de mieux comprendre les contraintes des dentistes bénévoles et les conditions favorables à leur recrutement. Si plus de dentistes s’intéressent au bénévolat, cela sera bénéfique aux individus éprouvant des difficultés d’accès aux soins dentaires.
Québec is witnessing great social inequalities in dental health. It is already known that people who are socio-economically disadvantaged are more affected by oral diseases and have more difficulty accessing care than the rest of the population (1). High costs of dental care combined with low income are the main barrier to access (2, 3). In order to overcome this injustice, which penalizes low-income people, many dentists provide free dental care in their own clinics to help socio-economically disadvantaged clientele (4-6). This type of volunteer work can sometimes be in collaboration with an organization or foundation, but it can also be the initiative of the dentist alone. The purpose of this research is to discover and describe the motivations and barriers in providing free dental care to disadvantaged patients, and to understand what drives dentists to do this kind of volunteer work. Methodology : This exploratory study uses a quantitative-QUALITATIVE design. It includes a census by self-administered questionnaire and semi-directed interviews with dentists practising in the Lanaudière region. Results : Data analysis revealed beliefs influencing the decision to volunteer. These can be grouped into four main themes: Québec societal influence, the dentist's own social network, the culture of his/her profession and his/her individual identity. Although there is a general trend in dentists' perceptions of volunteering in each of the themes, there is considerable interindividual variability. Benefits : This study will help managers and organizations better understand the needs of dentists and the conditions for their recruitment as volunteers. Indirectly, the population experiencing difficulty accessing care will reap the benefits. Keywords : Dentists, health professionals, volunteer, volunteerism, underserved.
Ouedraogo, Mady. "Dynamique spatio-temporelle de la morbidité et mortalité liées au paludisme chez les enfants au Burkina Faso :apport de la modélisation bayésienne dans la compréhension de l’effet des mesures de contrôle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/314449/3/Thesis.pdf.
Full textDespite progress in the fight against malaria in Burkina Faso, malaria remains the most important vector-borne disease in the country, and P. falciparum is the most widespread and deadly pathogen in the area. The factors linked to this high burden are the inaccessibility (financial and geographical) to health care, insufficient diagnoses, and inadequate/late management of malaria cases. The achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 3 in Burkina Faso is based on the successful implementation of a set of interventions for the prevention, case management, and epidemiological surveillance of malaria. The objective of reducing the case fatality rate linked to malaria to 1% by 2020 has not been reached. It is, therefore, necessary to carry out an evaluation of the effectiveness of malaria control programs (the use of long-lasting insecticidal nets, the use of Artemisinin-based combination therapy, and free health care policies), especially at the sub-national level, which will be useful for guiding decision-making at smaller geographic scales. Routinely collected clinical data on malaria can provide essential information for the assessment of inter- and intra-monthly/annual variation in the effects of malaria control interventions and the risk of malaria at the national and subnational levels among children under five. In Burkina Faso, a significant amount of data is regularly collected through the online data transmission system via the “District Health Information System 2 (DHIS2)”. However, the use of these data to assess the effects of control interventions on the spatio-temporal dynamics of malaria risk at the local (district) level remains limited in Burkina Faso. In this research, we developed spatial and spatio-temporal models implemented in a Bayesian hierarchical framework to (i) assess the effects of control interventions on the spatio-temporal dynamics of morbidity and lethality due to malaria in the period of 2013–2018 in children under 5 in Burkina Faso and (ii) detect health districts (spatio-temporal) that fail to achieve the PNLP objectives in terms of morbidity/lethality. These models use Laplace Integrated Approximation (INLA), a deterministic algorithm that provides an appropriate method for analyzing routine malaria data correlated in both space and time. We observed that the implementation of the free health care policy was significantly associated with an increase in the number of reported cases of malaria tested and confirmed compared to the period before its implementation. This effect was, however, heterogeneous in the health districts. In addition, we found that the monthly malaria case fatality rate declined during the period of 2013–2018. This reduction was significantly associated with the availability of rapid diagnostic tests for malaria and treatments. We also observed that the risk of dying from malaria in children under 5 years old was lower during the period following the implementation of this policy compared to the previous period and identified health districts with a high case fatality rate from malaria in the northern, northwestern, and southwestern parts of the country. Our results call for a sustained and strengthened effort to test all suspected cases so that, along with improving early case management, the burden of malaria in children under five can be known with precision. In addition, our results highlight the health districts in greatest need of targeted interventions, as well as the need to maintain and strengthen ongoing health programs to further reduce malaria deaths in Burkina Faso.
Doctorat en Sciences de la santé Publique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Ba, Zrampieu Sarah. "Qualité et accessibilité aux services de soins maternels et infantiles dans un contexte d’exemption de paiement : cas de la Côte-d’Ivoire." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL12012.
Full textFrom April 2011, Ivorian authorities decided adoption of the exemption from payment of medical fees for users of public health institutions and community based. In February 2012, measure of total exemption from payment of medical fees takes end and leaves room to free care, targeted to pregnant women and children under five. This targeted free represents transitional step toward the establishment of universal health coverage. Also, since its adoption in February 2012, the policy of exemption of direct payment targeted to pregnant women and children under five is applied in Côte-d’Ivoire? What are the consequences of the implementation of this policy on the quality and accessibility of maternal and child care in Côte-d’Ivoire? These are the question to which our research will try to answer from a theoretical framework, mainly based on economic theories. These theories are theory of informational asymmetry, Lancasterian theory and approach by capabilities. In order to meet our research questions, we have achieved quantitative analysis of data from surveys of living standards of households carried out by National Institute of Statistics of Côte-d’Ivoire in 2008 and 2015. On the other hand, we realized structured and in-depth interviews, during May 2016 and January 2017, with patients, health providers, and individuals who live close to health centres selected. The main results of our analyses concern partial application of exemption from direct payment, maintaining quality and accessibility to maternal and child healthcare services, and finally, difficult transition to universal health coverage
Nkoumou, Ngoa Brice Gaston. "Essais sur la ressource humaine en santé et l’utilisation des services de santé maternelle en Afrique sub-saharienne." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED081.
Full textThis thesis studies the effect of prices on the decisions of health professionals and the use of maternal health services in sub-Saharan Africa. The first two chapters are concerned with the effect of wages on the effort choices and the multiple job holding of health professionals. Based on data collected at the peripheral level of the Cameroonian health system (Yaoundé and Douala), it appears that wages in the main job have no significant effect on the effort choice and the multiple job holding of the health professionals. Thus, a policy of high wages appears insufficient to control the shirking behaviour and the multiple job holding phenomenon of health professionals in the sub-Saharan context. The third chapter analyzes the short-term impact of the free delivery and caesarean program on the use of maternal health services in Senegal. This evaluation does not show in a short-term any positive impact of the free-of-charge measure on the use of maternal health services. The hasty scaling-up of free-of-charge policies can be then questioned in this context
Jolivet, Anne. "Migrations, santé et soins en Guyane." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01067997.
Full textDuconge, Jean-Patrick. "Les soins de santé primaires en Guinée." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON11137.
Full textCissé, Sanoussy. "L'offre de soins de santé au Sénégal." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON10010.
Full textThe protection of people health is one of the World Health Organization basic principles. Then, reaching health objectives has become the main concern of our time. However, in developing countries such as Senegal, it faces the tricky question of offer and access to treatment chiefly for the most destitute populations and for those living in rural area. Sadly, most of the health facilities cannot provide an effective and efficient care to their patients. Indeed, a lot of effort has been doing in the matter of care offer for years. Unfortunately, the general report is that: populations are still suffering from lack of care access. Authorities should think about health systems which take into account the whole population by granting them access to affordable care quality. To do so, they should solve the problems which are the causes of the degradation of people health among which poverty, illiteracy, and lack of access to drinking water and to adequate and clean accommodations. Among the recommended solutions, one of the most relevant is the integration of herbal remedy into all developing countries health system
Makhloufi, Abdelkrim. "Système de soins, et politique de santé en Algérie." Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090005.
Full textAbelmann, Caroline. "Qualité des soins et droit de la santé." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS163.
Full textQuality of care has gradually been incorporated into French law. It is now recognized indirectly as a patient's right and a goal for professionals and health institutions to achieve.However, the quality of care domain does not have its own legal framework. Soft law concerning care quality has emerged in parallel as a principle response to the hard law’s inadequacy in this domain, and to a wider extent, with special regard to the fast evolution in medical practice. These « soft law » instruments are different from their hard law counterparts which are traditionally defined as mandatory and are accompanied by a regime of sanctions issued by public authority.In this way the care quality domain conforms to a graduated regulatory system which extends from hard law to soft law. This now entails defining the articulation between the different instruments and their legal effects.In fact, improvements to care quality are being slowed by the overproduction of measures and professionals’ fears of being held liable as a result of their participation in these processes.It seems indispensable that regulatory, organizational, and operational changes should both target the development of a legal regime dedicated to data from these approaches, as well as the clarification of the roles and skills of each player especially as concerns the entirety of the measures. In contrast, specific legislation targeting the protection of professionals is not desirable
Nkoum, Benjamin Alexandre. "De l'évaluation scolaire à l'évaluation des pratiques professionnelles en santé : cas de la formation initiale et spécialisée en santé." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10126.
Full textGaubert, Julia. "Les soins de santé transfrontaliers : Approche juridique des soins médicaux transfrontaliers dans l'Union européenne." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON10041.
Full textWith only one percent of the health expenditure, cross boarder healthcare remains a marginal phenomenon but has important implications. At the interplay between national and Community competence as well as different branches of law, this notion and its regime reflect a diversity of influences. Cross boarder healthcare can be considered as a legal construct, which can be implied by two constituent material elements : the crossing of a boarder by the doctor or the patient and the chargeability of the costs of care. Cross border healthcare is organized around a triangle of players, namely the doctor and the social security body, both considered as service providers, and the patient, who acquired its own legal status. This study aims at showing the complexity and the originality of the cross boarder healthcare model. On the one hand, the European Union “forced” the application of this triangular model, but appears on the other hand to overcome this traditional model. This trend has recently been confirmed by the directive 2011/24/UE and calls the foundation of care relationship into question, well beyond the cross boarder care issues
Mourgues, Audrey. "L'accès aux soins." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10051.
Full textPerrin, Hélène. "Justice sociale et santé : l’accès aux soins à Abidjan." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CLF10229.
Full textSocial justice is one of the fundamental questions in contemporary economics. From the seventies, it has been the subject of a renewal of interest among philosophers and economists. Economic theories of justice aim at proposing conditions leading to a just society. They have also inspired justice principles to be applied to specific society fields. Health, in particular, appears as a privileged application field of these theories. The question of justice in health field arises with a particular intensity in development countries where health conditions are low and where resources allocated to health are often insufficient and badly used. The approach developed here is at the intersection of the three main fields of economics above-mentioned namely social justice analysis, health economics and development economics. The thesis aims at analyzing, in terms of justice, the impact of the health policy currently performed in the majority of West African countries, and in particular in Ivory Coast. This policy is based on the principles of Bamako Initiative, initiated by WHO, UNICEF and West African countries governments. It is based notably on two points: user fees and health care quality improvement. These principles raise an animated debate about the justice of such a policy. Some claim that justice is guaranteed because this health care reform should allow health care access for the majority of people. Others, in return, consider this policy unfair insofar as it may exclude the poorest sick out of health care system. This thesis intends to participate in this discussion and to bring elements of response to the question of justice raised here. It comprises four movements. The first one presents the principal economic theories of justice developed during this century. It allows to grasp with precision the notion of justice, fundamental in this research. The second one analyses justice principles developed in the more specific field of health. It leads to identify an empirical method that enables to detect a possible unfair impact of the health policy currently performed in Abidjan. This method, lying on an econometric estimation of a health care demand function, uses data of a survey that we personally conducted in Abidjan, from February to march 1998, among more than 4000 households. The third movement presents the main characteristics of this field work and analyses, from a justice point of view, the descriptive results obtained from this survey. Quite an injustice, felt at the end of this descriptive analysis, is confirmed by the econometric results exposed in the fourth time of this thesis. Indeed, user fees impact on health care demand appears inequitable because it is particularly unfavorable to the poor. Moreover, quality improvement, which is supposed to offset negative price effect, may essentially rise up health care use by the rich. Alternative solution, more favorable to the poorest, are then discussed. Several targeting policies, aimed at directing public resources in priority to the poor, are, in particular, analyzed. If some of them may be defended from a theoretical point of view, their implementation may force some difficulties. Then, such propositions must be improved and the research of other solutions that would even better assure health care access to the poor must, more than ever, be pursued
Valette, Annick. "Formation des trajectoires d'offre de soins : l'interaction hôpital – environnement." Paris 9, 1994. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1994PA090041.
Full textBased on a historical and comparative case study of two general hospitals the first part of the dissertation studies the process of care supply formation. The dynamics of the change generated by interactions between organization and environment is then studied. Three arguments have to be enlighted: the care supply formation is the result of resources accumulation which is the only variable which can be managed. In short term, resources acquired by the two hospitals can be variable. The coalition at the head of hospital, the relative scarcity of resources and relationships with actors of environment explain the differences. In medium term, irreversibility and self enforcement maintain the specificity of care supply trajectories nevertheless, the action of administration by regulating the availability of some resources, induces trajectories to converge
Bréchat, Pierre-Henri. "Territoires et égalité d'accès aux soins et à la santé." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020054/document.
Full textThe recomposition of public health policies has, for some years now, recentred around a notion of « relevant territory ». Experiments conducted since 1991 in the field of health and social planning have led public authorities to suggest a range of « health territories ». This notion allows identification of the perimeters within which the state attempts to knit together care and health offers in line with the needs of the population as well as with national or regional priorities. Beyond the fact of inequalities between territories, certain issues relating to access to care and health seem destined to get in the way. The French law of 2009 on reforming hospitals and concerning patients, health care and territories, sets out new models, in accordance with a redefinition of public service missions, which demand reflection on these inequalities as well as on those inequalities derived therefrom. There is a layering of places and forms of inequality which invites a rethink of the discursive variations between the maintenance of public service and the development of services for every section of the public. Proposals are made to improve equality of access to care and health for everyone, everywhere, so that principles of solidarity and fraternity no longer be called into question. This set of proposals could allow a return to a public service, effectively addressing such 21st century challenges as the reduction of inequalities. With the patient rights issue at its heart, this work on public health territory guarantees equality of access to care and health, illustrating the territorialisation of health policy. This means, of course, that the territorialisation dynamic concerns all public policy
Maillot, Stéphanie. "Redistribution et dépenses de santé." Besançon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA0004.
Full textThis thesis studies income redistribution. Redistribution comes from public health care finance and income taxation. Social and fiscal policies can be implemented by a benevolent State but also by self-interested politicians. The first part is a synthesis of literature. The normative and political approaches are retained to study health care finance and income redistribution. The second part studies the optimal redistributive policy when State is benevolent and offers income and health care coverage by means of a direct linear income tax. I also consider the introduction of moral hazard in a second time. The last part considers the democratic decision process : majority voting, to determine which fiscal and social policy has to be implemented, and analyzes the redistributive impact
Ramdane, Dabia. "L'accès aux soins des plus démunis." Paris 8, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA083608.
Full textThe law 1998/07/29 relating to struggle against exclusions has for goal effective access to fundamental rights by promotion of chance’s equality. It is an orientation law in which the exclusion is considered in entirety. The reference of health care access is central. However the law 1999/07/27 write down the creation of CMU is beneficial to specific answer. Indeed the aim I to put the health exclusion right so that the right to health become a reality for all. The CMU satisfy a request concerning volume and structure’s health by limitation of renunciation because of financing by exemption medical cost. So, it is a positive measure as regards health and social affairs. The exclusion constitue a patogenic situation. In fact, the excluded often haven got abrupt successive changes leading to deteriorate their health. The living conditions are a favourable ground development of various illness. The medical take charge is risky and the use of preventive is unusual. So that appareance expensive and serious pathologies for the community. Protection health population is a state duty recognized by the constitutional council as a principle especially necessary for our days. The PRAPS aim to improvement excluded health. It is an instrument of their rehabilitation into the health system. The PASS has for purpose to make easier the insertion at hospital. The ASV integrate health in the city policy. This context of proximity able to organize so as to be pertinent the health promotion of all in a locally development. The make use of a strategy for health promotion in direction of the excluded rest on a transversal public action. The law 2002/03/04 recommend preventive and education for health inscription as part of a coherent policy in order to be considered in global way. The law 2004/08/09 confirm this orientation. Indeed preventive, information and education are conditions of reducing health inequality. European union take too the global way for community’s health action in additional national policies to safeguard values of solidarity and justice so that reinforcing fundamental rights
Simon, Jean-Michel. "Evaluation du médicament et économie de la santé." Dijon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DIJOE008.
Full textThe economic evaluation of drugs is referred to increasingly in the context of scientific and economic approaches to achieving more effective health expenditure. The first part of this thesis sets out the basis for, and methodology employed in the economic evaluation of drugs. It describes briefly its limitations and the main criticisms levelled against it, giving details of the analytical options available as well as the differences between methods. In the second part, the author examines the possible role of pharmaco-economic criteria within the regulatory mechanisms of the French pharmaceutical market. It shows that they conflict with other decision-making criteria which at the present time carry, relatively speaking, more weight. The third part examines the relevance of pharmaco-economic evaluation in a practical setting, on the basis of studies of the new active substances which appeared within the five year period 1989-1993. It points out the problems inherent in these studies examines the general characteristics of the method adopted. It draws attention to the most frequently occuring faults, examines the validity, and assesses their overall contribution
Ait, Ouchannik Sadia. "Les mutations contemporaines de l'organisation des soins en santé mentale : répercussions sur les pratiques de soins psychiques et sur la subjectivité." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AMIE0007.
Full textMultiple reforms aiming at modernizing the public utilities and controling in a better way their spending have gradually transformed the running and organization of public health institutions in our country. A complete overhaul according to the terms of the new hospital governance accompanied with the introduction of management tools stemmed from New Public Management has been carried out. This work is about the transformations of care organization in health care facilities. The study of the proceduralization of care practices allowed to bring to the fore the role of Evidence-Based Medicine in the enterprise of standardization in care systems. Effects of these management logics on the different registers of the intersubjective bond have been grasped, bringing out the forms they spread in group dynamics and teams instituted, with in the background the transformations of sociocultural meta-framework. A particular care has been attached to health managers'view considering the specificity of their task which set them at the crossroads of clinical, managerial and administrative dimensions. The analysis of clinical situations allowed to bring out the sight of the medicalization of psychological suffering and the extension of the concept of "psychic handicap". Transformations in the notion of psychic care have been confronted with mental health paradigm ; Michel Foucault's work has enable to show that mental health policy system are part of a mode of neoliberal governmental rationality framework
Ngo, Bebe. "Système d'information et évaluation de la qualité des soins de santé pri maires au Zaïre: essai méthodologique de l'appréciation des performances des services de santé dans la distribution des soins." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213406.
Full textFiszman, Pénélope. "Santé et recours aux soins en Belgique: disparités sociales et spartiales." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210970.
Full textVarenne, Benoît. "Transition épidémiologique et santé orale au Burkina Faso : disparités d'états de santé et de recours aux soins." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066082.
Full textGerbaud, Laurent. "Financement des services de soins hospitaliers et développement de l'évaluation de la qualité des soins." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOE020.
Full textGeeraert, Jérémy. "La question sociale en santé : L'hôpital public et l'accès aux soins des personnes en marge du système de santé en France à l'aube du XXe siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD080/document.
Full textThis thesis explores how the “social question” (question sociale) is managed as an issue of health at publichospitals through the lens of power relations and health care structures. To this end, the sociological studyexamines the “healthcare access unit” (Permanence d’accès aux soins de santé, PASS) of public hospitals in France,which are reserved for persons who are excluded from the healthcare system – most notably irregular migrants.The employed methods combine a socio-historical analysis with ethnographic fieldwork — including participantobservation and semi-structured interviews (n=40) — conducted over the course of three years in sixteen PASSunits based at eight different hospitals, and in the broader structures within which they exist (i.e. associationsand institutional guardianships).In the first section, a genealogy of the “social question” in health in France demonstrates how space for thehealthcare of poverty has emerged at the end of the 20th century, which specifically targets social groups amongthe most destitute. This space of a particular type of care was increasingly institutionalized in the public hospitalsystem during the 1990’s, embedding itself in both the field of public health and in the fight against socialexclusion. This space fulfills several (bio)political objectives: fighting social exclusion, ensuring a right to health,and protecting the health of the population as a whole. Second, an analysis of PASS units in the organisation ofpublic hospitals exposes how they are weakened through two dominant and competing models (technicalspecialization and new public management). Faced with this situation, varied strategies (ex. of adaptation andempowerment) are employed by different actors inside and outside of the hospital. Lastly, a third section lays outthe categories of patients that are produced during interactions with professionals from PASS units. It exposesthe role of these categories in the stratification of the health care system along its lowest margins. Patients aredivided into more or less legitimate groups - based on criteria of citizenship and of solvency – each of which areafforded differentiated values of life. These dynamics are characterized by a permanent tension betweeninclusion and exclusion in the field, and by a differentiated distribution of health care. In such a context, anindividualized and flexible government allows for the pursuit of these multiple (bio)political objectives
Wenner, Micheline. "Comment et pourquoi devient-on infirmière ?" Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090059.
Full textThe aim of research consist in understanding, how and why, a subject has determined to enter into this profession at a moment of his life, to practise this profession not at the level of the health, but in contact with side people, the sickness and the death consequentiality, the research about: - an historical and sociological approach of cares given to sick people, on the tooic of clarifying the interventions of the main actors, the religious and medical ones in the emergence of the nurse profession. - a study about the contour of the profession in the french society, throught its structures, the contents of the nurse's work and its capacity to take position in the system of treatments. - the methodological context of the research based on forty families' trajectories and forty nurses' accounts of there practices. - the study of family structures, nurses and male nurse' school trajectories, their social activities and their system of values. - the family factual histories, with phenomenons of change, of rupture. - the nurses' practices, extricating cohat concerne the family factual, what the sick people and the main actors tend to reactivate and finally, what the nurses tend to do with their project in the process of reparation
St-Jean, Isabelle. "L'accès des personnes âgées aux services de santé et le respect de leur dignité." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2005. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5311.
Full textBazin, Fabienne. "Les déterminants psychosociaux du recours aux soins." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066233.
Full textGbabode, Placide. "Le système sanitaire et les soins de santé primaires en République centrafricaine." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2M036.
Full textNguyen, Thanh Nguyen. "Politique de santé et système de santé au Vietnam : évolution liée aux changements économiques 1975-2000." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077087.
Full textPotvin, Pronovost Diane. "Intégration de la philosophie des Soins de Santé Primaires au programme de formation initiale de niveau collégial en soins infirmiers." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11205.
Full textRiou, Françoise. "Filières de soins : objet et méthode de recherche." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1T124.
Full textCouffinhal, Agnès. "Concurrence en assurance santé : entre efficacité et sélection." Paris 9, 1999. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1999PA090048.
Full textPichetti, Sylvain. "La concurrence par comparaison, applications en économie de la santé." Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA0001.
Full textYardstick competition is a way of regulating several regional monopolies so as to induce a form of competition that weakens individual firms' monopolies of information and hence improves the terms of the trade-off between allocative, productive and distributional efficiency. This is done by making the reward to one firm depend on its performance relative to that of other firms. This promising mechanism is however rarely applied in economics. This phenomenon can be explained by the fact that it is difficult to compare firms whose environments are heterogeneous. The DEA method is very convenient to treat this problem. The important potential of the method as a way of comparison is illustrated by two original contributions centered on health economics. The first one aims at estimating the efficiency of hospitals in order to assign to each of them a budget target. The second one aims at estimating the efficiency of health expenses at the departmental level through the DEA method
Bahrami, Stéphane. "Essais sur la qualité des soins : approches en économie et en santé publique." Thesis, Paris 9, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA090073.
Full textThis work takes the perspectives of economics and public health to study issues related to the quality of hospital care.The first chapter introduces the concept of quality of care in economics and public health. We show that the two fields use similar definitions of the concept but explore differing and complementary approaches towards its regulation.Fixed price competition between hospitals, as implemented by a prospective payment system, should lead to an improvement of care quality, provided that the demand for care is increasing with quality. The second chapter evaluates the sensitivity to quality of demand for hospital care in France, using ranking lists published by the lay media as a measure of information on quality available to potential patients. We estimate changes in hospital demand caused by ranking lists on a panel of hospitals located in the Paris area, for several pathologies. We find a sizeable and significant demand shift towards hospitals belonging to the top list in the forprofit sector for one pathology. No effect is observed for non-profit hospitals, or for other pathologies in the for profit sector. Competition for quality may thus not be a feasible regulation approach for French public hospitals.The third chapter provides evidence regarding the cost of hospital infection control strategies targeting antimicrobial resistant bacteria. We estimated the burden and costs associated with two types of strategies, relying on targeted screening or on general hygiene promotion strategies, in two multinational controlled clinical trials, in surgical and intensive care units.Our results highlight the variability of costs associated with broad, non-specific hygiene promotion interventions, and, for interventions which were found to be effective by the clinical trials, costs that are consistent with the hypothesis that these interventions are costeffective
Avogadro, Laurence. "La santé et le recours aux soins des "sans domicile fixe" à Paris." Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20024.
Full textHomeless people should be considered as genuine actors in our society. Only in such a way it is possible to take into account the life of these citizens as far as access to health and health is concerned. The fact is that we cannot improve health and health care without the total involvement of those who are concerned. Indeed these people do not ask for health care or do it too late. Similarly the health care professionals misunderstand this category of peolple and subsequently fail to recognize their real needs. Therefore a working relationship between the homeless and the health care professionals becomes a reality only when the images the homeless have about their own health, diseases and bodies are taken into account. From this experience we also gain the means to improve the health care offered. There can be no real access to health care as long as the health care services do not take into consideration the specific needs of the homeless
Chaix, Basile. "Modélisation des effets du contexte sur la santé et le recours aux soins." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066044.
Full textSt-Onge, Mélanie. "Continuité relationnelle dans les soins de santé mentale primaires : réflexion, conceptualisation et mesure." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2012. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6191/1/030404024.pdf.
Full textGuthmuller, Sophie. "L'accès aux soins des populations modestes en France : études micro-économétriques des comportements de recours à la complémentaire santé et aux soins." Thesis, Paris 9, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA090052.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to study the financial access to complementary health insurance (CHI) and to health care of low-income populations in France. We are particularly interested in evaluating a subsidized health insurance program (ACS) introduced to encourage households whose resources are just above the free means-tested complementary health insurance program (CMUC), to purchase a CHI plan. In implementing a randomized experiment and in using a sample of eligible households for these programs, we are able to enhance the knowledge base on three issues: (i) Understanding and reducing the ACS non-take-up. (ii) The take-up of CHI plan and the health care use of low-income populations. (iii) The existence of a CMUC threshold effect. Results of this thesis provide some important tracks to improve the effectiveness of these programs and more generally that of future public policies aiming to improve equity in access to health care
Dione, Ibrahima. "Polarisation des structures de soins de la Haute Casamance : entre construction nationale des systèmes de santé et recours aux soins transfrontalier." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00945314.
Full textRenahy, Emilie. "Recherche d'information en matière de santé sur Internet : déterminants, pratiques et impact sur la santé et le recours aux soins." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066087.
Full textCabon, Sébastien. "La disposition à payer comme mesure des préférences individuelles dans le secteur de la santé." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10040.
Full textLessard, Lily. "Troubles mentaux courants et soins de santé en région isolée : évaluation des soins offerts dans les services de santé de première ligne aux personnes avec un trouble dépressif ou anxieux au Nunavik." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25958.
Full textIntroduction: Major depression, along with suicide, tops the list of health problems affecting the well-being of the Inuit. Improvement in their mental wellness would imply primarily the reduction of gaps in the continuum of services, treatment and support offered. This thesis focuses on the quality of care offered to those individuals in Nunavik who present with a common mental disorder. Three objectives are pursued to verify whether these health care have the potential to provide support to these individuals in their recovery process: 1) assess the quality of clinical processes, using indicators that are both valid and adapted to the context of Nunavik, 2) identify the delays and disruptions in the continuums of care, and 3) identify individual and organizational factors liable to influence the quality of care. Method: This research adopts a descriptive correlational design based on quantitative methods of data collection and analysis. The study population comprises users of primary health services aged 14 years and over, who present with an anxiety disorder or depression. Using clinical records, information on the care offered was colligated for a two-year observation period. Ninety-three individuals from 10 communities in Nunavik made up the sample. Results: A total of 18 clinical process indicators were deemed relevant, measurable and valid indicators to demonstrate the strengths and gaps in the clinical processes. Study of the continuums of care subsequently located the majority of discontinuations around the first follow-up visit (planning and implementation), which indicates that treatment of common mental disorders in Nunavik is built on an acute disease management model. Finally, the principal factors influencing the quality of care were associated with individual clinical factors (type of disorder) and socio-demographic factors (age). Conclusion: This study provides new information pertaining to the clinical processes and continuums of care for mental health in Nunavik. This information has the potential to allow policy makers to base their decisions concerning the organization of mental health primary care services on contextualized information and in so doing, to implement effective and adapted solutions to improve care for the long term.
Guivarc'h, Maud. "Spécificités des enjeux conceptuels et éthiques des soins d'urgence en odontologie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0662/document.
Full textDespite major therapeutic progress, oral health still remains an important public health problem in France. The use of dental care is mainly based on patients’ perception of a dental problem, mostly pain, that may motivate a request for emergency dental care. In contrast to what is available for the management of medical emergencies, the provision of emergency dental care in France relies mainly on care provided in private dental offices while the supply of public emergency dental care remains minor and heterogeneous. This particular organization, associated with the difficulty in identifying precisely what constitutes a dental emergency, is likely to result in patients lacking access to emergency dental care. The analysis of the international literature shows that similar issues have been raised in countries of equivalent standard of living and these findings call for developing the provision of dental care in the hospital environment. This work is based on three complementary studies, each of which addressing the different actors involved in dental emergencies (patients, dentists and dental students). The aim of this work is (i) to characterize the notion of urgency in the context of dentistry, (ii) to discuss the benefits and current limitations of the two co-existing ways of management of dental emergencies (i.e. private offices and public hospital), (iii) to consider the educational issues related to the teaching of dental emergency topic and (iv) to carry out, on the basis of the synthesis of our experimental results, a reflection on the ethical issues related to better consideration of these common care situations by dentists
Meunier, Aude. "Système de soins publics et organisation territoriale : Approche de l'espace Burkinabé." Rouen, 1998. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00835312.
Full textMartinent, Éric. "La notion d'accès au soins en droit." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2010_in_martinent_e.pdf.
Full textThe notion of access to health care law stands the right of access to care and lets say the differences between the existing legal regimes and access to care as a social fact. The interest of a study on the concept of access to care is to think its emergence in the history of law and its materiality in positive law on vis-ŕ-vis the rights of freedoms of the Act and the relationship Medical. The emergence and tensions concerning questions of law relating to debt securities, to equal access to health care office and the problem of equality and acceptance or not of those who may be located distributive justice in the matter vis-ŕ-vis the scarce goods, citizenship, equality & c. Geographic These distinctions can be understood, first, that under the guise of studying the baskets of goods and service existing health and, secondly, in the conceptions of the social contract and social justice in the material, vis-ŕ-vis, the concept of public service (universal) health and social protection schemes end of political philosophy. The study of the emergence and principled technique is noteworthy for not paying in a relativistic conception of access to care remains, like the key to medicine, always an ethical question and tragic. Under French law, is covered under the Social Republic and the Republic must be appreciated that liberal Republic of care in the happy synthesis of the ethicality of our rule of law vis-ŕ-vis the Republican principles , freedom (tension between freedom and autonomy), equality (formal and material) and brotherhood
Ramandraivonona, Rova. "Dépenses de santé et arrêts maladie en France entre 2009 et 2012." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED016/document.
Full textThe purpose of this dissertation is to define the role of French healthcare expenditures, and to identify whether care represent a cost or an investment. We use the inter-relationships between care and sick leaves for more than a hundred thousand employees. Results show a combination of preventive and curative impact of any care expenditure.By regressing additional care cost on having declared a sick leave, we highlight the significant cost of care that can be likened to consumption.With a zero inflated Poisson model, we also investigate sick leave’s key factors. In particular we focus on sectors and find that working conditions differentiate probability of sick leave, whereas employment conditions and social environment discriminate between sick leave’s durations.We then examine the preventive role of care, reducing significantly the number of sick leave days for the next year : A Poisson regression model is used where the initial condition problem has been taken into account.In our last approach, we statically classify health care and sick leave behavior to finally show that health capital can be viewed as a continuum for which investments are realized
Zhouri, Fernanda. "L’accès aux soins de santé en France et au Brésil par la coordination entre assurance étatique et assurance privée." Thesis, Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080005.
Full textThe recognition of the constitutional right to health by states (France and Brazil) imposes on public insurance the obligation to ensure health care to the entire population through health public policies. The health care systems in France and in Brazin are achieved with the coexistence between public and private insurance. Trough the implementation of public health policies and private insurance that offers private health insurance contracts. In France there is a coordination between public and private health care systems who share responsibility for the health care system. In Brazil the private secteur of health insurance was incorporated separate of health public insurance. The private health care system in Brazil offers a chain of services through private health care contracts. The state regulation of the private health care insurance contracts in the two countries is not achieved in such a way as to allow a rebalancing of the financing of health care between public and private insurance. In both countries the public insurance remains responsible for financing the most expensive part of health care. This research intends to demonstrate how a imperfect regulation of private health care system by the States (France and Brazil) allows, at present, a silent privatization of public health that will result in serious problems of access to health care for the entire population. The goal is to verify the best regulatory tools used by States considering a rebalancing the responsibility between public and private health care systems to guarantee access to health