Academic literature on the topic 'Gravimetri'
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Journal articles on the topic "Gravimetri"
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Petroškevičius, Petras, Rosita Birvydienė, Romuald Obuchovski, and Eimuntas Paršeliūnas. "INVESTIGATION INTO MEASUREMENTS USING GRAVIMETERS SCINTREX CG-5 / MATAVIMŲ SCINTREX CG-5 GRAVIMETRAIS ANALIZĖ / АНАЛИЗ ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ, ПРОВЕДЕННЫХ ГРАВИМЕТРАМИ SCINTREX CG-5." Geodesy and Cartography 37, no. 4 (January 11, 2012): 154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921541.2011.645338.
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The article investigates four automatic gravimeters Scintrex CG-5. With reference to the measurements of the gravimetric calibration base set up in Lithuania, linear scale coefficients and the character of changes in the linear scale coefficients of gravimeters were estimated. The paper examines the vertical gradient of gravity acceleration in the eight-floor building, evaluates the range of changes into gravimeter drifts under laboratory conditions and describes daily gravimeter drift during gravimetric measurements. Santrauka Atlikti keturių Scintrex CG-5 gravimetrų tyrimai. Remiantis gravimetrinės bazės, įrengtos Lietuvos teritorijoje, matavimų duomenimis, nustatyta gravimetrų kalibravimo koeficientai ir jų kitimo pobūdis. Atlikti sunkio pagreičio vertikaliojo gradiento aštuonių aukštų pastate tyrimai. Laboratorinėmis sąlygomis nustatytas gravimetrų paros nulio slinkties kitimo diapazonas. Atlikti gravimetrų nulio slinkties matavimų metu tyrimai. Резюме Проведены исследования четырех гравиметров Scintrex CG-5. На основании измерений гравиметрической базы, находящейся на территории Литвы, получены коэффициенты калибровки гравиметров. Проведены исследования вертикального градиента ускорения силы тяжести в восьмиэтажном здании. Определен диапазон изменения лабораторного суточного смещения нуль-пункта гравиметров. Также оценено смещение нуль-пункта гравиметров во время измерений гравиметрической базы.
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Darmawan, Petrus, and Soebiyanto Soebiyanto. "Gravimetri Tidak Langsung untuk Menetapkan Jumlah Air Kristal." Biomedika 11, no. 2 (September 7, 2018): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31001/biomedika.v11i2.423.
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Gravimetri merupakan salah satu bagian utama dalam Kimia Analisa. Air kristal yang merupakan konstituen dalam beberapa searyawa kimia dapat ditentukan pula dengan cara gravimetri langsung, dimana bahan dilakukan pemanasan dengan oven selama waktu tertentu sampai berat konstan.
Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan alternatif yang lain pada penetapan jumlah air kristal dalam suatu senyawa kimia, dimana dalam hal ini dilakukan penambahan reagen pengendap Na SO 3 M pada larutan BaCl . 2 4 2 Endapan yang terbentuk kemudian dilakukan pemanasan dengan oven sampai didapat berat konstan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan cara gravimetri tidak langsung, tidak berbeda dengan cara gravimetri langsung.
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Sunardi, Setyani Hardiani, and Aris Mukimin. "PENGEMBANGAN METODE ANALISIS PARAMETER MINYAK DAN LEMAK PADA CONTOH UJI AIR." Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri 5, no. 1 (May 31, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21771/jrtppi.2014.v5.no1.p1-6.
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Minyak dan lemak merupakan parameter yang konsentrasi maksimumnya dipersyaratkan untuk air limbah industri dan air permukaan. Analisis infra merah dan gravimetri adalah dua metode standar yang hingga saat ini digunakan. Kelemahan metode-metode tersebut yaitu penggunaan pelarut CCl4(metode IR) dan daerah konsentrasi analisis yang besar (metode gravimetri) sehingga penting dilakukan penelitian penggunaan pelarut lain dan penurunan limit deteksi, khususnya metode gravimetri. Pelarut C2Cl4 dan S316 digunakan sebagai pelarut ekstraksi pada metode IR karena tergolong pelarut yang masih direkomendasikan untuk penggunaannya. Variasi volume sampel dan tahapan ekstraksi dengan n-heksan sebagai pelarut dilakukan untuk pengembangan metode gravimetri sehingga mampu menurunkan limit deteksi di bawah 10 mg/L. Jenis minyak yang digunakan sebagai sampel yaitu minyak nabati dan minyak mineral. Pada pembacaan absorbansi pelarut C2Cl4 dan S316 menunjukkan level respon yang sangat tinggi yaitu 18 mg/L (C2Cl4) dan 15 mg/L (S316) sehingga tidak bisa digunakan untuk analisis minyak dengan metode infra merah. Pada metode gravimetri diperoleh persen recovery 92,28% (sampel minyak nabati) dan 99,25% (sampel minyak mineral) dengan konsentrasi analit sebesar 0,9 mg/L dan 0,88 mg/L. Nilai persen recovery tersebut diperoleh pada volume sampel 2000 mL dan teknik ekstraksi 4 tahap dengan limit deteksi 0,5639 mg/L dan 0,4736 mg/L sehingga pengembangan metode gravimetri ini layak digunakan untuk analisis sampel air limbah dan air permukaan.
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Windaryati, Lilis, Ngatijo Ngatijo, Pranjono Pranjono, and Torowati Torowati. "PENENTUAN KADAR URANIUM DALAM SERBUK UO2 DARI YELLOW CAKE SECARA POTENSIOMETRI DAN GRAVIMETRI." Jurnal Forum Nuklir 10, no. 2 (June 8, 2017): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/jfn.2016.10.2.3555.
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PENENTUAN KADAR URANIUM DALAM SERBUK UO2 DARI YELLOW CAKE SECARA POTENSIOMETRI DAN GRAVIMETRI. Telah dilakukan penentuan kadar uranium dalam serbuk UO2 dari yellow cake yang berasal dari Pusat Teknologi Bahan Galian Nuklir (PTBGN). Serbuk UO2 yang ditentukan kadar uraniumnya merupakan hasil konversi yellow cake melalui jalur amonium diuranat (ADU) dan amonium uranil karbonat (AUK). Dalam penentuan kadar uranium diperlukan suatu metode yang valid sehingga diperoleh data yang akurat. Dalam kegiatan ini dibandingkan dua metode penentuan kadar uranium dalam serbuk UO2, yaitu secara potensiometri dan secara gravimetri. Tujuannya untuk menentukan mana metode yang memberikan hasil dengan ketelitian dan presisi tinggi. Penentuan kadar uranium secara potensiometri mengacu kepada ASTM C1267-11 yang dimodifikasi dengan mereduksi pemakaian pereaksi menjadi 10% dari metode asli, sedangkan metode gravimetri mengacu kepada ASTM C1453-00 (2011). Penentuan kadar uranium secara potensiometri berdasarkan oksidasi-reduksi, sedangkan secara gravimetri berdasarkan perubahan berat setelah serbuk UO2 dikalsinasi pada temperatur 900°C selama 3 jam hingga diperoleh berat konstan. Dari kegiatan ini diperoleh hasil rerata untuk penentuan kadar uranium dalam serbuk UO2 melalui jalur ADU dan AUK secara potensiometri masing-masing adalah (87,4019 ± 0,7873) % dan (87,5575 ± 0,4775) %, sedangkan secara gravimetri masing-masing adalah (87,5241 ± 0,0432) % dan (87,4492 ± 0,0440) %. Uji t dari kedua metode menunjukkan bahwa hasil penentuan kadar uranium tidak mempunyai perbedaan yang signifikan. Oleh sebab itu, penentuan kadar uranium dalam serbuk UO2 pada penelitian berikutnya digunakan metode gravimetri karena lebih mudah tahapan pengerjaannya dibandingkan dengan metode potensiometri.
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Noviyanty, Yuska Noviyanty, Herlina Herlina, and Cahyan Fazihkun. "IDENTIFICATION AND DETERMINATION OF SAPONIN LEVELS FROM BIDURROT EXTRACT (Calotropis gigantea L) USING GRAVIMETRY METHOD." Journal of Pharmaceutical And Sciences 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com.v3i2.52.
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Biduri plants (Calotropis gigantea L) are used as medicinal plants, namely as cough and anti-allergic medicines. Research conducted by (Suchita Siggn. 2014) shows the presence of glycoside compounds, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins. then the researchers are interested in carrying out research on the identification and determination of saponin levels from the extract of the baby root (Calotropis gigantea L) by the Gravimetri method. Qualitative test was carried out by inserting 500 mg of biduri root extract (Calotropis gigantea L) into a test tube, then adding 10 ml of hot water, shaking vigorously for 10 seconds and adding HCL, then a quantitative test was carried out using the gravimetric method. Based on the results of research that has been carried out the extract of the betel root (Calotropis gigante L) positive containing saponin compounds with saponin content is 2.6% with a weight of 1.16 gram saponins using the gravimetric method
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Noviyanty, Yuska Noviyanty, Herlina Herlina, and Cahyan Fazihkun. "IDENTIFICATION AND DETERMINATION OF SAPONIN LEVELS FROM BIDURROT EXTRACT (Calotropis gigantea L) USING GRAVIMETRY METHOD." Journal of Pharmaceutical And Sciences 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com.v3i2.52.
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Biduri plants (Calotropis gigantea L) are used as medicinal plants, namely as cough and anti-allergic medicines. Research conducted by (Suchita Siggn. 2014) shows the presence of glycoside compounds, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins. then the researchers are interested in carrying out research on the identification and determination of saponin levels from the extract of the baby root (Calotropis gigantea L) by the Gravimetri method. Qualitative test was carried out by inserting 500 mg of biduri root extract (Calotropis gigantea L) into a test tube, then adding 10 ml of hot water, shaking vigorously for 10 seconds and adding HCL, then a quantitative test was carried out using the gravimetric method. Based on the results of research that has been carried out the extract of the betel root (Calotropis gigante L) positive containing saponin compounds with saponin content is 2.6% with a weight of 1.16 gram saponins using the gravimetric method
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Setyawan, Galih, and Pratiwi Indah Tri Lestari. "Pengaruh Kontribusi Ketidakpastian Terhadap Pelaporan Nilai Porositas Menggunakan Metode Gravimetri." JURNAL ILMU FISIKA | UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS 9, no. 2 (November 9, 2017): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jif.9.2.97-102.2017.
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Metode gravimetri berhasil diterapkan untuk menentukan nilai porositas batu kapur. Metode tersebut dilakukan dengan menggunakan timbangan standar terkalibrasi dan gelas ukur terkalibrasi untuk menentukan volume pori dan volume total dari sampel batu kapur. Porositas ditentukan dari hasil perbandingan antara volume pori dan volume total tersebut. Nilai ketidakpastian tipe A dibandingkan dengan hasil perhitungan ketidakpastian gabungan (Ugab) dengan menambahkan ketidakpastian tipe B yang bersumber dari sertifikat gelas ukur, timbangan dan temperatur. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ketidakpastian tipe B menjadi penyebab utama meningkatnya nilai ketidakpastian pengukuran porositas batu kapur hingga 6%. Namun ketidakpastian tipe B seringkali diabaikan pada pelaporan hasil pengukuran. Kata kunci : Ketidakpastian, Porositas, Gravimetri
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Kartika, Dwi, and Mardiyah Kurniasih. "PENENTUAN KEASAMAN ZEOLIT MENGGUNAKAN METODE GRAVIMETRI, TITRASI DAN FTIR." Molekul 2, no. 2 (November 1, 2007): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2007.2.2.38.
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Determination of natural zeolite and activated natural zeolite acidity using gravimetric, titration and FTIR methods had been carried out. The result of gravimetric method show that the acidity of the natural zeolite and activated natural zeolite was 2,350 and 5,628 mol/gram, respectively. The titration method can be obtained that the acidity degree of the natural zeolite and activated natural zeolite was 12,333 and 12,067, respectively. The result showed that the activation of the natural zeolite sample by HCl caused dealumination.
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Hardiyanti and Khairun Nisah. "ANALISIS KADAR SERAT PADA BAKSO BEKATUL DENGAN METODE GRAVIMETRI." AMINA 1, no. 3 (March 4, 2021): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/amina.v1i3.42.
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The goal of this study is to determine the level of fibre contained in bakso made from rice shiftings. The analysis employed gravimetric method with fibretherm apparatus. Firstly, the sample was defatted through n-hexanic soxhletation. After that,the gravimetric treatment was carried out in the apparatus to obtain the weight of the fibre. The data were then converted to percentage value. This step resulted the content of the fibre as following as 0.41; 0.23; 0.34; and 0.36% repectively for four samples. It shows that the level of those are below the standard of SNI 01-4439-1998.
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Mushoddiqoh, Diina Qiyaman, Bernadus H. Sirenden, Tatik Maftukhah, and Nur Tjahyo Eka. "KARAKTERISASI VOLUME KALIBRATOR ALAT PENAKAR CURAH HUJAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE GRAVIMETRI." Jurnal Standardisasi 20, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31153/js.v20i1.591.
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<p>Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG) memiliki alat ukur curah hujan yang tersebar di 180 lokasi stasiun pemantau cuaca di seluruh daerah Indonesia. Alat ukur ini perlu dikalibrasi secara berkala untuk menjamin hasil pengukuran dan ketertelusurannya. Tim peneliti Puslit Metrologi LIPI bekerjasama dengan BMKG mengembangkan kalibrator curah hujan yang dapat dibawa dan mudah untuk digunakan. Karakterisasi dilakukan pada kalibrator ini sebagai jaminan hasil pengukuran dan pengujian untuk memenuhi standar. Karakterisasi dilakukan dengan metode gravimetri menggunakan timbangan mengacu pada prosedur kalibrasi Laboratorium Volume Puslit Metrologi LIPI. Kecepatan aliran air diatur dengan pompa dalam satuan Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), dan parameter – parameter pengukuran ditampilkan pada aplikasi di dalam komputer. Telah dilakukan pengambilan data untuk karakterisasi kalibrator curah hujan dengan hasil volume rata – rata pada kondisi standar (20oC) sebesar 970 ml, 966 ml, dan 971 ml pada PWM pompa 100, 150, dan 255. Ketidakpastian bentangan yang didapat sebesar 3 ml. Dari hasil karakterisasi dan simulasi perhitungan didapat ketidakpastian bentangan sebesar 1% untuk curah hujan di atas 18 mm. Hasil tersebut memenuhi standar ketidakpastian maksimal pengukuran curah hujan sebesar 2% untuk kadar curah hujan 0 – 500 mm. </p>
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gravimetri"
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Purpurovič, Janina. "Antrosios klasės gravimetrinių matavimų analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120723_102357-23012.
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Baigiamajame magistro darbe atlikta Lietuvos ir Lenkijos gravimetrinių tinklų analizė. Apžvelgta IGSN 71 sunkio sistemos perdavimo metodika, išnagrinėtas gravimetrinių tinklų tikslumas. Pateikta informacija apie naujausią automatinį gravimetrą Scintrex CG-5, atlikta Lietuvos antrosios klasės gravimetrinio tinklo sudarymo metodikos detali analizė. Sudaryta gravimetrinių matavimų duomenų bazė, kuri gali būti naudojama gravimetrinių matavimų duomenų analizei. Panaudojant antrosios klasės gravimetrinio tinklo matavimų gravimetrais Scintrex CG-5 duomenis, atlikti, sunkio pagreičio tikslumo priklausomybės nuo matavimų skaičiaus punkte, tyrimai. Darbe gauti tyrimų rezultatai gali būti panaudoti tobulinant matavimų gravimetrais Scintrex CG -5 metodiką. Darbą sudaro 6 dalys: įvadas, 4 skyriai, išvados, literatūros sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 98 p. , 56 iliustr., 22 lent., 28 bibliografiniai šaltiniai.Thesis carried out in Lithuania and Poland, the gravimetric analysis of the network.Reviewed in IGSN 71gravity system of transmission methods, examined the accuracy of gravimetric networks. The information on the latest automatic gravimeter Scintrex CG-5, made second-class Lithuanian gravimetric network of methodology on a detailed analysis. Done gravimetric measurement database that can be used for gravimetric measurement data analysis. Using a second-class gravimeters gravimetric network Scintrex CG-5 data, perform, acceleration of gravity accuracy dependence on the number of measurements point out. We obtain the results can be used to improve measurement gravimeters Scintrex CG -5 methodology. The work consists of six parts: introduction, four sections, conclusions and the list of literature. Working volume - 98 pages, 56 drawings, 25 tables. The list of literature includes 28 bibliographical sources.
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Jensen, Mai-Britt Mose. "Geophysical tools for prognosis of deformation in hardrock environments." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Geovetenskap och miljöteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-25779.
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Underground mining of the Kiirunavaara iron mineralization is causing large-scale deformation of the hangingwall of the orebody. To understand and possibly predict future deformation, a structural model of the hanging wall and a good understanding of the petrophysical and mechanical properties of the constituent rocks is necessary. This thesis presents results from the study of Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS), magneto-mineralogy, fracture frequency (F/m), rock quality (RQD), rock strength (Point Load) and P-wave velocity and anisotropy of the rocks from the hanging wall, as well as seismic reflection surveying and gravity modelling. The results are combined into a structural model of the hanging wall and further used for analysis of the correlation between petrophysical and rock mechanical parameters.In total, 76 samples from 12 outcrops and 295 samples from three drillcores in the hanging wall have been included in the AMS study. Axial and diametrical P-wave velocity was measured on 25 water-saturated samples and 156 samples were used for the Point Load tests. F/m and RQD data for the drillcores already existed. The drillcores are located along the eastern end of the seismic profiles and consist of both crystalline and sedimentary rocks.A high degree of magnetic anisotropy observed in the crystalline rocks indicates a low degree of metamorphism. AMS data also indicates the presence of a magnetic foliation in the rocks. The dip of the magnetic foliation plane (F) and the degree of magnetic anisotropy (Pj) measured in samples from outcrops was plotted as iso-maps and shows that both F and Pj decreases towards the east, which was confirmed by data from the drillcores. The decrease in both parameters is primarily a reflection of a change in rock type, but is also changing within the crystalline rock sequence.A good correlation (r > 0.6) between Pj, and F and RQD, and F and F/m was observed in one drillcore for both crystalline and sedimentary rocks; and between the shape parameter (T) and F/m in crystalline rock in another drillcore. This suggests the AMS parameter may be used as an indicator of rock mechanical properties. AMS data was also correlated to joint strike orientations and it was concluded that AMS can also be used to predict joint orientation.Two parallel reflection seismic profiles were shot within the town of Kiruna i order to locate deformation zones and lithological boundaries in the hangingwall. No deformation zones were found, but five seismic reflectors corresponding to five lithological boundaries were located, and their strike and dip calculated. The result of the seismic survey was used to constrain the gravity model, as was density measurements of 230 samples from the drillcores. The gravity model has a depth of three km, and indicates that the crystalline rock in the hanging wall can be separated into two parallel N-S trending blocks.Godkänd; 2011; 20111021 (maimos); DISPUTATION Ämnesområde: Tillämpad geofysik/Applied Geophysics Opponent: PhD Satu Mertanen, Geological Survey of Finland, Åbo Ordförande: Professor Sten-Åke Elming, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Luleå tekniska universitet Tid: Måndag den 19 december 2011, kl 10.00 Plats: F531, Luleå tekniska universitet
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Constantino, Renata Regina. "Utilização de dados gravimétricos derivados de altimetria por satélite e geofísica marinha no estudo de estruturas do embasamento na região da Bacia de Santos, SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/14/14132/tde-04062018-163733/.
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O embasamento oceânico representa a situação tectônica de uma determinada área e seu conhecimento é crucial em estudos que visam explorar o fundo marinho. Devido à alta taxa de sedimentação, principalmente em bacias oceânicas, a topografia do embasamento é mascarada e suas estruturas podem estar enterradas, inacessíveis à observação direta. Este trabalho visa estimar a profundidade do embasamento na região da Bacia de Santos a partir de uma análise combinada de dados gravimétricos obtidos a partir de altimetria por satélite e gravimetria marinha, dados batimétricos e modelo de espessura sedimentar de bancos de dados internacionais e dados de espessura crustal disponíveis na região. Na primeira etapa do trabalho foi calculado o efeito do pacote sedimentar no sinal gravimétrico na Bacia de Santos e a profundidade da Interface Crosta Manto (ICM) foi modelada a partir de inversão gravimétrica com vínculos. Na etapa seguinte, a confiabilidade dos modelos obtidos foi testada através de análise flexural. Os dados de profundidade da ICM flexural e gravimétrica se mostraram em concordância, sinalizando a adequação de seu uso na próxima etapa do trabalho. O efeito gravimétrico da ICM encontrada por análise flexural e o efeito gravimétrico dos sedimentos foram então calculados e subtraídos da anomalia Bouguer original. O campo residual assim obtido, que se admite representar as feições topográficas do embasamento, foi invertido na última etapa do trabalho, fornecendo informações que mostram um embasamento com feições topográficas de até 700m em certas regiões isoladas. Este embasamento gravimétrico pode, dentro de suas restrições, oferecer importantes subsídios para a elaboração de modelos genéticos e tectônicos de interesse exploratório na região.The ocean basement represents the tectonic situation of an specific area and their knowledge is crucial in studies aimed at exploring the seabed. Due to the high sedimentation rate, especially in ocean basins, the topography of the basement is masked and their structures can be buried, inaccessible to direct observation. This paper aims to estimate the depth of the basement in the region of the Santos Basin from a combined analysis of gravity data obtained from satellite altimetry and marine gravimetry, bathymetric data and sediment thickness from international data banks and crustal thickness data available in the region. In the first step of the work it was calculated the gravity effect of sediments in Santos Basin and the Crustal Mantle Interface (CMI) was modeled from constrained gravity inversion. In the next step, the reliability of the models obtained was tested by flexural analysis. The flexural and gravity CMI proved to be in agreement, indicating the appropriateness of its use in the next stage of work. The gravity effect of Flexural CMI and the gravity effect of sediments were then calculated and subtracted from the original Bouguer anomaly. The residual field thus obtained, which is assumed to represent the topographical features of the basement, was inverted in the last step of the work, providing information that show a basement with features of up to 700min some isolated regions. This gravimetric basement may, within its restrictions, offer important insights for the development of genetic and tectonic models off exploration interest in the region.
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Castro, Júnior Carlos Alberto Corrêa e. "Arcabouço gravimétrico brasileiro e o meio ambiente: possibilidades e perspectivas." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8460.
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Geodesy, one of the strands that compose the Geosciences, deals with the study of Earth’s gravity shape, dimensions and field, besides providing the reference infrastructure for social and economic development throughout the planet In Brazil, the geodetic infrastructure has been developed over time through the implementation of high precision planialtimetric and gravimetric networks. In recent years, Geodesy has relied on satellite technologies to provide fast, precise and accurate positioning that allows considering the movements and deformations of global lithospheric plates. This thesis refers to the synergy between the national geodetic infrastructure and some current environmental issues. Thus, besides exploring Geodesy minutiae, the first objective was to evaluate the hypothesis that, in the most developed regions of Brazil, the gravimetric network acts as a consolidated infrastructure for the implementation of other Engineering infrastructures; on the other hand, in regions that are less developed and difficult to access, gravimetric networks evolve as infrastructure demands arise. The evaluation of this hypothesis involved the analysis of Brazilian gravimetric network distribution and its spatial and statistical relation to the Human Development Index and the population distribution. The results confirmed that in Brazil there is an correlation between spatial coverage of the gravimetric network and the Human Development Index. In the North region there is a deficiency in gravimetric network coverage, explained by precarious socioeconomic development, access difficulties, and large tracts of protected land. The obtained results also demonstrated that the national geoidal model resultant from gravimetric network MAPGEO2015 serves 89.72% of Brazilian population. Another evaluated hypothesis is that due to the large proportion of Brazilian hydrographic regions and to the number of installed active stations of SIRGAS network in part of the national territory, the association between SIRGAS stations altimetric data and the amount of water stored underground, detected by GRACE satellite system, occurs precariously. The evaluation of this hypothesis involved the correlation between altitude variation data from SIRGAS active stations and GRACE satellite system data. The results confirmed that in some of Brazilian hydrographic regions a statistical correlation was found between the altimetric variation of SIRGAS network and GRACE data. The results suggest that densification of active stations network can provide a hydrological monitoring system of fundamental importance in extreme climatic events, such as those that produce water supply crises or floods. In this work, a new geoidal model for state of Goiás, MODGEO-GO, was also proposed, based on new in loco surveys that led to a densification of Goiás gravimetric network. MODGEO-GO can assist more effectively planning and implementing major infrastructure works necessary for Goiás development. Finally, the global interpolation model with local effect, called Thin Plate Spline, was evaluated with MAPGEO2105 data. The results showed great potential of this interpolator, which can be adopted in future modeling of geoidal surfaces in Brazil.
A Geodesia, uma das vertentes que compõe as Geociências, se ocupa do estudo da forma, dimensões e campo da gravidade terrestre, além de oferecer a infraestrutura de referência ao desenvolvimento social e econômico em todo o planeta. No Brasil, a infraestrutura geodésica vem se desenvolvendo ao longo do tempo por meio da implantação de redes, planialtimétricas e gravimétricas, de alta precisão. Nos últimos anos a Geodesia conta com as tecnologias satelitárias para propiciar posicionamentos rápidos, precisos e acurados, que permitem considerar os movimentos e deformações das placas litosféricas globais. Esta tese trata da sinergia entre a infraestrutura geodésica nacional e algumas questões ambientais da atualidade. Assim, além de esmiuçar detalhes da Geodésia, teve como primeiro objetivo avaliar a hipótese de que, nas regiões mais desenvolvidas do Brasil, a rede gravimétrica atua como infraestrutura consolidada para a implementação de outras infraestruturas de Engenharia; em contrapartida, nas regiões menos desenvolvidas e de difícil acesso, as redes gravimétricas evoluem conforme as demandas por infraestrutura surgem. A avaliação dessa hipótese envolveu a análise da distribuição da rede gravimétrica brasileira e sua relação espacial e estatística com o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano e a distribuição da população. Os resultados obtidos confirmaram que, no Brasil, há uma correlação entre a cobertura espacial da rede gravimétrica e o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano. Na região Norte há uma deficiência na cobertura da rede gravimétrica, explicada pelo desenvolvimento socioeconômico precário, dificuldades de acesso, e por grandes extensões de terras protegidas. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram, ainda, que o modelo geoidal nacional resultante da rede gravimétrica, MAPGEO2015, atende a 89,72% da população brasileira. Outra hipótese avaliada é a de que, devido às grandes dimensões das regiões hidrográficas brasileiras e à quantidade de estações ativas da rede SIRGAS implantadas em parte do território nacional, a associação entre dados altimétricos das estações SIRGAS com a quantidade de água armazenada no subsolo, detectada pelo sistema de satélites GRACE, ocorrem de maneira precária. A avaliação dessa hipótese envolveu a correlação entre dados de variação de altitudes das estações ativas da rede SIRGAS e dados oriundos do sistema de satélites GRACE. Os resultados confirmaram que, em algumas das regiões hidrográficas brasileiras, foi encontrada uma correlação estatística entre a variação altimétrica da rede SIRGAS e os dados GRACE. Os resultados sugerem que o adensamento da rede de estações ativas pode resultar na configuração de um sistema de monitoramento hidrológico, de fundamental importância nos eventos climáticos extremos, como os que produzem crises de abastecimento hídrico ou alagamentos e inundações. Na tese também foi proposto um novo modelo geoidal para o estado de Goiás, o MODGEO-GO, elaborado a partir de novos levantamentos em campo que propiciaram um adensamento da rede gravimétrica do estado de Goiás. O MODGEO-GO poderá contribuir, com maior eficácia, para o planejamento e implantação de grandes obras de infraestrutura necessárias para o desenvolvimento goiano. Finalmente, foi realizada a avaliação do modelo de interpolação global, com efeito local, denominado Thin Plate Spline, utilizando-se dados do MAPGEO2105. Os resultados mostraram o grande potencial desse interpolador, que pode ser adotado em futuras modelagens de superfícies geoidais no Brasil.
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Yehuwalashet, Ezra. "Gravity and Magnetic Survey, Modelling and Interpretation in the Blötberget Iron-Oxide Mining Area, Bergslagen, Sweden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Geofysik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-305964.
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The Blötberget mining area, the focus of this MSc project, is located about 230 km northwest ofStockholm and 12 km southwest of the city of Ludvika (central Sweden). The mining area has beenknown since 1600 for its various types of mineralization particularly iron-oxide deposits (magnetite andhematite) with the mining commenced in 1944. Previous geoscientific research in the area providesdetailed information about lithological variations and structure of the bedrock near the surface.However, knowledge of the depth extent of the mineral deposits and their host rocks is limited. To shedlights on these issues and support deep mineral exploration potential in the study area, within the recentlylaunched StartGeoDelineation project, new ground gravity data, 180 data points on average 150 m apart,were collected during two field campaigns in 2015 and 2016. Aeromagnetic data were obtained fromthe Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU) to complement the ground gravity measurement interpretationsand modelling. After a careful inspection of the field gravity data, they were reduced to completeBouguer anomaly with a maximum error estimate of about 0.6 mGal due to uncertainty in theinstrumental drift, slab density, geodetic surveying, diurnal variations and terrain (or topography)correction. The Bouguer gravity data after separation of regional field (second order polynomial at theend was used) were used (~ 8 mGal range) for interpretation and 3D inverse modelling. Clear anomalouszones are noticeable in the gravity data particularly due to mineralization and a major boundaryseparating a gravity low from gravity high in the southern part of the study area likely representing afault boundary separating two different lithological units. In my study, both forward and inversemodelling using rudimentary objects/shapes and voxel-type (mesh) approach were carried out. Effect ofinitial and reference models were tested on both gravity and magnetic datasets. While the constrainedmodels have still significant ambiguity, they help to suggest structural control on the location ofmineralization and may allow estimating an excess tonnage due to the presence of mineralization in thestudy area. Due to access limitations (e.g., unable to measure on the water-filled pit) the gravity modelis sensitive to the measuring positions and constraints using known shape of mineralization was not atthe end successful to overcome this. Collecting more gravity data on the target area and repeated test of3D inversion by adjusting the inversion parameters might help to improve the final result.Gruvområdet Blötberget som denna MSc avhandling är fokuserat kring ligger 230 km från Stockholm,12 km från Ludvika, i Bergslagen. Mineralförekomster, framförallt järnmalm (magnetit och hematit)har varit kända i området sedan 1600-talet, och storskalig brytning inleddes år 1944. Tidigare geologiskaundersökningar i området har gett detaljerad information om fyndighetens ytnära litologi och struktur.Hur långt ner förekomsten och moderbergarten sträcker sig har dock varit okänt. Som del av detnystartade projektet StartGeoDelineation utfördes marknära gravimetrimätningar. Totalt 180 mätpunkter,med ett medelavstånd av 150 m, samlades in under två fältkampanjer under 2015 och 2016.Vid modellering komplementades gravimetridata med magnetometridata, insamlad under flygmätningarutförda av Sveriges geologiska undersökningar (SGU). Efter noggrann bearbetning av gravimetridatatogs den kompletta bougeranomalin fram. Det uppskattade felet är ca 0.6 mGal och är till följd avosäkerhet i korrigeringar för drift hos instrument, dygnsvariation, geodesi och topografi. Efter korrigeringav regional trend (uppskattad från 2:a ordningens pylonom, och med satt skala av 8 mGal somresultat) gjordes en 3D modell, via inversionsalgoritmer, samt en tolkning. Det står klart av framförallti gravimetridatan att det finns två avvikande zoner. Dessa indikerar mineraliseringen och en gräns i densödra delen av undersökningsområdet med gravimetridata i låg respektive höga värde. Detta återspeglartroligtvis också en förkastningszon mellan två lithologiska enheter. I denna studie har enkla geometriskaformer och voxlar (mesh) använts för bådadera forward modellering och inversionsalgoritmer. Deursprungliga och referensmodellerna testades på både dataset för gravitmetri och magnetometri. Trotsatt modellerna fortfarande visar tvetydiga resultat så kan de ändå användas för att ge förslag på struktureroch läge för mineraliseringen, och skall även kunna användas för att uppskatta tonnage. Det sistnämndakunde dock inte uppnås då punktäthet i mätdatan, till följd av att det numera vattenfyllda dagbrottet intekunde inkluderas i mätområdet, och att formen av mineraliseringen inte kunde avgränsar på etttillfredsställande sätt. För en förbättring av resultaten bör fler mätpunkter till gravimetridata samlas in iområdet så att 3D-modelleringen kan förbättras genom upprepade justeringar av inversionsparametrarna
StartGeoDelineation
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Freier, Christian. "Atom interferometry at geodetic observatories." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17795.
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Das gravimetrische Atominterferometer (GAIN) ist ein transportables Atominterferometer welches spezifisch für hochpräzise Schweremessungen in der Geodäsie und Geophysik entwickelt wurde. Es basiert auf einer Rubidium Atomfontäne, stimulierten Ramanübergängen und einer 3-Puls Mach-Zehnder Interferometriesequenz. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Optimierung und Anwendung von GAIN als transportables Gravimeter für Absolutschweremessungen an geodätischen Observatorien welche über den aktuellen Stand der Technik hinaus gehen. Dabei wurden eine Absolutgenauigkiet von 29 nm/s^2, eine Langzeitstabilität von 0.4 nm/s^2 sowie eine Sensitivität von 82 nm/s^2 in einer Sekunde erreicht. Die gemessene Genauigkeit und Langzeitstabilität stellen, nach dem Wissen des Authors, die bis heute besten publizierten Werte für ein transportablen Atominterferometer dar und repräsentieren einen bedeutenden Fortschritt im Bereich der Gravimetrie. Um dies zu erreichen wurden umfangreiche Verbesserungen am Gerät umgesetzt und eine ausführliche Analyse der systematischen Messabweichungen durchgeführt. Unter anderem wurden ein System zur Kompensation von Corioliskräften und Ausrichtungsfehlern, ein verbessertes Schwingungsisolationssystem zur nachträglichen Korrektur von Umgebungsvibrationen und eine magnetische Abschirmung instrumenteller Streufelder implementiert. Darüber hinaus wurden insgesamt vier Messkampagnen in Berlin, sowie an den geodätischen Observatorien in Wettzell, Deutschland und Onsala, Schweden durchgeführt, um GAIN mit anderen hochmodernen Absolut- und Relativgravimetern zu vergleichen. Der direkte Vergleich zwischen GAIN und anderen Gravimetern stellt den prinzipbedingten Vorteil der Atominterferometrie durch die Kombination aus Absolutgenauigkeit, Stabilität und Langzeitbetrieb klar hervor. Dies wurde in der Arbeit durch die um einen Faktor 2-5 verbesserte Kalibrierung des Skalenfaktor von zwei supraleitenden Gravimetern demonstriert.The gravimetric atom interferometer (GAIN) is a transportable setup which was specifically designed to perform high-precision gravity measurements at sites of interest for geodesy or geophysics. It is based on a Rb atomic fountain, stimulated Raman transitions and a three-pulse Mach-Zehnder atom interferometry sequence. The presented work is concerned with the optimization and application of GAIN as a transportable gravimeter in order to perform gravity measurements beyond the state-of-the-art. An absolute accuracy of 29 nm/s^2, long-term stability of 0.4 nm/s^2 and short-term noise level as low as 82 nm/s^2 in one second was achieved. The obtained long-term stability and accuracy values are, to the knowledge of the author, the best published performance of any transportable atom interferometer to date and represent a significant advancement in the field of gravimetry. A comprehensive analysis of the systematic error budget was performed to improve the accuracy and stability of the measured gravity value. Several setup improvements were implemented to this end, including Coriolis force and alignment control systems, an improved vibration isolator with post-correction and magnetic shielding which reduces spurious coupling due to stray fields. Measurement campaigns were conducted in Berlin and at geodetic observatories in Wettzell, Germany, and Onsala, Sweden, in order to compare GAIN to other state-of-the-art absolute and relative gravimeters. The direct comparison of GAIN to other absolute and relative gravimeters shows the general advantage of atom interferometers due to their unique combination of absolute accuracy, stability and robust architecture enabling continuous measurements. This was demonstrated during the presented campaigns by the improvement of the scale factor calibration of two superconducting gravimeters by a factor 2 to 5 using GAIN data.
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Bergamaschi, Jonathan Melo. "Ataque acido a argamassa de cimento comum e com escoria : um estudo cinetico e gravimetrico de degradação." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/250454.
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Orientador: Ines JoekesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Resumo: Este trabalho descreve o comportamento degradativo de ataque ácido em argamassas preparadas com dois tipos de cimento com escória (compostos) e um sem escória (comum) analisado via gravimetria e pela velocidade de ataque. Os fatores como período de cura, concentração do ácido e tipo (ácido clorídrico, HCl, sulfúrico, H2SO4, e ácido acético, HAc) foram controlados. Nos ensaios de ataque ácido analisados por gravimetria, o ácido sulfúrico se comportou o mais agressivo em todos os tipos de cimento estudados. Porém em ensaios com corpos de prova de CP-III, nas primeiras semanas de imersão neste ácido, houve um aumento de massa. Após esse período a perda de massa foi intensa, devido o agravante do ataque por íons sulfatos. A velocidade de degradação da argamassa é influenciada fortemente pela natureza do ácido. O ácido orgânico é o consumido mais rapidamente. Contudo, para argamassa de cimento composto, a velocidade de consumo de ácido é menor em baixa concentração. HCl ataca mais rapidamente argamassa curada por 28 dias do que H2SO4 em concentração 0,010 mol L. O efeito do tempo de cura mostra diferença de velocidade ao ataque ácido entre HCl e H2SO4; com corpos de prova curados por 7 dias, HCl é mais rapidamente consumido, mas em corpos de prova curados por 91 dias, H2SO4 é consumido mais rápido. A análise de imagens superficiais dos corpos de prova em ensaios utilizando soluções de mesmo pH confirma a proporcionalidade direta entre a força do ácido e a agressividade. Diferente comportamento é também observado para argamassa preparada com diferentes cimentos. Para períodos curtos de cura, cimento composto apresenta baixa velocidade de ataque. No entanto, quando imersos em ácido acético, argamassa de cimento tipo CP-V apresenta baixa velocidade de ataque em períodos longos de cura, quando comparado com cimento com escória. Estes resultados mostram que muitos fatores estudados influenciam na velocidade do ataque ácido e estes restringem as generalizações sobre a resistência dos cimentos.
Abstract: This work describes the degradative behaves of acid attack in mortars prepared with two slag containing cements and one without slag analyzed by gravimetria and kinetic. Conditioning factors as curing period, acid concentration and type (hydrochloric acid, HCl, sulfuric acid, H2SO4, and acetic acid, HAc) were controlled. In experiments of acid attack analyzed by gravimetria, sulfuric acid behaved the most aggressive in all studied types of cement. However in experiments with CP-III specimens, in the first weeks of immersion in sulfuric acid, it had a mass increase. After this period, the loss of mass was intense, due the aggravating of the attack for sulfate. The nature of the acid influences strongly mortar degradation rates. The organic acid is the quickest consumed. However, for slag-mortars, the rate of acid consumption is lower in less concentrated solutions. HCl attacks faster all 28-days cured mortars than H2SO4 in 0.10 mol L solutions. The effect of curing time shows differences among HCl and H2SO4 attack rate; with 7-day cured specimens, HCl is more rapidly consumed, but with 91-day cured specimens, H2SO4 is the fastest consumed. The analysis of superficial images of specimens in experiments using same pH solutions confirms the direct proportionality between the force of acid and its aggressiveness. Different behavior is also observed for mortars prepared with different cements. For short curing times, slag-cement mortars show lower rate of attack. However, when immersed in acetic acid (HAc), type III cement mortars show lower rates of attack at longer curing times, when compared to slag-cement mortars. These results show that every factor studied influenced the rate of acid attack and this restrains cement resistance generalizations.
Mestrado
Físico-Química
Mestre em Química
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Aquino, Robson dos Santos. "Levantamento gravimétrico do litoral médio do estado do Rio Grande do Sul: parte central emersa da bacia de Pelotas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/164322.
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A origem e evolução da Bacia de Pelotas está diretamente relacionada com os processos tectônicos, que por sua vez, condicionam vários processos sedimentares. Assim, o estudo da compartimentação morfoestrutural é extremamente importante no seu entendimento evolutivo. O objetivo principal foi o levantamento gravimétrico terrestre da área de estudo, seu processamento e interpretação para posterior identificação de suas principais estruturas, assim como investigar a configuração morfoestrutural da porção central da Planície Costeira do Rio Grande do Sul. O método do potencial gravimétrico (gravimetria) é amplamente usado na prospecção mineral, análise de bacias, e mapeamentos geológicos por causa do seu baixo custo e rapidez nos resultados e fornecem informação quanto a geologia e a delimitação de estruturas e descontinuidades geológicas, além de fornecer importantes informações a respeito do embasamento subjacente no caso de bacias sedimentares. A área de estudo escolhida para a aplicação da metodologia proposta compreende a parte emersa da Bacia de Pelotas, na região central da Planície Costeira do Rio Grande do Sul, aproximadamente entre as latitudes 30° e 32°10’S e as longitudes 50°40’ e 52°40’W; situa-se em uma área que abrange os municípios costeiros do litoral médio do Rio Grande do Sul entre os municípios de São José do Norte e Palmares do Sul. O principal resultado gerado foi mapas de anomalia Bouguer e seus derivados identificando quatro setores de anomalias distintas, evidenciados por altos e baixos gravimétricos e sua possível correlação com as feições estruturais do embasamento geradas ou reativadas por rifteamento proveniente da origem da Bacia de Pelotas. Futuramente, outros métodos geofísicos podem ser utilizados e integrados para contribuir com o modelo proposto neste estudo.The origin and evolution of the Pelotas Basin is directly related to tectonic processes, which in turn affect various sedimentary processes. Thus, the study of morphostructural compartments is extremely important in its evolution understanding. The main objective was the terrestrial gravimetric survey of the study area, its processing and interpretation for later identification of its main structures, as well as to investigate the morphostructural configuration of the middle portion of coastal plain Rio Grande do Sul. The method of gravity potential (gravity), is widely used in mineral prospecting, basin analysis, and geological mapping because of its low cost and speed of results and provide information about geology and delineation of structures and geological discontinuities, and provide essential information about the underlying basis in the case of sedimentary basins. The study area chosen for the implementation of the proposed methodology comprises the emerged part of the Pelotas Basin, in central Rio Grande do Sul coastal province, between latitudes 30° and 32°10'S and longitudes 50°4' and 52°40'W, in an area covering the coastal municipalities of the middle coast of Rio Grande do Sul State between the cities of São José do Norte and Palmares do Sul. The main results generated were Bouguer anomaly maps and derivatives by identifying four sectors of distinct anomalies highlighted by high and low gravity and its possible correlation with the structural features of the basement generated or reactivated by rifting related to Pelotas Basin origin. In the future, other geophysical methods can be used and integrated to contribute to the model suggested in this study.
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Cavalheiro, Mara Lia Dias. "Levantamento gravimétrico na Jazida Carbonífera Morungava-Chico Lomã, RS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/150209.
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A presente dissertação foi desenvolvida conforme a norma 103 do Programa de Pós Graduação em Geociências da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, que prevê a submissão da dissertação de mestrado em forma de artigo, antecedido de estado da arte do tema proposto. Na região sudeste da Bacia do Paraná estão localizados depósitos de carvão economicamente importantes nos estados do Paraná, Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul. Esses depósitos são frequentemente muito alterados por intrusões vulcânicas. O objetivo principal desse estudo é mapear essas intrusões ígneas que afetam o nível de alteração térmica do carvão (rank) da Jazida carbonífera Morungava-Chico Lomã no RS. A Jazida Morungava-Chico Lomã foi descoberta no século passado e nunca foi minerada. É caracterizada por rochas orgânicas do Permiano, carvão e folhelho betuminoso, na porção sul da Bacia do Paraná. A aquisição gravimétrica foi realizada na área do depósito Morungava e na área do depósito Chico-Lomã. Para ambas a escolha dos locais de aquisição foi baseada em furos de sondagem anteriormente realizados. Com os dados dos furos de sondagem foram elaborados seguintes mapas temáticos: profundidade da primeira ocorrência de carvão; espessura cumulativa do carvão; profundidade da primeira ocorrência de diabásio; espessura cumulativa do diabásio; espessura cumulativa do diabásio na Formação Irati e espessura cumulativa do diabásio na Formação Rio Bonito. Na elaboração do artigo submetido foi realizada a sobreposição das isolinhas das espessuras cumulativa do carvão e do diabásio nos mapas de anomalia Bouguer filtrados. Essas sobreposições apresentaram correlações e auxiliaram na interpretação dos dados gravimétricos. A orientação preferencial predominante das anomalias foi NE-SW e uma orientação subsidiária de direção NW-SE, o que sugeriu um controle estrutural sobre a ocorrência de diques e/ou soleiras, sob os altos gravimétricos. Em Chico Lomã a ocorrência de uma extensa anomalia Bouguer positiva formando um trend de orientação NE-SW foi correlacionada a unidades geológicas da Planície Costeira do Rio Grande do Sul: altos gravimétricos caracterizaram a Barreira I e baixos gravimétricos, os Sistemas Lagunares I e II. O método gravimétrico se mostrou eficaz para a caracterização da jazida por meio da correlação de anomalias gravimétricas positivas com as ocorrências de diabásio.The present dissertation was developed according to standard 103 of the Graduate Program in Geosciences of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, which provides for the submission of the dissertation in the form of article, predates by state of the art proposed theme. In the southeastern region of the Paraná Basin are located economically important coal deposits in the states of Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. These deposits are often much altered by volcanic intrusions. The objective of this study is to map the igneous intrusions affecting the thermal change of level of coal (rank) of the coal deposit Morungava-Chico Lomã in RS. The coal deposit Morungava-Chico Lomã was discovered in the last century and has never been mining. It is characterized by organic rocks of the Permian, coal and bituminous shale, in the southern portion of the Paraná Basin. The gravimetric acquisition was carried in área of the deposit Morungava and in the area of the deposit Chico-Lomã. For both areas the choice of acquisition locations was based on previously conducted drilling holes. With data from the holes drilling were prepared these thematic maps: depth of the first occurrence of coal; cumulative thickness of coal; depth of the first occurrence of diabase; cumulative thickness of diabase; cumulative thickness of diabase in Irati Formation and cumulative thickness of the diabase in Rio Bonito Formation. In the elaboration of article submitted the overriding of the isolines of cumulative thickness of coal and diabase in the filtered Bouguer anomaly maps was performed. These overrides presented correlations and assisted in the interpretation of gravity data. The predominant preferential orientation of the anomalies was NE-SW and a subsidiary orientation NW-SE direction, suggesting a structural control on the occurrence of dikes and/or sills, on gravimetric high. In Chico Lomã the occurrence of an extensive positive Bouguer anomaly forming a trend of NE-SW orientation was correlated with geological units of Rio Grande do Sul Coastal Plain: gravimetric characterized the high Barrier I and low gravimetric, Systems Lagunar I and II. The gravimetric method proved efficient for the characterization of the deposit through the correlation of positive gravity anomalies with occurrences of diabase.
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Soares, Rogério Dutra. "Modelagem 2D de dados gravimétricos do Rifte Guaritas como contribuição ao conhecimento da evolução tectônica da Bacia do Camaquã." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/36047.
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Este trabalho visa contribuir ao estudo geotectônico relacionado à Bacia do Camaquã, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, a partir de dados gravimétricos provenientes do Rifte Guaritas. Com este intuito, foram propostos três modelos de um perfil que corta perpendicularmente o trend do Rifte Guaritas e suas unidades. O mapa Bouguer residual, com valores entre –36 e 29 mGal, permitiu de maneira geral, delimitar áreas que possuem diferentes profundidades de embasamento. Os altos valores de gravidade podem indicar porções onde o topo do embasamento possui baixas profundidades ou rochas de maior densidade, enquanto que baixos valores podem estar associados a grandes profundidades ou rochas de densidade inferior. Com base nos dados de gravimetria, de caráter local à regional, foi possível estabelecer e, em algumas situações, estimar, o comportamento do embasamento ao longo deste perfil. Convêm ressaltar que cada modelo proposto contou com valores diferenciados de densidades de rocha, o que resultou em pequenas diferenças, tais como estruturais e variações de profundidade do embasamento. Porém, de modo geral, os três modelos se comportam de maneira muito semelhante. Cada um dos modelos propostos pode ser separado em cinco diferentes compartimentações que refletem as variações gravimétricas ao longo do perfil. De acordo com os modelos propostos neste trabalho a profundidade máxima do embasamento está localizada na porção oeste do Rifte Guaritas, chegando próxima dos seis quilômetros e a porção leste possui uma extensa estrutura deposicional.This dissertation aims to contribute to geotectonic study related to Camaqua Basin, from gravimetric data of the Guaritas Rift. For this was proposed three models of one perpendicular profile which cross the trend of the Guaritas Rift. The residual Bouguer map, with values between -36 to 29 mGal, let, in general, to delimit areas with different depth of basement. The values of gravity may show areas where the top of the basement has low depths or rocks of major density while low values could be associated to great depth or rocks of minor density. Based on the gravimetric data of regional and local character, was possible to establish or at least estimate the variations of the depth basement along to this profile. It was proposed three models and each one of them used different combinations of rock densities, what resulted in few minor differences as structural differences and few minor variations of depth of the basement. However, in a general way, the three models behaved similarly. Each one of the models proposed could be fragmented in five different compartments which reflect the gravimetric variations across the profile. According to the models proposed in this paper, the maximum depth of the basement is located at the West portion of Rift Guaritas, almost six kilometers, and the East portion has an extensive depositional structure.
Books on the topic "Gravimetri"
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Freeden, Willi, and Mathias Bauer. Dekorrelative Gravimetrie. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61908-7.
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Floberghagen, Rune. Lunar Gravimetry. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9552-7.
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Robbins, S. L. Borehole gravimetry reviews. Washington, DC: Dept. of the Interior, 1989.
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Robbins, S. L. Borehole gravimetry reviews. [Reston, Va.?]: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1989.
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Freeden, Willi. Decorrelative Mollifier Gravimetry. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69909-3.
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Voutsas, Alexander M. Lunar gravimeter. Beverly Hills, Calif. (9100 Wilshire Blvd., Beverly Hills 90212): Century University, 1986.
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Asch, Günter. Die Registrierung langperiodischer Signale mit geophysikalischen Sensoren hoher Dynamik. Berlin: D. Reimer, 1988.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Gravimetri"
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Korobiichuk, Igor, Olena Bezvesilna, Andrii Tkachuk, Michał Nowicki, and Roman Szewczyk. "Piezoelectric Gravimeter of the Aviation Gravimetric System." In Challenges in Automation, Robotics and Measurement Techniques, 753–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29357-8_65.
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Meurers, Bruno. "Problems of Gravimeter Calibration in High Precision Gravimetry." In International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 19–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79721-7_3.
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Bezvesilna, Olena, and Marcin Kamiński. "Gravimeters of Aviation Gravimetric System: Classification, Comparative Analysis, Prospects." In Automation 2017, 496–504. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54042-9_48.
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Wittenberger, Walter. "Gravimetrie." In Rechnen in der Chemie, 163–70. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-4093-2_5.
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Wittenberger, Walter. "Gravimetrie." In Rechnen in der Chemie, 163–70. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-4095-6_5.
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Wittenberger, Walter. "Gravimetrie." In Rechnen in der Chemie, 163–70. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-3805-2_5.
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Clauser, Christoph. "Gravimetrie." In Grundlagen der angewandten Geophysik - Seismik, Gravimetrie, 233–321. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55310-7_3.
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Ritgen, Ulf. "Gravimetrie." In Analytische Chemie I, 105–8. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60495-3_9.
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Arndt, T. "Gravimetrie." In Springer Reference Medizin, 1028. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48986-4_1336.
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Arndt, T. "Gravimetrie." In Lexikon der Medizinischen Laboratoriumsdiagnostik, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49054-9_1336-1.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Gravimetri"
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Einorytė, Simona, and Romuald Obuchovski. "Kvarcinių automatinių gravimetrų matavimo savybių tyrimas." In Conference for Junior Researchers „Science – Future of Lithuania“. VGTU Technika, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/geo.2019.004.
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Atlikti penkių kvarcinių automatinių gravimetrų Scintrex CG-5 matavimo savybių tyrimai. Detaliai ištirtas gra-vimetrų gulsčiukų jautrumas posvyriui X ir Y ašimis. Tyrimais nustatyta, į kurią ašį gulsčiukas yra daugiau ar mažiau jautrus posvyriui. Išnagrinėtas 2016–2018 metų laikotarpio skirtingu periodu tikrintų gravimetrų gulsčiuko posvyrio ir jautrumo į X bei Y ašis atskaitų kitimas. Ištirtas gravimetrų gulsčiuko kompensatoriaus veikimo diapazonas. Remiantis gravimetrinės kalibravimo bazės matavimų duomenimis, nustatyti gravimetrų kalibravimo koeficientai ir jų pokytis 2007–2018 m. Atlikti gravimetro laboratorinės ir darbinės nulio slinkties tyrimai.
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Agersborg, Remy, Lars T. Hille, Martha Lien, John Even Lindgård, Hugo Ruiz, and Martin Vatshelle. "Mapping water influx and hydrocarbon depletion in offshore reservoirs using gravimetry: Requirements on gravimeter calibration." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2017. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/segam2017-17431756.1.
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Guo, Meiying, Kang Wu, Jiamin Yao, Jin Qian, and Lijun Wang. "A Vertical Seismometer With Build-in Retroreflector for Absolute Gravimetry." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86136.
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A free-fall absolute gravimeter uses a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to track the free-falling object. Theoretically, it needs an inertial reference point, which is a reference retroreflector keeping static in inertial frame for an accurate absolute gravimetry. Practically, the reference retroreflector is always disturbed by the ground vibration. Traditionally, a vibration correction method with a broadband seismometer is used to reduce the effect of the ground vibration. The transfer function between the reference retroreflector and the seismometer is hypothesized as a proportional element with time delay. The difference between the hypothesized and the real transfer function limits the effect of the vibration correction. On this basis, a modified method, replacing the sensitive element of a seismometer with the reference retroreflector, is proposed. The motion of the reference retroreflector is measured directly by differential parallel plate capacitance detection. A closed-loop control circuit produces feedback voltage to make the reference retroreflector track the ground vibration. The feedback voltage represents the reference retroreflector’s motion directly. Experiments show the capacitance detecting circuit detects the displacement of the reference retroreflector relative to the ground with a resolution of 0.6 nm at 500 Hz. The acceleration resolution of the homemade vertical seismometer is about 10 mGal. The sensitivity of the seismometer is 316 V/g. The damp ratio of the homemade seismometer is little, and the natural frequency of the homemade seismometer is 104 Hz by analyzing the step response of the system. The bandwidth of the system is around 175 Hz. In the future, the homemade seismometer will be applied in absolute gravimeters for hostile measurement.
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Li, Zhenxing, Kang Wu, Yi Wen, Jiamin Yao, Meiying Guo, and Lijun Wang. "Self-Vibration Analysis of the Free-Fall Absolute Gravimeter." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10836.
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Abstract The ballistic free-fall absolute gravimeters are widely used in acquiring information of gravity field and the self-vibration of the absolute gravimeter is crucial for high precision gravitational measurement. The self-vibration of the T-1 absolute gravimeter has a multi-directional full-band excitation. The resulted horizontal swing has the major impact, since the T-1 absolute gravimeter is simplified as a cantilever beam. A laser vibrometer was applied to directly measure the mechanical self-vibration. The frequency of self-vibration has a nonlinear effect on the measurement error of g, and the peak frequencies should be avoided. The vibration signal was analyzed in time and frequency domain by continuous wavelet transform (CWT). The close frequency profiles were measured in the scalogram and the beat vibrations were observed in time domain as the results of the horizontal swing. The 38 Hz self-vibration had the dominating effect on the measurement error of g for T-1 absolute gravimeter. After optimizing the structure of the tripod, the dominating frequency increased from 38 Hz to 42 Hz. A 11% increase of the vibration frequency can reduce the measurement error of g.
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Wen, Yi, Kang Wu, Zhenxing Li, Jiamin Yao, Meiying Guo, and Lijun Wang. "Vibration Correction With Kalman Filtering Based Data Fusion for Absolute Gravimeters." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11008.
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Abstract Free-fall absolute gravimeters are important classical high precision absolute gravimeters in many branches of scientific research. But its performance is always troubled by the ground vibration. Vibration correction method is used to correct the result by detecting the ground vibration with sensors. A Kalman filter based fusion method is proposed to obtain more accurate ground vibration signal by fusing the outputs of the seismometer and the accelerometer. Experiment is conducted with the homemade T-1 absolute gravimeter, the standard deviation of the corrected results using seismometer data and fused data are 586.32 μGal (1 μGal = 10−8 m/s2) and 508.59 μGal respectively, much better than the uncorrected result’s 6548.96 μGal. The results prove the superiority of fused data over data measured from single sensor. It is believed that the application scene of the vibration correction will be broadened and the performance of the vibration correction will also be improved by using the proposed fusion method in the future.
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Etienne Ferraz, André. "ANALISE COMPARATIVA ENTRE GRAVIMETRIA MARiTIMA DE BORDO E GRAVIMETRIA DE FUNDO." In 1st International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.317.sbgf076.
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Wang, Qiyu, Lishuang Mou, Jinyang Feng, Chunjian Li, Duowu Su, and Shuqing Wu. "Investigation on gPhone gravimeter-119 for gravity variations observation during the 10th International Comparison of Absolute Gravimeters (ICAG-2017)." In 10th International Symposium on Precision Engineering Measurements and Instrumentation (ISPEMI 2018), edited by Jiubin Tan and Jie Lin. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2512020.
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Ander, Mark E., and David A. Chapin. "Borehole gravimetry: A review." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1997. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1885954.
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Wang, Guan, Hua Hu, Kang Wu, and Lijun Wang. "A Vibration Compensation Method for Absolute Gravimeters." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66719.
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The laser interferometer is used to track the falling object in a freefall absolute gravimeter, which could be disturbed by the vibration from the ground. Thus, the vibration compensation method is often used to reduce the influence of the vibration. Typically, a sensor (broadband seismometer) is used to record the vibration. But the measured ‘vibration’ Nm(t) does not equal the motion of the reference corner cube N(t). Because there exists a transfer function G(s) making Nm(s) = G(s)N(s). Traditionally, G(s) is assumed to be equal to the transfer function of the sensor, which can be achieved with the help of other equipment. But the assumption is not reasonable and the process of calculating the transfer function is complicated. A novel vibration compensation method without any other equipment is proposed in this paper. In this method, G(s) is simplified to estimate N(t) using N′(t) = ANm(t − τ), which is used for compensation. The gain A and delay τ can be obtained by analysis of the data acquired by the absolute gravimeter. The experiments are conducted with the homemade absolute gravimeter T-1 and repeated for 75 times. The standard deviation of the uncompensated results is 3276 μGal (1 μGal = 1 × 10−8 m/s2), while that of the compensated results is 167 μGal. The compensation method not only achieves a reduction by nearly a factor of 20, but also can be simply used without any other equipment. The results indicate that the method basically meets the demands of absolute gravimeters. In the future, it may be applied to dynamic absolute gravity measurement and take the place of vibration isolators.
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Klingele, E., M. Halliday, and M. Cocard. "Airborne Gravimetric Survey of Switzerland." In 4th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.313.70.
Full textReports on the topic "Gravimetri"
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Nagy, D. Gravimetric geoid map of Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/127248.
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Isakov, Victor, Shingyu Leung, and Jianliang Qian. A Fast Local Level Set Method for Inverse Gravimetry. Cogeo@oeaw-giscience, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5242/iamg.2011.0066.
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Peters, Mary E., John M. Brozena, and Robert T. Liang. An Analysis of Airship Acceleration Dynamics for Airborne Gravimetry. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada420006.
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Lawrence, L. A. Strategy for thermo-gravimetric analysis of K East fuel samples. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/362460.
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Sopok, Samuel. Determination of Sulfuric Acid in Chromium Plating Solutions Using Gravimetric Analysis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada419951.
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Cramer, E. R. Thermal analysis of thermo-gravimetric measurements of spent nuclear fuel oxidation rates. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/353245.
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Jekeli, Christopher. Algorithms and Preliminary Experiences With the LN93 and LN100 for Airborne Vector Gravimetry. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada403482.
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Uotila, Urho A. Theoretical Studies on Determinations, Predictions and Accuracies of Geodetic Parameters and Gravimetric Quantities. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada170846.
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Bower, D. R. Figures to accompany comments on the Canadian superconducting gravimeter installation. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/315292.
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Bower, D. R. Comparison of the performance of GWR12 with other superconducting gravimeters. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/315311.
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