Relevant bibliographies by topics / GRAWIS

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'GRAWIS'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "GRAWIS"

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Okada, Satoshi, Eizo Saito, Takehiko Ogawa, Kiyomi Sadamoto, and Masao Kinoshita. "Grades of Exophthalmos and Thyrotropin-Binding Inhibitory Immunoglobulin in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis." European Neurology 35, no. 2 (1995): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000117101.

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Vroom, Marike, and Bert Bukman. "Gratis of niet gratis?" Management Kinderopvang 27, no. 2 (April 2021): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41190-021-0913-9.

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Keiter, Mary Beth. "Myasthenia gravis." Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine 81, no. 3 (March 2014): 144–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.81c.03003.

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Avilla, Cynthia W. "Myasthenia Gravis." American Orthoptic Journal 55, no. 1 (January 2005): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/aoj.55.1.10.

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Voháňka, Stanislav, and editor hlavního tématu. "Myastenie gravis." Neurologie pro praxi 18, no. 5 (November 1, 2017): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.36290/neu.2017.024.

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Nishitani, Hiroshi, and Mitsuhiro Ota. "Myasthenia Gravis." Japanese Journal of Clinical Immunology 10, no. 2 (1987): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2177/jsci.10.113.

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Aarli, Johan A., Nils Erik Gilhus, Robert P. Lisak, Renato Mantegazza, and Shigeaki Suzuki. "Myasthenia Gravis." Autoimmune Diseases 2011 (2011): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/697575.

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Jabbehdari, Sayena. "Myasthenia gravis." Annals of Eye Science 3 (2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/aes.2018.05.02.

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Willcox, Nick. "Myasthenia gravis." Current Opinion in Immunology 5, no. 6 (December 1993): 910–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0952-7915(93)90105-2.

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Pourmand, Rohman. "Myasthenia gravis." Disease-a-Month 43, no. 2 (February 1997): 70–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0011-5029(97)90033-x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "GRAWIS"

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Aronson, Gustav. "Grafik för smartphoneskärmar : Grafisk anpassning mellan plattformar." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för kommunikation och information, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-8473.

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Syftet med det här arbetet har varit att undersöka vilken skillnad av visuell igenkänningsbarhet och perception av 3d-spelgrafik, adapterad från en datorskärm till en mobiltelefonskärm, ger det att använda relativ omskalning och förenkling av objekt i en scen jämfört med att justera färg, silhuett och ljussättning. Undersökningen genomfördes genom att adaptera en 3d-modellerad scen till två olika versioner. En av versionerna av scenen modifierades genom relativ omskalning och förenkling av objekt enligt tidigare forskning inom närliggande område. Den andra versionen av scenen modifierades genom att justera färg, silhuett och ljussättning baserat på teoretiska grunder. Dessa två versioner av en scen jämfördes sedan mot varandra, och mot original scenen de var adapterade ifrån, i en undersökning.  Undersökningen genomfördes med hjälp av en kvalitativ undersökning i form utav semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultatet av undersökningen visar på viss skillnad i perceptionen av de olika versionerna.  De olika adaptionsversionerna får grafiken att uppfattas olika, och påverkar observationsvänligheten av grafiken. Resultatet visar även på att dessa metoder inte gör grafiken lättare att uppfatta jämfört med original scenen.
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Delsol, Ebba, and Bellman Matilda Kurtson. "Att kommunicera varumärkesidentitet genom rörlig grafik." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medie- och Informationsteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-121671.

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Denna studie syftar till att undersöka huruvida rörlig grafik är ett effektivt sätt att kommunicera företaget Prodeloxs varumärkesidentitet för en potentiell målgrupp. För att kunna uppfylla studiens syfte genomfördes en kvalitativ fallstudie. Ett teoriramverk berörande utformning av infografik, rörlig grafik och ett företags varumärkesidentitet togs först fram som en grund. Data samlades sedan in via kvalitativa intervjuer med anställda på Prodelox och en prototyp i form av rörlig grafik utformades med syfte att kommunicera företagets varumärkesidentitet. För att kunna dra slutsatser och jämföra huruvida den rörliga grafiken effektivt kommunicerade Prodelox varumärkesidentitet utformades även en prototyp på statisk grafik. Den rörliga grafiken och den statiska grafiken visades sedan för två fokusgrupper som diskuterade huruvida effektivt vardera grafik kommunicerade och ifall någon var mer lockande än den andra. Studien kom fram till att Prodeloxs varumärkesidentitet gick att gestaltas i rörlig grafik och att fler kommunikativa fördelar fanns med den rörliga grafiken i jämförelse med den statiska. Slutsatsen som drogs var att Prodelox kan använda sig att rörlig grafik för att effektivt kommunicera deras varumärkesidentitet till en potentiell målgrupp.
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Hammerth, Gustaf. "Grafik inom spelreklam : En studie om grafisk formgivning och dess påverkan på spelreklam." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15392.

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Under senare år har allt fler spelbolag och spelreklam dykt upp på den svenska marknaden. Detta har skapat en marknad med hög konkurrens där dessa bolag måste stå ut från varandra.  En aspekt som oftast inte diskuteras inom spelreklam är påverkan som grafisk design har på betraktaren. Därmed hade detta arbete i syfta att undersöka ifall tematisk design inom spelreklam är mer marknadsförbar än konventionellt utformad design. Till studien användes kvalitativa intervjuer där tio stycken individer deltog. Resultatet av studien visade att tematisk design var att föredra hos respondenterna. Det fanns dock subjektiva faktorer när respondenterna bedömde artefakterna som eventuellt påverkat det slutgiltiga resultatet. Det fanns också könsmässiga skillnader i hur dessa informanter svarade som behöver forskas vidare om.
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Bittencourt, Luiz Fernando 1981. "Algoritmos para escalonamento de tarefas dependentes representadas por grafos acíclicos direcionados em grades computacionais." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275815.

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Orientador: Edmundo Roberto Mauro Madeira
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T05:33:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bittencourt_LuizFernando_D.pdf: 2691554 bytes, checksum: b936bb837e62d8c4b7bacaeaae71e167 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Resumo: Grades computacionais são sistemas distribuídos compartilhados potencialmente grandes compostos por recursos heterogêneos que são ligados através de uma rede com enlaces heterogêneos. Esses sistemas tornaram-se ambientes largamente difundidos para execução de tarefas que demandam grande capacidade de processamento. Por serem sistemas compartilhados, a submissão de tarefas nas grades é oriunda de diversos usuários independentemente, o que gera uma demanda concorrente pelos recursos computacionais que deve ser gerenciada pelo middleware da grade. O escalonador é o componente responsável por decidir de que forma a distribuição dessas tarefas será realizada, devendo tratar das peculiaridades desse ambiente, tais como a heterogeneidade e o comportamento dinâmico dos recursos que o compõem, com variações tanto em quantidade quanto em qualidade. A função objetivo mais comum encontrada no escalonamento de tarefas é a minimização do makespan, ou seja, o tempo de término das tarefas que estão sendo escalonadas. Dentre os possíveis tipos de tarefas executadas em grades podemos destacar as tarefas independentes, que executam sem comunicação entre si, e as tarefas dependentes, que possuem dependências de dados que geram precedências de execução e são frequentemente modeladas como grafos acíclicos direcionados (DAGs - do inglês directed acyclic graphs). Dentre as aplicações compostas por tarefas dependentes, os DAGs de e-Ciência se sobressaem pela complexidade e necessidade crescente de recursos computacionais. Adicionalmente, o problema de escalonamento de tarefas, em sua forma geral, é NP-Completo. Dessa forma, o estudo do escalonamento de DAGs em grades computacionais é importante para o aprimoramento da execução de aplicações científicas utilizadas em diversas áreas do conhecimento. Nesta tese apresentamos algoritmos para quatro tipos de problema relacionados ao escalonamento de DAGs em grades: escalonamento estático de DAGs, escalonamento dinâmico de DAGs, escalonamento bi-critério e escalonamento de múltiplos DAGs. Apresentamos avaliações do makespan gerado pelos algoritmos após o escalonamento inicial e após a execução das tarefas com carga externa simulada nos recursos
Abstract: Computational grids are potentially large distributed systems composed of heterogeneous resources connected by a network with heterogeneous links. These systems became largely used in the execution of tasks which require large processing capacities. Because they are shared systems, task submission in grids independently originate from a number of users, leading to a concurrent demand over the computational resources, which must be managed by the grid middleware. The scheduler is the component responsible for deciding how the distribution of such tasks will occur, and it must deal with peculiarities of this environment, such as the heterogeneity and dynamic behavior of the resources, with variations in both quality and quantity. The objective function usually adopted in task scheduling is makespan minimization, which means that the scheduler tries to minimize the finish time of the tasks being scheduled. Among the tasks executed in grids we can find independent tasks, which execute without communication among them, and dependent tasks, which have data dependencies that yield in precedence constraints and are frequently modeled as directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). Among the applications composed of dependent tasks, e-Science DAGs are distinguished because of their complexity and increasing demand for computational resources. Additionally, the task scheduling problem, in its general form, is NP-Complete. Therefore, the study of scheduling of dependent tasks represented by directed acyclic graphs in computational grids is important to improve the execution of scientific applications in many areas of knowledge. In this thesis we present algorithms for four types of problems related to the DAG scheduling in grids: static scheduling of DAGs, dynamic scheduling of DAGs, bi-criteria scheduling, and scheduling of multiple DAGs. We present evaluations of the makespan generated by the algorithms after the initial scheduling and after the execution of the tasks with simulated external load in the resources
Doutorado
Sistemas de Computação
Doutor em Ciência da Computação
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Camargo, Pedro Veiga de. "Análise de um sistema de transporte ferroviário de granéis agrícolas através de uma abordagem integrada simulação-otimização." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3138/tde-19012011-155335/.

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O transporte ferroviário é uma das mais eficientes formas para escoamento da safra brasileira de granéis agrícolas. Apesar disso, a malha ferroviária nacional, bem como a sua frota de veículos, não tem sido expandida no mesmo ritmo que a produção de grãos, impondo restrições de capacidade de transporte cada vez mais fortes nesse modal. Nesse contexto, é necessário que a ferrovia torne-se mais eficiente, de forma a suprir o seu crescimento deficitário com aumento de produtividade. Esse trabalho lança mão de uma abordagem mista simulação-otimização para realizar a análise de possíveis estratégias operacionais para um sistema de transporte ferroviário operando em ciclo fechado, abordagem que se mostrou bastante adequada à representação de sistemas ferroviários do tipo considerado neste trabalho. É apresentado um modelo de simulação estocástica implementado em linguagem de programação dentro do qual foram testadas diversas regras de decisão baseadas em figuras de mérito diversas, algumas das quais apresentando resultados bastante promissores para testes práticos.
Railway transportation is one of the most efficient means used to carry the Brazilian grain production to export ports. However, grain production has grown at a faster rate than the railway infrastructure, leading to several operational restrictions for this transportation mode. Therefore it is expected from the railway operators an increase in their efficiency to supplement their lack of capacity. This research presents a discussion of some strategies that could be used for a grain rail transportation system operating in a closed loop, which was modeled as an simulation-optimization type of model, which revealed itself a very suitable approach when modeling this type of transportation system. This dissertation describes the simulation model developed to characterize the system, the prioritization rules that were incorporated into the model, as well as some very promising results.
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Simpson, John Alexander. "Myasthenia gravis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27395.

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The thesis is 72 publications describing the author's hypothesis of an autoimmune basis for myasthenia gravis (MG) and its validation. At the time of the first 24 papers many considered that MG was a syndrome rather than a disease entity, due to a biochemical disorder of the neuromuscular junction. Favoured models were a circulating 'curare-like' substance released from the thymus gland, or a pre-junctional abnormality, possibly causing release of small quanta of acetylcholine at the motor nerve terminals. Endplate receptor substance was speculative. The immunological role of the thymus was unknown and autoimmunity was a new concept in medicine. The therapeutic value of thymectomy was controversial. The controversy about thymectomy was resolved (papers 2,3) by re-analysing data separately for patients with a thymona and the conclusions have proved definitive. Papers based on the cases reviewed in that survey led to an autoimmune hypothesis with a thymic disorder causing production of antibodies with loss of tolerance to self-tissue, mainly but not exclusively at the motor endplates of muscle. The first recognition of many associated diseases and a re-interpretation of the relationship with thyroid disorders are described, with the first evidence for a genetic predilection with alternative expression. During the 35 years of this work the distinct nature of 'carcinomatous' myasthenia has been identified, and the non-immunological congenital myasthenias defined by other workers.
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Carneiro, Sandra Cristiana Rodrigues. "Fisiopatologia e tratamento da miastenia gravis: atualidade e perspetivas futuras." Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/1108.

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A Miastenia Gravis é a doença autoimune da junção neuromuscular mais comum. Deve-se, maioritariamente, à produção de AC contra os recetores da acetilcolina pós-sinápticos, ou contra a tirosina quinase músculo-específica, que provocam alterações morfológicas e/ou fisiológicas da junção neuromuscular. Do ponto de vista imunopatogénico, consiste num processo autoimune, dependente de células T, mediado por linfócitos B produtores de auto-AC. O timo parece estar implicado na perda de tolerância aos auto-antigénios, com consequente desenvolvimento da autoimunidade, mas muitos aspetos da patogénese desta doença continuam por decifrar. Atualmente, várias opções terapêuticas estão disponíveis: timectomia, corticosteroides, imunossupressores, plasmaferese, imunoglobulina intravenosa e imunoadsorção. Contudo, o perfil de efeitos adversos fica aquém do desejado, e nem todos os pacientes respondem ao tratamento atual. O conhecimento cada vez mais detalhado da fisiopatologia e das bases moleculares da imunopatogénese da miastenia gravis tem permitido o desenvolvimento de tratamentos experimentais cada vez mais específicos. As novas modalidades terapêuticas atuam, nomeadamente, por inibição de certas citocinas, inibição do sistema complemento, manipulação de células dendríticas, indução de tolerância por via oral ou nasal, imunoadsorção antigénio-específica, modulação da acetilcolinesterase e bloqueio dos AChR por AC não patogénicos. A investigação avança na tentativa de se encontrar uma solução eficaz, segura, com um perfil de efeitos adversos favorável, que corrija especificamente as alterações imunitárias causadoras da doença, sem comprometer o restante sistema imunitário.
Myasthenia Gravis is the most common autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction. It is due mostly to the production of antibodies against postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors or against the muscle-specific tyrosine kinase, which cause morphological and/or physiological changes in neuromuscular junction. Immunopathogenically, is a T cell dependent autoimmune process, mediated by B lymphocytes producing self-antibodies. The thymus seems to be implicated in the loss of tolerance to self-antigens, with subsequent development of autoimmunity, but many aspects of the pathogenesis of this disease remain to be deciphered. Currently, several therapeutic options are available: thymectomy, corticosteroids and other immunosuppressants, plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin, immunoadsorption, and thymectomy. However, the adverse event profile falls short, and not all patients respond to current treatment. The increasingly detailed knowledge of the pathophysiology and molecular basis of the immunopathogenesis of MG has allowed experimental treatments becoming more specific. New therapeutic modalities act in particular by inhibition of certain cytokines, inhibiting the complement system, handling of dendritic cells, induction of oral or nasal tolerance, antigenspecific immunoadsorption, acetylcholinesterase modulation and acetylcholine receptor blocking by non-pathogenic antibodies. The research progresses in an attempt to find an effective, safe treatment, with a favorable adverse event profile, specifically to correct disease-causing immune changes without compromising the rest of the immune system.
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Garcia, Letona Marco Roberto, Larrea Carlos Alonso Castillo, Cullanco Mónica Isabel( Gonzales, Miranda Naysha Lucya Hueda, and Jiménez Nathaly Marissel Martínez. "Proyecto Qhali Premezcla." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652794.

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El consumo de los granos andinos en nuestro país ha ido en aumento conforme se han dado a conocer sus propiedades nutritivas. Para el año 2019 el MINAGRI publicó que el consumo de granos andinos en el Perú alcanzó el 2.3 kilogramos per cápita, sin embargo, la meta es alcanzar una cifra superior por eso se debe tener en cuenta que no todas las personas tienen el conocimiento de sus beneficios nutricionales y la importancia de su consumo. Por ello en el país actualmente se fomentan las actividades como el “Mes de la Agricultura” o el “Día Nacional de los Granos Andinos” con el objetivo de impulsar su consumo cada año. Atendiendo a esta necesidad, se crea Qhali, una premezcla de los principales granos andinos del Perú. La propuesta de valor que ofrece Qhali a sus consumidores se manifiesta en un sabor avellanado, de fácil preparación, compuesto principalmente por quinua y avena, y sin ningún aditivo artificial. Por otro lado, su consumo no resulta nocivo para la salud, ya que sus principales ingredientes contienen altos componentes nutricionales. El público objetivo está compuesto por los padres de familia de los sectores socioeconómicos A y B de las zonas 6 y 7 de Lima Metropolitana que buscan mejorar la alimentación de sus hijos de una forma creativa en la presentación de estas. Asimismo, va dirigido al público en general. Los canales por los cuales Qhali se acercará a su público son: redes sociales, venta directa y delivery.
The consumption of Andean grains in our country has been increasing as its nutritional properties have been revealed. For 2019, The peruvian Department of Agriculture (MINAGRI) published that the consumption of Andean grains in Peru reached 2.3 kilograms per capita. However, the goal is to reach a higher number, we must understand that not all people have knowledge of their nutritional benefits and the importance of its consumption. For this reason, yearly activities such as "Agriculture Month" or "National Day of Andean Grains" are currently being promoted in the country with the aim of promoting their consumption each year. In response to this need, we have created Qhali, a premix of the main Andean grains of Peru. The value proposition that Qhali offers to its consumers is hazelnut flavor, easy to prepare, composed mainly of quinoa and oats, and without any artificial additives. On the other hand, its consumption is not harmful to health, since its main ingredients contain high nutritional components. Our target audience are parents from socioeconomic sectors A and B of zones 6 and 7 of Lima who seek to improve the nutrition of their children in a creative way in their presentation. It is also aimed at the general public and the channels through which Qhali will reach its audience are: social networks, direct sales and delivery.
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Eriksson, Per. "Deco Retro : Designprocessen för att skapa ett varumärke." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-19157.

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Denna rapport redogör för skapandet av varumärket Deco Retro. Samt den tillhörandedesignprocessen för att skapa en visuell identitet och profil för varumärket. VarumärketDeco Retro togs fram som ett undervarumärke till Kitsch Sweden AB som behövde ettvarumärke som passade deras nuvarande och framtida produkter. Deco Retro ska bidra meden stärkt identitet och värde för de produkter som ska säljas under varumärket. Designarbetetkring varumärket strävade framförallt efter att kommunicera den idé, identitet och de värdensom under projektet tagits fram för varumärket, samtidigt som det ska ha bidragit med enestetiskt tilltalande grafisk design. Resultatet av denna rapporten blev ett genomarbetatvarumärke med tillhörande visuell identitet, profil och flera tillhörande artefakter, redo attimplementeras.
This report describes the creative work to create the brand Deco Retro. Together with therelated design process to create a visual identity and profile for the brand. Deco Retro wascreated as a sub-brand to Kitsch Sweden AB whom needed a brand more fitting their currentand future line of products. Deco Retro was created to contribute with a stronger identity andadded value to the products which sells under the brand. The design work surrounding thebrand was first and foremost trying to communicate the idea, identity and value which hasbeen developed for the brand during this project. The design is also supposed to have addedaesthetically appealing grafic design. The result of this report is a worked through brandwith related visual identity, profil and numerous related artefacts, ready to get implemented.
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Verschuuren, Johannes Justus Gerard Maria. "Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis." Maastricht : Maastricht : Datawyse ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1989. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5471.

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Books on the topic "GRAWIS"

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Ballester, Martin Gelabert. Gracia: Gratis et amore. Salamanca: San Esteban, 2002.

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Baets, M. H. De, 1950-, Oosterhuis, Henricus Josephus Gerardus Hubertus., and Toyka K. V. 1945-, eds. Myasthenia gravis. Basel: Karger, 1988.

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Soriano, René Rodríguez. Muestra gratis. Santo Domingo: Rodríguesoriano, 1986.

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Gratis: Roman. Paris]: Gallimard, 2015.

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Hadjar, Saiful. Senapan grafis. Surabaya: Kelompok Seni Rupa Bermain, 2005.

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Soriano, René Rodríguez. Muestra gratis. Santo Domingo, D.N: R. Rodríguesoriano, 1986.

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Christadoss, Premkumar, ed. Myasthenia Gravis. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4060-7.

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Haniotis, Élisabeth. Gratins. Paris: Solar, 2008.

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Said, Sulaiman. Munir: Novel grafis. Jakarta: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia, 2014.

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Stevaert, Steve. Socialisme is gratis. Antwerpen: Houtekiet, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "GRAWIS"

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Louis, Dirk, and Peter Müller. "Grafik, Grafik, Grafik." In Java, 183–207. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446453623.009.

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Louis, Dirk, and Peter Müller. "Grafik, Grafik, Grafik." In Java, 221–52. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446438347.009.

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Gorshtein, Alexander, and Yair Levy. "Myasthenia Gravis." In Diagnostic Criteria in Autoimmune Diseases, 407–11. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-285-8_74.

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Austin, Jane, and Pierre A. Leon. "Myasthenia Gravis." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2305–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_565.

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Jordan, B., and S. Zierz. "Myasthenia gravis." In Klinische Neurologie, 1–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44768-0_41-2.

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Jordan, B., and S. Zierz. "Myasthenia gravis." In Klinische Neurologie, 1–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44768-0_41-1.

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Tindall, Richard S. A. "Myasthenia Gravis." In Foundations of Neurology, 283–304. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1495-0_19.

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Evoli, Amelia, and Raffaele Iorio. "Myasthenia Gravis." In Acquired Neuromuscular Disorders, 123–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29514-5_9.

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Voit, T. "Myasthenia gravis." In Pädiatrie, 1553–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76460-1_216.

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Thakore, Nimish. "Myasthenia Gravis." In Encyclopedia of Women’s Health, 865–67. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-306-48113-0_289.

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Conference papers on the topic "GRAWIS"

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Balusu, Kranthi, and Haiying Huang. "A CPFEM Investigation of the Effect of Grain Orientation on the Surface Profile During Tensile Plastic Deformation of FCC Polycrystals." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71763.

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A Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Method (CPFEM) investigation was performed to study the effect of the grain orientation on the surface profile changes in FCC polycrystals undergoing plastic tensile deformation. A grain embedded in an isotropic sample was used to ensure that grain profile is influenced only by the grain orientation. Simulation with multiple sets of grain orientations has determined that strain compatibility is the key criterion dictating the relative sinking and rising of grains. As a consequence, the grains with axial orientations close to [001] and [111] orientations, i.e. the most compatible orientations, sink irrespective of the normal orientation. However, grains with other axial orientations may relatively rise or sink depending on the orientation normal to the surface.
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Cizelj, L., and I. Simonovski. "Multiscale Assessment of Random Polycrystalline Aggregates With Short Cracks." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89623.

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The complete understanding of the incubation and growth of microstructurally short cracks is still somewhat beyond the present state-of-the-art explanations. A good example is the intergranular stress corrosion cracking of Inconel 600 in high-temperature water. An effort was therefore made by the authors to construct a computational model of the crack growth kinetics at the grain-size scale. The main idea is to divide continuum (e.g., polycrystalline aggregate) into a set of sub-continua (grains). Random grain structure is modelled using Voronoi-Dirichlet tessellation. Each grain is assumed to be a monocrystal with random orientation of the crystal lattice. Elastic behaviour of grains is assumed to be anisotropic. Crystal plasticity is used to describe (small to moderate) plastic deformation of monocrystal grains. Explicit geometrical modelling of grain boundaries and triple points allows for the development of the incompatible strains along the grain boundaries and at triple points. Finite element method (ABAQUS) is used to obtain numerical solutions of strain and stress fields. The analysis is currently limited to two-dimensional models. Numerical examples illustrate analysis of about one grain boundary long transgranular cracks. In particular, the dependence of crack tip displacements on the random orientation of neighbouring grains is studied. The limited number of calculations performed indicates that the incompatibility strains, which develop along the boundaries of randomly oriented grains, significantly influence the local stress fields and therefore also the crack tip displacements. First attempts are also made to quantify the preferential growth directions of cracks crossing the discontinuities (e.g., grain boundary).
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Yokoyama, Takashi, and Masaru Sekihara. "Effect of Crystallographic Properties on Low Cycle Fatigue Strength at Elevated Temperature for Ni-Based Directionally Solidified Superalloy." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-26704.

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Low cycle fatigue tests at elevated temperature were conducted on a Ni-based directionally solidified superalloy subjected to transverse loading. To investigate the effect of the arrangement and crystal orientation of grains on the crack initiation, the electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) method was applied on the surface of the tested specimens. In addition, finite element analysis that considered the plastic behavior of crystal grains was performed to evaluate the relationship between the crack initiation and the local stress or strain that develops near the grain boundaries. The results are summarized below. As for the effect of crystallographic properties in the specimen surface, cracks generally initiated near the grain boundaries that neighbored the grain whose secondary axis inclined to loading direction by more than 20 degrees and Schmid factor to uniaxial loading was more than 0.48. The crack location was not confirmed to correlate with the grain boundary misorientation of the neighboring grains on the surface. However, most cracks initiated near the grain boundaries that neighbored the grain whose secondary axis met the loading direction at a larger angle than the grain located in the opposite surface. The results of FEM analysis revealed that the location where high cumulative equivalent plastic strain developed generally corresponded to the crack location and that the cumulative equivalent plastic strain correlated with the number of crack initiation cycles.
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Xu, Q. Y., W. M. Feng, and B. C. Liu. "3D Stochastic Modeling of As-Cast Microstructure for Aluminum Alloy Casting." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32894.

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A 3D stochastic modeling was carried out to simulate the dendritic grains during solidification process of aluminum alloy, including time-dependent calculations for temperature field, solute redistribution in liquid, curvature of the dendritic tip, and growth anisotropy. The nucleation process was calculated by continuous nucleation. A 3D simplified grain shape model was established to represent the equiaxed dendritic grain. Based on the Cellular Automaton method, a grain growth model was proposed to capture the neighbor cells of the nucleated cell. On growing, each grain continues to capture the nearest neighbor cells to form the final shape. When a neighboring cell has been captured by the other grains, the grain growth along this direction is stopped. Three-dimensional calculations were performed to simulate the evolution of dendritic grain. In order to verify the modeling results, aluminum alloy sample castings were cast in sand and metal mold.
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Bale, Hrishikesh, and Jay C. Hanan. "High Residual Stress Between Zirconia Grains Observed With Laue Micro-Diffraction." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-11640.

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Highly focused synchrotron X-rays were used to measure residual stresses in dental grade yttria stabilized zirconia. The technique uses a sub-micron polychromatic beam to produce Laue diffraction spots. Diffraction spots from individual grains of zirconia provide the deviatoric stress tensor of the residual stress. Significant local grain-grain stresses were observed nearly 10–15% of the 1500 grains examined exhibiting stresses above 500 MPa. These residual stresses influence crack propagation and fracture.
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Simonovski, I., and L. Cizelj. "The Influence of the Grain Structure Size on Microstructurally Small Cracks." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48340.

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Material ageing and fatigue effects play a significant role in safe operation of nuclear power plants. Particular issues are the initialization and propagation of microstructurally small cracks which can represent a significant proportion of a component’s life time. These cracks are still not well understood, one of the reason being that a number of microstructural features have a significant influence on such cracks: crystallographic orientations of grains, grain boundaries, inclusions, voids, material phases, etc. Microstructural features away from the crack have smaller effect on the crack tip parameters. Crack length also plays a role. For a long crack the influence of the surrounding microstructural features will be smaller than for a small crack. A crack of sufficient length can be modeled using classical fracture mechanics methods. The question is when do we reach this point? To try to answer this question we create a model containing a large number of randomly sized, shaped and oriented grains with a crack inserted into a surface grain. Random grain structure is modelled using a given Voronoi tessellation. We then extend the crack up to 7 grains in length and estimate the standard deviation of crack tip opening displacements (CTOD) due to the random crystallographic orientations of the grains surrounding the crack. To account for the deformation mechanism at the grain size scale anisotropic elasticity and crystal plasticity constitutive models are employed. We show that even at crack length equivalent to 7 grains the standard deviation of the crack tip opening displacements due to the surrounding crystallographic orientations is still 7.3% and that from engineering point of view a crack with length of less than 10 average grain sizes can not be taken as independent of the surrounding microstructural features.
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Kikuchi, Ryo, Shujiro Suzuki, and Ken Suzuki. "Molecular Dynamics Analysis of the Acceleration of Intergranular Cracking of Ni-Base Superalloy Caused by Accumulation of Vacancies and Dislocations Around Grain Boundaries." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23352.

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Abstract Ni-based superalloys with excellent high temperature strength have been used in advanced thermal power plants. It was found that grain boundary cracking is caused in the alloy under creep-fatigue loading due to the degradation of the crystallinity of grain boundaries and the grain boundary cracking degrades the lifetime of the alloy drastically. In order to clarify the mechanism of intergranular cracking, in this research, static and dynamic strains were applied to a bicrystal structure of the alloy perpendicularly to the grain boundary using molecular dynamics analysis. In addition, the effect of the accumulation of vacancies in the area with high-density of dislocations on the strength of the bicrystal structure was analysed. It was found that the fracture mode of the bicrystal structure changed from ductile transgranular fracture to brittle intergranular one as strong functions of the combination of Schmid factor of the two grains and the density of defects around the grain boundary. The local heavy plastic deformation occurred around the grain boundary with large difference in Schmid factor between nearby grains and the diffusion of the newly grown dislocations and vacancies was suppressed by the large strain field due to the large mismatch of the crystallographic orientation between the grains. The accumulation of vacancies accelerated the local plastic deformation around the grain boundary. Therefore, the mechanism of the acceleration of intergranular cracking under creep-fatigue loading was successfully clarified by MD analysis.
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Simonovski, I., and L. Cizelj. "The Influence of Crystallographic Orientations of Grains on Microstructurally Small Cracks Using Crystal Plasticity and Random Grain Structure." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93363.

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A plane-strain finite element crystal plasticity model of microstructurally small stationary crack emanating at a surface grain in a 316L stainless steel is proposed. The model consisting of 212 randomly shaped, sized and oriented grains is loaded monotonically in uniaxial tension to a maximum load of 1.12Rp0.2 (280 MPa). The influence that a random grain structure imposes on a Stage I crack is assessed by calculating the crack tip opening (CTOD) and sliding displacements (CTSD), considering also different crystallographic orientations. It is shown that certain crystallographic orientations result in a cluster of soft grains around the crack-containing grain. In these cases the crack tip can become apart of the localized strain, resulting in a large CTOD value. This effect, resulting from the overall grain orientations and sizes, can have a greater impact on the CTOD than the local grain orientation. On the other hand, when a localized soft response is formed away from the crack, the localized strain does not affect the crack tip directly, resulting in a small CTOD value. The resulting difference in CTOD can be up to a factor of 4, depending upon the crystallographic set. Grains as far as 6xCracklength significantly influence that crack tip parameters. It was also found the a larger crack-containing grain tends to increase the CTOD.
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Al-Abbas, Faisal M., Tariq A. Al-Ghamdi, and Stephen Liu. "Comparison of Solidification Behavior Between Underwater Wet Welding and Dry Welding." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49485.

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The solidification substructure, both mode and size, has influence on the mechanical properties of weld joints. Controlling the solidification substructure by obtaining finer grains will generally result in enhancement of the weld joint quality and properties. Thus, it is essential to understand how welding parameters including voltage, current and weld travel speed as well as the welding environment (air and water) affect the solidification substructure. This work presents the effects of welding parameters on columnar grain morphology for both wet and dry welds. Also it compares the solidification rate and columnar grain size (width and length) between the dry welds and wet welds. For fair comparison, the welding parameters of both dry welds and wet welds were maintained similar. The solidification rate of wet welds is faster than that for the dry welds. A maximum difference of 22% was observed at half distance from the fusion line to the weld centerline. For wet welds, the observations revealed that the average columnar grain width and length of wet welds decrease with increasing electrode angle and decreasing welding travel speed. On the other hand, the columnar grain width decreased with increasing welding current. Also, as the welding current increased the average columnar grain length increases. Dry welds differed from wet welds in that the columnar grain average length decreased as the welding current increases. Moreover, the wet weld columnar grains are finer than those found in the dry welds at low welding current, namely 110A and 120A, whereas the wet weld columnar grains are comparable or coarser at high welding current, e.g.130 A and 140A. Statistical analysis of the columnar grain aspect ratio data set using Student’s-t test resulted in low t-value, 0.329 for low current welds, while high t-value, 7.775, was obtained for the welds made at high welding current. Results revealed that the columnar grain morphology in wet welds and dry welds are statistically different at low welding current 110A while columnar grains in dry and wet welds are similar at high welding current 140A.
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Takahashi, Yukako, Yifan Luo, Kenta Ishihara, Shujiro Suzuki, and Hideo Miura. "Degradation of the Strength of a Grain Boundary of Ni-Base Superalloys Under Creep-Fatigue Loading at Elevated Temperature." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24473.

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Abstract The degradation of the strength of a grain boundary was measured by using a micro tensile test in a scanning electron microscope. The change of the crystallinity of grain boundaries during creep-fatigue tests of Ni-base alloy such as Alloy 617 and 625 at elevated temperatures was monitored by electron back-scatter diffraction analysis. The image quality (IQ) value obtained from the analysis, which indicates the total density of defects, was applied to the quantitative evaluation of the crystallinity. It was clearly observed that the accumulation of defects occurred at grain boundaries which were perpendicular to the loading direction and consisted of grains with large difference of Schmid factor. Bicrystal specimens with different crystallinity were cut from the tested samples and the strength of the bicrystal specimens were measured by using the micro tensile test system. It was confirmed that the strength of a grain boundary decreased monotonically by about 50% with the decrease of IQ value, in other words, the increase in the total density of various defects such as vacancies and dislocations. On the other hand, the effective yielding stress of grains increased monotonically with the decrease of the IQ value. This is because the increase in the total density of these defects suppresses the movement of dislocations, in other words, plastic deformation. Therefore, there were three independent strengths, the strength of two grains and that of a grain boundary which consisted of the bicrystal specimen. Since the strength of grains increased, at the same time, that of a grain boundary decreased monotonically with the decrease of the IQ value, it was confirmed that there was critical IQ value at which the fracture mode of a bicrystal specimen changed from conventional transgranular cracking to intergranular cracking under the application of uniaxial tensile load.
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Reports on the topic "GRAWIS"

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Pingel, David, and Allen H. Trenkle. Digestibility of Diets with Corn Grain and Urea Replaced with Corn Distillers Grains or Solubles. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-488.

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Russell, James R., Daniel D. Loy, Jessica Anderson, and Mike Cecava. Potential of Chemically Treated Corn Stover and Modified Distiller Grains as a Partial Replacement for Corn Grain in Feedlot Diets. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-578.

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Thurston, Alison, Zoe Courville, Lauren Farnsworth, Ross Lieblappen, Shelby Rosten, John Fegyveresi, Stacy Doherty, Robert Jones, and Robyn Barbato. Microscale dynamics between dust and microorganisms in alpine snowpack. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40079.

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Dust particles carry microbial and chemical signatures from source regions to deposition regions. Dust and its occupying microorganisms are incorporated into, and can alter, snowpack physical properties including snow structure and resultant radiative and mechanical properties that in turn affect larger-scale properties, including surrounding hydrology and maneuverability. Microorganisms attached to deposited dust maintain genetic evidence of source substrates and can be potentially used as bio-sensors. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of dust-associated microbial deposition on snowpack and microstructure. As part of this effort, we characterized the microbial communities deposited through dust transport, examined dust provenance, and identified the microscale location and fate of dust within a changing snow matrix. We found dust characteristics varied with deposition event and that dust particles were generally embedded in the snow grains, with a small fraction of the dust particles residing on the exterior of the snow matrix. Dust deposition appears to retard expected late season snow grain growth. Both bacteria and fungi were identified in the collected snow samples.
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Powers, David. Eigenvectors of Graphs. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada203317.

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Powers, David L. Eigenvectors of Graphs. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada170562.

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Santos Lasaosa, Sonia, Pilar Larrodé Pellicer, Cristina Iñiguez Martínez, and Cristina Pérez Lázaro. Análisis Descriptivo de 45 Casos de Miastenia Gravis. Buenos Aires: siicsalud.com, July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21840/siic/80526.

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Asenova, Asya, and Veneta Bojinova. Juvenile Myasthenia Gravis - Clinical Course and Serologic Tests. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2020.12.17.

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Barrera-Osorio, Felipe, Paul Gertler, Nozomi Nakajima, and Harry A. Patrinos. Promoting Parental Involvement in Schools: Evidence from Two Randomized Experiments. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/060.

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Parental involvement programs aim to strengthen school-home relations with the goal of improving children’s educational outcomes. We examine the effects of a parental involvement program in Mexico, which provides parent associations with grants and information. We separately estimate the effect of the grants from the effect of the information using data from two randomized controlled trials conducted by the government during the rollout of the program. Grants to parent associations did not improve educational outcomes. Information to parent associations reduced disciplinary actions in schools, mainly by increasing parental involvement in schools and changing parenting behavior at home. The divergent results from grants and information are partly explained by significant changes in perceptions of trust between parents and teachers. Our results suggest that parental involvement interventions may not achieve their intended goal if institutional rules are unclear about the expectations of parents and teachers as parents increase their involvement in schools.
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Mansbach, Peter. GRAMPS multiprocessor operating system. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.89-4190.

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DeSimone, Jeffrey. Sadness, Suicidality and Grades. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16239.

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