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Journal articles on the topic 'Gray's Inn'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 24 February 2023

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1

Sparrow, Reader –. Charles. "The Fayrest Inne (Staple Inn Reading 1998)." British Actuarial Journal 4, no. 5 (December 1, 1998): 1059–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357321700000283.

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ABSTRACTAs part of the 150th anniversary celebrations of the actuarial profession, the link between Gray's Inn and Staple Inn is being renewed with the appointment by Gray's Inn of a Reader, who will give an annual lecture at Staple Inn as a contribution to legal and actuarial education.The first reading for some 300 years gives an outline of the history of Staple Inn, from its origin in the fourteenth century as a ‘Staple’, a customs house for wool, later becoming an Inn of Chancery of one of the four Inns of Court, Gray's Inn. It was in the Inns of Chancery that training was given to law students. The progression of English law and of the training of law students are outlined, particularly how they affected Staple Inn and its subordinate relationship to Gray's Inn. The eventual loosening of the ties between the Inns of Court and the Inns of Chancery, the end of the involvement of Staple Inn with the legal profession, and the coming of the Institute of Actuaries to Staple Inn are all described.

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2

Holborn, Guy. "Cataloguing: AACR2 and All That." Legal Information Management 10, no. 1 (March 2010): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669610000113.

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3

Jacques, David. "'The Chief Ornament' of Gray's Inn: The Walks from Bacon to Brown." Garden History 17, no. 1 (1989): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1586915.

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4

Prest, Wilfrid R. "Law, learning and religion: gifts to Gray's Inn library in the 1630s." Parergon 14, no. 1 (1996): 205–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pgn.1996.0072.

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5

Gould, Glenice. "A history of The Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital 1874–1982." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 112, no. 22 (April 1998): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100142975.

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PrefaceThis history of the Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital at Gray's Inn Road formed the core of a thesis submitted to the Open University for a Doctorate of Philosophy and is not an official history. I was encouraged to give it wider circulation particularly by Sir Donald Harrison and Mr Edward Donald. The Special Trustees of the Hospital have most generously sponsored this supplement which I hope will serve to provide some interest to those who have worked at Gray's Inn Road. I must begin with an apology as it does not attempt to record the achievements of all the staff at the RNTNE and many eminent contributors to the success of the Hospital have been omitted either through my own ignorance or through lack of space to cover all areas of the Hospital's development. I have been fortunate in obtaining both written and oral historical memoirs from retired doctors, nurses, administrators and technicians who worked for many years at Gray' Inn Road. I would like particularly to thank Peter Zwarts, librarian of the Institute of Laryngology and Otology, and the librarians at the Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine and the Guildhall. I would like to thank Andrew Gardner of the ILO for a number of the illustrations. In particular I would like to thank my OU supervisor, Dr Noel Coley, for his patience and encouragement.

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6

Dhillon, Harpreet K. "Raising the Bar: the Work of the Inns of Court Libraries." Legal Information Management 22, no. 3 (September 2022): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669622000263.

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AbstractThis article has been written by Harpreet K. Dhillon, with contributions from colleagues at Gray's Inn Library, Inner Temple Library, Middle Temple Library and Lincoln's Inn's Library. During the course of the article, Harpreet looks at the way the four of Inns of Court libraries support barristers, though will use the term members interchangeably throughout. The Inns have their own histories, and the libraries function in their own unique ways, so the focus of this article are those key services provided by all the libraries and their relevance to the continuing work of Inn members. The article has been written using anecdotal evidence and contributions from all the library teams, concluding that the Inn libraries play a crucial and ongoing role in supporting the work of barristers, a role that evolves and will continue to do so alongside the legal profession's demands.

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7

Dever, Mark E. "Moderation and Deprivation: A Reappraisal of Richard Sibbes." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 43, no. 3 (July 1992): 396–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046900001354.

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Among the Puritan ‘martyrs’ celebrated by Samuel Clarke and Daniel Neal, few have been more frequently mentioned and less carefully considered than Richard Sibbes (1577–1635). Sibbes, primarily remembered as Preacher of Gray's Inn and author of The Bruised Reede, has been presented as one of a number of early Stuart preachers who neither approved nor practised bending the knee in communion, nor wearing the surplice, nor signing the cross in baptism, and yet who somehow remained within the Established Church. He was, it is reported, constantly troubled by Laud. Doubly deprived, censured and silenced, Sibbes became a model for his numerous disciples – among them Thomas Goodwin, John Davenport, John Cotton – who would later find their way into dissent. It is supposed that only the power of his lawyer-friends and noble patrons allowed him to retain his ministry at Gray's Inn for almost two decades. After his death, his writings became almost entirely the possession of Nonconformists and Sibbes came to be read through separatist spectacles. And yet, although remembered as espousing a robustly reformed theology, his moderation was particularly admired by those who followed him. Sibbes seemed to stand above the tumult of the times, ‘to preserve the vitals and essentials of religion, that the souls of his hearers, being captivated with the inward beauty and glory of Christ, and being led into an experimental knowledge of heavenly truths, theirspirits might not evaporate and discharge themselves in endless, gainless, soul-unedifying, and conscience-perplexing questions’.

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8

Hackney, Jeffrey. "John Spelman's Reading on Quo Warranto: Lectures Delivered in Gray's Inn (Lent,1519), J. H. Baker." English Historical Review 116, no. 465 (February 2001): 212–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/enghis/116.465.212.

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9

Hackney, J. "John Spelman's Reading on Quo Warranto: Lectures Delivered in Gray's Inn (Lent,1519), J. H. Baker." English Historical Review 116, no. 465 (February 1, 2001): 212–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/116.465.212.

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10

Hanna, Ralph. "The Descent of Some Chester Libraries." Library 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/library/22.1.57.

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Abstract In his grand Medieval Manuscripts in British Libraries, Neil Ker identified, in two different repositories, the extensive remains of a single sixteenth-century library. This had clearly been gathered together before the Dissolution from the book collections of a variety of religious houses, all of those identifiable in the city of Chester. The essay traces the probable passage of these volumes from their initial collection to their present repositories, Gray's Inn and Shrewsbury School. In this account, the initial collector, William Wall, eventually prebendary of Chester Cathedral, had passed these on to a recusant family, the Egertons, and they, in turn, descended through an illegitimate daughter to the Bostocks, who donated them to their present institutions.

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11

Lange, LS. "Book reviews : MS and Pregnancy. Action for Research into Multiple Sclerosis (ARMS), 71 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8TR, UK." Clinical Rehabilitation 2, no. 1 (February 1988): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026921558800200113.

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12

Burnfield, Alexander. "Book reviews : Emotional reactions to MS. Action for Research into Multiple Sclerosis (ARMS), 71 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8TR, UK." Clinical Rehabilitation 2, no. 1 (February 1988): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026921558800200114.

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13

Stunt, Timothy C. F. "‘Trying the Spirits’: The Case of the Gloucestershire Clergyman (1831)." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 39, no. 1 (January 1988): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046900039087.

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The political turmoil which characterised the decade from 1825 to 1835 is interestingly reflected in a religious crisis, as a result of which Established Church and traditional nonconformity alike were found by seceders to be spiritually wanting. Millenarian and charismatic movements are often, in part, an expression of social uncertainty. Any analysis of such movements as the Plymouth Brethren or the self-styled ‘Catholic Apostolic Church’ must take into account their social milieu which, at that time, included a great deal of political agitation - for causes like Roman Catholic Emancipation, parliamentary reform, currency reform and nascent socialism - as well as anxiety arising from the outbreak of cholera and social unrest, with several European revolutions in the background. It may not be entirely fortuitous that, when Edward Irving was expelled from his church in Regent Square in 1832, his congregation (not without some misgivings) met for a while in Robert Owen's socialist Rotunda in the Gray's Inn Road.

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14

Heumann, J. Mark. "Fairfax and the Lifeguard's Colors." Albion 26, no. 3 (1994): 443–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4052602.

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On Wednesday, 23 February 1647/8, General Sir Thomas Fairfax received a petition from his Lifeguard protesting the terms under which they were ordered to be disbanded. Finding the General unsympathetic, some of the soldiers went to the cornet's lodgings at the Bell in Gray's Inn Lane and carried away the troop colors, hiding them at the Lamb on Snow Hill. The Council of War regarded this act “as a great Disrespect and Dishonor to the General” and interrogated members of the Lifeguard. On Friday, the Council condemned one Master William Clarke to be shot to death for mutiny and disobeying the commands of superior officers. On Saturday, the Lifeguard presented another petition, begging pardon for Clarke and submitting to the General's authority in the most abject terms. Clarke himself also petitioned for pardon, asserting as his motives “the not punctually performing of the Agreement made at Windsor, and to vindicate the General's Honor therein. After some consideration, Fairfax called Clarke in, pardoned him, and set him free.

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15

Reynolds, Thomas. "W.A.P.F. Steiner: 1918–2003." Legal Information Management 3, no. 3-4 (2003): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669600002036.

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William A.F.P. Steiner, one of the founding editors of the Index to Foreign Legal Periodicals has died after a long illness. Willi (always Willi, never William or Dr. Steiner) had received his diplomate from Vienna shortly before he emigrated to England in 1938; he received a Masters degree from Cambridge and a Master of Laws degree from the University of London. He was a barrister of Gray's Inn, but his primary interests were bibliography and the organization of knowledge and information, and he almost immediately embarked on endeavours as a librarian and editor. His first positions were as assistant librarian at the London School of Economics, 1946–1958, and then the Squire Law Library at Cambridge, 1959–1968. In 1968 he returned to London as the Librarian of the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, also serving as the Secretary of the Institute from 1968 to 1971. In 1984 he returned to Cambridge, where he had continued to live since 1959, but only to a semi-retirement of consulting, teaching and writing.

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16

Reeves, Andrew. "English Secular Clergy in the Early Dominican Schools: Evidence from Three Manuscripts." Church History and Religious Culture 92, no. 1 (2012): 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187124112x621257.

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AbstractAs part of their mission to preach faith and morals, the medieval Dominicans often served as allies of parochial clergy and the episcopate. Scholars such as M. Michèle Mulchahey have shown that on the Continent, the Order of Preachers often helped to educate parish priests. We have evidence that thirteenth- and fourteenth-century Dominicans were allowing parochial clergy to attend their schools in England as well. Much of this evidence is codicological. Two English codices of William Peraldus's sermons provide evidence of a provenance relating to a parish church: London Gray's Inn 20, a collection of his sermons on the Gospels, was owned by a parish priest, and Cambridge Peterhouse 211, a manuscript of his sermons on the Epistles, contains an act issued by the rector of a parish church. Another manuscript of Peraldus's sermons contains synodal statutes. As the Order of Preachers was outside of the diocesan chain of command, these statutes point to the use of these sermons by those who were subject to the episcopate. Since the Dominicans were normally forbidden from sharing their model sermon literature with secular clergy, these codices suggest a program on the part of the English province of the Order of Preachers to make sure that diocesan clergy could attend Dominican schools in order to gain the skills necessary to preach the basic doctrines and morals of the Christian faith to England's laity.

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17

Clarke, Malcolm. "The Law of Insurance. Fifth edition. By Colinvaux Raoul, of Gray's Inn, Barrister. [London: Sweet & Maxwell. 1984. xci, 496, (Appendix) 27 and (Index) 29 pp. Hardback £42·00 net.]." Cambridge Law Journal 44, no. 3 (November 1985): 513–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000819730011520x.

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18

Collinson, Susan. "The case of the disappearing doctor." Psychiatric Bulletin 14, no. 2 (February 1990): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.14.2.83.

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Edinburgh. She had recently taken up a locum tenens at the Royal Free Hospital in Gray's Inn Road in place of one of the resident staff who was away on holiday. The Lancet records that she was “seen in the hospital and about the wards up to noon on Saturday 15th (August), but since then nothing has been seen of her nor had anything been heard of her up to Thursday morning. We trust that before the paper is in our readers' hands Miss Hickman's whereabouts and safety will be made known to her father, with whose anxiety in the situation we sympathise deeply”. By 29 August nothing had been heard, though Miss Hickman's sudden and apparently motiveless disappearance had by then attracted a great deal of public interest. She had been a brilliant student, attending the London School of Medicine for Women, where she had consistently gained Honours and Prizes. Her first job was as Junior House Surgeon at Clapham Maternity Hospital. Her independent life-style (there was still controversy surrounding the practice of medicine by women) and the lack of motive for her disappearance led to a range of theories and explanations being brought to bear upon the mystery. The Lancet (29 August) suggested that Miss Hickman's disappearance “may be due to that curious condition of mentality which leads to ‘automatic wandering’ – a condition that is perfectly familiar to psychologists” and recommended to the reader a paper by Dr W. S. Colman, lecturer in forensic medicine. Entitled ‘A Case of Automatic Wandering lasting Five Days’, it described in detail two episodes of prolonged automatism. On each occasion, the patient had ‘woken up’ after a period of days, many miles from home.

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19

Sealy, L. S. "Gore-Browne on Companies. Forty-fourth edition. General Editor: A. J. Boyle, LL.M., S.J.D., of Gray's Inn, Barrister, Professor of Law at Queen Mary College in the University of London; Consultant Editor: Richard Sykes, M.A., Q.C., of Lincoln's Inn, Barrister; with specialist contributors. [Bristol: Jordan & Sons Ltd.1986. 2 vols. (loose-leaf), about 1500 pp. £150·00 net.]." Cambridge Law Journal 46, no. 2 (July 1987): 330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300119981.

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20

Marston, Geoffrey. "Anson's Law of Contract. Twenty-sixth edition. By A. G. Guest, m.a., Professor of English Law in the University of London, Bencher of Gray's Inn. [Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1984. lvi, 607 and (Appendices and Index) 30 pp. Paperback £15·95 net.]." Cambridge Law Journal 44, no. 1 (March 1985): 172–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300114667.

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21

Munday, Roderick. "The Law and Practice on Coroners. Third edition. By Paul Knapman M.B., B.S., L.R.C.P., M.R.C.S., D.M.J., of Gray's Inn, Barrister, H.M. Coroner for Inner West London at Westminster and Michael J. Powers B.SC. (HONS.), M.B., B.S., D.A., of Lincoln's Inn and of the Inner Temple, Barrister. [Chichester: Barry Rose Publishers Ltd. 1985. xxiv, 523 and (Index) 12 pp. Hardback £85·00 net.]." Cambridge Law Journal 44, no. 3 (November 1985): 491–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300115041.

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22

Purdie, Rhiannon. "Sir Isumbras in London, Gray’s Inn, MS 20: A Revision." Nottingham Medieval Studies 55 (January 2011): 249–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.nms.1.102426.

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23

Tromans, Stephen. "Cross on Local Government Law. Seventh Edition. By Cross Charles, M.A., LL.B., of Gray's Inn and the Northern Circuit, Barrister, and Bailey Stephen, M.A., LL.B., Senior Lecturer in Law, University of Nottingham. [London: Sweet & Maxwell Ltd. 1986, xcii, 608, (Appendices) 26 and (Index) 30 pp. Paperback £18·95 net.]." Cambridge Law Journal 45, no. 3 (November 1986): 526–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300118574.

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24

Van Caenegem, R. C. "The Order of Serjeants at Law. By J. H. Baker, m.a., ll.b., ph.d., f.b.a., Fellow of St. Catharine's College, Cambridge; of the Inner Temple and Gray's Inn, Barrister-at-Law. (Selden Society's Supplementary Series Vol. 5). [London: Selden Society. 1984. xxvi, 429 and (Appendices and Indexes) 179 pp. Hardback £35·00 net.]." Cambridge Law Journal 44, no. 2 (July 1985): 303–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300115417.

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25

Peachman, John. "‘Surprised into Sonneteering’: Shakespeare’s Sonnets and the Gray’s Inn Revels of 1594–5." Notes and Queries 66, no. 3 (July 23, 2019): 418–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/notesj/gjz088.

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26

BRUNSTRÖM, CONRAD, and DECLAN KAVANAGH. "Arthur Murphy and Florida Peat: The Gray’s Inn Journal and versions of the apolitical." Eighteenth-Century Ireland: Volume 27, Issue 1 27, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 123–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/eci.2012.9.

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27

Thomson, Jeffrey. "John Vincent’s Reading at Gray’s Inn, 1668/9, on the Merchants’ Assurances Act 1601." Journal of Legal History 38, no. 3 (September 2, 2017): 308–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01440365.2017.1388001.

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28

Yager, Ronald R., and Ali M. Abbasov. "Pythagorean Membership Grades, Complex Numbers, and Decision Making." International Journal of Intelligent Systems 28, no. 5 (March 4, 2013): 436–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/int.21584.

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29

Beasley, John D. "Alcohol services: the future Alcohol Concern Alcohol services: the future 305 Gray’s Inn Road, London WC1X 8QF £3.95." Primary Health Care 6, no. 10 (November 1996): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/phc.6.10.19.s25.

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30

Takemura, Harumi. "Gesta Grayorum and Le Prince d’Amour." Cahiers Élisabéthains: A Journal of English Renaissance Studies 94, no. 1 (August 1, 2017): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0184767817722102.

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Although the indebtedness of early modern English dramatic literature to the intellectual and literary milieu of the Inns of Court is widely recognized, its revelling culture has been heretofore understudied. The Inns of Court developed its own festive culture, which gives the evidence of the hybridity of courtly entertainments and satirical urbanism. This article looks in detail at two Inns of Court revels performed in the 1590s, Gesta Grayorum (1594–95, Gray’s Inn) and Le Prince d’Amour (1597–98, Middle Temple), and explores the shifting nature of the Elizabethan entertainment culture.

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31

Harrison, Lee H., Carolyn J. Kreiner, Kathleen A. Shutt, Nancy E. Messonnier, Mary OʼLeary, Karen R. Stefonek, Huai Lin, et al. "Risk Factors for Meningococcal Disease in Students in Grades 9–12." Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 27, no. 3 (March 2008): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/inf.0b013e31815c1b3a.

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32

Sadiković, Ermina, Adnan Beganović, Fuad Julardžija, Adnan Šehić, Samir Tatarovac, and Adnan Pezo. "The analysis of the subjective image quality of a dental radiogram obtained with a digital and film detector." Radiološke tehnologije 11, no. 1 (November 7, 2020): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.48026/isnn.26373297.2020.11.1.5.

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Introduction: Today film-based technologies are largely abandoned in dental radiology. New technologies based on digital detectors are being adopted. This change is part of the global digitalization of radiological procedures. A person operating the radiological device needs to be educated and well informed about radiological procedures and technologies, as well as to know how the system operates and to be sure about the dose required for the adequate image quality. The awareness of radiation doses received by patients is necessary for the estimation of risk from ionizing radiation.Material and methods: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether patient doses in intraoral dental radiology affect image quality. The study included subjective analysis of radiological image quality for an intraoral x-ray device with possibility to use both digital and film detector. Subjective assessment of image quality is performed according to criteria taken from the literature and is expressed using the Likert scale, grade 1–5. In order to improve the quality of inferential statistics related ratings to detector quality and image quality were collected, thus introducing two variables: the detector quality index and the technique quality index.Results: Z-test proportions column shows that the number of grades four given as a contrast score is significantly higher in the RVG detector (65%) compared to the film (40%). There is also a significant difference in the number of given grades five as a rating of the apex preview. The share of grades five in film is 19%, while in RVG it is 42%. It is similar in the evaluation of the preview of the dental canal, where there is also a significant difference in the number of given grades five, so that the share in the film is 11% and in RVG 35%.Conclusion: Analysis of the subjective quality of the radiological image in devices for intraoral radiography with the possibility of recording using digital and film detectors indicates that the digital detector is superior to film in low contrast resolution, apex and dental canal preview.

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33

Mangiafico, Salvatore, Valentina Saia, Patrizia Nencini, Ilaria Romani, Vanessa Palumbo, Giovanni Pracucci, Arturo Consoli, et al. "Effect of the Interaction between Recanalization and Collateral Circulation on Functional Outcome in Acute Ischaemic Stroke." Interventional Neuroradiology 20, no. 6 (January 1, 2014): 704–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15274/inr-2014-10069.

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Identification of patients with acute ischaemic stroke who could most benefit from arterial recanalization after endovascular treatment remains an unsettled issue. Although several classifications of collateral circulation have been proposed, the clinical role of collaterals is still debated. We evaluated the effect of the collateral circulation in relation to recanalization as a predictor of clinical outcome. Data were prospectively collected from 103 patients consecutively treated for proximal middle cerebral or internal carotid artery occlusion. The collateral circulation was evaluated with a novel semiquantitative-qualitative score, the Careggi collateral score (CCS), in six grades. Both CCS and recanalization grades (TICI) were analysed in relation to clinical outcome. A statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of interaction between recanalization and collateral circulation on clinical outcome. Out of the 103 patients, 37 (36.3%) had poor collaterals, and 65 (63.7%) had good collaterals. Patients with good collaterals had lower basal National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), more distal occlusion, smaller lesions at 24h CT scan and better functional outcome. After multivariate analysis, the interaction between recanalization and collateral grades was significantly stronger as a predictor of good outcome (OR 6.87, 95% CI 2.11–22.31) or death (OR 4.66, 95% CI 1.48–14.73) compared to the effect of the single variables. Collaterals showed an effect of interaction with the recanalization grade in determining a favourable clinical outcome. Assessment of the collateral circulation might help predict clinical results after recanalization in patients undergoing endovascular treatment for acute ischaemic stroke.

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34

Agbaria, Qutaiba. "The Relationship between Self Control Skills and Behavioral Problems among Special Education Primary Grades in Israel." International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education 13, no. 1 (December 30, 2020): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/int-jecse/v13i1.211001.

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Prior research has demonstrated that poor self-control skills in childhood and adolescence are associated with greater behavioral problems (e.g., anger, attention deficits). However, the current study was the first to investigate these associations among the unique sample of special educated Arab-Israeli children, and individual characteristics (e.g., gender, age) that may influence the relationship between self-control and behavioral problems were explored. Participants (n=125) were first or second graders, and both the child’s parent and teacher completed questionnaires assessing the children’s self-control skills and behavioral problems. Self-control skills (both parent and teacher report) were negatively associated with both parent- and teacher-reported behavioral problems (introversive problems (rs>-.50, p<.01), extroversive problems (rs>-.45, p<.01), and general problems (rs>-.52, p<.01)). Females exhibited higher self-control skills (both parent and teacher report) than males (ps<.05), and both females and first graders exhibited fewer behavioral problems (introversive, extroversive, and general problems) than second graders (ps<.05). Thus, the current study highlights the importance of strong self-control skills as a deterrent for developing behavioral problems, which may inform early intervention efforts in Arab-Israeli primary school students.

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35

Escudier, Bernard, Cezary Szczylik, Thomas E. Hutson, Tomasz Demkow, Michael Staehler, Frédéric Rolland, Sylvie Negrier, et al. "Randomized Phase II Trial of First-Line Treatment With Sorafenib Versus Interferon Alfa-2a in Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 8 (March 10, 2009): 1280–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.19.3342.

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Purpose An open-label, phase II study to evaluate progression-free survival (PFS), overall best response, adverse events (AEs), and patient-reported outcomes with sorafenib versus interferon alfa-2a (IFN-α-2a) in patients with untreated, advanced renal cancer. Patients and Methods A total of 189 patients were randomly assigned to oral sorafenib 400 mg twice daily or to subcutaneous IFN-α-2a 9 million U three times weekly (period 1). Sorafenib patients who progressed were dose-escalated to 600 mg twice daily; IFN-α-2a patients who progressed were switched to sorafenib 400 mg twice daily (period 2). Results In period 1 PFS was similar for sorafenib-treated (n = 97; 5.7 months) and IFN-α-2a–treated patients (n = 92; 5.6 months); more sorafenib-treated patients had tumor shrinkage (68.2% v 39.0%). Common drug-related AEs (Grades ≥ 3) for sorafenib were hand-foot skin reaction (11.3%), diarrhea (6.2%), and rash/desquamation (6.2%); for IFN-α-2a, these were fatigue (10.0%), nausea (3.3%), flu-like syndrome (2.2%), and anorexia (2.2%). Sorafenib-treated patients reported fewer symptoms, better quality of life (QOL), and greater treatment satisfaction. In period 2, 41.9% of patients who received sorafenib 600 mg twice daily (n = 43) experienced tumor reduction (median PFS, 3.6 months). After the switch to sorafenib 400 mg twice daily, tumors were reduced in 76.2% of 50 patients (median PFS, 5.3 months). AEs were mostly grade 1 to 2; no increase in AEs of grades ≥ 3 occurred after sorafenib dose escalation. Conclusion In this study, sorafenib resulted in similar PFS as IFN-α-2a in patients with untreated RCC. However, sorafenib-treated patients experienced greater rates of tumor size reduction, better QOL, and improved tolerability. Both dose escalation of sorafenib after progression and a switch to sorafenib after progression on IFN-α-2a resulted in clinical benefit.

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Beloff QC, Michael J. "PAYING JUDGES: WHY, WHO, WHOM, HOW MUCH? NEILL LECTURE 2006." Denning Law Journal 18, no. 1 (November 23, 2012): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/dlj.v18i1.305.

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My Lords, Ladies and Gentlemen, it is a great privilege for me to be invited to deliver the 5th Neill Lecture following in the footsteps of such legal giants of our time as Lord Bingham of Cornhill, Lord Woolf of Barnes, Lord Steyn and Lord Hoffman, just as the page followed in the footsteps of Good King Wenceslas in the snowy wastes of Bohemia. After four aces the Fellows of All Souls have clearly opted to play the Joker.Pat Neill, the honorand, is fit to be ranked with Tom and Harry, not to speak of Johann and Lenny, in the annals of the law although he abstained from taking judicial appointment in this country. Instead, like a modern Pooh Bear, he became Lord High everything else, notably – I make a judicious selection - Warden of All Souls, Vice Chancellor of Oxford University, Chairman of the Press Council, Chairman of the Committee of Standards in Public Life and Treasurer of Gray’s Inn.

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Bustan, Sana Ahmad Al, Suad Al Thuwaikh, Ali Rajab, and Dana Al Ghareeb. "Emotional, Behavioral and Cognitive Self-Regulation of Children with Learning Disabilities in Arabic Mainstreamed and Specialized Middle-School Classrooms in Kuwait." International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education 13, no. 1 (May 5, 2021): 132–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/int-jecse/v13i1.211016.

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This research examines how emotional, behavioral and cognitive self-regulation in children with learning disabilities is affected by the school environment in Kuwait. A quantitative design approach was chosen to gather data on emotional, behavioral and cognitive self-regulation using a bespoke self-regulation Likert scale; 56 students from grades 6-9 were surveyed from mainstreamed and specialized classrooms in Kuwait. The analysis showed statistically significant differences in emotional self-regulation; children with learning disabilities in mainstream classrooms performed lower than expected compared to children in specialized classroom. Results showed that girls in specialized classes had lower behavioral self-regulation than the boys. All mainstreamed children with learning disabilities scored lower across all axis compared to students in specialized classroom. Children’s self-regulation across all axis declined in grades 7 and 8 compared to those in grade 6; however, children in specialized classrooms recovered self-regulation skills in grade 9 compared to mainstreamed children’s self-regulation which continued to plateau through to grade 9. The study was influenced by types of services each mainstreamed and specialized class offered. Furthermore, the researchers emphasize introducing emotional self-regulation training for classroom teachers and assistants in mainstreamed classrooms. They suggest specific characteristics specialized classes can implement to recover self-regulation across all axis.

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Clarke, Malcolm. "Scrutton on Charterparties and Bills of Lading. Nineteenth edition. By SirAlan Abraham Mocatta, formerly one of Her Majesty's Judges of the Queen's Bench Division; of New College, Oxford, and of the Inner Temple, and SirMichael J. Mustill, one of Her Majesty's Judges of the Queen's Bench Division; of St John's College, Cambridge and of Gray's Inn, and Stewart C. Boyd, of Trinity College, Cambridge, and of the Middle Temple, one of Her Majesty's Counsel. [London: Sweet & Maxwell. 1984. cv, 470, (Appendices) 58 and (Index) 65 pp. Hardback £50·00 net.]." Cambridge Law Journal 44, no. 2 (July 1985): 327–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300115570.

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., Iswan, and Karimah Julianti Sari. "The Effectiveness of Online Learning on Elementary School Student Learning Results." International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education 14, no. 1 (March 17, 2022): 1137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/int-jecse/v14i1.221129.

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The research entitled the effectiveness of online learning on the learning outcomes of elementary school students, while the purpose of this study was to obtain information about the effectiveness of online learning on student achievement, especially in grades IV and V. This research was conducted at Al Ikhlas Islamic Elementary School. South Jakarta. Indonesia. The method used in this study is a quantitative descriptive approach, the instrument used as an indicator to explore the effectiveness of online learning by using a questionnaire as an instrument. The population this study were students in grades IV A, IV B, V A, VB and VC who were taken randomly, totaling 94 respondents using random sampling. Data analysis used a simple linear regression test with a significant level of 0.05 (5%). Based on the results of the calculation of a significant value of 0.000<0.05, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of online learning on student achievement has a regression equation, this is proven by the results of statistical tests using the Ttest and the calculation results obtained are 11,064>1,661, with significance level 0.000<0.05.While the effectiveness of online learning on student achievement is obtained a value of 75.6% through the calculation of the coefficient of determination. The results of this study indicate that there is quite a significant or low influence on online learning on student achievement.

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Bersamin, Melina, Byron L. Zamboanga, and Natalie Orsak-Neff. "Understanding course content through letter writing: Do informal writing assignments improve grades?" Psychology Teaching Review 19, no. 1 (2013): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsptr.2013.19.1.50.

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Using an experimental study design (N=41), we examined whether participation inan informal writing assignment, specifically writing a letter to a friend about course content, improved exam scores in an undergraduate child development course. Findings indicated that participating in the writing assignment significantly improved scores on an exam which included both a multiple–choice component and an essay.No effect emerged for a quiz that included only multiple–choice questions. These findings indicate that writing assignments that require students to summarise and paraphrase newly–learned material may improve performance on exams that have a written component to them.

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Kirby CMG, Michael J. "APPELLATE ADVOCACY - NEW CHALLENGES. THE DAME ANN EBSWORTH MEMORIAL LECTURE." Denning Law Journal 18, no. 1 (November 23, 2012): 51–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/dlj.v18i1.307.

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This lecture honours Dame Ann Ebsworth who died in 2002 of cancer. She was but sixty-four years of age. As I am the inaugural lecturer, I will record some personal facts, although her memory will be green for her friends, many of whom have come to this lecture to remember her and to celebrate her life. Ann Ebsworth was born on 19 May 1937. Her father was an officer in the Royal Marines. She was raised a Roman Catholic and derived from her religion and her parents strong convictions and a sense of public service. She read history at the University of London where she was known as a formidable debater. In 1962 she was called to the Bar by Gray’s Inn. Her practice, which was in Liverpool, was predominantly criminal with some family work (which increased) and some civil work (which diminished). She rose to be head of her chambers. She was known as a considerable opponent, particularly in criminal cases. She was described as an “… effective and formidable advocate, thorough in preparation, lucid and courteous in style and entirely unflappable.

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Hamasaki, Osamu, Fusao Ikawa, Toshikazu Hidaka, Yasuharu Kurokawa, and Ushio Yonezawa. "Treatment of Ruptured Vertebral Artery Dissecting Aneurysms." Interventional Neuroradiology 20, no. 3 (January 1, 2014): 304–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15274/inr-2014-10024.

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We evaluated the outcomes of endovascular or surgical treatment of ruptured vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms (VADAs), and investigated the relations between treatment complications and the development and location of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). We treated 14 patients (12 men, two women; mean age, 56.2 years) with ruptured VADAs between March 1999 and June 2012 at our hospital. Six and eight patients had Hunt and Hess grades 1–3 and 4–5, respectively. Twelve patients underwent internal endovascular trapping, one underwent proximal endovascular occlusion alone, and one underwent proximal endovascular occlusion in the acute stage and occipital artery (OA)-PICA anastomosis and surgical trapping in the chronic stage. The types of VADA based on their location relative to the ipsilateral PICA were distal, PICA-involved, and non-PICA in nine, two, and three patients, respectively. The types of PICA based on their development and location were bilateral anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)-PICA, ipsilateral AICA-PICA, extradural, and intradural type in one, two, two, and nine patients, respectively. Two patients with high anatomical risk developed medullary infarction, but their midterm outcomes were better than in previous reports. The modified Rankin scale indicated grades 0–2, 3–5, and 6 in eight, three, and three patients, respectively. A good outcome is often obtained in the treatment of ruptured VADA using internal endovascular trapping, except in the PICA-involved type, even with high-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage. Treatment of the PICA-involved type is controversial. The anatomical location and development of PICA may be predicted by complications with postoperative medullary infarction.

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Ponezheva, Zh B., I. V. Mannanova, V. V. Makashova, A. A. Erovichenkov, S. V. Shabalina, and A. V. Gorelov. "Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis C and severe interferon system suppression." Infekcionnye bolezni 19, no. 2 (2021): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2021-2-60-64.

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Objective. To identify specific clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and severe interferon (IFN) system suppression. Patients and methods. This study was conducted at the Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology, Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing. We enrolled and examined 76 patients with confirmed CHC aged 18 to 80 years who had been followed up for at least 3 years. We analyzed the level of IFN-producing T-lymphocytes, IFN status, serum levels of IFN-α, -γ and -λ depending on viral and biochemical activity, and genotype. In addition to that, we evaluated the association between the IFN system parameters and age, duration of infection, genotype, viral load, and stage of liver fibrosis. The control group comprised 30 healthy individuals who had no complaints and no clinical or laboratory changes at the time of examination. Results. We identified 3 grades of IFN system suppression: grade 1–moderate (in 21% of patients), grade 2–mild (inadequate) (in 47% of patients), and grade 3–severe (in 32% of patients). We analyzed clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with grade 3 IFN system suppression and evaluated the IFN system depending on age, duration of infection, genotype, viral and biochemical activity. We found that severe IFN system suppression correlated with duration of infection, stage of liver fibrosis with a tendency to increased levels of T-lymphocytes expressing receptors for IFN-α and IFN-γ (CD118+, CD119+). Key words: chronic hepatitis C, genotype, interferon status

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Schmidt, Moritz, Katrin Benzler, Ulrich M. Lauer, Lars Zender, Clemens Hinterleitner, and Martina Hinterleitner. "Inflammatory Surrogate Parameters for Predicting Ifosfamide-Induced Neurotoxicity in Sarcoma Patients." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 19 (September 30, 2022): 5798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195798.

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Sarcomas compromise a heterogenous group of tumors of a mesenchymal origin. Although treatment options in many solid tumors have evolved over the past decades, the treatment of advanced sarcoma is still based on conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Beside anthracyclines, alkylating agents such as ifosfamide are frequently used in sarcoma treatment. However, treatment with ifosfamide can cause severe dose- and treatment-limiting side effects, such as ifosfamide-induced neurotoxicity (IIN). Especially in sarcoma, consecutive risk assessment analyses investigating the individual factors associated with the increased incidence in IIN, remain insufficient so far. In this retrospective analysis, we investigated 172 sarcoma patients treated with ifosfamide. Out of 172 patients, 49 patients (28.5%) developed IIN. While gender, age, histologic origin, and tumor stage were not associated with the occurrence of IIN, infusion times, simultaneous radiotherapy, and concomitant use of opioids or anticonvulsants affected the risk of developing IIN. Sarcoma patients with IIN showed an alteration in several inflammatory markers, including a lower lymphocyte count, hemoglobin levels, and calcium levels, as well as elevated GGT, sodium, and CRP levels. Remarkably, the occurrence of IIN was associated with a worse prognosis regarding progression free and overall survival. In addition, high CTCAE grades were negatively associated with overall survival in sarcoma. The observation that an inflammatory state is associated with an increased risk of IIN in sarcoma patients can be used prospectively to further investigate the relationship of inflammation and IIN. In addition, the easily accessible blood markers used in our study to predict IIN can be incorporated into clinical decision making.

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Galchuk, Olga V., Elena F. Komandyshko, and Elena N. Piryazeva. "Formation of the Upbringing Cultural Environment of a School as an Emotional and Figurative Way of Improving Education Quality." International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education 13, no. 2 (December 2, 2021): 1174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/int-jecse/v13i2.211164.

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The process of upbringing by means of art is an influential factor in education quality improvement. In this regard, an emotional and figurative way of cognition proposed in the study becomes the foundation for the upbringing cultural environment at school. In the conducted experiment, children from the sixth, seventh, and eighth grades take part in project activity integrating various subject areas. The experiment results show a positive dynamic in the academic performance of students involved in project activity of creating multimedia products which substantiates the effectiveness of creating an upbringing cultural environment within the framework of emotional and figurative cognition in improving the quality of education.

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Malloy, Michael P. "Encountering Charles Dickens: The Lawyer’s Muse." ATHENS JOURNAL OF LAW 7, no. 4 (September 30, 2021): 507–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajl.7-4-4.

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This article explores the themes of the practical impact of law in society, the life of the law, and the character of the lawyer (in both senses of the term), as reflected in the works of Charles Dickens. I argue that, in creating memorable scenes and images of the life of the law, Charles Dickens is indeed the lawyer’s muse. Dickens – who had worked as a junior clerk in Gray’s Inn and a court reporter early in his career – outpaces other well-known writers of “legal thrillers” when it comes to assimilating the life of the law into his literary works. The centrepiece in this regard is an extended study and analysis of Bleak House. The novel is shaped throughout by a challenged and long-running estate case in Chancery Court, and it is largely about the impact of controversy on the many lawyers involved in the case. It has all the earmarks of a true “law and literature” text - a terrible running joke about chancery practice, serious professional responsibility issues, and a murdered lawyer. Keywords: Charles Dickens; Law and Literature; the Life of the Law.

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47

Osterborg, A., M. Bjorkholm, M. Bjoreman, G. Brenning, K. Carlson, F. Celsing, G. Gahrton, G. Grimfors, H. Gyllenhammar, and R. Hast. "Natural interferon-alpha in combination with melphalan/prednisone versus melphalan/prednisone in the treatment of multiple myeloma stages II and III: a randomized study from the Myeloma Group of Central Sweden." Blood 81, no. 6 (March 15, 1993): 1428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v81.6.1428.1428.

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Abstract Three hundred thirty-five previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma in clinical stages II and III entered a randomized trial comparing intermittent oral melphalan and prednisone (MP) therapy (n = 171) with MP in combination with natural (leukocyte-derived) alpha- interferon (MP/IFN) (n = 164). The treatment groups were comparable with regard to major prognostic factors. The response frequency was 42% in the MP group and 68% in the MP/IFN group (P < .0001). Eighty-five percent of IgA myelomas and 71% of Bence-Jones myelomas responded to MP/IFN compared with 48% and 27%, respectively, to MP treatment (P = .001). There was no difference in the overall survival between the two treatment groups. However, the survival of 72 patients with IgA or Bence-Jones myeloma randomized to receive MP/IFN was significantly longer (median 32 months) than that of 71 patients treated with MP (median 17 months) (p < .05). No statistically significant difference in response frequency (60% v 46%) or survival was found for patients with IgG myeloma. Hematologic toxicity, WHO grades III and IV, was higher in the MP/IFN group (48%) than in the MP group (33%) (P <.05) during the induction treatment period. Flulike syndrome was observed in 68% of patients receiving MP/IFN. The results show that MP/IFN is a well-tolerated treatment regimen, superior to MP for remission induction, and it improves significantly the overall survival for patients with IgA and Bence-Jones myelomas.

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Osterborg, A., M. Bjorkholm, M. Bjoreman, G. Brenning, K. Carlson, F. Celsing, G. Gahrton, G. Grimfors, H. Gyllenhammar, and R. Hast. "Natural interferon-alpha in combination with melphalan/prednisone versus melphalan/prednisone in the treatment of multiple myeloma stages II and III: a randomized study from the Myeloma Group of Central Sweden." Blood 81, no. 6 (March 15, 1993): 1428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v81.6.1428.bloodjournal8161428.

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Three hundred thirty-five previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma in clinical stages II and III entered a randomized trial comparing intermittent oral melphalan and prednisone (MP) therapy (n = 171) with MP in combination with natural (leukocyte-derived) alpha- interferon (MP/IFN) (n = 164). The treatment groups were comparable with regard to major prognostic factors. The response frequency was 42% in the MP group and 68% in the MP/IFN group (P < .0001). Eighty-five percent of IgA myelomas and 71% of Bence-Jones myelomas responded to MP/IFN compared with 48% and 27%, respectively, to MP treatment (P = .001). There was no difference in the overall survival between the two treatment groups. However, the survival of 72 patients with IgA or Bence-Jones myeloma randomized to receive MP/IFN was significantly longer (median 32 months) than that of 71 patients treated with MP (median 17 months) (p < .05). No statistically significant difference in response frequency (60% v 46%) or survival was found for patients with IgG myeloma. Hematologic toxicity, WHO grades III and IV, was higher in the MP/IFN group (48%) than in the MP group (33%) (P <.05) during the induction treatment period. Flulike syndrome was observed in 68% of patients receiving MP/IFN. The results show that MP/IFN is a well-tolerated treatment regimen, superior to MP for remission induction, and it improves significantly the overall survival for patients with IgA and Bence-Jones myelomas.

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Hehlmann, Rudiger, Susanne Jung-Munkwitz, Michael Lauseker, Armin Leitner, Nadine Pletsch, Samina Shazi, Martin C. Müller, et al. "Randomized Comparison of Imatinib 800 Mg Vs. Imatinib 400 Mg +/- IFN in Newly Diagnosed BCR/ABL Positive Chronic Phase CML: Analysis of Molecular Remission at 12 Months; The German CML-Study IV." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.339.339.

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Abstract Abstract 339 Initial reports that high dose imatinib results in better responses more rapidly than standard dose imatinib remain controversial. The German CML Study Group therefore compared imatinib 800 mg (IM 800) with standard dose imatinib +/- IFN (IM 400, IM 400 + IFN) in newly diagnosed, not pretreated CML with regard to molecular response at 12 months and survival in a randomized clinical trial. By April 30, 2009, 1026 chronic phase CML patients have been randomized (326 for IM 400, 338 for IM 800, 351 for imatinib + IFN). Comparison was for molecular and cytogenetic remissions, overall (OS) and progression free (PFS) survival and toxicity. 1015 patients were evaluable at baseline, 904 for survival analysis (294 for IM 400, 286 for IM 800, 324 for IM 400+IFN), 790 for cytogenetic (analysis of at least 20 metaphases required) and 823 for molecular response. The three treatment groups were similar regarding median age, sex, median values of Hb, WBC, platelets and distribution according to the EURO score. Median follow-up was 25 months in the imatinib 800 mg arm and 42 months in the imatinib 400 mg +/-IFN arms. The difference is due to the fact that at first the IM 800 arm was designed for high risk patients only and opened up to all risk groups in July 2005. The median daily doses of imatinib were 626 mg (209- 800 mg) in the IM 800 arm and 400 mg (184- 720 mg) in the IM 400 +/- IFN arms. Of 218 patients receiving imatinib 800 mg and evaluable for dosage at 12 months, 100 (45.9%) received more than 700 mg/day, 27 (12.4%) 601-700 mg, 37 (17.0%) 501-600 mg, 48 (22.0%) 401-500 mg and only 6 (2.8%) 400 mg/day or less. The cumulative incidences at 12 months of complete cytogenetic remission (CCR) were 52.3%, 64.9% and 50.6%, and of major molecular remission (MMR) 30.2%, 54.3% and 34.6% with IM 400, IM 800 and IM 400 +IFN, respectively. The cumulative incidences of achieving CCR and MMR with IM 400, IM 800 and IM 400+IFN at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after start of treatment are summarized in the table. MMR at 12 months was reached faster with IM 800 than with IM 400 (p=0.0003) or IM400+IFN (p=0.0131). Optimal molecular response (OMR=<0.01% BCR-ABL according to the international scale) was reached with IM 800 after a median of 31.3 months vs. 47.5 and 42.5 months with IM 400 +/- IFN. Also CCR was reached faster with IM 800 (p<0.01). The more rapid achievement of MMR with IM 800 was observed in low and intermediate risk patients with little or no difference in high risk patients. In an analysis “as treated” patients receiving more than 600 mg/day reached remissions faster than those receiving lower dosages (CCR after a median of 7.8 vs. 8.9 months, MMR after a median of 10.4 vs. 12.9 months). At the time of this evaluation, OS (92% at 5 years) and PFS (88% at 5 years) showed no difference. Type and severity of adverse events (AE) at 12 months did not differ from those expected (all grades and grades III/IV). Hematologic (thrombocytopenia 7% vs. 4%) and non-hematologic AEs (gastrointestinal 35% vs. 15-24% and edema 29% vs. 16-19%) were more frequent with IM 800, fatigue (14% vs. 7-13%) and neurological problems (15% vs. 6-7%) more frequent with IM 400 + IFN (all grades). These data show a significantly faster achievement of MMR at 12 months with IM 800 as compared to IM 400 +/-IFN. So far, this faster response rate did not translate into better OS or PFS. Hence IM 400 should still be considered as standard of care. With some individual dose adjustments tolerability of IM 800 was good. Longer observation is required to determine whether this more rapid achievement of MMR and CCR will have a long term impact or not. Disclosures: German CML Study Group: Deutsche Krebshilfe: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; European LeukemiaNet: Research Funding; Kompetenznetz Leukämie: Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding; Essex: Research Funding.

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Thornely, J. W. A. "The Supreme Court Practice 1985, Vols. 1 and 2 and First Supplement. General Editor SirJack I. H. Jacob, ll.b., hon. ll.d., hon. dr. jur. (würzburg), one of Her Majesty's Counsel, former Senior Master of the Supreme Court and Queen's Remembrancer, Fellow and Visiting Professor of English Law, University College London, Honorary Bencher of Gray's Inn, with a team of 8 Editors and 8 Assistant Editors. [London: Sweet & Maxwell Ltd. and Stevens & Sons Ltd.1984. Vol. 1, clxxxviii, 1414 and (Index) 285 pp.; Vol. 2, x and 1583 pp.; Supplement, 105 pp. Cloth £140·00 net.]." Cambridge Law Journal 44, no. 1 (March 1985): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300114655.

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