Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gray fund

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Gray fund'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Gray fund"

1

Hudson, J. "New trustees for the Gray-Milne Fund." Astronomy & Geophysics 42, no. 6 (December 1, 2001): 6.7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/astrog/42.6.6.7.

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Meng, Meng, and Jiuhong Yu. "Research on gray system and quantitative model about the fund-raising ability to China private equity fund." Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) 21, no. 3 (May 29, 2016): 365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12204-016-1734-z.

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Suprovych, T. M., M. P. Suprovych, N. B. Mokhnachova, O. D. Biriukova, L. V. Strojanovska, and V. A. Chepurna. "Genetic variability and biodiversity of Ukrainian Gray cattle by the BoLA-DRB3 gene." Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 12, no. 1 (March 6, 2021): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/022106.

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At the current stage of genetic studies of cattle, more and more attention is being drawn to autochthonous breeds. Native cattle have a number of prominent phenotypic traits and have preserved unique genes and their combinations lost by modern commercial breeds, which would be valuable to use in selective programs. We surveyed polymorphism of the Ukrainian autochthonous Gray breed according to alleles of exon 2 of the BoLA-DRB3 gene. The uniqueness of the gene lies in the broad variability of its allele variants. Significant informativeness at DNA level is quite important for genetic studies. We surveyed allele polymorphism using the PCR-RLFP method on DNA isolated from 88 samples of blood of cows and 5 samples of sperm. We identified 28 alleles, of which 23 variants were nomenclature ones and 5 (jba, *jab, *jbb, *nad and *nda) were “without established nomenclature”, their share accounting for 8.9%. Four alleles *06, *12, *16 and *jba had a frequency above 5% and occupied 69.9% of the breed’s allele fund overall. The commonest allele was BoLA-DRB3.2*16 (44.1%). In total, we found 40 genotypes. Considering the significant dominance of variant *16, as expected, 5 genotypes with its inclusion occurred: *16/*16, *12/*16, *06/*16, *16/*24 and *jba/*16. It was present in the genotype of two out three studied animals. Parameters of heterozygosity, effective number of alleles, Shannon and Pielou indices indicate that Ukrainian Gray cattle are characterized by lowest level of genetic variability and biodiversity according to the BoLA-DRB3 gene compared with other breeds. Due to significant dominance of allele *16, the breed has no inbred motifs. We noted deviation toward increase in homozygosity without deviations from the norm of the distribution according to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The obtained results will be used for genetic-populational programs with the purpose of improving the genetic potential of cattle breeds in terms of economically beneficial traits and diseases of cattle.
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Gilbert, Katherine, Brigitte Tenni, and Gillian Lê. "Sustainable Transition From Donor Grant Financing: What Could It Look Like?" Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 31, no. 6 (August 28, 2019): 485–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539519870656.

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Donor transition is an important aspect of sustaining the impact of donor investments after financial support has ceased. This article compares, contrasts, and critiques the transition policies of the top health donors in the Asia Pacific, which includes Global Fund to fight AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria, Gavi–the Vaccine Alliance, World Bank (International Development Association), and the United States US Agency for International Development to gain a deeper understanding of what a sustainable financial transition could look like. A literature review of the academic and gray literature was undertaken to ascertain these donors’ transition policies and to determine the success of these policies in ensuring sustainable and effective transition. It is proposed that sustainable transition requires a clearly articulated vision of long-term impact, explicit and transparent transition policies, clear time frames for transition, donor coordination, and evaluation of long-term impacts of donor withdrawal.
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Koti, K. "FINANCIAL LITERACY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE INVESTMENT DECISIONS OF WORKING WOMEN." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 6 (December 4, 2019): 554–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7686.

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Purpose of the study: The study was conducted with the main objective of knowing the financial literacy of women in Dharwad District Methodology: For the research conducted totally of 100 women were interviewed to know their financial ability and proficiency. The statistical tools used where factor analysis, T-Test and One-way Anova. Main Findings: We could find 30 percent of them were comfortable and found that the gray area was mutual fund investment and return of it. The significant investment avenues which were important and not concentrated were bank deposits and gold markets. They are careful during investments; they know very well about the risk involved in markets and the volatility. They keep financial goals, targets and achieve them successfully. The investment is spread across various portfolios to lower the risk by them Applications of this study: The study is very important to know the literacy of women in Dharwad District. Based on the study we can create awareness among the women to make them more ease in financial abilities and usage in financial products Novelty/Originality of this study: The study is unique and researchers or the common person can analysis as to how women think about financial avenues and what is their level of understanding about financial opportunities. Financial institutions can even drive interest in women investing in markets and advisors can make them invest in mutual funds or banking products.
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Kahlke, Ralf-Dietrich. "Der Saiga-Fund von Pahren. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der paläarktischen Verbreitungsgeschichte der Gattung Saiga GRAY 1843 unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Gebietes der DDR." E&G Quaternary Science Journal 40, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 20–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3285/eg.40.1.02.

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Abstract. Ausgehend von einer knappen Darstellung zur Geschichte der Erforschung fossiler Saiga-Reste auf dem Gebiet der DDR wird das bisher vorliegende Fundgut aufgeführt und durch die Beschreibung eines vermutlich letztglazialen Schädelfragmentes von Pahren bei Zeulenroda (Bezirk Gera) ergänzt. Ein Vergleich des Fossils mit entsprechenden Funden Eurasiens führt zur Unterscheidung vorläufiger Formengruppen. Offene taxonomische Probleme werden aufgezeigt. Die regionale Verbreitung fossiler Saiga-Nachweise in der DDR spiegelt den einstigen Verbreitungsraum der Gattung aus taphonomischen und forschungsgeschichtlichen Gründen nicht repräsentativ wider. Die Besiedlung der durch Funde gekennzeichneten Gebiete ist vegetationsgeschichtlich und unter Einbeziehung von Rezentbeobachtungen erklärlich. Es schließt sich ein kurzer Überblick zur bisher bekannten Verbreitungsgeschichte der Gattung Saiga im paläarktischenRaum an.
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Volkova, T. G. "ORGANIZATION OF THE EMISSION OF THE BONDED LOAN OF THE PENSION FUND OF RUSSIA AS A WAY OF FINANCING ITS BUDGET DEFICIT." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 29, no. 5 (September 25, 2019): 564–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2019-29-5-564-573.

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In recent years, revenues and expenditures of the PFR budget are constantly growing, and their growth is about the same magnitude. The decrease in revenues in 2014 was due to a decrease in allocations from the Federal budget, as well as a change in the legislation on compulsory pension insurance, in accordance with which it was decided to send all insurance contributions at the individual rate to finance the insurance part of the labor pension. Since 2014, there has been a stable deficit. According to forecast data, the budget for the next years is also planned to be deficit. Taking into account that the state pension provision is planned and financed by the target method at the expense of allocations, it can be stated that the deficit of the PFR budget is associated with a shortage of incoming insurance contributions for the payment of insurance pensions. This may be due to the following reasons: a significant increase in the number of old-age pensioners with a relatively stable working-age population; insufficient income in the form of insurance contributions (informal wages, shadow business); lack of alternative sources of funding. With the first problem, the Russian Government decided to fight by an unpopular method - to reduce the increase in the number of pensioners by increasing the retirement age. This, in our view, exacerbates the existing problem of public distrust in the pension system in general and in the pension policy in particular. That in turn, among other factors, is the cause of the second problem - the growth of "gray" wages and unpaid insurance premiums. Thus, these problems need to be solved radically, which requires considerable time and a serious elaborated pension policy of the Government of the Russian Federation. It is proposed to use the issue of a pension bond loan as a measure in the operational management of the pension cash gap and strategic management of the budget deficit of the PFR.
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Freedman, Carl. "Polemical Afterword: Some Brief Reflections on Arnold Schwarzenegger and on Science Fiction in Contemporary American Culture." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 119, no. 3 (May 2004): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/003081204x20631.

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The 2003 Guber natorial recall campaign in California was a perfect political storm. The extraordinary result—the democratic removal of a sitting governor before his term expired (for the first time in California history and the second time in United States history) and his replacement by a bodybuilder turned movie star with not the slightest governmental experience—depended on the improbable conjuncture of several factors, each pretty odd in itself: the special severity with which the Bush recession hit the California economy, largely because of the latter's unusual dependence on high-tech corporations; the California power crisis engineered by Enron and other denizens of the Houston energy industry; the astonishing charmlessness of Governor Gray Davis, whose political career had been based not on attracting strong loyalty or admiration but on fund-raising, negative campaigning, and convincing core Democratic constituencies that he was marginally less repellant than Republican alternatives; the willingness of the multimillionaire United States congressman Daryl Issa to spend two million dollars of his own money to get the recall on the ballot in the first place; and, of course, the overwhelming star power of Arnold Schwarzenegger. One might suppose that the evident contingency of the whole matter precludes finding historical importance in it. It is after all possible, even likely, in what Guy Debord brilliantly analyzed as la société du spectacle, for an event to be sensational without being tremendously significant.
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Bodnaruk, V. Y., L. I. Muzyka, Y. G. Kropyvka, P. V. Bodnar, A. J. Zhmur, and T. V. Orikhivskyj. "Features of the genetic structure of the Simmental breed cattle." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 22, no. 93 (October 15, 2020): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-a9323.

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Breeds of farm animals are characterized by the presence of their genetic structure, in particular, the distribution of allelic and genotypic frequencies by individual genetic and biochemical systems. The purpose of our search was to study the genetic frequencies of polymorphic loci of transferrin (TF), amylase (AM), ceruloplasmin (CR), hemoglobin (HB) and purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PN) in Simmental cattle and related breeds (Gray Ukrainian and Charolais), as well as to determine the degree of similarity between the expected loci and actual genotypes. As a result of research it was established that the genetic structure of the studied polymorphic loci of the Simmental breed was closer in animals of the Gray Ukrainian breed. In particular, at the locus of transferrin in individuals of the Gray Ukrainian breed there are alleles TF A, TF D1, TF D2 and TF E, whose genetic frequency was in the range of 0.051–0.603. The frequency of the Tf A allele in all studied breeds of cattle had a slight intergroup fluctuations (0.235–0.244), indicating their genetic similarity to this allele. At the locus of transferrin allele Tf D1 of the breed Ukrainian and Charolais were characterized by a lower frequency, however, according to the Tf D2 allele (frequency 0.603 in both breeds), they outperformed the Simmental breed by 11.7 %. The amylase locus in the studied breeds occurs with the alleles AM B and AM C, and with the allele AM A – is absent. The frequency of the AM B allele was highest in animals of the Gray Ukrainian breed, and in the AM C allele in the Charolais breed. It should be noted the high frequency of the AM B allele (0.910) in the Gray Ukrainian breed, which is due to the large number of BB homozygotes. Among the ceruloplasmin locus, the CP A allele had the highest frequency, and the CP B allele had a slightly lower frequency. In the hemoglobin locus, the frequency of HB A allele expression was the highest compared to other polymorphic systems and was in the range of 0.905–1.000. As for the HB B allele, on the contrary, the frequency of its appearance was much lower: in Simmental animals it was 0.095, in the Charolais breed it was 0.059, and in the Gray Ukrainian breed this allele was not observed. Among the alleles of purine nucleoside phosphoryls, the PN L allele was noted with a high frequency (0.697–0.846). The study of genotypes of genetic and biochemical systems of Simmental breed by loci TF, AM, SR, HB and PN shows that the locus TF, which is represented by the largest number of genotypes (10), was marked by a high degree of similarity between expected and actual genotypes with a significant difference (exception – genotype TF EE). The largest number of animals at this locus had the genotypes TF AD2, TF D1 D2 and TF D2 D2 (8 heads in each group), and the smallest – with genotypes TF AA, TF D1 D1, TF D1 E and TF D2 E (1–2 heads each). With the expected genotypes TF AF and TF EE, their real number was not detected, which indicates high heterozygosity. Amylase polymorphism is appeqred only by alleles AM B and AM C. Homozygous for allele B recorded a slightly larger number – in 23 individuals, while homozygous for allele C – only in 3 individuals, which coincides with the expected data in accordance with 21.690 and 1.690. The ceruloplasmin locus is marked by a slightly higher frequency of allele A, due to homo- (CP AA) and heterozygotes (CP AB), which appeared in 15 animals in both groups. Hemoglobin in the Simmental breed, as in most breeds of cattle, is represented mainly by allele A, and homozygotes of the BB allele are absent. Allele B is appeared in small quantities in a heterozygous state – in 4 individuals. The РN locus is appeared by two alleles (L and H), and there are no heterozygotes on the electrophoresis foregrams. There was a high frequency of the L allele of the PN locus, which is characteristic of breeds of the dairy direction of productivity. The PN H allele, which is characterized by high activity, is somewhat less common in Simmentals (only in 6 individuals). Thus, the study of genetic frequencies of the Simmental breed is necessary for the identification and early determination of the level of productivity of animals. Genetic frequencies of polymorphic loci are necessary for selection work with the breed, and can also be used in the breeding process to accelerate the rate of the breeding process. Searches of the genetic structure of the complex of genetic and biochemical systems are necessary for the research and preservation of the gene fund of local and endangered breeds of cattle.
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Popov, N. A., and V. Yu Sidorova. "Biological diversity of forest plant communities as a feed resource for beef cattle breeding (review)." Kormlenie sel'skohozjajstvennyh zhivotnyh i kormoproizvodstvo (Feeding of agricultural animals and feed production), no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-05-2107-01.

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In the State Forest Fund and forests of rural territories of the Russian Federation the areas of hayfields and pastures are 4,3 and 2,3 million hectares. Annually, 22,5 million tons of herbage are harvested on forest lands, which is 4,5 million tons of hay. Forest soils of the Moscow region are characterized by high acidity, low content of nutrients, they need regular fertilization. In the Moscow region according to the type of soils they are divided into gray forest soils, which make up 6,1 % of all soils and sod-podzolic – 43,4 %. When livestock manure enters the soil during grazing, the pH of the soil becomes alkaline 8,0–9,0. Six-month compost of livestock manure with a moisture content of 80 %, left on forest pastures, exceeds the leaves’ litter in the amount of dry matter by 2,6 times, N (in % for absolutely dry matter) by 6,5 times, the amount of cement carbon (C) by 1,6 times, the amount of total nitrogen (N) by 16,8 times, but is inferior in the content of C (in % for absolutely dry matter) by 1,6 times. Deoxidation of soils promotes accelerated vegetation. The impact of livestock grazing on forest resources has both positive and negative effects on increasing the biodiversity of plant communities. Livestock grazing causes both harm and benefit to forest biological diversity. The harm is caused by unregulated use, the benefit of grazing brings as a source of organic fertilizers, restoring the cycle of C, P, N. Cattle also contributes to the loosening of the soil, the destruction of ticks, and it participates in the change of the plant composition of the forest to more valuable types of trees and shrubs.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gray fund"

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Nylen, Emil, and Daniel Stolt. "CAPM - en vingklippt modell? : En kvantitativ studie om betavärdets påverkan på Sverigefonders avkastning." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-105910.

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Idag äger många svenskar andelar i olika fonder. Detta beror delvis på att det allmänna pensionssystemet i Sverige idag består av en premiepensionsdel, där individen kan göra ett individuellt val hur dennes pensionspengar ska investeras. Gemensamt för investerare är att de vill erhålla en god avkastning. Ett vanligt sätt att bedöma förväntad avkastning i en finansiell tillgång kallas Capital Asset Pricing Model, eller CAPM. Detta är en mycket behandlad, debatterad och även kritiserad modell. Förutom CAPM utgår studien från en nyare teori som heter Black Swan theory. År 2007 presenterade Taleb sin teori om Black Swan. Han menar att en Black Swan är en händelse som avviker från det normala, har långtgående effekter och som efteråt får naturliga förklaringar. Ett potentiellt Swan-fenomen är finanskrisen. Om nu finanskrisen kan räknas som ett Swan-fenomen innebär det att den finansiella verkligheten har förändrats. Om nu den finansiella världen har påverkats så finns det anledning att tro att även modeller och deras överensstämmelse med verkligheten har påverkats. Det är detta vi i denna studie ämnar att undersöka och mynnar därför ut i frågeställningen: Var CAPM en fungerande modell gällande Sverigefonder åren 2005-2014? Studiens syfte lyder enligt följande: Att undersöka hur väl CAPM:s prediktion av förväntad avkastning i Sverigefonder stämmer överens med den faktiska avkastningen. Vi vill också genom undersökningen se ifall denna överensstämmelse har förändrats under vår undersökningsperiod och ifall detta i sådana fall kan kopplas till ett potentiellt Swan-fenomen som finanskrisen. Med teoretisk utgångspunkt i modern portföljvalsteori, CAPM och Black Swan theory undersöks sambandet mellan betavärde och avkastning i Sverigefonder. Vi utgår från en positivistisk kunskapssyn och genom en deduktiv ansats genomförs en regressionsanalys för att svara på vår frågeställning. Det empiriska materialet består av månadsavkastning från de valda fonderna, riskfri ränta och marknadsindexets avkastning. I vår studie hade vi endast ett år med signifikant positivt samband mellan beta och avkastning (som försvann i och med heteroskedasticitet i datamaterialet). Vi hade däremot ett år med negativt signifikans (2014) samtidigt som en positiv marknad, vilket inte överensstämmer med tidigare empiriska undersökningar. Vissa år ser det ut som att det finns samband genom att grafiskt titta på våra figurer i resultatdelen, men det är även år där det motsatta förhållandet finns. Med resultaten och analysen i åtanke kan vi inte förkasta nollhypotesen 2005-2013 (det finns inget samband mellan beta och avkastning).
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Kowalewski, Damian. "Edge-based encoding of gray-scale images." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80305.

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This thesis explores image compression based on visual information contained within the edges. This work is based on an observation that not all the information contained within an image is used by the human brain. Previous works demonstrate methods for reconstructing images adequately using edge information. We exploit the fact that some components of the image can be removed while having little effect on human perception: this is the key basis for the compression developed in this thesis. We first construct compression preserving all the edge information extracted from the image. We then consider the impact of removing some of the edge information to further improve the compression ratio. We direct our attention to two types of information associated with edges: (1) its location and shape, (2) intensity and blur values on each side of the edge. First we propose a method to encode edge location and shape in a most efficient manner. We propose a measure of redundancy to remove edges carrying information already encoded in neighboring edges. Then we consider the compression of intensities and blur associated with each edge. Since the intensity information is quite noisy we show that we can remove the noise and reduce intensity functions to linear functions without significant impact on the quality of a reconstructed image. Finally we introduce a method to encode pattern information not included in edge information to improve the overall quality of the reconstructed image.
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Rault, Jasmine. "Eileen Gray : new angles on gender and sexuality." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102825.

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This dissertation investigates the early twentieth century work of Irish-born interior designer and architect, Eileen Gray. While the existing literature has tended to read Gray and her work primarily in relation to major male modernist movements and figures, this dissertation contends that considering her engagement with the alternative modernisms developed by other women artists and writers at the time will enrich our understanding of the wider social, cultural and historical implications of her work. In order to make sense of what scholars have long recognised as Gray's critically different architecture and design I analyse her work in relation to three of her female contemporaries: the artist Romaine Brooks, and writers Radclyffe Hall and Djuna Barnes. Such an analysis reveals that Gray's critically different work was importantly related to the critically different aesthetics, genders and sexualities that Gray and many of her female contemporaries cultivated at the time.
The first chapter argues that debates about domestic architecture and design were also importantly debates about modern bodies and subjects and provides the framework for the analyses that follow. Chapter 2 compares Gray's early lacquer works, La Voie Lactee (ca. 1912), Le Magicien de la Nuit (1913) and Le Destin (1914) to Romaine Brooks' two paintings from 1910, White Azaleas and The Screen, focusing on their use of decadent aesthetics. Chapter 3 considers Gray's first intricately designed house, E.1027 (1928), in relation to the content and cultural impact of Radclyffe Hall's 1928 novel, The Well of Loneliness. Chapter 4 examines Gray's extremely private and less known house, Tempe a Pailla (1934), in relation to the obscure and non-communicative narrative strategies of Djuna Barnes' 1936 novel, Nightwood. Overall, the argument that binds my dissertation is that Gray's work both contributed and responded to changing conceptions of gendered and sexual subjects in the first half of the last century.
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Höveler-Müller, Michael. "Funde aus dem Grab 88 der Qubbet el-Hawa bei Assuan : (die Bonner Bestände) /." Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41080917g.

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Aryee, Alberta Naa Ayeley. "Extraction, partial purification and characterization of the lipase fraction from the viscera of grey mullet (Mugil cephalus)." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97895.

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Lipase was partially purified from the viscera of grey mullet ( Mugil cephalus) by ammonium sulfate fractionation, simultaneous desalting, and concentration via ultrafiltration and then affinity chromatography on EAH-Sepharose 4B. The partially purified extract was characterized using p-nitrophenyl palmitate (rho-NPP) as substrate. Grey mullet lipase was active within the pH range of 7-10, with an optimum pH of 8.0, and was stable from pH 4-10. The enzyme was active within the temperature range of 20°C and 60°C, and exhibited an optimum for the hydrolysis of rho-NPP at 50°C. The enzyme was stable between 10-50°C, beyond which it lost activity progressively. At 50°C there was ca. 50% residual activity after 60 min incubation. However at 60°C, there was 22%, 20% and 0% remaining activity after 10, 30 and 60 min incubation respectively. Based on the temperature activity data, the activation energy for the hydrolysis of rho-NPP was calculated as 1.94 kcal/mol (8.15 kJ/mol).
The rho-nitrophenyl esters of medium to long chain fatty acid (C10-C16) served as good substrates with the order of ease of hydrolysis as; rho-NP-palmitate > rho-NP-myristate > rho-NP-caprate > rho-NP-caproate > rho-NP-butyrate > rho-NP-acetate. The Km' and Vmax for the hydrolysis of rho-NPP were 0.22 mM and 20 mumol min-1 mg-1 , respectively. The hydrolytic activity of the lipase was enhanced by Mg2+, Mn2+, NaN3, and EDTA, but strongly inhibited by Hg2+, and Cu2+. PMSF (1 mM), Ca2+ (1 mM and 10 mM) had no effect on grey mullet lipase activity. Lower concentrations (25-10% v/v) of water-miscible organic solvents (dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl formamide, iso-propanol, and methanol) had negligible effect on the activity of the lipase while higher concentrations (>50% v/v) completely inhibited the enzyme. The grey mullet lipase was remarkably stable in water-immiscible organic solvents (benzene, toluene, hexane, heptane, and isooctane). The water-immiscible solvents also activated the enzyme with hexane giving the most activation. Lower concentrations of trihydroxylated bile salts (sodium taurocholate, and sodium cholate) were more potent activators than the dihydroxylated bile salt (sodium deoxycholate). Sodium dodecyl sulfate at 1 mM, and Tween 80RTM at 1% had 6% and 12% stimulatory effect on the activity of the enzyme respectively, while 1% and 0.5% Triton RTM X-100 caused 67% and 40% inhibition, respectively.
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Mohr, Alexandra. "Use of a monoclonal antibody to detect gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) in strawberry." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33812.

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Gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea is the major cause of postharvest loss in strawberries. Detection of flower and fruit infections enables producers to make intelligent management decisions. A plate-trapped ELISA protocol using a Botrytis-specific monoclonal antibody (BC-12.CA4) was developed for the detection of Botrytis cinerea in strawberry flower receptacles and red fruits. Horseradish peroxidase, was chosen as enzyme conjugate because it gave lower background absorbance in disease-free samples. B. cinerea reference antigen (RAg) was isolated from strawberry. BC-12.CA4 was very sensitive to the RAg, detecting up to 6 mug/ml of RAg when mixed with strawberry extracts. The MAb did not show any reaction to Rhizopus sp., Mucor sp. and Penicillium sp. associated with strawberry. B. cinerea could be detected in receptacles two days after inoculation. Treatment of inoculated receptacles with paraquat speeded-up detection. Inoculated red fruit infection could be detected after three days of incubation. Disease in commercially-produced receptacles and red fruits were assessed visually and by ELISA. The ELISA detected B. cinerea in 95% of commercial flower samples, whereas the traditional visual method detected only 50 to 70%. No dramatic differences between methods were found for red fruits.
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Radhi, Ohood Aqeed. "Xenophagy in response to Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2018. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30530.

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Autophagy is an important process for cell survival in the human body, which plays a critical role in fighting infections. Some infections exploit the autophagic system and are often promoted by autophagy. Recent evidence has suggested that Staphylococcus aureus has specialised mechanisms to evade xenophagy, thus allowing bacterial survival and replication within autophagosomes, leading to eventual cell death. ULK1 is a serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role during the early steps of autophagosome biogenesis, but its roles during xenophagy following Staphylococcus aureus infection have been unclear. ULK1 represents an excellent candidate for drug targeting to control autophagy under various settings. This study aimed to investigate the role of autophagy in defence against two disease causing bacteria that are known for their ability to damage cells: Salmonella entericasv. Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus. A further aim was to study the role of the ULK1 complex in xenophagy following infection by Staphylococcus aureus and furthermore to test ULK1 inhibitors as a novel therapy to restrict MRSA infection in cells. In addition, in this project, CRISPR genetic selection approaches were developed, aimed to find new host cell genes required for Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium infection. The results indicated two different roles of autophagy: 1) to provide a protective niche for MRSA, and 2) to provide a mechanism to fight infection by Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium. Importantly, treatment of cells with a ULK1/2 small molecule inhibitor strongly inhibited cell killing following infection by MRSA. However, ULK1/2 inhibition made cells more sensitive to cell death following infection by Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium. Thus, ULK1 inhibitors may be a novel therapeutic method for fighting infection by MRSA.Also, in this project, we found that screening with a freely available CRISPR-Cas9 library successfully identified the host genes essential for the toxicity of cells by MRSA(NCTC8325) or Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium. This was confirmed byfunctional validation and may open the door for novel putative therapeutic targets in future.
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Ghosh, Alak 1970. "The identification of neurite growth inhibitory activity in the adult rat CNS gray matter." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23891.

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The aim of this work was to determine whether adult rat cerebral cortical gray matter membranes possess neurite growth inhibitory activity and to characterize this, if present.
Tissue culture substrates of detergent extracted cortical gray matter membrane proteins inhibited neurite outgrowth from NG108-15 cells. Cortical gray matter membranes also caused growth cone collapse of embryonic rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. The inhibitory activity was both heat and trypsin sensitive suggesting the involvement of protein(s). Western blots and enzyme treatments indicate that known inhibitors are unlikely to contribute to this activity. The activity did not bind specifically to either Concanavalin A, peanut agglutinin, or wheat germ agglutinin. Ion-exchange chromatographic separation of the extracts suggests the presence of multiple inhibitory molecules.
These results suggest that adult rat cortical gray matter contains neurite growth inhibitory activity, possibly due to contributions from several as yet uncharacterized inhibitory molecules.
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Hervieux, Meggy. "Factors affecting defoliation of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) by the pale-winged gray moth (Iridopsis ephyraria)." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106455.

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The main objective of this thesis was to study the possible factors that could explain the feeding preference of the pale-winged gray moth (PWG) (Iridopsis ephyraria) for the mid-lower crown of eastern hemlocks in south-west Nova Scotia. I first described egg and larval distribution between crown locations of mature hemlocks. I then focused on testing two hypotheses that could explain the pale-winged gray feeding preference for the foliage located in the mid-lower crown: (1) hygrothermal and (2) foliage quality hypotheses. My research shows that eggs and larvae were principally located in the mid-lower crown. This larval preference could partly explain the greatest defoliation in the mid-lower crown of mature hemlocks. Experimental and observational data revealed that both hygrothermal stress and foliage quality varied between crown locations and thus affected the PWG feeding preference. The disadvantages of heat and water stress in the upper crown, however, outweighed the benefits to feed on higher foliage quality which explains the PWG feeding preference for foliage in the mid-lower crown. Additional data on foliage age showed that larvae prefer to feed on current-year foliage presumably because this age-class had higher water and nitrogen content. This feeding preference may have helped larvae to survive in the upper crown where temperatures are warmer. This research adds to the literature on plant-insect interactions, allows a better understanding of the pale-winged gray moth natural history but mostly, informs us on the factors that affect PWG survival.
Récemment, la région sud-ouest de la Nouvelle-Écosse a été sévèrement touchée par l'arpenteuse à tâches (Iridopsis ephyraria), un lépidoptère s'attaquant principalement à la Pruche du Canada (Tsuga canadensis). L'objectif principal de ce mémoire était d'explorer les facteurs pouvant expliquer la préférence alimentaire de l'arpenteuse à tâches pour le feuillage retrouvé dans la couronne inférieure des pruches du Canada. En premier lieu, j'ai décrit la distribution des oeufs et des larves de l'arpenteuse à tâches entre les différentes strates des pruches matures. J'ai ensuite vérifié différentes hypothèses pouvant expliquer la distribution verticale de l'espèce dans la canopée : (1) la variation du microclimat (i.e. température et humidité) ainsi que (2) les changements dans la qualité du feuillage. Les oeufs et les larves de l'espèce étaient principalement localisés dans la partie inférieure de la canopée. La défoliation plus importante au niveau de la couronne inférieure des arbres matures pourrait, en partie, être expliquée par cette préférence chez les larves. Dans le chapitre 3, mes résultats ont démontré que le stress hydrique (stress causé par une température élevée et un faible taux d'humidité) ainsi que la qualité du feuillage ont influencé la préférence alimentaire de l'arpenteuse à tâches. Toutefois, les effets négatifs du stress hydrique ont davantage influencé la distribution finale de l'espèce dans les pruches du Canada comparativement aux effets reliés à la qualité du feuillage. De plus, mes données ont révélé que l'arpenteuse à tâches préfère se nourrir sur le feuillage de l'année courante qui comporte plus d'eau et d'azote. Cette préférence pour le feuillage de l'année courante pourrait favoriser la survie des larves retrouvées dans le haut de la canopée où le stress hydrique est supérieur. Ce projet a permis d'ajouter à la littérature scientifique de l'information sur les relations entre plantes et insectes. Ce mémoire permet aussi de comprendre davantage l'histoire naturelle de l'arpenteuse à tâches mais surtout, il nous informe sur les facteurs qui affectent la préférence alimentaire de l'espèce dans les pruches matures.
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Sulzbach, Carla. "David Zvi Hoffmann's Die Wichtigsten Instanzen gegen die Graf- Wellhausensche Hypothese : ("The main arguments against the Graf-Wellhausen hypothesis"):." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24106.

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It is the aim of Part I of this thesis, the Introduction, to introduce David Zvi Hoffmann (1843-1921) in his capacity of a Bible scholar and a critic of 19th century German biblical criticism. Ample attention will be devoted to Hoffmann's own background, his German environment as well as that of Wellhausen. This will cover Sections I and III of the Introduction respectively. In order to be able to place Hoffmann's work within the proper context, Section II of the Introduction will explore the history of the general critical reception of the Hebrew Bible in the various cultures and eras where it played a role as well as its interaction with intellectual developments. Part II contains an annotated translation of Hoffmann's attack on Wellhausen's "documentary hypothesis."
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Books on the topic "Gray fund"

1

S, Durham Roger, ed. The Blues in gray: The Civil War journal of William Daniel Dixon and the Republican Blues daybook. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2000.

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Llera, Florentino. Gescartera: La gran estafa. Guadalajara [Spain]: Ediciones Cordera, 2002.

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Gescartera: La gran estafa. [Guadalajara]: Ediciones Cordera, 2002.

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Karpinowitz, Abraham. Di geshikhṭe fun Ṿilner ger-tsedeḳ Graf Ṿalenṭin Poṭotsḳi. Tel-Aviv: Farlag Ṿilner Pinḳes, 1990.

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Karpinowitz, Abraham. Di geshikhṭe fun Ṿilner ger-tsedeḳ Graf Ṿalenṭin Poṭotsḳi. Tel-Aviv: Farlag Ṿilner Pinḳes, 1990.

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Egyptian rock-cut tombs. Princes Risborough: Shire, 1991.

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Graefe, E. Das Grab des Ibi, Obervermögenverwalters der Gottesgemahlin des Amun: (Thebanisches Grab Nr. 36) : Beschreibung und Rekonstruktionsversuche des Oberbaus, Funde aus dem Oberbau. Bruxelles: Fondation égyptologique reine Elisabeth, 1990.

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The life of Meresamun: A temple singer in ancient Egypt. Chicago, Ill: Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 2009.

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Butler, John R. The quest for Becket's bones: The mystery of the relics of St Thomas Becket of Canterbury. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995.

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Chandler. Fund Bus Com/Master Gram 350dos Pkg. McGraw-Hill Education, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Gray fund"

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Bicknell, John R. "The need for aversion agents for managing flying-foxes on crops and the difficulties in attracting research funds." In Managing the Grey-headed Flying-fox, 63–69. P.O. Box 20, Mosman NSW 2088, Australia: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/fs.2002.037.

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Paniagua-Zambrana, Narel Y., Rainer W. Bussmann, and Javier Echeverría. "Werneria aretioides Wedd. Werneria glaberrima Phil. Werneria heteroloba Wedd. Werneria nubigena Kunth Werneria pumila Kunth Werneria pygmaea Gillies ex Hook. & Arn. Xenophyllum ciliolatum (A. Gray) V.A. Funk Xenophyllum humile (Kunth) V.A. Funk Xenophyllum incisum (Phil.) V.A. Funk Xenophyllum poposum (Phil.) V.A. Funk Xenophyllum weddellii (Phil.) V.A. Funk Asteraceae." In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 1923–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28933-1_299.

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Paniagua-Zambrana, Narel Y., Rainer W. Bussmann, and Javier Echeverría. "Werneria aretioides Wedd. Werneria glaberrima Phil. Werneria heteroloba Wedd. Werneria nubigena Kunth Werneria pumila Kunth Werneria pygmaea Gillies ex Hook. & Arn. Xenophyllum ciliolatum (A. Gray) V.A. Funk Xenophyllum humile (Kunth) V.A. Funk Xenophyllum incisum (Phil.) V.A. Funk Xenophyllum poposum (Phil.) V.A. Funk Xenophyllum weddellii (Phil.) V.A. Funk Asteraceae." In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 1–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77093-2_299-1.

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"Evaluating the Gray Areas: Examples." In Hedge Fund Operational Due Diligence, 121–44. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119197485.ch5.

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Krell, Jonathan F. "From Ecohumor to Ecohumanism: Iegor Gran’s O.N.G! and L’Ecologie en bas de chez moi." In Ecocritics and Ecoskeptics, 175–92. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789622058.003.0008.

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Iegor Gran’s two humorous novels poke fun at the self-righteousness, opportunism, anti-humanism, catastrophism, and humorlessness of some environmentalists. More an ecoheretic than an ecosceptic, Gran provides a Rabelaisian and Voltairean critique of environmentalists who take themselves too seriously. O.N.G! recounts a ridiculous war between two NGOs forced to share office space. Despite their lofty ideals, everyday life proves too difficult to manage, and their relationship degenerates into a bloody war over such trifles as parking and bulletin board space. L’Écologie en bas de chez moi is above all a critique of Yann Arthus-Bertrand’s 2009 environmental film Home, which Gran denounces as paternalistic and opportunistic, comparing it unfavorably to Leni Riefenstahl’s Triumph of the Will, a documentary about Hitler’s 1934 Nuremberg Rally. Both are propaganda films featuring aerial photography and stirring music, but Gran finds Riefenstahl much more creative.
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Brynhildsvoll, Randi, Oddlaug Marie Lindgaard, and Kåre Robertsen. "ARTIKKEL 3 Studentaktivitet i nettbasert undervisning med Team-Based Learning som lærings- og undervisningsstrategi." In Studentaktiv læring – praksisnær undervisning i høyere utdanning, 95–121. Cappelen Damm Akademisk/NOASP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/noasp.72.ch3.

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Nettbasert undervisning får stor oppmerksomhet, og fremheves både som et satsingsområde fra myndighetenes side og som et behov fra brukernes side. Denne artikkelen rapporterer funn fra et forskningsprosjekt hvor undervisning som normalt gjøres ved stedlig studiested, gjøres nettbasert. Forskningsprosjektet blir utført med et kull studenter ved en videreutdanning for trafikklærer tunge kjøretøy ved Faggruppe Trafikk, Handelshøgskolen, Nord universitet. Det tar utgangspunkt i å fremme studentaktivitet i nettbasert undervisning med Team-Based Learning som lærings- og undervisningsstrategi. Funn viser at læring på nett kan gjøres med stor grad av studentaktivitet. Det forutsetter at underviser har tilstrekkelig digital kompetanse, kompetanse innen nettpedagogikk, og velger et læringsdesign som skaper studentaktivitet. Det krever også at universitetet har et støtteapparat for digital læring med god nok kapasitet.
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Frick, Jan, and Jens Myrup Pedersen. "Dynamic Content in Future Internet Opportunities Grad Course." In Evaluating Media Richness in Organizational Learning, 99–114. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2956-9.ch006.

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The Colibri project partners started out in 2014 to make an Erasmus+ strategic partnership project titled “Collaboration and Innovation for Better, Personalized and IT-Supported Teaching” (Colibri) (http://www.tuhh.de/colibri/home.html). The overall idea is to implement new and innovative teaching methods with students from different universities for needs and challenges faced in higher education in general and within the combination of the ICT domain and entrepreneurship in particular. Erasmus+ funds the Colibri project. A course is developed between seven universities, based on a variety of rich and digital content: Videos, quizzes, articles to read, assignments, etc. In addition to making it all available on online platforms, we are also experimenting with making it available offline as e-books. This has several advantages, e.g. it can be accessed offline, and it is not depending on platforms that can host it. Another interesting potential of e-books is that they can be generated to suit the needs of the individual learner.
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Melo Salazar, Antonio. "José María Dionisio Melo y Ortiz. Una lucha que trasciende épocas." In Tolimenses que dejan huella. Volumen 6, 13–33. Ediciones Unibagué, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35707/tol/601.

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Crónica periodística de José María Dionisio Melo y Ortiz, publicada en el VI volumen de Tolimenses que dejan huella. Militar tolimense nacido el 9 de octubre de 1800 en Chaparral (Tolima). Tras enlistarse en el Ejército Libertador participó en la primera línea de toda la gesta con la que las fuerzas de la Gran Colombia y Perú, al mando de Bolívar, Santander y Sucre, procedieron a terminar con los rezagos del imperio español en América del Sur. En 1852 fue nombrado jefe de la Segunda División del Ejército y comandante general en el departamento de Cundinamarca y funda el periódico El Orden. Al final del camino llegó a México a engrosar las fuerzas de Benito Juárez, quien le otorgó el beneplácito por cuenta de los destacados antecedentes del general colombiano. A los 60 años terminó la vida del legendario guerrero que luchó sin pausa por la independencia de las naciones hispanoamericanas y fue un decidido defensor de los intereses populares de un continente en formación.
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Jones, Lise Øen, and Elisabeth Hesjedal. "Lærerens rolle og elevens medvirkning i den spesialpedagogiske tiltakskjede." In Fra barnehage til voksenliv, 121–39. Novus forlag, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.52145/sbxk7066.

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Artikkelen undersøker lærerens rolle i den spesialpedagogiske tiltakskjeden og videre hvordan elevens medvirkning kan inkluderes i denne prosessen. Tiltakskjeden består av seks faser hvor lærerens rolle er særlig viktig i første, femte og sjette fase. Med utgangspunkt i Lindensjö & Lundgrens (2000) begreper formulering- og realiseringsarenaen, vil vi gjennom et litteratursøk undersøke hva sentrale dokumenter og forskning sier om lærerens rolle og ansvar i den spesialpedagogiske tiltakskjede. Formuleringsarenaen handler om intensjoner og føringer i eksempelvis offentlige styringsdokumenter, mens realiseringsarenaen viser til hvordan disse intensjonene blir iverksatt. I diskusjonsdelen brukes en modell inspirert av Lindensjö og Lundgren (2000) som en analytisk linse for å diskutere artikkelens problemstilling sammen med resultater fra litteratursøket. Våre funn viser at lærernes rolle og ansvar, og elevens medvirkning i liten grad er løftet frem i tiltakskjeden. Resultatet viser at fokus i utvalgte dokumenter og forskingslitteratur har vært/er mer rettet mot saksgang og prosedyrer enn mot lærers rolle, ansvar og barns medvirkning i denne prosessen.
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SILVA, Eliane Pereira da, and Alexandre José Barboza dos SANTOS. "FUNDO MUNICIPAL PREVIDÊNCIARIO DE TIMBAÚBA: UMA ANÁLISE DO GRAU DE SATISFAÇÃO DOS BENEFICIARIOS NOS ATENDIMENTOS." In GESTÃO PÚBLICA: ENSAIOS TEÓRICOS. Rfb Editora, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46898/rfb.9786599152498.5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Gray fund"

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Zheng, Zhepeng, and Jianzhong Chen. "An analysis method of medical insurance fund risk based on Gray GM(1,1) model and classical risk model." In International Conference on Information Engineering. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/icie131302.

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Heng, Jiang. "Analysis of risk management strategy for enterprise annuity fund in China." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Grey Systems and Intelligent Services (GSIS 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gsis.2009.5408185.

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Geng, Liyan, and Hui Wang. "Grey adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system for fund volatility forecasting." In 2010 Seventh International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fskd.2010.5569113.

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Zhigeng Fang, Xin Wu, Sifeng Liu, Aiqing Ruan, and Hongxing Shi. "Research on the model of counterpart fund from local government for technology import." In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Grey Systems and Intelligent Services. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gsis.2007.4443513.

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Zhigeng, Fang, Yang Baohua, and Lian Zhengwei. "Study on optimization model of supporting fund for social benefit maximum based on technology introduction." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Grey Systems and Intelligent Services (GSIS 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gsis.2009.5408020.

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Gurskis, Vincas, and Viktorija Zujavičienė. "INFLUENCE OF BUILDINGS EXTERIOR ON THE LANDSCAPE OF THE NEMUNAS DELTA REGIONAL PARK." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.051.

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Protected areas were established in Lithuania in order to preserve not only the natural and cultural heritage, landscape and biodiversity, but the landscape and ecological balance, the genetic fund, to restore the natural resources and to provide educational recreation, research and environmental monitoring as well as the promotion of natural and cultural heritage protection. The Nemunas Delta Regional Park was established to preserve the lower Nemunas landscape, the natural ecosystem and cultural heritage values, and manage them rationally. Protected areas residents seek to reconstruct, modernize the existing buildings, in such a way the landscape is being changing. The evaluation of the structures belonging to one hundred park’s homesteads showed that the existing older buildings roof covering is from grey asbestos slates (56 %). In recent years, ceramic tiles and non-asbestos slates are being increasingly used as roofing material, wood (characteristic for grey colour) is usually used for building wall decoration (48 %). These colours correspond to the regulated by the park management regulations. The Regional Park landscape is blemished by the ruins of abandoned buildings, individual illegal structures, unsuitable colours selected for building exteriors decoration, the recommended window division into four or six sections is not being kept to.
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Xu, Jing, ZhiGeng Fang, SiFeng Liu, and HongZhuan Chen. "Template game analysis of supervision on research funds of colleges and universities in China." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Grey Systems and Intelligent Services (GSIS 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gsis.2009.5408088.

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Keshen Jiang and Junlong Wu. "An analysis of gap of funds supply and demand of region a based on GM (1, 1) model." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Grey Systems and Intelligent Services (GSIS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gsis.2015.7301876.

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Han-Sen Lin, Mei-Ling Chen, Chia-Chang Tong, and Jiang-Whai Dai. "Using grey and RBFNN to predict the net asset value of single nation equity funds-a case study of Taiwan, US, and Japan." In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Grey Systems and Intelligent Services. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gsis.2007.4443402.

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HongZhuan Chen, Jing Xu, LiFang He, and Ye Chen. "Category of inter-grey non-symmetric evolutionary game chain model of supervision on research funds of colleges and universities." In 2010 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics - SMC. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2010.5642252.

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Reports on the topic "Gray fund"

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Clive, Rachel, Neil Jackson, and Philip Nicholson. Report on Chancellor’s Fund The Green-Blue-Grey Campus/Rain Garden Project. University of Glasgow, September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36399/gla.pubs.197357.

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Hilbrecht, Margo, Sally M. Gainsbury, Nassim Tabri, Michael J. A. Wohl, Silas Xuereb, Jeffrey L. Derevensky, Simone N. Rodda, McKnight Sheila, Voll Jess, and Gottvald Brittany. Prevention and education evidence review: Gambling-related harm. Edited by Margo Hilbrecht. Greo, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33684/2021.006.

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This report supports an evidence-based approach to the prevention and education objective of the National Strategy to Reduce Harm from Gambling. Applying a public health policy lens, it considers three levels of measures: universal (for the benefit of the whole population), selective (for the benefit of at-risk groups), and indicated (for the benefit of at-risk individuals). Six measures are reviewed by drawing upon a range of evidence in the academic and grey literature. The universal level measures are “Regulatory restriction on how gambling is provided” and “Population-based safer gambling/responsible gambling efforts.” Selective measures focus on age cohorts in a chapter entitled, “Targeted safer gambling campaigns for children, youth, and older adults.” The indicated measures are “Brief internet delivered interventions for gambling,” “Systems and tools that produced actual (‘hard’) barriers and limit access to funds,” and “Self-exclusion.” Since the quantity and quality of the evidence base varied by measure, appropriate review methods were selected to assess publications using a systematic, scoping, or narrative approach. Some measures offered consistent findings regarding the effectiveness of interventions and initiatives, while others were less clear. Unintended consequences were noted since it is important to be aware of unanticipated, negative consequences resulting from prevention and education activities. After reviewing the evidence, authors identified knowledge gaps that require further research, and provided guidance for how the findings could be used to enhance the prevention and education objective. The research evidence is supplemented by consultations with third sector charity representatives who design and implement gambling harm prevention and education programmes. Their insights and experiences enhance, support, or challenge the academic evidence base, and are shared in a separate chapter. Overall, research evidence is limited for many of the measures. Quality assessments suggest that improvements are needed to support policy decisions more fully. Still, opportunities exist to advance evidence-based policy for an effective gambling harm prevention and education plan.
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