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Journal articles on the topic 'Grazing resistance'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Lürling, Miquel. "Grazing resistance in phytoplankton." Hydrobiologia 848, no. 1 (August 11, 2020): 237–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04370-3.

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AbstractPhytoplankton is confronted with a variable assemblage of zooplankton grazers that create a strong selection pressure for traits that reduce mortality. Phytoplankton is, however, also challenged to remain suspended and to acquire sufficient resources for growth. Consequently, phytoplanktic organisms have evolved a variety of strategies to survive in a variable environment. An overview is presented of the various phytoplankton defense strategies, and costs and benefits of phytoplankton defenses with a zooming in on grazer-induced colony formation. The trade-off between phytoplankton com

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2

Moore, Peter D. "Evolutionary ecology: Toxins and grazing resistance." Nature 324, no. 6096 (December 1986): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/324410a0.

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van Donk, Ellen, and Dag O. Hessen. "Grazing resistance in nutrient-stressed phytoplankton." Oecologia 93, no. 4 (April 1993): 508–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00328958.

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4

Benot, Marie-Lise, Cendrine Mony, Jan Lepš, Laurent Penet, and Anne Bonis. "Are clonal traits and their response to defoliation good predictors of grazing resistance?" Botany 91, no. 2 (February 2013): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2012-0100.

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Grazing resistance in plants, which can be defined as the ability to grow and reproduce under grazed conditions, is either associated to defoliation avoidance or tolerance. Clonal traits are often neglected when studying functional responses to grazing, despite frequent occurrence in grassland vegetation. We investigated whether clonal traits and response to defoliation were associated to increased grazing resistance. First, grazing resistance was estimated for eight clonal species using abundance patterns in a long-term field study. We then analysed its correlation with traits in undisturbed

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Liebig, M. A., J. R. Hendrickson, J. D. Berdahl, and J. F. Karn. "Soil resistance under grazed intermediate wheatgrass." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 88, no. 5 (November 1, 2008): 833–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss08016.

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Intermediate wheatgrass [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkw. & D.R. Dewey subsp. intermedium] is a productive, high-quality perennial forage that lacks persistence under grazing. A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of three grazing times on soil bulk density, soil pH, and soil organic C under intermediate wheatgrass. Treatment effects on the three soil attributes were negligible, implying grazing time did not negatively impact intermediate wheatgrass beyond a threshold whereby critical soil functions were impaired. Findings from this study are important in the context of sustain

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NAETH, M. A., D. J. PLUTH, D. S. CHANASYK, A. W. BAILEY, and A. W. FEDKENHEUER. "SOIL COMPACTING IMPACTS OF GRAZING IN MIXED PRAIRIE AND FESCUE GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEMS OF ALBERTA." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 70, no. 2 (May 1, 1990): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss90-018.

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The impacts of long-term grazing on compaction were assessed in mixed prairie and fescue grassland ecosystems of Alberta. Grazing regimes were of light to very heavy intensities, grazed early, late, and continuously during the growing season. Bulk density was measured with a surface moisture/density gauge and a combination moisture/density probe to 65 cm. Penetration resistance to 30 cm was measured with a cone penetrometer. Solonetzic soils were less sensitive to compaction under grazing than Chernozemic soils. Heavy intensity and/or early season grazing had greater impacts on compaction than

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Tarao, Mitsunori, Jan Jezbera, and Martin W. Hahn. "Involvement of Cell Surface Structures in Size-Independent Grazing Resistance of Freshwater Actinobacteria." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 14 (June 5, 2009): 4720–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00251-09.

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ABSTRACT We compared the influences of grazing by the bacterivorous nanoflagellate Poterioochromonas sp. strain DS on ultramicrobacterial Actinobacteria affiliated with the Luna-2 cluster and ultramicrobacterial Betaproteobacteria of the species Polynucleobacter cosmopolitanus. These bacteria were almost identical in size (<0.1 μm3) and shape. Predation on a Polynucleobacter strain resulted in a reduction of >86% relative to the initial bacterial cell numbers within 20 days, while in comparable predation experiments with nine actinobacterial strains, no significant decrease of cell numbe

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8

Rodd, A. V., Y. A. Papadopoulos, L. F. Laflamme, K. B. McRae, S. A. E. Fillmore, and R. W. Wilson. "Effect of rotational grazing on selected physical properties of a Gleyed Brunisolic Gray Luvisol loam in Nova Scotia." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 79, no. 1 (February 1, 1999): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s97-094.

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Low organic matter content and weak soil structure, combined with high annual precipitation, make the soils of the Maritime Provinces extremely susceptible to compaction. Although many pasture studies have been conducted in the Maritime Provinces, none has investigated the impact of pasturing cattle on soil physical properties. Soil properties such as resistance to penetration, bulk density and hydraulic conductivity were monitored on pasture swards receiving various rotational-grazing intensities. These parameters were measured concomitantly on traffic-free areas that had been harvested as co

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9

Chanasyk, David S., and M. Anne Naeth. "Grazing impacts on bulk density and soil strength in the foothills fescue grasslands of Alberta, Canada." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 75, no. 4 (November 1, 1995): 551–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss95-078.

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Alberta foothills fescue grasslands are very productive ecosystems but there is concern that the traditional season-long (continuous) grazing regimes may be leading to soil deterioration due to compaction and increased soil strength. The objectives of this study were to quantify grazing effects on soil bulk density and soil strength of sloped areas in the Alberta foothills fescue grasslands at the Agriculture Canada Stavely Range Substation. The effects of two grazing intensities (heavy and very heavy) for two treatments (short duration and continuous) on these two parameters were compared to

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10

Kornele, Michelle L., Melanie J. McLean, Anna E. O'Brien, and Aimée M. Phillippi-Taylor. "Antiparasitic resistance and grazing livestock in the United States." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 244, no. 9 (May 2014): 1020–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.244.9.1020.

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11

Pajdak-Stós, Agnieszka, Edyta Fiałkowska, Janusz Fyda, and Roman Babko. "Resistance of nitrifiers inhabiting activated sludge to ciliate grazing." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 3 (February 1, 2010): 573–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.868.

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We monitored the succession of nitrifiers in a ne.wly opened wastewater treatment plant for five weeks. After the first distinct decrease in total nitrogen, we began monitoring the appearance, size and number of nitrifying bacteria colonies using the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method. Ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) colonies were visualized under green excitation as red, and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) colonies were visualized under blue excitation as green. The changes in protozoan community were monitored simultaneously. Ciliates were divided into four functional groups:

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12

Griffiths, Wendy M., and Iain J. Gordon. "Sward structural resistance and biting effort in grazing ruminants." Animal Research 52, no. 2 (March 2003): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/animres:2003012.

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13

Oom, Sander P., Alison J. Hester, and Colin J. Legg. "Grazing across grass:shrub boundaries: Can spatial heterogeneity increase resistance?" Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 139, no. 1-2 (October 15, 2010): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.07.014.

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14

Mapfumo, E., D. S. Chanasyk, M. A. Naeth, and V. S. Baron. "Soil compaction under grazing of annual and perennial forages." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 79, no. 1 (February 1, 1999): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s97-100.

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This study investigated the impact of heavy, medium and light grazing of meadow bromegrass an triticale on soil bulk density, relative compaction and penetration resistance. The study was conducted at Lacombe, Alberta, on a Orthic Black Chernozem of loam to silt loam texture. Sampling was conducted in fall 1995, spring 1996, fall 1996 and spring 1997. Core samples to a 15-cm depth were collected for measurement of bulk density and moisture content. Penetration resistance to 15 cm was measured with a hand-pushed cone penetrometer. The standard Proctor test was used to determine maximum bulk den

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15

Lodge, GM. "Management practices and other factors contributing to the decline in persistence of grazed lucerne in temperate Australia: a review." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 31, no. 5 (1991): 713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9910713.

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The literature relevant to the grazing management of lucerne in temperate Australia is reviewed with emphasis on the factors likely to affect its persistence. Knowledge of lucerne physiology is used to question the validity of the traditional methods of managing grazed stands, which rely mainly on using 10% flowering as a guide to root carbohydrate levels. From these data several alternative management guidelines are proposed that may lead to increased persistence; however, for long-term persistence, there is little doubt that lucerne needs to be grazed leniently and at a late stage of maturit

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Krzic, Maja, Sarah F. Lamagna, Reg F. Newman, Gary Bradfield, and Brian M. Wallace. "Long-term grazing effects on rough fescue grassland soils in southern British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 94, no. 3 (August 2014): 337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss2013-019.

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Krzic, M., Lamagna, S. F., Newman, R. F., Bradfield, G. and Wallace, B. M. 2014. Long-term grazing effects on rough fescue grassland soils in southern British Columbia. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 337–345. Rough fescue (Festuca campestris Rydb.) is a highly palatable forage species with little resistance to continuous grazing. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of long-term cattle grazing on soil properties, above-ground biomass, and canopy cover of key grass species on rough fescue grasslands in the southern interior British Columbia. Soil and vegetation properties were determi

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17

van den Honert, Michaela Sannettha, Pieter Andries Gouws, and Louwrens Christiaan Hoffman. "Escherichia coli Antibiotic Resistance Patterns from Co-Grazing and Non-Co-Grazing Livestock and Wildlife Species from Two Farms in the Western Cape, South Africa." Antibiotics 10, no. 6 (May 22, 2021): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10060618.

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Although limited, studies have found conflicting results on whether co-grazing results in significant antibiotic resistance transfer between species. This type of farming system can act as a vector in the geographical spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic-resistant patterns between co-grazing and non-co-grazing livestock and wildlife species in South Africa. Escherichia coli was isolated from the faeces of various wildlife and livestock species from two farms in South Africa and was tested for antibiotic resistance usi

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Neilly, Heather, Eric J. Nordberg, Jeremy VanDerWal, and Lin Schwarzkopf. "Arboreality increases reptile community resistance to disturbance from livestock grazing." Journal of Applied Ecology 55, no. 2 (September 7, 2017): 786–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12982.

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19

Evans, C. R. W., M. Krzic, K. Broersma, and D. J. Thompson. "Long-term grazing effects on grassland soil properties in southern British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 92, no. 4 (May 2012): 685–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss2011-070.

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Evans, C. R. W., Krzic, M., Broersma, K. and Thompson, D. J. 2012. Long-term grazing effects on grassland soil properties in southern British Columbia. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 685–693. Although grazing effects on soil properties have been evaluated on various temperate grasslands, no study has dealt with these effects in the southern interior of British Columbia. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of spring versus fall season grazing as well as grazing [at a moderate rate of 0.6 animal unit months (AUM) ha−1] versus non-grazing by beef cattle on selected soil properties. Ef

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20

Leão, Tairone Paiva, and Álvaro Pires da Silva. "A statistical basis for selecting parameters for the evaluation of soil penetration resistance." Scientia Agricola 63, no. 6 (December 2006): 552–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162006000600007.

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Measurements of soil penetration resistance (SR) have been frequently used for the evaluation of soil structural quality for plant growth. However, different data analysis approaches have been used, without a previous evaluation of their statistical quality. In this study we tested the hypothesis that the mean is the parameter with best statistical properties to evaluate alterations in soil penetration resistance in response to soil use and management, as compared to other SR statistical parameters. Undisturbed (5 × 5 cm) soil cores were collected from three sampling sites with different degre

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21

Taddese, G., M. A. Mohamed Saleem, and W. Ayalneh. "Effect of livestock grazing on physical properties of a cracking and self-mulching Vertisol." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 42, no. 2 (2002): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea00155.

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The impact of grazing on physical properties of Vertisol was studied from 1996 to 2000 in the Ethiopian highlands. The study was conducted at 2 sites with 0–4 and 4–8% slopes at Tero Jemjem watershed in Ginchi, 80 km west of Addis Ababa. The objective of the study was to compare selected soil physical properties at different grazing pressures and slopes. The stocking rate was moderate grazing 1.8 animal-unit months per hectare (1.8 AUM/ha), heavy grazing 3.0 AUM/ha and a control treatment with no grazing. The result showed that heavy grazing pressure removed grass cover, which consequently enh

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22

Neiva Júnior, Eudes, Wellington Willian Rocha, Bruno Silva Pires, Múcio Mágno de Melo Farnezi, Moacir de Souza Dias Junior, Danilo Fernandes Borges de Freitas, Enilson de Barros Silva, and Gianniini Alexsandra de Oliveira Carvalho. "COMPRESSIBLITY AND PENETRABILITY OF LATOSSOLO VERMELHO-AMARELO DISTRÓFICO (OXISOL) UNDER VARIED MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND LAND USES." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 39, no. 1 (February 2015): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01000683rbcs20150032.

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Soil compaction is one of the main degradation causes, provoked by inappropriate agricultural practices that override the limitations of the soil physical properties. Preconsolidation pressure and penetration resistance have proved effective as alternative to assess and identify soil compaction. Based on the interpretation of these physico-mechanical parameters, compaction can be prevented with a better adjusted soil management. This study was performed to generate preconsolidation pressure and penetration resistance models for Latososlo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico (Oxisol) under various manag

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23

Adiba, Sandrine, Clément Nizak, Minus van Baalen, Erick Denamur, and Frantz Depaulis. "From Grazing Resistance to Pathogenesis: The Coincidental Evolution of Virulence Factors." PLoS ONE 5, no. 8 (August 11, 2010): e11882. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0011882.

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Erken, Martina, Markus Weitere, Staffan Kjelleberg, and Diane McDougald. "In situ grazing resistance of Vibrio cholerae in the marine environment." FEMS Microbiology Ecology 76, no. 3 (March 1, 2011): 504–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01067.x.

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Sarnelle, Orlando. "Daphnia as keystone predators: effects on phytoplankton diversity and grazing resistance." Journal of Plankton Research 27, no. 12 (December 1, 2005): 1229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbi086.

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Taylor, Richard B., Erik Sotka, and Mark E. Hay. "Tissue-specific induction of herbivore resistance: seaweed response to amphipod grazing." Oecologia 132, no. 1 (June 2002): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-002-0944-2.

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NAKAMURA, Kanji, and Masao FUKUDA. "BACTERIAL GRAZING-RESISTANCE DEVELOPED DURING CO-EXISTENCE WITH A BACTERIVOROUS PROTIST." Journal of JSCE 9, no. 1 (2021): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.9.1_86.

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Scheffer-Basso, Simone Meredith, and Andreissi Mileski Muniz. "Grazing resistance mechanisms in alfalfas of different aptitude in the juvenile stage." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 39, no. 8 (August 2010): 1684–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982010000800009.

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This study aimed at verifying whether juvenile plants of alfalfa cultivars with different aptitude (grazingtype: Alfagraze and ABT 805; hay-type: Crioula) show morphophysiological differences in order to develop a protocol for early selection for grazing persistence. Two experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, in completely randomized design and three repeplicates. In Experiment 1, plants were evaluated from successive destructive harvests at 60, 90, 120 and 150 days of age. In Experiment 2, plants at 150 days of age were cut to a 10-cm stubble and harvested at 15 and 30 days of regrowth.

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Zheng, S. X., W. H. Li, Z. C. Lan, H. Y. Ren, K. B. Wang, and Y. F. Bai. "Testing functional trait-based mechanisms underpinning plant responses to grazing and linkages to ecosystem functioning in grasslands." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 9 (September 10, 2014): 13157–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-13157-2014.

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Abstract. Abundant evidence has shown that grazing alters plant functional traits, ecological strategies, community structure, and ecosystem functioning of grasslands. Few studies, however, have examined how plant responses to grazing are mediated by resource availability and functional group identity. We test functional trait-based mechanisms underlying the responses of different life forms to grazing and linkages to ecosystem functioning along a soil moisture gradient in the Inner Mongolia grassland. A principal component analysis (PCA) based on 9 traits × 276 species matrix showed that the

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Franzluebbers, Alan J., John A. Stuedemann, and Dorcas H. Franklin. "Water infiltration and surface-soil structural properties as influenced by animal traffic in the Southern Piedmont USA." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 27, no. 4 (August 26, 2011): 256–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170511000378.

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AbstractSurface-soil structural condition in perennial pastures is expected to be modified by how forage is (a) harvested through haying or grazing and (b) stimulated through source of nutrients applied, as well as by compactive forces, e.g., grazing cattle or hay harvest machinery. Changes in surface-soil condition can affect hydrologic processes that have important implications for plant growth, greenhouse gas emissions and off-site water quality. We determined the effects of harvest management and nutrient source on the rate of ponded water infiltration and penetration resistance in a bermu

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Katepa-Mupondwa, F., A. Singh, S. R. Smith Jr., and W. P. McCaughey. "Grazing tolerance of alfalfa (Medicago spp.) under continuous and rotational stocking systems in pure stands and in mixture with meadow bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rehm. syn. B. biebersteinii Roem & Schult)." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 82, no. 2 (April 1, 2002): 337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p00-017.

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The continuing development of adapted alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars that combine high yield, disease resistance, winterhardiness, and grazing tolerance is of great value to the beef cattle industry in western Canada. This study evaluated alternative management strategies and plant measurements for assessing the grazing tolerance of alfalfa cultivars over 3 yr. Seven hay-type, four pasture-type, and one dual-purpose (hay or graze) cultivars were established in pure stands and in mixture with meadow bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rehm. syn.B. biebersteinii Roem & Schult). Stands were d

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Beukes, D. E., K. L. Glennon, and S. Archibald. "Consequences of grazing resistance adaptations for Rhodohypoxis baurii var. platypetala population genetics." South African Journal of Botany 115 (March 2018): 316–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2018.02.148.

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Sun, Shuyang, Qi Xiang Martin Tay, Staffan Kjelleberg, Scott A. Rice, and Diane McDougald. "Quorum sensing-regulated chitin metabolism provides grazing resistance to Vibrio cholerae biofilms." ISME Journal 9, no. 8 (January 23, 2015): 1812–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2014.265.

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Ahmed, Haseeb, Douglas R. Call, Robert J. Quinlan, and Jonathan K. Yoder. "Relationships between livestock grazing practices, disease risk, and antimicrobial use among East African Agropastoralists." Environment and Development Economics 23, no. 1 (October 23, 2017): 80–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x17000341.

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AbstractLivestock health is economically important for agropastoral households whose wealth is held partly as livestock. Households can invest in disease prevention and treatment, but livestock disease risk is also affected by grazing practices that result in inter-herd contact and disease transmission in regions with endemic communicable diseases. This paper examines the relationships between communal grazing and antimicrobial use in Maasai, Chagga and Arusha households in northern Tanzania. We develop a theoretical model of the economic connection between communal grazing, disease transmissi

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Puk, LD, N. Cernohorsky, A. Marshell, J. Dwyer, K. Wolfe, and PJ Mumby. "Species-specific effects of herbivorous fishes on the establishment of the macroalga Lobophora on coral reefs." Marine Ecology Progress Series 637 (March 5, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13262.

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Herbivory is a key ecosystem function that influences ecosystem trajectories. However, interactions between plants and herbivores are species-specific and change throughout the plants’ lifetime. On coral reefs, herbivorous fishes reduce competition between corals and macroalgae through their grazing activity, thereby regulating the ecosystem state. Grazing vulnerability of marine algae generally decreases with increasing algal size. Therefore, the removal of newly settled recruits by herbivorous fish is likely important in preventing macroalgal blooms and reducing competition with corals. We s

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Ma, Wenjing, Jin Li, Saheed Olaide Jimoh, Yujuan Zhang, Fenghui Guo, Yong Ding, Xiliang Li, and Xiangyang Hou. "Stoichiometric ratios support plant adaption to grazing moderated by soil nutrients and root enzymes." PeerJ 7 (June 10, 2019): e7047. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7047.

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Background Vegetation succession is one of the major driving processes of grassland degradation. Stoichiometry significantly contributes to vegetation dynamics. However, a knowledge gap exists in how soil nutrients and root enzymes influence the stoichiometric ratio to affect vegetation dynamics. Methods To address these questions, we selected a dominant species (Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel.) and a degraded-dominant species (Artemisia frigida Willd.) under different management regimes (enclosure and grazing) on the Inner Mongolia steppe. We measured (i) plant nutrient concentrations, (ii) r

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Li, Si, and Stefanie M. H. Ismar. "Transcriptome, Biochemical and Growth Responses of the Marine Phytoplankter Phaeodactylum Tricornutum Bohlin (Bacillariophyta) to Copepod Grazer Presence." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 46, no. 3 (2018): 1091–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000488839.

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Background/Aims: As a model organism for a pleiomorphic marine planktonic primary producer, Phaeodactylum tricornutum has been studied on a molecular level under diverse cultural conditions. But little is known about its morphological, nutritional or transcriptomic responses under grazing stress. Methods: To assess microalgal molecular and cellular responses to grazer presence, we conducted transcriptome profiling in combination with growth rate, biovolume, fatty acid content, carbon and nitrogen content measurements in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. RNA-sequencing was used to eva

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Döll, Katharina, Subhankar Chatterjee, Stefan Scheu, Petr Karlovsky, and Marko Rohlfs. "Fungal metabolic plasticity and sexual development mediate induced resistance to arthropod fungivory." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 280, no. 1771 (November 22, 2013): 20131219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.1219.

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Prey organisms do not tolerate predator attack passively but react with a multitude of inducible defensive strategies. Although inducible defence strategies are well known in plants attacked by herbivorous insects, induced resistance of fungi against fungivorous animals is largely unknown. Resistance to fungivory is thought to be mediated by chemical properties of fungal tissue, i.e. by production of toxic secondary metabolites. However, whether fungi change their secondary metabolite composition to increase resistance against arthropod fungivory is unknown. We demonstrate that grazing by a so

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Omokanye, Akim, Calvin Yoder, Lekshmi Sreekumar, Liisa Vihvelin, and Monika Benoit. "On-farm Assessments of Pasture Rejuvenation Methods on Soil Quality Indicators in Northern Alberta (Canada)." Sustainable Agriculture Research 7, no. 2 (April 18, 2018): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v7n2p74.

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The study was aimed at providing livestock producers with options on practical methods to improve soil quality of pastures for improved forage production and livestock carrying capacity. The study was carried out on-farm from 2015 to 2017 at two sites in northern Alberta, Canada. The methods of rejuvenation (treatments) evaluated were: sub-soiling, break & re-seed (pasture renewal), a combination of manure application plus subsoiling, pasture rest, inorganic fertilizer application, high stock density grazing and bale grazing. A check/control treatment was included for comparison. For break

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Veiga, Milton Da, Carla Maria Pandolfo, Alvadi Antonio Balbinot Junior, and Leandro Durigon. "Effects on Soil and Crop Properties of Forms of Sowing, Deferral Intervals and Fertilisation of the Annual Winter Forage in a Crop-Livestock Integration System." Journal of Agricultural Science 8, no. 5 (April 13, 2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v8n5p15.

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<p>The use of cropland to grow annual winter forages that are managed using direct grazing can affect the quality of the soil and the yield of summer crops grown in succession. This study aimed to evaluate the effect that the form of sowing (direct sowing and sowing + harrowing), the deferral intervals (ungrazed and grazing stopped at 14 days and 28 days before and on the day of forage desiccation) and the fertilisation of the annual winter forage (with and without application of 8 m<sup>3</sup> ha<sup>-1</sup> of poultry litter) had on the chemical properties of

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Yan, Dongqing, Jing Ren, Jiamei Liu, Yu Ding, and Jianming Niu. "De novo assembly, annotation, marker discovery, and genetic diversity of the Stipa breviflora Griseb. (Poaceae) response to grazing." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 22, 2020): e0244222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244222.

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Grassland is one of the most widely-distributed ecosystems on Earth and provides a variety of ecosystem services. Grasslands, however, currently suffer from severe degradation induced by human activities, overgrazing pressure and climate change. In the present study, we explored the transcriptome response of Stipa breviflora, a dominant species in the desert steppe, to grazing through transcriptome sequencing, the development of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and analysis of genetic diversity. De novo assembly produced 111,018 unigenes, of which 88,164 (79.41%) unigenes were annotated.

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Leathwick, D. M., and R. B. Besier. "The management of anthelmintic resistance in grazing ruminants in Australasia—Strategies and experiences." Veterinary Parasitology 204, no. 1-2 (July 2014): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.12.022.

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Lebret, Karen, María Fernández Fernández, Camilla H. C. Hagman, Karin Rengefors, and Lars-Anders Hansson. "Grazing resistance allows bloom formation and may explain invasion success of Gonyostomum semen." Limnology and Oceanography 57, no. 3 (April 16, 2012): 727–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2012.57.3.0727.

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Muñiz-Lagunes, Abel, Roberto González-Garduño, Maria Eugenia López-Arellano, Rodolfo Ramírez-Valverde, Agustín Ruíz-Flores, Guadalupe García-Muñiz, Gabriel Ramírez-Vargas, Pedro Mendoza-de Gives, and Glafiro Torres-Hernández. "Anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes from grazing beef cattle in Campeche State, Mexico." Tropical Animal Health and Production 47, no. 6 (April 15, 2015): 1049–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-015-0826-3.

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Thomas, Patrick K., Gary P. Dunn, Erik R. Coats, Deborah T. Newby, and Kevin P. Feris. "Algal diversity and traits predict biomass yield and grazing resistance in wastewater cultivation." Journal of Applied Phycology 31, no. 4 (February 20, 2019): 2323–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10811-019-01764-2.

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Burke, Joan M., and James E. Miller. "Multi-species Grazing for Control of Gastrointestinal Nematodes – a Review." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab096.066.

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Abstract Multi-species grazing, alternate grazing of cattle with sheep or goats, offers benefits to gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) control as GIN species differ between hosts. In the Southeastern United States, common GIN species of cattle include Cooperia spp., Ostertagia ostertagi, Haemonchus spp., whereas species of sheep and goats are Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Trichostrongylus spp., Cooperia curticei, and Oesophagostomum spp. Anthelmintic resistance is widely prevalent in small ruminants, and is an increasing problem in cattle, but remains less prevalent. Thus, it i

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Halde, C., A. M. Hammermeister, N. L. Mclean, K. T. Webb, and R. C. Martin. "Soil compaction under varying rest periods and levels of mechanical disturbance in a rotational grazing system." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 91, no. 6 (November 2011): 957–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss2011-026.

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Halde, C., Hammermeister, A. M., McLean, N. L., Webb, K. T. and Martin, R. C. 2011. Soil compaction under varying rest periods and levels of mechanical disturbance in a rotational grazing system. Can. J. Soil Sci. 91: 957–964. In Atlantic Canada, data are limited regarding the effect of grazing systems on soil compaction. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of intensive and extensive rotational pasture management treatments on soil bulk density, soil penetration resistance, forage productivity and litter accumulation. The study was conducted on a fine sandy loam pasture in T

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Łabanowski, Jerzy, and A. Ossowska. "Properties of Duplex Stainless Steel Surface Layers after Burnishing Process." Solid State Phenomena 165 (June 2010): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.165.118.

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This paper investigates stress corrosion cracking resistance of cold worked layers of 25 Cr duplex stainless steel grade UR52N+. The surface layers were processed through burnishing treatment. The residual stresses at surface layers were determined using grazing angle incidence X-ray diffraction method (g-sin2 Ψ). Corrosion tests were performed with the use of Slow Strain Rate Test technique in boiling 35% MgCl2 solution. It has been demonstrated that burnishing treatment increases corrosion resistance of the steel. Stress corrosion cracking resistance depends on the magnitude of cold work at

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Apple, Jude K., Suzanne L. Strom, Brian Palenik, and Bianca Brahamsha. "Variability in Protist Grazing and Growth on Different Marine Synechococcus Isolates." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, no. 9 (March 11, 2011): 3074–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02241-10.

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ABSTRACTGrazing mortality of the marine phytoplanktonSynechococcusis dominated by planktonic protists, yet rates of consumption and factors regulating grazer-Synechococcusinteractions are poorly understood. One aspect of predator-prey interactions for which little is known are the mechanisms by whichSynechococcusavoids or resists predation and, in turn, how this relates to the ability ofSynechococcusto support growth of protist grazer populations. Grazing experiments conducted with the raptorial dinoflagellateOxyrrhis marinaand phylogenetically diverseSynechococcusisolates (strains WH8102, CC9

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Niezen, J. H., T. S. Waghorn, W. A. G. Charleston, and G. C. Waghorn. "Growth and gastrointestinal nematode parasitism in lambs grazing either lucerne (Medicago sativa) or sulla (Hedysarum coronarium) which contains condensed tannins." Journal of Agricultural Science 125, no. 2 (October 1995): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600084422.

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SUMMARYTwo grazing experiments were undertaken to evaluate the effects of sulla (Hedysarum coronarium) which contains condensed tannins (CT) and lucerne (Medicago sativa), which does not contain CT, on the performance of parasitized and non-parasitized lambs. The work was carried out near Palmerston North, New Zealand in 1992 and 1993.Experiment 1 used lambs which were either genetically ‘conventional’ or ‘resistant’ to gastrointestinal nematodes and which had a naturally acquired heavy parasite burden (faecal egg count (FEC) 1300–2500 eggs per gram faeces (epg)). They were either drenched to

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