Academic literature on the topic 'Grazing ruminants'

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Journal articles on the topic "Grazing ruminants"

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Tedeschi, Luis O., Giovanni Molle, Hector M. Menendez, Antonello Cannas, and Mozart A. Fonseca. "The assessment of supplementation requirements of grazing ruminants using nutrition models." Translational Animal Science 3, no. 2 (2019): 811–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txy140.

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AbstractThis paper was aimed to summarize known concepts needed to comprehend the intricate interface between the ruminant animal and the pasture when predicting animal performance, acknowledge current efforts in the mathematical modeling domain of grazing ruminants, and highlight current thinking and technologies that can guide the development of advanced mathematical modeling tools for grazing ruminants. The scientific knowledge of factors that affect intake of ruminants is broad and rich, and decision-support tools (DST) for modeling energy expenditure and feed intake of grazing animals abo
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Gregorini, P., F. D. Provenza, J. J. Villalba, P. C. Beukes, and M. J. Forbes. "Dynamics of forage ingestion, oral processing and digesta outflow from the rumen: a development in a mechanistic model of a grazing ruminant, MINDY." Journal of Agricultural Science 156, no. 8 (2018): 980–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859618000886.

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AbstractDetailed representation of ingesta inflow to and digesta outflow from the rumen is critical for improving the modelling of rumen function and herbage intake of grazing ruminants. The objective of the current work was to extend a mechanistic model of a grazing ruminant, MINDY, to simulate the dynamic links between ingestive and digestive processes as affected by forage and sward features (e.g. sward structure, herbage chemical composition) as well as the internal state of the animal. The work integrates existing aspects of forage ingestion, oral physiology and rumen digestion that influ
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Kadigi, Joseph H., Bashiri I. Muzzo, and Sebastian Schreiber. "Potential Benefits of Tannins on Ruminant Health, Production and Environmental Sustainability." European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety 16, no. 10 (2024): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2024/v16i101552.

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Tannins are naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds increasingly recognized for their potential benefits to ruminants. Tannins can be extracted from plants' roots, bark, leaves, and seed husks. Management of plant communities to produce a diverse array of secondary compounds, particularly tannins, is a promising strategy for holistically enhancing agroecosystems on rangelands and benefiting free grazing ruminant animals. Deterioration of rangelands constrains plant diversity, reducing tanniferous forage plants and limiting tannin availability to free-grazing ruminants. Ruminants supplemente
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Galyean, Michael. "349 The need for forage intake measurements." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (2020): 77–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.141.

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Abstract We often tell students of nutrition that “animals require quantities, not percentages, of nutrients.” Nonetheless, diets and supplements are typically formulated on a percent basis, which is convenient and works well if feed intake is known. Grazing ruminants require quantities of nutrients, but unlike their pen-fed counterparts, forage intake is unknown. Estimates of intake are essential to make management decisions relative to the quantity and timing of supplemental nutrients, which are often the largest out-of-pocket cost for ruminant production based on grazed forages. Moreover, s
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Rutter, S. M., P. D. Penning, A. J. Parsons, A. Harvey, and R. J. Orr. "Dietary preferences of domestic ruminants." BSAP Occasional Publication 20 (1997): 96–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00043482.

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To develop sustainable grazing systems, an understanding of the complex interactions between competing plant species and grazing herbivores is needed. An understanding of dietary preference is a prerequisite to predicting how much and from which plant species animals select. This work initially concentrated on dietary preferences of sheep grazing perennial ryegrass and white clover swards and was then extended to other animal species to test the generality of our findings.
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Gregorini, P. "Diurnal grazing pattern: its physiological basis and strategic management." Animal Production Science 52, no. 7 (2012): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11250.

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Within a day, grazing decisions such as ‘when’ to begin, ‘which’ frequency and ‘how’ to distribute grazing events determine ruminants’ diurnal grazing pattern. Ruminants can have between three and five daily grazing events. The major grazing events occur in the early morning and late afternoon/early evening; the later grazing event is the longest and most significant in terms of herbage intake. This review first attempts to answer ‘why does this happen?’ and then to examine evidence for managing this pattern to improve animal production. Due to photosynthesis and transpiration during the day,
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Mitchell, Sian. "Cestode infections in grazing ruminants." Livestock 20, no. 6 (2015): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/live.2015.20.6.345.

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Póti, Péter, Ferenc Pajor, and Edina Láczó. "Sustainable grazing in small ruminants." Cereal Research Communications 35, no. 2 (2007): 945–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/crc.35.2007.2.195.

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Karki, Uma. "178 Use of silvopastures and woodlands to expand the grazing opportunity for small ruminants." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_2 (2020): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz397.157.

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Abstract Pasture-based small-ruminant farming is a popular enterprise in the Southeast, especially for small and limited-resource producers. Although woodlands occupy a majority of the land cover in the South and can be a promising resource for raising small ruminants, not much attention has been given on using such resources. A series of studies were conducted at the facilities of Tuskegee University with the overall objective of exploring the potential of using silvopastures and woodlands for raising small ruminants. Grazing studies were conducted from 2015 to 2019 using meat goats and hair
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Strojan, S. T., and C. J. C. Phillips. "The detection and avoidance of lead contaminated pasture by cattle." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1997 (1997): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200595891.

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Anthropogenic lead is the most common cause of poisoning in ruminants. Vehicular lead emissions pollute herbage by the road, which may pose a risk to grazing ruminants. A series of experiments was conducted first to determine whether livestock could detect lead in herbage, and if so at what levels, and second whether they avoided lead contaminated herbage. The effects on grazing behaviour were recorded to investigate whether cattle could alter their grazing strategy to reduce their intake of lead from contaminated pasture.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Grazing ruminants"

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Miwa, Masafumi. "Estimation of energy expenditure of grazing ruminants via accelerometry." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225658.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)<br>0048<br>新制・課程博士<br>博士(農学)<br>甲第20433号<br>農博第2218号<br>新制||農||1048(附属図書館)<br>学位論文||H29||N5054(農学部図書室)<br>京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻<br>(主査)教授 廣岡 博之, 教授 久米 新一, 教授 今井 裕<br>学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Sendalo, David Stanley Chambo. "Tethering of goats in Tanzania : purpose, and implications with special reference to effects on grazing behaviour and intake." Thesis, University of Reading, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308105.

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Francis, Sally Amanda. "Investigating the role of carbohydrates in the dietary choices of ruminants with an emphasis on dairy cows." Connect to thesis, 2002. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/2898.

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This thesis investigated the role of carbohydrates in the dietary choices of ruminants with an emphasis on dairy cows. The first two experiments investigated the ability of sheep to select between feeds based on their carbohydrate degradability. A further two indoor experiments using dairy cows were designed to establish whether post-ingestive feedback from rumen fluid propionic acid concentration influenced preference. The final experiment examined the potential of ryegrass bred for high water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentrations to increase the long-term (9 days) preferences and intake
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Hillam, Jonathan P. "The adhesion of sewage sludge and potentially toxic elements to forage utilised by grazing ruminants." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391855.

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Rihawi, Safouh. "Grazing of barley stubble in Syria : effects of stocking rate and supplementation on intake of stubble fractions." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336666.

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Ducrotoy, Marie Julie. "Livelihoods of Fulani pastoralists and burden of bacterial zoonoses in the Kachia grazing reserve, Nigeria." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15912.

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The work presented focuses on bacterial zoonoses in northern Nigeria, and more specifically on brucellosis in the Kachia grazing reserve (KGR) - rangeland set-aside by the government to sedentarise Fulani pastoralists. The objectives of the study were to 1) undertake demographic and socioeconomic profiling of the KGR community; 2) review the evidence for brucellosis burden in Nigeria; 3) assess the suitability and performance of brucellosis diagnostic tests selected for use; 4) compare burden of brucellosis across different species (animal and human) and determine Brucella species present in K
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Berg, Bjorne Peter. "An evaluation of initial rates of digestion in a strain of alfalfa selected to prevent bloat in grazing ruminants." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0015/NQ48605.pdf.

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Manuelian, Fusté Carmen L. "Conditioned aversion to woody crops in small ruminants." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285562.

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L'objectiu de la tesi va ser avaluar la idoneïtat de l'aversió condicionada (CTA) amb clorur de liti (LiCl), per evitar danys en cultius llenyosos durant el pasturatge de les cobertes vegetals. La CTA és un aprenentatge associatiu pel qual un animal deixa de consumir un aliment gràcies a l'administració d'un agent inductor (LiCl). Actualment, els agricultors no permeten el pasturatge de les cobertes dels cultius llenyosos per l’alta palatabilitat d’aquests. A l’Exp. 1, es va crear CTA a l'olivera (aliment nou) amb una sola dosi de LiCl (200 mg/kg PV) en cabres (n = 10) i ovelles (n = 10). L'a
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Gobindram, Mohammad Noor Ehsan Newaz. "Plant secondary compounds in small ruminant feeding in stall-fed and pastoral system in the Mediterranean." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1642.

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The utilization of alternative feed resources such as agro-industrial by-products or rangelands may contribute to reduce carbon footprint and improve sustainability of livestock farming systems.My thesis aimed at investigating how animals can be made to ingest alternative feed resources containing higher amounts of Plant Secondary compounds (PSCs) than usual forages and concentrates. PSCs are present in agroindutrial by products and in the natural vegetation of rangelands in the Mediterranean area. They are often associated with anti-nutritive properties such as reduced palatability and prote
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Zumbaugh, III Charles Arthur. "Nutritional strategies for growing cattle in the Southeastern United States." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101039.

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Cattle operations in the Southeastern United States are primarily cow-calf and stocker based and rely heavily on forage. As such, research regarding supplementation strategies that are specific to both the forage cultivars and management strategies that are common in the region are necessary for accurate nutritional recommendations. Additionally, further research is necessary to develop solutions to cope with the negative effects of fescue toxicosis that are common in the region. Therefore, the objectives of this dissertation are to examine supplementation strategies specific to growing cattle
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Books on the topic "Grazing ruminants"

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McDowell, L. R. Minerals for grazing ruminants in tropical regions. 3rd ed. University of Florida Press, 1997.

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1941-, McDowell L. R., ed. Nutrition of grazing ruminants in warm climates. Academic Press, 1985.

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McDowell, L. R. Minerals for grazing ruminants in tropical regions. 2nd ed. Animal Science Dept., Center for Tropical Agriculture, University of Florida, 1993.

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A, Dovrat, and Cooperative Arid Lands Agriculture Research Program, United States-Egypt-Israel., eds. Fodder production and its utilization by small ruminants in arid regions (FOPAR): Progress report, May-July 1985. Institutes for Applied Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 1985.

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Hillman, Jonathan P. The adhesion of sewage sludge and potentially toxic elements to forage utilised by grazing ruminants. De Montfort University, 2000.

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Hillman, Jonathan P. The adhesion of sewage sludge and potentially toxic elements to forage utilised by grazing ruminants. De Montfort University, 2000.

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Hillman, Jonathan P. The adhesion of sewage sludge and potentially toxic elements to forage utilised by grazing ruminants. De Montfort University, 2000.

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McDowell, L. R. Minerales para ruminantes en pastoreo en regiones tropicales. 3rd ed. University of Florida Press, 1997.

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Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations., Kongelige Veterinær- og landbohøjskole (Denmark). Center for eksperimentel parasitologi., and Workshop on Biological Control of Gastro-intestinal Nematodes of Ruminants Using Predacious Fungi (1997 : Ipoh, Perak), eds. Biological control of gastro-intestinal nematodes of ruminants using predacious fungi: Proceedings of a workshop. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1998.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency, ed. The Ruminant Livestock Efficiency Program annual conference proceedings: November 3-5, 1998. The Program, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Grazing ruminants"

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Rittenhouse, Larry R. "The Relative Efficency of Rangeland Use by Ruminants and Non-Ruminant Herbivores." In Grazing Research at Northern Latitudes. Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5338-7_18.

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White, C. L. "The Zinc Requirements of Grazing Ruminants." In Zinc in Soils and Plants. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0878-2_14.

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Duncan, Alan J., and Dennis P. Poppi. "Nutritional Ecology of Grazing and Browsing Ruminants." In Ecological Studies. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72422-3_4.

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Grandin, Temple. "A practical approach on sustainability for supply chain managers of meat, dairy, and other animal proteins." In Improving animal welfare: a practical approach, 3rd ed. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245219.0284.

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Abstract This chapter discusses how grazing ruminants can be used to improve the environment, the principles of sustainability, animal welfare as a part of a sustainable system; development of supply chains where the origin of a meat product can be tracked and some programmes for renewable fuels that are not sustainable.
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Van Soest, P. J. "A Comparison of Grazing and Browsing Ruminants in the Use of Feed Resources." In Increasing Small Ruminant Productivity in Semi-arid Areas. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1317-2_5.

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Singh, S. P., and J. K. Malik. "Principal Minerals Limiting Production of Migratory Small Ruminants: Salt Hunger in Grazing Sheep." In Migratory Small Ruminant Farming System in the Himalayas-Peculiarities, Problems, Prospects, Climate Effects, Nutrition and Health. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-6691-1_8.

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Whiting, Jericho C., Vernon C. Bleich, R. Terry Bowyer, Kezia Manlove, and Kevin White. "Bighorn Sheep and Mountain Goats." In Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34037-6_22.

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AbstractBighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), and to a lesser extent mountain goats (Oreamanos americanus), historically occupied much of the mountainous rangelands of western North America. Both ungulates inhabit rugged terrain and feed on grasses, forbs, and browse. Bighorn sheep and mountain goats are widely recognized for their consumptive and non-consumptive value. Indigenous peoples valued these species for cultural and subsistence purposes. Populations of these ungulates have declined since the latter part of the nineteenth century—for mountain goats, this decline has occurred particularly i
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Zaman, M., K. Kleineidam, L. Bakken, et al. "Greenhouse Gases from Agriculture." In Measuring Emission of Agricultural Greenhouse Gases and Developing Mitigation Options using Nuclear and Related Techniques. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55396-8_1.

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AbstractThe rapidly changing global climate due to increased emission of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) is leading to an increased occurrence of extreme weather events such as droughts, floods, and heatwaves. The three major GHGs are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). The major natural sources of CO2 include ocean–atmosphere exchange, respiration of animals, soils (microbial respiration) and plants, and volcanic eruption; while the anthropogenic sources include burning of fossil fuel (coal, natural gas, and oil), deforestation, and the cultivation of land that
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DelCurto, Timothy, Samuel A. Wyffels, Martin Vavra, Michael J. Wisdom, and Christian J. Posbergh. "Western Rangeland Livestock Production Systems and Grazing Management." In Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34037-6_4.

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AbstractRangeland wildlife ecology and conservation is strongly influenced by domestic livestock systems. Domestic livestock production on rangelands in North America is dominated by ruminant livestock, with beef cattle being the largest industry. Rangeland ruminant livestock production systems are unique in that land/animal managers develop production systems that attempt to optimize the use of limited-nutrition forage bases. This involves the strategic selection of calving/lambing dates to coincide with forage resources and labor limitations. Likewise, the species, breed, and age of animal i
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McDOWELL, L. R. "Nutrient Requirements of Ruminants." In Nutrition of Grazing Ruminants in Warm Climates. Elsevier, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-483370-8.50009-4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Grazing ruminants"

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Petrović, Milun, Snežana Bogosavljević-Bošković, Vladan Bogdanović, et al. "SHEEP AND GOAT NUTRITION IN THE ORGANIC FARMING SYSTEM." In 3rd International Symposium on Biotechnology. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy in Čačak, 2025. https://doi.org/10.46793/sbt30.29mp.

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The nutritional needs of sheep and goats are influenced by body weight, breed, physiological stage, production level, activity, the number of lambs and kids, and environmental factors. Their diet, like that of other ruminants, is based on fibrous feeds. Concentrate mixtures made from organically produced feeds and permitted additives are also used as a supplement to the fibrous portion of the diet. Compared to other ruminants, sheep and goats utilize pastures most efficiently. Grazing, high-quality legume forage, and grass-legume hay are the dominant feeds in their diet (during the winter peri
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Bosco, Antonio, Alessandro Nappa, Giulia Capezzuto, et al. "Anthelmintic efficacy of agro-industrial by-products against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep: In vitro tests." In Zbornik radova 26. medunarodni kongres Mediteranske federacije za zdravlje i produkciju preživara - FeMeSPRum. Poljoprivredni fakultet Novi Sad, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/femesprumns24005b.

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Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) are ubiquitous in grazing small ruminants and cause significant costs due to production losses. Moreover, anthelmintic resistance (AR) is now widespread throughout Europe and poses a major threat to the sustainability of modern small ruminant livestock farming. Trichostrongylus colubriformis, an intestinal parasite of small ruminants, is the second nematode to Haemonchus contortus in terms of distribution and magnitude in several regions. The control of this helminth is traditionally achieved with the use of anthelmintic drugs, however due to regulations in or
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Gherasim, Elena, Dumitru Erhan, and Stefan Rusu. "Establishing the role of amphibians (Anura) in the prophylaxis of helminths specific to domestic, wild and pet animals." In Xth International Conference of Zoologists. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/icz10.2021.33.

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This work is based on helminthological data of amphibians, collected since 2013 until 2020, in the Republic of Moldova. The investigations on anura amphibians were conducted in the laboratory of Parazitology and Helminthology of the Institute of Zoology. One of the most common parasitic diseases in ruminants is fasciolosis, caused by the trematode Fasciola hepatica species. The results of parasitological research showed that adult cattle were infected with fascioles in 66.4% of cases, and young cattle - in 46.1% of cases. This is largely due to the grazing of animals of different species and a
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Gherasim, Elena, and Dumitru Erhan. "The role of anurans in the prophylaxis of helminthiasis." In Simpozion Ştiinţific Internaţional "50 ani de învăţământ superior medical veterinar din Republica Moldova". Technical University of Moldova, 2025. https://doi.org/10.52326/ismv2024.03.

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This work is based on helminthological data of anura amphibians, collected since 2012 until 2024, in the Republic of Moldova. The investigations on anura amphibians were conducted in the laboratory of Parazitology and Helminthology of the Institute of Zoology. One of the most common parasitic diseases in ruminants is fasciolosis, caused by the trematode Fasciola hepatica species. The results of parasitological research showed that adult cattle were infected with fascioles in 66.4% of cases, and young cattle - in 46.1% of cases. This is largely due to the grazing of animals of different species
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Ježek, Jožica, Jože Starič, Geč Veren, Rok Marzel, and Janko Mrkun. "A relationship between serum copper concentrations and haematological and biochemical parameters in sheep." In Zbornik radova 26. medunarodni kongres Mediteranske federacije za zdravlje i produkciju preživara - FeMeSPRum. Poljoprivredni fakultet Novi Sad, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/femesprumns24016j.

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Copper is an essential trace element for animals, required for body, bone and wool growth, pigmentation, nervous system, haemoglobin formation and white blood cell function. The animal's nutrient supply can be assessed with the help of haematological and biochemical blood tests. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between copper serum concentration and haematological and biochemical parameters in sheep. Sheep from two farms were included in the study. Blood samples were taken from the sheep (40 per flock) twice a year, in the fall after the end of the grazing period and in t
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Claudia, Durau Carmen, Mihut Casiana Doina, Chis Ana Codruta, Urlica Alina, and Scedei Daniela. "THE EVOLUTION OF SOME VEGETATION INDICES ON PERMANENT GRASSLANDS IN TIMIS COUNTY (WESTERN ROMANIA)." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/6.2/s25.52.

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The areas occupied by permanent grasslands constitute one of the most important ecosystems of the Earth, occupying almost half of it. The use of land covered by grasslands and climate changes are the main stressors of grass communities and implicitly of grassland ecosystems. Its multifunctionality (food source for ruminants, insect habitat, means of soil and water conservation, as well as outdoor activities, etc.) is gradually affected, thus diminishing the mentioned functions. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the evolution of some indices characterizing permanent grasslands over a thre
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Davis, B. E., M. D. Flythe, T. A. Hamilton, D. G. Ely, L. H. Anderson, and J. R. Weinert-Nelson. "Isoflavones in Legumes as Functional Forages and Feeds in Ruminant Grazing Systems." In XXV International Grassland Congress. International Grassland Congress 2023, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/071171-0265.

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Cornale, P., A. Mimosi, and L. M. Battaglini. "43. Reducing feed-food competition: impact of by-products and grazing in ruminant feeding." In EurSafe 2022. Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-939-8_43.

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Lawal-Adebowale, O. A., M. J. Rivero, J. Hunt, et al. "Pasture Production and Grazing System in ASSIST Project: Outcome and Replication Viability in Nigeria for Sustainable Ruminant Production." In XXV International Grassland Congress. International Grassland Congress 2023, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/071171-0184.

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Reports on the topic "Grazing ruminants"

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Goetsch, Arthur L., Yoav Aharoni, Arieh Brosh, et al. Energy Expenditure for Activity in Free Ranging Ruminants: A Nutritional Frontier. United States Department of Agriculture, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7696529.bard.

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Heat production (HP) or energy expenditure for activity (EEa) is of fundamental nutritional importance for livestock because it determines the proportion of ingested nutrients available for productive functions. Previous estimates of EEa are unreliable and vary widely with different indirect methodologies. This leads to erroneous nutritional strategies, especially when intake on pasture does not meet nutritional requirements and supplementation is necessary for acceptable production. Therefore, the objective of this project was to measure EEa in different classes of livestock (beef cattle and
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Brosh, Arieh, David Robertshaw, Yoav Aharoni, Zvi Holzer, Mario Gutman, and Amichai Arieli. Estimation of Energy Expenditure of Free Living and Growing Domesticated Ruminants by Heart Rate Measurement. United States Department of Agriculture, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580685.bard.

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Research objectives were: 1) To study the effect of diet energy density, level of exercise, thermal conditions and reproductive state on cardiovascular function as it relates to oxygen (O2) mobilization. 2) To validate the use of heart rate (HR) to predict energy expenditure (EE) of ruminants, by measuring and calculating the energy balance components at different productive and reproductive states. 3) To validate the use of HR to identify changes in the metabolizable energy (ME) and ME intake (MEI) of grazing ruminants. Background: The development of an effective method for the measurement of
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van den Pol-van Dasselaar, A., A. de Vliegher, D. Hennessy, and J. Isselstein. Maximising grazing in ruminant production systems: proceedings 6th Meeting EGF Working Group "Grazing" in Cork. Wageningen Livestock Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/472030.

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Elbeltagy, Ahmed R., Eui-Soo Kim, Barbara Rischkowsky, Adel M. Aboul-naga, Joram M. Mwacharo, and Max F. Rothschild. Genome-wide Analysis of Small Ruminant Tolerance to Grazing Stress Under Arid Desert. Iowa State University, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-236.

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Taheripour, Farzad, Thomas Hertel, and Wally Tyner. Implications of the Biofuels Boom for the Global Livestock Industry: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis. GTAP Working Paper, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp58.

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The past decade has seen rapid growth in the global biofuels sector – particularly in the US and the EU. This has had important implications for the global livestock industry – both by raising the cost of feed grains and oilseeds and by forcing onto the market a large supply of biofuel by-products, many of which end up in livestock feed rations. This paper systematically investigates the impact of an expanding biofuels industry on the mix and location of global livestock production. Our results suggest that the impacts on specific livestock sectors in individual countries are quite varied. We
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