Journal articles: 'Great Alliance'

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Sanders, Wendy Hinrichs. "The Great Lakes Forest Alliance." Journal of Sustainable Forestry 13, no. 1-2 (March 7, 2001): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j091v13n01_03.

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Garb, Margaret. "The Great Chicago Waiters’ Strike." Journal of Urban History 40, no. 6 (June 16, 2014): 1079–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144214536864.

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In the 1890s, restaurant and hotel waiters in Chicago formed a biracial labor organization that successfully challenged their employers. The Culinary Alliance, a rare example of biracial unionism in the late nineteenth century, was produced by, and helped to shape, a dramatic reorganization of urban space with the emergence of corporate capitalism and consumer culture in the city. The Alliance’s rise and demise demonstrates the ways urban space was a powerful force in the complex interactions between race and gender relations in urban labor markets.

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Kabir, Muhammad. "The Role of Side Payments in the Formation of Asymmetric Alliances: Forging the US–Pakistan Alliance." Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs 6, no. 2 (June 7, 2019): 162–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2347797019842430.

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The article builds on James Morrow’s theoretical formulation on asymmetric alliances, which contends that alliances are formed as a result of a security–autonomy trade-off between great powers and minor powers. It expands Morrow’s theory by showing that in the absence of a common threat or shared interests, the trade-off tends to leave a deficit in a weaker state’s net benefits from the alliance. I argue that side payments fill in the deficit in gains for weaker states. The article highlights the importance of domestic political constraints in shaping leaders’ alliance policies. I use the US–Pakistan alliance as a case study to probe the argument. The analysis presented here shows that the alliance, formed in 1954, was a result of a strategic trade-off between the United States and Pakistan. The case provides support to the argument that side payments played a crucial role in cementing the alliance.

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Dzhengiz, Tulin. "The Relationship of Organisational Value Frames with the Configuration of Alliance Portfolios: Cases from Electricity Utilities in Great Britain." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (November 27, 2018): 4455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124455.

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Increasing concerns over global and local sustainability issues motivate businesses to develop solutions via collaborative partnerships. While many studies explain the contributions of sustainable alliances to economic, environmental, and social sustainability, less is known about how a portfolio of these alliances is configured. This study aims to answer this question by examining the relationship between organisational value frames and alliance portfolio configurations of 16 utility companies in the electricity industry of Great Britain. The study finds that organisational value frames play a key role in the selection of alliance partners and hence the configuration of alliance portfolios. The results demonstrate that British electricity utilities often collaborate with cognitively similar organisations. The results demonstrate that cognitive homophily is common in selecting partners to tackle sustainability issues. While previous studies demonstrated homophily in partner selection as resource homophily or status homophily, in the sustainability context, this study shows that homophily is also about values that guide interpretations of sustainability issues.

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Kim, Woosang. "Alliance Transitions and Great Power War." American Journal of Political Science 35, no. 4 (November 1991): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2111496.

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Rezazadeh, Arash, and Mahsa Mahjoub. "Alliance entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial orientation: the mediating effect of knowledge transfer." Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business 18, no. 3 (December 2, 2016): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.22220.

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Today’s rapidly changing business environment has impelled companies to cooperate with their competitors gaining more competitive advantages by achieving win-win situation. Thereby, building alliances as one of the cooperative strategies has been adopted by many enterprises, consequently attracting great attention of numerous scholars. Nevertheless, the alliance literature seems to lack studies in the domain of entrepreneurship. Accordingly, this paper aims to extend entrepreneurship into the field of alliances highlighting two phenomenal concepts: alliance entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial orientation. Hence, the relationship between these two constructs together with the mediating role of knowledge transfer between alliance partners are investigated. We used Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) technique under two sections of measurement model and structural model assessment in order to analyze data. The results gathered from Iran’s automotive industry confirmed the positive significant impact of alliance entrepreneurship on partners’ entrepreneurial orientation and the mediating effect of knowledge transfer

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Rezazadeh, Arash, and Mahsa Mahjoub. "Alliance Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurial Orientation: The Mediating Effect of Knowledge Transfer." Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business 18, no. 3 (December 2, 2016): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.16899.

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Today’s rapidly changing business environment has impelled companies to cooperate with their competitors in order to gain more competitive advantages through a win-win situation. Thereby, building alliances is one of the cooperative strategies that have been adopted by many enterprises, consequently attracting great attention from scholars. However, the literature about alliances seems to lack studies in the domain of entrepreneurship. Accordingly, this paper aims to extend entrepreneurship into the field of alliances by highlighting two phenomenal concepts: alliance entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurial orientation. Hence, the relationship between these two constructs, together with the mediating role of knowledge transfer between alliance partners, is investigated. Employing the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique we analyze a set of data from the automotive industry and its sub-sectors. The results confirm the significant positive effect of alliance entrepreneurship on partners’ entrepreneurial orientation, as well as the mediating effect of knowledge transfer.

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Olesker, Ronnie. "Chaos is a ladder: A study of identity, norms, and power transition in the Game of Thrones universe." British Journal of Politics and International Relations 22, no. 1 (October 25, 2019): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369148119885065.

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This article examines the interplay between identities, norms and power transition in the HBO series Game of Thrones. Using discourse analysis of season 7’s transcripts and viewing the show, I conclude that the most dominant themes to emerge are those related to identity and norms, in the context of hegemonic power transition. The season focuses on the impact of normative and ideational factors on how alliances operate and on the prospects of cooperation between alliances. I find that identity distributions across great powers impact the ability of characters to muster a successful challenge to the existing world order. Furthermore, I find that the survival of actors whose normative commitments are mismatched with their alliance is not guaranteed through the alliance. Thus, the show serves as an effective knowledge production site for exploring the consequences of power transition and alliance theory as power begins to transition in our own universe.

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Mijalkovski, Milan. "Through secret alliance to public Great war." Vojno delo 66, no. 1 (2014): 303–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/vojdelo1401303m.

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Norman, Andrew T. "Exploring Product Fit And Brand Fit In Brand Alliances: Establishing The Role Of Categorization Processes." Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER) 15, no. 1 (December 27, 2016): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jber.v15i1.9853.

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The marketing strategy of brand alliance has received considerable attention in marketing literature. A significant factor in the study of how consumers process brand alliances is the concept of “fit”. Specifically, it has been shown that consumers evaluate the extent to which the brands and products in a brand alliance are congruent. While the concept of fit has been addressed in brand alliance research, little is known about what fit really is. This paper seeks to establish the processes by which consumers make evaluations of both product and brand fit. Based on a review of the relevant literature, it is proposed that consumers use higher-order categorization processes in evaluating brand alliances. A 2 x 2 experiment was conducted to test multiple hypotheses. Results confirm these hypotheses and confirm that consumers do indeed conduct a higher-order category search as they evaluate brand alliances. Based on this work, an entire field of research can now be applied to the study of this promotional strategy. While various studies in the recent past have examined factors affecting the processing of brand alliances, there remains a great deal to be learned about how brand alliance information is processed and what factors affect both cognitive and evaluative outcomes. Applications of categorization theories open new avenues in the study of this area of consumer research.

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Slisarenko, O. "Formation of Ukrainian-Swedish Alliance during the Great North War." Problems of World History, no. 6 (October 30, 2018): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2018-6-5.

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The article is devoted to the events of the crucial stage of the Great North War, in particular the campaign of the Swedish King Charles XII and his army against the Moscow State in 1708-1709. Thecritical moment of this campaign was the conclusion of the alliance between the Swedish King and Ukrainian Hetman I. Mazepa. The success of this alliance could quite possibly lead to the decisivevictory of Sweden over the last of its enemies, Moscow Tsar Peter I. As a result of this victory the independent Ukrainian Cossack State under a nominal protectorate of the Sweden Kingdom couldappear on the East European map. The author of the present material considers military and strategic aspects of the possible alliance basing on the conclusions of the former historians about theinternational political component of Swedish-Ukrainian alliance. The analysis of material enables the author to state that Ukrainian-Swedish alliance was formed without the mediation of Rzeczpospolita atthe moment the Swedish army entered the territory of the Cossack Hetmanate at the end of October 1708.

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Dagi, Dogachan. "Balance of Power or Balance of Threat: Revisiting Ottoman Alliance Politics before the Great War." Open Political Science 1, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/openps-2018-0012.

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AbstractThe Ottoman alliance politics before the Great War has not been explored for theorizing alliance politics though it presents a unique example of alliance formation under external threat. Thus, in this article, a neo-realist balance of threat theory is utilized to examine the Ottoman decision to align with Germany in the Great War. Unlike a historical account as to why the Ottomans sided with the German-Austrian alliance, this article develops a theoretical approach that takes insights from ‘alliance theories’ to explain the Ottomans’ fateful alignment. Such an alliance theory approach underlines the dilemmas of the Ottoman decision makers and demonstrates ‘rational’ elements of their strategy of balancing the main source of the threat. By bringing alliance theories and Ottoman historiography together it is argued that the Ottomans, in their search for an alliance before the Great War, sought a “balance of threat” politics rather than a “balance of power” politics.

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Khodarkovsky, Michael. "Uneasy alliance: Peter the Great and Ayuki Khan." Central Asian Survey 7, no. 4 (January 1988): 1–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02634938808400645.

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Moul, William. "Dangerous balances, 1816–1989: a simple theory with longitudinal evidence." Review of International Studies 28, no. 4 (October 2002): 657–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210502006575.

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To be explained are the Great Power versus Great Power wars, 1816–1989. Familiar strands of ‘realist’ thinking are twisted into a good simple balances of power theory to explain peace, war and the extent of war. The evidence, quantitative and qualitative, is that non-separated approximate equals in power capabilities formed dangerous balances. Generally, would-be-combatant great powers used alliances to restrain stronger third parties and to add the capabilities of weaker states to their own. The critical importance of political geography, a state's political capacity, and alliance commitments to the balance of power are made plain.

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Villaça, Nelson Aparecido Gomes, and Samuel Torrezan. "Strategical alliances in technology and innovation: the joint venture Nokia-Gradiente." Revista Ibero-Americana de Estratégia 4, no. 1 (December 20, 2007): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/ijsm.v4i1.69.

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Currently, in the academic and enterprising world, great importance and emphasis have been given for the formation of strategical alliances. However, there are few available studies related to the formation and the consolidation of national and international strategical alliances in Brazil. Thus, the present article aims to contribute for the development of the subject in question, by presenting and analyzing a successful case of trategical alliance in technology and innovation between a foreign company, Nokia, and a national one, Gradiente.

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Goldgeier, James M., and Michael McFaul. "A tale of two worlds: core and periphery in the post-cold war era." International Organization 46, no. 2 (1992): 467–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818300027788.

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As the world moves away from the familiar bipolar cold war era, many international relations theorists have renewed an old debate about which is more stable: a world with two great powers or a world with many great powers. Based on the chief assumptions of structural realism—namely, that the international system is characterized by anarchy and that states are unitary actors seeking to survive in this anarchic system—some security analysts are predicting that a world of several great powers will lead to a return to the shifting alliances and instabilities of the multipolar era that existed prior to World War II. For instance, John Mearsheimer argues that “prediction[s] of peace in a multipolar Europe [are] flawed.” Thomas Christensen and Jack Snyder argue that states in a multipolar world can follow either the pre-World War I or the pre-World War II alliance pattern, thus implying that a third course is improbable. They further assert that “the fundamental, invariant structural feature, international anarchy, generally selects and socializes states to form balancing alignments in order to survive in the face of threats from aggressive competitors.” The realist argument predicts that great powers in a self-help international system will balance one another through arms races and alliance formations.

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Yarhi-Milo, Keren, Alexander Lanoszka, and Zack Cooper. "To Arm or to Ally? The Patron's Dilemma and the Strategic Logic of Arms Transfers and Alliances." International Security 41, no. 2 (October 2016): 90–139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00250.

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How do great powers decide whether to provide arms to or form alliances with client states? This “patron's dilemma” revolves around a decision about how to best provide security to clients without becoming entrapped in unwanted conflicts. Strong commitments worsen the risk of entrapment, whereas weak commitments intensify fears of abandonment. This traditional alliance dilemma can be addressed through the provision of arms and alliances. Great power patrons primarily make such decisions on the basis of two factors: first, the extent to which the patron believes it and its client have common security interests; and second, whether the patron believes that its client has sufficient military capabilities to deter its main adversary without the patron's assistance. Patrons assess the degree of shared threat and the local balances of capabilities in determining whether to support their clients with arms, alliances, or both. As demonstrated in the U.S. provision of security goods to Taiwan and Israel during the Cold War, this strategic logic explains how great powers manage the patron's dilemma.

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Markovich, Slobodan. "History of Hellenic-Serbian (Yugoslav) alliances from Karageorge to the Balkan Pact 1817-1954." Balcanica, no. 51 (2020): 143–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc2051143m.

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The paper provides a review of efforts to make Serbian-Hellenic alliances and formal agreements since the last years of Karageorge?s life within the context of the relations between Serbia and Greece, and later between Yugoslavia and Greece. The circumstances that led to the signing of six formal alliances have been analysed including their content and scope. Out of the six alliances, four were bilateral, and two were Balkan (1934, 1953/54). All of them have been reviewed both in the bilateral and Balkan context. The following agreements have been analysed: The Treaty of Alliance and the Military Treaty from 1867/68, The Treaty of Alliance of the Kingdom of Serbia and the Hellenic Kingdom and the Military Convention of June 1, 1913, The Pact of Friendship, Conciliation and Judicial Settlement between Yugoslavia and Greece of 1929, the Balkan Pact (the Balkan Entente) of 1934, The Treaty on the Balkan Union between the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the Hellenic Kingdom of January 1942, the Balkan Pact of 1953/54. The issues related to the struggle of Serbia, Greece and Bulgaria about Macedonia and the question of the Serbian Free Zone of Salonica have also been discussed, as well as mutual relations during the Great War and at the beginning of the Cold War.

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Blankenship, Brian. "Promises under Pressure: Statements of Reassurance in US Alliances." International Studies Quarterly 64, no. 4 (September 14, 2020): 1017–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqaa071.

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Abstract The United States frequently reassures allies of its protection by stationing troops abroad, visiting allied countries, and making public statements. Yet the causes of reassurance in asymmetric alliances—those between a great power patron and its weaker allies—are understudied in the academic literature. Indeed, many scholars argue that reassurance can be counterproductive as it invites allies to free ride or provoke their adversaries, knowing that they have their patron's support. Despite the drawbacks, I argue that the United States use reassurance to discourage their allies from seeking outside options and reducing their dependence on the alliance. Patrons such as the United States thus face a dilemma wherein they trade-off between withholding reassurance for short-term leverage and using reassurance to preserve their long-term influence. I test the theory using a new cross-national dataset of US. statements of reassurance from 1950 to 2010, and the results provide stronger support for my hypotheses than for the competing explanations of deterrence, strength from desperation, and shared preferences. The findings have implications for understanding how great powers manage their alliances, and suggest a pathway through which weaker states can shape great powers’ foreign commitments.

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Newmeyer, Casey E., Efua Obeng, and John Hulland. "Joining forces for doing good: getting the international cause-alliance right." International Marketing Review 37, no. 5 (September 12, 2019): 829–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-04-2019-0122.

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Purpose Drawing on the brand alliance, cause marketing and corporate social responsibility literatures, the authors introduce the notion of international cause alliances. The authors conceptualize international cause alliances as strategic partnerships between international causes and for-profit companies with the stated purpose of raising funds for the cause. Beyond signaling that companies are socially responsible, international cause alliances may also help companies increase brand awareness or expand into new markets. Because international cause alliances take many forms and differ in the extent to which the brands are integrated, they have very different strategic implications. The purpose of this paper is to discuss these implications in a framework as well as providing managerial direction for both for-profit companies and causes when forming such alliances. Design/methodology/approach Using literature on brand alliances, cause marketing, and corporate social responsibility as a foundation, the authors introduce the notion of international cause alliances. The authors review literature to understand the many forms of alliances and investigate the extent to which brands are integrated. The authors then use these implications to develop a framework that can guide managerial decision-making for both for-profit companies and causes when forming such alliances. Findings The research suggests that to effectively develop international cause alliances, the organization involved must be aware of the challenges and potential benefits that these partnerships produce. For instance, while highly integrated alliances involve large resource commitments they also facilitate brand image spillover. As such, these alliances are a great way for companies to alter customers’ perceptions of their brands. Alternatively, low integration alliances require fewer resources and facilitate market expansion. Research limitations/implications This research identifies strategies that companies and causes can use to either expand their markets or alter customers’ perceptions of their brands. Originality/value This paper presents a framework that companies and causes can use when forming international cause alliances.

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Zong, Xian Liang, Hui Zheng, and Yu Sun. "Partner Selection in ASP-Based Automobile Panel Die Dynamic Alliance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 101-102 (September 2011): 812–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.101-102.812.

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Application service provider (ASP) based dynamic alliance has great advantages in die industry. This paper presents a complete scheme for establishing an ASP-based dynamic alliance for automobile panel die industry. The proposed scheme divides the job of partner selection into three phases, i.e., discovery of potential partners, junior evaluation and selection of potential partners and combination optimization of dynamic alliance. Methods for the three phases of partner selection are proposed and discussed. A prototype system has been developed to confirm the proposed scheme’s feasibility and efficiency.

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Huang, Yuxing. "An Interdependence Theory of Wedge Strategies." Chinese Journal of International Politics 13, no. 2 (2020): 253–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cjip/poaa004.

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Abstract A wedge strategy is a state’s attempt to prevent, break up, or weaken a threatening or blocking alliance. An asymmetric alignment consists of a great power (the alignment leader) and a small/middle power (the weaker ally). So when does the wedge strategy of a great power (a divider) towards a competitive asymmetric alignment work? I propose, based upon the ‘Crawford–Izumikawa debate’, an ‘interdependence theory’ of wedge strategies. In the case of an asymmetric alignment that is symmetrically interdependent, the wedge strategy of a divider that accommodates the weaker ally is most likely to succeed. However, a wedge strategy towards an asymmetric alignment that is asymmetrically interdependent is highly likely to fail. I evaluate the theory based upon four wedge strategies adopted in Cold War Asia through analysing American, Russian, and Chinese archival sources. As asymmetrically interdependent, the US–Japan and US–Taiwan alliances offset the impact of Chinese wedge strategies. Between 1955 and 1965, therefore, neither Chinese accommodation nor Chinese pressure could detach weaker American allies from the United States in East Asia. However, China successfully exploited the symmetric interdependence of the US–Pakistan alliance. Between 1962 and 1965, China’s accommodation of Pakistan prevented Pakistan from being used as an American base for containment purposes. Likewise, the Soviet Union took full advantage of the Sino–Vietnamese alignment’s symmetric interdependence, whereby Soviet aid to North Vietnam caused rifts in Sino–Vietnamese relations that eventually wrecked the Sino–Vietnamese alignment. According to the theory, therefore, given the asymmetric interdependence of the hub-and-spokes system, any Chinese attempts to weaken US-sponsored alliances in East Asia would not be effective.

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Xiangjie, Zheng. "Network Embeddedness and Firm Innovation: An Empirical Research on Strategic Emerging Industries in China." International Journal of Business and Management 12, no. 5 (April 27, 2017): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v12n5p209.

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The impact of strategic emerging industries alliance innovation network on firm innovation capability has been paid great attention by firms and academia. Supported by the social network analysis theory and method, we take the listed companies network embedded in the strategic emerging industries as an example, and use negative binomial regression to study the impact of network embeddedness on firm innovation capability. The empirical results show the firms embedded in alliance networks with better betweenness centrality will have greater innovative output in one or two years later; the liner relationship between the whole network density and the innovation ability is not obvious, but has a significant inverted U type effect, in other words, the firms embedded in alliance network with moderately dense connection will have greater innovative output. These conclusions will provide new scientific basis for firms to develop alliance activities and for relevant government departments to make alliance policies.

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Kumawat, Akshant, Prachi Dapse, Narendra Kumar, Dinesh Kumar Mishra, Rahul Maheshwari, Pallab Bhattacharya, and Rakesh Kumar Tekade. "Budding Alliance of Nanotechnology in RNA Interference Therapeutics." Current Pharmaceutical Design 24, no. 23 (October 24, 2018): 2632–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666180807113948.

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RNA interference (RNAi), as a novel technique in which RNA molecules limit or silence the gene expression, is currently a hot research topic for producing novel therapeutic materials for challenging diseases. In the development of RNAi-based therapies, nanoscale particles, with a varying diameter along with facile modification methods that can mediate effective RNAi with targeting potential, are gaining wide interest. The nanotechnology itself has tremendous potential in the field of healthcare, especially for the development of better pharmaceuticals. Nano-enabled delivery has shown great success in the delivery of RNAi based therapeutics to specific locations in the body. Especially, siRNAs show great potential for use in nucleic acid therapeutics because of their potent and specific RNAi-triggering activity. This review summarizes the advanced nanocarriers such as solid lipid nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, iron oxide nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanotransformers and curdlan nanoparticles with special emphasis on various aspects of siRNA-based therapeutics.

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lrwin, Julia F. "Nation Building and Rebuilding: The American Red Cross in Italy During the Great War." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 8, no. 3 (July 2009): 407–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400001328.

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During World War I, hundreds of Americans traveled to Italy as volunteers for the American Red Cross (ARC). Through their relief activities for Italian civilians, these individuals served both diplomatic and social-reform agendas. They packaged medical and social aid with a clear message of American alliance, presenting the ARC as a vanguard of the U.S. military that was prepared to assist Italy's war effort in the absence of American troops. Emphasizing American methods, expertise, and alliance, ARC representatives also enacted reforms with the ambition to mold Italy into their vision of a modern western nation. This article argues that international humanitarian aid buttressed U.S. international involvement, both political and cultural, during the Wilsonian era. Further, by examining the connections between social politics and foreign relations in Italy, it demonstrates that the boundaries of the transatlantic progressive community extended beyond the North Atlantic.

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Phillips, Jim. "The Great Alliance: Economic Recovery and the Problems of Power 1945-1951." Capital & Class 21, no. 2 (July 1997): 206–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030981689706200122.

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Stokes, R., G. Tully, and A. G. Rosati. "Pan African Sanctuary Alliance: securing a future for the African great apes." International Zoo Yearbook 52, no. 1 (December 25, 2017): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/izy.12174.

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Mikkelsen, Harald. "BEYOND ALLIANCE FOR KNOWLEDGE – STRONGER TOGETHER." Revista Prâksis 3 (September 24, 2019): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25112/rpr.v3i0.1967.

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The Beyond Alliance for Knowledge between Hämeenlinna University of Applied Science, Feevale University and VIA University College is a strategic partnership between three institutions of higher education focused on applied sciences. The alliance was founded in 2017 based on the intention of cooperation in ways in which 1 + 1 + 1 equals more than three. In a world of full of global challenges, it is important to us at VIA, as well as to our partners, to go beyond what each of us can do alone.From my chair as Rector of VIA University College, the alliance is of great importance in relation to creating outlook for our academic environments, e.g. in the form of quality assurance, how to conduct research and new concepts. We are a globally oriented institution and being a part of the Beyond Alliance for Knowledge contributes to the internationalisation of our entire organisation. The staff directly involved in projects under the alliance, carry the knowledge and inspiration they gain back into activities and teaching at home – for the benefit of both colleagues and students, as well as VIA as such.

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Karademas, Evangelos C. "Θεραπευτική σχέση: αλλαγές και προκλήσεις σε ένα ταχέως εξελισσόμενο περιβάλλον." Psychology: the Journal of the Hellenic Psychological Society 26, no. 2 (June 7, 2021): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/psy_hps.26876.

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The aim of this short Commentary is to convey some thoughts and concerns that have arisen after reading the excellent articles included in this Special Issue. The focus will be on three particular points: (a) The differences that seem to exist, not so much regarding the general definition of therapeutic alliance, but rather with respect to the identification of the specific characteristics of this phenomemon and the factors that shape it. (b) The need to understand therapeutic alliance after taking into account the complex interactions that take place between several biological, psychological and social factors. Finally, (c) the impact of recent advancements, such as the great innovations in digital technology and health care, on therapeutic alliance. In any case, it is certain that our perception of therapeutic alliance will continue to evolve and change in the future.

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Sadrijaj, Xhavit. "NATO in Balkan’s Late Twenties Tide." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 2, no. 2 (April 30, 2016): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v2i2.p135-141.

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NATO did not intervene in the Balkans to overcome Yugoslavia, or destroy it, but above all to avoid violence and to end discrimination. (Shimon Peres, the former Israeli foreign minister, winner of Nobel Prize for peace) NATO’s intervention in the Balkans is the most historic case of the alliance since its establishment. After the Cold War or the "Fall of the Iron Curtain" NATO somehow lost the sense of existing since its founding reason no longer existed. The events of the late twenties in the Balkans, strongly brought back the alliance proving the great need for its existence and defining dimensions and new concepts of security and safety for the alliance in those tangled international relations.

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Sadrijaj, Xhavit. "NATO in Balkan’s Late Twenties Tide." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 4, no. 2 (April 30, 2016): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v4i2.p135-141.

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NATO did not intervene in the Balkans to overcome Yugoslavia, or destroy it, but above all to avoid violence and to end discrimination. (Shimon Peres, the former Israeli foreign minister, winner of Nobel Prize for peace) NATO’s intervention in the Balkans is the most historic case of the alliance since its establishment. After the Cold War or the "Fall of the Iron Curtain" NATO somehow lost the sense of existing since its founding reason no longer existed. The events of the late twenties in the Balkans, strongly brought back the alliance proving the great need for its existence and defining dimensions and new concepts of security and safety for the alliance in those tangled international relations.

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North, Mark A., and Dylan Jensen. "The Workplace Working Alliance: The Modern Organizational Relationship." Industrial and Organizational Psychology 11, no. 3 (September 2018): 517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/iop.2018.105.

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The evolution of organizational working relationships is always a timely discussion, especially in an age where globalization, remote workforces, and most recently artificial intelligence, to name just three, hold great promise but also concern for organizations’ capabilities to build on the strengths of traditional relationship theories while looking forward to and blazing paths toward future relationship theories. We appreciate Chernyak-Hai's and Rabenu's (2018) questioning of the “old” social exchange theory (SET) as a relevant organizing framework and their proposition of a “new” or hybrid workplace relationship theory to reflect today's workforce. In short, Chernyak-Hai and Rabenu practice good science by not throwing out what does not seem to fit but rather helping science evolve into what it needs to become (see Gergen's [2001] great commentary on ill-advised practices of ending traditions when criticisms are levied). We also admire Chernyak-Hai's and Rabenu's willingness to invite “additional organizational behavior [OB] theories” (p. 476) to join the conversation in defining what the new era workplace relationship might look like. With that invitation and a little latitude in what could be defined as “an OB theory,” we propose that the working alliance (WA; Bordin, 1979) be given space in that narrative. The substance of our commentary will describe the WA connection with Chernyak-Hai and Rabenu's new or hybrid theory, principally as it relates to issues regarding (a) tension toward equality and fairness and (b) mutual reciprocity in exchange relationships.

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Gomes, Angela de Castro. "“The Great Alliance” by Ana Castro Osório: a political-pedagogical project that failed." Revista Estudos do Século XX, no. 11 (2011): 281–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-8622_11_16.

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Heo, Uk, Eben J. Christensen, and Tatyana Karaman. "Power Parity, Alliance, Differential Growth, and Great Power Wars: An Empirical Research Note." Armed Forces & Society 29, no. 3 (April 2003): 449–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095327x0302900307.

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Farmer, Kay H. "Pan-African Sanctuary Alliance: Status and range of activities for great ape conservation." American Journal of Primatology 58, no. 3 (November 2002): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajp.10054.

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Trąba, Czesława. "The stuble-field plant communities in South-East Poland. Part V. The comparative characteristics of stuble-fleld plant communities." Acta Agrobotanica 46, no. 1 (2013): 99–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.1993.009.

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In this of the presented paper results of the studies conducted in preceding four parts (I-IV) were synthetically assumed. On that background a comparative characteristics of specified stuble-field plant communities was conducted. It contains the most important features of communities and seats, in which they appear. In climatically, geomorphologically, hydrologically and with respect to soils differentiated conditions of South-East Poland, especially in former Rzeszów region, there were described stubble-field plant communities occurring as well on lowland, as on highland agricultural utility complexes. There were analysed 359 phytosociological records, in which 232 ones came from lowland, while 127 from highland complexes. The specified communities were included to two orders: Secali-Violetalia arvensis (suborder Polygono-Chenopodienalia : alliances Eu-Polygono-Chenopodion and Panico-Setarion) and Cyperetalia fusci (alliance Nanocyperion flavescentis). On the lowland agricultural utility complexes specified were seven types of communities: 3 belonged to Panico-Setarion alliance (association Digitarietum ischaemi; community with Setaria glauca and association Echinochloo-Setarietum), 2 to Eu-Polygono-Chenopodion alliance (the community with Euphorbia esula and Oxalis stricta as well the community with Veronica persica), while 2 associations from the Nanocyperion flavescentis (Hyperico-Spergularietum and Centunculo-Anthocerotetum) alliance. On the other hand, on the highland complexes of South-East Poland only 3 communities were found: 1) with Setaria glauca included to Panico-Setarion alliance, 2) with Veronica persica from Eu-Polygono-Chenopodion alliance and 3) Centunculo-Anthocerotetum association from Nanocyperion flavescentis alliance. The specified floral types, as well as lower units (variants and sub variants), reflected the mechanical structure, hydrological conditions and pH soils in their seats, what confrumed a great differentiation of soil conditions on the tested area.

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Samardzic, Ljiljana, and Gordana Nikolic. "Transference patterns and working alliance during the early phase of psychodynamic psychotherapy." Vojnosanitetski pregled 71, no. 2 (2014): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp1402175s.

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Background/Aim. Working alliance, as a collaborative part of the therapeutic relationship has been proven to be one of the most powerful therapeutic factors in psychotherapy in general, regardless many technical differences between numerous psychotherapeutic modalities. On the other hand, transference is the basic concept of psychodynamic psychotherapy, and, according to the psychoanalytic theory and practice, it forms a major part of the therapeutic relationship. The aim of our paper was to determine the differences between the groups of patients with low, middle, and high working alliance scores and the dropout group in transference patterns, sociodemographic and clinical parameters, during the early phase of psychodynamic psychotherapy. Methods. Our sample consisted of 61 non-psychotic patients, randomly selected by the method of consecutive admissions and treated with psychoanalytic psychotherapy in the outpatient clinical setting. The patients were prospectively followed during 5 initial sessions of the therapeutic process. The working alliance inventory and Core conflictual relationship theme method were used for the estimation of working alliance and transference patterns, respectively. According to the Working Alliance Inventory scores, four groups of patients were formed and than compared. Results. Our results show a significant difference between the groups of patients with low, middle, and high working alliance inventory scores and the dropout group on the variable - transference patterns in the therapeutic relationship. Conclusion. Disharmonious transference patterns are more frequent in patients who form poor quality working alliance in the early phase of psychotherapy, or early dropout psychotherapy. It is of great importance to recognize transference patterns of a patient at the beginning of the psychotherapeutic process, because of their potentially harmful influence on the quality of working alliance.

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Papageorgiou, Maria, Luis Fernando Correa da Costa, and Mohammad Eslami. "Crouching Bear and Hidden Dragon: The Limitations in the Sino-Russian Alliance." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 5, no. 4 (2019): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.54.2004.

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In the post-cold war era there has been a remarkable renewal and strengthening of Sino- Russian relations, especially from 2000 onwards. Moscow and Beijing started renewing and enhancing their ties in security, trade, as well as diplomatic issues more vigorously. The close cooperation between the two countries is evident however the partnership hasn’t advanced to an anti-hegemonic opposition block despite the opportunities that arise. Russia and China are two rising powers with a great geopolitical weight in the international system and their partnership constitutes a constant topic of analysis. Sino-Russian co-operation takes place on many levels from energy supplies, joint military exercises, trade agreements, arms sales and the establishment of new multilateral institutions (such as the Sanghai organization, BRICS New Development Bank and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, AIIB) to a broad consensus on issues in international relations. However, the two powers haven’t formed an actual alliance that could fundamentally alter the distribution of power in the international system.

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Rahman, Md Sayedur, and Shakila Tul-Kubra. "Economic dimension of India’s foreign policy towards Russia: Late 20th- early 21st century." Contemporary Research: An Interdisciplinary Academic Journal 4, no. 1 (November 8, 2020): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/craiaj.v4i1.32757.

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In the international framework India is finding a larger position for itself. This hope is focused on the belief that India is a prosperous democracy with substantial human and material resources; it is an increasingly strong economic power; it has a proven record as a responsible and law-abiding regime, and as a member of the non-aligned party it has consistently shared the interests of the developing nations. Indian foreign policy makers argue that India wants to re-invent itself at this point of 'take-off' as a great force. India needs new alliance for the proposed new position, including the dominant superpower, the United States of America (US). The US has said it would turn India into a great force. This essay attempts to examine the old pattern of relations with Russia that India had enjoyed. There's an Indo-US triangular alliance taking its place. How is this current type of strategic partnership distinct from that of the Indo Soviet/ Russian alliance? However, both countries' natural desire to strive towards multi polarity in world politics has helped restore the relationship, particularly over the past decade. Remarkably, ties with the US no longer stand in the way of stronger relations between India and Russia. The turbulent security climate marked by what is frequently assumed to be the state-sponsored insurgency invulnerable Asian areas, the war in Afghanistan, and the political turmoil in both Afghanistan and Central Asian countries has paved the way for a strategic alliance between India and Russia.

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Esitashvili, Nikoloz G., and Félix Martín. "NATO’s Internal Deepening, Endurance, and Expansion: Economic Incentives and Gains as an Explanatory Complement to Realist Alliance Theory." Journal of Strategic Security 13, no. 3 (October 2020): 17–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.13.3.1828.

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NATO endured the end of the Cold War in 1991, its members deepened their commitment to the alliance, and it expanded considerably. Its survival fundamentally challenges the logic of realism, prompting two essential questions. First, is it possible to salvage realist alliance theory in the face of its apparent failure to explain NATO's continuing operation? This article contends that realism is repairable and salvageable in this context. Second, if realism is still a viable argument about NATO's endurance, how can it explain it? This article adds a complementary and still-missing explanation to realism based on economic incentives and gains. It argues that economic considerations such as the high cost and complexity to research, design, develop, and produce cost-efficiently modern, sophisticated, and technically complex weapon systems represented a substantial financial undertaking for NATO's great power members. The unparalleled economic burden prompted allies to pull resources together instead of seeking security unilaterally or through other alignment alternatives. The economic imperative of the modern defense industry is an essential and overlooked variable among realist and non-realist perspectives. Economic incentives affected in unprecedented ways the strategic calculus of NATO's great powers and, thus, causes their increased commitment to the alliance, its endurance, and expansion.

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Freller, Thomas. "IN SEARCH OF A MEDITERRANEAN BASE: THE ORDER OF ST. JOHN AND RUSSIA'S GREAT POWER PLANS DURING THE RULE OF TSAR PETER THE GREAT AND TSARINA CATHERINE II." Journal of Early Modern History 8, no. 1 (2004): 3–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570065041268933.

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AbstractRossiya yest' yevropeyskaya derzhava ("Russia is a European power") was Tsarina Catherine II's credo and program, a logical continuation of the policy of Tsar Peter the Great. Malta and the Order of St. John played an important role in Catherine's plan: the island of the knights was to serve as a bridgehead for a permanent Russian presence in the Mediterranean. Already in 1698 Tsar Peter had sent delegations and diplomats to Hospitaller Malta to negotiate a Russo-Maltese alliance against the Ottomans. In the 1760s a Russian chargé d'affaires was installed in Malta and the famous fleet of the Order was used by Russian officers for training, and in 1768 a plan was drawn up for a joint Russo-Maltese naval attack on the Greek mainland. But such moves must have brought about the united opposition of the Mediterranean powers as well as of that of the British. Even in such a "holy war" against their infidel archenemy, which would have been in perfect accord with its statutes, the Order of St. John could no longer act freely. Officially, France remained the main protector of the Order's neutrality, so until the end of the Ancien régime the Order did not risk an open alliance with Russia. In the long run, however, Tsarina Catherine's insistence had paved the way for extremely close Russo-Maltese relations to come when her son Paul became tsar and even was proclaimed as the new grand master of the Order of Malta.

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Middleton, Charles R., and Karl W. Schweizer. "Frederick the Great, William Pitt, and Lord Bute: The Anglo-Prussian Alliance, 1756-1763." American Historical Review 97, no. 5 (December 1992): 1514. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2165985.

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Reyntjens, Filip. "The New Geostrategic Situation in Central Africa." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 26, no. 1 (1998): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700502765.

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The war that brought Laurent-Désiré Kabila and the AFDL (Alliance of the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo/Zaire) into power in Kinshasa must be placed in the broader context of three conflicts—that of the Great Lakes, of course, which is the most immediately obvious, but also those of Sudan and Angola. The proximity of these unstable locations and the game of alliances (every actor uses the “my enemy’s enemy is my friend” logic) brought these conflicts together, creating a potential war zone from Asmara to Luanda. Zaire is the connection among these three wars: Mobutu’s government supported Khartoum’s regime against the South Sudanese guerrillas, in particular the SPLA, who are supported in turn by Asmara, Addis Ababa, and Kampala. Zaire’s territory served as a rear base for attacks by the diverse armed movements against Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi.

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FOLLY, MARTIN H. "Friends – of a Kind: America and its Allies in the Second World War Mary E. Glantz, FDR and the Soviet Union: The President's Battles Over Foreign Policy (Lawrence: Kansas University Press, 2005, $34.95). Pp. 253. ISBN 0 7006 1365 X. Steven Merritt Miner, Stalin's Holy War: Religion, Nationalism and Alliance Politics, 1941–1945 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003, $55.00). Pp. 407. ISBN 0 8078 2736 3. Mark A. Stoler, Allies in War: Britain and American Against the Axis Powers 1940–1945 (London and New York: Hodder Arnold, 2005, £25.00). Pp. 291. ISBN 0 340 72026 3. David Stone, War Summits: The Meetings that Shaped World War II and the Postwar World (Washington, DC: Potomac Books, 2005, $29.95). Pp. 304. ISBN 1 57488 901 X." Journal of American Studies 40, no. 3 (November 22, 2006): 635–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875806002167.

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The Second World War continues to be an attractive subject for scholars and even more so for those writing for a general readership. One of the more traditional areas of focus has been the ‘Big Three’ – the alliance of the United States with Britain and the Soviet Union. Public interest in the three leaders – Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin – remains high, and their decisions continue to resonate in the post-Cold War era, as demonstrated by continued (and often ahistorical) references to the decisions made at the Yalta Conference. Consequently, while other aspects of Second World War historiography have pushed into new avenues of exploration, that which has looked at the Grand Alliance has followed fairly conventional lines – the new Soviet bloc materials have been trawled to answer old questions and using the frames of reference that developed during the Cold War. This has left much to be said about the nature of the relationship of the United States with its great allies and the dynamics and processes of that alliance, and overlooked full and rounded analysis of the role of that alliance as the instrument of Axis defeat.

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Laessig, Ronald H., and Sharon S. Ehrmeyer. "Quality: the next six months." Clinical Chemistry 43, no. 5 (May 1, 1997): 903–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/43.5.903.

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Abstract The eclectic mix of participants in the forum had a surprisingly singular focus when it came to the topic of quality in clinical laboratories. All sensed that the time is right for a transition from laws, rules, and inspections to a true quality-based system. Such a system can achieve the goals, implicit and explicit, that are the rationale for the multiplicity of regulations affecting today’s laboratories. A true quality-based system has great potential benefits to laboratories, regulators, and manufacturers, and ultimately to our true customers, the patients. The benefits include lower costs, superior products, and better test results; in short, better patient care. This transition will be possible only through formation of a “Quality Alliance,” composed of those skilled in the “theory” of quality—laboratory personnel, manufacturers, and regulators, acting as one to implement the quality system. The Quality Alliance requires a team of individuals with different skills, aligned as one, for the purpose of achieving a common goal. On the basis of views expressed in this Forum, our collective future will be defined by the evolving Quality Alliance, an alliance focused on true quality systems in clinical laboratories.

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Nissen, Kathrine G. "Young clinicians dealing with death: Problems and opportunities." Palliative and Supportive Care 14, no. 5 (November 23, 2015): 587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951515001303.

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AbstractObjective:The formation of a strong bond between patients and therapists can lead to successful treatment outcomes. Yet, little is known about the mechanisms that function to control this relationship. The objective of this case report was to examine the ruptures and repairs in the working alliance between a young therapist and an elderly caregiver, and to suggest ways in which to deal with age-related challenges to such an alliance.Method:In order to examine the ruptures and repairs in a working alliance, this case report reflects on the interdependent relationship among therapist variables, patient variables, and the therapeutic alliance. The clinical experience presented describes a newly educated psychologist's struggles to overcome the challenges in forming a strong working alliance with an elderly dying cancer patient's spouse. The spouse was enrolled in the DOMUS study (Clinicaltrials.gov: NTC01885637), an ongoing randomized controlled trial of a patient-and-caregiver intervention for facilitating the transition from an oncology ward to palliative at-home care, and then bereavement. As part of the DOMUS study, the patient and spouse received a psychological intervention based on existential-phenomenological therapy.Results:A therapist's therapeutic approach to breaking down age-related barriers to communication matters greatly. The existential-phenomenological method of epoché offers a way to effectively address ruptures and repairs in a working alliance, as it enhances the therapist's openness to learning. In addition, the insights of senior supervisors can promote a therapist's openness to learning.Significance of results:In conclusion, the method of epoché benefits the working alliance in several ways, as it enhances personal insight and provides methods for repairing an alliance. The reflections in this paper may be applied to clinical settings in oncology, gerontology, and palliative care, which are likely to be of great interest to young clinicians experiencing age-related challenges in their daily work.

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Han, Jong-hwan. "The ROK-U.S. Alliance from the Perspective of the U.S. : The Importance of the ROK-U.S. Alliance in the Resurgence of Great Power Politics." Journal of Strategic Studies 28, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 127–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.46226/jss.2021.07.28.2.127.

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Nogueira, Isabela, and Hao Qi. "The state and domestic capitalists in China’s economic transition: from great compromise to strained alliance." Critical Asian Studies 51, no. 4 (September 19, 2019): 558–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14672715.2019.1665469.

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Hayat, Muhammad Umer, Syeda Aqsa Sajjad, and Farrukh Shahzad. "GREAT POWERPLAY IN THE INDIAN OCEAN: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE REGION." Global Political Review V, no. IV (December 30, 2020): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(v-iv).08.

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The Indian Ocean is important due to its strategic location, geopolitical significance and trade activities being performed through it. The United States of America is attaining energy, and other resources have a deep interest in the region. China, through its "string of pearls strategy", is encountering the American goals in the regional by the promotion of its economic activities, securing its dominance in the region, thus posing a constant challenge to the later as well as a regional power i.e. India. Contending interests of regional and international powers in the Indian Ocean Region has led to power projection, affected the security environment, fuelling the issues. The necessity to preserve the available energy resources for survival and to meet future needs is attracting great powers to the Indian Ocean Region. The close alliance between the US and India and dwindling relations between the US and Pakistan are leading towards close ties between Pakistan and China.

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Hsu, Tsuen-Ho, and Jia-Wei Tang. "Applying fuzzy LinPreRa cognitive map to evaluate strategic alliance partnerships for outlying island duty-free shop." Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 31, no. 4 (September 9, 2019): 730–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-09-2018-0339.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to apply a fuzzy LinPreRa cognitive map to evaluate the interaction and importance of factors affecting the development of strategic alliance partnerships between the outlying island duty-free shops and existing collaboration firms in duty-free shops. Meanwhile, the key factors should be considered in establishing strategic alliance partnerships while analyzing and comparing the perspectives of owners for outlying island duty-free shop and partner vendors of collaborating firms along with differences of influencing key factors on partnership quality. Design/methodology/approach This study incorporates a fuzzy linguistic preference relation analytical network process (fuzzy LinPreRa ANP) in the fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) method to formulate a fuzzy LinPreRa cognitive map to evaluate the interactions and importance of key factors and the conditions of interactive impacts during the establishment of strategic alliance partnerships. The authors use the outlying island duty-free shops in Taiwan as the empirical subject to illustrate how the fuzzy LinPreRa cognitive map is applied. In-depth, interviews and questionnaire surveys are conducted to collect and evaluate respondents concerning key factors affecting strategic alliance partnerships establishment. Findings The following three findings based on the results of empirical analysis: first, the administrative behavioral patterns of managers for strategic alliance partnerships encompass shared values and goal coherence, while the associative statements are located on the first layer of fuzzy LinPreRa cognitive map core associations, which illustrates that businesses attach great importance to conceptual ideas. Second, integrity and reputations of both parties are the governing mechanism of strategic alliance partnerships, influencing mutual reputation. Third, the relationship of strategic alliance partnerships refers to the profit opportunities of both parties and their ability to respond to the market, including future development, regional indicators, marketing capabilities, brand multiplicity and customer retention. However, it can be inferred that such associative factors are located in the outer layer or belong to noncore associations, which means that both parties’ abilities to respond to market reactions are weakened. Practical implications This study provides valuable relationship managerial strategies to maintain long-term partnerships for outlying island duty-free shops and their alliance collaborating firms including strengthened relationships of both parties’ managers to achieve common values and consistent objectives; improved beneficial value of both parties in strategic alliance partnerships; continued close communications to enhance the quality of strategic alliance partnerships; and establishment of personnel training mechanisms and strict formulation of management rules for strategic alliance partnerships. Originality/value The main valuable contributions are included the fuzzy LinPreRa cognitive map by combining two different decision methods including FCM and fuzzy LinPreRa ANP is proposed to help decision makers to improve the evaluation quality and calculation efficiency for critical elements’ interaction and importance; the fuzzy LinPreRa cognitive map can clarify considering significant factors when maintaining strategic alliance partnerships and further provide valuable relationship managerial strategies to maintain long-term relationships for duty-free shop owners and their alliance collaborating firms.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Great Alliance'

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