Academic literature on the topic 'Great Britain – Commercial policy – History'

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Journal articles on the topic "Great Britain – Commercial policy – History"

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SUONPÄÄ, MIKA. "FINANCIAL SPECULATION, POLITICAL RISKS, AND LEGAL COMPLICATIONS: BRITISH COMMERCIAL DIPLOMACY IN THE BALKANS, c. 1906–1914." Historical Journal 55, no. 1 (2012): 97–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x11000537.

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ABSTRACTBefore 1914, a more intimate relationship started to develop between overseas commercial activity and foreign policy. This occurred as a consequence of the politicization of international business relations that came about when other great powers began increasingly to challenge Britain's global commercial, political, and imperial supremacy. Britain had traditionally followed alaissez-faireline when it came to supporting or protecting British overseas business enterprise. In the mid-1880s, Britain was compelled to review its policy. After this, the British government was prepared to off
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Grossman, Richard S. "The Shoe That Didn't Drop: Explaining Banking Stability During the Great Depression." Journal of Economic History 54, no. 3 (1994): 654–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700015072.

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This article attempts to account for the exceptional stability exhibited by the banking systems of Britain, Canada, and ten other countries during the Great Depression. It considers three possible explanations of stability—the structure of the commercial banking system, macroeconomic policy and performance, and lender of last resort behavior—employing data from 25 countries across Europe and North America. The results suggest that macroeconomic policy—especially exchange-rate policy—and banking structure, but not lenders of last resort, were systematically responsible for banking stability.
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Cuenca-Esteban, Javier. "Statistics of Spain's Colonial Trade, 1747–1820: New Estimates and Comparisons with Great Britain." Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History 26, no. 3 (2008): 323–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0212610900000379.

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AbstractNew estimates of Spain's current-account balance with the «Indies» add new perspectives to the recent debate on the aims and results of Spanish commercial policy. At the height of «comercio libre» in 1784–92, Spain's private commercial interests appear to have drawn larger financial returns from the Indies than did their British counterparts from wider colonial engagement. On this as on other scores, by the eve of the French wars the Spanish empire appears to have become a sounder economic proposition than might be inferred from recent pessimistic views. The empire's subsequent demise
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Devereux, David R. "State Versus Private Ownership: The Conservative Governments and British Civil Aviation 1951–62." Albion 27, no. 1 (1995): 65–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0095139000018536.

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Studies of post-1945 Britain have often concentrated upon political and foreign policy history and are only just now beginning to address the question of the restructuring of the British economy and domestic policy. Civil aviation, a subject of considerable interest to historians of interwar Britain, has not been given a similar degree of attention in the post-1945 era. Civil aviation policy was, however, given a very high priority by both the 1945-51 Labour government and its Conservative successors. Civil aviation represented part of the effort to return Britain to a peacetime economy by tra
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Becuwe, Stéphane, Bertrand Blancheton, and Christopher M. Meissner. "The French (Trade) Revolution of 1860: Intra-Industry Trade and Smooth Adjustment." Journal of Economic History 81, no. 3 (2021): 688–722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050721000371.

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The Cobden-Chevalier treaty of 1860 eliminated French import prohibitions and lowered tariffs between France and Great Britain. The policy change was largely unexpected and unusually free from direct lobbying. A series of commercial treaties with other nations followed. Post-1860, we find a significant rise in French intra-industry trade. Sectors that liberalized more experienced higher two-way trade. Our findings are consistent with the idea that trade liberalization led to “smooth adjustment” that avoided costly inter-sectoral re-allocations of factors.
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Petrov, A. Yu, A. N. Ermolaev, and M. M. Koskina. "The genesis of the struggle for colonys in the North Pacific region." Herald of Omsk University. Series: Historical studies 10, no. 1 (37) (2023): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/2312-1300.2023.10(1).95-106.

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The article is devoted to the origins of the struggle for colonies in the north of the Pacific Ocean in the context of the interaction between Russia, Great Britain and Spain in the 18th century, up to the voyage of J. Cook to the shores of Alaska. The activity of the European powers, which was associated with the discovery and colonization in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean, is considered. The history of the colonization of these territories is shown, as well as expeditions are studied. The article proves that the North Pacific has long attracted the attention of the powers of Europe.
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Vasileva, Anna Y. "On the issue of the British presence in Egypt: the business of “Thomas Cook and Son” in the assessment of contemporaries (the last third of the 19th century)." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 191 (2021): 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2021-26-191-224-232.

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The purpose of the study is to determine how the development of the tourism business of Thomas Cook and Son in the Nile Valley influenced the perception and assessment of contemporaries of the British presence in Egypt at the end of the 19th century. The relevance of the analyzed problem lies in the fact that the study of the history of tourism in the era of New imperialism allows us to supplement our understanding of the representations of the empire and private busi-ness and their mutual influence. It is substantiated that, according to the views of contemporaries, the activities of the comp
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Leboissetier, Léa. "‘Johnny Onions!’: Seasonal Pedlars from Brittany and their Good Reputation in Great Britain (1870s–1970s)." Journal of Migration History 7, no. 2 (2021): 85–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-00702001.

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Abstract The Onion Johnnies were a group of French seasonal migrants and door-to-door traders who travelled to Britain from the mid-nineteenth to the late twentieth centuries. This article explores their surprisingly good reputation among the British population and authorities: while pedlars were often conflated with tramps, suspicious aliens or disreputable individuals by the police, the Johnnies’ reliance on established familial and commercial networks meant they benefited from a positive stereotype. While hawking was generally perceived as an anachronistic and unrewarding occupation, French
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Mergel, Thomas. "Americanization, European Styles or National Codes? The Culture of Election Campaigning in Western Europe, 1945–1990." East Central Europe 36, no. 2 (2009): 254–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633009x411520.

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AbstractThe culture of election campaigning in postwar Western Europe allegedly has been shaped by a process of Americanization. In terms of political communication, Americanization has four distinct features: proximity of political marketing to commercial marketing, personalization and professionalization of campaigns, and media centered strategies. Based on an analyses of some European cultures of electioneering – Germany, Great Britain, and Italy – the main thesis of the paper is that the shared features are only to a smaller degree the results of American influences, but rather parallel tr
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Gordon, Leonard H. D. "Taiwan and the Limits of British Power, 1868." Modern Asian Studies 22, no. 2 (1988): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00000950.

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When the treaty system between the western powers and China was firmly established in 1860, a new ‘cooperative’ approach emerged in Great Britain's commercial and diplomatic transactions. British authorities believed that a conciliatory manner would bring greater gain in fostering British commercial and developmental interests in China rather than aggressive demands. The treaty system, they envisioned, would bring stability and reason to what had been an arbitrary and often combative relationship. After nearly a decade of trial under the new system, two disturbing incidents occurred on Taiwan
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Great Britain – Commercial policy – History"

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Szpakowicz, Błażej Sebastian. "British trade, political economy and commercial policy towards the United States, 1783-1815." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610189.

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Bisson, Douglas Ronald. "The Merchant Adventurers and the Tudor commonwealth: the formulation of a trade policy, 1485-1565 /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487335992905996.

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Chalmers, Malcolm G. "Nuclear weapons and British defence policy : an examination of nuclear aspects of British foreign and defence policy 1940-1990." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4220.

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This thesis is an attempt to understand the role of nuclear weapons in Britain's defence and foreign policies. It works from the assumption that decisions in relation to nuclear weapons, can only be understood in the context of a broader overview of the British state's policies since the 1940's. In turn Britain's nuclear policies have made a decisive impact on defence policy as a whole and have had an important effect on international developments. It is hoped that this thesis will contribute to a better-understanding of the causes and effects of the nuclear weapons policies adopted by the UK
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Horne, Fiona. "Explaining British Refugee Policy, March 1938 - July 1940." Thesis, University of Canterbury. History, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1043.

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The twentieth century has aptly been referred to the century of the refugee.1 In the twentieth century, refugees became an important international problem which seriously affected relations between states and refugee issues continue to play an important part in international relations in the twenty-first century. The refugee crisis created by the Nazis in the 1930s was without precedent and the British government was unsure how to respond. British refugee policy was still in a formative stage and was therefore susceptible to outside influences. This dissertation aims to explain the key factors
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Fitzgerald, Patrick 1944. "Lost horizons : the British government and civil aviation between the wars, 1919-1939." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22586.

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In the inter-war period Great Britain lost its pre-eminence in aviation. The new industries centered on civil aviation were not appropriately nurtured. The roots of this decline were in policies struck for military considerations in the pre 1914 period. The emergent institution of the war, the Air Ministry, continued the military priority. Civil Aviation was controlled by an essentially military institution. In the immediate post-war period airline development was inadequately subsidized. The government's chosen instrument, Imperial Airways, failed to nurture civil aviation development. Emerge
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Lawrence, David. "British agricultural policy, 1917-1932." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55612.

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Alsabah, Mohammad. "Welfare Economics and Public Policy in Early 20th Century Great Britain." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1723.

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The Liberal welfare reforms were a series of bills passed in the British Parliament in the early twentieth-century. Initiated in response to a number of pressing economic and social issues, the Liberal welfare reforms were legislated with the purpose of combating poverty and improving the livelihood of the British working-class citizen. This thesis in economics outlines and examines critically the economic design behind the Liberal welfare reforms between 1906 and 1914.
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Drolet, Marc 1968. "The anatomy of the British battle cruiser and British naval policy, 1904-1920 /." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68084.

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The Battle Cruiser was the result of the naval arms race and the realisation that England's undisputed mastery of the seas was over. The ship was the next logical step in the evolution of the Cruiser. Historians have generally considered this type of warship as an expensive mistake. While it was not as successful as its creators might have hoped, neither was it the disaster claimed by many of its critics. Once the British chose to build these ships, not only did they have no choice but to keep building more of them, but they also had to build larger, more powerful and expensive Battle Cruisers
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Makin, Dorothy. "Policy making in secondary education : evidence from two local authorities 1944-1972." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f976f873-c5c2-493a-87ab-1fa7ef8e4e19.

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The 1944 Butler Act laid the legal foundations for a new secondary education system in England, one which would see all children entitled to free and compulsory schooling up to the age of 15. The Act therefore represented a bold step forward in the pursuit of a fairer society: expanding access to training and qualifications, while promoting a more equal distribution of educational opportunities. This thesis explores the process of constructing and delivering secondary education policy in England following the 1944 Butler Education Act. It offers a close examination of two Local Education Autho
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Mansfield, Malcolm Richard. "Organising the labour market : unemployment and policy in Great Britain and France 1880-1914." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265500.

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Books on the topic "Great Britain – Commercial policy – History"

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Verdier, Daniel. Democracy and international trade: Britain, France, and the United States, 1860-1990. Princeton University Press, 1994.

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Koehn, Nancy F. The power of commerce: Economy and governance in the first British Empire. Cornell University Press, 1994.

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Shafaeddin, S. M. How did developed countries industrialize?: The history of trade and industrial policy : the cases of Great Britain and the USA. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, 1998.

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Markiewicz, Mariusz. Polityka gospodarcza i społeczna Privy Council w latach panowania Karola II 1660-1685: Administracja wobec kryzysu merkantylizmu. Nakł. Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, 1990.

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Dunn, Walter S. The new imperial economy: The British army and the American frontier. Praeger, 2001.

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F, Sutton Anne, and Visser-Fuchs Livia, eds. The book of privileges of the Merchant Adventurers of England, 1296-1483. New York, 2009.

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F, Sutton Anne, and Visser-Fuchs Livia, eds. The book of privileges of the Merchant Adventurers of England, 1296-1483. New York, 2009.

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Marrison, Andrew. British business and protection, 1903-1932. Clarendon Press, 1996.

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Leslie, Fairweather, and McConville Seán, eds. Prison architecture: Policy, design, and experience. Architectural Press, 2000.

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Drummond, Ian M. Negotiating freer trade: The United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, and the trade agreements of 1938. Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Great Britain – Commercial policy – History"

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O'Brien, D. P. "The Taxation and Commercial Policy of Great Britain." In The History of Taxation Vol 5. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003547495-3.

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Knight, Melvin M., Harry Elmer Barnes, and Felix Flügel. "Commercial Development Since 1800 — Great Britain, France, and Germany." In Economic History of Europe. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003354727-19.

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Minto, John. "Commercial and Technical Libraries." In A History of the Public Library Movement in Great Britain and Ireland. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003545200-17.

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Minto, John. "Public Library Progress and Policy." In A History of the Public Library Movement in Great Britain and Ireland. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003545200-11.

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Wasylkowska-Michór, Magdalena. "The Impact of Brexit on the Arbitration Procedure in Great Britain." In Cofola International 2021. Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-8639-2021-4.

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The current position of the UK as the most frequently chosen place for international commercial arbit-ration is the result of long period of growth and development of arbitration proceedings in this country. As of 31 December 2020, the UK ceased to be a member of the EU, the problem arose how would in-ternational arbitration in this country look like. The main aim of this contribution is firstly to show how the arbitration procedure in the UK works and what is its legal basis. The paper then focuses on the procedure for the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards, which is particularly
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White, Patti. "Tobacco in Great Britain." In Tobacco and Public Health: Science and Policy. Oxford University PressOxford, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198526872.003.0010.

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Abstract The British love affair with tobacco began in the sixteenth century with the pipe smoking Elizabethan pirates who sailed with Hawkins and Drake. While many mid-sixteenth century Europeans were exploring the supposed curative properties of tobacco, the English seized upon this new import from the Americas as a substance to be enjoyed. By the end of Elizabeth I’s reign, smoking was observed in all classes of society (Corti 1931). Elizabeth’s successor, James I, is renown for fulminating against smoking in his A Counterblaste to Tobacco (1604) but, not for the last time, the commercial v
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"Chapter II Catherine II and the Formulation of Commercial Policy." In Russian Overseas Commerce with Great Britain During the Reign of Catherine II. The American Philosophical Society Press, 1995. https://doi.org/10.70249/9780871693983-008.

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Salway, Peter. "Hadrianic Britain." In A History of Roman Britain. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192801388.003.0007.

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Abstract The death of Trajan in n7 marks a turning-point m Roman, indeed European, history. In Britain Trajan’s reign had been a period of military withdrawal and consolidation, in sharp contrast to his expansion of the empire elsewhere. In Dacia and Mesopotamia his campaigns won whole new regions, and that alone is enough to explain why no forward policy was adopted in Britain. In many ways, Trajanic Britain foreshadows the general imperial strategy of Hadrian, who gave up the expansionist policy and abandoned Trajan’s new territories in the east. In the military sphere, Hadrian concentrated
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"Treaty of Nanjing." In Milestone Documents in World History. Schlager Group Inc., 2024. https://doi.org/10.3735/9781961844056.book-part-089.

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The Treaty of Nanjing ended the Opium War of 1839–1842 and created the framework for a new commercial and diplomatic relationship between Great Britain and the Qing Empire of China. By demanding that China open new ports, fix regular tariffs on imports and exports, and abolish the merchant guild, or “Cohong,” system of commerce, the Treaty of Nanjing rectified for the British what they considered to be long-standing problems in their dealings with the Chinese. In the immediate sense, then, the Treaty of Nanjing provided a legal and enforceable means of maintaining a “harmonious” relationship b
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Kirilenko, Svetlana V. "Linguo-historical Analysis of Oikonyms in Great Britain." In Modern Language Policy: Theory and Practice. A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/978-5-9208-0707-6-343-358.

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The toponymy of Great Britain has more than two thousand years of history. For a long time, various linguistic and speech communities coexisted on the territory of the country, which was reflected in the variety of combinations of linguistic elements in the oikonyms of the country. The vocabulary used by them is reflected in various urban toponyms. Toponyms differ in the historical period of appearance, and in linguistic origin, the method of word formation. The article discusses the features of linguistic and historical characteristics in the nominations of cities in the toponymy of Great Bri
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Conference papers on the topic "Great Britain – Commercial policy – History"

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Yampolska, L. M. "EEC/EU regional policy and regional development programs in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1970s – 1990s)." In CURRENT RESEARCH AREAS IN HISTORY, POLITICAL SCIENCE, SOCIOLOGY, AND PHILOSOPHY. Baltija Publishing, 2024. https://doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-517-4-6.

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Khizriyev, A. Kh. "The Creation of the United Saudi State in the Context of International Relations in the 1920s-1930s." In IV Международный научный форум "Наследие". SB RAS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-6049863-7-0-66-71.

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The article studies the most crucial period in the history of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) – the emergence of the third Saudi state. This event was one of the immediate results of World War I since the winners – Great Britain and France – redrawn the Middle East map after the Ottoman Empire's dissolution. Its founder, Abdel-Aziz ibn Saud, played a vital role in creating the Saudi state. His personal leadership and diplomatic qualities influenced the success of restoring the Saudi state in the Arabian Peninsula. Nevertheless, the great powers were the main actors in this event and used it
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Guilherme Semedo, Maria, João Rui Pita, and Ana Leonor Pereira. "Quality assessment of quinine sulfate samples in 19th and early 20th centuries in Portugal: the role of the Lusitanian Pharmaceutical Society." In 46th INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS FOR THE HISTORY OF PHARMACY. Pharmaceutical Association of Serbia, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/ishp46.155s.

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Cinchona bark-derived medicines such as quinine sulfate were the only effective and widely used antimalarial treatments until the mid-twentieth century. The aim of this communication is to find and discuss references to quality control of quinine sulfate samples in a Portuguese pharmaceutical journal. For this purpose, we analyzed the Jornal da Sociedade Pharmaceutica Lusitana (Journal of the Lusitanian Pharmaceutical Society). This was an important Portuguese journal, edited by the Lusitanian Pharmaceutical Society, a pharmacist’s organization (1838-1933). This journal reflects Portuguese pha
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Pollett, Buford, Ty Johannes, and Vahid Atashbari. "America's Maritime Energy Superhighways for CO2, Hydrogen and LNG Transportation." In SPE Energy Transition Symposium. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/221384-ms.

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Abstract Throughout American history, Presidents have recognized the vital role of the nation's abundant natural resources, beginning with George Washington, who appreciated the strategic importance of navigable waterways. He notably showcased numerous paintings of rivers, including the iconic Hudson River, in the New Room of his Mount Vernon home. In recent times, there has been significant opposition from stakeholders and political leaders against pipeline construction in the United States. Consequently, the inland waterways, along with the navigable waterways of the Atlantic, the Great Lake
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Reports on the topic "Great Britain – Commercial policy – History"

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Tymoshyk, Mykola. LONDON MAGAZINE «LIBERATION WAY» AND ITS PLACE IN THE HISTORY OF UKRAINIAN JOURNALISM ABROAD. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11057.

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One of the leading Western Ukrainian diaspora journals – London «Liberation Way», founded in January 1949, has become the subject of the study for the first time in journalism. Archival documents and materials of the Ukrainian Publishing Union in London and the British National Library (British Library) were also observed. The peculiarities of the magazine’s formation and the specifics of the editorial policy, founders and publishers are clarified. A group of OUN members who survived Hitler’s concentration camps and ended up in Great Britain after the end of World War II initiated the foundati
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Saville, Alan, and Caroline Wickham-Jones, eds. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland : Scottish Archaeological Research Framework Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.163.

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Why research Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland? Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology sheds light on the first colonisation and subsequent early inhabitation of Scotland. It is a growing and exciting field where increasing Scottish evidence has been given wider significance in the context of European prehistory. It extends over a long period, which saw great changes, including substantial environmental transformations, and the impact of, and societal response to, climate change. The period as a whole provides the foundation for the human occupation of Scotland and is crucial for understan
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