Journal articles: 'Great Moravia'

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Macháček, Jiří, Petr Dresler, and Renáta Přichystalová. "Das Ende Großmährens – Überlegungen zur relativen und absoluten Chronologie des ostmitteleuropäischen Frühmittelalters." Praehistorische Zeitschrift 93, no. 2 (April 8, 2019): 307–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pz-2018-0010.

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Abstract The Fall of Great Moravia. Reflections on relative and absolute chronology of Early Middle Ages in the East-Central Europe. Dating the so-called Great Moravian jewelry and Great Moravian church graveyards is one of the crucial tasks of archaeology of the Early Middle Ages. The chronological systems developed based on the rich graves investigated over the past 60 years within the Czech Republic help in dating archaeological finds from the 9th to the 10th century all over Europe. This study addresses the question of how long the luxury jewelry existed as part of living culture and until when the earliest church graveyards with burials of people clad in the traditional Great Moravian costume existed in Moravia. The solution to this problem is supported by assessments of finds from graves excavated at Pohansko near Břeclav and, most importantly, by radiocarbon dating the application of which is still not common in archaeology of the Early Middle Ages. The result of the present research is a finding that in Great Moravian church graveyards burials continued consistently until the mid-10th century, occasionally probably even a little longer. People were interred there wearing the typical Great Moravian costume which included the luxury jewelry as its component. It is a significant correction of the previous opinions and a partial return to the original dating of Great Moravian material culture from the 1950s and 1960s.

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Gluchman, Vasil. "Ethics and politics of Great Moravia of the 9th century." Ethics & Bioethics 8, no. 1-2 (June 1, 2018): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ebce-2018-0007.

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Abstract The author studies the role of Christianity in two forms of 9th century political ethics in the history of Great Moravia, represented by the Great Moravian rulers Rastislav and Svatopluk. Rastislav’s conception predominantly uses the pre-Erasmian model of political ethics based on the pursuit of welfare for the country and its inhabitants by achieving the clerical-political independence of Great Moravia from the Frankish kingdom and, moreover, by utilising Christianity for the advancement of culture, education, literature, law and legality, as well as by spreading Christian ethics and morality in the form of the Christian code of ethics expressed in ethicallegal documents. Svatopluk’s political conception was a prototype of Machiavellian political ethics, according to which one is, in the interest of the country and its power and fame, allowed to be a lion and/or a fox. Svatopluk abused Christianity in the name of achieving his power-oriented goals. Great Moravia outlived Rastislav; it did not, however, outlive Svatopluk, as, shortly after his death, it broke up and ceased to exist. The author came to the conclusion that Rastislav’s conception was more viable, as its cultural heritage lives on in the form of works by Constantine and Methodius.

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Chorvátová, Hana, and Matej Harvát. "Ženské a detské hroby s honosným šperkom v dlhom 9. storočí v Čechách, na Morave a na Slovensku (komparácia, identifikácia elít a pokus o novú historickú interpretáciu formovania veľkomoravského Nitrianska)." Musaica Archaeologica 5, no. 1 (2020): 51–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.46283/musarch.2020.1.04.

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The study primarily deals with the archeological findings of the women and children luxurious jewelry from the burial sites located at regions nort of the Danube of the so-called Great Moravia. The paper consists of two parts – surveys of archeological and textual evidence. The main goal is interdisciplinary evaluation and comparison of available and well–known sources which indicate a specific discrepancy in the general historiographic interpretation of the formation of the Great Moravian „state“. The discrepancy between archeological and historiographic interpretation is much more obvious in the case of the so-called Principality of Nitra and its assumed elite. The first part of the study contains a comparative analysis of the findings of luxurious jewelry from the regions of present-day Bohemia, Moravia and western Slovakia, where authors point out the qualitative and quantitative differences in the spatial distribution of these artifacts. In the second part, the authors propose the alternative explanatory model of the formation of the so-called core area of Great Moravia based on the different reading of some notorious textual evidence. In this section is critically examined a conventional and rather problematic historiographic explanation based on the notion of the unification of (old) Moravian principality and „Nitrava“ principality as a consequence of the expulsion of Priwina from Nitra by the Moravian dux Mojmír I around 833. Contrastingly, authors rather suggest the later incorporation of the Nitra region to the political unit ruled by the Moravian prince which may have happend as a result of Svätopluk expansion.

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Macháček, Jiří. "Disputes over Great Moravia: chiefdom or state? the Morava or the Tisza River?" Early Medieval Europe 17, no. 3 (July 21, 2009): 248–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0254.2009.00276.x.

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Gluchman, Vasil. "The literary works as a code of ethics in Great Moravia." Ethics & Bioethics 9, no. 3-4 (December 1, 2019): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ebce-2019-0017.

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Abstract The author studies selected fundamental literary records from Great Moravia of the 9th century (The rules of the holy fathers [Zapovědi svatych otcov], Judicial law for laymen [Zakon sudnyj ljudem], Nomocanon [Nomokanon], Adhortation to rulers [Vladykam zemle Božie slovo velit]) presumably compiled, translated or created by Constantine (Cyril) and Methodius, the Thessaloniki brothers. In the context of defining early and medieval Christian ethics, the author concluded that the texts in question contain elements of the Christian code of ethics, by means of which Constantine (Cyril) and Methodius, following the model of the Byzantine Emperors Leo III and Constantine V, wished to form the social morality of Great Moravia. Based on this, the author holds the opinion that the history of Christian ethics in Moravia, Slovakia and Bohemia goes as far back as the activities of Constantine (Cyril) and Methodius and the period of Great Moravia.

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Košulič, Ondřej. "Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Forest Ecosystems of Třesín National Nature Monument (Litovelské Pomoraví, Czech Republic) with Suggestions to Conservation Management of the Locality." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 63, no. 3 (2015): 751–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201563030751.

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This paper presents faunistic records of spiders in the forest ecosystems of the Třesín National Nature Monument. Spiders were surveyed from 29 April 2013 to 25 October 2013. A total of 1012 individual spiders were collected from eight sites by pitfall traps, individual collection, sweeping grasses and herb vegetation, beating shrubs and trees, and shifting leaf litters. Spiders were identified as 146 species from 94 genera and 27 families. The families Linyphiidae, Lycosidae, Gnaphosidae, and Thomisidae exhibited high species diversity. Three species listed on the Red List of Threatened Species in the Czech Republic were recorded: Dysdera moravica (Řezáč, Gasparo, Král & Heneberg, 2014), Megalepthyphantes pseudocollinus (Saaristo, 1997), and Nusoncus nasutus (Schenkel, 1925). The finding of N. nasutus is among the first reports of this spider in the Moravia region. Several findings represent the northernmost occurrences of rare thermophilous spiders in Moravia and even the Czech Republic. The great richness of araneofauna and the occurrence of rare and poorly known spider species confirm the high biotic value of Třesín within the agriculturally intensified landscape of Moravia.

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Malinovská, Nora. "Problems of Slavic identity on the pages of the Slovak journal «Konštantínove listy / Constantine’s Letters»." Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana 29, no. 1 (2021): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2021.110.

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The author provides an overview of articles on the topic of Slavic identity and the development of common Slavic self-consciousness published in the international scientific journal «Konštantínove listy / Constantine’s Letters», published by the Institute for Research of the Cultural Heritage of Constantine and Methodius of the Faculty of Philosophy named after Constantine the Philosopher in Nitra (Slovakia). The main goal of the journal, founded in 2008, is to present the actual results of research on the problems and topics related to the cultural and political history of Great Moravia, as well as the functioning of the Cyril and Methodius tradition in the Slavic world in later times, right up to the present day. Analyzing the results of research published on the pages of the journal, the author comes to the conclusion that most of the authors are looking for and find the initial impulse of common Slavic self-consciousness in Great Moravia. It is the ideological and cultural heritage of the Great Moravian Cyril and Methodius tradition, primarily the Slavic alphabet, literature and Church Slavonic language, that became the basis for the formation of the Slavic world as an ethnic, cultural and historical integrity.

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8

Curta, Florin. "The history and archaeology of Great Moravia: an introduction." Early Medieval Europe 17, no. 3 (July 21, 2009): 238–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0254.2009.00275.x.

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9

Jáger, Róbert. "Guilt and Culpability in the Law of Great Moravia." Konštantínove listy/Constantine's Letters 14, no. 2 (October 31, 2021): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17846/cl.2021.14.2.26-36.

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Mahel, Richard. "„Stručná historie Literatury české“. K osudu nevydané učebnice rajhradského benediktina Bedy Dudíka k dějinám české literatury z roku 1847." Historia Scholastica 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15240/tul/006/2020-2-005.

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In the years 1841–1854 the Benedictine Beda Dudík (1815–1890) worked as a teacher at the Episcopal Institute of Philosophy in Brno and then at the Higher Grammar School in Brno. As a teacher and a supporter of a development of the Czech national movement in Moravia he strove for the introduction of teaching of the Czech language and literature in the Moravian church education. He succeeded in his efforts and the Court study commission and the Episcopal ordinariate in Brno permitted teaching of the Czech language within the school curriculum of the Institute of Philosophy. For the successful completion of the teaching, Dudik compiled a textbook for his students about history of the Czech language and book writing and he intended to publish it in print at “Matice česká” in Prague. The textbook was approved successfully in a censorship procedure; however, it was not finally published in print due to disagreements with the authors of the compiled works. Nevertheless, it was significant for the development of national efforts in Moravia and it, first and foremost, revealed the young Beda Dudík as a great supporter of the then minority Czech national movement in Moravia, which changed later when he left his pedagogical experience in favour of his better-known historiographical, official and diplomatic practice.

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Gábriš, Tomáš, and Róbert Jáger. "Dispute Resolution in Great Moravia and the Role of Posluchъ." Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Germanistische Abteilung 135, no. 1 (August 1, 2018): 325–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26498/zrgga-2018-1350110.

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Doláková, Nela, Petr Dresler, Gabriela Dreslerová, Martin Ivanov, Petr Kočár, Romana Kočárová, and Slavomír Nehyba. "Vývoj interakce přírodního prostředí a subsistenční strategie raně středověké společnosti: Pohansko u Břeclavi a okolí / Development of interaction of the environment and the subsistence strategy of early medieval society: Pohansko near Břeclav and surroundings." Archeologické rozhledy 72, no. 4 (March 15, 2021): 523–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.35686/ar.2020.19.

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Multidisciplinary research based on the interpretation of data acquired by archaeological and natural science methods and their correlation. The main objective is to reconstruct the interaction of factors of the environment and the living conditions of human communities and their development from the 6th until the early 12th century. The study will draw on research of the complex of the Great Moravian centre at Pohansko near Břeclav (South Moravia), its surroundings and hinterland. The subsistence strategy and its development in the early medieval society was studied on the basis of finds related to farming production and the subsequent processing of the products.

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13

Halffman, Carrin M., and Petr Velemínský. "Stable isotope evidence for diet in early medieval Great Moravia (Czech Republic)." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 2 (June 2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2014.12.006.

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Brázdil, R., K. Chromá, L. Řezníčková, H. Valášek, L. Dolák, Z. Stachoň, E. Soukalová, and P. Dobrovolný. "Taxation records as a source of information for the study of historical floods in South Moravia, Czech Republic." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 11, no. 7 (July 2, 2014): 7291–330. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-7291-2014.

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Abstract. Since the second half of the 17th century, tax relief has been available to farmers and landowners to offset flood damage to property (buildings) and land (fields, meadows, pastures, gardens) in South Moravia, Czech Republic. Historically, the written applications for this were supported by a relatively efficient bureaucratic process that left a clear data trail of documentation, preserved at several levels: in the communities affected, in regional offices, and in the Moravian Land Office, all of which are to be found in estate and family collections in the Moravian Land Archives in the city of Brno, the provincial capital. As well as detailed information about damage done and administrative responses to it, data is often preserved as to the flood event itself, the time of its occurrence and its impacts, sometimes together with causes and stages. The final flood database based on taxation records is used here to describe the temporal and spatial density of both flood events and the records themselves. The information derived is used to help create long-term flood chronologies for the Rivers Dyje, Jihlava, Svratka and Morava, combining floods interpreted from taxation records with other documentary data and floods derived from later systematic hydrological measurements (water levels, discharges). Common periods of higher flood frequency appear largely in 1821–1850 and 1921–1950, although this shifts to several other decades for individual rivers. Certain uncertainties are inseparable from flood data taxation records: their spatial and temporal incompleteness; the inevitable limitation to larger-scale damage and to the summer half-year; and the different characters of rivers, including land-use changes and channel modifications. Taxation data has great potential for extending our knowledge of past floods for the rest of the Czech Republic as well, not to mention other European countries in which records have survived.

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Katuninec. "The Mission of the Thessaloniki Brothers in Great Moravia—Between Constantinople and Rome." Hiperboreea 8, no. 2 (2021): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/hiperboreea.8.2.0159.

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Ward, W. R. "‘An Awakened Christianity’. The Austrian Protestants and Their Neighbours in the Eighteenth Century." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 40, no. 1 (January 1989): 53–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046900035429.

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The Austrian Protestants of the eighteenth century are not without their memorials; the noble series of Jahrbücher produced by the Society for the History of Austrian Protestantism and the bicentennial celebrations of Joseph II's Toleration Patent in 1981 have seen to that. But whereas the Hungarian Protestants are perceived as central to the history of their kingdom, the great Protestant emigration from Salzburg in 1731–2 receives a mention in general histories produced outside England, the Moravian propaganda machine has ensured that the religious fate of Bohemia and Moravia figures in the general myth of Protestant revival, and even the development of Silesian Protestantism has attracted new attention, the Austrian Protestants seem never to be centre stage, though their irritating presence in the wings is admitted to goad the Habsburgs in their search for new methods of government.

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Šťastná, Milada, Antonín Vaishar, Kateřina Ryglová, Ida Rašovská, and Silvie Zámečník. "Cultural Tourism as a Possible Driver of Rural Development in Czechia. Wine Tourism in Moravia as a Case Study." European Countryside 12, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 292–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/euco-2020-0017.

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AbstractThe paper connects culture, tourism and rural development. It tries to make an overview of various forms of cultural tourism in Czechia. Attractions of cultural tourism are identified and ranked according to their cognitive function. Their list includes cultural heritage in spheres of archaeological sites, architecture, arts, folklore, pilgrimages, technical works, cultural events or protected landscape areas. The culture of wine in Southern Moravia has been chosen as an example. Its analysis was elaborated using the Importance/Performance Analysis. Czechia has great potential for the cultural tourism development in rural areas but it seems to demand a great deal of work when one needs to be constantly reconciling the changing interests of tourists with the potential of the regions. One of the important goals is to attract tourists into rural areas and thus limit their concentration in the most attractive places. Rural cultural tourism seems to be a significant aspect in this respect. The part of the study is the example of the adaptation of the current situation with COVID-19 to properly support the development and cultural potential of domestic tourism in South Moravian region in relation to the economic impacts on international tourism.

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Brázdil, R., K. Chromá, H. Valášek, and L. Dolák. "Hydrometeorological extremes and their impacts, as derived from taxation records for south-eastern Moravia, Czech Republic, AD 1751–1900." Climate of the Past Discussions 7, no. 6 (December 9, 2011): 4261–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-7-4261-2011.

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Abstract. Historical written records associated with tax relief at ten estates located in south-eastern Moravia (Czech Republic) are used for the study of hydrometeorological extremes and their impacts during the period AD 1751–1900. At the time, the taxation system in Moravia allowed farmers to request tax relief if their crop yields had been negatively affected by hydrological and meteorological extremes. The documentation involved contains information about the type of extreme event and the date of its occurrence, while the impact on crops may often be derived. A total of 175 extreme events resulting in some kind of damage is documented for 1751–1900, with the highest concentration between 1811 and 1860 (74.9% of all events analysed). The nature of events leading to damage (of a possible 272 types) include hailstorm (25.7%), torrential rain (21.7%), and flood (21.0%), followed by thunderstorm, flash flood, late frost and windstorm. The four most outstanding events, affecting the highest number of settlements, were thunderstorms with hailstorms (25 June 1825, 20 May 1847 and 29 June 1890) and flooding of the River Morava (mid-June 1847). Hydrometeorological extremes in the 1816–1855 period are compared with those occurring during the recent 1961–2000 period. The results obtained are inevitably influenced by uncertainties related to taxation records, such as their temporal and spatial incompleteness, the limits of the period of outside agricultural work (i.e. mainly May–August) and the purpose for which they were originally collected (primarily tax alleviation, i.e. information about hydrometeorological extremes was of secondary importance). Taxation records constitute an important source of data for historical climatology and historical hydrology and have a great potential for use in many European countries.

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Brázdil, R., K. Chromá, H. Valášek, and L. Dolák. "Hydrometeorological extremes derived from taxation records for south-eastern Moravia, Czech Republic, 1751–1900 AD." Climate of the Past 8, no. 2 (March 13, 2012): 467–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-467-2012.

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Abstract. Historical written records associated with tax relief at ten estates located in south-eastern Moravia (Czech Republic) are used for the study of hydrometeorological extremes and their impacts during the period 1751–1900 AD. At the time, the taxation system in Moravia allowed farmers to request tax relief if their crop yields had been negatively affected by hydrological and meteorological extremes. The documentation involved contains information about the type of extreme event and the date of its occurrence, while the impact on crops may often be derived. A total of 175 extreme events resulting in some kind of damage are documented for 1751–1900, with the highest concentration between 1811 and 1860 (74.9% of all events analysed). The nature of events leading to damage (of a possible 272 types) include hailstorm (25.7%), torrential rain (21.7%), flood (21.0%), followed by thunderstorm, flash flood, late frost and windstorm. The four most outstanding events, affecting the highest number of settlements, were thunderstorms with hailstorms (25 June 1825, 20 May 1847 and 29 June 1890) and flooding of the River Morava (mid-June 1847). Hydrometeorological extremes in the 1816–1855 period are compared with those occurring during the recent 1961–2000 period. The results obtained are inevitably influenced by uncertainties related to taxation records, such as their temporal and spatial incompleteness, the limits of the period of outside agricultural work (i.e. mainly May–August) and the purpose for which they were originally collected (primarily tax alleviation, i.e. information about hydrometeorological extremes was of secondary importance). Taxation records constitute an important source of data for historical climatology and historical hydrology and have a great potential for use in many European countries.

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Hetényi, Martin, and Peter Ivanič. "The Contribution of Ss. Cyril and Methodius to Culture and Religion." Religions 12, no. 6 (June 7, 2021): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12060417.

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The Byzantine mission of saint brothers Cyril and Methodius had a major impact on the spiritual history of Great Moravia. In the centuries that followed, their works paved the way for the political and historical development of the Slavic nations, mainly in South-East and East Europe. The mission, which reached Great Moravia in 863, had several dimensions. The most important were evangelism and the cultural and civilizational dimensions. Translations of the Gospel and liturgical texts into Old Church Slavonic intensified the religious life of our ancestors and laid the foundations of literature and culture for almost the entire Slavic world. From this point of view, research should be focused on the role and reflection of this historical and cultural heritage in the ecclesiastical and spiritual, national and cultural life of the Slavic nations. The aim of this article is to assess the significance of Christian and Byzantine cultural values in terms of the collective Slavic identity. The Cyrillo-Methodian idea manifests itself in the history of the Slavic world as a complex but solid foundation, capable of renewing the sleeping or inhibited energy and values in the areas of faith, culture, literature, arts, education, upbringing, as well as national consciousness.

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Masnicová, S., and R. Beňuš. "Developmental anomalies in skeletal remains from the Great Moravia and Middle Ages cemeteries at Devín (Slovakia)." International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 13, no. 5 (September 2003): 266–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oa.684.

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Kazanski, Michel. "Sacrifices of Horses in “Princely” Tombs During the Late Phase of the Great Migration Period." Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, no. 4 (August 30, 2021): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.55086/sp21495108.

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The article considers a few graves of the elite of the Great Migration Period, containing several burials of horses. In the German context, this is a “royal” burial in Tournai on the territory of modern Belgium, owned by King Childeric (died 481/482) and burials in a barrow in Žuráň, in South Moravia, probably belonging to the Lombard royal family. Their parallels in Eastern Europe are finds in the necropolis of Sirenevaya Buhta in the Eastern Crimea and Malai in the region of Eastern Azov Sea. Horse burials in Western and Central Europe can be associated with the influence of the Huns on aristocratic civilization, and reflect the high social status of the buried.

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Kurhajcova, A. "The Representation of Great Moravia and its Fall in Hungarian / Magyar Historiography during the Period of Dualism." Codrul Cosminului. New series 21, no. 2 (2015): 169–88.

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Ivanič, Peter. "On the Matter of Imported Artefacts from the Byzantine Empire on Territory of Great Moravia in the 9th Century." Konštantínove listy/Constantine's Letters 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17846/cl.2016.9.1.3-10.

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Grzesik, Ryszard. "ETNOGENEZA SŁOWIAN W POLSKICH KRONIKA CH ŚREDNIOWIECZNYCH." Slavia Antiqua. Rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim, no. 61 (November 4, 2020): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/sa.2020.61.4.

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Historiography including the story of native origins created ideological bonds in new states, created the state and afterwards national consciousness. The Latin cultural roots of Christianity and the awareness of the similarities of Slavic languages played a role in ethnographical stories told in Polish medieval chronicles. While keen on presenting Polish origins, the first Polish chronicles did not deal with ethnogenesis of Slavs. Only in the 14th century did the chroniclers adopt an ethnogenetical approach. Dzierzwa introduced the Biblical genealogy to Polish medieval historiography and derived the origins of the Poles from Japhet. The Slavic Interpolator of the Great-Polish Chronicle presented the Pannonian concept of the origin of Slavs which probably emerged in Great-Moravia and was preserved in Rus’ historical tradition. This story was used by John Dąbrówka in his commentaries to the Chronicle of Vincent Kadłubek and by John Długosz who created the erudite vision of Polish ethnogenesis, based on popular tables of nations.

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Kulhánková, Zora. "The Italian Garden Influence Within the Development of Garden Design in the Czech Lands (Bohemia and Moravia)." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 65, no. 5 (2017): 1543–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201765051543.

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This article puts the Czech garden into the context of the development of garden design in Europe. Although it has not been defined as a garden type, it has always reflected new directions and modified them in line with geographical and cultural differences. The selected examples illustrate the development of garden art in the Czech lands from the 16th to the 18th century with an emphasis on Italian patterns and Italian artists. There are gardens that took the morphology of the Italian garden – they were built in slopes, their architecture uses terraces and stairs, dynamic water is used or some building elements typical of the Italian garden. The information provided exemplify the great influence of Italian culture in the Czech lands, which got there directly with Italian artists and builders.

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Ajres, Alessandro. "Gustaw Herling-Grudziński e la letteratura italiana del XX secolo." Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka, no. 39 (December 15, 2020): 183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pspsl.2020.39.10.

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Magdalena Śniedziewska’s book discusses a theme in Gustaw Herling-Grudziński’s works which has not been thoroughly researched, i.e. their relationship with Italian literature. This is how we discover Herling-Grudziński as a writer who is simultaneously a great literary criticwho looks eagerly and with both interest (sometimes) and passion at the work of such authors as Nicola Chiaromonte, Ignazio Silone, Alberto Moravia, Luigi Pirandello, Tomasi di Lampedusa and Leonardo Sciascia. The opening chapter of the book discusses Herling-Grudziński’s condition as an emigrant and the changes in his attitude to Naples which became his second home after World War II; the final chapter is about the Polish writer’s difficult relationship with Italian book market, reconstructing the story of the reception of Inny świat (A World Apart) in Italy.

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Sverdlov, Michail Borisovitch. "The history of Great Moravia cultural traditions in Russia in the late 11 ^th- early 12 ^th century." Петербургский исторический журнал, no. 3 (2015): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.51255/2311-603x-2015-00038.

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Macháček, Jiří, Margit Berner, Petr Dresler, Sylva Drtikolová Kaupová, Renáta Přichystalová, and Vladimír Sládek. "Arms-bearers in separate graves from Great Moravia and the emergence of the Early Medieval military-aristocratic organization in East-Central Europe." Praehistorische Zeitschrift 96, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 248–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pz-2021-0020.

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Abstract Die Existenz Großmährens wird in die Zeit vom 9. bis zur 1. Hälfte des 10. Jahrhunderts datiert. Es erstreckte sich zwischen dem karolingischen Westen und dem slawischen „Außeneuropa“ und galt als erstes Staatsgebilde der Slawen, das die militär-aristokratische Struktur Westeuropas nachahmte. Neu entdeckte separate Bestattungen mit Waffen und Sporen lassen jedoch Zweifel an dieser Deutung aufkommen. Der besondere Bestattungsritus der hier vorgelegten Bestattungen weist zwar Ähnlichkeiten mit den separaten Friedhöfen des fränkischen grundherrschaftlichen Adels oder der freien Bauernkrieger auf, die archäologischen und bioarchäologischen Analysen erlauben in Mähren jedoch Rückschlüsse auf ein unterschiedliches soziales Phänomen, das zur Erschließung der historischen und kulturellen Spezifika dieses Raums als Schnittstelle zwischen Ost und West beitragen könnte.

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Kučera, Martin, and Radka Bartoňová. "Dny na monoski 2013 – Příklad propagace APA pro širokou veřejnost." Studia sportiva 7, no. 3 (December 16, 2013): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/sts2013-3-15.

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Actions implemented in the four ski areas in Bohemia and Moravia had two main objectives. The first was to attract skiing especially those people with disabilities who have never ski on monoski to create the positive attachment to the sport, or other incentives to operate. The second objective was to present monoskiing to public. First, through media campaigns on the web, on billboards and radio. Either directly in the ski areas that gave them the opportunity to experience firsthand skiing monoski interested from the healthy skiers. All costs were covered by the APA Center and event partners. The whole series of events met with great success for both target groups and is already seeing the requirements for repeating events in at least the same, if not more widely. The biggest challenge is to connect with the commercial sector, which in the case of adapted physical activities is not very common phenomenon.

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Šťastná, Milada, Antonín Vaishar, Hana Vavrouchová, Miloslava Ševelová, Silvie Kozlovská, Veronika Doskočilová, and Helena Lincová. "Changes Of A Rural Landscape In Czech Areas Of Different Types." European Countryside 7, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 111–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/euco-2015-0008.

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Abstract The paper deals with the macrostructural and microstructural landscape changes in six selected microregions in Moravia and eastern Bohemia. Changes of the landscape macrostructure were evaluated based on the statistical data from 1845, 1948, 1990 and 2013. Changes of the landscape microstructure were compared on the base of old maps, aerial images and field experiences. According to the available data the area of an arable land was the largest in 1845. Since then it has been decreasing – more in mountain areas, less in lowland ones where it was replaced by forests, grasslands and urban areas, depending on the vegetation period, physical character and vicinity of urban centres. Results show that the microstructure recorded great changes during the communist period: large expanses of fields, irrigation and drainage measures, windbreaks, non-rural buildings in the countryside. Contemporary changes are connected mostly with urbanisation of the landscape.

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Isobchuk, M. V. "WHERE IS REGIONALISM DISAPPEARING? COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF REGIONALIST MOVEMENT TRANSFORMATION IN THE COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL EASTERN EUROPE." Вестник Удмуртского университета. Социология. Политология. Международные отношения 5, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2587-9030-2021-5-1-48-56.

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The study of regionalism has been, perhaps, one of the trends in the world political science for more than half a century. At the same time, the main attention of researchers is attracted by cases of “successful” regionalism (for example, in Spain or Great Britain), while “unsuccessful” (in electoral terms) regionalisms remain without proper analysis. The purpose of this study was to identify the main factors contributing to the decline of the regionalism. Based on the materials of three regionalisms in Central Eastern Europe (Somogy, Moravia and South Slovakia), these factors were identified. As a research method, a small-N qualitative comparison was used. The study identified three groups of factors that can potentially influence the success of the regionalist movement: factors associated with the activity of regionalist actors, institutional factors and factors of regional identity. Each of these factors, directly and in combination with others, can affect the success of the regionalist movement. Thus, for Moravian regionalism, the decisive factors of decline were the organizational weakness of the regionalist party combined with the decline of regional identity; for regionalism in Somogy, the fatal reform of the administrative-territorial structure of Hungary, depriving the regions of any autonomy and real power, and Hungarian regionalism in Slovakia, deprived institutional and organizational privileges, has lost its electoral significance. In general, the decline of the regionalist movement in this context only in one case out of three led to the disappearance of the regionalist movement itself, in two cases it was successfully transformed into other organizational forms. Thus, the study identifies the main factors of the decline of regionalism and identifies possible models of its transformation.

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Koźbiał, Krzysztof. "Znaczenie eurosceptycyzmu na scenie politycznej Republiki Czeskiej." Politeja 17, no. 3(66) (June 25, 2020): 261–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.17.2020.66.18.

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The Importance of Euroscepticism on the Political Scene of the Czech Republic. Conditions and Consequences Czech society is one of the most eurosceptic in the European Union. One of the reasons is a low degree of trust in authority (government, parliament) in general, also at the supranational level. Consequently, Czech political parties have eurosceptic slogans in their programs that do not prevent voters from supporting them, both in the elections to the Czech and European Parliaments. The political system is dominated by parties presenting the so‑ called „soft euroscepticism” (according to Taggart’s and Szczerbiak’s approach), such as: Action of Dissatisfied Citizens (ANO 2011), Civic Democratic Party (ODS) or Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (KSČM). In the 2017 election, they received a total of almost 50% of the vote. However, euroscepticism is not a threat to the Czech presence in the EU. Extremely eurosceptic parties do not enjoy great public support.

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Povinec, Pavel P., Alexander Cherkinsky, Jozef Dorica, Irka Hajdas, A. J. Timothy Jull, Ivan Kontuľ, Mihály Molnár, Ivo Svetlik, and Eva Maria Wild. "RADIOCARBON DATING OF ST. GEORGE’S ROTUNDA IN NITRIANSKA BLATNICA (SLOVAKIA): INTERNATIONAL CONSORTIUM RESULTS." Radiocarbon 63, no. 3 (May 11, 2021): 953–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2021.31.

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ABSTRACTAn international consortium of radiocarbon (14C) laboratories was established to date the origin of the St. George’s Rotunda in Nitrianska Blatnica (Slovakia), because its age was not well established in previous investigations. Altogether, 20 samples of wood, charcoal, mortar and plaster were analyzed. The 14C results obtained from the different laboratories as well as between the different sample types were in good agreement, resulting in a 14C calibrated age of 783–880 AD (94.2% probability) for the Rotunda. Although the 14C results have very good precision, the specific plateau-shape of the calibration curve in this period caused the wide range of the calibrated age. The probability distribution from OxCal calibration shows, however, that about 86% of the probability distribution lies in the period before 863 AD, implying that the Rotunda could have been constructed before the arrival of Constantine (St. Cyril) and St. Methodius to Great Moravia. The Rotunda thus probably represents the oldest standing purpose-built Christian church in the eastern part of Central Europe.

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Wingfield, Nancy M. "The Enemy Within: Regulating Prostitution and Controlling Venereal Disease in Cisleithanian Austria during the Great War." Central European History 46, no. 3 (September 2013): 568–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000893891300099x.

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During summer 1917, civilians using the city baths in Olmütz, Moravia, demanded that soldiers stationed at the local Emperor Francis Joseph infantry barracks cease swimming nude in the March River opposite the city baths, especially during the women's swimming hour. In addition to those of soldiers, the bathing habits of other culprits offended the good citizens of the city. One resident complained that children, adolescent boys and girls, and even some grown-ups, among them “buxom” prostitutes, were swimming nude in the March and thus offending the morals of others. “Flashers” also caught the attention of the public and the police, including the unknown man who made “immoral,” but unrecorded, remarks and exposed himself to the women who frequented the promenade under the Freundschaftshöhe in the western Bohemian spa town, Karlsbad, during the summer. The offended women provided the police with a good description of this man, said to be between forty-five and fifty years old, of average size, with gray, grizzled hair, a graying mustache, and a goatee. They described his clothing, a dark suit with knee-length pants, knee-high stockings, hiking boots, and a panama hat. (Records do not indicate whether police apprehended the suspect.) In the Bukovinian provincial capital Czernowitz, an eighteen-year-old electrical technician accused a forty-seven-year-old man from Saxony who allegedly propositioned him on the city's Ringplatz one late summer's evening in 1918 of “crimes against nature.” The most common “morals” problem to preoccupy the police and the military during the Great War, however, was neither flashers nor nude bathers; it was prostitution.

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Novák, Jan, Vojtěch Abraham, Petr Kočár, Libor Petr, Romana Kočárová, Kateřina Nováková, Petra Houfková, Vlasta Jankovská, and Zděnek Vaněček. "Middle- and upper-Holocene woodland history in central Moravia (Czech Republic) reveals biases of pollen and anthracological analysis." Holocene 27, no. 3 (July 28, 2016): 349–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683616660166.

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The aims of this article are, first, to investigate the middle- and upper-Holocene woodland history along the altitudinal gradient between the lowlands and uplands of Central Europe (190–550 m a.s.l.) and, second, to outline possible biases inherent in the charcoal record based on a comparison with the pollen record and its known biases. Our anthracological data set contains 42,547 determinations made in 120 charcoal samples taken at 69 sites. The lowest elevated part of the study region (below 200 m a.s.l.) is characterized by the long-term presence of a species-rich hardwood forest (mixed oak–elm–ash forest). Quercus charcoals dominated in the rest of the altitude zones during the Neolithic and Aeneolithic; however, shrub charcoals appearing in samples from areas with chernozem soils (generally up to 230 m a.s.l.) indicate open-canopy oak woodlands. The species composition differed along the altitudinal gradient during the Bronze Age period, when Carpinus, Fagus and Abies expanded to altitudes above 230 m a.s.l., while Fagus was more abundant above 290 m a.s.l. Broadleaved trees ( Quercus, Fraxinus, Ulmus, Acer and Carpinus) and shrubs are generally more represented in charcoals than pollen. Since broadleaved trees are usually nutrient demanding and able to re-grow easily after being felled, we suppose that their charcoal record is influenced by two main factors: bias of the initial location of the archaeological site and bias caused by long-term human influence on forest vegetation in the vicinity of settlements. These results underline that combining charcoal and pollen analysis has great potential for studying phenomena in cultural landscapes, as each of the methods approaches nature from the opposite side of the human–nature gradient.

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Košulič, Ondřej. "Araneofauna of the Křéby National Nature Monument (Eastern Moravia, Czech Republic) with some notes to conservation management of the locality." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 62, no. 5 (2014): 991–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201462050991.

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This paper makes a faunistic contribution to knowledge of spider composition in the xerothermic habitats of the Křéby National Nature Monument which is located in Kroměříž district, eastern Moravia. Spiders were collected by four different methods during 25 April–28 October 2013: pitfall traps, sweeping of herb vegetation, individual collecting and beating the branches of shrubs and trees. In total, 1070 individuals (865 adult spiders) were collected and identified as 114 species of 19 families. The species diversity in the Křéby area is rather high, representing approximately 13% of Czech araneofauna. Of the identified species, five are listed in the Red List of Threatened Species in the Czech Republic. These included critically endangered Dysdera hungarica Kulczynski 1897, endangered Alopecosa solitaria (Herman, 1879), Cheiracanthium montanum (C. L. Koch, 1877) and vulnerable Lathys stigmatisata (Menge, 1869) and Haplodrassus dalmatensis (L. Koch, 1866). The findings of Alopecosa solitaria and Dysdera hungarica belong to the northernmost occurrence of these rare species in the Czech Republic. In general, the great richness of spider fauna and the occurrence of rare and threatened species for Czech region confirm the high biotic value of the investigated area. In addition, the author discussed management methods of the locality and suggest management conservation system for slowing down the succession rate on overgrown places.

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Luft, David S. "Austrian Intellectual History and Bohemia." Austrian History Yearbook 38 (January 2007): 108–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237800021445.

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This is an essay about the cultural, political, and geographical location of Austrian intellectual history and the special place of Bohemia and Moravia in that history. A great deal has been written about the multinational and supranational quality of Austrian culture and intellectual life. In practice, however, the Austria referred to in such arguments is usually the Habsburg monarchy of the two generations before World War I. Austrian intellectual history has generally been either strongly centered in Vienna or oriented to a very broad concept of Austria that includes the monarchy as a whole in the late nineteenth century. What is lost between the metropolis and the vast monarchy of many peoples is the centuries-long relationship between Austrian and Bohemia that was the basis for Austrian intellectual life in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. I argue here that we should think of Bohemia in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries as part of Austrian intellectual history in a way that other regions and historic lands in the Habsburg monarchy were not.

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Fiala, Jan, Miroslav Lapka, Jan Fiala jun, and Milan Mikolas. "Mining processes of brick products in the Czech Republic." E3S Web of Conferences 168 (2020): 00007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016800007.

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First technological process, which ceramic producers of ceramic products use for their future ceramic product is mining process. Mining methods, Transport methods and processing methods are basic technological processes. The process of drying, firing and shaping of brick products are specific. Babylonian gardens, Hagia Sofia, are one of the most beautiful churches that has ever been built. The great Wall of China, medieval castle Malbork from northern Poland not far from Gdansk`s bay which resembles small town, Skyscraper Chrysler Building in New York are the outstanding brick creations in the world. All of these buildings have one thing in common and that is material from which they were built. The material is brick, one of the simplest, the most beautiful, the most universal and the oldest building product which is known for moreover than 10 000 years [1]. Brick association of Czech and Moravia, nowadays unites 6 regular members with 19 plants where are created fired building materials. Furthermore it unites 7 associated members who ensure various services for brickmakers and 7 honorary members. Producers, members of brick association represent 92 % of Mason material capacity in the Czech Republic and 100 % of fired roofing tile capacity.

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BORKENT, ART, and BRIAN V. BROWN. "How to inventory tropical flies (Diptera)—One of the megadiverse orders of insects." Zootaxa 3949, no. 3 (April 28, 2015): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3949.3.1.

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A new approach to inventory Diptera species in tropical habitats is described. A 150 x 266 m patch of cloud forest at Zurquí de Moravia, Costa Rica (10.047N, 84.008W) at 1585 meters asl was sampled with two Malaise traps for slightly more than one year (Sept. 12, 2012–Oct. 18, 2013). Further concomitant sampling with a variety of trapping methods for three days every month and collecting during a one-week intensive "Diptera Blitz", with 19 collaborators collecting on-site, provided diverse additional samples used in the inventory. Two other Costa Rican sites at Tapantí National Park (9.720N, 83.774W, 1600 m) and Las Alturas (8.951N, 82.834W, 1540 m), 40 and 180 km southeast from Zurquí de Moravia, respectively, were each sampled with a single Malaise trap to allow for beta-diversity assessments. Tapantí National Park was sampled from Oct. 28, 2012–Oct. 13, 2013 and Las Alturas from Oct. 13, 2012–Oct. 13, 2013. A worldwide group of 54 expert systematists are identifying to species level all 72 dipteran families present in the trap samples. Five local technicians sampled and prepared material to the highest curatorial standards, ensuring that collaborator efforts were focused on species identification. This project, currently in its final, third year of operation (to end Sept. 1, 2015), has already recorded 2,348 species and with many more yet expected. Unlike previous All Taxon Biodiversity Inventories, this project has attainable goals and will provide the first complete estimate of species richness for one of the four megadiverse insect orders in a tropical region. Considering that this is the first complete survey of one of the largest orders of insects within any tropical region of the planet, there is clearly great need for a consistent and feasible protocol for sampling the smaller but markedly more diverse smaller insects in such ecosystems. By weight of their species diversity and remarkable divergence of habit, the Diptera are an excellent model to gauge microhabitat diversity within such systems. Our model appears to be the first to provide a protocol that can realistically be expected to provide a portrayal of the true species diversity of a megadiverse order of insects in the tropics.

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Kolejka, Jaromír, Martin Boltižiar, Hana Svatoňová, Matej Vojtek, and Jana Vojteková. "Identification of Conserved Elements of the Cultural Landscape of Great Moravia By Interpretation of Historical Maps and Aerial Photographs (on the Example of Mikulčice and Kopčany Area)." Geografické informácie 19, no. 2 (2015): 62–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17846/gi.2015.19.2.62-75.

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Hristova-Shomova, Iskra. "The Calendar of the Ostromir Gospel as Evidence of the History of the Slavonic Liturgical Books." Slovene 1, no. 2 (2012): 39–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2305-6754.2012.1.2.2.

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The specific features of the calendar of the Ostromir Gospel are discussed in this paper in comparison with the calendars of other Slavonic manuscripts, gospels and apostoli. The Ostromir Gospel contains a large number of rare commemorations that are typical of the Typikon of the Great Church Hagia Sofia. The paper provides a list of these commemorations together with data from the other Slavonic manuscripts in which they are included. The list shows that the largest number of these commemorations are found in several Bulgarian apostoli: the Enina Apostol, the Ohrid Apostol, Apostol No. 882 in the National Library in Sofia, Apostol and Gospel No. 508 in the National Library in Sofia, and in two Bulgarian menaia: the Draganov Menaion and the Menaion from the National Library of Russia in Saint Petersburg No. F.п.I.72. The paper also examines another specific feature of the Ostromir Gospel: the short hagiographic information it contains on some of the saints. These data are very similar to the notes in the Typikon of the Great Church. Hagiographic notes of this kind are also preserved in the calendars of several other Slavonic manuscripts, i.e., the same apostoli and menaia mentioned above. The paper also discusses the Western commemorations in the Ostromir Gospel, which are also found in the above-mentioned Bulgarian apostoli and menaia. All these data could be interpreted as evidence that the calendars of all these manuscripts have a common source, an archetype that contained a translation of the calendar of the Typikon of the Great Church Hagia Sophia. I argue that this archetype was the first calendar translated by the Holy Brothers Cyril and Methodius, and that it was embedded in the book of Acts and Epistles that they most likely translated themselves, or in a book which contained both the Acts and Epistles and the Gospels. The calendar of that book most likely was supplemented with Western commemorations during the mission in Great Moravia. This larger book was brought to Bulgaria by the disciples of the Holy Brothers and was later divided into an Apostolus and a Gospel.

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Mirzoeva, Svetlana G., Elena Kh Apazheva, and Natalya S. Lavrova. "The Czechoslovak national tragedy of the 1938 year." Vestnik of North-Ossetian State University, no. 2(2021) (June 25, 2021): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.29025/1994-7720-2021-2-50-58.

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The article deals with the problem of the internal situation in Czechoslovakia, its political and economic development in the specified period. Particular attention is paid to the efforts of Czechoslovakia aimed at preventing the division of the country. The leadership of Czechoslovakia entered into international treaties, strengthened the state’s defenses, and modernized the army. The article also touches upon the international relations of Germany, Great Britain, France, Italy on the further fate of Czechoslovakia in the second half of the 30s. XX century. The leadership of Czechoslovakia and its president Edvard Beneš felt the threat looming over the country from Germany, so they took certain steps to preserve the integrity of the Czechoslovak republic. The reform of the army began in the country, it was modernized, equipped with new equipment, weapons, aviation. A new line of fortifications was built along the borders. The diplomatic department of Czechoslovakia was also not idle. Consultations were constantly held with the USSR, Great Britain, France and Germany on the issue of preserving the country’s sovereignty, international treaties were concluded on assistance in the event of an attack by a third party. But, despite all these efforts, at the end of September 1938, Czechoslovakia was divided by force, the Sudetenland was torn away from it, fascist troops were brought into the country, and the leaders of the state were leaders of the fascist party. All these changes were enshrined in an international treaty - the Munich Agreement. Germany, Italy, France and Great Britain took part in its signing. Representatives of the Czechoslovak Republic were not even invited to the conference. The Czechoslovak side was familiarized with the terms of the agreement only after their adoption. Czechoslovakia could not in any way influence the decisions of Hitler, Mussolini, Deladier and Chamberlain. As a result, throughout the Second World War, Czechoslovakia existed as two separate parts: the Protecto-rate of Bohemia and Moravia and the Slovak Republic.

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Maškarinec, Pavel. "The Czech Pirate Party in the 2010 and 2013 Parliamentary Elections and the 2014 European Parliament Elections: Spatial Analysis of Voter Support." Slovak Journal of Political Sciences 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 5–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjps-2017-0001.

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Abstract The paper presents a spatial analysis of the Czech Pirate Party (Pirates) voter support in the 2010 and 2013 parliamentary elections and the 2014 European Parliament elections. The main method applied for classifying electoral results was the spatial autocorrelation and spatial regression. The result of the analysis has shown that territorial support for the Pirates copies to a great extent the areas of high support for right-wing parties and simultaneously the areas exemplified by a high development potential. In the case of spatial characteristics, little support for the Pirates was shown in Moravia and higher in the Sudetenland in terms of determinants of support. Additionally to spatial regimes, inter-regional support for the Pirates was also influenced by other non-spatial characteristics, although the strength of their influence was relatively weak. The units which embodied a successful environment for voting for the Pirates were particularly characterized by greater urbanization and a greater number of entrepreneurs, while a lack of jobs and the older age structure, i.e. the signs that in the socio-economic, or socio-ecological sense define peripheral areas, negatively impacted the gains of the Pirates. Ambiguous influence was exercised by college-educated inhabitants, who in the parliamentary elections in 2010 and 2013 decreased the gains of the Pirates, however, in the elections to the European Parliament in 2014 a direction of relationship was modified and turned positive.

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Brecht, Martin. "Erinnerung an Paul Speratus (1484–1551), ein enger Anhänger Luthers in den Anfaängen der Reformation." Archiv für Reformationsgeschichte - Archive for Reformation History 94, no. 1 (December 1, 2003): 105–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14315/arg-2003-0103.

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ABSTRACTThe essay reminds us of the effects of Paul Speratus, that early follower of Luther who died 450 years ago and who, probably unjustly, has enjoyed little attention in recent decades. At the beginning of 1522, the former Würzburg cathedral preacher was excommunicated by the theology faculty of the University of Vienna, because of a sermon that he had preached in St. Stephan’s Cathedral in Vienna - one of the first that argued against clerical vows of celibacy. From that time, Speratus aligned himself with the faction of reform-minded critics of scholasticism. Nevertheless, he found a new position as pastor in Iglau (Moravia), from which, however, King Ludwig of Hungary attempted to drive him. The congregation initially banded together in defense of their pastor, but under the pressure of the cross it did not persevere. Speratus had to yield and turned toward Wittenberg. There he gained attention as the translator of three writings of Luther, among others the Formula Missae|. In addition, he wrote the lyrics of the great Reformation hymn, Es ist das Heil uns kommen her|. A later song about the Augsburg Diet of 1530 expressed the problem of resistance. After 1524, Speratus took his final post, as court preacher in the young Duchy of Prussia and evangelical Bishop of Pomerania. His contribution to the history of the Prussian Reformation is deserving of a new evaluation.

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Homza, Martin. "Is chapter IX of the Chronicle of the Priest of Dioclea of Moravian-Pannonian origin?" Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, no. 2 (30) (2021): 79–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2021.206.

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The article offers a new interpretation of the account of the king Svetoplek (Svatopluk) from chapter IX of the Chronicle of the Priest of Dioclea. According to the author, chapter IX is based on an ancient work about king Svatopluk I of Moravia, which was written between 885 and 894 in connection with the coronation of Svatopluk as a «king of the Slavs» (rex Sclavorum). As the author of the article proves, the events described in this ancient source (the twelve-day diet and the subsequent coronation of Svatopluk) took place not on the territory of Duklja, but on the territory of Pannonia, in the places where Roman settlements were located in the Szekesfehervar region or in the Veszprem region. In the second half of the 11th century, during the reign of the Dioclean rulers Mihailo Vojislavljević and his son Constantine Bodin, the text of this ancient source was revised in the process of compiling the Vojislavljević dynastic history «Gesta regum Sclavorum». At the same time, the story about King Svatopluk was used by Benedictine monks from the circle of Roman popes to legitimize the new status of the kings of Dioclea as «kings of the Slavs». The author shows that during the period of the struggle between the papacy and the empire at the end of the 11th – beginning of the 12th century the idea of reviving the «kingdom of the Slavs» (regnum Sclavorum), devoted to Rome, enjoyed great support from the Roman throne. In this context, the image of Svatopluk as the first «king of the Slavs» recognized by Rome was actualized and became the basis for the formation of the church and political ideology of the Dioclean dynasty of Vojislavljević.

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König, Tomáš. "Jiří Macháček & Martin Wihoda (ed.). 2019. The fall of Great Moravia: who was buried in grave H153 at Pohansko near Břeclav? Leiden: Brill; 978-90-04-38313-5 hardback €116." Antiquity 94, no. 378 (October 19, 2020): 1667–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2020.205.

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Lekova, Tatiana. "Percorsi della ricerca in filologia slava dal XIX secolo." AION (filol.) Annali dell’Università degli Studi di Napoli “L’Orientale” 42, no. 1 (November 12, 2020): 159–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17246172-40010040.

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Abstract The paper deals with the methods developed in the field of Slavic philological research in the last centuries. The mission of Cyril and Methodius in Great Moravia and the activity of their disciples in the First Bulgarian Empire of Boris and Simeon laid to the foundation of a Slavic cultural and religious autonomy. The major problem of Cyril and Methodius’ studies has been to find the traces of their translations and to identify the area where the Palaeoslavic texts originated. The debate between R. Picchio and D. Lichačev revealed the clash between two different traditions in Slavic philological and literary studies; it opened a dialogue between Slavic and European scholars and led to a vast methodological and terminological renewal in the discipline. It was debated whether it was possible to apply to Slavic texts the methods developed in the field of Greek and Latin tradition, or a separate discipline Textology would be necessary for studying the history of Slavic texts and the conscious changes introduced by their coauthors and coeditors. A Linguistic Textology has also been created which limits the philological research to linguistic data. The article touches the new methods developed for the reconstruction of the Cyrill and Methodius’ Bible by means of the digitally supported profile-method applied to the editions of the Slavic Gospels. It is only at the beginning of this century that there has been a return to the method of textual criticism.

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Jančová, Martina, Jindřich Štelcl, Bohuslav František Klíma, and Eva Drozdová. "Localised enamel hypoplasia of human primary canines (LHPC) in the Necropolis of Great Moravia in Znojmo-Hradiště (the so called Stronghold of Znojmo, 9th – 10th century CE, Czech Republic) and analysis of chemical elements on surface enamel and hypoplastic defect via EDX method." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 76, no. 2 (June 24, 2019): 129–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2019/0906.

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Mellers, Wilfrid. "Round and about Górecki's Symphony No.3." Tempo, no. 168 (March 1989): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298200024906.

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Abstract:

Wagner's Tristan is often referred to as the beginning of modern music: justifiably, in that in it a thousand years of European consciousness, will, desire, aspiration, pain, renunciation and guilt implode and explode. Taking his theme from the twilight of Europe's Middle Ages when the modern world was born, Wagner created a mythic drama which anticipates the central myth-makers of our time – Freud, Jung, and Marx. In a concept appropriating Christian redemption to Greek-tragedy's pity and terror, the gods are ourselves; and what Hardy called the pain of consciousness, proving too great to be borne, seeks release in unconscious nirvana. Much of the then avant garde music of the early 20th century, notably the Second Viennese School, stems from that tortuously self-involved but verklärte night; and it is hardly surprising that so incestuous a notion should have been balanced by its polar opposite. In his Rite of Spring of 1913 Stravinsky, born in a White Russia that had bypassed the European Renaissance, effected a conscious cult of the barbarically unconscious: a fertility rite and sacrifical murder in tune with the elemental cycles of the year, but also with the impending ‘death of Europe’ in the World Wars. Bartók, living in a country where a folk culture was still active, had less need of Stravinsky's cosmopolitan self-consciousness, but could fuse primitive techniques with the European legacy of Beethoven. Janáček, in Moravia, could create operas that were allied to seasonal rites, while probing the depths of the modern, divided psyche.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Great Moravia'

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