Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Grec (langue) – Langage scientifique et technique'
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Galopin, Laurence. "Répertoire et analyse des dictionnaires techniques bilingues et multilingues (comprenant le Français et le Grec moderne)." Montpellier 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON30040.
Full textPerdicoyianni-Paléologou, Hélène. "Le vocabulaire de l'éducation d'Homère à Euripide, étude lexicologique : les familles de daènaï, de didaskein et de païdeuein." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040032.
Full textIn this thesis we studied the philological history of the pedagogical vocabulary from homer to Euripides. The families we studied are daenai, didaskein paideuein. To find the signification of the words which belong to these families is the object of our study. At the end of our research, we could see that the family of daeani is not so important in Vth c. B. C. The family of didaskein is much more used and, all though didaskein looks like the most appropriate to express the pedagogical idea, this verb is used in this century as a verb of oral communication. At last in the same century the Greek language created another verb for expressing the idea of the institutional, collective education of children
Kefala-Tsenoglou, Hélène. "Problèmes de traduction et de terminologie du grec dans le domaine de la science." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040412.
Full textA study of essential problems of translation, terminology and neologism concerning modern greek in the area of science is attempted. Some solutions are also suggested. At first, "the language question" in Greece (the coexistence, until quite recently, of learned and common or demotic language) and the translation problem, generally speaking, are examined. Secondly, some modern greek translation problems related to the structure and lexicon of the language, the notion of mistake in contrastive linguistics as well as some difficulties posed by automatic translation are discussed. Questions of terminology, abroad and in Greece, more specially several difficulties caused by the coexistence of learned and demotic forms, the phenomenon of neologism, borrowing and translation borrowing, some essential characters of modern greek lexicon and terminology of economics are also indicated (a corpus of economic terms is added, another larger one having been placed at the appendix). Language planning and the attitude which could be assumed by the greek State are,afterwards, considered. Finally, some paragraphs to the contribution of computer science to terminology and to the concept of smallness in comuter science are consecrated. The conclusion presents the most essential points of this thesis
Wang, Zhijié. "Situation et perspectives de l'information scientifique et technique de langue française en Chine." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR30068.
Full textSince 1978, china has begun a radical reform in all the domaines, including the sector of scientific and technical information : so far, china opens up thoroughly of forign countries. These mutations have led to the development of scientific and technical information of french in this country. The current task is to give a general idea about some analysis, interesting comments and significant reflections of general scientific and technical information, particularly the one of french in china. Compared to the strong predomination of scientific and technical information of english in china and in the world, the one of french also has its own place by forming its documentary basis, its way of circulation, its disseminators and its users. The current situation of scientific and technical information of french is relatively positive, however, its prospects are uncertain while facing the new technologies and intercultural communication of information. Il will expand completely only when the certain measures are taken, such as keeping and increasing the exchanges between china and french-speaking countres, promoting the education of french in china with various methods, making electronic products, setting up more french-speaking sites of scientific and technical information, giving the importance of studies in the problems of intercultural communication. .
Monin-Badey, Sylvie. "La langue de l'électricité en français et en anglais : langue de spécialité et problèmes de traduction." Lyon 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO3A005.
Full textPetit, Michel. "Analyse contrastive de la relation discursive et inter-énonciative dans un corpus d'ouvrages mathématiques en français et en anglais." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070117.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to show how the contrastive analysis of a corpus consisting of french mathematical texts and their english translations highlights a certain number of recurrent translation phenomena which may be systematized, and makes it possible to define some of the operations characterizing the activity of language in french and in english. It studies more particularly in this respect the specificities of the discursive relation and of the inter-enunciative relation (i. E. Between utterer and co-utterer) in this type of discourse. The first part presents the fundamental data of the study : methodological foundations (chapter 1), linguistic specificity of the corpus (chapter 2), theoretical framework of enunciative operations (chapter 3). The second part analyses the variations of inter-enunciative location through the study of the various translations of impersonal "il" (chapter 4), "on" (chapter 5), and french pronominal verbs (chapter 6). The third part studies assertion and validation phenomena through the study of the various translations of the frnch future (chapter 7) and imperative (chapter 8), and the french "soit" (chapter 9)
Gourvenec, Magnet Annick. "Etude diachronique de l'article de recherche scientifique en anglais : le cas de la nutrition : analyse discursive de la construction de l'article : analyse linguistique des phénomènesde cohésion du texte." Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOL003.
Full textNguyên, Minh Ha. "L'analyse linguistique du français scientifique, langue étrangère, chez des scientifiques vietnamiens." Grenoble 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE39013.
Full textMochiri, Mahchide. "Néologismes persans dans le lexique scientifique." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H019.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to analyses the various methods used in Persian scientific neology (confronted to the translation of numerous foreign terms, mainly English and French), to show the negative consequences of their multiplicity and to propose solutions to : - develop the positive aspects and reject the defects of these methods, while drawing criteria for further scientific lexical creation and translation ; - solve the contradictions and disorders in Persian scientific and technical dictionaries ; - improve the state of nowadays scientific Persian. After an introduction to Persian (alphabet, writing, phonology, grammar) intended for readers unfamiliar with this language, the first chapter analyses English and French scientific terms according to linguistic criteria (etymological, phonological, lexical, semantic, morphological). The chapter II gives a description of historical and nowadays scientific Persian and shows the various orientations that can be found in this neology (arabism, occidentalism, purism, persianism) and the incoherence to which they lead. In the third chapter, we classify scientific terms in five types (equivalents, copies, free translations, borrowings, hybrids). We then show (chap. IV) the inherent difficulties of each type and propose our solutions. - n. B. : the corpus studied has been collected from Persian scientific dictionaries (bi- and multilingual), books and articles. For homogeneity purposes, we chose to mainly derive our examples from the medical field
Foltête, Isabelle. "L'expression de la mesure dans la langue du marketing." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070038.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to analyze one of the key components in the language of marketing : the expression of measurement by using the transformational theory of z. S. Harris and the applications that are drawn from it by m. Gross and the l. A. D. L. The first chapter is focused to the presentation of the subject and of the theorotical and methodological framework, followd by some marketing texts and the method used for dividing them into simple sentences. The second chapter deals with one argument sentences and sentences with a measuring complement. The third chapter presents support verbs, operator verbs of movement and variation as well as derived verbal expressions. The fourth chapter tackles with verbs expressing losses and gains and verbs evaluating markets and companies. Finally, the fifth chapter comes to verbs relating to money exchanges and products. All verb categories are presented with combining charts (subject verb complement) and with property tables
Mondavio, Anna. "Le francais et l'italien comme langues de specialite a l'ecole : desirs et besoins dans l'enseignement apprentissage a orientation technique et professionnelle." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030118.
Full textThe ambiguities in school teaching learning of french and italian for special purposes in technical and vocational education are analysed in a survey conducted in italy and in france. Some hypothesis are proposed to help solving the problems generated by these ambiguities. A reorganisation in school space and time and in the initial training of language teachers is suggested to allow thes to work without frustration in these branches
Mangiante, Jean-Marc. "Contribution d'une analyse de discours spécialisés à l'élaboration de programmes d'enseignement de français langue étrangère sur objectifs spécifiques." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10078.
Full textCrosnier, Elizabeth. "Les scientifiques francais et la publication en langue anglaise : contraintes, obstacles et perspectives de solutions d'aide a la redaction. etude contrastive de corpus anglais-francais infomatises d'informatique, de mathematiques et de mecanique (titres, abstracts et introdu." Toulouse 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU20053.
Full textDue to the implantation of the english language within the international community, french scientific reserachers have been constrained, like their non-native homologues, to publish their papers in english, a sine qua non condition for them to communicate with their peers. Inadequate linguistic competences for their anglophone readers lead to serious, almost insuperable difficulty, hampering the diffusion of their findings. The quality of the english required has been first considered. Then an english-french corpus-based comparison of titles, abstracts and introductions in data processing, mathematics and mechanics, has brought to light specificities to each language. Quantitative data collected from the corpuses computerised by means of alceste programme (lexical analysis of a set of text segments) have supported the interpretations within the framework of a contrastive study. By a functional approach that goes beyond strictly lexical and grammatical differences, universal notions, social and cultural environments, as well as the french and anglo-saxon scientists' identities, have proved to yield differentiated written messages. In spite of the highly scientific aspect, the characteristics specific to each community have been detected. Discrepancies as regards communication strategies have been stressed and thus models have been determined. Among the possible solutions aimed at helping french scientists, text reformulation based on english models seems most suitable, which has been confirmed by a first experimentation showing that the reformulated abstracts meet the expectations of an english-speaking public. Investigation outlooks have been proposed. It has also been suggested that applications to other domains and various types of discourse could be carried out
Fitzpatrick, Sandra Georgina. "L'anglais aéronautique : approches comparatives et méthodologie pour une harmonisation européenne : domaine de l'aviation commerciale et privée." Lyon 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO3A004.
Full textTian, Baohua. "Problèmes de l'enseignement du français scientifique et technique en Chine : propositions pour une didactique." Besançon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BESA1006.
Full textWe have consecreted our work on the methodology of teaching scientific and technical french based on our "complexed methode". Our objective is to enable the scientific and technical students to obtain the best results in their studies. We have equally analysed the possible difficulties encountered by language students, ingineurs and techniciens on refresher courses. All these problems are narrowly linked with earacteristics of scientific and technical french. At the end of our efforts, we have presented our elaborated project manuals: -cas -scientific and technical reading -scientific and technical french. This in an attempt to receive advice, remarks and criticisms from specialists and from linguists. This in the light of our coming out with scientifical and technical manuals adapted to the needs of chinise students
Ouannass, Abdelhai. "Recherche sur une langue de spécialité, le vocabulaire des sports en espagnol : analyse lexicologique." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040102.
Full textThe Spanish sport vocabulary is probably one of the richest examples of a linguistic variant. No other field of experience as far as we know, has developed such a complete, protean and varied language of its own. It has perfectly followed the social and cultural evolution of sport, and its formation, characteristics and configuration have come to express the specificity of a field of experience. This vocabulary has sprung from the very history of this sportive phenomenon, its social and cultural values, its demand for a linguistic identity that would be the expression of its uniqueness, the behaviors dictated by the general language and the interactions with concepts from other vocabularies be they the root-one, or foreign, specialized or from a common language
Diep, Kien Vu. "Analyses linguistiques de la cohérence dans l'explication scientifique, le cas du discours agronomique : perspectives didactiques au Vietnam." Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUEL603.
Full textTwo main steps are conducted in this research. The first one, in Textlinguistics, starts from the hypothesis that there are specific processes that constitute the coherence and clarity of scientific explanations in French. Textual analysis aims to observe how a specialized speech (i. E. , agronomic subject) constructs its coherence so as to explain and transmit scientific knowledge. The second step starting from the hypothesis that textual dysfunction, specifically coherence problems, faced by Vietnamese students in their academic compositions aims to answer the questions in terms of didactics of French for specific purposes (as writing). In this step, we study the appropriateness of French coherence links used by Vietnamese students in their writings of scientific documents. Also in this research, by comparing Vietnamese and French, we would like to check the hypothesis we made at the beginning of our research: Scientific Vietnamese language does not set the same linguistic process as French does in constructing textual coherence, stemming from that language habit in the mother tongue constitutes a block for students in acquiring specific textual coherence in French
Birch-Bécaas, Susan. "Les besoins linguistiques des scientifiques français publiant en anglais : analyse d'un corpus de premières rédactions et de leur correction." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR21011.
Full textSegla, Dafon Aime. "Appropriation des mathématiques dans une langue africaine : le Yoruba." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070050.
Full textIt seems that Science and its development such as shown in the Antic Greece, in Egypt, in India and in Europe did not exist in Africa south of Sahara. But Science is universal. More, if it takes part of the culture, how can it contribute towards the assertion of a nation's imaginary and the blossoming of its civilization a part from the help of the idiom of the country itself, the mother tongue? People will be lost if it cannot create its own imaginary. This is the author reflection. The imaginary is, for the author, what the mathematics also have made for the best of the human being. The author has been searching and has found in the roots of the lexicon of the Yoruba language and in the linguistics habits of the Yoruba people the "proto-concepts" from which he has built up a mathematical language of creation in Yoruba. Giving back the intellectual structures that were based on the mathematics concept elaboration in the history of science, the thesis transposes and provides the Yoruba language with the fundamental concepts, for example: Geometric point, the line, the surface area, the volume, the exponential function, the notions of limits, of continuity, of size, of number, of ratio, of proportion, of mathematical infinity, of differential, of angle, of double, of even & odd, of trigonometric functions, of the plus, of the minus, of the center, of the negative figure etc. The author study also through the mental arithmetic logic's process, the cognitive capacity of the Yoruba people. In order to reflect the technical implications on the educational curricula, the thesis tackle briefly the questions on the sociology of education and cognition. The author puts the prospect appropriation, in the African language, mathematics of space which would find its component base in the increasing study of the concept that the people has got heavenly bodies (cosmogony. )
English, Kathryn. "Une place pour la métaphore dans la théorie de la terminologie : les télécommunications en anglais et en français." Paris 13, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA131031.
Full textGlazova, Elena. "Expression de la temporalité dans les manuels de français pour les sciences et les techniques." Besançon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA1011.
Full textDuvignau, Karine. "La métaphore, berceau et enfant de la langue : la métaphore verbale comme approximation sémantique par analogie dans les textes scientifiques et les productions enfantines (2-4 ans)." Toulouse 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU20053.
Full textThis study proposes seeing verbal metaphor not as a divergence in relation to the usual functioning of language but as a phenomenon which reflects one of the principal means of organising the lexicon. We analyse the "unusual" utterances with verbal pivots produced by adults in scientific texts with didactic aim and by children of 2-4 years of age, in the process of constituting the lexicon. We establish that the verbal metaphors as well as the productions of metaphoric appearance of 2/4 year-old children, constitute semantic approximations by analogy which contribute to the lexicon building (and not errors or metaphors) concerning the child, and play a role of intra-lingual "translator" as concerns the adult, and reflect the organisation of the verbal lexicon according to a relation of co-hyponymy intra-domain vs co-hyponymy inter-domains. We consider three repercussions of this work: in the automatic processing of the verb lexicon, in the early-learning of the lexicon, and also in language pathology
Ben, Henda Mokhtar. "Morphologie et architecture des interfaces de communication de l'information scientifique et technique dans un environnement multilingue : le contexte arabo-latin." Bordeaux 3, 1999. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006373.
Full textThe arab-latin multilingualism that we identify as a hard multilingualism presents two major peculiarities that make it distinguishable from soft multilingualism (the same linguistic family) : graphic or textual representation and bidirectionnality. The mechanism of characters representation and processing on basis of coding and standards requirements constitute one of the prime constraints to linguistic transparency of multilingual systems and human-computer interfaces. Even tough the problem has been well addressed within the context of desktop and local platforms, open and distributed network systems (i. E. Internet) are still under control of latin oriented linguistic, and particularly anglo-saxon, hegemony. Other non latin languages are yet on their ways to integrate these systems but they are generally excluded from operating system areas (uris, protocols. . . ). Our contribution to i18n and li on of multilingual information systems and human-computer interfaces is proposed in terms of a combinatory mechanism between a numeric resources identification system and a unified coded character set (unicode or iso 10646). Bidirectionnality is also a constraining factor that weighs on human-computer multilingual interfaces. Sorting algorithms, logical and visual processing of text breaking and interpolation, linguistic labeling and negotiation between distributed systems, the opposition between left-to-right restrictive orientation of numeral and their internal right-to-left algorithmic way of processing constitute the major focal points of our analysis of the bidi mechanism. Our major concern in conducting this research is to revoke inherited and state-of-the-art multilingual scientific information and communication systems in order to dig deeper in specialized research areas like linguistic engineering and socilinguistics
Chanut, Pierre-Yves. "Les habitations en latin : étude lexicologique." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040055.
Full textThe first part of the thesis is semasiological : it consists of a study of 89 substantives,which are dealt with according to their appearance date. .
Osman, Muhammad Ussama. "Recherche méthodologique de la création terminologique en langues de spécialité, vocabulaire de l'informatique en arabe." Paris 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA030130.
Full textTHE AUTHOR SUGGESTS TO STUDY A SAMPLE OF DATA PROCESSING TERMINOLOGY USED IN ARABIC PUBLICATIONS SO AS TO POINT OUT HOW ARABIC LANGUAGE DEALS WITH A VOCABULARY OF A TECHNICAL FIELD MAIMLY MADE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES, ENGLISH AND FRENCH IN THE CASE OF ARABIC LANGUAGE. A REFORMULATED CONCEPTION OF "CREATION" IN TECHNICAL LANGUAGE IS SUGGESTED. THE DIFFERENT WAYS IN WHICH ARABIC ADOPTS AND TRANSFERS THE TERMINOLOGY OF THE DOMAINE OF THE STUDY ARE ANALYSED AND ILLUSTRATED WITH EXAMPLES. THE QUESTIONS OF TERMINOLOGY CREATION. COORDINATION AND DISSMINATION ACOSS THE ARAB WORD IS LARGELY DISCUSSED. THE BASIS FOR A COMPUTERIZED FUTURE research ON THIS VOCABULARY HAS BEEN SUGGESTED. A RICH SELECTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY IS PROVIDED
Lelubre, Xavier. "La terminologie arabe contemporaine de l'optique : faits - theories - evaluation." Lyon 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO20005.
Full textThe arabic scientific terminology for optics is to a large extent indebted to the french and english terminologies. The language resources for the formation of optics terms are based on the system of nomination, poor in affixes, and the system of communication, greatly solicited. Semantic transfers (metonymy, metaphore and hypally) and borrowing, only for certain categories of referents, are used. Facts on synonymy are numerous. They come under the existence of several competing terminologies, composed of sub-sets of terms. In certain cases, mixed with facts on polyreferentiality, they can do some harm to the efficiency in the arabic scientific terminology
Memet, Monique. "Anglais de spécialité dans le domaine du génie électrique : aspects sociolinguistiques et applications didactiques résultant du traitement informatique des données." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR21010.
Full textDjegham, Taoufik. "Terminologie internet et création lexicale arabe : contraintes linguistique et défaillance de la traduction." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030131.
Full textAll the languages do not have the same tools to answer the terminological challenge caused by the advent of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), and especially Internet. The outdatedness of the tools in use for lexical creation in Arabic as well as the vulgarizing of specialized terminology could block the renewal of this language. This observation arises the issue of "denomination", i. E. The conceptual structuring of technical terms, as a preliminary stage to neology and to translation. The analysis of the problems related to translation led us to treat the various types of processes resorted by the translators to render the 36 items of our Arabic corpus. We located six of them: semantic loan, descriptive neology, “direct loan”, adapted or modified loan, “loanblend” and “loanshift”. All have a more or less close relationship with terminological loan, but they do not have the same value from a traductological point of view
Sabiron, Jean. "Langue anglaise et étudiants scientifiques : une combinatoire d'outils langagiers et méthodologiques en vue du perfectionnement de la compréhension de l'anglais oral : autour d'un Centre de Ressources, le concept d'ACADEME." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR21025.
Full textCastagné, Noémie. "Les mots des sciences : la prose scientifique en langue vulgaire dans l'italie du XVI° siècle." Paris 8, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA083679.
Full textRowley-Jolivet, Elizabeth. "La communication scientifique orale : étude des caractéristiques linguistiques et discursives d'un "genre" : champ de l'étude : géologie, médecine, physique." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR21001.
Full textThe aim of the study is to characterise the generic features, both linguistic and discursive, of oral scientific research papers. To this end a corpus has been collected and transcribed comprising video recordings of 90 research papers given in english at international scientific conferences in 1993-1994 in the fields of geology, medicine, and physics (30 papers in each field, equally distributed between native and non-native english speakers), and a second, comparative corpus of proceedings papers in physics. The data are strictly controlled for the three variables of mode (oral/written), scientific field, and speaker origin (native/non-native). The approach is ethnographic and constructivist. Computer-aided text analysis reveals that oral scientific discourse exhibits a highly different set of linguistic characteristics from scientific research articles. The variable of mode is shown to exert the greatest influence, but certain features are field-dependent, while others vary as a function of speaker origin. The discourse analysis highlights two key features of the genre : the nature of the claims, and visual communication. The position of conference papers in the life of a fact (between laboratory work and certified knowledge), and the role of question time, leads us to attribute the status of 'proto-claim' to the knowledge claims of this genre. A four-part typology of the visual channel - the scriptovisual pyramid - is proposed and each scientific field shown to have a specific visual profile. Recurrent sequences of visuals are analysed and reveal the existence of field-specific modes of visual argument and of a hierarchy of visuals. It is claimed that in oral scientific papers the visual channel plays an important role in conveying discourse structure to a specialist audience
Depierre, Amélie. "La Composition en anglais scientifique : application au domaine de la physico-chimie." Littoral, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DUNK0070.
Full textThis study stems from teaching experience and comes as a response to students' questions and errors. It has two main objectives : on the one hand a critical review of existing research on compounds and other complex nominals in English, and on the other hand the application of the theoretical data available in order to help French-speaking students and researchers, who need to communicate (understand, speak and write) in English, namely in the domain of physico-chemical sciences. After a survey of the characteristics of compounds, and an investigation of axamples taken from several corpora, a new morphological classification of binominal compounds is suggested, then the semantic relations between their elements are pointed out. The results are extended to longer nominals, with a particular attention paid to words built from Greek and Latin bases, and acronyms, which abound in the field of sciences. These competing structures : N₂ N₁, N₂'s N₁ and N₁ of N₂ are contrasted, as they are a major source of error among French speakers, especially at the encoding stage. Lastly, an electronic glossary in Excel format including some of the terms of the domain, together with examples of attested sentences, has been developed. One of the future objectives is to transfer the glossary in HTML format in order to make it more available for use in various domains
Bouguignon, Claire. "Analyse de la relation sujet-langue dans la communication professionnelle internationale : application à l'anglais maritime." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR21026.
Full textAbi-Ghanem, Carine. "La Terminologie arabe du génie génétique." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/abi-ghanem_c.
Full textThis research treads on, more or less, virgin grounds because it attempts to integrate a socioterminological approach into a specialty field within the Arabic language. It aims at bringing a certain thinking on the Arabic terminology of the Genetic Engineering, observing how its concepts are denominated and examining the question of its distribution in the midst of this geographical space. This study analyzes in a socioterminological point of view, a young field and studies the circulation, the distribution, the reception and the implementation of its terms in the Arab World in view of several heterogeneous enunciators. The first part deals with the observation of the established facts of the terminology (morphological and discursive study of terms) of this field while the second part tries to put into application the principles of socioterminology concerning the Arabic language. We’ll try to see how the socioterminological approach can be beneficial in the comprehension of the creation of Genetic Engineering terms in the Arab World. Then, we’ll verify how possible it would be to apply a socioterminology to a scientific field in Arabic. Our goal is to overstep the study of classical terminology and to focus on various sociolinguistic parameters instead in order to examine the real function of the field terms within their interactive and discursive dimension
Jacques, Marie-Paule. "Approche en discours de la réduction des termes complexes dans les textes spécialisés." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20067.
Full textThe thesis is concerned with deletion of one of the major constituents of complex terms: expansion or head. Analyzing two corpora of French written specialized texts, the mechanisms of these deletions are highlighted. The deletion of the expansion is due to identical mechanisms in both corpora. The reduced term may be anaphoric, i. E. Co-referent with a preceding complex term, or it may rely on a kind of default interpretation, i. E. One reduced term is preferentially used instead of one particular complex term. The deletion of the head makes use of distinct mechanisms in each corpus. For one of these, the deletion is due to a lexicalisation process: reduced terms must be known as such, the text strongly underdetermines their relation to the complex terms to which they relate. For the other one, it is mostly a discourse phenomenon: ellipsis based on metonymy. The last chapter of the thesis sketches an automatic retrieval of anaphoric reduced terms. This shows that differences between the corpora must be taken into account in order to improve automatic retrieval
Lahmidi, Zahra. "Enseigner la communication scientifique écrite aux étudiants universitaires d'un pays du sud et de la francophonie : le Maroc." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE2039.
Full textThis research examines the curricular issues related to the teaching of academic and communication skills in French language in order to help students increase their chances in achieving a high level of success both in the academic and the employment field. Based on the didactic approach of the “French for specific purposes” reread in light of the polycentric model that Serge Borg (2001) has developed around the notion of “curriculum” a study is conducted and led to the development of an educational process aiming at helping students gain knowledge of the academic terminology and the cultural dimensions of their specialty field. First, this research starts by presenting the various elements of the context studied. The second step aims at analyzing the complexity of the learning needs. This has contributed to the development of new learning system called Mixed Curriculum Model suggesting the use of a combination of continuous support in addition to “ In class teaching” in order to control and supervise the students self-directed learning process. A tailored grading scale in “French for specific purposes” is adopted in order to portray the level the students’ progress
Vasilescu, Volanschi Alexandra. "Étude et modélisation des phénomènes collocationnels : implémentation dans un système d'aide à la rédaction en anglais scientifique." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070089.
Full textThe central goal of the present study is to develop a methodology to explore the combinatorial properties of terms belonging to a specific field of biology, yeast biology, based on the analysis of a corpus of scientific articles. This research has led to the production of a writing aid tool meant to help non-native authors write scientific papers in English. A number of theoretical and methodological considerations are outlined in the first part of our study. We begin by analysing the various definitions and defining features of collocations - both in general language and in languages for specific purposes. This led us to formulate a working definition of collocations, well suited for our application. We then review various methods of automatic collocation extraction from corpora and a number of collocation encoding methods used by various lexicographical and terminographical approaches This state-of-the-art discussion prompted a number of thoughts on the choices best suited for our purpose. In the second part, we discuss our collocation extraction method and the specifications of the web interface allowing users to query results. In order to extract terminological collocations specific to yeast biology but also collocations belonging to general scientific language we have built and analysed a large specialised corpus (over 5 million words), composed of research articles on yeast biology. Our hybrid collocation extraction method is based on dependency parsing combined with a number of statistical heuristics : mutual information, frequency and coverage
Faure, Pascaline. "Pour une grammaire métaphorique de l'anglais de spécialité : application de la théorie de la grammaire d'opérations à la didactique de l'anglais médical." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR21007.
Full textOur research was motivated by the desire to elaborate, through application of the linguistic theory of operations, an original treatment of english grammar in a course designed for french-speaking health professionals. As we felt we first needed to bring to light the specificity of those for whom we intended our didactic work, we carried out a survey of our target group. This survey, the results of which make up the first part of our study, aimed at specifying the profiles, linguistic needs and expectations of the health-professionals interested in following a medical english course. In addition, there is to be found a summary statement of the various types of courses and modules, the many learning devices and tools on the market, and the certificates and diplomas that can be prepared by the students. We present, in the second part of our thesis, our suggestions concerning the use of a metaphorised version of grammar: a result of our concern about the need to offer learners a coherent and comprehensible vision of the english grammatical system through vectors carefully chosen from medicine-related fields. All the operations associated with the three basic grammatical categories - the noun, verb and sentence - are analysed in contrast to those corresponding in other indo-european languages, and put back, for some, in a diachronic dimension. Examples in context, including articles taken from english medical journals, jokes and cartoons illustrate operations and general principles. Our "linguistic transgenesis" effort would probably have been considered to be sheer utopianism if it had not been tested out on students by means of questionnaires designed to assess both the popularity and the "therapeutic" effectiveness of our approach. The results of these evaluations comprise the third part of our research
Messaoudi, Leila. "Des technolectes : présentation, identification, fonctionnement ; application linguistique à l'arabe standard." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05H030.
Full textThis research deals with three main questions. The first one is : how can we distinguish between special languages (i. E. Technolects) and common language? The second one is : what are the most important ways to identify the technolects? The third one is : what kind of linguistic procedures are used in technolects at work, with a special attention paid to technolects in standard arabic? (which is an applied domain for this study with many data collected from bilingual dictionaries and notices in two fields : agriculture and chemistry in franch arabic. Results of this study show that there are some linguistic procedures which are used in technolects. These procedures can be grouped into two sections : formal procedures and non-formal procedures. In first group we range compounds and derivatives and in the second, we present semantic matters as "mode of designation" (which seems to be specific to technolects) and some cases of semic relations inside and between technolectal words. And in spite of inconvenients of "componential analysis", this method has been relevant in studying semantic relations as synonymy, polysemy and homonymy. But the analysis of technolects in standard arabic shows difficulties ought to real using in situ which seems to be missing in standard arabic
Magno, e. Silva Walkyria. "Etude linguistique d'un corpus de manuels d'informatique : application à la lecture en langue étrangère." Toulouse 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU20048.
Full textA corpus of 23 hardware and software computer manuals was studied in order to find out their main characteristics. Focusing on the "Installation and Use" section of these manuals, a linguistic analysis was conducted under the light of two main theoretical currents. On the one hand, the methodology derived from the theory of sublanguages (Z. Harris, 1968, 1982; L. Hirschman & N. Sager, 1982; J. Lehrberger, 1982) helped establish the common grounds of phrase stuctures found in this written genre. Techniques base on distributional analysis were employed to determine the information format of the six most frequent action verbs in the corpus (J. M. Adam, 1985,1992) proved the high incidence of the procedural discourse and showed the interrelation among this type of text and the descriptive and explanatory ones. Pedagogical actions intended to a public of university students who need to read texts in English in the domain of computer sciences were eventually proposed
Jamborova-Lemay, Diana. "Analyse morphologique automatique du slovaque : étude approfondie du système linguistique slovaque et sa reconnaissance d'après la forme dans les textes scientifiques et techniques, application au machinisme agricole." Paris, INALCO, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INAL0013.
Full textAutomatic morphological analysis of Slovak language is the first level of an automatical analyser for Slovak's scientifical and technical texts. Such a system could be used for different applications : automatic text indexation, automatic research of terminology or translation systems. A rule-based description of language's regularities as well as the use of all the formal level elements of words allow to reduce considerably the volume of dictionaries. Notably in case of inflectionally rich languages such as Slovak. The results obtained by our morphological analyser justify such an approach and confirm the high reliability of morphological analysis based on form-recognition for all lexical categories
Chenik, Nicole. "L'enseignement assisté par ordinateur et son application à l'enseignement de l'anglais de spécialité." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040126.
Full textThis purpose of this thesis is to examine how Computer Assited Language Learning (CALL) can be usefully applied in ESP. .
Biloré, Christine. "Analyse phraséologique de documents économiques et financiers russes en vue de la création d'outils d'aide à la traduction." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE2036.
Full textThe expanding communication between France and Russia requires additional tools for translation. However, only a few lexicographic resources are dedicated to the Russian language. This thesis aims to develop a new approach of the translation of Russian economic documents into French; the study emphasizes the importance of phraseological resources derived from genuine documents. It presents, therefore, three constituents: the creation of a corpus of documents, the detailed description of the structure of the documents and their terminology and the analysis of the bilingual phraseological units (PU) extracted from the texts. The PU are analysed from a semantic point of view; an organised system of concepts is used to tabulate the units. They can be found through their lexical items (listed in alphabetical order) or through their meaning (using a set of concepts). Both ways to access the units are of great assistance to the translator
Mahsan, Khaled. "Terminologies scientifique et technique dans le monde arabe, terminologie du langage économique : essai de modélisation d'un dictionnaire de terminologie du système bancaire." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030026.
Full textTerminology is a discipline that has recently acquired an important and recognized position among the disciplines concerned with the study of language. In the Arab world, scientific and technical terminology, including economic terminology, are in evolution. The Arabic language, which used to be the vehicle of scientific research, has employed such word-formation processes as derivation and composition in an endeavour to keep up with the growth of terminology. To be able to express new concepts, sometimes it opts for borrowing and calque, two processes which are not unanimously received by Arab linguists. These processes lead to synonymy that disturbs communication among Arabic users. The standardization of terms is a solution to this problem. In fact, the academies and institutes of Arabic combine their efforts in order to standardize the terminology in both parts of the Arab world: the East and the Maghreb. They also try to take advantage of the success of computers and the internet in developing databases for multilingual terminology and producing software for the automatic processing of Arabic, which allows for the continual updating of data
Chateau, Smith Carmela Mary Bernadette. "Changements de paradigme et prosodie sémantique : étude d'un corpus diachronique d'anglais géologique." Lorient, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORIL282.
Full textWas the transition from a fixed Earth to continental drift and plate tectonics a paradigm shift? The history and philosophy of science in the mid-twentieth century suggests that it was. To examine this hypothesis further, a purpose-built diachronic corpus of geological English (WebsTerre) was compiled in order to investigate possible changes in language during a paradigm shift. The baseline is a sub-corpus of Lyell’s works, from 1830-1871, representative of the initial paradigm in geology. The second sub-corpus represents the Precursors to the paradigm shift, Taylor, Wegener and Du Toit. A micro-corpus of six core texts from the key period (1962-1966) and an outer core of texts (1948-1971) are contrasted with three sets of articles by Partisans and Opponents from 1962 to 1990. Several types of software are used to analyse the WebsTerre corpus, while reference corpora from 1961 and the early 1990s serve as markers to establish general language use for key terms before and after the paradigm shift. The semantic prosody for individual words as well as multi-word units is examined and evidence of prosody transfer from general to specialised usage is brought to light. Parallels are drawn between the history of Geology and that of Linguistics during the twentieth century. Earth Science and Corpus Linguistics, the new science of language, are both found to have experienced instrument-based (or technology-led) paradigm shifts in the second half of the twentieth century. The neutral semantic prosody of ‘plate tectonics’ seems easier to accept than the conflicting semantic prosodies of ‘continental’ and ‘drift’, separately and as a fixed expression, in British and American English
Deyrich, Marie-Christine. "La transposition didactique dans l'enseignement de l'anglais de spécialité a l'université : de la linguistique a une grammaire opératoire pour la maitrise des savoir-faire en langue étrangère." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070055.
Full textCarter-Thomas, Shirley. "Organisation thématique et qualité textuelle une analyse des difficultés rencontrées par des éleves ingénieurs francophones lorsqu'ils rédigent en anglais." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H017.
Full textBoughedaoui, Mourad. "Anglais spécialisé de l'informatique : contribution à l'étude de la complexification des noms composés par chaînage." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2A001.
Full textThis work presents a study of the complexification process of string compound nouns (SCNS) through different registers of a corpus of computer science written texts. This process is characterized by the existence of various overlapping levels of the component parts within SCNS. In this study, these levels are identified using a formal segmentation based essentially on the location of collocational sequences in the linguistic environment of SCNS. This approach made it possible to highlight the active role of collocations in the binary structuring of SCNS as well as in the formation of compound adjectives. In order to establish any inter-relationship between the complexification phenomenon and the four registers studied, a statistical analysis of the frequencies and complexities of SCNS has been carried out. An SCN typology has been drawn up so as to put forward the complex relationship resulting from the multiple potential combinations of the various syntactic categories featuring in SCNS. The last section lays special emphasis on the pedagogic implications
Éluerd, Roland. "Le vocabulaire de la siderurgie francaise au xviiieme siecle. (1722-1812)." Paris 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA030071.
Full textIn xviiith century, the vocabulary of iron - much of it very old indeed - met the discoveries and innovations which gave birth to modern iron-and-steel industry. A historical survey of how writings about iron - both scientific and technical - were produced and read provides a backcloth for an in-depth analysis of the various names and treatments of iron, as well as the methods of production of pig iron, soft iron and steel. Such a perspective makes it possible to perceive each term in the wide variety of situations it was used in. It then becomes clear that the links between words, things, situations and history are so numerous and so strong that the emergence of such a vocabulary cannot be confined within the limits of language alone, even considered in its various uses. Consequently, a vocabulary cannot be called scientific and technical because of its linguistic formation and form, nor because of its links with scientific or technical objects. Like objects themselves, a vocabulary becomes scientific and technical through a variation of the everyday use of human speech. This pragmatic conception is clearly expounded by c. S. Peirce and l. Wittgenstein
Silvi, Christine. "L'expression du vrai dans le discours scientifique médiéval en langue vulgaire (XIIIème-début XIVème siècle) : étude linguistique." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040268.
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