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Journal articles on the topic 'Greek and Latin medical terminology'
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1
Kolodnytska, O. D., and I. I. Vorona. "USING PROJECT-BASED LEARNING TO TEACH LATIN AND GREEK MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY." Медична освіта, no. 2 (August 16, 2019): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.11603/me.2414-5998.2019.2.10353.
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The article reveals the role and importance of the project method of Latin teaching; to represent the sample of the project “Latin and Greek medical terminology and their corresponding national equivalents in English”.
The basic terminology competence of medical students is formed in Latin lessons because Latin vocabulary is used in Anatomy, Histology, Chemistry, Biology, as well as further clinical disciplines. Thus, the principle of close interdisciplinary integration helps students better understand the nature of the anatomical, histological, pharmaceutical, and clinical terms.
Project-based learning to teach Latin and Greek medical terminology contributes training in logical thinking, boosting cognitive processes essential for medicine, and causes the development of research and creative skills of medical students, the ability to independently construct their knowledge, navigate the information space and think critically.
It has been found that the use of project learning combined with all necessary elements of co-operating training of future medical workers greatly facilitates their creative training, development of communicative skills and contributes to independent decision-making.
The efficient using project-based learning to teach Latin and Greek medical terminology in higher medical educational institutions in combination with conventional teaching and technical support provides the highest quality of the educational process.
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Langslow, David. "LATIN TECHNICAL LANGUAGE: SYNONYMS AND GREEK WORDS IN LATIN MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY." Transactions of the Philological Society 87, no. 1 (May 1989): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-968x.1989.tb00618.x.
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Abraeva, Shakhnoza Esonovna. "Linguistic Features Of Latin And Greek Synonymous Morphemes In The Lexical System Of The French Language (Based On Medical Texts)." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 03, no. 05 (May 30, 2021): 172–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume03issue05-33.
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This article discusses the use of medical terminology, which includes Latin and Greek terms and morphemes. Because Latin and Greek terms are becoming a major part of medical terminology. The article also states that the main function of medical terms is to express a scientific concept in one sense. Latin-Greek morphemes play an important role in the formation of medical lexicon. In addition to the most common methods of term formation, there are also some methods, the results of which are abbreviations, homonyms, synonyms, eponyms, and so on. To understand the meaning of these medical terms, we are required to become familiar with their morphology.
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Mincu, Eugenia. "Mythological References of Greek and Latin Doublets and Terminology." Philologia, no. 2(314) (August 2021): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.52505/1857-4300.2021.2(314).12.
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The investigation of the process of establishing the Greco-Latin doublets implies the presence of mythological sources, which offer elucidations from the origin and are important in their semantic-functional design. In this article, we propose the analysis of the Greek-Latin doublet < lat. umbilicus, i, m and < gr. omphalos, es, f „umbilical” (national and international dimensions), a representative doublet in medical terminology, but also modestly productive. Each of the components of the doublet requires personalized investigations (diachronic, synchronic aspects): the Latin component is included in the fundamental vocabulary of the Romanian languages (national terminology); Greek component – in the mass of vocabulary (international terminology). Neological lexical creations (formed on the basis of Greco-Latin doublets) correspond to a universal dimension of the conscious creativity of scientists and denominate specialized medical knowledge.
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Estopà, Rosa, and M. Amor Montané. "Terminology in medical reports." Terminology 26, no. 2 (December 4, 2020): 213–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.00051.est.
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Abstract Medical reports provide a record of a patient’s diagnostic or therapeutic process while receiving healthcare. It is, therefore, critical that patients have a good understanding of their medical reports, particularly as various studies show that misunderstanding or failing to understand them can have severe consequences for their health. Today’s medical reports are essentially expository documents in which nominalizations proliferate and where verbs are scarce. This favours the presence of specific medical terminology, which is the main obstacle to comprehension. Based on an analysis of a corpus of medical reports, in this article we, first, identify and study the lexical indicators (including terms of Greek or Latin origin, abbreviations, eponyms, etc.) that hinder understanding of a medical report and, then, correlate these indicators with such textual parameters as cognitive load, semantic opacity, semantic confusion and semantic ambiguity.
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Grimm-Stadelmann, Isabel. "Οἱ ἰατροὶ λέγουσι … – Erläuterungen zur anatomischen Terminologie in Περὶ τῆς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου κατασκευῆς." Byzantinische Zeitschrift 112, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 843–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bz-2019-0034.
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Abstract The anatomical and physiological treatise Περὶ τῆς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἀνθρώπου κατασκευῆς is characterized by a peculiarity of medical terminology which is largely unknown from comparable texts: on the one hand, anatomical terms are put into relation with corresponding terms from poetic language, on the other hand they are precisely defined by descriptions of objects of everyday use. The considerable discrepancy between the Greek original and its Latin translation is of particular interest against the background of the renaissance of Περὶ τῆς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου κατασκευῆς in the 16th century AD. The multiple versions of the Latin translation show that medical terminology in Latin language was still in an ongoing process of development, for which reason many Greek anatomical terms were inserted untranslated into the Latin text due to a lack of an adequate Latin equivalents. For this reason Περὶ τῆς τοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου κατασκευῆς plays a central role in the development of anatomical terminology, but also in its becoming more and more specific and precise.
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Grigonytė, Gintarė, Maria Kvist, Mats Wirén, Sumithra Velupillai, and Aron Henriksson. "Swedification patterns of Latin and Greek affixes in clinical text." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 39, no. 1 (January 7, 2016): 5–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586515000293.
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Swedish medical language is rich with Latin and Greek terminology which has undergone a Swedification since the 1980s. However, many original expressions are still used by clinical professionals. The goal of this study is to obtain precise quantitative measures of how the foreign terminology is manifested in Swedish clinical text. To this end, we explore the use of Latin and Greek affixes in Swedish medical texts in three genres: clinical text, scientific medical text and online medical information for laypersons. More specifically, we use frequency lists derived from tokenised Swedish medical corpora in the three domains, and extract word pairs belonging to types that display both the original and Swedified spellings. We describe six distinct patterns explaining the variation in the usage of Latin and Greek affixes in clinical text. The results show that to a large extent affixes in clinical text are Swedified and that prefixes are used more conservatively than suffixes.
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Markovic, Vera. "Ancient Greek in modern language of medicine." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 135, no. 9-10 (2007): 606–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0710606m.
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In order to standardize language of medicine, it is essential to have a good command of ancient Greek and Latin. We cannot deny a huge impact of ancient Greek medicine on medical terminology. Compounds of Greek origin related to terms for organs, illnesses, inflammations, surgical procedures etc. have been listed as examples. They contain Greek prefixes and suffixes transcribed into Latin and they have been analyzed. It may be concluded that the modern language of medicine basically represents the ancient Greek language transcribed into Latin.
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Yagenich, L. V. "On the Classification of Veterinary Medical Terminology in Modern English." Prepodavatel XXI vek, no. 1, 2020 (2020): 342–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2073-9613-2020-1-342-351.
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The professional English-speaking activity of a veterinarian implies the use of a terminological apparatus in veterinary medicine, the words which have Latin and ancient Greek roots. In veterinary medicine, the terms are widely spread and they reflect the scientific achievements of anatomy, physiology and histology of many generations of natural scientists and veterinarians. Latin and English are functioning in the XX and XXI centuries, at the same time English terms with Latin roots replace Latin terms and function successfully in the scientific intercultural communication. The proposed classification of veterinary English terms allows systematizing knowledge in the process of learning English by veterinarians. There are three groups of terms: veterinary, anatomical, biological. Eponymous and abbreviations are significant sources of veterinary medicine. The veterinary terms division provides the formation of professional foreign language competence.
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Naznean, Adrian. "Deity, love, punishment, rage, and mythonyms from head to toes. A brief history of some medical terms." Revista Romana de Medicina de Laborator 29, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 327–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rrlm-2021-0023.
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Abstract Although it is undoubtful that today’s Medical English is rooted in Greek and Latin, it is particularly interesting that figures from Greek mythology are the roots of words to describe conditions, body parts, feelings, substances, etc. While there are numerous medical terms that are derived from the names of Greek mythological figures, this paper will only investigate words ranging from A to H and will try to justify the relationship between the concepts and the choice of terminology.
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Kolodnytska, O. D., H. B. Palasiuk, and I. I. Vorona. "LATIN PHRASEOLOGICAL FUND AS A SOURCE OF DEVELOPING FUTURE PHYSICIANS’ LEXICAL COMPETENCE." Медична освіта, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.11603/me.2414-5998.2020.1.10991.
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The article reviews Latin proverbs and sayings, short quotes, statements of historical figures as a means of aphorism; it summarizes the importance of learning Latin aphorisms, quotes, proverbs and sayings and their corresponding equivalents in English and Ukrainian by medical students on Latin classes.
According to historical conditions, Latin has lost its communicative function, but it has gained great historical and educational significance and has become an inexhaustible source of universal human culture and a link between antiquity and modernity. Learning Latin helps the deeper acquisition of knowledge from many specialties, and plays an important role in the artistic and aesthetic education of future physicians.
Phraseological funds of many modern languages have been replenished by Latin and Greek aphorisms borrowed by new languages mainly through Latin. The Latin phraseological fund contains numerous proverbs and sayings borrowed by world’s languages in the translated form.
Many Latin words were borrowed by Ukrainian, and it is not only the international terminological vocabulary used by scholars in various branches of knowledge but also everyday words (forum – форум (forum), colleague – колега (collega), professor – професор (professor), etc.).
Latin is a basis of all medical terminology facilitating professional communication between languages. The study of Latin obviously helps future physicians to better understand and learn the medical terminology of Greek-Latin origin. Learning Latin not only introduces folk wisdom (learning of aphorisms, proverbs, and sayings), but also lays the foundations of scientific knowledge, promotes the formation of a professional language, which allows to carry out communicative tasks of medical staff.
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Zheleva, Zlatina, and Svetla Petrova. "THE TERMINOLOGY OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY- A CONTRASTIVE ENGLISH-BULGARIAN STUDY." KNOWLEDGE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 31, no. 6 (June 5, 2019): 1787–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij31061787z.
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The goal of terminology from its very beginning, and especially that of specialized medical or technical terminology, has been to establish and facilitate professional communication. The development of terminology and its theory is a long and difficult process, from its very beginning scientists of all fields have been trying to work out a unified system for term formation which would apply to all sciences and fields of science. The ‘fathers’ of the contemporary General Terminological Theory (GTT) were the Austrian scholar Wüster and the Russian scholar Lote, both working on terminology of engineering, and their goal was to create an unambiguous terminology which would enhance professional and scientific communication. The issue of internationalization was brought up and was one of the guiding principles in terminology formation. In medical terminology this issue is partly resolved due to the Greek and Latin origins of terms and concepts which are used in most countries throughout the world. Since English borrows most of its terms from Latin and Greek and since it has come to be the international language in the medical field, this has made scientific communication easier. However, these terms refer mainly to anatomical and clinical terms and do not include the new terminological entities which occur due to the constant development of the field. The present article aims at conducting a contrastive linguistic study of the terminology of paediatric dentistry and exploring the differences and similarities in English and Bulgarian languages. The materials used are textbooks from the field of paediatric dentistry used in the education of university students at Medical University-Plovdiv. Terminology discussed encompasses both anatomical and clinical entities and studies the origins, the manner of term formation in both languages and the manner in which English dental medical terminology influences the Bulgarian one. Terminology is classified according to the manner of its formation in the source language- English and the changes which it undergoes in being translated or transliterated into the other language- Bulgarian. The terms are discussed from the point of view of types of word formation such as derivation, compounding, which prevail in the already established terms which derive from Greek and Latin, and the forming of multi-word phrases which prevails nowadays and leads to the use of abbreviations. What is interesting is the use of the latter in contemporary medical literature in Bulgarian and the manner in which nouns, verbs etc. are directly borrowed from English and transliterated. The constant development of new medical terms and their usage in other languages is an ongoing and continuous process and it presents a challenge to the scientists who use it, the translators who work with texts and linguists who are interested in the principles of language development.
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Brahler, C. Jayne, and Diane Walker. "Learning scientific and medical terminology with a mnemonic strategy using an illogical association technique." Advances in Physiology Education 32, no. 3 (September 2008): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00083.2007.
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For students pursuing careers in medical fields, knowledge of technical and medical terminology is prerequisite to being able to solve problems in their respective disciplines and professions. The Dean Vaughn Medical Terminology 350 Total Retention System, also known as Medical Terminology 350 ( 25 ), is a mnemonic instructional and learning strategy that combines mental imagery and keyword mnemonic elaboration processes to help students recall the scientific meaning of Greek and Latin word parts. High school students in Anatomy and Physiology classes at a career technology center were divided into experimental (Medical Terminology 350), control (rote memorization), or combination (Medical Terminology 350 and rote memorization) groups and completed pre- and posttests of standardized word recall tests. Students in the Dean Vaughn Medical Terminology 350 Total Retention System group achieved significantly greater pre- to posttest word recall improvement compared with students in both the rote memorization ( P ≤ 0.0001) and combined rote memorization and Medical Terminology 350 ( P ≤ 0.05) groups. There appeared to be a dose-dependent response as the pre- to posttest gain in word recall scores increased as exposure to the treatment increased.
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Wakabayashi, Judy. "Teaching Medical Translation." Meta 41, no. 3 (September 30, 2002): 356–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004584ar.
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Abstract The main difficulties specific to medical translation are students' lack of medical knowledge and their unfamiliarity with medical terminology and phraseology. These difficulties can be partially overcome by a bilingual introduction to the key anatomical terms, diagnostic terms, symptomatic terms, operative terms, laboratory tests, and clinical procedures related to each of the body systems. Together with ample practice in actual translation, a medical translation course should also include information on useful resource materials; Latin and Greek roots, affixes and combining forms; common medical abbreviations; "lay" terms vs medical terms; medical English style; and the standard format of medical journal articles.
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Nutton, Vivian. "John of Alexandria Again: Greek Medical Philosophy in Latin Translation." Classical Quarterly 41, no. 2 (December 1991): 509–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000983880000464x.
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It is a brave scholar who ventures into the murky world of Late Antique medicine in search of information on earlier theories. Not only may the opinions of a Herophilus or a Galen be distorted by their distant interpreters, but frequently the texts themselves present serious challenges to understanding. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the Latin versions made from Greek philosophical and medical commentaries, which interpose an additional linguistic barrier before one can make sense of sometimes complex arguments. Yet as R. J. Hankinson has shown in his recent note on John of Alexandria, there is much to be gained from these forbidding works. But while he has succeeded in elucidating much of the technical terminology and argument that lies behind one of these translations, his lack of familiarity with the textual basis of the relevant commentary has both led him into error and prevented him from resolving still more of its difficulties. His ignorance is easily pardonable, for, as will be shown, modern editors have unwittingly conspired to block the way to the truth, and the essential secondary literature has been published in journals and theses rarely accessible to the classicist.
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Nosacheva, Marina, and Nataliya Danilina. "Types of Compound Word-Formation in Medical Terminology (On the Material of the German Language)." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 4 (December 2019): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2019.4.11.
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The aim of the study is to optimize the classification of the types of the compound word-building with components of Greek and Latin origin; the research is based on the sample of 2882 substantive compound terms of the German clinical terminology. The researches apply the descriptive analytical and quantitative methods to the study. It is stated, that the words with complex morphemic structures can be formed by composite and non-composite types of word-building. The paper presents the complex classification of different ways of the compound word-formation considering following criteria: the type and the base of the word-formation process (morphological and morphological-and-syntactic ways of the compound word-formation), the number of the word-building processes, taking place within the compound word-formation (pure and mixed types of the compound word-formation). The analysis of the material reveals the dominance of the morphological compound word-building. In the medical terminology the following subtypes of the compound word-formation are distinguished: stem + terminological element, term + term, stem + term, with the latter two to be the most productive.The use of terminological units as structural elements of compounds and their employment in classification allows to avoid excessive extension of stock of morphemes used in the so-called intermediate zone. Further arrangement of word-building patterns is carried out according to the genetic criterion. In German clinical terminology the dominance of hybrid terms with German components has been established; among homogeneous compounds the terms consisting of Greek rather than Latin or German components are more widely represented. The proposed classifications are applicable to the material of medical terminologies in other languages and enable their accurate comparison.
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Ohanyan, Marianna. "The Functional Value of Proper Nouns in Medical Texts." Armenian Folia Anglistika 10, no. 1-2 (12) (October 15, 2014): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2014.10.1-2.102.
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Medical terminology is the professional language of those who are directly or indirectly engaged in the art of healing. Medical texts contain a lot of Greek and Latin borrowings, metaphoric usages of some terms and also term-eponyms. Health and care professionals need good communication skills to develop positive relationships and share information with people using linguistic varieties. Medical eponyms are often attached to the people who made the discovery. Term-eponyms can have both negative and positive overtones. They are a source of social communication and cognitively and culturally oriented. It can be stated that term-eponyms realize a cognitive function derived from the sphere they belong to.
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Ryzhniak, Oksana, Victoria Krasnoshchok, and Komila Karmazina. "ABOUT SOME CHANGES IN MODERN MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY." Research Bulletin Series Philological Sciences 1, no. 193 (April 2021): 428–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2522-4077-2021-1-193-428-432.
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The article considers the main changes in modern medical terminology related to the occurrence, prevention and treatment of coronavirus infections, analyzes the main lexical and thematic groups of neologisms in terms of their origin and functioning. Among all the changes in modern medical terminology, two main processes attract attention in the first place: the emergence of a large number of new terms and a change in the distinction between active and passive vocabulary. Given the extralinguistic causes of both processes, it can be predicted that similar changes are taking place now in most languages of the world. In addition, even without special research, it is clear that the main number of neologisms borrowed from English has an international character and Latin-Greek etymology. Today we can begin to describe, systematize and classify some processes that occur in the lexical system as the most mobile tier of language, which actively responds to all extralinguistic factors in society. Without being able to focus on all the problems of modern medical terminology related to the pandemic, we will consider the situation with lexical- thematic groups "name of coronavirus infection" and "names of social restrictions associated with the pandemic" as the most striking sections of the general problem. After all, due to the pandemic, almost all languages of the world are undergoing serious lexical changes. Among the main processes are the emergence of a large number of new medical terms and the change in the distinction between active and passive vocabulary, when professional medical vocabulary becomes an active vocabulary of every ordinary person. Consider this assumption on the example of two thematic groups - "covid" and "social isolation". The material for the study was the publication of periodicals, orders and recommendations of various levels from the Ministry of Health to rectors and directors of educational institutions, banners of various types, news sites, etc.
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Karbovnik, I. V. "Latin clinical veterinary terminology: word-formation, lexical-semantic and syntactic aspects." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 86 (February 26, 2018): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet8631.
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The article is devoted to the research of the Latin medical-veterinary clinical terminology system – one of the subsystems of general medical-veterinary terminology. The ways of formation of the Latin Sublanguage of clinical veterinary medicine are analyzed, sources of its replenishment are determined; It was discovered that most of the terms are composed using terms of Greek-Latin origin, which is a decisive trend in the development of the terminology of veterinary medicine and in our time.It is investigated that for the modern terminological word formation of clinical veterinary vocabulary all main methods are typical, by means of which the vocabulary of the veterinary doctor is replenished: semantical, syntactical, morphological. In the article a word-formation, lexical-semantic and syntactical analysis of the Latin clinical veterinary terminology was made for the first time; the main word-building models are described, the derivation processes, word-formation fortresses of the Latin clinical veterinary terms are described and the complex of methods of their word-formation are analyzed;defined the status and semantic characteristics of formants– components of the term; the lexical-semantic features of the studied terminology are revealed; attention was paid to etymology, the phenomenon of derivation and the most productive affixes and term elements in the structure of one-word clinical veterinary terms.The systematization of term elements according to thematic groups that are in a certain lexical-semantic relationship is carried out, namely: termelements, which denote the names of sciences, treatment, methods of diagnostic examination, surgical techniques; word-formation elements for the designation of organs of animals and tissues; therapeutic methods, names of pathological changes of organs and tissues; term elements that denote various physical properties, quality, color, size; word-formation elements to denote functional changes, processes, and states.The attention is paid to the morphological and syntactical structure of single, dual, and verbose clinical terms with different types of definitions. We consider one of the most important tasks of modern linguistics - not only to fix, study and analyze lexical-semantic innovation processes in terminology, but also codify the terminology system itself. Therefore, one of the priority directions of terminological work in the field of veterinary medicine at the present stage is the normalization of clinical terminology, that is, the revision of the terminology system in accordance with the conceptual basis and norms of the Latin and Ukrainian scientific languages. As the most important aspect, we consider the development of a single concept of terminology, which uses the experience and positive achievements of scientists of different generations.Provision of linguistic normative terms should take place at all levels – both conceptual and actual language – phonetic, orthoepic, spelling, lexical-semantic, word-building, morphological, syntactical.
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Høy, Asta. "Morphological considerations concerning the nationalisation of medical terms." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 13, no. 25 (February 23, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v13i25.25582.
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The Danish medical terminology, part of which used to be in pure Latin and Greek, is characterized by an increasing degree of nationalisation, due mainly to the decreasing knowledge of the classical languages. At the same time, the terminology is influenced by English, this century’s medical lingua franca. The present situation calls for an overall language policy including both the status and the corpus of the language for medical purposes. Hopefully, the future Danish Medical Language Advisory Board, which has been in the melting pot for a couple of years, will be able to act as a decision-and consensus-maker concerning these questions. In this article, the types of mor-phemes involved in the construction of the so-called neo-classical compounds are considered. Indeed, it may be assumed that a clear view of the morphological charac-teristics of the Danified neo-classical terms, the hybrids, could be a help in connection with setting up some general guidelines for their construction and spelling which might eliminate the confusion now prevailing in the area.
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Khisamova, Venera, Liliia Abdullina, Leila Nurgalieva, and Elmira Khabibullina. "Classification of Homonymic Terms in Medical Terminology of English, Russian and Tatar Languages." Journal of Educational and Social Research 10, no. 6 (November 18, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2020-0107.
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This study is undertaken to identify the similarities and differences of classification of homonyms in medical terminology of English, Russian and Tatar languages. In this paper a comparative method was used to identify the common and special in the compared languages. The basis of comparison in the medical terminology of genetically unrelated languages was established. In this study, the method of feature comparison was used, i.e. the phenomenon of homonymy was studied in a comparative aspect. The results of this study contribute to ordering the terms, the selection of the correct, appropriate term when translating medical texts from one language into another. The languages under the consideration have intra-terminological, inter-terminological, inter-system homonymy. Besides, there are homonymic relations between eponyms in all languages. In the medical terminology of the English language, the following groups of homonyms are found: absolute, incomplete, partial (homophones, homographs) homonyms. Incomplete homonyms are divided into lexical and lexical and grammatical, and partial homonyms are divided into lexical, lexical and grammatical, grammatical (homonyms-converse terms). Homophones, in turn, are classified into homophones and near homophones. Homonyms are classified into homonyms of a high degree of homonymity, homonyms of a medium degree of homonymity, homonyms of a low degree of homonymity in Russian medical terminology. In medical terminology of the Tatar language absolute and incomplete homonyms are distinguished. Incomplete homonyms include homoforms that belong to different parts of speech and homographs. Homographs are rare phenomenon in the medical terminology of the Tatar language. Separately, as a special group, homonyms-converse terms are considered. There are three types of functional shift relations in the Tatar language: syntactic, lexical and semantic, the most common of which is syntactic relation. The phenomenon of homonymy affects the Greek-Latin terminological elements, which are international. Comparative analysis of three languages in the matter of homonyms in medical terminology has shown that English and Tatar languages have more similarities than English and Russian ones and Russian and Tatar ones. The English medical terminology is more replete with homonymous acronyms than Russian and Tatar ones.
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Palasiuk, H. B., and O. D. Kolodnytska. "ETYMOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPING FUTURE PHYSICIANS’ TERMINOLOGICAL COMPETENCE AS A PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM." Медична освіта, no. 2 (June 3, 2020): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.11603/me.2414-5998.2020.2.11159.
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Many medical terms have been replaced by descriptive names taken from everyday vocabulary, ancient mythology, etc. due to the lack of an appropriate term reflecting a body organ or a disease in ancient times.
Knowing the etymology of the medical terms contributes to their deeper and better understanding, memorizing and practical use by highly qualified future physicians. All of these issues prompted us to write the article.
Latin was the international language of medicine until the 18th century. Greek terms were created at the times of Hippocrates, Galen and their precursors. Aul Cornelius Celsus established the basis of Latin medical terminology as well as Latin terms were created in the Middle Ages. Most of the Greek terms were Latinized. Modern European languages vocabulary gradually penetrated into medical terminology only in the 19th century.
Much of the medical vocabulary consists of the names due to metaphorization phenomenon of common names, and the names of household items. Such names can be subdivided into three groups according to a theory of nomination. The first group includes lexemes according to the association in appearance, e.g., membrana arachnoidea (derives from Geek αραχνη (arachne, es f–a “spider”)) has English equivalent the “arachnoid membrane” of the brain. The second group covers terms due to functional similarity, e.g., incus, ūdis f denoting an “anvil” or “incus” (one of the auditory ossicles contained in the tympanic cavity) resembling the anvil used in blacksmithing. Both terms according to the association in appearance and functional similarity belong to the third group, e.g., pelvis, is f denotes a “basin” or “container” in colloquial language and it means a “pelvis” in anatomy, e.g, pelvis minor – the “lesser or true pelvis”, pelvis maior – the “greater pelvis”.
The prospects of further research are in the study of mythonyms and eponyms according to the great importance of developing future physicians’ terminological competence and clinical thinking.
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McVaugh, Michael. "Niccolò da Reggio's Translations of Galen and their Reception in France." Early Science and Medicine 11, no. 3 (2006): 275–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338206778144400.
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AbstractIn the first half of the fourteenth century, Niccolò da Reggio translated more than fifty works by Galen from Greek into Latin, and by mid-century most if not all of them had reached the papal court at Avignon, where Guy de Chauliac praised their accuracy and cited them regularly in his Great Surgery of 1363. Yet contemporary physicians at nearby Montpellier almost never referred to them, ordinarily preferring to quote from the older Arabic-Latin translations. Examining a particular context, the ways in which urological conditions were described in the old and new versions of Galen, suggests that medical teachers and commentators may have found it difficult to give up the familiarity of the traditional language in favor of Niccolò's new terminology.
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Hill-Madsen, Aage, and Morten Pilegaard. "Variable scope for popularization of specialized terminology." Fachsprache 41, no. 1-2 (April 15, 2019): 22–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24989/fs.v41i1-2.1623.
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This paper responds to the call often voiced in today's knowledge society for popularization of specialized knowledge within a field relevant to us all, viz. medicine. Specifically, the aim of the paper is to explore the popularization potential of specialized terminology within this field. Whereas many previous studies of popularization within different LSP fields have been preoccupied with the actual linguistic strategies employed in the mediation of specialized knowledge to non-expert audiences, the present study explores whether subcategories of terms associated with medicinal products exhibit different degrees of popularization potential, i.e. whether there are differences in the degree to which terminological subcategories in this field lend themselves to popularization.
Empirically, the investigation is based on a corpus of two derivationally related text types: The specialized pharmaceutical genre named Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) and the patient-oriented counterpart, the so-called Patient Information Leaflet (PIL), which contains user-relevant information, recontextualized from the SmPC, about the medicinal product in question. The PILs are legally required to be written in a lay-friendly register.
We identified four categories of specialized terms from the SmPCs that are recontextualized in the PILs: a) terms for medical disorders, b) biochemical and microbiological terms, c) terms for medicinal products or the active substances of these, and d) terms for so-called excipients (carrier substances in the drug).
Using the so-called ‘coupled-pairs’ methodology known from Translation Studies, whereby lexical items with a medico-pharmaceutical content in the PILs were traced back to their origin in a specialized SmPC term, we identified patterns of popularization strategies that differed markedly between the four categories of terms: Terms for medical disorders are either replaced with established core-vocabulary equivalents, or their constituent Greek/Latin morphemes or words are translated more or less directly into English. Biochemical/microbiological terms and terms for medicinal products/active substances, on the other hand, are not actually replaced by such reformulations, but are in virtually all cases retained in the PILs and accompanied by a definition. Excipients, it turned out, are in effect not popularized at all, but transferred directly from the SmPC without any kind of reformulation or explanation.
We argue that these different types of strategy, i.e. a) replacement by a core-vocabulary equivalent or translation, b) definition and c) direct transfer, represent a scale of popularization, with replacement strategies representing the top degree and direct transfer the lowest degree. Since the findings show a very clear correspondence between the different types/degrees of popularization and the terminological subcategories, we conclude that this overlap indicates clear differences in popularization potential: When a given category of terms is consistently popularized by means of one type of strategy rather than others, this must be taken as indicative of what the category in question allows.
We also venture explanations for the observed divergences in popularization potential. Thus, in the medical-disorder category of terms, etymology turned out to a key factor, since the Greek/Latin origin of most of these terms makes for easy translatability (in the ordinary, i.e. interlingual, sense of the word). This is because the original Greek/Latin constituent morphemes/words of these terms represent a wholly non-specialized vocabulary that is easily translated into core English lexis. In the biochemical/microbiological category and the medicinal-products/active-substances category, this etymologically based translatability is absent, and so the only other popularization strategy available appears to be definition. Definitions using terms understandable to the lay reader are, however, possible in these two categories, since the salient parts of the definitions turned out to consist in references to bodily functions or diseases for which lay terms exist, or for which the medical term is typically known to the average lay reader. The absence of explanatory definitions in the excipients category, on the other hand, is in all likelihood due, not to the impossibility of defining such terms (since any specialized term is definable), but to the impossibility of providing definitions based on concepts known to the lay reader. Excipient terms denote substances that are only definable by reference to their chemical composition and to their location within a specialized taxonomy of chemical substances and compounds – a taxonomy, in other words, which is bound to be beyond the chemical knowledge of most lay readers.
With medico-pharmaceutical terminology as a case in point, the implications of the paper’s findings are that popularization is not equally possible across terminological categories. Hence popularization may at best be able to only partially bridge the knowledge divide, or asymmetry, between experts and non-experts.
The investigation is here limited to a particular field of LSP terminology, i.e. medicine, and a particular language, i.e. English. Even so, theoretically, the paper may be seen as representing a first step towards creating a taxonomy of popularization strategies that may be further explored and refined in future studies encompassing other specialized domains and other languages than English.
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Karatintseva, Karina. "MECHANISMS OF ORTHODONTIC TERMS CREATION IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE." Germanic Philology Journal of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, no. 831-832 (2021): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/gph2021.831-832.69-77.
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The study of terminology and lexical fields of specialized lexis is an important issue in linguistics. Special attention should be devoted to the medical terminology, which branches into different areas, is heterogeneous in its composition and has specific properties and patterns. The article is devoted to the classification and structural analysis of orthodontic English terminological units. The objective of the article is to study the main word-forming mechanisms of orthodontic terms in English, their classification, characteristics, and comparison. The research is based on methods of analysis, synthesis and comparison of terminological units of English orthodontic text (scientific articles, monographs and textbooks). Using structural analysis, English orthodontic terms were classified according to the methods of their creation. The field of terminology "Orthodontics" is classified and divided into 4 categories: "Anatomy of the Oral Cavity", "Symptoms and Diseases", "Professional Orthodontic Activity" and "Treatments". It is determined that the most common word-forming means are morphological and terminological phrases, which are characteristic to most categories. A lot of the lexical units of the category "Anatomy of the Oral Cavity" are borrowed from Latin and Greek or contain word-forming affixes. The category "Symptoms and Diseases" contains a lot of phrases. A special feature of "Professional Orthodontic Activity" is the graphic units of the written orthodontic text, which are formed by abbreviations and combined abbreviations. "Treatments" are characterized by abbreviations and combined abbreviations.
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Khan, Intakhab Alam. "Difficulties in Mastering and Using English for Specific Purpose (Medical Vocabulary): A Linguistic Analysis of Working Saudi Hospital Professionals." International Journal of Education 8, no. 1 (March 9, 2016): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ije.v8i1.9163.
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<p>The prime aim and objective of this study was to explore and analyse the difficulties faced by the hospital professionals in knowing and using medical vocabulary (terms) in day to day professional life. It is generally known that English for Specific Purpose (ESP) is different from other general vocabulary courses in many ways. In order to carry out the study, subjects comprised 76 trainees who attended a professional development/training course on the medical terminology. The location of the training course was Jeddah (KSA) which was attended by four types of hospital professionals and trainees. Apart from the personal experience in the past and the current 30 hour-training, a self developed questionnaire was also used to elicit required data. The results of the survey indicated that most of the trainees faced difficulties due to: difficulties in English, Greek and Latin borrowing, difficult word-structure and lack of opportunities to practice. Based on the findings, it could be suggested that the learners should apply some strategies to pursue self-learning via web resource and peer learning.</p>
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Shcherbakova, María. "Концептологический подход к компаративному анализу терминологии сердечно-сосудистой системы человека и его практическая важность в контексте переводческих методик/Conceptual Approach Used in the Development of a Glossary of Medical Terms Russian-Spanish." FITISPos International Journal 2 (April 24, 2015): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/fitispos-ij.2015.2.0.38.
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В течение последних нескольких десятилетий проблемы терминологии привлекли внимание многих исследователей и ученых, что может объясняться растущей важностью науки в жизни людей. Развитие медицинской терминологии началось много веков назад и продолжается по сей день. Основная цель этой работы заключается в рассмотрении терминологического глоссария сердечно-сосудистой системы, созданного на основе Nomina Anatomical 2001 года, а также в комплексном анализе перевода специализированной терминологии. Наряду с разработкой испано-русского двуязычного глоссария, мы также обратили внимание на анализ собранных данных и комментарии, которые могут предотвратить ошибки и путаницу среди переводчиков и получателей переведенной информации. Для достижения целей мы прибегли к методу анализа параллельных текстов на выбранную тему в испанском и русском языках, а также к методу визуализации, что позволило нам перевести термины из списка и гарантировать высокий уровень точности, объективности, корректности, эквивалентности и адекватности. Основной гипотезой данной статьи является то, что, несмотря на греческое и латинское происхождение большинства выбранных терминов на испанском и значительной их части в русском языке, дословный перевод представляет собой наиболее серьезную и наиболее распространенную ошибку, которую совершают переводчики медицинских текстов, что объясняется особенностями развития медицинских систем в русском и испанском языках, где каждая отрасль терминологии сосредоточилась на своих собственных эволюционных принципах.Resumen: En las últimas décadas, los problemas de la terminología han llamado la atención de muchos investigadores y científicos, lo cual se explica por la creciente importancia que adquiere la ciencia en la vida de las personas. La terminología médica empezó su formación hace siglos y sigue desarrollándose hasta el momento. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es dar cuenta de la creación de un glosario de la terminología del sistema cardiovascular basada en la Nómina Anatómica del año 2001 y un análisis exhaustivo de la traducción de términos realizada. Además de la elaboración de un glosario bilingüe español-ruso también nos hemos centrado en el análisis de datos recogidos y comentarios que pueden prevenir errores y confusiones para los traductores y otros destinatarios. Para conseguir los objetivos propuestos hemos optado principalmente por el método de análisis de textos paralelos acerca del tema elegido en español y en ruso, así como el de la metodología de visualización, lo que nos ha permitido traducir los términos de la lista representada garantizando el máximo nivel de fidelidad, objetividad, precisión, equivalencia y adecuación. La hipótesis principal del presente artículo consiste en que, a pesar del origen griego y latín de la mayoría de los términos seleccionados en castellano y una gran parte de los términos en ruso, la traducción literal de éstos representa el error más grave y más frecuente de los traductores de los textos médicos ya que debido a las peculiaridades del desarrollo de los sistemas de lenguajes médicos en español y en ruso, la terminología de cada idioma ha seguido sus propias pautas de evolución.Abstract: During the last few decades the problems of terminology have caught the attention of many researchers and scientists which can be explained by the growing importance of science in the lives of people. Medical terminology formation began centuries ago and keeps developing nowadays. The main objective of this paper is to discuss the terminological glossary of the cardiovascular system created based on the Nomina Anatomical 2001 as well as the comprehensive analysis of specialized terminology translation. Apart from the development of the Spanish-Russian bilingual glossary, I have also focused on the analysis of data collected and comments that can prevent errors and confusion among translators and recipients of the translated information. To achieve the objectives the method of analysis of parallel texts on the subject chosen has been used in Spanish and in Russian, as well as that of visualization, which allowed us to translate the terms from the list and guarantee the highest level of fidelity, objectivity, accuracy, equivalence and adequacy. The main hypothesis of this article is that, despite the Greek and Latin origin of most of the terms selected in Spanish and a large part of the terms in Russian, their literal translation represents the most serious and most common mistake that translators in healthcare setting make due to the peculiarities of the development of medical systems in Spanish and Russian languages, where each language terminology has followed its own guidelines of evolution.
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Olajuyin, O. A., T. G. Olajide, T. A. Akanbi, and R. O. Ikotun. "The dearth of standard anatomical terminologies in Yorùbá language: Butchers’ terminologies to the rescue?" Anatomy Journal of Africa 9, no. 2 (August 21, 2020): 1765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/aja.v9i2.198922.
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The need to replace foreign-language medical terms with indigenous terms has prompted researchers to search for indigenous equivalents of the foreign medical terms. This study which focused on the dearth of standard anatomical terminologies in Yorùbá language was an attempt to examine the adoptability of butchers’ terminologies as descriptive anatomical terms for human abdomino-thoracic organs. Practising butchers in the South West Nigeria were interviewed on their terminologies for cow’s abdomino-thoracic organs and the basis for each terminology. The butchers’ terminologies, in Yorùbá language were critically appraised for adoptability as anatomical terms for human abdomino-thoracic organs. The study observed that cow’s abdomino-thoracic organs were grossly similar to those of humans. Majority (65%) of the cow’s abdomino-thoracic organs are named by the butchers’ in traditional Yorùbá terminologies. The butchers’ terminologies were etymologically derived based on pre-existing concepts similar to the modern terminologies derived from the ancient Greek and Latin words. About 25% of the butchers’ terminologies were the same with some human anatomical terminologies which were in use by the health care professionals. The terminologies concur with the cultural attitudes of the Yorùbá with reference to the private parts of the human body and majority (80%) of the butchers’ terminologies is simple and familiar to the people. Given these characteristic features, we concluded that the butchers’ terminologies are strongly adoptable as descriptive anatomical terms for human abdomino-thoracic organs and may resolve the dearth of standard anatomical terminologies in Yorùbá language. The findings may form a baseline for future studies on the translation of anatomical terminologies to Yorùbá language.
Key words: Anatomical terms; Butchers terms; Abdomino-thoracic organs; Yorùbá language.
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Sievers, Joseph. "Josephus’ rendering of Latin terminology in Greek." Journal of Jewish Studies 64, no. 1 (April 1, 2013): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18647/3113/jjs-2013.
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Varynska, А. M., N. D. Orlova, and N. M. Kornaodudova. "Latin and greek languages in terminology mathematics: functional aspect." Science and Education a New Dimension VIII(226), no. 68 (April 25, 2020): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31174/send-ph2020-226viii68-14.
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VARINSKA, Alla, Natalia ORLOVA, and Natalia KORNODUDOVA. "LATIN AND GREEK LANGUAGES IN TERMINOLOGY MATHEMATICS: LEXICO-SEMANTIC PROCESSES." Cherkasy University Bulletin: Pedagogical Sciences, no. 1 (2020): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31651/2524-2660-2020-1-75-78.
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Perdikaris, Costas, Dimitra Mylona, Yoichi Machino, and Emmanuil Koutrakis. "Crayfish Terminology in Ancient Greek, Latin, and Other European Languages." Crustaceana 82, no. 12 (2009): 1535–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/001121609x12475745628586.
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Athanasiadis, Loukas. "Greek mythology and medical and psychiatric terminology." Psychiatric Bulletin 21, no. 12 (December 1997): 781–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.21.12.781.
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A great number of terms in modern psychiatry, medicine and related disciplines originate from the Greek, including pathology, schizophrenia, ophthalmology, gynaecology, anatomy, pharmacology, biology, hepatology, homeopathy, allopathy and many others. There are also many terms that originate from figures from ancient Greek mythology (or the Greek words related to those figures) and I think that it might be interesting to take a look at some of them.
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Manuwald, Gesine. "MEDEA: TRANSFORMATIONS OF A GREEK FIGURE IN LATIN LITERATURE." Greece and Rome 60, no. 1 (March 12, 2013): 114–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383512000290.
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Latin writers in the ancient world are well known to have been familiar with earlier Greek writings, as well as with the first commentaries on those, and to have taken over literary genres as well as topics and motifs from Greece for their own works. But, as has been recognized in modern scholarship, this engagement with Greek material does not mean that Roman writers typically produced Latin copies of pieces by their Greek predecessors. In the terms of contemporary literary terminology, the connection between Latin and Greek literature is rather to be described as an intertextual relationship, which became increasingly complex, since later Latin authors were also influenced by their Roman predecessors.
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CORCORAN, SIMON. "ROMAN LAW AND THE TWO LANGUAGES IN JUSTINIAN'S EMPIRE." Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies 60, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 96–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/2041-5370.12049.
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Abstract This paper, reflecting Fergus Millar's work on linguistic and cultural diversity in the Roman empire, surveys the evolving relationship of Latin and Greek as languages for Roman law. Normative texts remained predominantly Latin until the completion of Justinian's codification (534), even though that was a genuinely bilingual product. However, following the already existing pattern in the Greek east, a vast corpus of Greek materials was then quickly created to teach the codification in the official law schools. Designed to aid engagement with the source-texts, these ended up superseding them. Roman legal Greek, a mixture of Latin terminology plus standardized Greek vocabulary, became stabilized. After 534, new legislation was most often in Greek, necessitating parallel Latin materials to help Latin-speaking students, although sixth-century collections of Novels (‘new laws’) were still bilingual. In practice, however, in most of Justinian's empire, a lawyer (such as Dioscorus of Aphrodito) could function with limited Latin. Soon Roman law would bifurcate into two monolingual traditions, Greek in the east, Latin in the west.
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Kuts, M. O., O. Yu Herasymenko, and L. A. Dmytruk. "GREEK-LATIN PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES IN ENGLISH TERMINOLOGY OF SCIENTIFIC STYLE." Науковий вісник ДДПУ імені Івана Франка. Серія: Філологічні науки (мовознавство), no. 15 (2021): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.24919/2663-6042.15.2021.15.
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Khakimova, G. "BORROWING AS ONE OF THE SOURCES OF REPLENISHMENT OF THE GERMAN VETERINARY TERMINOLOGY." National Association of Scientists 3, no. 66 (May 14, 2021): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/nas.2413-5291.2021.3.66.414.
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The article considers borrowing as one of the ways of term formation in the German veterinary term system. Borrowed words of Greek-Latin origin enter into synonymous relations with the proper German terms, acting as absolute synonyms. The analysis of the actual material allows us to conclude that the replenishment of veterinary terminology in the German language occurs through the introduction of Latin and Greek terms or term elements into the German veterinary term system, the formation of proper German, as well as hybrid terms.
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Colton, Robert E., and James A. McCulloch. "A Medical Greek and Latin Workbook." Classical World 78, no. 6 (1985): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4349785.
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Bakhouche, Béatrice. "Les expressions de l’essence dans la traduction et le commentaire du Timée par Calcidius (IVe siècle)." Chôra 18 (2020): 103–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/chora2020/202118/196.
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Expressing ‘essence’ in the translation and commentary of Timaeus by Calcidius (4th c. p.D.) depends on Platonist terminology which is not completely stabilised. We will see how, in his translation, Calcidius translated Greek words as οὐσία or φύσις, but also how he used the word substantia whereas there was no expression of essence in the Greek text. The Latin commentator used both essentia and substantia, but the latter quite often. However, in doing so, he weakened the meaning of the word substantia. Lastly, Calcidius translated into Latin and used Greek no‑Platonist expressions with a very specific signification of ‘essence’.
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Lejavitzer Lapoujade, Amalia. "Terminología culinaria en De re coquinaria: lengua técnica y coincidencias con el latín vulgar." Nova Tellus 38, no. 2 (August 1, 2020): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.19130/iifl.nt.2020.38.2.0004.
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This article examines the use of culinary terminology in the recipe book De re coquinaria, by tradition attributed to Apicius. From the analysis of the specialized terms, its use and its technical significance are studied, focussed on two conceptual axes: description of practical procedures (verbs) and naming of material results (nouns). Also it shows the resources for the creation of technical language (as loan translations of Greek and diminutive derivatives) as well as its coincidences with Vulgar Latin. It is concluded that the culinary language in the De re coquinaria and the Vulgar Latin have strong morphological coincidences, but with different expressive values and linguistic uses, which highlights the polysemic character of Latin culinary terminology.
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Langslow, David. "The development of Latin medical terminology: some working hypotheses." Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society 37 (1992): 106–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068673500001553.
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While the Latin technical writers have been, and continue to be, studied by historians of the relevant discipline, scant attention has been devoted by linguists to their technical language. If they have interested philologists and linguists at all, then until recently it was as writers of popular, or ‘vulgar’, Latin, rather than of ‘technical’ Latin. This neglect of Latin technical languages as varieties in their own right reflects a wider reluctance to take technical languages into account in other areas of linguistics. There is a substantial literature devoted to technical languages in isolation, especially to the practical problems of communication in technical contexts, of teaching, translating and standardising technical languages, but coherent treatment of technical words and technical languages in the context of the lexicon or the language as a whole is almost entirely lacking in the standard works on word-formation and semantics.
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Malygina, Galina Evgen'evna, and Svetlana Rudol'fovna Savenkova. "PHONETIC VARIABILITY OF PREFIXES IN THE LATIN MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY." Philological Sciences. Issues of Theory and Practice, no. 7 (July 2019): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/filnauki.2019.7.49.
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Kartbayeva, D., and M. Zhambylkyzy. "VATION AND FORMATION FEATURES OF PHARMACOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY IN RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 72, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-2.1728-7804.24.
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This article is devoted to the Derivation and formation features of pharmacological terminology. Pharmacological terminology is one of the specific strata of vocabulary that occupies a special place in the language system, which is explained by its structural-semantic, word-formation and stylistic features. In recent decades, there has been an acceleration in the process of internationalization of pharmacological terminology. The source of internationalization in the terminological system of medicine is the morphemes of classical languages such as Latin and Greek; previously borrowed general literary words and then terminologically rethought and borrowing finished terminological units. For the vast majority of European languages, this source is mainly English pharmacological terminology and contain approximately more than 10 000 terms.
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Tadauskienė, Elvyra Vida. "Pecularities of Economic and Information Terminology." Coactivity: Philology, Educology 15, no. 4 (April 15, 2011): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/coactivity.2007.42.
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The article investigates the pecularities of economic and information terminology and concludes their original source. As economic terms turn out to have appeared earlier than those of information, so the beginning of the emergence of them was influenced by the Greek and Latin languages. During the Soviet period economic terms were under the influence of the Russian language. A lot of information terms originated from the English language so the dominance of this language is still greatly felt. The common language can be considered to be the original source of some of the mentioned terminology when expanding the meaning of adequate terms. Translation of some of the terms creates problems related to the synonymous meaning of the terms or certain variations of the vocabulary meanings.
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Misson, Andrej. "O glasbeni terminologiji pri pouku glasbene teorije in kompozicije / Some Thoughts on Musical Terminology at Musical Theory, Composition and Counterpoint Teaching." Glasbenopedagoški zbornik Akademije za glasbo ◆ The Journal of Music Education of the Academy of Music in Ljubljana 16, no. 33 (January 10, 2021): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.26493/2712-3987.16(33)91-108.
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Traditionally, music can be divided into musical theory, composition and musical performance. For an in-depth understanding, appropriate terminology is required, also in the Slovene language. Like all European nations, Slovenes based their musical terminology mainly and directly on the Greek and Latin languages, or otherwise indirectly, primarily through the German and Italian languages. The development of a relatively young Slovenian terminology is closely linked to music education. In his paper, the author briefly mentions some facts about musical terminology in general and some facts about Slovenian musical terminology. Today, it is quite comparable to foreign ones, but we face a number of translation and terminological challenges. Some of these challenges, found in the instruction of composition, musical theory and counterpoint, are also presented in the article. The success of musical theory and terminology is, after all, featured in musical practice.
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Vorona, І. І., and O. D. Kolodnytska. "LATIN AS A COMPONENT OF FUTURE NURSERS’ PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION." Медична освіта, no. 2 (June 3, 2020): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.11603/me.2414-5998.2020.2.11166.
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The article points out the specifics of future nurses’ terminological competence development by using Latin medical terms. Mastering Latin medical terminology is obligatory for intercultural communication particularly in the nurses’ professional activity. The course “Latin and the Basis of Medical Terminology” contributes to the future nurses’ development of linguistic and terminological culture during professional training.
Modern requirements include mastering the professional language (terminology) for specialists in different fields of knowledge.
Understanding between colleagues and the qualified treatment often depend on the ability to formulate correctly special information orally or in written form, and the ability to be able to communicate professionally with co-workers more fluently and more confidently. Knowledge of professional terminology helps to gain a deeper understanding of specialized literature and to develop professional erudition. Nowadays, it is necessary to use methods allowing to optimize the educational process due to the most effective use of allotted time for the nurses’ terminological competence development.
The nurses’ terminological competence is developed during the study of the course “Latin and the Basis of Medical Terminology”. It will help nurses master Professionally Oriented Study Programmes: Anatomy, Histology, Therapy, Clinical Courses, Chemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy, etc.
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Formarier, Marie. "Ῥυθμός rhythmos et numerus chez Cicéron et Quintilien. Perspectives esthétiques et génériques sur le rythme oratoire latin." Rhetorica 31, no. 2 (2013): 133–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.2013.31.2.133.
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The strong connection between rhythm and number is one of the most significant features of Aristotle's theory of rhythm. It equally underlies Cicero's rhetoric; and hence he translated the Greek notion of ῥυθμός into numerus. However, this terminology gives cause for concern; since numerus, like ῥυθμός may be relevant not only to rhythm in oratory, but also to musical rhythm. This is why Cicero was suspected by some Atticists of confounding music and discourse, although in fact the distinction between song and speech is prominent in his treatises. Quintilian addressed this problem and proposed a new terminology: for him, numerus referred only to rhythm in oratory, whereas rhythmos evoked the idea of musical rhythm.
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Papanikolaou, Dimitrios. "Notes on a Gladiatorial Inscription from Plotinopolis." Tekmeria 14 (May 13, 2019): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/tekmeria.20419.
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The paper is concerned with a new gladiatorial tombstone from Plotinopolis. The paper raises serious doubts on the text of the inscription offered by itsinitial editor (Tsoka 2015); it also pinpoints towards Sharankov’s proposal(Année Épigraphique 2014 [2017] no. 1165, 493) as the only viable solution forthe text of the inscription, citing also unnoticed parallel passages from ancientGreek inscriptions and texts as evidence substantiating the new reading of the stone (see nn. 7-9). The paper expresses also disagreement over Tsoka’s assertion that thewords λοῦδοι and Μάτερνος of the inscription are mere transcriptions into Greek letters of the Latin words ludi, Maternus – and that the name Μάτερνοςimplies Romanisation. It is argued that the Latin-derived name of a gladiator ghting in the Eastern (Greek-speaking) side of the Roman Empire is not a safe marker of Romanisation. This is demonstrated by the epigraphical evidenceattesting to the habit of Greek-speaking gladiators to adopt professionalpseudonyms, many of them (25% of all recorded cases) Latin-derived ones; thepaper argues that the name Μάτερνος is simply a Latin-derived gladiatorialpseudonym. Plutarch’s testimony further substantiates that gladiators could be ethnic Greeks or culture-Greeks (see n. 20). As far as the word λοῦδοι is concerned, the poetic declination of the word in the stone attests to the laststages in the adaptation of a Latin-derived word into a fundamentally Greek linguistic environment. The paper argues that the Latin-derived vocabulary ofthe stone (Μάτερνος, λοῦδοι) should be viewed as a further piece of evidenceattesting to the recognition on the part of the Greek-speakers of the time, that gladiation was a fundamentally Roman cultural institution, a cultural import whose onomastics and terminology could rather remain untranslated.
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Popovych, Yaroslava. "Historical and Linguocultural Analysis of Pathopsychological Terms with -Mania and -Phobia Term Elements." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series “Psychology”, no. 2 (12) (2020): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/bsp.2020.2(12).14.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the analysis of the origin of psychological clinical terminology and the impact on its development of historical, mythological and cultural realities/characters of Ancient Greece and Rome. Concerning that clinical terminology’s development took much time it has obviously made it harder to understand than those terms, that were recently composed. The application and understanding of «phobia» and «mania» in ancient authors’ original texts were analyzed to clarify whether the meaning and usage changed throughout the years. Among those text were works of the physicians Hippocrates and Areteus of Cappadocia, historian Pausanias and even philosophers Plato, Seneca, to see if the attitude to each term of those authors has changed in modern pathopsychic terminology. All the results of this study are summarized and represented in 10 categories, depending on the meaning of their attributive components, the origin of the term is analyzed and the corresponding linguistic and cultural commentary is given to it. Comments are related to mythological reality, which can make meaning of the term not clear to those, who are not aware of that specific myth and the historical and cultural features of Ancient Greece and Rome, which influenced the formation of each individual term. In addition, this article contains rare terms, that have -mania and -phobia component, and a similar first element. However, the language sources (Ancient Greek/ Latin) are different, that certify the development of this group of terms, for Latin is used in clinical terminology more rarely, than Greek.
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Kobyrynka, Halyna. "The problem of accentologic terminology." Terminological Bulletin, no. 5 (2019): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37919/2221-8807-2019-5-11.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the study is to analyze the stages of putting into the scientific circulation and the functioning of accentological terminology in the Ukrainian linguistic area. The sources of the study are the ancient Ukrainian grammars and theoretical works about accent. The article focuses on how researchers perceived and understood such a complex phenomenon as an accent since the XVI century, because the development of the terminology base also depends on this; on which terms the phenomena of the words accentuation in the ancient Ukrainian grammars are marked and their further functioning in the Ukrainian linguistic area is analyzed. This period of time is chosen, because the accent in the ancient Ukrainian written monuments is used from the XVI century. It is noted that in each period of linguistics development the accentology was interpreted differently by researchers: as a separate part of grammar; as a separate part of linguistics; as a part of phonetics; as a supersegment unit; as a component of morphology. In grammar works of middle XX – beginning XXI centuries verbal accent is analyzed in phonetic and morphological aspects; attention is paid to the interdependence of accent and phonetic processes with morphological peculiarities of word changing. As the above-mentioned material shows, the researchers of the Ukrainian system considered the accent as an important phenomenon in the language structure. In addition to the time-quantitative characteristics and expiration that influence the quality of the vowels and consonants in the stressed and unstressed words, the researchers drew attention to the movement of the verbal accent, freedom, non-attachment to the syllable and morphemes. Also they stressed on the importance of accent in those languages where it is movable, since the same word, but differently emphasized, can acquire completely different meanings. It is also noted that the accent was not analyzed in all grammar works. It is identified that the theory about accent researchers called in different ways: Prosody, Prypalo, Stress, Prypetie, Accent, Accentology. The origin, the functioning of these terms and the putting of new terms (in particular, prosodeme, accent, accentuation, etc.) into the scientific space, the outlining of accent issues are studied. The analyzed material shows that accentological terminology was based on the Greek-Latin basis: the authors of the ancient grammars of the end XVI−XVII centuries used the terms of classical languages grammars, that “were perceived as an example of development and orderliness”. The originality of this or that scientist, according to V.V. Nimchuk, was manifested primarily in the way how he was able to research or describe the Slavic system in terms of his epoch. Historical circumstances have developed so that from the nineteenth century the Ukrainian linguists emerged from the Greek-Latin theory frame, revealed the peculiarities of the Ukrainian system in general and the accentual in particular, which also motivated the development of theoretical, terminological basis. In modern linguistic works researchers use nattive Ukrainian and borrowed terms: emphasis − accent, accentuation; to accent − to emphasize; accentuation − emphasis; stressed − accentual; accentuated − accented.