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Journal articles on the topic 'Greek army'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2025

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1

Trygub, O. P., and O. V. Osypenko. "South Ukraine Greek community under revolutionary upheavals and armed conflicts (1917–1920)." Rusin, no. 63 (2021): 156–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18572685/63/8.

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The revolutionary changes of 1917 contributed to the intensification of the political, national, and cultural life of the Greek community of the entire Black Sea and Azov Sea coasts, where the national states emerged on the shards of the former Russian Empire. In contrast to the Azov Sea region, where the Greeks had an active social and political life and by the end of 1917 had formed the Mariupol Union of the Hellenic People, the Greeks of the Northern Black Sea region were quite apolitical and inactive. Their attitude to the Ukrainian and Soviet powers was rather ambiguous, and during 1917 t

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Dr., Marios Kyriakidis. ""Forging the Nation: Class, Region, and Identity in the Greek Army (1821–1949)"." ISRG Journal of Arts Humanities & Social Sciences (ISRGJAHSS) III, no. I (2025): 168–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14697085.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>This study examines the social composition of the Greek Army from the War of Independence (1821–1829) to the conclusion of the Greek Civil War (1946–1949), exploring how class, regionalism, and ethnic diversity shaped its structure and function. While the Greek Army played a pivotal role in nation-building, its internal dynamics have often been overshadowed by political and military narratives. By analyzing recruitment patterns, training practices, and the experiences of soldiers, this research uncovers the army’s role as a microcosm of Greek soc

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Dr., Marios Kyriakidis. ""Power and Politics: The Greek Army in the Modern History of Greece (1821–1949)"." ISRG Journal of Arts Humanities & Social Sciences (ISRGJAHSS) III, no. I (2025): 210–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14710101.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>This study examines the Greek Army’s role in shaping domestic politics during the modern history of Greece (1821–1949), highlighting its dual function as both a stabilizing force and an agent of political intervention. Through an analysis of key historical episodes, including the Goudi Coup (1909), the National Schism (1915–1922), and the interwar coups, the research explores how the army influenced governance, national unity, and state-building. The Greek Army’s relationship with the monarchy is also scrutinized, from its role in consolida

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Shubin, Vladimir Il'ich. "Greek mercenaries in Sais Egypt." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 4 (April 2020): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2020.4.32577.

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This article is dedicated to examination of the history of emergence of Greek mercenaries during the riling time of XXVI Sais Dynasty. The author reviews the status and role of Greek mercenaries in the armed forced of Sais rulers, organization of their service and living conditions. Considering the fact that the use of Greek mercenaries in Egypt army was a part of the traditional policy of Sais rulers and carried mass character, the author refers to the problem&nbsp; of social origin of the phenomenon of mercenarism in the Greek society of Archaic era. The research applies comparative-hist

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Dr., Marios Kyriakidis. ""Forging National Identity: Cultural Representations of the Greek Army in Modern History (1821–1949)"." ISRG Journal of Arts Humanities & Social Sciences (ISRGJAHSS) III, no. I (2025): 333–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14793516.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>This manuscript examines the cultural representations of the Greek Army and its role in shaping national identity during the critical period of modern Greek history, from the War of Independence in 1821 to the aftermath of the Greek Civil War in 1949. By analyzing a diverse range of primary sources, including literature, newspapers, propaganda posters, films, military uniforms, and public rituals, this study explores how the army functioned not only as a military institution but also as a powerful symbol of unity, authority, and nationalism. The research is struct

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Dr., Marios Kyriakidis. ""Forging National Identity: Cultural Representations of the Greek Army in Modern History (1821–1949)"." ISRG Journal of Arts Humanities & Social Sciences (ISRGJAHSS) III, no. I (2025): 333–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14799315.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>This manuscript examines the cultural representations of the Greek Army and its role in shaping national identity during the critical period of modern Greek history, from the War of Independence in 1821 to the aftermath of the Greek Civil War in 1949. By analyzing a diverse range of primary sources, including literature, newspapers, propaganda posters, films, military uniforms, and public rituals, this study explores how the army functioned not only as a military institution but also as a powerful symbol of unity, authority, and nationalism. The research is struct

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Christos Papaioannou. "Skra Victory (1918): Greece's Military, Political, and Social Gain." British Journal of Philosophy, Sociology and History 4, no. 1 (2024): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/pjpsh.2024.4.1.3.

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This article examines the successful Greek army operation at Skra in May 1918. This battle was the first significant deployment of Greek troops during World War I. For the Greek army, this operation was of utmost importance, as it would demonstrate both its combat capability and its willingness to fight alongside the Entente. Through the utilization of primary and secondary sources, the article analyzes the preparation of the Greek divisions and the execution of the attack. However, the research is not limited to a purely military analysis. The victorious outcome of the battle had multiple ram

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Jolowicz, Daniel. "THE ROMAN ARMY AND GREEK MILITARISM IN CHARITON'SCHAEREAS AND CALLIRHOE." Cambridge Classical Journal 64 (August 2, 2018): 113–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1750270518000076.

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This paper seeks to highlight and assess the presence of allusions to Roman military apparatus in Chariton'sChaereas and Callirhoe. In the introduction, I contextualise the argument within the history of scholarship on the novel, and discuss issues relating to the author's date, Aphrodisian provenance and readership. I then divide the argument into three parts. At the end of the novel, Chaereas returns to Syracuse and publicly displays the spoils won from the east in a manner that, I argue, is highly suggestive of the Roman triumph (Parti). He then extends a grant of citizenship to the Greek e

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Anagnostopoulou, Margaret Poulos. "From Heroines to Hyenas: Women Partisans during the Greek Civil War." Contemporary European History 10, no. 3 (2001): 481–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777301003083.

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The participation of women in armed combat was arguably the most striking feature of the Greek Civil War (1946–9). The advent of civil conflict marked a shift in the gendered division of military labour, as the female ‘novelty’ soldier of the earlier Resistance period (1941–4) gave way to the fully integrated female combatant. This article seeks to examine the circumstances which lead to such high levels of female representation within the ranks of the partisan army (the Greek Democratic Army), but also to explore the symbolic functions of this volatile imagery in the context of intense strugg

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Travlos, Konstantinos. "The Transition: Change and Continuity in the Greek war effort November-December 1920." Türk Savaş Çalışmaları Dergisi 6, no. 1 (2025): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.52792/tws.1682708.

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In this manuscript I present the changes that happened at the regimental, divisional, corps, army, and staff levels in the Greek Army Headquarters and the Field Army of Asia Minor after the November 1920 elections. I present information that explains the decision to appoint Anastasios Papulas as Commander of the Field Army, and Palles and Sarrigiannis as his staff officers, and explains why the change here was drastic and with far-reaching consequences. I also argue based on the information that we have, that at the regimental and divisional level, the changes are not as important as many argu

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Dr., Marios Kyriakidis. ""Sovereignty and Geopolitical Strategy in the Modern History of Greece: The Role of the Greek Army, Military Diplomacy, and Pedagogy through the Montreux Convention (1936) and Paris Peace Treaties (1947)"." ISRG Journal of Arts Humanities & Social Sciences (ISRGJAHSS) III, no. I (2025): 69–80. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14615150.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>This study examines the pivotal role of the Greek army, military diplomacy, and pedagogy in shaping Greece's sovereignty and geopolitical strategy through the lens of three key international treaties: the Montreux Convention (1936), and the Paris Peace Treaties (1947). Positioned at a critical geopolitical crossroads, Greece leveraged its military and diplomatic capabilities to navigate complex international landscapes during the interwar period, World War II, and the Cold War. The Montreux Convention redefined maritime control, with Greece asserting strategic int

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Varnava, Andrekos. "Greek Cypriot "Volunteers" in the Greek Army, 1914–1922: Querying Loyalties and Identity." Journal of Modern Greek Studies 38, no. 2 (2020): 473–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2020.0029.

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Dr., Marios Kyriakidis. ""The Greek Army in Modern History: International Involvement and Diplomatic Alliances"." ISRG Journal of Arts Humanities & Social Sciences (ISRGJAHSS) III, no. I (2025): 347–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14799400.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>This manuscript examines the Greek Army’s multifaceted role in modern history, focusing on its international involvement and the interplay between military actions and diplomacy. From the mid-19th century to the Cold War era, Greece’s military contributions extended beyond national defense, influencing and being influenced by global political dynamics. The study explores three interconnected themes: the Greek Army’s relationships with Allied powers during major conflicts, its participation in international wars and peacekeeping missions, and the

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KÖYLÜ, Murat. "The Causes of Failure Greek Minority Army in the Battle of Sakarya." Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences 22, no. 2 (2023): 526–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21547/jss.826446.

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Ankara Operation launched by the Greek Army with the support of the Entente Stateshad ended with a great defeat in the Sakarya regions without achieving its goal for signing of the Sevres Treaty by the Ankara Government and break the violent resistance against the invasions. With the defeat, the course of the Greek Asia Minor Army's Anatolian adventure had changed, Greek commanders, who had been thinking about the attack until that day, started defensive operations after the Battle of Sakarya. The reasons for the failure had explained in detail by the military experts of the period in their po

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Michas, George, Asterios Kampouras, Miltiadis Kokolios, Ioannis-Alexandros Drosatos, and Renata Micha. "PREVALENCE OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY AMONG GREEK ARMY RECRUITS." European Journal of Internal Medicine 22 (October 2011): S61—S62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0953-6205(11)60253-7.

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Aksamitowski, Andrzej. "The Greek army at Troy and its logistics . Based on the “Catalog of ships” called “Boeotia” from the second book of Homer’s Iliad." Reality of Politics 24, no. 2 (2023): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/rop2023201.

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The author showed a fragment of the Iliad referred to as the Catalogue of Ships, also called Beotia (Bojotia). The name of this part comes from the Beots, whose troops, arriving at Troy, were listed in the Catalogue as the first. The list contains in-formations about the Greek armed forces, rulers and chiefs of the Greek peoples who took part in the naval expedition and the war against the Trojans. It also determines the number of ships brought by the Greeks to Troy. Eager to go to war, they put themselves in Beocia near the city of Aulis where, on the Strait of Eurypus, a large port was locat

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Dr., Marios Kyriakidis. "" Fugitives of War: Desertion, Defection, and Military Disobedience in the Greek Army (1821–1949)"." ISRG Journal of Arts Humanities & Social Sciences (ISRGJAHSS) III, no. I (2025): 449–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14856360.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>Military history often glorifies heroism, discipline, and loyalty, leaving the stories of desertion, defection, and military disobedience largely unexamined. This study, "Fugitives of War: Desertion, Defection, and Military Disobedience in the Greek Army (1821–1949)," explores the phenomenon of military desertion across pivotal moments in modern Greek history. From the Greek War of Independence (1821–1829) to the Greek Civil War (1946–1949), this research examines the motives, consequences, and historical silence surrounding Greek soldiers who ab

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Peçe, Uğur Z. "The Conscription of Greek Ottomans into the Sultan's Army, 1908–1912." International Journal of Middle East Studies 52, no. 3 (2020): 433–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743820000392.

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AbstractWith the reinstatement of the parliament in 1908, the Ottoman state faced new challenges connected to citizenship. As a policy to finally make citizens equal in rights as well as duties, military conscription figured prominently in this new context. For the first time in Ottoman history, the empire's non-Muslims began to be drafted en masse. This article explores meanings of imperial citizenship and equality through the lens of debates over the conscription of Greek Ottomans, the largest non-Muslim population of the Ottoman Empire. In contrast to the widespread suggestion of the Turkis

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Wilson, Colette. "Édmond-Édouard Boissonnas and Édouard Chapuisat’s Smyrne (1919)." Journal of Romance Studies 24, no. 4 (2024): 421–55. https://doi.org/10.3828/jrs.2024.21.

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This article revisits the Mediterranean port city of Smyrna (today’s Izmir) in 1919 as it stood on the cusp of monumental change. Édmond-Édouard Boissonnas’s photographs and Édouard Chapuisat’s accompanying textual frames in the album Smyrne capture the city just as the Greek army landed there to begin their occupation of Asia Minor in a doomed bid to defeat the Ottoman Turks and create a new Byzantine empire. The article argues for the propagandist, transnationalistic aim of Smyrne in support of the Greek state’s irredentist agenda based on what Astrid Erll identifies as the ‘isomorphy betwee

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Petrosyan, Armen. "Apollo – Greek god." ARAMAZD: Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies 12, no. 1 (2018): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/ajnes.v12i1.896.

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The names of Troy and Ilion (Τροία, Ἴλιον/Ἴλιος) go back to the toponyms Taruisa and Wilusa of the Hittite sources. The Trojan prince Paris, whose second name is Ἀλέξανδρος (Alexandros) has a historical prototype in the person of King Alaksandu of Wilusa, who sealed a treaty with the Hittite king Muwatalli II circa 1280 BC and thus lived for several decades before the date ascribed to the legendary Trojan War. In the treaty of Alaksandu and Muwatalli the gods of Troy-Wilusa are evoked: the first is the thunder/storm god of army, the name of the second is erased and the third one is Appaliuna (

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Dr., Marios Kyriakidis. ""Letters from the Front: The Greek Army in Modern History Through Soldiers' Writings (1821–1949)"." ISRG Journal of Arts Humanities & Social Sciences (ISRGJAHSS) III, no. I (2025): 413–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14840336.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>This study explores the lived experiences of Greek soldiers through their personal writings - letters, diaries, and memoirs - spanning from the Greek War of Independence (1821–1830) to the Greek Civil War (1946–1949). While military history has traditionally emphasized strategy, leadership, and battlefield outcomes, this research shifts the focus to the voices of ordinary soldiers, revealing their perceptions of war, hardship, identity, and duty. By analyzing unpublished and lesser-known sources, the study examines how soldiers expressed their emotions

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Michailidis, Iakovos. "A ten years’ war aspects of the Greek historiography on the First World War." Balcanica, no. 49 (2018): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc1849171m.

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This article tries to provide an evaluation of the Greek historiography on the First World War (WWI) and to illustrate its various research stages and trends. It is argued that the Greek historiography mainly approaches WWI and Greece?s involvement not as an international, but as a domestic phenomenon. Greek involvement in WWI has been looked at through the lens of the Asia Minor Catastrophe in 1922, an episode of the ten-year war of the Greek army starting with the triumphant Balkan Wars and ending with the defeat in the Asia Minor Campaign in 1922.

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Nodes, Daniel. "Savvas Neocleous, Heretics, Schismatics, or Catholics? Latin Attitudes to the Greeks in the Long Twelfth Century. Studies and Texts, 216. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 2019, 291 pp." Mediaevistik 32, no. 1 (2020): 421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/med.2019.01.97.

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In April 1204, a Western crusading army on its way to the Holy Land attacked and occupied the Eastern Roman capital of Constantinople in the notorious debacle of the Fourth Crusade. Pope Innocent III had adamantly forbidden the detour but lost control over the army. After the siege was successful, he seems to have wanted at least to use the conquest to effect a forced reunion of the churches East and West. In this frame of mind Innocent later explained to Theodore Laskaris, Emperor of Nicaea, who had complained that an army commissioned to aid the Holy Land had instead turned their crusading s

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Меkhamadiev, Е. А. "9TH CENTURY ARABIC-SPEAKING HISTORIANS AL-BALADHURI AND AL-YA‘QUBI ABOUT THE BYZANTINE ARMY OF ARMENIAKOI: ON THE BYZANTIUM’S MILITARY POLICY WITHIN ITS ARMENIAN AND WEST CAUCASUS POSSESSIONS DURING THE 7TH CENTURY." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 2(53) (2021): 118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2021-2-118-127.

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Greek sources, which tell us about a military-political history of Byzantium in the 7th century, mainly the famous “Chronographia” of Theophanes the Confessor, usually contain little evidence on relations between the Empire and local countries of South Caucasus and Armenian highland. But, having based on the Arabic-speaking historians al-Baladhuri and al-Ya‘qubi, who lived both in the 9th century, and also on the evidence of some little-studied Greek texts, i.e. a letter of Anastasius Apocrisiarius and the works of Theodoros Spoudaios, the author tries to discover a role of the Byzantine army

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Heath, Malcolm. "Greek Literature." Greece and Rome 61, no. 2 (2014): 261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383514000096.

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Geoffrey Bakewell finds in Aeschylus'Suppliants‘an invaluable perspective on Athenian attempts at establishing their own identity in the late 460sbce’. The play presents a ‘displaced self-portrait of Athens’, and the ‘ambivalent welcome to exotic immigrants’ and ‘wariness towards outsiders’ makes that portrait ‘not entirely flattering’ (ix). I am not sure whether this judgement is meant to express a modern perspective, or that of Aeschylus' audience. Bakewell claims that metics ‘by their very nature constituted an existential threat to the democratic city and its self-understanding’ (8), and t

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Λειβαδιωτάκης, Γεώργιος, та Marina Tzakosta. "Μια Λεξικολογική Προσέγγιση της Ελληνικής Κοινωνιολέκτου του Στρατού". Journal of Language and Culture in Education 1, № 1 (2024): 87–103. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12807456.

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The Greek army has its own sociolect. Its standard form is mainly used by permanent officers a) in official communicational situations b) in written speech and c) during the training of new soldiers (Ροφούζου, 2009). In this paper, we focus on the informal form (slang) of the sociolect created by Greek soldiers. This slang is used for daily discussions in a wide variety of situations so that soldiers express humor, personal opinions and feelings and establish their group identity (Καραχάλι&om

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Strechie, Mădălina. "The War of Hegemony: Power Against Freedom." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 30, no. 1 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2024-0024.

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Abstract The war of hegemony, known in historical sources as the Peloponnesian War represented not only a generalized military conflict of the entire Greek world since Antiquity, but also an entirely new war until then. Its novelty was manifested in the fact that they were not only military confrontations, but also genuine battles between ideologies, between interests, between ideas, between camps, between political systems. The League of Delos controlled by Athena, a veritable thalassocracy, faced the League of Peloponnesus, controlled by Sparta, the ancient state that had the best army in th

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Christopoulos, Marianna. "Anti-Venizelist criticism of Venizelos’ policy during the Balkan Wars (1912-13)." Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 39, no. 2 (2015): 249–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307013100015378.

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Although the Balkan Wars are regarded as a defining moment in modern Greek history that led to the expansion of Greek territory, they also constitute an important chapter in the history of internal Greek politics: the Greek prime minister Eleftherios Venizelos consolidated his position as the country’s most competent politician; the Palace, at the head of the victorious Greek army, regained much of its lost prestige after the unsuccessful Greco-Turkish war of 1897; and most importantly, the old parties began to function as a united front against Venizelos. This reaction was majorly triggered b

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Dr., Marios Kyriakidis. ""Post-Lausanne Greece: Military Pedagogy of the Greek Army, Diplomatic Strategies, and Civil-Military Dynamics in the Interwar Period (1923–1939)"." ISRG Journal of Arts Humanities & Social Sciences (ISRGJAHSS) III, no. I (2025): 46–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14615079.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>This study examines Greece's trajectory following the Treaty of Lausanne (1923), with a focus on the interplay between military pedagogy, civil-military relations, and diplomacy in the interwar period (1923–1939). It explores how the Greek Army adapted its military education and strategy in response to shifting regional dynamics and geopolitical pressures, particularly in its relationship with Turkey and neighboring states. Key developments include the Treaty of Ankara (1930), signaling rapprochement with Turkey, and Greece’s participation in the Balka

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Dr., Marios Kyriakidis. ""Military Training, Espionage, and Counter-Espionage in the Modern History of the Greek Army (1821–1947): A Strategic Evolution in Military Pedagogy"." ISRG Journal of Arts Humanities & Social Sciences (ISRGJAHSS) III, no. I (2025): 58–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14615128.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>This study examines the evolution of military training, espionage, and counter-espionage within the Greek Army from 1821 to 1947, a period marked by Greece's struggle for independence, state-building, and participation in major global conflicts. It explores the foundational role of military pedagogy in shaping the Greek Army's strategic capabilities, tracing its development from informal guerilla tactics during the War of Independence to the establishment of structured training systems and academies in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.</em> <em>The research

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Dr., Marios Kyriakidis. ""Military Education and Professionalization in Modern Greece: The Evelpidon Military Academy and the Impact of Foreign Military Doctrines (1828–20th Century)"." ISRG Journal of Arts Humanities & Social Sciences (ISRGJAHSS) III, no. I (2025): 253–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14738407.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>This study examines the evolution of military education and professionalization in modern Greece, with a specific focus on the Evelpidon Military Academy, founded in 1828, and its role in shaping the Greek Army. The academy, established by Ioannis Kapodistrias, served as the cornerstone for developing a disciplined and capable officer corps, crucial for Greece’s transition from a nascent state to a modern nation. This research explores how Evelpidon’s curriculum evolved over time, reflecting shifts in military science and the demands of national defens

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Birvural, Ali. "The Economic Historical Significance of the Ionian Occupation State." HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT AND POLICY, no. 2 (January 2025): 75–90. https://doi.org/10.3280/spe2024-002004.

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The Greek troops announced the establishment of the Ionian State in Western Anatolia in July 1922, with its capital in Izmir. This state lasted five weeks until the Turkish army came to Izmir on September 9, 1922. The economic uncertainties during the Greek Occupation and the Turkish War of Independence led to the bankruptcy of the Greek economy. The article also examined the economic reasons behind the conflicts of interest and conflicts between the Allied Powers and the Greek powers. It also looked at the economic structures of the Ionian State, which were not internationally recognized. The

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Bouros, D., M. Niotis, and V. Blatsios. "Lymphangitis after tuberculin test." European Respiratory Journal 4, no. 2 (1991): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.93.04020235.

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After Mantoux testing with purified protein derivative (PPD) equivalent to 5 tuberculin units (TU), a 28 yr old man developed extensive erythema, induration and proximal lymphangitis. This is the only such case observed after Mantoux testing in approximately 500,000 subjects during 10 yrs in the Greek Army.

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Iovine, Giulio, and Ornella Salati. "Die Geschäfte des Herrn Julius Caesar. A survey of the first century BC – third century ad Latin and Latin-Greek documents referring to Roman citizens and their business in Egypt." Journal of Juristic Papyrology, no. 50 (August 2, 2021): 168–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.36389/uw.jjurp.50.2020.pp.168-198.

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The paper provides an updated and annotated list of Latin and bilingual Latin-Greek papyri from the first century bc to the early third century ad – including very recently published and still unpublished – that refer to the lives and businesses of Roman citizens in Egypt. It also covers documents connected with the Roman army, that is produced in military officia to be specifically used by soldiers (acknowledgments of debt, receipts of money etc.). They are connected not with the army life, but with the life outside the barracks, among tradesmen, merchants, and (from the second century ad onw

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Poulos, Panagiotis C., and Elias Kolovos. "Athens besieged: Greek and Ottoman perceptions of shifting space during the Greek Revolution of 1821." Journal of Greek Media & Culture 7, no. 2 (2021): 219–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jgmc_00040_1.

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This article explores aspects of the quotidian history of space in the Greek Revolution of 1821, using as a case study the transitional events of the siege of the Acropolis by the Ottoman army in 1826 and the recapturing of the city of Athens. Through a thorough study of space as embodied knowledge grounded in the dynamic interaction between humans and material culture, it identifies the shifts in the Athenian landscape during this period. Its findings are based on primary textual and visual sources pertaining to warfare, which are juxtaposed to the Greek and Ottoman emerging official percepti

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Dalby, Andrew. "Greeks abroad: social organisation and food among the ten thousand." Journal of Hellenic Studies 112 (November 1992): 16–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/632150.

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This study of the Ten Thousand on their way home will consider, with regard to some important aspects of their social behaviour, whether they were adopting and adapting the Greek city way of life, or that of a mercenary army, and whether other possible models may help us to understand their problems and their success.The Ten Thousand had been part of an army and many of them would form part of one again. The assumption that in the meanwhile they were really just like an army justifies the space given to them by Parke, by Marinovich and by Griffith in books which are studies of Greek mercenary

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Fischer-Bovet, Christelle. "EGYPTIAN WARRIORS: THEMACHIMOIOF HERODOTUS AND THE PTOLEMAIC ARMY." Classical Quarterly 63, no. 1 (2013): 209–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000983881200064x.

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The role and status of the Egyptians in the army of Hellenistic Egypt (323–30b.c.) has been a debated question that goes back to the position within Late Period Egyptian society (664–332b.c.) of the Egyptian warriors described by Herodotus asmachimoi. Until a few decades ago, Ptolemaic military institutions were perceived as truly Greco-Macedonian and the presence of Egyptians in the army during the first century of Ptolemaic rule was contested. The Egyptians were thought of as being unfit to be good soldiers. Egyptians would have been hired only as late as 217b.c.to fight against the Seleucid

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Ciobotaru, Alina. "Ancient trophy monuments – origins, evolution and signification in the Greek world." Revista CICSA online, Serie Nouă, no. 2 (2016): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31178/cicsa.2016.2.5.

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Weapons and military equipment played a significant role in the life of ancient Greeks, not only as instruments needed in gaining victory on the battlefield, but as elements acquiring religious meanings in war contexts and being used in sacred ceremonies. Ancient Greek historians wrote about marvellous weapons dedicated in sanctuaries, and they mentioned trophy monuments erected on the battlefield, whose role was to delight the war Gods who helped the victorious army to defeat their enemies. The research of ancient trophy monuments needs to go back in time for the most important sources (archa

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Chrisidu-Budnik, Agnieszka. "Z problematyki emigracji z Grecji do Polski Ludowej." Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem 43, no. 4 (2021): 291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2300-7249.43.4.22.

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The 1944–1949 Greek civil war between the supporters of the monarchy with the right-wing government and the left-wing forces with the Democratic Army of Greece resulted in the death of approximately 100,000 people and forced partisans and their families to migrate to countries of “people’s democracy.” It is estimated that the Polish People’s Republic accepted approximately 14,000 people (children and adults). The article describes the genesis of the conflict that led to the outbreak of the civil war as well as the increasing polarization of the Greek population. It presents the (political and

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Kleymeonov, A. A. "SHORTLY BEFORE CHAERONEA: ABOUT THE GREEK-MACEDONIAN MILITARY CONFRONTATION IN 339 – 338 BC." TULA SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN. HISTORY. LINGUISTICS, no. 3(19) (December 5, 2024): 8–23. https://doi.org/10.22405/2712-8407-2024-3-8-23.

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The article examines the actions of the Macedonian king Philip II’s army and the anti-Macedonian coa-lition troops of the in Central Greece during the time immediately preceding the Bat-tle of Chaeronea in 338 BC. The author states that military activity began in the autumn of 339 BC, when, as part of the Expansion of Macedonia, Philip invaded the region and unexpectedly captured the city of Elatea, which was of great strategic importance. The result was the rapid advance of the Atheni-an army into Boeotia and the formation of the Athenian-Theban coalition, which some other policies joined a l

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González, Galera Víctor. "Actores soldado en el ejército romano: algunas cuestiones pendientes." Revue International d'Histoire Militaire Ancienne 12 (June 7, 2023): 367–88. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14711143.

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This article examines the implications of a small but significant set of Latin and Greek inscriptions documenting the presence of theatrical performers in the Roman army during the 2nd and 3rd centuries CE. These dozen epigraphs refer to actors from various military units (legionaries, auxiliaries, sailors, <em>vigiles</em>) who participated in theatrical performances meant to entertain the troops. The study analyses this documentation to propose hypotheses about the creation and function of these acting groups, the organization of troupes, the staging of performances, and the level of profess

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Kontodimaki, Vasiliki, and Costas Mountakis. "Disparities among Greek Army Units due to Physical Training Instructor’s Competency Influencing the Organizational Efficiency of the Army Physical Training." Open Sports Sciences Journal 7, no. 1 (2014): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875399x01407010065.

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There has been no systematic measurement of the parameters affecting the organization’s efficiency of the physical training of the Hellenic Army’s Physical Training (APT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the competency of the five different types of “Physical Training (PT) Instructor” within the Hellenic Army Units Training Cycles (HAUTCs), which influences the APT program’s organizational efficiency in the Hellenic Armed (HA) forces. Two thousands eight hundred sixty four (2864) survey questionnaires (5 point Likert type scale) were selected. Participants came from a wide spectrum o

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Reade, Julian Edgeworth. "XENOPHON'S ROUTE THROUGH BABYLONIA AND ASSYRIA." Iraq 77 (December 2015): 173–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/irq.2015.15.

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TheAnabasisof the Greek historian Xenophon describes the march of a mercenary army in 401–400b.c.from the Aegean coast down the Euphrates to Babylonia, and back up the Tigris to the Black Sea and the Aegean. This paper presents the evidence for the army's route through Babylonia and Assyria, and attempts to resolve the main uncertainties.1

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Waszkiewicz, Grzegorz. "Drivers of Greek and Turkish Defense Spending." International Journal of Management and Economics 51, no. 1 (2016): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijme-2016-0018.

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Abstract This paper evaluates the factors responsible for maintaining substantial military expenditures in Greece and Turkey. The presented research encompasses theoretical and empirical aspects. First, defense spending by both countries was analyzed based on statistical data from international sources. Next, the theoretical determinants of budgetary spending are reviewed, which consider political, economic and military factors behind high expenditures on the army in Greece and in Turkey. Finally, Granger causality tests is applied to determine whether a causal relation between variables exist

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Bacalexi, Dina. "Personal, paternal, patriotic: the threefold sacrifice of Iphigenia in Euripides' Iphigenia in Aulis." Humanitas 68 (December 29, 2016): 51–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2183-1718_68_3.

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In the IA, Iphigenia accepts to be sacrificed. This voluntary sacrifice can be interpreted as a result of her threefold motivation: personal, love for life; paternal, love for her father Agamemnon, the leader of the Greek army which is about to sail to Troy; and patriotic, love for her country, the great Hellas, whose dignity and freedom Agamemnon and the army intend to defend. These three motives are interconnected and should not be considered separately. This is the principal Euripidean innovation, with regard to the mythical and Aeschylean tradition of Iphigenia's sacrifice. It allows us to

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Marios Kyriakidis. "The Greek army and the 1922 refugee crisis: Military intervention in the aftermath of the Asia minor catastrophe." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 14, no. 3 (2025): 914–27. https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2025.14.3.0742.

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The 1922 refugee crisis, triggered by the Greek military defeat in Asia Minor, led to one of the most significant forced population movements of the 20th century. While existing historiography primarily examines this crisis through diplomatic and humanitarian lenses, this study reframes the Greek Army’s role as an active agent in both the displacement and management of refugees. Rather than treating the military as a neutral force or a mere facilitator of state policies, this research argues that the Army’s intervention blurred the lines between humanitarian relief, strategic governance, and n

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NOWICKA, Ewa. "CIVIL WAR IN MEMORY OF GREEK REPATRIATES FROM POLAND AND OTHER EASTERN BLOC COUNTRIES." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 163, no. 1 (2012): 238–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0002.3258.

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The paper is based on anthropological study fieldwork conducted in Greece during the three subsequent research seasons of 2005-2009. The Greek Civil War (1946-1949) broke out after World War II and it reflected the conflict between communist (or at least leftist) Greek guerillas and the rightist power of the Royal authorities. On one side the war was supported from Moscow, and on the other by Great Britain and US military forces. As a result of the total defeat of communists, the Greek citizens who were actively involved in the military activity, their families and civilians inhabiting the ter

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Havenetidis, Konstantinos, Dionysios Kardaris, and Thrasivoulos Paxinos. "Profiles of Musculoskeletal Injuries Among Greek Army Officer Cadets During Basic Combat Training." Military Medicine 176, no. 3 (2011): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.7205/milmed-d-10-00196.

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Paisis, Panagiotis, Brian Hanley, Konstantinos Havenetidis, and Athanassios Bissas. "Cypriot and Greek Army Military Boot Cushioning: Ground Reaction Forces and Subjective Responses." Military Medicine 178, no. 4 (2013): e493-e497. http://dx.doi.org/10.7205/milmed-d-12-00432.

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O'Halpin, Eunan. "‘A Greek Authoritarian Phase’? The Irish Army and the Irish Crisis, 1969–70." Irish Political Studies 23, no. 4 (2008): 475–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07907180802452689.

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