Academic literature on the topic 'Greek Art metal work'
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Journal articles on the topic "Greek Art metal work"
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Abreu, José Guilherme, Salomé Carvalho, Rui Bordalo, and Eduarda Vieira. "THE IMAGE OF SOARES DOS REIS’ SCULPTURE IN ART HISTORY, ART CRITICISM AND LITERATURE: EPOCHS, MODELS AND REPRESENTATIONS." ARTis ON, no. 9 (December 26, 2019): 74–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.37935/aion.v0i9.240.
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A hundred thirty years after his dramatic death, António Soares dos Reis (ASR) remains a huge challenge for art history understanding and art criticism interpretation, since he has been seen simultaneously as “a Greek, […] a realist, […] a classical, […] and a naturalist” (Arroyo, 1899: 78). His major sculpture – O Desterrado – being “an existential work” (França, 1966: 454) escapes from the classic orthodox aesthetic analysis, standing apart from the typical sculptural work of late 19th century. Our hypothesis is that ASR art works like a Rorschach test, for the narratives referred to it, instead of unveiling its character, reveal the concepts and beliefs upon which successive art studies have been produced. No visual images are displayed in this text, since the aim of our study is to detect the mental images associated to the insights and models that art historians and other authors traditionally used to assess ASR’s artistic work.
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Miralrio, Alan, and Araceli Espinoza Vázquez. "Plant Extracts as Green Corrosion Inhibitors for Different Metal Surfaces and Corrosive Media: A Review." Processes 8, no. 8 (August 6, 2020): 942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8080942.
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Natural extracts have been widely used to protect metal materials from corrosion. The efficiency of these extracts as corrosion inhibitors is commonly evaluated through electrochemical tests, which include techniques such as potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and weight loss measurement. The inhibition efficiency of different extract concentrations is a valuable indicator to obtain a clear outlook to choose an extract for a particular purpose. A complementary vision of the effectiveness of green extracts to inhibit the corrosion of metals is obtained by means of surface characterizations; atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis are experimental techniques widely used for this purpose. Moreover, theoretical studies are usually addressed to elucidate the nature of the corrosion inhibitor—metal surface interactions. In addition, calculations have been employed to predict how other organic substances behave on metal surfaces and to provide experimental work with fresh proposals. This work reports a broad overview of the current state of the art research on the study of new extracts as corrosion inhibitors on metal surfaces in corrosive media. Most constituents obtained from plant extracts are adsorbed on the metal, following the Langmuir adsorption model. Electron-rich regions and heteroatoms have been found to be responsible for chemisorption on the metal surface, whereas physisorption is due to the polar regions of the inhibitor molecules. The plant extracts compiled in this work obtained corrosion inhibition efficiencies above 60%, most of them around 80–90%. The effect of concentration, extraction solvent, temperature, and immersion time were studied as well. Additional studies regarding plant extracts as corrosion inhibitors on metals are needed to produce solutions for industrial purposes.
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wood, d. "Second Sight: The Art of Joan Steiner." Gastronomica 5, no. 1 (2005): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2005.5.1.9.
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Feast for the Eye Joan Steiner has created a series of children’s picture books, entitled Look-Alikes, based on her observations that some objects look like others. Each book consists of about 10 illustrations intended as puzzles; readers are invited to enumerate the substitutions of look-alikes for their real counterparts. A barn, for instance, is a green metal toolbox and its silo is an aerosol can with toy train tracks as its ladder. The high incidence of food and food-related items in her work flaunts our expected purpose for and context of edibles. Steiner’s inventiveness is reminiscent of the Italian mannerist painter Arcimboldo whose portraits also employ food substitutions.
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Phanichphant, Sukon, and Chanitpa Khantha. "Composition of Kaew Angwa by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF)." Key Engineering Materials 702 (July 2016): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.702.103.
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The ancient glass, “Kaew Angwa” is a kind of materials used in decorative art work with colored glass casted on metal. The common Kaew ANgwa can be found in green, blue, colorless and yellow. Brown and red Kaew Angwa are rather scarce. Thin sheet of colored glass is tightly bonded to the metal which cracks when it is bent but still stays intact. Kaew Angwa can reflect lights to the colors of the colored glasses beautifully. Kaew Angwa can be cut with scissors which make it’s easiness for ornament.In this presentation, composition of Kaew Angwa will be examined by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF). The colored glass will be identified and shown that the insertion of transition metals (iron, manganese, and copper) into the crystal structure of silica causes Kaew Angwa to be colored.There is no known method to fabricate Kaew Angwa to be exactly like the ancient one. The results from this work will give the general idea on the composition of colored glasses. Several trials have been performed on how to bond colored glass and metal, for example silver mirroring on cover glass and sealed with epoxy for protection. Further experiments will be performed on thin colored glass
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Sakellariou, Maria, Panagiota Strati, and Polyxeni Mitsi. "Tackling Learning Difficulties With the Art of Dance and Movement in Preschool Age in the Greek School." International Research in Higher Education 5, no. 1 (February 9, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/irhe.v5n1p1.
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One of the main problems in the recent years that have been a matter of concern not only to teachers but also to other parties close to school life, is the treatment of children with learning disabilities. These difficulties act as an inhibiting factor in the educational progress of students and can even lead to social problems. This research work deals with the case study of students attending an integration section within a general class and their diagnosis’ states: Mixed Developmental Disorders, Hyperactivity and Dyspraxia of subtle and agile mobility. The survey was conducted in a kindergarten of the Region of Epirus during the school year 2017-2018. Dance, movement, musical and kinetic games as forms of artistic expression according to the New Curriculum of the Kindergarten, were used as tools throughout all of the Cognitive Domains of the programme. Our purpose was the development of corporal consciousness, strengthening self-confidence and self-esteem, preventing and addressing mental, emotional and psychosomatic problems, reducing hyperactivity and dyspraxia of subtle and agile mobility. Through choreographies, musical performances, taking on a role or contacting diverse materials, the pupil is free to express himself/ herself and has the ability and flexibility to move any way he/she desires. Body movement, motion coordination, and body image thematics can help achieve the developmental goals.
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Herlekar, Mihir, Siddhivinayak Barve, and Rakesh Kumar. "Plant-Mediated Green Synthesis of Iron Nanoparticles." Journal of Nanoparticles 2014 (October 2, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/140614.
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In the recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a state-of-the-art and cutting edge technology with multifarious applications in a wide array of fields. It is a very broad area comprising of nanomaterials, nanotools, and nanodevices. Amongst nanomaterials, majority of the research has mainly focused on nanoparticles as they can be easily prepared and manipulated. Physical and chemical methods are conventionally used for the synthesis of nanoparticles; however, due to several limitations of these methods, research focus has recently shifted towards the development of clean and eco-friendly synthesis protocols. Magnetic nanoparticles constitute an important class of inorganic nanoparticles, which find applications in different areas by virtue of their several unique properties. Nevertheless, in comparison with biological synthesis protocols for noble metal nanoparticles, limited study has been carried out with respect to biological synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles. This review focuses on various studies outlining the novel routes for biosynthesis of these nanoparticles by plant resources along with outlining the future scope of work in this area.
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Caraiane, Aureliana, Vasilica Toma, Gheorghe Raftu, Mihaela Debita, Alina-Ramona Dimofte, and Cristina Iordache. "Aesthetic Rehabilitation of the Teeth using Single Fixed Prostheses." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 2 (March 15, 2019): 714–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.2.6991.
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Dental aesthetics has always been an integral part of practical dentistry despite the fact that only in the last decade it has benefited from an objective critical analysis. Initially, aesthetics is regarded as an art - synonym for subjective, romantic and sentimental sensations. At a time when the basic aesthetic principles were based on Greek and Roman mathematics, the painters studied the aesthetics in order to create the painting, reflected in the depths of our soul. One can have an everlasting discussion about the two facets of dental-scientific and subjective aesthetics. It can be difficult to differentiate dental aesthetics from distinct units because all components are closely interrelated and interdependent. Complete and complex oro-dental treatments should be performed in such a way as to give back the patient both the masticatory functional skills, the feeling of comfort and the aesthetically lost aspect. The general trend in dental medicine focuses on replacing materials that, while meetingfunctional requirements, are not aesthetically pleasing. Thus, new generations of composite materials or integral ceramics take precedence over metal alloys used in dental treatments, from amalgam alloys to metal prosthetic restorations, including even gold ones. The database includes selection, examination and prosthetic resolution of 38 cases in the University of Galati University Prosthetic Clinic in the period 2016-2018. The possibility of creating unidirectional prostheses is a plus in the realization of true to nature works. Prosthetic variants, like dental faces, through which changes in shape, colour and even slight position can be made, with minimal invasiveness, or even non-invasive in the case of no-prep facets are a real advantage to aesthetics. From a biological point of view, the IPS e.max Press ceramic whole system is superior in that it is chemically inert, has a dental-like hardness, therefore it does not produce abrasion, the lack of metal avoids gingival changes colour, galvanic phenomena, and also a possibility of treatment for allergic persons in different components of the metal structure; the biocompatibility of these materials is clearly superior.
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Khartanovich, Margarita F., and Maria V. Khartanovich. "Museum of Classical Archeology of the 19th-century Imperial Academy of Sciences: The history of organizing and transferring collections to the Imperial Hermitage." Issues of Museology 12, no. 1 (2021): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2021.102.
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The Museum of Classical Archeology of the Imperial Academy of Sciences is the successor to the 18th-century Kunstkamera of the Academy of Sciences in term of collections of classical antiquities. This article discusses in detail the stages of development of the Museum of Classical Archaeology as an institution within the structure of the Academy of Sciences through the Cabinet of Medals and Rarities, Numismatic Museum, and the Museum of Classical Archaeology. The fund of the museum consisted of ancient Greek and Roman coins, ancient Russian coins, coins from oriental cultures, ancient Greek vases, antiquities from ornamental stone, glass, precious metals, impressions of medals and coins, items from archaeological excavations and treasures, manuscripts, drawings of objects and photographs. Special attention is paid to the correlation of the possibilities of museum collections of the Academy of Sciences and the Imperial Hermitage in terms of storage, exhibition, research, and promotion of archaeological collections in the second half of the 19th century. The reasons for the very active transfer of the Academy of Sciences’ archaeological collections to the Hermitage in the 19th century and the types of compensation received by the Academy for the collections are discussed. The first archaeological collections donated from the Academy of Sciences to the Hermitage on the initiative of the chairman of the Imperial Archaeological Commission S. G. Stroganov were the “Siberian collection” of Peter I and the Melgunov treasure. The collection of the Museum of Classical Archeology also attracted the attention of art critic I. V. Tsvetaev when arranging funds for the new Museum of Fine Arts at Moscow University. The article introduces into scientific circulation archival documents, showing the state of the museum work in the 19th century in the institution of the Academy of Sciences, documents depicting the structure of the Museum of Classical Archaeology, and the composition of collections.
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Bilal, Muhammad, Shahid Mehmood, Tahir Rasheed, and Hafiz M. N. Iqbal. "Bio-Catalysis and Biomedical Perspectives of Magnetic Nanoparticles as Versatile Carriers." Magnetochemistry 5, no. 3 (July 2, 2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry5030042.
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In recent years, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have gained increasing attention as versatile carriers because of their unique magnetic properties, biocatalytic functionalities, and capabilities to work at the cellular and molecular level of biological interactions. Moreover, owing to their exceptional functional properties, such as large surface area, large surface-to-volume ratio, and mobility and high mass transference, MNPs have been employed in several applications in different sectors such as supporting matrices for enzymes immobilization and controlled release of drugs in biomedicine. Unlike non-magnetic carriers, MNPs can be easily separated and recovered using an external magnetic field. In addition to their biocompatible microenvironment, the application of MNPs represents a remarkable green chemistry approach. Herein, we focused on state-of-the-art two majorly studied perspectives of MNPs as versatile carriers for (1) matrices for enzymes immobilization, and (2) matrices for controlled drug delivery. Specifically, from the applied perspectives of magnetic nanoparticles, a series of different applications with suitable examples are discussed in detail. The second half is focused on different metal-based magnetic nanoparticles and their exploitation for biomedical purposes.
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Gill, David W. J. "Expressions of wealth: Greek art and society." Antiquity 62, no. 237 (December 1988): 735–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00075189.
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In the 2nd century AD Pausanias (i.2.4-15.1) walked through the agora at Athens describing some of the statues and naming the artists; at least 35 of the statues were of bronze, yet not a single one survives intact today (Mattusch 1982: 8-9). Thinking only of the extant marble sculpture does an injustice to the civic art of Athens. This problem is commonplace; almost any classical site has numerous stone bases for bronze statues which have long gone into the melting-pot. Yet so often in modern scholarship stone sculpture is given a privileged position. Although modern histories of Greek art pay much attention to the marble sculpture of the Parthenon, ancient authorities were not so impressed; Pausanias (i.24.5-7) provides the briefest of descriptions to the marble sculpted pediments and omits to mention the frieze. For many scholars today the frieze has become an example of what ‘unlimited money can do’ (Ashmole 1972: 116), yet, as R. Osborne has recently pointed out, it merely helped the viewer to process to the east end of the temple where he or she would have been confronted by the great chryselephantine cult-statue of Athena: ‘this is what the temple was built to display, this is the object towards which worship is directed, and this is what the procession was all about’ (Osborne 1987: 101). And this is what Pausanias describes in detail, the great work of art and expression of Athens’ wealth which no longer survives.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Greek Art metal work"
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Morgan, Mark Williams. "The art of rokusho /." Online version of thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11513.
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Min, Jun Suk. "Movements for enjoyment /." Online version of thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/7790.
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Wolk, Lisa C. "Motion in metal /." Online version of thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11321.
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Hart, Alexandra N. "Form as symbol : allure and defense /." Online version of thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11926.
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Bashir, Majedah. "Floral images in metal." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/724965.
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This creative project will culminate in a show of twenty-five pieces of metalwork, both wearable and sculptural, using as source material the rich tradition the floral imagery found in Islamic arts. Specifically the pieces will be based on the art of the Persian Gulf area. sources will be floral images as expressed in architectural elements, fabric, tiles, and other related arts or crafts.Department of Art
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Essex, Sandra Mikel. "Metal concepts : the calligraphic image." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/897526.
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This project combines metalsmithing and calligraphy into an expressive art form through which the artist can celebrate and share both her understanding of life and the creative, loving God who motivates her art.The rich, calligraphic imagery of the Hebrew, Uncial (early Christian), and Italic alphabets was chosen as the design source.A solid understanding and skillful implementation of a variety of metalworking techniques and calligraphic skills were necessary to turn concept into form, idea into language.Designed and executed for this project were four liturgical objects, two non-functional forms, three functional forms, and nine pieces of jewelry.Department of Art
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Jeon, Eun-Hee. "American image /." Online version of thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11236.
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Parmenter, Dorina Miller. "Bookbinding with metal ornamentation." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1027126.
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During the Middle Ages, books were rare and cherished art forms, individually hand-crafted and decorated both on the pages and on the covers. Monks transcribed religious documents and classical literature with beautiful calligraphy, bound the pages together, and illuminated the covers with leather, silver, gold, ivory, enamels, and jewels.The purpose of this creative project was to research the history of bookbinding and its metal ornamentation, focusing on Medieval treasure bindings, and to explore and execute the historical bookbinding and metalworking techniques which were studied. Four books were constructed using the flexible bookbinding method, covered with leather, and decorated with enamels, stones, etched brass, silver filigree, and constructed closures.Department of Art
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Conner, Sheri L. "The history of the world is written in art." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1313072.
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This creative project resulted in five metal handbags, each based on a specific period from art history: Egyptian, Classical, Art Nouveau, Art Deco and Memphis. These styles range from early human history to contemporary times and possess very explicit and identifiable motifs. They maintain links to each other and impact design to this day.The project culminates in an exhibit. A brief description of the relevant era is printed on attached tags to generate mini art history lessons. People who see or use the handbags will gain exposure to art history they may not otherwise seek out, potentially piquing their curiosity. The aim is to sell all five handbags so they may demonstrate that art history is a vital part of human history because it continues to inform and inspire a spectrum of endeavors from advertising and fashion to engineering and design.Department of Art
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Clevenger, Kathleen. "The art of Japanese sagemono ensembles in metals." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/935917.
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The primary objective of this creative project was the exploration of Japanese sagemono ensembles and the metal working techniques needed for their creation. Sagemono ensembles are hanging accessories worn by the Japanese men of the 16th through the early 20th centuries. The secondary objective was to design and construct four sagemono ensembles using both traditional Japanese themes and patterns along with more contemporary motifs which emerged from the artist's explorations of the original Japanese ensembles. This body of work required a variety of traditional metalsmithing techniques including: complex sheet constructions, photoetching, copper-plating and forming, inlay, and casting.Department of Art
Books on the topic "Greek Art metal work"
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Reeder, Ellen Dryden. Clay impressions from attic metalwork. Ann Arbor, Mich: University Microfilms International, 1993.
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Zimmermann, Nina. Beziehungen zwischen Ton- und Metallgefässen spätklassischer und frühhellenistischer Zeit. Rahden/Westf: M. Leidorf, 1998.
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Antiken-Sammlung, Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien. Gu +form: Bronzen aus der Antikensammlung : [sonderausstellung]. Wien: [The Museum], 1986.
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1949-, O'Brien Opie, ed. Metal craft discovery workshop: Create unique jewelry, art dolls, collage art, keepsakes and more! Cincinnati, Ohio: North Light Books, 2005.
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Club, Boston Architectural. The metalworker's art: A pictorial celebration. Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications, Inc., 2011.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Greek Art metal work"
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Calabretta, Michele, Alessandro Sitta, Salvatore Massimo Oliveri, and Gaetano Sequenzia. "Analysis of Warpage Induced by Thick Copper Metal on Semiconductor Device." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 55–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70566-4_10.
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AbstractElectrochemical deposited (ECD) thick film copper on silicon substrate is one of the most challenging technological brick for semiconductor industry representing a relevant improvement from the state of art because of its excellent electrical and thermal conductivity compared with traditional compound such as aluminum. The main technological factor that makes challenging the industrial implementation of thick copper layer is the severe wafer warpage induced by Cu annealing process, which negatively impacts the wafer manufacturability. The aim of presented work is the understanding of warpage variation during annealing process of ECD thick (~20 µm) copper layer. Warpage has been experimental characterized at different temperature by means of Phase-Shift Moiré principle, according to different annealing profiles. A linear Finite Element Model (FEM) has been developed to predict the geometrically stress-curvature relation, comparing results with analytical models.
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Haugan, Gørill, and Jessie Dezutter. "Meaning-in-Life: A Vital Salutogenic Resource for Health." In Health Promotion in Health Care – Vital Theories and Research, 85–101. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63135-2_8.
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AbstractBased on evidence and theory, we state that facilitating and supporting people’s meaning-making processes are health promoting. Hence, meaning-in-life is a salutogenic concept.Authors from various disciplines such as nursing, medicine, psychology, philosophy, religion, and arts argue that the human search for meaning is a primary force in life and one of the most fundamental challenges an individual faces. Research demonstrates that meaning is of great importance for mental as well as physical well-being and crucial for health and quality of life. Studies have shown significant correlations between meaning-in-life and physical health measured by lower mortality for all causes of death; meaning is correlated with less cardiovascular disease, less hypertension, better immune function, less depression, and better coping and recovery from illness. Studies have shown that cancer patients who experience a high degree of meaning have a greater ability to tolerate bodily ailments than those who do not find meaning-in-life. Those who, despite pain and fatigue, experience meaning report better quality-of-life than those with low meaning. Hence, if the individual finds meaning despite illness, ailments, and imminent death, well-being, health, and quality-of-life will increase in the current situation. However, when affected by illness and reduced functionality, finding meaning-in-life might prove more difficult. A will to search for meaning is required, as well as health professionals who help patients and their families not only to cope with illness and suffering but also to find meaning amid these experiences. Accordingly, meaning-in-life is considered a vital salutogenic resource and concept.The psychiatrist Viktor Emil Frankl’s theory of “Will to Meaning” forms the basis for modern health science research on meaning; Frankl’s premise was that man has enough to live by, but too little to live for. According to Frankl, logotherapy ventures into the spiritual dimension of human life. The Greek word “logos” means not only meaning but also spirit. However, Frankl highlighted that in a logotherapeutic context, spirituality is not primarily about religiosity—although religiosity can be a part of it—but refers to a specific human dimension that makes us human. Frankl based his theory on three concepts: meaning, freedom to choose and suffering, stating that the latter has no point. People should not look for an inherent meaning in the negative events happening to them, or in their suffering, because the meaning is not there. The meaning is in the attitude people choose while suffering from illness, crises, etc.
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"METAL-WORK." In Japan And Its Art, 189–217. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203040195-17.
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Williams, Jonathan, and Andrew Burnett. "A New Gallo-Belgic B Coin Die from Hampshire." In Communities and Connections. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199230341.003.0029.
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The die is 18mm in diameter at the business end, and 23mm in length (figure 19.1). It weighs 46.80 grams. On the die-face there is an incuse design of a stylized horse and rider familiar from the coins of the type known as Gallo-Belgic B (figure 19.2). About halfway down the side, it begins to taper towards the other end which is roughly oval in shape, with a longer diameter of 15mm and a shorter one of 13mm. At the base there is a vestigial spike which projects out slightly (figure 19.3). It looks as if it should be an obverse die which would have been set into an anvil or another kind of metal case for striking. However, such evidence as exists for Iron Age dies from northern Europe suggests that, as indeed was the case in the Greek and Roman worlds, reverse dies could either be in the form of a tapered barrel-shaped object set into a metal casing probably made of iron, or in the form of a long metal shaft with the design carved onto the end. The probability, however, is that this example is in fact an obverse die, for reasons outlined below. The die was analysed by Michael Cowell using non-destructive x-ray fluorescence (XRF) on areas where the immediate surface seems to have been removed, and the bulk material exposed. The results should be regarded as semi-quantitative or approximate, as the technique provides only a surface analysis. The following average results were obtained: The die is thus made of a high-tin bronze with small quantities of other metals. Such alloys are extremely hard and difficult to work, for instance by punching or engraving. The die was examined using optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Most of the surface has a dark grey or black-coloured patina, except in a few places around the edge of the die-face and along the side where the surface has been chipped or broken to reveal a light grey crystalline material beneath. The section of the surface patina is exposed here and can be seen to be more than superficial. There are no indications of copper corrosion products (i.e. red cuprite or green malachite).
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"Japanese Art (continued)—Sculpture—Metal Work—Painting." In The Empire of the East, 149–66. Routledge, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315687728-12.
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Robinson, Annabel. "‘Salvationist for Greek Art’: London 1879–1886." In The Life and Work of Jane Ellen Harrison, 56–84. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199242337.003.0004.
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Bunker, Bruce C., and William H. Casey. "Oxide Films in Metal Corrosion: Oxide Defect Chemistry." In The Aqueous Chemistry of Oxides. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199384259.003.0019.
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Most metals used by our society corrode, from the mild tarnish on silver to the green patina that coats our copper statues and electrical wiring to the red rust on our cars and iron bridges (Fig. 12.1, Plate 17). Metal corrosion often involves the conversion of metals into either oxides or their soluble hydrolysis products. The metals we use in our structures, as well as in electronic and magnetic devices, are destroyed as a result of this conversion. It has been estimated that the annual cost of metallic corrosion to the U.S. economy is hundreds of billions of dollars (5% of the gross national product). Therefore, enormous efforts have been made to understand why metals corrode, and what can be done to inhibit corrosion processes. Stainless steel is just one example of humankind’s attempts to limit corrosion processes. Other examples include the use of inert paints on ships to prevent saline corrosion, coating iron with zinc to galvanize it, and exploiting electrochemical strategies, such as using sacrificial anodes that corrode instead of iron, as a means of protecting more important materials’ components. The number of comprehensive texts and reviews regarding metal corrosion scales with its economic impact, with more than 1000 articles being published on the topic per year. Those of you interested in more comprehensive discussions regarding how specific metals corrode in specific environments such as seawater and acid rain should see other works. Our focus in this chapter is to highlight how metal corrosion is mediated by the presence of oxides, with an emphasis on reactions that occur in water. This overview highlights the basic properties of oxide films that give rise to a wide range of complicated metal corrosion phenomena. The discussion draws on many concepts highlighted in other chapters of this book: surface chemistry (Chapter 6), electrochemistry (Chapter 11), and oxide dissolution (Chapter 16). Metal corrosion often involves electrochemical reactions in which the metal is oxidized by either water or O2.
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Dewangan, Y. "Polysaccharide as Green Corrosion Inhibitor." In Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors, 70–100. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901496-4.
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The carbohydrates associated with polysaccharide glycosidic bonds are tightly chained, usually linear and highly branched complex molecules. Their structure mainly consists of hydroxyl groups in the form of functional groups, in which an oxygen heterogeneous atom is present. Some polysaccharides have hetero atoms. Nitrogen and Sulfur in addition to oxygen, which have unshared electron pairs. Hetero atoms easily share their electron pair to the vacant d orbitals of the metal ion and prevent the metal from corrosion. Polysaccharides are biodegradable, renewable, inexpensive and environment friendly due to which they are easily used as corrosion inhibitors. The present study mentions some major research work in which polysaccharides are used as corrosion inhibitors. Their mixed type nature has been reported in most research papers, and in the case of steel metal, they mainly follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Chemical (gravimetric analysis) and electrochemical (EIS & PDP) studies are frequently used for the corrosion inhibition study. Some of the current research papers have also used computational or theoretical studies such as quantum chemical study and MD simulation. At the end of this book chapter, a discussion is also given regarding further research and direction related to the topic.
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Fraser, P. M. "Eponymous Coin-Names." In Greek Ethnic Terminology. British Academy, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264287.003.0011.
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The ktetics of certain Greek cities were in wide circulation from an early date, with reference either to the coins of the cities or to the standard weights and values of their coinage, as used by other cities. The most familiar of these are the Aeginetan and Athenian, and later the Rhodian, all of which appear in a wide variety of sources, and in particular in the weights and measures assigned to votive offerings of precious metals, including coinage, in temple-inventories, notably those of Athens and Delos, and in the long temple-accounts for the work carried out at Delphi in the middle of the fourth century. The ktetic in -ικός/η/όν was regularly used in this context, both in documentary and literary usage.
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"Pyrazine Derivatives as Green Corrosion Inhibitors." In Theory and Applications of Green Corrosion Inhibitors, 161–82. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901052-6.
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Pyrazine is a six-member heterocyclic compound containing two nitrogen atoms, located at one-fourth position. A pyrazine and its derivatives are most commonly used as a pharmaceutical, food colouring agent and as a corrosion inhibitor. It has chemistry and chemical characteristics due to nitrogen atoms present which can be obtained from both naturally and synthetically. A pyrazine and its derivatives are used effectively in corrosion media to prevent metal and metal alloy from corrosion. Chemical and electrochemical methods are commonly used as corrosion monitoring techniques, in which weight loss EIS and PDP are prominent. Their mixed type of nature has been reported in previously published works. There have also been works on the use of computation calculation in recent works, which include DFT calculation and MD Simulation are the main ones. The future research related to the pyrazine has also been highlighted.
Conference papers on the topic "Greek Art metal work"
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Yang, Fan, Yunlong Tang, and Yaoyao Fiona Zhao. "Manufacturability of Overhang Structures Fabricated by Binder Jetting Process." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-65927.
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Due to the superior mechanical properties of metals and the inherent capability of additive manufacturing (AM) to fabricate complex structures, metal AM reveals a promising future in the industrial fields. Compared with other metal AM processes, Binder Jetting (BJ) process has potential of producing overhang structures without additional supports. This advantage of BJ process significantly enlarges the design freedom of complex metal parts with intricate overhang structures. However, it should be noted that there is still a certain manufacturing limitation of overhang structures for BJ process. Without the support of loose powder after the depowdering process, the green part is vulnerable to the inevitable external loads, such as self-weight. In this paper, a theoretical model has been proposed to evaluate the self-support capability of printed green parts after the depowdering process. A set of experiments has been designed to find the maximum normal stress that printed green parts can withstand. This proposed theoretical model can be used to predict manufacturability of overhang structure of any arbitrary shape. Based on this model, some design guidelines and future work are summarized at the end of this paper.
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Xavior, M. Anthony, P. Ashwath, and R. Rajendran. "Effect of Precipitation Hardening on Particle Reinforced Aluminum Alloy Composites." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-50103.
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In this research work two different composites are manufactured using Aluminum Alloy (AA) 2900 and 2024 as matrix with SiC and Al2O3 as reinforcement material through powder metallurgy technique. The objectives of this research work are to determine the influence of the sintering duration on the properties of composites and to understand the effect of different aging time on the properties of the composites. The weight percentage of reinforcement materials, sintering duration and aging duration were considered as variable parameters in this experimental work. The metal powder and the reinforcement are blended in high energy ball mill and compacted in Universal Testing Machine at a constant load of 500Mpa to fabricate green compacts. The green compacts were subjected to microwave sintering at 500°C for 60 minutes as per the design of experiments. The sintered samples are quenched in water till it reaches the temperature close to room temperature and loaded again into the sintering furnace for artificial aging (for a varying duration of 60 & 120 minutes). This will allow the samples to form CuAl2 and CuMgAl2 precipitates which are confirmed using SEM and X-ray diffraction studies. Hardness studies are carried out using Rockwell and Brinell hardness tester respectively.
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Zhou, Wei, Rong Liu, and Wenzhong Zhou. "Enhanced Thermal Conductivity UO2-GaN Fuel, Proposed Fabrication Methods and Multiphysics Fuel Behavior Analysis." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67167.
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In this paper, we first propose a novel composite nuclear fuel of UO2-GaN, which has never been reported before, and then its fully coupled multiphysics fuel performance is investigated using the CAMPUS code developed by ourselves. We propose two different fabrication methods to obtain the UO2-GaN fuel, which are Green Granule/Slug Bisque and Spark Plasma Sintering, respectively, resulting in different fuel thermal conductivities. By comparing two kinds of UO2-GaN fuel which are fabricated by two methods, we found that fuel fabricated by Green Granule/Slug Bisque possesses high thermal conductivity and performs well during the reactor operation. The gap width, gap conductance, fission gas release, plenum pressure, deviation of oxygen to metal ratio and displacement are all studied in this work. The performance of this novel fuel is also compared with the traditional UO2 fuel. The UO2-GaN enhanced thermal conductivity composite fuel shows the potential of decreasing the fuel temperature, and improving fuel performance and reactor safety. This makes GaN a good candidate to fabricate composite fuel with UO2 from the thermal standpoint. However, this work is to conduct an exploratory approach to the effect for the GaN addition to UO2 fuel with very limited data. So, further studies are still needed on GaN’s compatibility with UO2, neutronic behavior, fission product retention capabilities and irradiation performance, both on experimental measurements and numerical simulations.
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Jamalabad, Vikram R., Mukesh K. Agarwala, Noshir A. Langrana, and Stephen C. Danforth. "Process Improvements in Fused Deposition of Ceramics (FDC): Progress Towards Structurally Sound Components." In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/dfm-1279.
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Abstract Fused Deposition of Ceramics (FDC) is a Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) technique under development at Rutgers University. This technique is based on Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)2, a commercially available SFF technology. Freeform fabrication of ceramic and metal parts is a means of significantly lowering the cost of currently expensive components. The feasibility of Fused Deposition of Ceramics (FDC) has been demonstrated in the recent past. Crucial to the viable fabrication of ceramic components is the elimination of defects in the parts. Apart from some of the usual traits of SFF techniques, some distinct features of FD Processing lead to defects in fabricated parts. The focus of this work is to study and improve the build procedure of FDM, thereby reducing the defects that are associated with FD processing. Predictable errors in the FDC/FDM components need to be consistently eliminated to increase the yield of fully dense, defect free, green parts. Changes in the manufacturing procedure and operation of FDC are shown to reduce these errors. Fully dense green components are further processed to obtain defect free fully dense sintered ceramic parts.
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Su, Zonghui, Jonathan A. Malen, Jacob H. Melby, and Robert F. Davis. "Thermal Transport in LEDs for Solid State Lighting." In ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajtec2011-44107.
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Over 20% of electricity in US is used by lighting. Solid state lighting (SSL) efficiency can theoretically surpass that of incandescent and fluorescent lighting techniques. Nonetheless SSL efficiency is greatly reduced at high temperatures that result from inadequate heat dissipation. SSL requires blue and green light emitting diodes (LEDs) made from Gallium Nitride (GaN) and Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN) to eventually generate white light. Using an infrared thermal imaging camera, temperatures of working blue and green LEDs with different efficiencies were measured. The results show that higher efficiency LEDs have lower active region temperatures when driven with the same power. Further, they motivate our study of thermal properties of the individual thin films that compose the LEDs, since earlier studies show that conduction is the primary dissipative mechanism for heat in LEDs. Bulk thermal properties are poor estimates of thin film properties due to increased boundary and defect scattering of phonons in the films. By examining real LED structures with the 3-omega technique, thin film thermal conductivities can be measured. For this technique, a thin metal line was fabricated onto a smooth dielectric sample surface. This thin metal line works as both a heater and a thermometer. Benchmark studies on Pyrex 7740 were used to validate our 3-omega setup. Data from real GaN/InGaN LED structures show that the effective thermal conductivities of the AlN buffer layer and multi-quantum-well active region are substantially suppressed relative to their anticipated values based on bulk properties.
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Mulder, Randal E. "DuPont EKC265™ as a Copper Metal Etchant to Assist FIB Edits through Large Copper Power Supply Lines." In ISTFA 2005. ASM International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2005p0194.
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Abstract State-of-the-art semiconductor technologies use multiple copper metallization layers to route power and signals throughout the semiconductor device. These devices have four to six metal layers with the top layers predominately used to route the large power supply lines. To gain access to these lower signal lines, focused ion beam (FIB) must be used to cut large windows through the large power supply lines; this is very difficult. This paper demonstrates how EKC265 can be used as a copper metal etch to remove the copper of the power supply lines. This allows the FIB to cut large windows through the material layers to gain access to the lower metal layers for probing or FIB edits. Results are shown for FIB work using EKC265 and for FIB work without the using EKC265. EKC265 eliminates the need to use the FIB to remove copper giving a much more uniform milling result.
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Erington, K., K. Dickson, G. Lange, J. Z. Garcia, J. Ybarra, and N. Wetterling. "Advanced Backside Defect Isolation Techniques Using Electron Beam Absorbed Current to Locate Metal Defectivity on Bulk and SOI Technology." In ISTFA 2011. ASM International, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2011p0275.
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Abstract This paper describes the use of Electron Beam Absorbed Current (EBAC) mapping performed from the backside of the device as a means of locating metallization defects on state of the art bulk silicon and SOI based microprocessor technologies. It builds on previous work which focused only on flip-chip SOI samples. This paper will demonstrate additional EBAC techniques and the ability to analyze devices processed in bulk silicon technology. Also included are the results obtained from an SOI device mounted in a non flipchip package type. Additional details related to sample preparation, equipment used, and improved practices are described.
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Zheng, Yi, Zhi-Zhu He, Jun Yang, and Jing Liu. "Liquid Metal Printing for Manufacturing Large-Scale Flexible Electronic Circuits." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-37763.
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The advancement of printed electronics technology has significantly facilitated the development of electronic engineering. However, so far there still remain big barriers to impede the currently available printing technologies from being extensively used. Many of the difficulties came from the factors like: complicated ink-configurations, high post-treatment temperature, poor conductivity in room temperature and extremely high cost and time consuming fabrication process. From an alternative strategy, our recently invented desktop liquid metal printer offered a flexible way to better address the above deficiencies. Through modifying the system developed in the authors’ lab, here we demonstrated the feasibility of the method in quickly and reliably printing out various large area electronic circuits. Particularly, the liquid metal ink made of GaIn24.5 alloy, with a high electrical resistivity of 2.98×10−7 Ω·m, can be rapidly printed on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) substrate with maximum sizes spanning from centimeter size to meter large. Most important of all, all these manufactures were achieved at an extremely low cost level which clearly shows the ubiquitous value of the liquid metal printer. To evaluate the working performance of the present electronics fabrication method, the electrical resistance and wire width of the printed circuits were investigated under multiple overprinting cycles. For practical illustration purpose, LED lighting conductive patterns which can serve as a functional electronic decoration art were fabricated on the flexible plastic substrate. The present work sets up an example for directly making large-scale ending consumer electronics via a high-efficiency and low-cost way.
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Pandey, Krishna Murari, Guttikonda Manohar, and Saikat Ranjan Maity. "Effect of China Clay on Mechanical Properties of AA7075/B4C Hybrid Composite Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy Techniques." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24418.
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Abstract Composite materials are very predominant in the areas of industrial applications, aerospace and defense sectors. Aluminium metal matrix composites are main targeted materials by many researchers because of its low density, high strength, corrosion resistance and economical that makes material suitable for aerospace and automobile sectors. In this work effect of china clay volume fraction on mechanical properties of AA7075/B4C composite was investigated. Effect of china clay volume fraction on mechanical properties was analyzed with the help of results obtained by XRD, tensile, compression and micro hardness tests. From the experimentation analysis and results it was clear that added china clay acts as effective binder material for efficient compaction and ejection of green compacts from the die material after cold compaction processes and gives high strength to the composite material up to 7% volume fraction in sintered composite while in tensile strength after that material strength starts to degrade. In this work critical volume fractions of china clay in AA7075/B4C composite was investigated in tensile, compression and hardness. Further, effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties of the composite material was investigated.
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MattaraChalill, Subin, Miller Jothi Kalamegam, and Mallika Parveen. "Upgradation of HVAC Systems in Exisiting Commercial Green House Using Evaporative Coolers in Middle East Climatic Conditions." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-51570.
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Commercial green houses are the back bone of farming industry in world where the climatic conditions are not stable especially in Middle East, Europe and United states. The commercial greenhouses are often high tech production facilities for vegetables or flowers. The glass greenhouses are filled with equipment like screening installations, heating, cooling, and lighting and also may be automatically controlled by a computer to maximize potential growth. Greenhouse concept will provide the stable indoor plant growth environment throughout the year irrespective of the outside climate variance. The indoor climate conditions can be maintained using the properly designed HAVC systems. The conventional commercial green houses are equipped with axial fans and the cooling pads to control the indoor climate conditions without central control of the equipment’s. Financial conditions of the commercial green houses are very important since the cost per plant will be determined by the overall contribution of the capital and operational expenses. In the present scenario the almost 30% of the net profit is eating by the HVAC systems operational cost. The major operation cost is due to the cooling pads work force and the electricity operational cost for the axial fans equipped with metal blade. The up gradation involves mainly the involvement of individual evaporative air-conditioned system instead of conventional systems. The green houses are equipped with individual evaporative cooling units, circulating fans, top mounted air louvers and the control systems to control the entire set up. The initial heat load calculations will give us an idea about the total heat load required to maintain the ambient conditions for indoor plant cultivation. CFD analysis will provide the exact equipment orientation and the load requirement. In conventional greenhouses the conventional equipment’s are equipped to get the results but the same will consume more electrical power and which is not effective in all weather conditions. Heat load calculations will provide us the system demand in a conditioned space based on the available material properties. Based on the heat load results we can do the proper equipment selection and set the airflow based on the demand. CFD analysis will help the modeling of the system in the actual condition. The aim of the study was to analysis the performance study of the individual evaporative cooling units in the greenhouse conditioned space. The results obtained from the heat loads and CFD analysis can be compared. The objective of the present work is to examine the designed Air conditioning system effectiveness in peak summer heat load conditions to check the design parameters (25 °C temperature and 50%RH) inside the greenhouse using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Analysis.