Dissertations / Theses: 'Green and blue infrastructure'

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Suteerasan, Sutthi. "Blue-Green Infrastructure on the Move: How Resilience Concepts Travel Between Cities." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-292293.

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Over the past decades, the fast-changing global climate poses a significant challenge to many cities around the world to embrace resilience concepts, whereby a safe-to-fail planning approach replaces traditional fail-safe practices. The change in perspectives has seen an increase in climate-adapted infrastructural projects being integrated with the new urban planning agendas across the world. The investigation conducted was designed to understand the process of how resilience concepts travel between different cities, by investigating the actors who move policy knowledge, their roles in it, as well as the knowledge transfer process mechanism that is responsible for the movement of such policies. The investigation took advantage of a scoping study technique to answer the research questions, using mostly secondary data and an interview to verify the secondary sources. The findings and the discussion provided insights on who is involved in resilience policies and how these policies are transferred from one place to another. The investigation uncovered the influence policy mobilizers has on the movement of policy knowledge, as well as how the mobilization of policy knowledge can both be beneficial or detrimental, depending on the way it was moved or implemented.
Under de senaste decennierna utgör det snabba föränderliga globala klimatet en betydande utmaning för många städer runt om i världen med att anamma motståndskraftskoncept, där en planeringsstrategi med säkerhet att misslyckas ersätter traditionella felsäkra metoder. Förändringen i perspektiv har ökat klimatanpassade infrastrukturprojekten som integrerats med nya stadsplaneringsagendorna över hela världen. Studien genomfördes för att få en förståelse av hur motståndskraftskonceptet färdas mellan olika städer och detta genomfördes genom att undersöka de aktörer som förflyttar politisk kunskap och deras roller i den samt den kunskapsöverföringsmekanism som är ansvarig för rörelsen av sådan politik. Studien utnyttjade en scoping-studieteknik för att få svar på forskningsfrågorna, med mestadels sekundär data och en intervju för att verifiera sekundärkällorna. Resultaten och diskussionen gav insikter om vem som är inblandad i motståndskraft och hur policy överförs från en plats till en annan. Studien avslöjade även inflytande av politiskt mobilisering och kunskap som både kan vara fördelaktig eller skadlig beroende på hur den flyttades eller genomfördes.

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2

Anderzon, Sofia. "A valuation of ecosystem services from blue-green infrastructure for stormwater management." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446070.

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The ongoing urbanization leads to densification and growth of cities, which replaces natural areas with hard surfaces. Precipitation is then more likely to runoff as stormwater than to be detained locally. Also, precipitation is predicted to be increasing as an effect of climate change. Traditionally, stormwater has been handled by draining it in underground pipes. As a complement, blue-green infrastructure (BGI) can be used to take care of the increased amount of stormwater. BGI is vegetation and water-based systems that intend to restore the natural flows of water. It does, however, not only provide services for stormwater management but also other services that contribute to human welfare. These are provided for free by nature and are called ecosystem services. By illustrating the value of ecosystem services, the motivation of implementing more BGI can increase. The aim of this project was to provide guidance on how to value ecosystem services that BGI can provide at a district level. The valuation was to be semi-quantitative with the grades 1-5. To do so, ecosystem services were identified and given indicators that could illustrate the extent of the ecosystem services’ presence. Seven different BGI for stormwater management were studied, to determine which added values they can bring into urban settings. The BGI were green roofs, trees, rain gardens, swales, detention basin, detention ponds and attenuation storage tanks. Nine ecosystem services provided by these BGI were then identified. These were flood protection, water treatment, local climate regulation, air quality control, environmental noise control, erosion prevention, recreation, social relations and biodiversity. Indicators were identified for each ecosystem service through a literature study. It was noted that to value the ecosystem service, it was not enough to only value the presence of the indicators but also necessary to estimate the demand or need for the ecosystem service. Therefore, questions were formed that could help determine the demand for the ecosystem service. The valuation was then based on how well the presence of the ecosystem service corresponded to the demand of it. After using this valuation method on a case study, it was concluded that this type of valuation is useful for reconstruction projects in an early stage, to illustrate what functions and demands that need to be considered to obtain more ecosystem services. It can then be used for comparison of different proposals, to see which one provides the most ecosystem services. The valuation is conceptual rather than specific. It is useful as it can include any type of ecosystem service but lacks the perspective of costs.
Den pågående urbaniseringen leder till en ökad utbredning och förtätning av städer, vilket innebär att grönytor byts ut mot hårdgjorda. Detta leder till att nederbörd inte omhändertas lokalt utan avrinner istället på de hårdgjorda ytorna som dagvatten. Dessutom förutsägs nederbörden att öka i och med klimatförändringar, vilket ökar mängden dagvatten ytterligare. Traditionellt har dagvatten hanterats genom att avledas i ledningar under mark. Som ett möjligt komplement till denna infrastruktur finns blågrön infrastruktur (BGI). BGI är vegetations- och vattenbaserade system som avser att efterlikna det naturliga flödet av vatten för att minska översvämningsrisken men ger fler nyttor än så. Dessa nyttor benämns ekosystemtjänster. De ökar människors välbefinnande och förses av naturen gratis. Genom att synliggöra värdet av ekosystemtjänster kan motivation till att implementera BGI öka. Syftet med detta projekt var att sammanställa ett beslutsstöd för hur en värdering av ekosystemtjänster från BGI på stadsdelnivå kan gå till. Värderingen skulle vara semi-kvantitativ med en skala 1-5. För att möjliggöra detta identifierades först ekosystemtjänster som sedan tilldelades indikatorer som belyser i vilken utsträckning respektive ekosystemtjänst förekommer. Sju olika blågröna dagvattenlösningar studerades för att avgöra vilka mervärden i form av ekosystemtjänster dessa kan tillföra urbana miljöer. Dessa dagvattensystem var gröna tak, träd, växtbäddar, svackdiken, översvämningsytor, dagvattendammar och fördröjningsmagasin. Nio ekosystemtjänster identifierades kunna uppkomma av dessa blågröna lösningar. Dessa var översvämningsskydd, vattenrening, lokalklimatsreglering, luftrening, bullerreducering, erosionskontroll, rekreation, sociala relationer och biologisk mångfald. För att värdera i vilken utsträckning funktionerna hos ekosystemtjänsterna fanns närvarande togs indikationer fram genom en litteraturstudie. Det ansågs däremot att det inte räckte att enbart värdera förekomsten av ekosystemtjänsten för att bestämma dess värde, utan det var även nödvändigt att studera behovet av dem. Därmed inkluderades frågor som skulle besvara behovet av ekosystemtjänsterna. Värderingen av ekosystemtjänsten baserades då på hur väl förekomsten av ekosystemtjänsten svarade mot behovet. Efter att denna värdering använts på en fallstudie kunde det konstateras att denna typ av värdering är användbar i ett tidigare skede av ombyggnadsprojekt, för att belysa vilka funktioner och behov som behöver tas i beaktande för att erhålla olika ekosystemtjänster. Den kan även användas vid jämförelse av olika förslag, för att visa på vilket förslag som bidrar med mest ekosystemtjänster. Värderingen är konceptuell snarare än specifik och har fördelen att alla ekosystemtjänster kan värderas men belyser enbart nyttor och inte kostnader.

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Escobar, Laura Cecilia. "Adams Morgan Parkway: Envisioning a Network of Green Streets." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74972.

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The footprint of urban streets have become conflict zones of interests; ranging from efficient automobile infrastructure, building restriction lines, economical interests, shy efforts to introduce nature, services, etc. How can we, as urban designers, retrieve a portion of this footprint to nature by taking advantage of the existing public parking areas and create a network of streets that speaks to the larger park network? Can a neighborhood like Adams Morgan serve as an example for a collaborative design between private and public interests to enhance the potential of blue-green infrastructure?
Master of Science

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Zouras, Jamie. "Collaborative decision-making in green and blue infrastructure projects : The case of Copenhagen’s Hans Tavsens Park and Korsgade." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278533.

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Worsening climate change impacts, particularly in coastal areas, are forcing urban planners and designers to find new approaches to govern cities. Traditional government approaches are failing to equip cities with effective strategies on how to implement sustainable interventions such as green and blue infrastructure. Adaptive governance has emerged as a way of dealing with the inherent uncertainty and unpredictability of complex social-ecological systems. It is neither top-down nor bottom-up but involves innovative ways of solving problems with emphasis on collaborative decision-making. This research focuses specifically on how collaboration is undertaken in adaptive governance processes by examining The Soul of Nørrebro case study—an integrated urban design and climate adaptation project for Hans Tavsens Park and Korsgade in Copenhagen, Denmark. Through desk study and interviews, the study identifies which stakeholders are involved in collaborative decision-making processes and how stakeholders envision, implement, and contest collaborative decision-making in The Soul of Nørrebro green and blue infrastructure project. This research found that participation from a wide range of local stakeholders and citizens is an integral part of redesigning public space, as it helps create cohesive, just, and ecologically productive environments. However, trade-offs that result in political decisions that are desirable to some and not to others cannot be avoided in the end. While certain setbacks were unavoidable, others that were encountered could have perhaps been prevented through increased transdisciplinary and representative collaboration.

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Mosuela, Kristine Angela. "A Parameterized Approach to Estimating Wave Attenuation from Living Shorelines." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104636.

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Living shorelines and other nature-based solutions have become more widely accepted as a cost-effective, multi-functional, and sustainable approach to coastal resilience. However, in spite of growing stakeholder support, a planning-level understanding of the hydrodynamic impact of living shorelines is not well-developed. Not only do these features vary in size, shape, and structural characteristics, but the wave environment in which they exist can be quiescent or extreme. The work presented in this paper explores the hydrodynamic effects of living shoreline features in such a way that can be generalized across a range of varying physical environments. In a series of Simulation WAves Nearshore (SWAN) simulations, we investigate the effect of wave period, wave height, bed slope, living shoreline feature length in the cross-shore direction, and feature friction coefficient on wave attenuation. Results showed that higher wave period, higher wave height, milder slopes, longer feature lengths, and higher feature roughness largely correlated with higher wave attenuation. However, only on mild slopes did additional feature lengths result in appreciable additional attenuation. Characteristic lengths were thus computed to better illustrate the cost-effectiveness of additional feature lengths given a particular wave environment. These characteristic lengths provide one way to evaluate the hydraulic efficacy of proposed living shoreline projects. In this way, regardless of the particularities of individual project sites, we aim to help planners screen potential living shoreline projects before pursuing more detailed, costly analyses.
Master of Science
Living shorelines and other nature-based solutions have become more widely accepted as a cost-effective, multi-functional, and sustainable approach to coastal resilience. However, in spite of growing stakeholder support, a planning-level understanding of the hydrodynamic impact of living shorelines is not well-developed. Not only do these features vary in size, shape, and structural characteristics, but the wave environment in which they exist can be quiescent or extreme. The work presented in this paper explores the hydrodynamic effects of living shoreline features in such a way that can be generalized across a range of varying physical environments. In a series of Simulation WAves Nearshore (SWAN) simulations, we investigate the effect of wave period, wave height, bed slope, living shoreline feature length in the cross-shore direction, and feature friction coefficient on wave attenuation. Results showed that higher wave period, higher wave height, milder slopes, longer feature lengths, and higher feature roughness largely correlated with higher wave attenuation. However, only on mild slopes did additional feature lengths result in appreciable additional attenuation. Characteristic lengths were thus computed to better illustrate the cost-effectiveness of additional feature lengths given a particular wave environment. These characteristic lengths provide one way to evaluate the hydraulic efficacy of proposed living shoreline projects. In this way, regardless of the particularities of individual project sites, we aim to help planners screen potential living shoreline projects before pursuing more detailed, costly analyses.

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Bürgow, Grit [Verfasser]. "Urban Aquaculture : Water-sensitive transformation of cityscapes via blue-green infrastructures / Grit Bürgow." Aachen : Shaker, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1066197199/34.

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Bozzi, Alberica Domitilla. "People for green infrastructure : Exploring participatory initiatives in Paris." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-286254.

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Since the early 2000s, the city of Paris has launched several greening initiatives with the scope of, among many, strengthening its green infrastructure (henceforth, GI). With the support of the municipality, citizens actively participate in this transformation, for instance by reactivating and managing former wasteland sites, making the streets blossom, covering walls and roofs with plants and creating new micro-ecosystems. But what is their impact? Citizens engaged in selected participatory initiatives along the local GI have been questioned and interviewed to find out more about their projects. Citizens - either alone, in small groups, organised in local associations, start-ups or companies - act for different reasons and do not always know the concept of GI. Questionnaire respondents value their project first of all because it improves their living environment, but also because it facilitates reconnecting with nature and promotes biodiversity. However, their actions are not coordinated as to effectively reinforce GI. In other words, people’s projects spread everywhere and not particularly where they are most needed. Through the revision of local planning and policy documents, as well as interviews with key actors, this work also highlights contradictions between definition, strategies, maps and meanings of the GI in Paris. Some recommendations are provided to expand the ecological and public GI of today into a veritable multifunctional GI through multidisciplinary and participatory approaches.
Sedan början av 2000-talet har staden Paris startat flera grönskande initiativ med syfte attbland annat återinföra naturen i staden och stärka dess gröna infrastruktur (GI). Med kommunens stöd deltar medborgarna aktivt i denna omvandling, till exempel genom att återaktivera och gemensamt sköta tidigare ödemarker, få gatorna att blomma, täcka väggar och tak med växter och skapa nya mikroekosystem. Men vad är deras inverkan? Medborgare som deltar i utvalda deltagande initiativ längs den lokala GI har utfrågats och intervjuats för att ta reda på mer om sina projekt. Medborgare - antingen ensamma, i små grupper, organiserade i lokala föreningar, nystartade företag eller företag - agerar av olika skäl och känner inte alltid till begreppet grön infrastruktur. De som svarar på frågeformuläret värderar först sitt projekt eftersom det förbättrar deras livsmiljö, men också för att det underlättar återanslutning med naturen och främjar biologisk mångfald. Men deras handlingar samordnas inte för att effektivt stärka GI, eller delar av det. Med andra ord, människor som grönar projekt sprids överallt och inte särskilt där de behövs mest. Genom översynen av lokala planerings- och policydokument, samt intervjuer med nyckelaktörer, belyser detta arbete också motsägelser mellan GI-definition, strategier, kartor och betydelser. Vissa rekommendationer tillhandahålls för att utöka dagens ekologiska och offentliga GI till en verifierbar multifunktionell GI genom multidisciplinära och deltagande strategier.
Depuis le début des années 2000, la ville de Paris a lancé plusieurs initiatives de végétalisation pour réintroduire la nature dans la ville et renforcer ses trames vertes et bleues (TVB). Avec le soutien de la municipalité, les citoyens participent activement à cette transformation, par exemple en réactivant et en gérant d’anciennes friches, en faisant fleurir les rues, en recouvrant les murs et les toits de végétaux et en créant de nouveaux microécosystèmes. Mais quel est leur impact ? Les citoyens engagés dans des initiatives participatives sélectionnées le long de la TVB locale ont été interrogés et interviewés pour en savoir plus sur leurs projets. Les citoyens - seuls, en petits groupes, organisés en associations locales, start-up ou entreprises - agissent pour des raisons différentes et ne connaissent pas toujours le concept de TVB. Les répondants au questionnaire valorisent d’abord leur projet parce qu’il améliore leur cadre de vie, mais aussi parce qu’il facilite la reconnexion avec la nature et favorise la biodiversité. Cependant, leurs actions ne sont pas coordonnées pour renforcer efficacement les TVB. En d’autres termes, les projets de végétalisation des citoyens se répandent partout et pas particulièrement là où ils sont les plus nécessaires. À travers l’analyse des documents de planification locaux, ainsi que des entretiens avec des acteurs clés, ce travail met également en évidence les contradictions entre la définition, les stratégies, les cartes et les significations des TVB. Quelques recommandations sont formulées pour faire de la TVB écologique et publique d’aujourd’hui une véritable TVB multifonctionnelle à travers des approches multidisciplinaires et participatives.

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Xing, Yin. "Design to Promote UrbanEcosystem Services : Examples of solutions with green - blueinfrastructure in public spaces." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-203806.

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The world is increasingly urbanizing with approximately 54% of the world population livingin cities (Langemeyer, 2015). This number is expected to rise to 66% by 2050 (UN, 2014),which means that urbanized areas will expand in size with an additional 2.5 billion new urbaninhabitants (Langemeyer, 2015). Studies show that urban expansion has the effect ofdecreasing, fragmenting, and isolating natural patches by altering the size, shape, andinterconnectivity of the natural landscape (Ricketts, 2001; Alberti, 2005). The consequentloss and degradation of urban and peri-urban green/blue space and elements couldadversely affect ecosystem and its services as well as human health and well-being.Through literature review, the concepts of urban ecosystem services and green-blueinfrastructures are introduced, as well as the main design principles for green-blueinfrastructures. The thesis also briefly introduces urban policies and implementation throughcase study with a focus on Malmö city. Meanwhile, the thesis discusses how the planninginstruments of Green Space Factor and Green Points are used in the Bo01 project and howthey contributed to promote ecosystem services in built environment.Through literature review and case study, the aim of this thesis is to collect design solutionsthat can be used as inspiration and guidance to promote urban ecosystem services throughgreen-blue infrastructures in built environments at different scales.

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YIN, XING. "Design to Promote UrbanEcosystem Services : Examples of solutions with green - blueinfrastructure in public spaces." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-203803.

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The world is increasingly urbanizing with approximately 54% of the world population livingin cities (Langemeyer, 2015). This number is expected to rise to 66% by 2050 (UN, 2014),which means that urbanized areas will expand in size with an additional 2.5 billion new urbaninhabitants (Langemeyer, 2015). Studies show that urban expansion has the effect ofdecreasing, fragmenting, and isolating natural patches by altering the size, shape, andinterconnectivity of the natural landscape (Ricketts, 2001; Alberti, 2005). The consequentloss and degradation of urban and peri-urban green/blue space and elements couldadversely affect ecosystem and its services as well as human health and well-being.Through literature review, the concepts of urban ecosystem services and green-blueinfrastructures are introduced, as well as the main design principles for green-blueinfrastructures. The thesis also briefly introduces urban policies and implementation throughcase study with a focus on Malmö city. Meanwhile, the thesis discusses how the planninginstruments of Green Space Factor and Green Points are used in the Bo01 project and howthey contributed to promote ecosystem services in built environment.Through literature review and case study, the aim of this thesis is to collect design solutionsthat can be used as inspiration and guidance to promote urban ecosystem services throughgreen-blue infrastructures in built environments at different scales.

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Nilsson, Karin. "Att förena öppen dagvattenhantering med användbarhet i en urban parkmiljö : En fallstudie i Malmö och Borås." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för fysisk planering, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12652.

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Syftet med fallstudien har varit att undersöka hur öppen dagvattenhantering och platsens användbarhet skulle kunna kombineras så det ena inte utesluter det andra. Studien utgick ifrån en hypotes om att det finns många konflikter mellan öppen dagvattenhantering och användbarhet. Motsättningarna mellan de olika perspektiven skulle därför innebära, enligt hypotesen, att det är omöjligt att planera för det ena perspektivet utan att skapa problem för det andra. Undantaget skulle vara om kombinationen varit en målsättning under förarbetet. Fallen som har studerats är Ekostaden Augustenborg i Malmö där öppen dagvattenhantering har prioriterats och Stadsparken i Borås där platsens användbarhet har varit en tidig målsättning. Fallen är goda exempel utifrån två olika perspektiv men har gemensamt att de hamnar under begreppet urban parkmiljö. Genom observation, intervjuer och textanalys har fallen studerats närmare. Hypotesen har kunnat verifieras utifrån de två fallen. För mer generella slutsatser behöver fler fall studeras. Resultatet från fallstudien presenteras i form av framtagna planeringsprinciper och förslag på vidare studier.

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Maxter, Melissa. "Sustainable Urban Development : Development Option Using Nature-based Solutions." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för ekoteknik och hållbart byggande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-33925.

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The paper evaluates nature-based solutions for a retrofitting proposal for the combined regeneration, climate adaptation, and green space management of the industrial area Gåsebäck in Helsingborg, Sweden. The objective of this study was to evaluate options for how Gåsebäck could be sustainably regenerated and developed, while providing additional security against future negative effects of climate change, through the implementation of nature-based solutions. The methods used were unstructured interviews, literature study, thematic data analysis, and scoping review. Some urban societal challenges the area is facing were identified as Urban regeneration, Climate adaptation, and Green space management. The suggested NBSs to address these challenges are phytoremediation, mycoremediation, street trees and bushes, green walls, green roofs, flower beds, permeable surfaces, roadside greenery, rain gardens, de-culvertation and pocket parks. Examples of how the identified nature-based solutions can be retrofitted to block Italien are installing green walls on the old fire station for noise and pollution abatement, biodiversity increase, climate regulation, and enhancement of green elements; green roofs on various buildings for e.g. water management, increased biodiversity and green elements; street trees and bushes along the streets Södergatan and Malmöleden/Gåsebäcksvägen for noise and pollution abatement, water management, biodiversity increase, and enhancement of green elements; site specific installation or pocket park with phyto- or mycoremediation; flower beds and roadside traffic to increase attractiveness; and rain gardens and permeable surfaces for water management.

20180620

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Tovatt, Oliver. "Building Social Capital : A Field Study of the Active, Beautiful and Clean Waters (ABC Waters) Programme in Singapore." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-265245.

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This thesis presents a field study examining the effect of the Active, Beautiful and Clean Waters (ABC Waters) Programme in Singapore on social capital. Based on a multi-disciplinary approach and following the theoretical framework of bonding and bridging social capital developed by Robert Putnam and others, three different cases of the ABC Programme were compared, looking particularly at the level of blue-green landscape integration. The three cases comprised the ABC flagship project ‘Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park’ with high level of blue-green integration as well as the green and the grey section of the Ulu Pandan Park Connector with medium and low level of blue-green integration, respectively. Quantitative data was obtained by counting the share of park users engaged in social interaction and by surveying 330 park users on the perceptions of social interaction and integration. In addition to the quantitative data, a total of 60 face-to-face interviews were carried out in the three park areas, providing an in-depth understanding of the perceptions of the surrounding areas. The study concludes that the ABC Waters Programme is a strong generator of social capital, offering an attractive place for social bonding and to some extent also for social bridging.

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Xie, Yuting [Verfasser], Sören [Akademischer Betreuer] Schöbel-Rutschmann, Sören [Gutachter] Schöbel-Rutschmann, and Johannes [Gutachter] Küchler. "Restructuring Cultural Landscapes in Metropolitan Areas : A Typological Approach to Permanent Forms and Green-blue Infrastructure in the Yangtze River Delta Region in China / Yuting Xie ; Gutachter: Sören Schöbel-Rutschmann, Johannes Küchler ; Betreuer: Sören Schöbel-Rutschmann." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2017. http://d-nb.info/115039921X/34.

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Hellberg, Madeleine. "Planning and implementing sustainable urban drainage systems in the built environment." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arkitektur och vatten, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-82068.

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Our planet stands before many great challenges, where climate change and urbanization are two of the major challenges. One of the challenges due to climate change is the increased amount of precipitation and of extreme rainfall, which creates a higher amount of stormwater within the urban areas and an increased risk of urban flooding. Urbanization and an increasing global population put pressure on the environment as more land is exploited and existing urban areas are further developed and densified. Urban areas are already under high pressure to handle the risks of climate change, therefore is climate change adaptation prominent to create more resilient and sustainable urban areas, where stormwater management is one of the challenges that need to be tackled. The aim of this study is to answers one main research question and three sub research question about enablers, barriers, and key factors regarding planning, designing, and implementing sustainable urban drainage systems in the built environment. The used methods are literature study research and multiple case study research. Five case study areas where studied to gather knowledge about areas that have implemented sustainable urban drainage systems. Lessons learned for each of the case study areas where gathered and connected to the literature and used to answer the research questions. The gathered knowledge from the literature and case studies where used to compile recommendations of how a sustainable urban drainage system could be planned and implemented at a pilot study area, which is Välsviken in Karlstad, Sweden. To be able to achieve a sustainable and resilient urban drainage system, that can handle the challenges of climate change and urbanization, it is important that the stormwater planning process is changing. It is crucial to implement facilities and systems that are sustainable, multifunctional, and flexible. The planning process needs to use planning and costing approaches that include flood mitigation and co-benefits, in the long-term and short-term simultaneously. Implementation of sustainable urban drainage systems also needs to be enabled in new areas or being retrofitted into already exploited areas. This could make it possible to create urban areas that are able to tackle the challenges of climate change and urbanization, and create multifunctional, sustainable, and flood mitigated urban areas.
Vår planet står inför många stora utmaningar, där klimatförändringar och urbanisering är två av dessa. En av utmaningarna med avseende på klimatförändringarna är den ökade mängden av nederbörd och extrema regntillfällen, vilka bidrar till större mängder dagvatten i urbana områden och en ökad risk för översvämningar. Urbaniseringen och det ökande antalet invånare globalt sätter press på miljön eftersom mer landyta exploateras och nuvarande urbana områden fortsätter att bebyggas och förtätas. De urbana områdena har redan stora utmaningar med att hantera riskerna med klimatförändringarna. Klimatanpassning är därför viktigt för att skapa mer resilienta och hållbara urbana områden, där dagvattenhanteringen är en av utmaningarna som behöver hanteras. Målet med denna studie är att besvara en övergripande forskningsfråga och tre underliggande forskningsfrågor om möjliggörare, barriärer och nyckelfaktorer gällande planering, design och implementering av hållbara urbana dagvattensystem i den bebyggda miljön. Metoderna som användes var litteraturstudie och multipel fallstudie. Arbetet började med litteraturstudien och sedan genomfördes en fallstudie där fem områden som implementerat hållbara urbana dagvattensystem undersöktes. Lärdomar från varje område sammanställdes och kopplades samman med den andra litteraturen för att besvara forskningsfrågorna. Utifrån litteraturen och fallstudierna sammanställdes rekommendationer för hur ett hållbart urbant dagvattensystem kan planeras och implementeras inom ett utvalt studieområde, vilket är Välsviken i Karlstad, Sverige. För att åstadkomma ett hållbart och resilient urbant dagvattensystem, som kan hantera utmaningarna gällande klimatförändringar och urbanisering, är det viktigt att planeringsprocessen för dagvatten ändras. Det är viktigt att implementera anläggningar och system som är hållbara, multifunktionella och flexibla. Planeringsprocessen behöver använda planerings- och kostandsmetoder som inkluderar översvämningsanpassning och sidofördelar, både långsiktigt och kortsiktigt samtidigt. Man behöver också möjliggöra implementering av hållbara urbana dagvattensystem i nya områden eller anpassa områden som redan är bebyggda. Detta kan bidra till att skapa urbana områden som kan hantera klimatförändringarnas och urbaniseringens utmaningar, och skapa multifunktionella, hållbara och översvämningssäkrade områden.

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Vimal, Ruppert. "Des aires protégées aux réseaux écologiques : science, technique et participation pour penser collectivement la durabilité des territoires." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20246/document.

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Les stratégies de conservation de la nature évoluent de la protection stricte d'espaces isolés et dépourvus d'activités humaines, à l'intégration des enjeux de biodiversité dans le développement territorial. Ce changement de perspective, des aires protégées à la territorialisation de l'environnement, suppose de gérer la complexité et d'appréhender la nature collectivement et met l'accent sur les relations entre science, politique et société. Cette thèse, fondée sur une approche pluridisciplinaire, a eu pour objectif l'élaboration de recommandations pour répondre aux enjeux d'une conservation intégrée de la biodiversité. S'inscrivant dans le contexte de l'avènement des stratégies de réseau écologique en France, notre recherche porte à la fois sur les méthodes spatiales et sur les dispositifs socio-techniques en charge de planifier la conservation intégrée de la biodiversité. Chacune de ces parties a mené à des résultats et conclusions qui leur sont propres et a contribué à une réflexion plus globale sur le rôle de l'expertise technique pour répondre à ces nouveaux enjeux. Nous montrons comment une approche trop technique, centrée notamment sur la spatialisation du réseau écologique, tend non seulement à limiter le partage au sein du collectif et donc l'adhésion des acteurs mais aussi à fournir une vision réductrice et partielle des enjeux de conservation. A l'inverse, un positionnement de l'expertise en accompagnement du dialogue territorial favorise l'apprentissage social et aboutit à un cadre d'action publique qui intègre davantage les incertitudes et la complexité du vivant. Le processus participatif doit donc permettre d'opérer un glissement de l'expertise technique comme fondement de l'action publique à l'expertise collective qui assure l'intégration des savoirs et savoirs-faire de tous. Ainsi l'enjeu n'est pas celui du compromis entre science, technique et débat social mais plutôt celui de la gestion de leur interaction et de leur complémentarité
Nature conservation strategies evolve from the strict protection of isolated and devoid of human activity spaces, to the integration of biodiversity issues in territory development. This change in perspective requires the development of a collective management of complexity and a collective conception of nature and highlights the developing relationship between science, policy and society.Based on a multidisciplinary approach, the objective of this thesis was the elaboration of recommendations for integrated conservation. In the context of the advent of ecological network strategies in France, our research concerns both the spatial methods and the socio-technical process which are in charge of the conservation planning. The analysis of these two issues has produced results pertinent to each theme and more general reflection concerning the role of technical expertise in the development of such new issues. We show how an overly technical approach, which notably aims to spatially identify the network, tends to limit the collective sharing of major issues and thus the adherence of the stakeholders to conservation goals, and also provide a reductive and partial vision of conservation issues. In contrast, a position of expertise which accompanies the dialogue on territory favors social learning and leads to a framework for public action which more fully integrates both the uncertainty and complexity of the natural world. The participative process could thus allow tfor a transition from technical to collective expertise as the foundation of public action, which ensures the inclusion of general knowledge and know-how. In this way, the issue is not of a compromise between science, technique and social debate, but of the way that they can complement each other through interaction and how this interaction may be conducted

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Jansson, Hanna. "Förutsättningar för implementering av mångfunktionella grönblå strukturer : En kvalitativ studie av Hyllie i Malmö stad." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Miljöförändring, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-166689.

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Stadsplanerare står inför framtida utmaningar med fortsätt förtätning av städer och ökade risker i och med klimatförändringarna. För att få plats för alla samhällsfunktioner som behövs i de kompakta städerna, däribland klimatanpassningsåtgärder, finns det ett behov av mångfunktionella lösningar. Grönblå infrastruktur har en mångfunktionell karaktär och kan användas för att kombinera hantering av översvämningar, värmeböljor och andra samhällsfunktioner i samma lösningar. Trots att dessa fördelar är tydliga i forskningen kvarstår det svårigheter i att implementera lösningarna i praktiken. Syftet med denna uppsats är att studera förutsättningar för implementering av mångfunktionella grönblå lösningar. Detta har gjorts i tidigare studier, men inte med fokus på planering av nya stadsdelar, vilket kommer vara fokus i denna studie där stadsdelen Hyllie i Malmö används som studieobjekt. Analysen grundas på kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med tjänstemän från olika avdelningar på kommunen som är involverade i stadsplaneringen. Resultatet visar att de främsta förutsättningarna för implementering är väl fungerande samverkan, kunskap, regleringsmöjligheter, finansiella resurser och politiskt stöd för prioritering av grönblå strukturer. För att förbättra dessa förutsättningar finns det möjligheter för kommunen att utveckla samverkan inom organisationen och med utomstående aktörer och gå mot mer förenade mål och gemensamt ansvar. En annan möjlighet är att genom arbetet i pilotprojekt utveckla nya lösningar för reglering samt öka kunskapen om grönblå strukturer. Här är utmaningen att integrera erfarenheterna i projekten i kommunens kärnarbete.
Urban planners will have to handle future challenges due to the densification of cities and the increased risks resulting from climate change. In order to accommodate all the community functions needed in the compact cities, including climate adaptation measures, there is a need for multifunctional solutions. Green-blue infrastructure is multifunctional in its nature and can be used to combine management of floods, heat waves and other community functions in the same solutions. Although these benefits are clear in research, difficulties remain in implementing the solutions in practice. The aim of this paper is to study the prerequisites for implementing multifunctional green-blue solutions. This has been done in previous studies, but not with a focus on planning new neighbourhoods, which will be the focus of this study where the Hyllie district in Malmö is used as a study object. The analysis is based on qualitative semi-structured interviews with officials from various departments of the municipality who are involved in urban planning. The results show that the main prerequisites for implementation are well-functioning collaboration, knowledge, regulatory opportunities, financial resources and political support for prioritizing green-blue structures. To improve these conditions, there are opportunities for the municipality to develop collaboration within the organization and with external actors and move towards more unified goals and shared responsibility. Another possibility is to work with pilot projects to develop new solutions for regulation and to increase the knowledge of green-blue structures. Here, the challenge is to integrate the experience of the projects into the municipality's core work.

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Rolo, Daniella Aparecida de Mattos de Oliveira. "Adaptação às mudanças climáticas baseada em ecossistemas (AbE): análise da revitalização do córrego do sapé (São Paulo)." Universidade Nove de Julho, 2017. http://bibliotecatede.uninove.br/handle/tede/1756.

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The revitalization of urban rivers and streams plays an important role in the quest for environmental sustainability in cities. Notwithstanding the environmental degradation that affects their watercourses, cities are also suffering the impacts of another relevant process that deteriorates the environmental quality, climate change. To face climate change, in addition to mitigation measures, it is imperative to adopt adaptation measures. Green and blue infrastructure are solutions that reconcile engineering, plant restoration and water quality maintenance, which add ecosystem services to the revitalization of urban drainage, and may include ecosystem-based adaptation measures. In this context, the general objective of the research is the revitalization of urban streams in the promotion of measures to adapt to climate change based on ecosystems (EbA), from the case of the Sape stream. With this, we add the specific objectives in order to characterize the activities of the revitalization process of Sapé stream as a green and blue infrastructure; To identify the ecosystem services associated with the revitalization process of Sapé stream; To analyze the ecosystem services associated with the urban and environmental improvements promoted in the revitalization process in relation to measures of EbA and to evaluate if the EBAs meet the recommended in the Adaptation Plan to climate change in the Ministry of the Environment (MMA). This research has a qualitative and exploratory purpose. The sources of evidence for the accomplishment of the case study refer to: bibliographic research, documentary research, field data collection and semi-structured interviews. The results were obtained through documental, bibliographic analysis and interviews analyzed by the software IRAMUTEQ, after a comparison of the literature with the EbA found in the place. Finally, it is concluded that the recognition that urban drainage revitalization programs lead to EbA measures can contribute to a more in-depth discussion of the scope of public programs that aim to reverse the current degradation of urban rivers.
A revitalização dos rios e córregos urbanos assume um papel relevante na busca pela sustentabilidade ambiental nas cidades. Não obstante o quadro de degradação ambiental que afeta seus cursos d´água, as cidades também vêm sofrendo os impactos de outro relevante processo que deteriora a qualidade ambiental, as mudanças climáticas. Para enfrentar as mudanças climáticas, além das medidas de mitigação, se faz premente a adoção de medidas de adaptação. Infraestrutura azul revelam-se soluções que conciliam medidas de engenharia, de recomposição vegetal e de manutenção da qualidade de água, que agregam serviços ecossistêmicos na revitalização de drenagens urbanas e podem abranger medidas de adaptação baseada em ecossistemas. Nesse contexto, insere-se o objetivo geral da pesquisa que consiste na revitalização de córregos urbanos quanto à promoção de medidas de adaptação a mudanças climáticas baseada em ecossistemas (AbE), a partir do caso do córrego do Sapé. Com isso soma-se os objetivos específicos a fim de caracterizar as atividades do processo de revitalização do córrego do Sapé enquanto infraestrutura verde e azul; identificar os serviços ecossistêmicos associados ao processo de revitalização do córrego do Sapé; analisar os serviços ecossistêmicos associados as melhorias urbanas e ambientais promovidas no processo de revitalização quanto a medidas de AbE e avaliar se as eventuais AbE atendem o preconizado no Plano de Adaptação à mudança do clima no Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA). Esta pesquisa tem caráter qualitativa e de objetivo exploratório. As fontes de evidências para consecução do estudo de caso referem-se a: pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental, levantamento de dados de campo e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados foram obtidos por meio da análise documental, bibliográfica e entrevistas analisadas pelo software IRAMUTEQ, após foi feito uma comparação da literatura com as AbE encontrada no local. Por fim conclui-se que o reconhecimento de que programas de revitalização de drenagens urbanas ensejam medidas de AbE permite contribuir para uma discussão mais aprofundada do alcance dos programas públicos que visam reverter o quadro de degradação atual dos rios urbanos.

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Peifer, Kayla Seo. "Blue white green." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2756.

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Debray, Adèle. "La trame verte et bleue, vecteur de changement des politiques de protection de la nature ou des politiques d'aménagement ?" Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR1802/document.

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Le changement d’approche de la conservation de la nature est à l’oeuvre, et se manifeste aujourd'hui à travers des politiques fondées sur le concept scientifique de réseau écologique. Celui-ci est considéré comme l’expression du « troisième temps de la conservation », en ce qu’il vient compléter les approches antérieures de la nature, centrées prioritairement sur la création d’aires protégées. Le réseau écologique doit permettre de répondre plus efficacement aux enjeux de maintien de la biodiversité : il met l’accent sur le besoin d’établir des corridors entre les habitats naturels, afin de favoriser la mobilité et le brassage des populations animales et végétales. En France, la trame verte et bleue (TVB) est un nouvel objet politique publique qui concrétise cette approche dynamique de la conservation. La thèse porte sur le processus de territorialisation de la TVB, à travers une méthode par études de cas. L’objectif central de ce travail est d’examiner les effets de la TVB sur la mise en oeuvre de l’action publique, en considérant celle-ci comme un vecteur potentiel de changement des politiques de protection de la nature et/ou des politiques d’aménagement. Ces politiques sont respectivement étudiées aux échelles régionale et locale
The change of approach in the conservation of nature is at work, embodied today by policies based on the scientific concept of ecological network. This concept is the expression of the "third step of conservation", complementing previous approaches, mainly focused on creating protected areas. The ecological network should provide better responses to the challenges of maintaining biodiversity: it emphasizes the need to set up bridges between natural environments, to stimulate mobility and mixing of plant and animal populations. In France, the green and blue infrastructure (TVB) is a new public policy entity, which materializes this dynamic approach to conservation. The thesis covers the process of territorialization of TVB, using a case study based methodology. The core of this work is to assess the effects of TVB on public policies, considering it a potential game changer in nature conservation policies and/or land-planning policies. These policies are studied at both regional and local scales

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Lilienthal, R. M. "Blue-green-blue, United Nations Peacekeeping in the 1990s." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0006/MQ44850.pdf.

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Wietgrefe, Wade Wesley. "Infrastructure Planning: A Green Approach." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/190409.

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Youngquist, Timothy Dennis. "What is green infrastructure? an evaluation of green infrastructure plans from across the United States /." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1464412.

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Miles, Lisa. "Split infinity (no blue, no green)." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5573.

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Karlsson, Hanna. "Green Not Blue : Building for Recovery." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkitekthögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-133160.

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Sandström, Ulf G. "Biodiversity and green infrastructure in urban landscapes /." Örebro : Örebro universitetsbibliotek, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-69.

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KOPPLIN, STEPHANIE NICOLE BALTODANO. "GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING: OPTIONS FOR ALTERNATIVE DEVELOPMENT." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/190659.

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Cetin, Lauren Marie. "Evaluation of Green Stormwater Infrastructure Monitoring Protocols." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83612.

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Due to development of once natural landscapes, also referred to as urbanization, stormwater management has evolved in an effort to address and counteract impairment of waterways in the United States by extensively implementing best management practices (BMPs) or Green Stormwater Infrastructure (GSI). Facilities are installed without any requirement of long-term monitoring; instead relying on lab-tested or assumed pollutant removal efficiencies that often do not translate into field implementation and do not perform as intended and required by regulatory agencies. Monitoring studies have often been applied with variable standards, which lead to inconsistent results and inconclusive data. This study aims to synthesize essential components of a GSI monitoring program based on a review of existing programs (Technology Assessment Protocol – Ecology [TAPE], Technology Assessment Reciprocity Partnership [TARP], etc.). Data from past protocols was used in tandem with historic precipitation data to develop a methodology for creating a local or small region-specific protocol. This methodology was applied to the case study area of Fairfax, Virginia. Results from the study indicate that historic precipitation data and past protocol recommendations can be effectively applied in a local setting to create a more suitable protocol adapted for GSI monitoring in order to confirm designed efficiency.
Master of Science

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Upchurch, Meredith. "Green Infrastructure: The Landscape of Urban EcoHousing." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32859.

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Cities are facing environmental crises like never before, with problems of excess water runoff, degraded water quality, air pollution, and energy use reaching critical levels. The development of urban areas and the built environment is the primary cause of these problems and the built environment needs to be a part of the solution. This design thesis project produces a prototype design for the Urban EcoHousing development on a city block in Alexandria, Virginia. Design goals for the project connect the â Ecological Services of the Urban Landscapeâ to the â Rights of the Urban EcoHousing Residentâ to create livable green spaces that can serve ecological functions and give the residents spaces to use. A comparison study with a conventional housing development at the same location illustrates that ecohousing can meet the requirements of the conventional development while providing superior results for the residents and the environment.
Master of Landscape Architecture

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Sisco, Nicholas D. "Unearthing Soil Science in Green Infrastructure Planning." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1530270280777253.

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Palomo, Isaac. "Implementing Green Infrastructure to Address Urban Flooding." The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626201.

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Vacková, Michaela. "Urbanistická opatření pro efektivní hospodaření s povrchovou vodou v zastavěných územích." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-320340.

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One of the main challenges in promoting rainwater management into practise is the fact that it was not recognized as an interdisciplinary issue. We should seek ways how to open the problem to other professions, specially for architects and urban planners, who are the key element of its farther development. This work analyzes the reasons of this unsatisfactory state of rainwater management in the Czech Republic and it defines the possible ways how to remedy this state and outlines scenarios of its further development. The default document of the work is czech technical standard "TNV 75 9010 Hospodaření se srážkovými vodami". The new methodological guide, which is part of this work, is based on it. The work extends the range of measures which are mentioned in the standard. It brings new ways for assessing the benefits of the various measures to streamline the application of rainwater management measures in urban space.

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Carlet, Fanny. "Understanding perceptions and adoption of green stormwater infrastructure." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/47358.

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Building on existing theories of diffusion of innovation and technology acceptance, the object of this study is to investigate how municipal officials' perceptions of key attributes of green infrastructure influence their attitudes toward adoption. In addition, this dissertation provide useful insights into the relationship between the diversity of green infrastructure tools that local jurisdictions across the US support with policies or programs, and the factors influencing adoption. A key feature of this study is a nationwide survey conducted among US city stormwater managers, planners and other public officials, whose responses were combined with secondary data and analyzed using multiple regression techniques. Findings indicate that municipal officials' perceptions of relative advantage, compatibility, trialability, and perceived resources are significant predictor of favorable disposition toward adoption, while perceived risk has a negative influence on attitudes. In addition, the level of environmental awareness and support has the greatest impact on the number of green infrastructure strategies jurisdictions have adopted. Based on the analysis in this study, proponents of green stormwater infrastructure will be better prepared to promote diffusion of these strategies at the local level.
Ph. D.

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Wencel, Matthew. "Planning for Green Infrastructure in Anderson Township, Ohio." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1321368894.

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Park, Yujin. "Essays in Geospatial Modeling of Urban Green Infrastructure." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1588547971708147.

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Locicero, Ryan Charles Robert. "Mainstreaming Green Infrastructure: The Nexus of Infrastructure and Education Using the Green Space Based Learning (GSBL) Approach for Bioretention Plant Selection." Scholar Commons, 2015. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5531.

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The Green Space Based Learning (GSBL) approach builds on a long-term partnership between a Research I university, surrounding community, and local school district, transforming underutilized community green space into an interactive educational tool to addresses national infrastructure and educational challenges. The GSBL approach is an educational platform for engaging K-12 and the local community in engineering design and construction of sustainable Green Infrastructure (GI) projects. GSBL was piloted as a part of a federally funded Research Experience for Teachers (RET) program in which teachers participated in two intensive 6-week summer research experiences and two consecutive academic year components. The summer experience focuses on the development of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematic (STEM) lessons and activities that meet Common Core and Next Generation Science Standards and the dissemination of the RET research experience. Approximately 400 K-12 students and teachers participated in both formal and informal educational activities that led to GSBL approach outputs throughout the academic year. These outputs included 4 Campus GI Challenge's for identifying areas of implementation and student driven GI design, the publication of 7 curricular products, the design and installation of 70 personal rain gardens and 8 bioretention cells (a type of GI), one of which was designed as a field scale research site within the Hillsborough County Public Schools (HCPS) district. The eight bioretention cells, seven of which are on three public school campuses and one located at a local community leader's house were designed and implemented as a result of university research, K-12 outreach, and community engagement. These sites were selected based on one or more hotspot factors (e.g. localized areas of flooding, access to site, presence of learning space, willingness to pay, property ownership, visibility of location) and designed to restore the hydrology and water quality to pre-development conditions. The bioretention cells were designed to capture a storm-event ranging from 1.27 cm to 2.54 cm and cost between $550 and $1,650 to construct depending on the design scope, scale, and installation methods. The installed bioretention systems route stormwater runoff to a ponding area sized approximately 2-5% of the total catchment area, are designed to capture between 31% and 67% of annual runoff (March 2010 - March 2015), and attenuate between 97,500 and 226,100 mg N annually. The educational sites were used to provide insight into hydraulic performance, maintenance requirements, and nutrient management impacts associated with bioretention design. Three of the bioretention cells (BR 1, BR 2, and BR 3) were used as a field research site for collecting bioretention plant performance data on 12 Florida native plant species, Coreopsis leavenworthii, Flaveria linearis, Salvia coccinea, Solidago fistulosa, Canna flaccida, Tradescantia ohiensis, Tripsacum dactyloides, Hymenocallis latifolia, Iris virginica, Sisyrinchium angustifolium, Spartina patens, and Equisetum hyemale. Mean baseline accumulated nitrogen concentration for tested species was 18.24 ± 5.76 mg N/g biomass. This compared to a harvested mean concentration rate of 12.28 ± 2.23 mg N/g biomass, a reduction of uptake capacity of nearly 33% after two growing seasons. This study found a similarity in mean total nitrogen concentration between baseline and harvested plant species for Flaveria linearis, Sisyrinchium angustifolium, Solidago fistulosa, Canna flaccida, Salvia coccinea, Spartina patens, and Coreopsis leavenworthii and a significant difference in means for Equisetum hyemale, Iris virginica, Salvia coccinea, and Tradescantia ohiensis. These harvested data were used to calculate mean total nitrogen concentration per square meter with Sisyrinchium angustifolium, Equisetum hyemale, Spartina patens, Solidago fistulosa, Salvia coccinea, Coreopsis leavenworthii, Iris virginica ranging from 286 mg N/m2 to 4,539 mg N/m2, and Canna flaccida, Flaveria linearis, Tradescantia ohiensis ranging from 12,428 mg N/m2 to 15,409 mg N/m2. Seven of the twelve species (Flaveria linearis, Equisetum hyemale, Iris virginica, Tripsacum dactyloides, Coreopsis leavenworthii, Salvia coccinea, Tradescantia ohiensis) displayed highly desirable results, ranking (>0.20x̅) when evaluated across 10 quantitative attributes and assessed for their applicability for the subtropical Tampa Bay area. This research developed a plant selection utility index (PSI) that allows for individual plant scoring based on qualitative and quantitative plant selection criteria. The qualitative PSI was used to evaluate 26 native and regionally friendly plant species commonly found within the subtropical Tampa Bay climate to provide an example and act as a template for selecting plant species. The qualitative PSI scores categorized the identified plant species as highly desirable (n=4, PSI ≥ 80), Flaveria linearis, Tripsacum dactyloides, Salvia coccinea, and Chamaecrista fasciculata; moderately desirable (n=15, 80 > PSI ≥65), Solidago fistulosa, Hymenocallis latifolia, Canna flaccida, Tradescantia ohiensis, Arachis glabrata, Mimosa strigillosa, Callicarpa Americana, Penta lanceolata, Monarda punctate, Muhlenbergia capillaris, Helianthus debilis, Glandularia tampensis, Silphium asteriscus, Stachytarpheta jamaicensis, and Coreopsis lanceolata; and least desirable (n=7, PSI < 65) Spartina patens, Equisetum hyemale, Sisyrinchium angustifolium, Iris virginica, Coreopsis leavenworthii, Myrcianthus fragrans, Zamia puila. The quantitative PSI was used to evaluate attributes of 11 of the 26 species within a 32.5 m2 field-scale bioretention system (BR 1, BR 2, and BR 3) ter two-growing seasons. The tested species scored as highly desirable (n=2, PSI ≥ 70) for Salvia coccinea, Tradescantia ohiensis; moderately desirable (n=5, 70 > PSI ≥ 50) for Equisetum hyemale, Sisyrinchium angustifolium, Solidago fistulosa, Iris virginica, Coreopsis leavenworthii, and least desirable (n=4, PSI < 50) for Spartina patens, Flaveria linearis, Canna flaccida, Hymenocallis latifolia. Both qualitative and quantitative scores were combined on a 0-200 scale to provide a list of recommended species based, ranking from high to low: Salvia coccinea (PSI=160), Tradescantia ohiensis (PSI = 148), Sisyrinchium angustifolium (PSI =127), Flaveria linearis (PSI = 125), Solidago fistulosa (PSI = 124), Iris virginica (PSI =121), Coreopsis leavenworthii (PSI = 117), Equisetum hyemale (PSI = 114), Canna flaccida (PSI = 104), Spartina patens (PSI = 103), Hymenocallis latifolia (PSI =90).

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36

Parsons, Jennifer Kathleen Hendryx. "ROx3: Retinal Oximetry Utilizing the Blue-Green Oximetry Method." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/338698.

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The ROx is a retinal oximeter under development with the purpose of non-invasively and accurately measuring oxygen saturation (SO₂) in vivo. It is novel in that it utilizes the blue-green oximetry technique with on-axis illumination. ROx calibration tests were performed by inducing hypoxia in live anesthetized swine and comparing ROx measurements to SO₂ values measured by a CO-Oximeter. Calibration was not achieved to the precision required for clinical use, but limiting factors were identified and improved. The ROx was used in a set of sepsis experiments on live pigs with the intention of tracking retinal SO₂ during the development of sepsis. Though conclusions are qualitative due to insufficient calibration of the device, retinal venous SO₂ is shown to trend generally with central venous SO₂ as sepsis develops. The novel sepsis model developed in these experiments is also described. The method of cecal ligation and perforation with additional soiling of the abdomen consistently produced controllable severe sepsis/septic shock in a matter of hours. In addition, the ROx was used to collect retinal images from a healthy human volunteer. These experiments served as a bench test for several of the additions/modifications made to the ROx. This set of experiments specifically served to illuminate problems with various light paths and image acquisition. The analysis procedure for the ROx is under development, particularly automating the process for consistency, accuracy, and time efficiency. The current stage of automation is explained, including data acquisition processes and the automated vessel fit routine. Suggestions for the next generation of device minimization are also described.

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37

Mahasneh, Ihsan Ali. "Iron accumulation by blue-green algae from saline environments." Thesis, Durham University, 1988. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6417/.

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A study was made on morphological and cytological features of four Rivulariaceae strains from marine, partially saline and freshwater environments using three versions of saline and freshwater media (standard. - Fe. low P). A brackish Anabaena sp. was used for comparison. Subculture to - Fe medium led to marked changes in morphology and cytology. These were (base to apex): a series of new heterocysts apical to the original one. Intra-thylakoldal vacuolation. Lack of cyanophycin granules, presence of polyphosphate granules, pale colour, brown sheath, short hair and low hairiness. With low P medium, the changes were the opposite. Hairs did not form in Calpthrix D253 in saline medium, whether the cultures were in - Fe or low P medium. Downshift from saline to freshwater medium led to the synchronized development of hairs in most trichomes. Whereas the reciprocal upshift led to loss of hairs. The Fe content was studied in three Rivulariaceae and Anabaena in batch culture in high and low P media, which eventually led to Fe- and P- limitation. respectively. The content reached a maximum by 24 h in all strains, decreasing subsequently from 1.80 - 0.06 % dry weight. Siderophore production was tested in four Rivulariaceae and Anabaena in saline and freshwater media. Two Calothrlx strains and Anabaena produced a siderophore in freshwater medium. Influence of Fe status on nitrogenase activity was tested in two Rivulariaceae and Anabaena in saline and freshwater media during batch culture. Peaks of nitrogenase activity in the former came three to five days after the Fe peak, by which stage Fe content had dropped to within the range 0.6 - 0.3 % dry weight. In contrast, peak activity in Anabaena came within a day of the Fe peak. Addition of Fe to Fe-limited cultures led to rapid increase in activity. The significance of these data on morphology, cytology and physiology and possible interactions between Fe- and P-limitation are discussed.

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38

Hammitt, Sarah A. (Sarah Ann). "Toward sustainable stormwater management : overcoming barriers to green infrastructure." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59735.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-83).
With their high concentrations of impervious surface, urban areas generate stormwater runoff that overwhelms existing infrastructure causing flooding, sewer overflows, water pollution, and habitat degradation. Under pressure to find cost-effective, environmentally sustainable, and socially responsible solutions to stormwater management, cities are looking to green infrastructure. The term "green infrastructure," when used for stormwater management, denotes design techniques, such as raingardens, green roofs, permeable pavement, street trees, and rain barrels, that infiltrate, evapotranspirate, capture, and reuse stormwater onsite. With the added benefits of improving air quality, land values, wildlife habitat, urban heat island, and urban aesthetics, some decision-makers view green infrastructure as a silver bullet solution to address climate change, water quality, and other urban issues. As cities move to create neighborhood- and citywide-scale green infrastructure plans, my thesis explores the common barriers that cities face when implementing green infrastructure, as well as tactics that have been used to overcome those barriers. The realities of implementation indicate that cities seeking to scale up green infrastructure should plan on expanding public participation and awareness-raising, strengthening interdepartmental coordination and partnerships within the community, building the technical capacity of the public and the government, and developing innovative ways to continuously engage and motivate individuals.
by Sarah A. Hammitt.
M.C.P.

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Madden, Sarah (Sarah Anne). "Choosing green over gray : Philadelphia's innovative stormwater infrastructure plan." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59750.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 44-49).
All modem cities-characterized by paved roads, rooftops, parking lots, and impacted soils-have serious problems with stormwater, and those problems are only growing as urbanization proceeds and climate change causes more severe weather events. Historically, cities have used gray infrastructure to manage stormwater; this is not only costly but causes an array of environmental problems. Proponents have long advocated using a green infrastructure approach, which has numerous advantages over traditional gray infrastructure systems. Nevertheless, very few U.S. cities have invested in green infrastructure on a significant scale. The question, then, is why have cities resisted adopting green infrastructure, and what would it take for them to choose a landscape-based approach to stormwater management over a conventional engineering solution? To answer this question, I studied a city that recently decided to embrace green infrastructure in a big way: Philadelphia. I argue that (i) new stormwater regulations and the 1990 withdrawal of federal funding changed the constraints and incentives for the city to make green infrastructure viable, particularly for a cash-strapped city; (2) a policy entrepreneur in the Philadelphia Water Department did two key things in preparation for a future policy window: he created an office organized around watersheds, and began redefining the problem; and (3) the policy entrepreneur capitalized on a regulatory policy window, the Combined Sewer Overflow Long Term Control Plan Update, that garnered momentum from the city's decision to "re-brand" itself as a green city and galvanized support for the $1.6 billion plan for green infrastructure across the city. These conclusions are supported by evidence from Philadelphia's decision to adopt a green infrastructure approach to manage runoff. Finally, I discuss the implications of these findings and make recommendations for the implementation of the plan.
by Sarah Madden.
M.C.P.

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40

Costa, Ana Luísa Arrais Falcão Beja da. "Mangroves of Maputo. Towards urban resilience through green infrastructure." Doctoral thesis, ISA, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21196.

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Doutoramento em Arquitetura Paisagista e Ecologia Urbana - Instituto Superior de Agronomia. Universidade de Lisboa / Faculdade de Ciências. Universidade do Porto / Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia. Universidade de Coimbra
Cities in Africa, where the most remarkable forthcoming developments in the global pattern of urbanization are expected, and quite notably in Sub-Saharan cities such as Maputo, are experiencing accelerating population increases. As a consequence of this growth urban infrastructures are being stressed beyond capacity and there is increased pressure on the existent valuable ecosystems. In recent times, and mostly due to foreign intervention, investments have been welcomed into Maputo’s grey urban infrastructure network whereas little attention has been given to green infrastructure. In the city’s coastal plains, the recently constructed Maputo ring road and the Katembe bridge are drawing urban development towards the last stretch of vacant land of the Municipality, compromising the mangrove ecosystems and flood plains of this territory. Based on the hypothesis that mangroves have the potential to become a structuring element for the improvement of resilience in self-produced neighbourhoods on the coastal plains, the aim of this research is to contribute towards the outline of an urban green infrastructure for the coastal areas of Maputo, as a strategy to accommodate current and future urban development challenges, not only as biophysical networks that can create urban socio-ecological networks that improve urban resilience through a stewardship of ecosystems, but also as an ecosystem-based approach for adaptation to climate change. Considering the specific dynamics of Sub-Southern African cities, where research and planning around environmental issues is in very early stages, it is urgent to promote research and design strategies to tackle the problematics of urban development in ecologically sensitive and landscape valuable areas. This research thus expects to anticipate the sustainable development of Maputo, exploring the potential of its coastal landscape for the establishment of an urban green infrastructure
N/A

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41

Delclaux, Julie. "Gestion du paysage en faveur du réseau écologique. : Modes de gouvernance, représentations et pratiques dans les espaces agricoles." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2036.

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Les politiques de conservation de la biodiversité ne concernent plus seulement aujourd’hui des espaces protégés, mais également des réseaux où l’enjeu est de préserver et restaurer les continuités entre habitats afin de favoriser les circulations des populations animales et végétales. Ce nouveau regard élargit les territoires de la conservation aux espaces de nature ordinaire, tels que les espaces agricoles, où les processus écologiques et les activités humaines sont fortement imbriqués. Ce travail de thèse s’intéresse à la mise en œuvre, à travers une gestion du paysage en faveur du réseau écologique, d’une stratégie de conservation intégrée de la biodiversité dans les espaces agricoles. Pour cela, nous étudions les modes de gouvernance, les représentations et les pratiques de cette conservation à différentes échelles par des approches associant méthodes d’analyse qualitative et quantitative. A l’échelle nationale et régionale, nous interrogeons les évolutions des représentations sociales des relations entre agriculture et biodiversité au moyen d’une analyse de contenu de la presse quotidienne. A l’échelle régionale et territoriale, nous comparons la gouvernance et la mise en œuvre d’un outil contractuel de la politique Trame verte et bleue sur trois études de cas, à partir d’entretiens semi-directifs et d’observations participantes. A l’échelle de l’exploitation agricole, nous identifions par des entretiens semi-directifs, les modalités d’intégration de la biodiversité comme facteur de décision des pratiques des agriculteurs et leurs représentations de la biodiversité et des éléments semi-naturels arborés. Nos résultats mettent en évidence que le paysage est un outil propice à l’insertion de la biodiversité dans les espaces agricoles, et à celle des acteurs locaux dans la conservation, à condition qu’il soit considéré dans sa pluralité de conceptions et de représentations. Cependant, autour des réseaux écologiques, la notion de paysage qui fait référence reste largement celle de l’écologie et celle-ci peine à inclure la dimension agricole et les agriculteurs. Nous discutons des apports théoriques et méthodologiques de ces résultats et de leurs perspectives scientifiques et appliquées en géographie de la conservation
Biodiversity conservation no longer only concerns protected areas. It is also a matter of ecological network. Ecological corridors between habitats participate in the circulation of animal and plant populations. This new perspective extends the scope of conservation to ordinary nature and areas where ecological processes and human activities are strongly intertwined, such as agricultural areas. This study focuses on the implementation of integrated biodiversity conservation in agricultural areas through landscape management for ecological network. We study the modes of governance, representations and practices on several scales, mixing qualitative and quantitative analyses. At the national and regional scales, changes in social representations of the relationship between agriculture and biodiversity are examined with a content analysis of French media. At the regional and local scale, we compare, in three case studies, the modes of governance of a contractual tool of the French ecological network policy: the Green and Blue infrastructure ("Trame verte et bleue"). For this purpose, we use semi-structured interviews and participant observations. At farm scale, we identify with semi-structured interviews, the ways in which biodiversity can be included as a factor in decision–making practices, and we investigate the farmers’ representations of biodiversity and landscape elements. We show the importance of taking into account the diversity of conceptions and representations of landscape by farmers and all stakeholders for successful integrated biodiversity conservation. In the design and implementation of ecological network policies, the predominant conception of landscape is ecological and therefore has difficulty in including the agricultural issues and farmers’ views. Finally, we discuss the theoretical, methodological and practical implications of our results in conservation geography

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42

Scott, Caroline Daphne. "The role of blue-green algae as marine fouling organisms." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282555.

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43

DeCagna, Drew. "Inhibiting enzymatic formation of blue-green pigments in garlic cloves." Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15517.

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Master of Science
Food Science - Animal Sciences & Industry
Fadi Aramouni
Blue-green pigments have the ability to form in crushed and whole garlic cloves following a rapid series of enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions. Economic losses associated with a reduction in organoleptic quality of garlic (Allium sativum L.) containing blue-green pigments can be incurred. Preventing blue-green pigment formation can mitigate potential financial and brand equity damages. To prevent pigment formation, inactivation of the enzyme which yields pigment substrates is essential. Two methods to inactivate the enzyme associated with pigment formation were explored: blanch treatment of whole garlic cloves (100°C, 5 min); and soaking of whole, non-blanched garlic cloves in low pH (<3.0) acetic or citric acid pickling solutions for seven days. The blanching treatment was effective in inactivating the enzyme as the pigment substrate decreased by approximately 99% as compared with pigment substrate concentrations in non-blanched garlic cloves. Soaking whole garlic cloves in low pH (<3.0) pickling solutions did not result in enzyme inactivation as pigments formed in cloves soaked in the acetic acid pickling solutions; however pigments did not form in cloves soaked in the citric acid pickling solution. This may be due to the different effect mono- and poly-carboxylic acids have on the permeability of garlic cell membranes. Blanching garlic cloves can be implemented as a processing step to prevent pigment formation. Soaking garlic in a low pH pickling solution comprised of a poly-carboxylic acid does not inactivate the enzyme associated with pigment formation but pigment formation can be prevented. Other methods presented in the literature to prevent pigment formation include controlling growth, harvest and storage conditions, as well as treating garlic clove homogenates with chemical additives.

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44

Sining, Zhang. "Urban green infrastructure: sustainable regional development based on landscape services." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667746.

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La aproximación a los servicios del ecosistema ha constituido un campo de investigación puntero en las últimas dos décadas, ya que se trata de una vía efectiva para reforzar la conexión entre los ecosistemas y el bienestar humano. Los servicios de paisajismo, en tanto que una rama de los servicios del ecosistema, han ido suscitado interés académico; sin embargo, no disponemos de una teoría general científica y sistematizada de los servicios de paisajismo. La evaluación y el mapeo de los servicios de paisajismo pueden llevar a cabo, de una manera efectiva, el análisis espacial en una escala específica que ayude a mantener paisajes multifuncionales, así como a planificar infraestructura verde urbana. A su vez, la infraestructura verde puede proporcionar una amplia variedad de servicios y funciones paisajísticos, lo que promueve su sostenibilidad. Aun así, todavía se mantiene el gran desafío relativo a la evaluación cuantitativa y al mapeo de los servicios de paisajismo como apoyo a la planificación urbana y paisajística. Esta tesis adopta la idea de que la aproximación de los servicios de paisajismo es una metodología mucho más adecuada que la de los servicios del ecosistema, puesto que la evaluación y los análisis espaciales de la capacidad de suministro de los servicios de paisajismo funcionarían mejor como guía para planificar infraestructuras verdes urbanas. Además, tomar en cuenta los servicios de paisajismo ofrece la posibilidad de incluir en la definición de las infraestructuras verdes urbanas a un tipo diferente de áreas con diferentes roles que suministren diferentes servicios (medioambientales, culturales). Para verificar las hipótesis, en primer lugar se propone una teoría general de los servicios de paisajismo en el contexto del paisaje, incluyendo su identificación y clasificación, mediante un estudio de caso (Parque Natural de Collserola) que justifica en qué situaciones estos servicios pueden tomar el relevo a los servicios del ecosistema. En segundo lugar, se utilizan varios servicios de paisajismo (eje X) y diferentes usos del suelo (eje Y) para crear una matriz de evaluación de servicios de paisajismo que contribuya a evaluar y a mapear el suministro de servicios de paisajismo. En el estudio de caso se toma el municipio de Barcelona para analizar las características de la distribución espacial de los servicios de paisajismo. A continuación, se identifican las posibles áreas espaciales características —es decir, las que pueden suministrar servicios de paisajismo, las infértiles y las obstruidas— mediante la superposición de mapas de evaluación de servicios de paisajismo. Finalmente, y sobre esta base, se ofrece una referencia para la planificación de infraestructuras verdes urbanas a través del reconocimiento de áreas protegidas prioritarias, áreas de nueva construcción, áreas potenciales y áreas de renovación. En estas distintas áreas se proporcionan varias estrategias para planificar tanto infraestructuras verdes urbanas como paisajes, donde se incluyen: (1) protección y mantenimiento de los espacios verdes de alta calidad existentes y de patrimonio paisajístico y cultural en las áreas protegidas prioritarias; (2) protección de los servicios culturales existentes y consideración de la demanda de nuevos servicios paisajísticos en áreas de nueva construcción; (3) identificación y regeneración de nuevos espacios verdes en parcelas vacías de los centros urbanos mediante el uso de estrategias innovadoras (por ejemplo, cubierta y paredes verdes); (4) se debería emprender una renovación ecológica y aplicar medidas de restauración en las áreas de renovación. En resumen, este trabajo pretende establecer una metodología para planificar mejor la infraestructura verde urbana basándose en la aproximación de los servicios de paisajismo, y proporcionar una nueva visión para promover un desarrollo sostenible regional con la integración del concepto y del enfoque de los servicios de paisajismo en la planificación de infraestructuras verdes urbanas.
The ecosystems services approach has represented a hot research area in academia during the past two decades as it is an effective way of strengthening the connection between ecosystems and human well-being. Landscape services, as a particular way of ecosystem services, have been increasingly valued highly by researchers. However, the scientific and systematic general theory of landscape services is still blank. Landscape services assessment and mapping can effectively carry out the spatial analysis on a specific scale that helps to maintain multi-functional landscapes and plan urban green infrastructure. In return, green infrastructure can deliver a wide variety of landscape functions and services, which promotes landscape sustainability. However, there is still a huge challenge regarding quantitative assessment and mapping of landscape services to support urban / landscape planning. This dissertation assumes landscape services approach is a much better and suitable methodology than ecosystem services approach, so the assessment and spatial analysis of the supply capacity of landscape services would be better guide urban green infrastructure planning. Besides, the consideration of landscape services offers the possibility for including in the definition of urban green infrastructures a different type of areas playing different roles and supplying different services (environmental plus cultural). In order to verify the hypotheses, first, this study proposes the general theory of landscape services in the context of landscape, including identification and classification, through the case study (the Collserola Natural Park) that justifying in which situation the landscape services can replace the ecosystem services. Second, this study uses various landscape services (as X-axis) and different land use types (as Y-axis) to build a landscape service assessment matrix, which contributes to assess and map the supply of landscape services. It takes the Barcelona municipality as the case study to analyse the spatial distribution characteristics of landscapes services within the investigation area. Then, this dissertation identifies the possible spatial characteristic areas, which are the landscape services provision, barren and obstructed areas by overlapping the supply of landscape services assessment maps. Finally, on this basis, it provides a reference for urban green infrastructure planning by recognising the priority protected areas, new construction areas, potential areas and renewal areas. In these different areas, several strategies for urban green infrastructure planning and landscape planning are provided, including: (1) the protection and maintenance of the existing high-quality green spaces, landscape and cultural heritage in the priority protected area; (2) the protection of the existing cultural services and consideration of the demand for other landscape services in the new construction area; (3) identification and regeneration of new green spaces in the vacant lots of compact urban cores using innovative strategies (e.g., green roof and wall); (4) ecological renewal and restoration measures should be done in the renewal area. To sum up, this dissertation aims to seek a methodology to plan urban green infrastructure better based on the landscape services approach, and to provide a new vision to promote sustainable regional development by integrating the concept and approach of landscape services into urban green infrastructure planning.

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45

Mell, Ian Caleb. "Green infrastructure : concepts, perceptions and its use in spatial planning." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/914.

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Green infrastructure offers a contemporary approach to the conceptualisation and management of landscape resources. It has developed rapidly in the UK, Europe and North America as a result of the opportunities it has provided in meeting the ecological, economic and social challenges of spatial planning. The attention given to growth in green infrastructure has been supported by the development of a number of overarching principles – principles that provide green infrastructure research with a multilayered understanding of the changing nature of landscape resources. This thesis outlines the complex nature of green infrastructure development, its meanings, its perception and use as an approach to landscape planning. Three key themes are identified. Firstly, by exploring variations in the meanings of green infrastructure this thesis presents an examination of its conceptual development to date. The second explores the role of perceptions in the value and use of green infrastructure resources. It examines the role of ecological, psychological and social constructions of green infrastructure and assesses how these affect personal and communal landscape interpretations. The final theme discusses current green infrastructure use by practitioners. The varied nuances of green infrastructure are outlined and an assessment is given of how the principles of green infrastructure have been translated into appropriate landscape management. Each of these themes explores the relationships between green infrastructure principles, its perceptions (by users), and its use in practice (spatial planning). The themes developed in this thesis identify a number of conceptual and implementation principles for green infrastructure. The roles of integrated planning policy, strategic thinking, multi-functionality, connectivity, and access are discussed in order to highlight the different forms that green infrastructure research has taken. Based on these discussions, this thesis proposes that a green infrastructure approach to planning can be used to meet the complex challenges of current landscape planning. With continued development of green infrastructure, some of the most pressing issues in planning, such as green space planning or sustainable urban development, can be discussed. These issues are discussed throughout the thesis and clear links are made between this exploratory green infrastructure research and planning practice.

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46

Beauchamp, Pierre. "Water-centric approach to developing green infrastructure (framework and cost)." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123225.

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WATER-CENTRIC APPROACH TO DEVELOPING GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: Framework and CostPierre Beauchamp, P. Eng., 15 avril 2014AbstractGreen infrastructure (GI) has emerged as an active term of reference in project development planning. However, elaboration and discussion of integrated frameworks to assist engineering organizations in planning the start-up of new projects are largely absent from GI research literature, particularly in the context of greening and sustainability. The present study attempts to bridge this gap by developing and proposing an integrated framework focused on the start-up development of green projects relating to storm water, water supply, and wastewater.The present study's first objective was to explore the use of fully integrated GI in the engineering design of a biophilic development incorporating sustainability principles. To achieve the desired teamwork, a clear sequence of tasks to define the workflow was required. A review of the literature led to the identification of several different approaches, from which I selected four, improved, and then employed them to build a ready-to-use framework of sequenced tasks. These tasks included all components of water management (precipitation and drainage, water supply and wastewater). A case study in China employed in testing this framework demonstrated that all GI components could be integrated into one approach. While the structuring of an integrated water-centric development (IWCD) approach was found to be applicable to a wide range of projects, appropriate capacity building was critical to its success.In support of the study's second objective, the newly proposed framework was implemented to compare, in the form of a feasibility study, the economic benefits of investment and overall cost of designing green with those of designing conventionally in the case of a new institutional pole for the city of Vaudreuil-Dorion, Quebec, Canada. While the study showed increases in the value of GI projects to mirror the construction costs of such projects, it also found that implementing GI (vs. conventional) infrastructure can result in savings in both construction and life cycle costs. Therefore, GI can provide significant economic benefits to cities.The study showed that a GI project including components from water source to wastewater disposal would cost 15 percent more, at the level of each housing unit, than a conventional infrastructure design. However, the study also demonstrated that the value of each housing unit would be 15 to 27 percent greater in a green neighborhood than in a conventionally designed neighborhood. This would provide an equivalent increase in tax revenues for the municipality. Although many frameworks have been proposed for stimulating a green urban agenda, few have offered a start-up methodology for incorporating biophilia within the engineer's design. This study served to develop a new integrated framework for storm water, wastewater, water supply, and street layout for GI projects.
WATER-CENTRIC APPROACH TO DEVELOPING GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: Framework and CostPierre Beauchamp, ing. 15 avril 2014RésuméLe thème des infrastructures vertes (GI) est devenu un terme de référence dans la planification du développement des projets. Toutefois, les approches intégrées pour aider les organisations d'ingénierie dans la planification de la mise en place de nouveaux projets verts sont largement absents de la littérature, en particulier dans le contexte du développement durable. La présente étude vise à combler cette lacune en développant et en proposant une approche axée sur le développement d'une structure de démarrage des projets verts, et en tenant compte du drainage, de l'approvisionnement en eau et du traitement des eaux-usées.Le premier objectif de la présente étude est d'explorer l'utilisation des infrastructures vertes pleinement intégrées dans la conception technique d'un développement durable et dans le contexte d'un développement biophile d'une ville. Pour supporter un travail d'équipe, l'élaboration d'une séquence claire des tâches à exécuter a été nécessaire. Une revue de la littérature a conduit à l'identification de plusieurs approches différentes, à partir de laquelle quatre propositions ont été retenues. De là une approche améliorée, a été conçue pour définir les tâches séquentielles permettant de démarrer un projet vert. Ces tâches comprennent toutes les composantes de la gestion de l'eau (drainage, approvisionnement en eau et eaux-usées). Une étude de cas en Chine a permis de vérifier l'acuité de cette approche. Cette étude a permis de démontrer que toutes les composantes de l'infrastructure verte pourraient être intégrées dans un nouveau projet de développement. Cette approche est nettement centrée sur l'eau.Pour satisfaire un deuxième objectif de l'étude, la nouvelle approche proposée a été utilisée pour comparer, dans le cadre d'une étude de faisabilité, les avantages économiques d'un investissement vert avec celle d'une conception classique, pour l'élaboration du concept d'un nouveau pôle institutionnel de la ville de Vaudreuil- Dorion PQ, Canada. Bien que l'étude ait montré que le coût de construction des projets verts était plus élevé, il a été constaté que sur un cycle de vie les infrastructures vertes peuvent entrainer des économies d'entretien. Les infrastructures vertes peuvent apporter des avantages économiques importants pour les villes.L'étude a démontré que les coûts d'immobilisation des infrastructures vertes étaient de 15% supérieures à comparer à des infrastructures conventionnelles sur la base d'une unité de logement. Par contre, l'étude a également démontré que la valeur de chaque unité d'habitation serait de 15 à 27 pour cent plus élevée dans un quartier vert plutôt que dans un quartier de conception conventionnelle. Cela permet une augmentation équivalente des recettes fiscales pour une municipalité.Bien que de nombreuses approches ont été identifiées, peu d'entre elles permettre de démarrer un projet d'ingénierie biophile. Cette étude a permis d'élaborer une nouvelle approche intégrée pour la mise en place d'infrastructures vertes qui tient compte de la place de l'eau dans le développement.

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Mezgebe, Bineyam. "Sustainable Stormwater Management: Applying Green Infrastructure Principles in Addis Ababa." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1258489866.

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Thesis (Master of Community Planning)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.
Advisor: Xinhao Wang. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Feb. 22, 2010). Includes abstract. Keywords: Storm Water Runoff; Green Infrastructure; Addis Ababa; Urban Planning; Environmental Planning; GIS. Includes bibliographical references.

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Welsh, Joshua. "The St. George Rainway : building community resilience with green infrastructure." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45766.

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This thesis was written with cognizance of humanity’s passage into the current epoch: the Anthropocene. Impacts the human species currently have upon the biosphere are physically and chemically altering it to degrees that have crossed thresholds of sustainability. The side effects of this call for resilience to enable healthful transitions into the unstable and unpredictable future. Central to global climate change and central to the profession of landscape architecture is the element: water. The St. George Rainway offers a new opportunity to be a demonstration project for the City of Vancouver where the City and the community of Mount Pleasant act as collaborators with design, construction, and maintenance of a project with water in the public realm. There are three components essential to this work: a community survey, a series of stakeholder and expert interviews, and a design-application of theory using landscape architecture. The survey and interviews establish the local context for the thesis, a baseline for presence of social cohesion, and a framing for the applicability of the ten prominent characteristics of resilient communities. Taken together, the application of design responds to the collective voice and needs of the community and provides a set of goals, phases, strategies for design as a framework to help realize future implementation of the St. George Rainway. The voluntary engagement in the physical transformation of one’s community can provide opportunity for a growth in social cohesion. Subsequently, this growth can improve the conditions that fostered the bonds and bridges within that community that inspired the initial voluntary engagement. Green infrastructure, when considered through this lens, has a reciprocal relationship with social cohesion, where the improvement of one feeds into the improvement of the other. This model could therefore provide both a resilient option for physical development of land and for social development of community for a neighbourhood like Mount Pleasant by encouraging more interaction among neighbours and with the local public realm. The St. George Rainway: Building Community Resilience with Green Infrastructure aims to provide a framework for this.

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Uher, Daniel. "Current State and Future Prospects of Green Infrastructure in Slovakia." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för geografi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172435.

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Rising urbanisation, global warming and climate change are posing a threat to the environment. This work is dedicated to green infrastructure as a concept that is helping to mitigate the negative effects on the environment. Focus will be held on Slovakia and its progressiveness in the field of green infrastructure. The aim of this thesis is to find whether there are any obstructions in the process of the development of green infrastructure and also, analyze and evaluate the current and past projects and strategies to reflect how Slovakia has progressed in this field in the past 10 years. As a method, qualitative method of structured interviews has been selected. The interviews were conducted with four experts within the field of green infrastructure in Slovakia. Multiple obstacles have been found that propose negative influences on the implementation of green infrastructure. The major obstacles are the slowly adapting legislation, ownership relations, undersized funding and lack of documentation. The prioritisation of the grey infrastructure instead of green and blue is also present, as well as the insufficient awareness of the general public about the benefits of green infrastructure. Slovakia's progression in the theoretical aspect of green infrastructure could be perceived as positive over the past 10 years. Multiple adapted strategies, either from the European Union or Slovakia's own, represent the improvement as well as the terminology that is more included in the law and policies. From an empirical standpoint, it is not possible to evaluate the progression, due to the complexity of green infrastructure and a lack of documentation. Multiple issues are affecting the state of green infrastructure in Slovakia, however, it seems that Slovakia could be on the right track into the future. By addressing these issues, Slovakia could strive for a more sustainable environment and development in the future.

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Penmetcha, Aishwarya. "Performance of Green Stormwater Infrastructure at The University of Toledo." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1440157753.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Green and blue infrastructure'

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