Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Grey (County)'

Screening efforts at the Gray Fossil Site, Washington County, Tennessee, have yielded a unique and diverse salamander fauna for the southern Appalachian Mio-Pliocene; including at least five taxa from three modern families (Ambystomatidae, Plethodontidae, and Salamandridae) supporting the woodland-pond interpretation of the site. All specimens represent the earliest record of their respective families in the Appalachian Mountains; with the Notophthalmus sp. vertebrae being the only Mio-Pliocene skeletal fossil known for the family Salamandridae in North America. Three types of plethodontid salamander are present, with one type representing the earliest known desmognathine. The desmognathine fossils lend credence to the 'Appalachian' origin of the clade in the Mio-Pliocene. The GFS salamander fauna is predominated by plethodontids; competition is inferred by the presence of several similarly large-sized taxa and is invoked to explain the presence of neotenic individuals in an otherwise amicable terrestrial environment.

Despite the fact that eight cases of Lyme disease were diagnosed in San Luis Obispo County between 2005-2013, the identity of wildlife hosts serving as sources for tick infection in this region remained unidentified. The primary cause of Lyme disease in the U.S. is the spirochetal bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, and this agent had not been previously isolated from the region. Borrelia bissettii, a related species that has not been implicated as a common causative agent of Lyme disease, was isolated in small rodents inhabiting coastal scrub and chaparral habitats in a previous San Luis Obispo County study. However, B. burgdorferi was not detected. In northwestern California, B. burgdorferi has been primarily associated with high populations of the tick vector Ixodes pacificus in dense woodlands or hardwood-conifer habitats, particularly in the western gray squirrel reservoir host, Sciurus griseus. My study investigated the role of S. griseus and other associated rodents as potential reservoirs for B. burgdorferi in central coastal California woodland habitats. Rodents were live-trapped at four sites in San Luis Obispo County in oak and mixed woodland. Rodent ear samples were tested for B. burgdorferi genospecies by bacterial culture and PCR. Ticks were collected from captured rodents and surrounding environments and tested by PCR for the presence of Borrelia. Of 119 captured rodents, seven were positive for Borrelia infection (5.9%) and of these, six were positive for B. burgdorferi (5.0%). There were multiple infected rodent species that included two western gray squirrels, three deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), and one brush mouse (P. boylii). Borrelia spp. were not detected by PCR from the 81 ticks recovered from the environment and rodents. Here, for the first time, we verify the presence of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto in San Luis Obispo county rodents. However, in contrast to previous Northern California studies, the western gray squirrel may not be the primary reservoir host for B. burgdorferi in this region. Multiple rodent species in oak woodlands may be involved in spirochete maintenance in San Luis Obispo County.

Discovered in 2000, the Gray Fossil Site provides a snapshot of the flora and fauna that lived during late Miocene to early Pliocene time in eastern Tennessee. These fossils occur in sediments consisting of fine-grained clays and sands of lacustrine origin, which were deposited after multiple sinkholes formed in the underlying Knox Group basement carbonates. Three-dimensional nearest neighbor analysis has been applied to fossils of Tapirus polkensis, characterizing the spatial patterns exhibited. These analyses determined the importance of taphonomic and depositional processes that occurred during the sites formation. Six characteristics were analyzed, four at the bone level including carnivore utilization, weathering, abrasion, and arthritis, and two at the specimen level, articulation and age class. Weathering, arthritis, and articulation, show clustered patterns indicating that the site had active predators, it consisted of many microenvironments, and deposition occurred in a passive setting. Although the current state of excavation makes any spatial analyses and taphonomic interpretations difficult, spatial analysis in both dimensions can be accomplished.

Le tirage au sort, attesté dès les temps homériques, devint à l'époque classique une pratique emblématique de la démocratie athénienne. Les sources attestent l'utilisation de ces machines à tirer au sort du IVe au Ier siècle avant J.-C. dans différentes régions du monde grec. La fréquence des tirages au sort entraîna une technicisation des outils dont les klèrôtèria sont la forme la plus aboutie. Il s'agit de stèles à encadrement architectural dont le champ est percé de colonnes de rainures dans lesquelles on insérait les pinakia (petites plaquettes de bronze) marqués au nom des candidats. La documentation permet-elle de restituer le fonctionnement des klèrôtèria ? La forme des machines et de leurs accessoires varia-t-elle au fil du temps et en fonction des charges tirées au sort ? Des lieux spécifiques étaient-ils dévolus à l'usage des klèrôtèria ? L'étude conjointe des vestiges archéologiques (klèrôtèria et pinakia) et des sources textuelles autorise une restitution vraisemblable du fonctionnement des machines. En dépit du nombre considérable de charges tirées au sort au cours de l'année, la variété des machines utilisées semble moins importante qu'on ne le supposerait a priori : elle dépend davantage du corps au sein duquel s'opérait le tirage au sort que de la fonction elle-même. Parmi les klèrôtèria conservés, datés du IIe siècle avant J.-C., certains indiquent une utilisation superflue de ces machines auxquelles il semble que l'on ait attribué une fonction plus symbolique qu'utilitaire. Les vestiges archéologiques ne livrent pas d'informations sur les lieux dans lesquels on pratiquait le tirage au sort. On recourut probablement à des aménagements mobiles et provisoires dont la localisation sur l'agora peut être déduite de la nature et de la fréquence de chaque type de tirage au sort. Les klèrôtèria, que ne semble avoir abrités aucun édifice spécifique, apparaissent comme des machines politiques, monuments de la démocratie
Allotment, as testified from Homeric times became, during the classical era, an emblematic practice of the Athenian democracy. The sources prove that allotment machines were in use from the 4th to the 1st century BC in various regions of the Greek world. The frequency of allotment led to continuous technical upgrading of which the klèrôtèria constitute its most completed form. These are steles with architectural frame, carved with vertical rows of slots, into which the pinakia, small bronze tokens carved with the names of the candidates, were inserted.Does the documentation give clues as to the functioning of the kleroteria ? Did the shape of the machines and its accessories vary in time and according to the various public functions that were subject to allotment? Were there specific places dedicated to the use of klèrôtèria?The study of both archeological vestiges (klerôteria et pinakia) and written sources allow for a plausible restitution of the functioning of the machines. In spite of the considerable number of public functions that were subject to allotment every year, the variety of machines that were used seems less wide that one would a priori suppose: it depends more on the body within which the allotment was conducted, than on the function itself. Among the preserved klèrôtèria, dated from the IInd century BC, some indicate a superfluous utilization of these machines to which a more symbolic than utilitary function was attributed. The archeological vestiges do not give information about the places in which allotment was carried out. Mobile and temporary set ups were probably used at locations in the Agora which can be deduced from the nature and the frequency of each type of allotment. The kleroteria, which seem not to have been sheltered in any specific sort of building, appear as political pools, as monuments of democracy

L'intérêt de l'enfant est une notion bien connue du droit de la famille des Etats membres du Conseil de l'Europe. C'est sans doute le cas du droit grec de la famille qui érige l'intérêt de l'enfant en règle fondamentale. Or, ce principe cher au droit interne, visant la protection de l'enfant, franchit les frontières nationales et obtient un caractère européen grâce à la jurisprudence européenne concernant la vie familiale. En effet, en statuant sur les « contentieux familiaux européens », le juge de Strasbourg consacre ledit principe, met en avant sa valeur indubitable et forge son contenu de base. Sans imposer d'évaluations uniformes de l'intérêt de l'enfant, la Cour EDH pose les lignes directrices de sa détermination. Toutefois, malgré le dynamisme de la construction jurisprudentielle européenne portant sur l'intérêt de l'enfant dans le cadre de la garantie de la vie familiale, en Grèce l'appréciation dudit intérêt reste pour le moment une question interne. Il n'y a pas de contact entre l'ordre juridique grec et le système de la Convention, puisque le premier ne se réfère pas systématiquement au second et la jurisprudence européenne contre l'Etat grec est isolée
The interests of the child is a well known concept in family law of Council of Europe Member States. Greek family law is not an exception to this rule: the interests of the child is one of its fundamental principles. However, this valuable concept of internal law, aiming at children's protection, has crossed the national borders and gained a European personality thanks to the ECHR case – law concerning family life. While ruling on these cases, Strasbourg Court underlines the significance of the notion and has elaborated its main guidelines without imposing identical evaluations.Despite the activity of the ECHR on this field, interest of child approach is a strictly national issue in Greece. The lack of contact between the Greek law and the ECHR case – law is more than obvious. The former nearly ignores the latter, while the relevant cases against Greece in this area remain few

Aujourd’hui l’Union européenne favorise la règlementation de la médiation par une démarche générale sous la directive n° 2008/52/CE sur certains aspects de la médiation en matière civile et commerciale et par une démarche sectorielle sous la directive n° 2013/11/UE relative au règlement extrajudiciaire des litiges de consommation et le règlement n° 524/2013/UE en ligne des litiges de consommation. Cette tendance législative apparaît comme une exigence d’améliorer l’accès à la justice en réduisant son coût, sa lenteur et sa complexité. La question qui se pose est de savoir dans quel cadre juridique la médiation facilite la résolution amiable des différends ainsi que l’accès à la justice en réduisant le déséquilibre qui caractérise les rapports juridiques, dès lors qu’on écarte la protection juridictionnelle. La réponse appelle l’analyse de la règlementation de la médiation dans le droit de l’Union européenne et dans les droits nationaux examinés. Le droit de l’Union implique que les États membres prennent les mesures nécessaires pour l’application correcte d’une directive (article 288 § 3 TFUE) ; l’application du droit de l’Union européenne devant être assurée sous le respect des principes d’équivalence et d’efficacité. Comment cela peut-être garantie ? La réception du droit de l’Union européenne a contribué à atténuer les ambivalences préexistantes autour du concept de la médiation et a ainsi facilité la mise en place d’une référence commune à la médiation, si elle n’a pas permis une transposition homogène. Dans les trois systèmes étudiés la médiation se manifeste globalement en tant que « phénomène conventionnel », mais qui se situe au carrefour du droit substantiel et processuel. Si l’entier du processus s’exprime de manière conventionnelle, la convention de médiation, acte fondateur du processus, relève d’une dimension duale, à la fois conventionnelle et processuelle Quelle sera la liaison future entre médiation et justice traditionnelle ? La volonté de ne plus laisser la règlementation de la médiation au domaine privé, mais de lui réserver une place centrale dans les règles étatiques parait claire dans les trois systèmes nationaux. Cette « processualisation » de la médiation conduira-t-elle à l’émergence d’« un droit à la médiation » ? Quel rôle contient désormais le droit d’accès au juge (article 6 § 1 Convention EDH et 47 de la Charte européenne des droits de la Charte des droits fondamentaux) autour du développement législatif de la médiation ? Les réponses nécessitent l’analyse du régime qui donne accès à la médiation et du cadre processuel qui garantit l’accomplissement « légitime » de son processus. Le développement opportun de la médiation exige que les personnes qui assurent sa mise en œuvre puissent justifier d’une formation sérieuse en la matière, ainsi qu’un statut fiable pour inciter les intéressés d’y recourir. Quel est le statut du médiateur ? La comparaison des droits nationaux nous permettra d’envisager le meilleur modèle régulateur pour encadrer les compétences du tiers intervenant. Mais un système de médiation réellement efficace s’est traduit par un aboutissement efficace. Comment se valorise-t-il l’ « accord amiable », l’issue négociée en droit, voire en résolution extrajudiciaire d’un différend ? Y a-t-il un contrôle de légalité de l’accord issu de la médiation et si oui, comment ce contrôle se manifeste-t-il ? Les réponses relèvent de l’analyse du régime de l’accord issu de la médiation
With regard to the Directive n° 52/2008CE of the European Parliament and the Council of 21 May 2008 in certain aspects of mediation in civil and commercial matters, as well as the Directive 2013/11/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2013 on alternative dispute resolution for consumer disputes and amending Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 and Directive 2009/22/EC also the Regulation (EU) n°524/2013 of the European Parliament and the Council of 21 May 2013 on online dispute resolution for consumer disputes and amending Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 and Directive 2009/22/EC (Regulation on consumer ODR), this thesis examine the main lines for the development of mediation set out by the European Union. How the tendency to develop mediation within Europe, represented by the directive the European texts above has been reflected in the three legal systems examined? How mediation works in systems where law is rigid and its infringement is being severely sanctioned (civil law applied in France and Greece) and how does it work in common law (applied in the United Kingdom)? Mediation law is nowadays largely presented as a flexible way to avoid court’s costs, longevity and complexity. But should it be integrated in procedural law as a kind of complementary justice within the courts? Can positive law, courts and amiable dispute resolution cooperate in an effective manner? An effective cooperation of public justice and mediation could be of major importance for the improvement of procedural law, as access to justice is not always guaranteed. Public justice has not always being successful, since the severe application of law has been proven unable to create a social and dynamic legal system. Thus, it often cultivates “bitterness” against judicial adventure. In this regard, mediation promises a profound change in the way of settling disputes. However, the idea of a “private” justice based in contract law does not go without mistrusts. The imbalance between the parties is usually obvious in contract law and fosters the strongest party. The question then is to know if a secure legal framework of mediation based on the particularities of national legal systems could facilitate its proper implementation. The main concept of the thesis is to present a legal structure of mediation combined by the European law’s directives and their implementation in the three national laws. But the nature, the process, as well as the relation of mediation with courts are examined in parallel with the conformity of mediation in the article 6 § 1 of the European Convention of Human Rights, the fundamental right of a public hearing by a tribunal

Le présent travail intitulé « La procédure devant les tribunaux ecclésiastiques de l’Église de Grèce : une analyse nomocanonique de la loi étatique 5383/1932 », ambitionne d’être la première monographie consacrée à la Loi 5383/1932, loi concernant les tribunaux ecclésiastiques grecs, dite aussi, d’après la définition du Conseil d’État, loi du droit disciplinaire ecclésiastique. Elle concerne 82 métropoles et l’archevêché d’Athènes. La procédure disciplinaire est une procédure judiciaire ; elle consiste en un procès au cours duquel doivent être appliqués tous les principes d’un procès juste. Ces tribunaux aussi doivent offrir la garantie d’un jugement juste. Le critère consiste à savoir s’ils saisissent une différence selon les règles du droit, avec compétence pour cette différence dans le cadre d’une procédure préétablie. La Loi 5383/1932 est un texte juridique et, pour la traiter, nous avons appliqué les méthodes juridiques et canoniques, dites nomocanoniques, d’analyse et d’interprétation
The present work bears the title, «The Procedure before the Ecclesiastical (Church) Courts of the Church of Greece: A nomocanonical analysis of the state law 5383/1932» which aspires to constitute the first monograph devoted to Law 5383/1932, a law that concerns the Greek Ecclesiastical courts, or better yet, the law regarding ecclesiastical disciplinary law according to the case law of the Council of State. This law concerns 82 metropolises (cathedrals) and the archdiocese of Athens. The disciplinary procedure is a judicial procedure that entails a hearing during which all of the principles of a fair trial must be applied. These courts owe a duty to offer the guarantees of a fair trial. The criterion is to know whether they are vindicating a difference with the rules of law having jurisdiction over this difference in the context of an existing procedure. Law 5383/1932 is a legal text and, in order to analyze it, we have used the legal and Canon law methods otherwise known as legal rule analysis and interpretation

碩士
開南大學
商學院碩士在職專班
100
After the policy of two days off in one week since 2001 in Taiwan, the awareness of taking holiday or leisure time is on the rise. Coupling with the prevalence of sports and strong advocacy of exercise and fitness brought by doctors, scholars and media, it makes people realize the benefit of exercise leads to healthy living. The demand for recreational space in metropolitan area is also increasing. Hence, It is important for government to plan sports facility construction or review existing devices, and consider the key indicators to organize international or national sports infrastructure. This research aims to identify the impact level of those considering factors from the viewpoints of sports population in Hsinchu County towards Sports Park. The purpose of this study has three folds: 1) Summarize the key issues through holistic literature review in the area of sports, health, leisure and sports facilities. Then conduct the questionnaire survey to existing and potential target population. 2) The gray relational method is used to construct a research model and validation including descriptive statistics to investigate the influence degree between the variables. 3) Provide suggestion to government based on empirical results to better plan public sports facilities projects in Hsinchu County and avoid empty and useless construction waste. This study has collected 1496 valid questionnaires and conducts descriptive statistics analysis and inference test (causality). The research results have revealed that most desired free field is outdoor basketball (8.1%). The highest demand of paid place is indoor swimming pool (6.8%). According to gray relational analysis: (1) in terms of disposable money on exercise per month, the marital status has the highest grey relational level; (2) in terms of disposable money on exercise for regular user, the average exercise time has the highest grey relational level; (3) in terms of disposable money on exercise per month, the average exercise time on paid site has the highest grey relational level; (4) in terms of people with exercise habit and disposable money on exercise per month, the exercise time slots has the highest grey relational level; (5) regardless the respondents have exercise habit, the ratio of exercise investment and total income has the highest grey relational level; (6) for regular exercise user and only use free site, the ratio of exercise investment and total income has the highest grey relational level. Two suggestions are described: 1) it is suggested to refer the ratio of exercise investment compared to total income to design paid sports park, since this ratio is the key indicator. It also can be adjusted based on marital status and average time to utilize these sports. 2) Sports Park Facility selection site is also proposed. The high rank of paid indoor exercise is swimming, basketball, fitness, badminton and aerobic

碩士
嶺東科技大學
行銷與流通管理研究所
99
Due to rapid economic development, the high ratio of possess and use of vehicles drastically enlarge the demands of car parking. Meanwhile, it causes several problems regarding traffic and parking for the road usage and spaces during vehicle movements and halts. Government anticipates solving the insufficiency or excess of parking spaces by offering the demands. Therefore, forecast to the parking demands plays a significant role of providing data for relevant policy implements. The research explores the distances and time among freeways and analyses the data as well as parking demands in terms of Grey Relational Analysis. Moreover, it attempts to use GM (1,1) to predict the future parking demands with limited data. However, the validity of the research is enhanced by optimization and also revises the residual on the basis of the data acquired. Besides that, the study discusses the relevance between demands for street parking and its variables. The relevant analysis is carried out based on the revised average residual parking demands and average percentage of growing population, the increasing percentage vehicle possess, the growing population for male and female as well as population density. The result shown in Grey Relational Analysis indicates that relational level remains relatively higher in the time consumption to freeways and the demands to street parking. Compared with the revised residual associated with MAPE, From the System of Grey Forecast, we can see that the expected results for parking demands in each section in Tao Yuan County are relatively accurate and reasonable because of application of GM. The relevant analysis indicates that the parking demands are closely associated to the population gap between male and female--- there are more male than female.

碩士
長榮大學
土地管理與開發研究所(在職專班)
96
The movement of Sustainable Development has become the most in-depth global practice that emphasizes on meeting human needs in the end of 20th century. As the growing awareness in preserving ecological environment, city development does not focus solely on economic efficiency but justice in society and environmental protection. Therefore, it has become the continuing concrete action to balance the three aspects in many countries. During the international Eco-city conferences holding in 1990, 1992, 1996, 2000 and 2002 have proved that planning and construction of sustainable development has become the global common issue. This context is in accordance with the global sustainable city index system, and the selected thirty nine index systems conforming to Taiwanese environment from the Taiwan Sustainable Development Evaluation System. Through learning the experience of establishing the sustainable city index systems, it could appraise the current sustainable developments in every city in the Taiwan area is appeal as the benchmark in the future. The three systems include society culture, economic development, and natural ecology. Among them there are 39 factors; including 18 items in society culture, 13 items in economic development, and 8 items in the natural environment. After gathering the statistics, it used the method of Paired Comparison to find out the significant of the appraisal index factors. Then it used the Grey Relational Analysis in the Grey System Theory to inspect the ranking of the current sustainable developments in Taipei city, Taichung city, Kaoshiung city and Hualien county from 1998 to 2006. Finally, it took the prediction model of GM(1,1) Alpha from the Grey Prediction Analysis to come out of the main index factors prediction in the four cities in 2007 and 2008 to probe into the current prediction of sustainable cities.

碩士
開南大學
商學院碩士在職專班
100
Young people with less structured leisure activities are more likely to have anti-social behavior; hence it is mandatory for government to keep this in mind before setting up guidelines for adolescents. And it is vital to meet the needs of leisure space for the young while government plans to build a sports park with sports facilities. This study intends to analyze what’s the consideration factors among local high school students can impact the planning of Sports Park project. This study is thus motivated to investigate the differences of engaging with sports center in Taoyuan County in genders, education levels and sport type users. Through the above background and motivation, the purpose of this study is to analyze the preference factors for sports consumer in Taoyuan County Sports Park through statistical review, induction check (cause-and-effect analysis) and the gray relational method, and thus to provide to the government with the information that can serve as a reference basis before designing and constructing the sports parks, so that young people can have healthy leisure activity.A total of 117 valid questionnaires are collected and described in statistical analysis in this study. After applying gray relational analysis, the result leads us to the following thoughts: 1. themonthly amount spent in sports among questionnaire interviewers (focused on their fundamental data) is gray related to their genders, prior to educational levels and ages. 2. The monthly amount spent in sports activities among questionnaire interviewers (focused on questionnaire content) is gray related to their average exercise time, time sections and weekly exercise counts. The research outcomes have shown that the key factors related to amount spent are average exercise time and time section. The sports park facility can take gender and age of adolescents in Taoyuan into consideration while designing useful facilities.

碩士
國立虎尾科技大學
經營管理研究所在職專班
99
The purpose of this research is to analyze importance and satisfaction of education service quality for students and householders in the Elementary School of Yunlin County, and to find out the priority items that school should do improvement at once. The main results are as follows: First, the most important educational service quality for students and householders has three items: "School has a clear escape instructions and safe equipment", "School provides students with health, nutrition, delicious lunch", "School has health, adequate drinking water facilities". Second, the most dissatisfied educational service quality for students and householders has four items: "The school toilets are clean and tidy", "Schools’ barrier-free environment and facilities are convenient for physical challenges to use", "Campus sports facilities have improved", " The news about of school activity can be seen soon in the cable television and newspaper".Third, from the point of view of impotance –satisfaction model , the priority improvement in educational service quality for students and householders has four items : "School has health, adequate drinking water facilities", "The school toilets are clean and tidy", "School has excellent tradition and universally known", "Students easily understand the content of the textbook when teacher uses many materials and methods". Fourth, from the point of view of quality function deployment, the priority improvement in educational service quality for students and householders has four items : "School has health, adequate drinking water facilities", "The school toilets are clean and tidy", "Teacher quickly treats when student suffers from problems", "School certainly pays attention to the safety of students ". Finally, comparison between grey relational analysis of the Quality Function Deployment and traditional Quality Function Deployment, they are not same about 64% in the order of educational service quality for school’s technical demands.

碩士
國立屏東科技大學
農企業管理系所
97
Estimating operation effect fairly in farmer’s organizations is the most important issue. Therefore we have to build up the model that is able to estimate operation effect effectively and fairly, and have to choose the effective research samples in the first place. The farmer’s organization in Taiwan is more special than other organizations. So how to estimate operation effect directly is very difficult. Therefore many researches about this issue relate to focus on banking effect. It is not to estimate operation effect fairly in farmer’s organizations. For this reason the research tries to use gray relation to build up the model estimating operation effect. And we research the effect if it is able to stable to preserve. The basic level of farmer’s organizations in Taoyuan county and city is chosen by the samples of this research. This research is generalized several conclusions. The first, the best basic level of farmer’s organization of the operation effect in Taoyuan is Dayuan Township, and the second is Taoyuan City. Besides, the effect is stable to preserve. The second conclusion is the core of operation in farmer’s organization in city leans on banking. Finally, the conclusion of this research is the formers in this area out of theory knowledge.

碩士
國立金門大學
防災與永續研究所
99
EMS (emergency medical service) is one of the most important tasks for fire-fighting units because it is related to the public’s safety and lives, the safeguard of which is an unshirkable responsibility to a government. EMS resources should be allocated according to the traffic facilities, demographic structure and lifestyle of the place where a rescue unit is located to avoid the waste of or insufficiency in resources. The purpose of this study was to come up with a basis and thinking for a reasonable EMS resources distribution to serve as a reference for related policy makers. The scope of this study covered all government levels in Kinmen County, including county, township, village and borough. Historical data on Kinmen County’s EMS operations between 2006 and 2010 were collected for a grey relational analysis to obtain the severity rankings of EMS operation types in Kinmen County and the nation as a whole, the severity rankings of EMS operation types in Kinmen County and its subordinate townships, and the severity rankings of EMS operation types in boroughs under Jincheng Township. The results showed that severity rankings of EMS operation types varied from district to district, which can serve as a reference for fire-fighting officials to achieve a reasonable allocation and adjustment of EMS resources. In addition to the grey relational analysis of severity rankings for EMS operations at different government levels, deduction was made based on the same type of EMS operations using GM(1.N) Theory to obtain the influence level rankings for each township under Kinmen County and each borough in Jincheng. The results of grey relational analysis showed that “acute diseases” ranked No. 1 in severity among the EMS operations at all levels of Kinmen County Government. GM(1.N) Theory Analysis showed that the influence level of this EMS operation type (acute diseases) in Jinning Township is more serious than in other townships, which implies that the county government should prioritize the resources allocation for the EMS operation of this type in Jinning. The same principle should be applied to the resources allocation for other EMS items. The results of this study can serve as a preliminary assessment model for fire-fighting units at various levels in their decision-making on EMS resources allocation. It is hoped that by doing so, a reasonable and effective resources planning, allocation and implementation can be achieved, and the public’s awareness of self-protection can be enhanced to increase the chance of their survival in case of any EMS operations. Keywords: EMS (Emergency Medical Service), grey relational grade, grey modeling

碩士
稻江科技暨管理學院
境外EMBA企業管理碩士在職專班
104
Foreign Trade is Taiwan's major source of economic growth. Based Foreign Trade is Taiwan's major source of economic growth, view our important export market economic trading nation status, analyzing dynamics and status of the policy through international economic and industrial development, in order to discuss the future. In this paper, based on 2010-2014 National Taiwan to important economic and trade import / export value of goods and all other import / export values and other information, using gray theory and regression analysis, prediction of the country's important economic and trade import / export value of Taiwan and various goods do not import / export value. This article explores the gap between urban and rural areas, the ratio of the relative lack of geographic gap and the distribution of resources in Taiwan and other regions of the findings are now available relevant government units to develop reference policies, and provides the industry as an investment, an important source of information during the decision-making and planning.

碩士
銘傳大學
國際企業學系碩士班
100
In recent years, the issues about parallel imports of goods (also called Gray Goods) have been gradually by the world''s attention. The "parallel imports" means the other person imports the merchandise without the consent of the domestic trademark(Qiu Zhiping, 1996). Onkvisit and Shaw (1989) pointed out that the gray market really exists only because of the price difference. This spread, attracting manufacturers to do such tradement. From the consumer''s side, they can buy the same product they needs with the lowest price and the most convenient way. With the rapid development of the Internet, low cost and convenience of shopping and selling on the web to attract a lot of gray vendor sales gray goods in the Internet to meet consumer demand. According to the survey by United Marketing Research,"Personal family Households digital divide survey report, year 2010" pointed out that the age from 18 to 30-year-old young people are the hightest proportion of online shopping in all age. Therefore, this study intends to use this age group as a research object. The main purpose of this article is: To explore the younger consumer online shopping behavior and phenomena, to understand the gray goods (ie parallel) the causes and phenomena, and to explore topics of their purchase on the Internet, as well as understanding of consumer personality traits. For example: Consumer innovation traits influence the attitude of gray goods online. Finally, to explore the impact of consumer perceived risk on the attitude of buying gray goods online, and usecountry of origin effects and consumer productsinvolvement as intervening. In this study, the questionnaire issued with the linear structural equation modeling (LISREL) model estimate. Empirical analysis found that: (1) Innovative personality trait has a positive significant impact on the attitude ofgray goods online, partsupport. (2) Perceived risk has a negative significant impact on the attitude of gray goods online, partsupport. (3) the attitude of gray goods online has a positive significant impact on purchase intention, support. (4) Product involvement and the effect of country of origin interference role significantly. The managerial implications of this paper are: (1) Innovative trait and perceived risk arepart of the factors that influence consumer attitudes. Therefore, gray vendor need to consider the degree of consumers of the product are aware of the ris before import the gray goods. (2) Consumers attitude of gray goods will directly affect its willingness to purchase gray goods on the Internet. Gray vendor can create a platform of trial, feedback or comments to enhance the good attitude of consumers on the Internet gray goods, and thus enhance the consumers'' willingness to buy. (3) Consumers will be effected by the country of origin when they buying the the gray goods online. In that way, gray vendor should pay attention to the consumers of the importing countries of the impression before the imported products, in order to avoid product quality good, but a poor impression of the importing country made the slow-moving. In the past, there are many scholars to explore the issue of gray market and gray goods, but the issues of gray goods sold on the Internet are few. The contribution of this research isdiscussed about young consumer groups their attitude of gray goods online and purchse intention online.