Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus)'
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Marchal, Julia. "Impact d’une restriction calorique modérée ou d’un mimétique potentiel, le resvératrol, sur les marqueurs du vieillissement et sur la longévité chez un primate non-humain." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05T021/document.
Full textNowadays moderate and chronic calorie restriction (CR); is the only non-genetic intervention known to slow the onset of age-related diseases and to increase longevity in several animal species. Resveratrol (RSV), a natural compound belonging to the polyphenols group, has therapeutic properties and is a promising candidate as CR effects mimetic. To assess the impact of such long-term nutritional protocols, a longitudinal study was conducted on a cohort of 53 males grey mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus), a relevant primate model for normal and pathological aging research as regards to its high longevity in captivity, up to 12 years. Since the integration of the animals in the study (3 years old) to the current status of the project (8 years of age), physiological and behavioral parameters were assessed regularly in the cohort divided into three groups: a group submitting to a -30% CR and a group supplemented with RSV (200 mg.kg-1.day-1), compared to a control group (CTL). With age, disturbances appeared in CTL mouse lemurs: decreased insulin sensitivity, accumulation of cellular damage, motor and cognitive decline associated with particular type of memory and a decline of certain predictive biomarkers of aging in this species. CR has improved insulin sensitivity and limited the accumulation of markers of oxidative stress, it has not resulted in improved cognitive abilities but in a decreased anxiety, improved motor performances and an increased spontaneous locomotor activity. CR also induced an adaptive metabolic response with body weight loss without lowering energy expenditure, lower hormone levels of IGF-1 and testosterone, supporting a probable trade-off between reproduction and survival. RSV mimicked some of the beneficial effects demonstrated in CR. However, it has improved the spatial memory task, which was not observed in restricted animals. RSV also showed opposite effects to those of CR, as maintained body weight and hormone levels compared to CTL, an increase in energy expenditure and in testosterone levels during the long day’s season. Finally, the current survival data are promising; less than 50% of the CTL animals survived, while more than 50% of CR and RSV animals are still alive, with in addition a mean age at death about 1 year higher compared with CTL animals. Despite heterogeneous, but yet beneficial effects, CR and RSV were able to slow the appearance of some intrinsic age-related declines and to improve the lemurs’ survival, supporting the hypothesis that these effects may be mediated by different mechanisms achieving the same positive outcomes including enhanced life expectancy. These evidences are a real tool for the future understanding of the mechanisms underlying the aging process but also of cellular regulatory pathways that are involved in long term CR and RSV treatment in a primate
Villain, Nicolas. "Rôle de la plasticité comportementale dans l'adaptation aux variations nutritionnelles chez un primate malgache." Thesis, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MNHN0006/document.
Full textIn order to survive in a changing environment, individuals have to express an appropriate response. It is known that animals have the ability to adjust their behaviour to their environment. This behavioural plasticity allows a quick and adapted response to environmental variations, maximizing the individual'ssurvival and gene transmission. This plasticity relies on costly brain processes making these adaptations particularly dependent of food availability and maybe quality.This thesis project aimed at better understanding the constraints of these responses in a species under a strong selection pressure. To investigate this problematic, we studied the behavioural responses of a small Malagasy primate, the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus), to both quantitative and qualitative changes in food resources. The first part of this work investigated the effect of a short-term caloric restriction without malnutrition over two studies. In the first one, we studied the effects of a 60% caloric restriction without malnutrition on innate behavioural plasticity via the study of the biological clock. The results show a decrease in the ability to resynchronize on a light/dark cycle following a time-shift. This difficulty to resynchronize was linked to body mass loss, the individuals loosing the more weight being the one unable to resynchronize after the 6-hours time shift. In the second study, we investigated the effect of a 40% caloric restriction without malnutrition on acquired behavioural plasticity. This study show a decrease in learning abilities of the restricted individuals after 19 days of dietary treatment and no influence on long term memory. This decrease in learning abilities was also linked with body mass loss, with the individuals loosing the more weight being the one with the worst success rate during this task. The second part focused on the effects of a qualitative variation in food supply via a long-term supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. This part allowed us to show an increase in learning abilities associated with increased neurogenesis in three brain zones for supplemented animals after 18 month of treatment as well as a decrease of their anxiety level.This thesis work show that both quantitative and qualitative nutritional variations are able to influence different forms of behavioural plasticity and their cerebral basis and are of particular importance in the adaptation and survival of individuals
Hübner, Franziska [Verfasser], Claudia [Akademischer Betreuer] Fichtel, Claudia [Gutachter] Fichtel, and Lars [Gutachter] Penke. "Cognition in the wild Individual differences in cognitive abilities and their link with fitness in a wild primate, the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) / Franziska Hübner ; Gutachter: Claudia Fichtel, Lars Penke ; Betreuer: Claudia Fichtel." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1210702185/34.
Full textSchliehe-Diecks, Susanne [Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Kappeler, and Eckhard W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Heymann. "Sex-specific differences in dispersal propensities and their consequences for grey mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus) / Susanne Schliehe-Diecks. Gutachter: Peter Kappeler ; Eckhard W. Heymann. Betreuer: Peter Kappeler." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1042529779/34.
Full textSchliehe-Diecks, Susanne Verfasser], Peter M. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Kappeler, and Eckhard W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Heymann. "Sex-specific differences in dispersal propensities and their consequences for grey mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus) / Susanne Schliehe-Diecks. Gutachter: Peter Kappeler ; Eckhard W. Heymann. Betreuer: Peter Kappeler." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:7-webdoc-3746-3.
Full textRakotoniaina, Hasina Josué [Verfasser], Peter M. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Kappeler, Eckhard W. [Gutachter] Heymann, Mark [Gutachter] Maraun, Matthias [Gutachter] Waltert, and Oliver [Gutachter] Schülke. "Conservation physiology of two closely related, sympatric lemur species, the fat-tailed dwarf lemur (Cheirogaleus medius), and the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) / Hasina Josué Rakotoniaina ; Gutachter: Peter M. Kappeler, Eckhard W. Heymann, Mark Maraun, Matthias Waltert, Oliver Schülke ; Betreuer: Peter M. Kappeler." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1143231058/34.
Full textRoyo, Julie. "Performances cognitives et neurogenèse au cours du vieillissement chez un primate non-humain." Thesis, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MNHN0001.
Full textNeurogenesis is the ability of the adult brain to build new neurons. This process induces structural and functional changes in the brain that can reduce cognitive decline during aging. This neuroplasticity exists throughout life but it gradually decreases with aging. In this study, we characterized the evolution of cognitive functions and neurogenesis during aging in the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) that shares morphological, behavioural and physiological changes with aged humans. We observed that some aged animals presented a specific deficit in learning and memory whereas others had cognitive performances equivalent or better than young animals. It might be due to the neurogenesis process that would preserve cognitive functions during aging. Indeed, in the subventricular zone, the balance between neurons and glial cells would be in favour of neurogenesis in the dorsal part while oligodendrogenesis would be favoured in the horn. Stimulation of neurogenesis could help replace neurons lost due to injury or aging. Among the possible strategies to stimulate neurogenesis, food and physical activity seem pertinent. During this thesis project, we studied, in particular, the impact of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation and the combination of caloric restriction and physical activity in adulthood. These interventions induced an improvement of cognitive functions associated with an increase in the number of new neurons. These different approaches constitute a promising strategy without drugs against cognitive decline during aging by participating in brain plasticity
Terrien, Jérémy. "Age-related impairment in the thermoregulatory capacities in a non-human primate species, the gray mouse lemu (Microcebus murinus)." Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05T056.
Full textAge-related deteriorations in the effector mechanisms of thermoregulation may threaten the maintenance of homeostasis. This hypothesis was tested in a primate, the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus), during thermal challenges. The season has emerged as a dominant parameter. During summer, aging did not impair normothermia and energy balance maintenance. However, age-related impairments were demonstrated in winter in response to low or high Ta. Indeed, daily Tc rhythms were widely depth during cold exposure and associated with negative energy balance. When exposed to heat, aged individuals exhibited reduced capacities to dissipate body. Age-related impairments in IGF-1 signalling have also been demonstrated. To conclude, aging was strongly associated in mouse lemurs with impaired control of Tc levels, with different levels according to season
Dorieux, Olène. "Vieillissement cérébral chez un primate non humain, le Microcèbe : approches fonctionnelles et anatomiques." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05T037.
Full textWorldwide populations affected by age-related brain pathology are becoming increasingly numerous. Using relevant animal models is a critical to understand biological mechanisms of brain aging and evluate therapy. The Mouse lemur primate is an animal model of normal and pathological brain aging. Indeed, it develops age-associated brain abnormalities linked with cognitive deficits remaining human age-associated brain alterations. Moreover, some older individuals display more severe alterations, as in particular atrophy of the hippocampus and cerebral amyloid plaques, suggesting a pathological brain aging. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) was used to quantify cerebral glucose metabolism quantification in mouse lemurs. This study was completed with anatomical, histological, and behavioral studies. Additionally, an insulin-like growth agonist (PEG- IGF-1) therapy was evaluated in aged mouse lemurs. In older animals, besides a cerebral atrophy, a glucose metabolism reduction appeared in the brain, and in particular in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, caudate nucleus, and cerebellum. These functional impairments were not associated with detectable cognitive deficits and could not be explained by anatomical or histological alterations. The PEG-IGF-1 treatment did not enhance cerebral glucose consumption. Nevertheless, it induced changes in the parameters of daily
Schmelting, Barthel. "Reproductive tactics in male grey mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus, J.F. Miller 1777) in Northwestern Madagascar." 2001. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964443600.
Full textSchliehe-Diecks, Susanne. "Sex-specific differences in dispersal propensities and their consequences for grey mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus)." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-000D-EF7D-7.
Full textRakotoniaina, Hasina Josué. "Conservation physiology of two closely related, sympatric lemur species, the fat-tailed dwarf lemur (Cheirogaleus medius), and the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus)." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0023-3F4D-E.
Full textHübner, Franziska. "Cognition in the wild Individual differences in cognitive abilities and their link with fitness in a wild primate, the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus)." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0005-1356-5.
Full textSchmelting, Barthel [Verfasser]. "Reproductive tactics in male grey mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus, J.F. Miller 1777) in Northwestern Madagascar / by Barthel Schmelting." 2001. http://d-nb.info/964443600/34.
Full textTremblay, Marilyn-Anne. "Nouvelles perspectives sur la longévité humaine : étude longitudinale du lémurien genre Microcebus murinus." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25059.
Full textThe aging of populations is an inescapable reality of modern societies, which observe an inexorable increase in life expectancy. One of the obstacles to the analysis of human mortality is the fact that it takes more than a hundred years for all individuals in a generation to die. For this reason, biodemography, a new field of research combining demography and biology, is looking at the analysis of mortality data from primates, such as the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus). The data for this captive-bred species come mainly from the logbooks recording the entries and exits of all individuals in the MMDN laboratory of the Biology Department of the University de Montpellier. The main objective of this thesis is to compare the distributions of deaths by age for the lemur by sex, as well as for human populations of different ages. The P-splines approach used makes it possible to derive these distributions from smoothed mortality rates. Different indicators are calculated on mortality: life expectancy at the age of sexual maturity, life expectancy at old age, median age of survival, and modal age at death. Our results indicate that female captive-bred gray mouse lemurs live longer than males for all the different indices used, contrary to what has been reported in the literature. This is however consistent with the different hypotheses that assume longer life spans in primate and human females. Moreover, the comparison of mortality in lemurs and humans shows that the distribution of lemur deaths is close to the European pre-industrial societies. This incursion into the demography of an animal species will allow the advancement of this brand-new field of research that is biodemography. A more in-depth analysis of the longevity of short-lived primates will provide us with long-term information on the biological mechanisms of aging in humans.
Hämäläinen, Anni. "Sex-specific aging: Sex differences in survival and health in a wild primate population." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0023-9606-6.
Full textDammhahn, Melanie. "Ecological determinants of social systems: Comparative and experimental feeding ecology of two mouse lemur species (Microcebus berthae, M. murinus)." Doctoral thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B658-0.
Full textDammhahn, Melanie [Verfasser]. "Ecological determinants of social systems : comparative and experimental feeding ecology of two mouse lemur species (Microcebus berthae, M. murinus) / vorgelegt von Melanie Dammhahn." 2008. http://d-nb.info/997536837/34.
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