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Journal articles on the topic 'GRF'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Meyramov, G. G., and A. S. Shaуbek. "On the mechanisms of prevention destruction of pancreatic B-cells induced by direct action of zinc binding chelators by reduced form of glutathione." Bulletin of the Karaganda University “Biology medicine geography Series” 90, no. 2 (2018): 133–39. https://doi.org/10.31489/2018bmg2/133-139.

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It is known that reduced form of amino acid the glutathione (GRF), containing in structure of a molecule of SH-radical is capable to prevent developing of diabetes caused by group of diabetogenic zincbinding chemicals whereas the oxidized form of the glutathione (GOF) contrary to GRF only what does not contain in a molecule of SH-group, was completely incapable to prevent developing of diabetum caused by this group of substances. It was shown that treatment of animal GRF is followed by emergence the completely negative reaction to zinc B-cells that it is possible to explain withbinding of zinc

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Ecker, Veronika, Sandra Huber, Wencke Walter, et al. "Phenotypic and Genetic Heterogeneity of NPM1 Mutated AML at Diagnosis and during Course of Disease." Blood 144, Supplement 1 (2024): 6118. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2024-209675.

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Introduction: AML with NPM1 mutation represents the largest genetic AML entity, detected in around 30% of adults with newly diagnosed disease. Despite overall favorable outcome it is highly heterogeneous with respect to mutational pattern, clonal hierarchy, blast immunophenotypes (IP) and gene expression profiles. Patients therefore may benefit from improved sub-classification at diagnosis. Flow cytometry is frequently applied and essential at diagnosis for lineage discrimination and marker-based blast assessment. Aim: To subclassify NPM1 mutated (mut) AML patients at diagnosis based on IP and

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Chen, Hongxu, Yangang Pei, Wanjia Tang, et al. "Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the GRF and GIF Gene Families in Prunus avium." Agronomy 15, no. 1 (2025): 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15010153.

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Prunus avium is a woody plant of economic importance within the genus Prunus, the family Rosaceae, which is affected by various environmental factors during its long growth period. Growth-regulating factors (GRFs) and GRF-interacting factors (GIFs) are essential in regulating plant growth and development, responding to environmental stresses, and responding to exogenous hormone induction. Genome-wide analysis showed 13 GRF genes on eight chromosomes and three GIF genes on three chromosomes in P. avium, clustered into three and two branches, respectively. Cis-acting element analysis indicated t

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Khosravi-Far, R., M. Chrzanowska-Wodnicka, P. A. Solski, A. Eva, K. Burridge, and C. J. Der. "Dbl and Vav mediate transformation via mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways that are distinct from those activated by oncogenic Ras." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 10 (1994): 6848–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.10.6848-6857.1994.

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Vav and Dbl are members of a novel class of oncogene proteins that share significant sequence identity in a approximately 250-amino-acid domain, designated the Dbl homology domain. Although Dbl functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) and activator of Rho family proteins, recent evidence has demonstrated that Vav functions as a GEF for Ras proteins. Thus, transformation by Vav and Dbl may be a consequence of constitutive activation of Ras and Rho proteins, respectively. To address this possibility, we have compared the transforming activities of Vav and Dbl with that of the Ras

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Khosravi-Far, R., M. Chrzanowska-Wodnicka, P. A. Solski, A. Eva, K. Burridge, and C. J. Der. "Dbl and Vav mediate transformation via mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways that are distinct from those activated by oncogenic Ras." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 10 (1994): 6848–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.10.6848.

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Vav and Dbl are members of a novel class of oncogene proteins that share significant sequence identity in a approximately 250-amino-acid domain, designated the Dbl homology domain. Although Dbl functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) and activator of Rho family proteins, recent evidence has demonstrated that Vav functions as a GEF for Ras proteins. Thus, transformation by Vav and Dbl may be a consequence of constitutive activation of Ras and Rho proteins, respectively. To address this possibility, we have compared the transforming activities of Vav and Dbl with that of the Ras

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6

Dreyfus, JC. "Le GRF." médecine/sciences 2, no. 6 (1986): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/10608/3528.

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7

Edwards, C. A., C. Dieguez, J. Ham, J. R. Peters, and M. F. Scanlon. "Evidence that growth hormone depletion and uncoupling of the regulatory protein of adenylate cyclase (Ns) both contribute to the desensitization of growth hormone responses to growth hormone-releasing factor." Journal of Endocrinology 116, no. 2 (1988): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1160185.

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ABSTRACT Recent data suggest that the response of GH to GH-releasing factor (GRF) is reduced following prior exposure to high concentrations of GRF. However, it is unknown whether this is due to alterations in GRF receptors, adenylate cyclase activity or the size of a GRF-releasable storage pool of GH. In order to clarify these questions we have compared the effects of pretreatment with GRF (10 nmol/l every 2 h for 12 h) with those of pretreatment with somatostatin (SRIF; 1 μmol/l), forskolin (10 μmol/l) and GRF plus SRIF (10 nmol/l and 1 μmol/l added together) on the subsequent responses of G

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8

Clayton, R. N., and L. C. Bailey. "Somatostatin partially reverses desensitization of somatotrophs induced by growth hormone-releasing factor." Journal of Endocrinology 112, no. 1 (1987): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1120069.

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ABSTRACT The effect of somatostatin on GH-releasing factor (GRF)-induced desensitization of somatotrophs was studied in vitro. Primary cultures of rat anterior pituitary cells pretreated for 4 or 18 h with GRF(1–40) (100 nmol/l) showed a 50% or greater reduction in maximal GH release when rechallenged with 10 nmol GRF/l. Rechallenge GRF dose–response curves were either very flat, making accurate measurement of the dose giving 50% maximum stimulation (ED50) impossible, or the ED50 concentration was increased from 0·3 nmol/l (untreated) to 2 nmol/l (GRF pretreated). Although GRF pretreatment red

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9

Kim, Yongwook. "Effects of Metatarsal Foot Orthosis on Biomechanical 3D Ground Reaction Force in Individuals with Morton Foot Syndrome during Gait: A Cross-Sectional Study." Life 14, no. 3 (2024): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life14030388.

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Morton’s foot syndrome (MFS) is characterized by a distally longer head of the second metatarsal bone compared to the head of the first metatarsal bone. Few studies have investigated the effects of a foot orthosis on kinetic characteristics, such as ground reaction force (GRF), during walking in individuals with MFS. This study aimed to verify dynamic GRF using a 3D motion analysis system, including two platforms with and without a foot orthosis condition. Kinetic GRF data of 26 participants with MFS were collected using a motion analysis system and a force platform. Participants were asked to

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VAN VLIET, G., D. BOSSON, E. RUMMENS, C. ROBYN, and R. WOLTER. "Evidence against growth hormone-releasing factor deficiency in children with idiopathic obesity." Acta Endocrinologica 113, no. 4_Suppl (1986): S403—S410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.112s403.

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Abstract The mechnisms whereby growth hormone (GH) secretion is decreased in human obsity remain obscure. We studied the response of plasma GH and prolactin (PRL) to an I.V. dose of 0.5 mcg/kg of growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) in three groups of children: lean (N=12), obese (N=15) and GRF-deficient, i.e. children with complete GH deficiency on the basis of conventional provocative testing and evidence of hypothalamic dyfunction on the basis of thyrotropin-releasing hormone testing (N=7). Mean (±SEM) peak plasma GH after GRF was blunted to the same extent in obese and in GRF deficient ch

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11

Yeo, Ying Heng, Muhammad Fauzinizam Razali, Zaidi Mohd Ripin, et al. "Bilateral Ground Reaction Force Prediction Using Deep Learning Models and Custom Force Plate." IIUM Engineering Journal 26, no. 1 (2025): 524–48. https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v26i1.3379.

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Several low-cost force plates have been proposed as alternatives for laboratory-grade force plates. Nevertheless, the inability to quantify bilateral ground reaction force (GRF) prevents these inexpensive force plates from being used for biomechanical analysis and certain clinical metric acquisition. This study developed deep-learning models, such as autoencoder and U-net, to predict bilateral GRF from vertical GRF measured using a low-cost custom force plate during sit-to-stand, gait initialization, and gait. Results indicated that the U-net model, which utilized STFT vertical GRF as input, p

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Yang, Feng Liu, and Yan Qing Wang. "Free and Forced Vibration of Beams Reinforced by 3D Graphene Foam." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 12, no. 05 (2020): 2050056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825120500568.

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In this paper, free and forced vibrations of nanocomposite beams reinforced by 3D graphene foam (3D-GrF) are studied. Different distributions of 3D-GrF in the beam thickness direction are considered. In accordance with the rule of mixture, the effective Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio and mass density of the 3D-GrF reinforced beams are predicted. Based on the Timoshenko beam theory, the governing equation of the 3D-GrF reinforced beam is derived by using the Lagrange equation. The natural frequencies and dynamic responses of the 3D-GrF reinforced beam are solved by the Ritz method and the New

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Pell, J. M., and S. James. "Immuno-enhancement and -inhibition of GH-releasing factor by site-directed anti peptide antibodies in vivo and in vitro." Journal of Endocrinology 146, no. 3 (1995): 535–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1460535.

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Abstract It is now well established that specific antibodies and binding proteins can potentiate rather than inhibit hormone activity. In order to investigate this phenomenon further, the current study was undertaken using a hormone with a characterised structure, in terms of receptor binding, and for which activity has already been manipulated in specific ways (prolongation of half-life, increased receptor affinity) using synthetic hormone analogues. GH-releasing factor (GRF) is a 40 or 44 residue peptide and is, together with somatostatin, responsible for the regulation of GH secretion. The

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Ha, Anh, Yunfeng Lin, and Shan Yan. "A non-canonical role for the DNA glycosylase NEIL3 in suppressing APE1 endonuclease-mediated ssDNA damage." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 41 (2020): 14222–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra120.014228.

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The DNA glycosylase NEIL3 has been implicated in DNA repair pathways including the base excision repair and the interstrand cross-link repair pathways via its DNA glycosylase and/or AP lyase activity, which are considered canonical roles of NEIL3 in genome integrity. Compared with the other DNA glycosylases NEIL1 and NEIL2, Xenopus laevis NEIL3 C terminus has two highly conserved zinc finger motifs containing GRXF residues (designated as Zf-GRF). It has been demonstrated that the minor AP endonuclease APE2 contains only one Zf-GRF motif mediating interaction with single-strand DNA (ssDNA), whe

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15

Losa, Marco, Jochen Schopohl, O. Albrecht Müller, and Klaus von Werder. "Growth hormone releasing factor induces prolactin secretion in acromegalic patients but not in normal subjects." Acta Endocrinologica 109, no. 4 (1985): 467–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1090467.

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Abstract. The effect of an iv injection of growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) on Prl secretion in healthy volunteers and patients with active acromegaly was investigated. Thirteen normal subjects received 100 μg GRF 1-44, and 19 acromegalics received 100 μg GRF 1-44. Nine normals and 9 patients were given the diluent only and served as placebo control. In healthy volunteers GRF did not affect Prl secretion significantly when compared to placebo, whereas in acromegalics Prl levels after GRF were higher than after placebo. We have divided acromegalics in Prl-responders to GRF (n = 11) and Prl

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16

Huang, Guodong, Tao Zhang, Yi Chen, Fei Yang, Huadong Huang, and Yongwu Zhao. "Graphite Fluoride as a Novel Solider Lubricant Additive for Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Composites with Excellent Tribological Properties." Lubricants 11, no. 9 (2023): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11090403.

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The tribological properties of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) play a significant role in artificial joint materials. Graphite fluoride (GrF), a novel solid lubricant, was incorporated into ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) at different concentrations via ball milling and heat pressing to prepare the GrF-UHMW-PE composites. The structure, hardness, and tribological behavior of the composites were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, ball indentation hardness, and a reciprocating ball-on-plane friction t

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Morley, Joanna B., Leslie M. Decker, Tracy Dierks, Daniel Blanke, Jeffrey A. French, and Nicholas Stergiou. "Effects of Varying Amounts of Pronation on the Mediolateral Ground Reaction Forces during Barefoot versus Shod Running." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 26, no. 2 (2010): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.26.2.205.

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Despite extensive research on running mechanics, there is still a knowledge gap with respect to the degree of relationship between mediolateral ground reaction forces (ML-GRF) and foot pronation. Our goal was to investigate whether differences exist in ML-GRF among runners that exhibit different degrees of pronation. Seventeen male and 13 female recreational runners ran with and without shoes while ML-GRF and frontal kinematics were collected simultaneously. Subjects were divided into groups based upon their peak eversion (low pronation, middle pronation, high pronation). Discrete parameters f

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Kazmer, G. W., and S. A. Zinn. "Serum somatotropin concentrations in Holstein heifers administered growth hormone-releasing factor and somatostatin." Animal Science 66, no. 3 (1998): 551–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800009127.

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AbstractDose-response experiments were designed to determine the dosage of somatostatin (SRIF) necessary to alter serum growth hormone (GH) response to administration of GH-releasing factor (1·44; GRF) in cattle. The objective of this experimentation was to develop a GRF/SRIF challenge model that might be useful in early identification of animals which are genetically superior for milk production traits. In experiment 1, calves received either 0, 5 or 10 /JLg GRF per 100 kg body weight (BW) or GRF 1·29 at 1 ug per 100 kg BW. Both the 5 and 10 ug GRF per 100 kg BW dosages increased GH concentra

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Park, Junghoon, Sangjoon Kim, Youngjin Na, Yeongjin Kim, and Jung Kim. "Development of a Bendable Outsole Biaxial Ground Reaction Force Measurement System." Sensors 19, no. 11 (2019): 2641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19112641.

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Wearable ground reaction force (GRF) measurement systems make it possible to measure the GRF in any environment, unlike a commercial force plate. When performing kinetic analysis with the GRF, measurement of multiaxial GRF is important for evaluating forward and lateral motion during natural gait. In this paper, we propose a bendable GRF measurement system that can measure biaxial (vertical and anterior-posterior) GRF without interrupting the natural gait. Eight custom small biaxial force sensors based on an optical sensing mechanism were installed in the proposed system. The interference betw

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Schofl, C., J. Sandow, and W. Knepel. "GRF elevates cytosolic free calcium concentration in rat anterior pituitary cells." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 253, no. 5 (1987): E591—E594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1987.253.5.e591.

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The effect of human growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) on intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was examined in rat anterior pituitary cells. The [Ca2+]i was monitored directly by means of the intracellularly trapped fluorescent indicator, fura-2. GRF rapidly elevated [Ca2+]i, reaching a new plateau within approximately 30 s. The half-maximally effective concentration of GRF was approximately 130 pM. GRF produced a maximal increase in [Ca2+]i by approximately 120 nM. The GRF (2 nM)-induced elevation of [Ca2+]i was abolished by removal of extracellular calcium (Ca2+ omitted, 2 m

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Olchovsky, D., J. F. Bruno, and M. Berelowitz. "Growth hormone-releasing factor expression is discordantly regulated in the hypothalamus and testis of streptozotocin-diabetic rats." Journal of Endocrinology 148, no. 2 (1996): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1480189.

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Abstract Growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) mRNA expression in male rats occurs predominantly in the hypothalamus (mainly in the arcuate nucleus), and among extraneural sites primarily in the testis. Hypothalamic GRF is the physiological tropic stimulus to growth hormone secretion. However, the role of GRF in the testis is unknown. We have shown previously that hypothalamic GRF mRNA expression is significantly reduced in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. This reduction is confined to the arcuate nucleus and probably accounts for the suppression of growth hormone pulsatility. The present s

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ALEXANDER, Leon. "Re: Problems with GRF." Journal of Hand Surgery (Asian-Pacific Volume) 27, no. 01 (2022): 213–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424835522200016.

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B.RANKE, MICHAEL. "Clinical Experience with GRF." Acta Paediatrica 75, s325 (1986): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1986.tb10375.x.

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Massara, Ferdinando, Ezio Ghigo, Pia Molinatti, et al. "Potentiation of cholinergic tone by pyridostigmine bromide re-instates and potentiates the growth hormone responsiveness to intermittent administration of growth hormone-releasing factor in man." Acta Endocrinologica 113, no. 1 (1986): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1130012.

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Abstract. It is known that in normal subjects repeated administrations of the growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) induces a state of partial refractoriness of the somatotropes to GRF. Studies were conducted to verify whether the cholinergic system plays a role in the mechanism(s) underlying the reduced GH responsiveness to the neuropeptide. In five healthy men, the GH response to three consecutive injections of GRF (50 μg iv), administered at 2 h intervals, was considerably blunted after the second and third GRF bolus. Administration of the inhibitor of cholinesterase, pyridostigmine bromide

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Jager, S., R. Balthazard, A. Dahoun, and E. Mortier. "Filler Content, Surface Microhardness, and Rheological Properties of Various Flowable Resin Composites." Operative Dentistry 41, no. 6 (2016): 655–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/16-031-l.

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SUMMARY Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the filler content, the surface microhardness (at baseline and after immersion in water for 2 years), and the rheological properties of various flowable resin composites. Methods: Three flowable resin composites (Grandioso Heavy Flow [GHF], Grandio Flow [GRF], Filtek Supreme XTE Flow [XTE]), one pit and fissure sealant resin composite (ClinPro [CLI]), and three experimental flowable resin composites with the same matrix and a variable filler content (EXPA, EXPB, EXPC) were tested. The filler content was determined by calcinatio

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Nasseri, Azadeh, Riad Akhundov, Adam L. Bryant, David G. Lloyd, and David J. Saxby. "Limiting the Use of Electromyography and Ground Reaction Force Data Changes the Magnitude and Ranking of Modelled Anterior Cruciate Ligament Forces." Bioengineering 10, no. 3 (2023): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10030369.

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Neuromusculoskeletal models often require three-dimensional (3D) body motions, ground reaction forces (GRF), and electromyography (EMG) as input data. Acquiring these data in real-world settings is challenging, with barriers such as the cost of instruments, setup time, and operator skills to correctly acquire and interpret data. This study investigated the consequences of limiting EMG and GRF data on modelled anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) forces during a drop–land–jump task in late-/post-pubertal females. We compared ACL forces generated by a reference model (i.e., EMG-informed neural mode

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Leng, Jing, Tianzi Guo, Meng Yang, et al. "Analysis of Low-Velocity Impact Resistance of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites Based on the Content of Incorporated Graphite Fluoride." Materials 13, no. 1 (2020): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13010187.

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As a graphite derivative, graphite fluoride (GrF) has a remarkable fracture toughness improvement effect on epoxy materials. The fracture toughness variation of the epoxy could exert an influence on the low velocity impact resistance of the corresponding carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite. Therefore, the dependence of the low velocity impact resistance of the incorporated CFRP on the GrF content is worth analyzing. Here, different contents of GrF were applied to incorporate CFRP laminates and planned to find the optimal GrF content, in turn leading to the best impact resistance.

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Sainz, RD, BJ Hosking, FJ Hart, and BR Schricker. "Exogenous growth hormone releasing factors and cottonseed meal improve growth performance and composition of gain in lambs fed lucerne chaff ad libitum." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 45, no. 6 (1994): 1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9941111.

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Forty-eight crossbred wether lambs (38 kg) were randomly assigned to two dietary groups (LUC, chaffed lucerne ad libitum; CSM, LUC plus 300 g cottonseed meal/lday) and two hormone treatment groups (rGRF, recombinant growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF); sGRF, synthetic GRF) plus controls (CON, excipient only), and slaughtered after treatment for 28 (n = 36) or 30 (n = 12) days. An initial slaughter group (n = 12) was killed on day 0. CSM reduced intake of lucerne chaff, but increased total feed intake. CSM also increased liveweight gain and wool growth, with no effect on feed conversion effic

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Dubreuil, P., P. Brazeau, and J. Morisset. "Effect of Somatocrinin and a Somatostatin Antiserum on Liver Growth in the Rat." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 6, no. 1 (1987): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1987.tb09256.x.

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SummaryThis study examines the effects of somatocrinin (GRF) and somatostatin antiserum (ASS) alone, and in combination, on liver growth. Twenty‐four‐day‐old rats were injected s.c. twice daily for 14 days with either saline or GRF (4 and 20 μg · kg‐1)‐ASS was given i.p. every 2 days. GRF alone had no effect on liver weight, but produced hyperplasia and increased RNA content. ASS alone had no effect on RNA, DNA, and protein contents. Potentiation of the effects of GRF by ASS was observed on liver weight and DNA content. Indeed, this combined treatment resulted in increased organ weight and hyp

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Richardson, S. B., and S. Twente. "Pre-exposure of rat anterior pituitary cells to somatostatin enhances subsequent growth hormone secretion." Journal of Endocrinology 128, no. 1 (1991): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1280091.

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ABSTRACT The precise roles of GH-releasing factor (GRF) and somatostatin (SRIF) in the orchestration of pulsatile GH secretion have not yet been fully determined. We examined the interactions of rat GRF and SRIF, in the concentration ranges present in rat hypophysialportal blood, on the secretion of GH from dispersed male rat anterior pituitary cells in monolayer culture. The effects of exposing cells to GRF and/or SRIF (0·01–1·nmol/l) for 1 h were compared with the effects of preincubation of cells with SRIF before experimental incubations. As anticipated, the stimulatory effects of 0·1–1 nmo

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Wearing, Scott C., James E. Smeathers, and Stephen R. Urry. "Frequency-Domain Analysis Detects Previously Unidentified Changes in Ground Reaction Force with Visually Guided Foot Placement." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 19, no. 1 (2003): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.19.1.71.

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Studies investigating the effect of targeting on gait have focused on the analysis of ground reaction force (GRF) within the time domain. Analysis within the frequency domain may be a more sensitive method for evaluating variations in GRF. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of visual targeting on GRF analyzed within the frequency domain. A within-subject repeated-measures design was used to measure the mediolateral, vertical, and antero-posterior components of the GRF of 11 healthy volunteers while walking at their own pace over a paper-covered walkway. A 30 × 24-cm tar

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Park, Dong Chul, Se Jong Kim, Ji Ho Kang, Hyunggyu Jeon, Hyeong Jun Choi, and Sae Yong Lee. "Relationship of Ball Speed with Kinematic and Kinetic Patterns during Pitching." Korean Journal of Sport Science 35, no. 2 (2024): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.24985/kjss.2024.35.2.288.

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PURPOSE This study aimed to analyze the differences in ground reaction forces (GRF) and pelvis and trunk kinematic patterns between groups based on ball speed during pitching.METHODS Twenty-nine males were recruited for this study. Participants were categorized based on ball speed into high (HG), medium (MG), and low (LG) ball speed groups. Statistical analysis was performed using one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping (SPM1D) one-way analysis of variance to compare GRF and pelvis and trunk kinematic patterns, followed by Bonferroni post-hoc tests.RESULTS Drive leg anterior and resulta

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Wu, D., C. Chen, J. Zhang, C. Y. Bowers, and I. J. Clarke. "The effects of GH-releasing peptide-6 (GHRP-6) and GHRP-2 on intracellular adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) levels and GH secretion in ovine and rat somatotrophs." Journal of Endocrinology 148, no. 2 (1996): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1480197.

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Abstract The mechanism of action of GH-releasing peptide-6 (GHRP-6) and GHRP-2 on GH release was investigated in ovine and rat pituitary cells in vitro. In partially purified sheep somatotrophs, GHRP-2 and GH-releasing factor (GRF) increased intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) concentrations and caused GH release in a dose-dependent manner; GHRP-6 did not increase cAMP levels. An additive effect of maximal doses of GRF and GHRP-2 was observed in both cAMP and GH levels whereas combined GHRP-6 and GHRP-2 at maximal doses produced an additive effect on GH release only. Pretreatment of the cells with

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Nedergaard, Niels J., Jasper Verheul, Barry Drust, et al. "The feasibility of predicting ground reaction forces during running from a trunk accelerometry driven mass-spring-damper model." PeerJ 6 (December 20, 2018): e6105. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6105.

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Background Monitoring the external ground reaction forces (GRF) acting on the human body during running could help to understand how external loads influence tissue adaptation over time. Although mass-spring-damper (MSD) models have the potential to simulate the complex multi-segmental mechanics of the human body and predict GRF, these models currently require input from measured GRF limiting their application in field settings. Based on the hypothesis that the acceleration of the MSD-model’s upper mass primarily represents the acceleration of the trunk segment, this paper explored the feasibi

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Miki, N., M. Ono, and K. Shizumen. "Withdrawal of endogenous somatostatin induces secretion of growth hormone-releasing factor in rats." Journal of Endocrinology 117, no. 2 (1988): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1170245.

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ABSTRACT Secretion of GH occurs in episodic bursts under the dual control of two hypothalamic peptides, GH-releasing factor (GRF) and GH-inhibiting factor (somatostatin, SRIF). Recent studies in rats suggest that episodic GH secretion is generated by the periodic release of GRF, which is associated with the simultaneous withdrawal of SRIF secretion. To test the possibility that GRF discharge is functionally coupled with the withdrawal of SRIF, we investigated whether acute withdrawal of SRIF can induce GRF release by the rat hypothalamus using highly specific antisera against SRIF and rat GRF.

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Buchsbaum, R., J. B. Telliez, S. Goonesekera, and L. A. Feig. "The N-terminal pleckstrin, coiled-coil, and IQ domains of the exchange factor Ras-GRF act cooperatively to facilitate activation by calcium." Molecular and Cellular Biology 16, no. 9 (1996): 4888–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.16.9.4888.

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We have recently shown that the neuronal exchange factor p140 Ras-GRF becomes activated in vivo in response to elevated calcium levels [C. L. Farnsworth, N. W. Freshney, L. B. Rosen, A. Ghosh, M. E. Greenberg, and L. A. Feig, Nature (London) 376:524-527, 1995]. Activation is mediated by calcium-induced calmodulin binding to an IQ domain near the N terminus of Ras-GRF. Here we show that the adjacent N-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH), coiled-coil, and IQ domains function cooperatively to allow Ras-GRF activation. Deletion of the N-terminal PH domain redistributes a large percentage of Ras-GRF

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Zhang, Zhongrong, Shaowen Quan, Jianxin Niu, et al. "Comprehensive Identification and Analyses of the GRF Gene Family in the Whole-Genome of Four Juglandaceae Species." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 20 (2022): 12663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012663.

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The GRF gene family plays an important role in plant growth and development as regulators involved in plant hormone signaling and metabolism. However, the Juglandaceae GRF gene family remains to be studied. Here, we identified 15, 15, 19, and 20 GRF genes in J. regia, C. illinoinensis, J. sigillata, and J. mandshurica, respectively. The phylogeny shows that the Juglandaceae family GRF is divided into two subfamilies, the ε-group and the non-ε-group, and that selection pressure analysis did not detect amino acid loci subject to positive selection pressure. In addition, we found that the duplica

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Mohamed Refai, Mohamed Irfan, Bert-Jan F. van Beijnum, Jaap H. Buurke, and Peter H. Veltink. "Portable Gait Lab: Estimating Over-Ground 3D Ground Reaction Forces Using Only a Pelvis IMU." Sensors 20, no. 21 (2020): 6363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20216363.

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As an alternative to force plates, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) at the pelvis can offer an ambulatory method for measuring total center of mass (CoM) accelerations and, thereby, the ground reaction forces (GRF) during gait. The challenge here is to estimate the 3D components of the GRF. We employ a calibration procedure and an error state extended Kalman filter based on an earlier work to estimate the instantaneous 3D GRF for different over-ground walking patterns. The GRF were then expressed in a body-centric reference frame, to enable an ambulatory setup not related to a fixed global f

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Dickson, P. R., and F. J. Vaccarino. "Characterization of feeding behavior induced by central injection of GRF." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 259, no. 3 (1990): R651—R657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1990.259.3.r651.

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The behavior resulting from injection of rat hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 pmol) into the suprachiasmatic nucleus-medial preoptic area (SCN/MPOA) or the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus was examined. After injections of GRF, feeding and other behavioral responses of male Wistar rats were observed for 90 min. In the SCN/MPOA, GRF dose dependently increased food intake, increasing mean meal length at 0.1 pmol and increasing rate of eating with no effect on meal length at 1.0 pmol. Other behavioral measures were unaffected by GRF. There was

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BUTENANDT, O., M. EMMLINGER, and H. DOERR. "Single and repeated testing of growth hormone secretory capacity in hypopituitarism using growth hormone releasing factor." Acta Endocrinologica 113, no. 4_Suppl (1986): S118—S122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.112s118.

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Abstract 38 patients with proven growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and 19 children with familial short stature received an iv GRF-bolus injection of 1 ug/kg body weight. Whereas in all control children plasma growth hormone rose significantly (mean of maximal values 36 ng/ml), only 7 out of 38 patients with GHD reached peak values of 8 ng/ml or more. GRF-priming by 1 ug GRF/kg BW given once daily s.c. for 5 days in 19 patients improved the response of the pituitary gland in 11. Thus, following the first GRF test, only 21 % of patients demonstrated function of the pituitary gland whereas 45 % did

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Dadousis, Christos, Francesca Cecchi, Michela Ablondi, Maria Chiara Fabbri, Alessandra Stella, and Riccardo Bozzi. "Keep Garfagnina alive. An integrated study on patterns of homozygosity, genomic inbreeding, admixture and breed traceability of the Italian Garfagnina goat breed." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (2021): e0232436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232436.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of the Garfagnina (GRF) goat, a breed that currently risks extinction. For this purpose, 48 goats were genotyped with the Illumina CaprineSNP50 BeadChip and analyzed together with 214 goats belonging to 9 other Italian breeds (~25 goats/breed), whose genotypes were available from the AdaptMap project [Argentata (ARG), Bionda dell’Adamello (BIO), Ciociara Grigia (CCG), Di Teramo (DIT), Garganica (GAR), Girgentana (GGT), Orobica (ORO), Valdostana (VAL) and Valpassiria (VSS)]. Comparative analyses were conducted on i) runs of ho

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Koshi, Ryosuke, Kazuhiko Kotani, Mariko Ohtsu, Naoto Yoshinuma та Naoyuki Sugano. "Application of Lactoferrin andα1-Antitrypsin in Gingival Retention Fluid to Diagnosis of Periodontal Disease". Disease Markers 2018 (7 листопада 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4308291.

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Objectives.Periodontal disease is prevalent and has an inflammation associated with not only oral but also systemic pathologies. The diagnosis by biomarkers is required for clinical practice on periodontal disease. The lactoferrin andα1-antitrypsin were both inflammation-related molecules. The present study investigated the relationship between the periodontal status and the two biomarkers in gingival retention fluid (GRF).Patients and Methods. In 63 subjects with periodontitis, the GRF was sampled from maxillary anterior gingiva using a microbrush for 30 seconds. The lactoferrin andα1-antitry

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Thorner, Michael O., Mary Lee Vance, William S. Evans, et al. "Growth hormone releasing factor and somatomedin C production: Extrahypothalamic localization and possible functional significance." Acta Endocrinologica 113, no. 2_Suppla (1986): S34—S40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.111s0034.

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Abstract. Growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) is found in the highest concentration (albeit lower compared to other hypothalamic regulatory hormones) in the hypothalamus. There is mounting evidence that GRF-like immunoreactivity is found in other sites in the CNS and in the periphery. The role of GRF, other than to stimulate growth hormone secretion by the somatotroph, is unknown. In addition generation of IGF-1 in response to GRF appears to be dependent on an intact pituitary.

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Tuncal, Arif, and Ufuk Erol. "Analyzing the New Global Reporting Format from the Pilot Perspective." International Journal of Aviation Science and Technology vm05, is02 (2024): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.23890/ijast.vm05is02.0204.

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Global Reporting Format (GRF) for runway surface conditions is an important step in improving aviation safety by providing standardized and consistent information. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of the GRF among pilots. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to comprehensively address all aspects of the study. The sample consisted of 266 pilots. Findings showed that the majority of pilots are aware of the GRF and value its benefits, such as consistency, reliability, and standardized terminology, despite it being a new method. Pilots highlighte

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Ozdiler, Arda, Enishan Ozcan, Omer Kutay, and Gulbahar ISIK-OZKOL. "Vertical removal force and torsional resistance of a screwless Morse taper implant connection." Edorium Journal of Dentistry 2, no. 2 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5348/d01-2015-7-oa-5.

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Aims: The aim of this study was to measure the removal force and vertical tensile strength of a screwless Morse taper connection and compare it with screw retained connections. Methods: n order to measure the vertical tensile and torsional strength of the connection, a total of 12 Octo Implants (Tasarimmed, Istanbul, Turkey) 4 mm wide and 10 mm in length were used with a screwless Morse taper connection. Six repeated shots were applied to abutments for each standardized force: 300 grF, 500 grF, 800 grF, 1000 grF, 1400 grF, and 2500 grF. Measurements of vertical tensile strength and torsional s

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Ohmura, E., M. Okada, Y. Ohba, et al. "Phorbol ester pretreatment attenuates the growth hormone (GH) response to GH-releasing factor in cultured rat pituitary cells." Journal of Endocrinology 118, no. 3 (1988): 423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1180423.

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ABSTRACT The effect of phorbol ester pretreatment on rat (r) GH release induced by GH-releasing factor (GRF) or 8-bromo-cyclic (c)AMP was investigated using rat pituitary cells cultured in monolayers. Pretreatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) for 3 h significantly suppressed the rGH release induced by GRF, but not that by 8-bromo-cAMP 20 h later; this suppressive effect of TPA was concentration-dependent from 8 to 160 nmol/l, and complete suppression was observed after pretreatment with 80–160 nmol TPA/l. Production of cAMP by pituitary cells stimulated with GRF was similarl

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Cheng, Zhihan, Shiqi Wen, Yuke Wu, et al. "Comparatively Evolution and Expression Analysis of GRF Transcription Factor Genes in Seven Plant Species." Plants 12, no. 15 (2023): 2790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12152790.

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Growth regulatory factors (GRF) are plant-specific transcription factors that play pivotal roles in growth and various abiotic stresses regulation. However, adaptive evolution of GRF gene family in land plants are still being elucidated. Here, we performed the evolutionary and expression analysis of GRF gene family from seven representative species. Extensive phylogenetic analyses and gene structure analysis revealed that the number of genes, QLQ domain and WRC domain identified in higher plants was significantly greater than those identified in lower plants. Besides, dispersed duplication and

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Miller, Doris I., and Mauno A. Nissinen. "Critical Examination of Ground Reaction Force in the Running Forward Somersault." International Journal of Sport Biomechanics 3, no. 3 (1987): 189–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsb.3.3.189.

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Ground reaction forces (GRF) elicited by nine male gymnasts during a running forward somersault were examined to investigate their characteristics in relation to the performance. Support averaged 135 ms with braking GRF dominating in the antero-posterior direction. Vertically, impact averaging 13.6 body weights (BW) was recorded followed by a second peak of 6.1 BW. The relative minimum in vertical GRF and lowest body position coincided temporally at 23% of support time; maximum knee flexion and minimum distance between the center of gravity (CG) and the support point occurred at 36 and 37%, re

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Judd, A. M., K. Koike, and R. M. MacLeod. "GRF increases release of growth hormone and arachidonate from anterior pituitary cells." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 248, no. 4 (1985): E438—E442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1985.248.4.e438.

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Arachidonate and its metabolites increase growth hormone release in vitro. A study was designed to determine whether arachidonate release from anterior pituitary cells is modified by growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) or somatostatin (SRIF). Cultured pituitary cells were incubated with [3H]arachidonate to esterify the long-chain fatty acid into cellular lipids. The cells were extensively washed with medium containing no [3H]arachidonate and then incubated with GRF and/or SRIF for 30 min. The incubation medium was then extracted with ethyl acetate, and following thin-layer chromatographic se

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Huang, Wenhui, Xiongjian Lin, Zhenqin Li, Jinglin Mai, Mengqin Hu, and Hongbo Zhu. "Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Growth-Regulating Factor Family in Sweet Potato and Its Two Relatives." Genes 15, no. 8 (2024): 1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes15081064.

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Growth-regulating factor (GRF) is a multi-gene family that plays an important role in plant growth and development and is widely present in plants. Currently, GRF gene members have been reported in many plants, but the GRF gene family has not been found in sweet potato. In this study, ten GRF genes were identified in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), twelve and twelve were identified in its two diploid relatives (Ipomoea trifida) and (Ipomoea triloba), which were unevenly distributed on nine different chromosomes. Subcellular localization analysis showed that GRF genes of sweet potato, I. trifid

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