Dissertations / Theses: 'Grice's maxims'

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Al-Saedi, Hayder Tuama Jasim. "A PRAGMATIC STUDY OF THE COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE AND GRICE'S MAXIMS IN LOIS LOWRY'S THE GIVER." OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1288.

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The purpose of this study is to examine the language of literary texts based on the pragmatic theories; Cooperative Principle and Grice's maxims. The researcher collected data from a science fiction novel, The Giver by Los Lowry. The findings reveal that most of the time, Lowry made the characters disobey Grice's maxims and the Cooperative Principle. Observance of the maxims was less than failure to observe the maxims. Lowry had her characters fail to observe the maxims for specific purposes such as generating new implicatures, hiding the truth for a period, or persuading and convincing the readers about a message Lowry wanted to convey.

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Lööf, Johan. "Gricean Maxims in the TV Series The Office : An analysis of the character Dwight regarding failure to observe Gricean maxims." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-69397.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the rule breaking of Gricean conversational Maxims and how it is used in the TV series The Office. The character Dwight has been in focus, and the main goal of this study is to find out if and how he violates the Gricean Maxims in conversations. The study is based on written transcripts from four episodes of this TV series. The character Dwight's conversations from these episodes have been analyzed in order to see how one or more of the four conversational maxims (quantity, quality, manner and relation) were dealt with. The maxim that Dwight turned out to break the most was the maxim of relation. Dwight is a character that contributes to this series by repeatedly breaking the conversational maxims.
Syftet med denna studie är att analysera överträdelser av Grices samtalsmaximer och hur de används in tv-serien The Office. Karaktären Dwight är i fokus och målet med studien är att ta reda på om och hur han bryter mot Grices samtalsmaximer. Studien baseras på fyra transkriberade avsnitt från denna tv-serie. Dwights konversationer i dessa fyra olika avsnitt har analyserats för att se hur en eller flera av konversationsmaximerna (kvantitet, kvalitet, uppförande och relation) har behandlats. Den maxim som Dwight visade sig bryta mot mest var relationsmaximen. Dwight är en karaktär som bidrar till denna humorserie genom att frekvent bryta mot samtalsmaximerna.

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Leonardi, Barbara. "An exploration of gender stereotypes in the work of James Hogg." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20351.

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A self-educated shepherd, Scottish writer James Hogg (1770-1835) spoke from a position outside the dominant discourse, depicting issues of his age related to gender, class, and ethnicity by giving voice to people from the margins and, thus (either consciously or unconsciously), revealing gender politics and Britain's imperial aims. Hogg’s contemporary critics received his work rather negatively, viewing his subjects such as prostitution, out-of-wedlock-pregnancy, infanticide, and the violence of war as violating the principles of literary politeness. Hogg’s obstinacy in addressing these issues, however, supports the thesis that his aim was far more significant than challenging the expectations of his contemporary readers. This project shows that pragmatics can be applied productively to literature because its eclecticism offers the possibility of developing a detailed discussion about three aspects of literary communication—the author, the reader and the text—without prioritising any of them. Literature is an instance of language in use (the field of pragmatics) where an author creates the texts and a reader recreates the author’s message through the text. Analysis of Hogg’s flouting of Grice’s maxims for communication strategies and of his defying the principles of politeness enables a theoretically supported discussion about Hogg’s possible intentions, as well as about how his intentions were perceived by the literary establishment of his time; while both relevance theory and Bakhtin’s socio-linguistics enriched by a historically contextualised politeness shed new light on the negative reception of Hogg’s texts.

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Zor, Bayram Mustafa. "Using Grice." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607724/index.pdf.

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Coherence in written discourse has been a problematic concept for many English Language Teachers when teaching to write in English. It is considered as a crucial part of academic written discourse, which students are expected to master to be able to pursue their academic studies. This study aims to examine how much the coherence-related difficulties/problems of Turkish EFL students in writing English essays are related to writing Turkish essays. The subjects for this study were chosen from the upper-intermediate level students at the Preparatory Program of Istanbul Bilgi University. For a detailed understanding of the nature of the coherence-related difficulties/problems of students&rsquo
Turkish and English essays, this study suggests a pragmatic analysis, involving the use of Grice&rsquo
s Cooperative Principle and maxims and sub-maxims of Cooperation. This study was conducted in the middle of 2005-2006 Academic Year with the participation of 20 students who were chosen randomly. Each student was asked to write an essay in English on a given topic from their weekly program. Threeweeks later, the same students were asked to write essays on the same topic in Turkish. Thus, 20 English essays and 20 Turkish essays (i.e., Total 40 essays) were collected as data for this study. The essays were rated for coherence by three different raters. All English essays were analyzed by one monolingual Americanrater and one bilingual (Turkish and English) rater. Similarly, all Turkish essays were analyzed by one monolingual Turkish rater and the same bilingual (Turkish and English) rater. The coherence ratings showed that there is a positive significant correlation between the coherence judgments of monolingual raters and the bilingual rater, which means that both monolingual raters and the bilingual rater agree on the similar coherence judgments. Next, the essays were analyzed in light of the Gricean Maxims to find the violations of each maxim in each essay by the researcher. In the comparison of maxim violations and the coherence judgments of the raters, the maxim of Relation was found to be the most significant maxim that affected the coherence judgments of the raters both for Turkish and English essays. In addition, Manner maxim was significant for Turkish essays and Quantity maxim was significant for English essays. However, in the comparison of the violation of individual maxims in Turkish and English essays, the violation of Relation maxim in English essays was found to correlate with the violation of Relation, Quality and Quantity maxims in Turkish essays. Similarly, violation of Manner maxim in English essays was also found to correlate with the violation of Quantity and Relation maxims. On the other hand, the violation of Manner maxim in Turkish essays was found to correlate with the violation of Quantity maxim in English essays. In conclusion, by looking at these relationships between Turkish essays and English essays, it may be argued that students may have inadequacies in writing skills or may lack some writing skills in Turkish, which may cause inadequacies in English academic writing skills. However, this study suggests the same study be replicated in different contexts and with larger sample sizes, similar research studies be conducted in Turkish writing instruction in the contexts of Turkish Secondary Education, and further studies be conducted on the effect of Relation and Manner maxims on other maxims.

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Ozhan, Didem. "Using Grice&#039." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605358/index.pdf.

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USING GRICE&rsquo
S COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE AND ITS MAXIMS FOR ANALYZING COHERENCE: A STUDY ON ACADEMIC WRITING Ö
zhan, Didem M.A., Program in English Language Teaching Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sü
kriye Ruhi September 2004, 95 pages Coherence in written discourse is considered to be a complex and a fuzzy concept but it is, at the same time, a crucial feature of any well-written text. The present study aims to contribute to the field of the teaching of the concept of coherence by proposing an approach to analyzing coherence in students&rsquo
essays in the context of the Department of Modern Languages (DML) at Middle East Technical University (METU) and to the teaching of the concept. The study suggests an approach involving Gricean maxims for analyzing coherence in freshman student argumentative essays at DML at METU. In order to achieve this aim, 50 essays were rated for coherence by two raters and the same essays were analyzed by the researcher for maxim violations. Next, the correlation between the raters&rsquo
judgments and the number of maxim violations in each essay and the correlation between raters&rsquo
judgments and the number of violations for each maxim in each essay was calculated. The findings revealed a significant negative correlation between the variables and a negative correlation between the violation of Quantity maxim most frequently and the raters&rsquo
judgments. The findings suggest that Gricean maxims can be used as a tool for analyzing coherence in student argumentative essays. The implications of this finding for the analysis of the essays, for the teaching, learning and assessment processes are discussed.

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Szczepanski, Peter. "Flouting the maxims in scripted speech : An analysis of flouting the maxims of conversation in the television series Firefly." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-38455.

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Although conversations in television shows are supposed to mimic and represent everyday natural speech, they are written for a specific purpose. The aim of this paper is to find out what maxims are flouted the most in the television series Firefly and analyse what the effects of these flouts are. Presented here is an analysis of how scripted conversation in the aforementioned television show is constructed. By applying Grice's cooperative principle and his theories on flouting and implicatures, certain patterns emerge that show recurring uses of flouts for specific effects. The results are based on a study of three episodes of the television series Firefly. The results show that the maxim of quality is flouted the most and that the distribution of flouts between characters is somewhat uneven. This suggests that the use of flouts has to do with the personalities of the different characters.

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Chen, Hung Chiao, and Saskia Weck. "Understanding Robots : The Effects of Conversational Strategies on the Understandability of Robot-Robot Interactions from a Human Standpoint." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172295.

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As the technology develops and robots are integrating into more and more facets of our lives, the futureof human-robot interaction may take form in all kinds of arrangements and configurations. In this study, we examined the understandability of di erent conversational strategies in robot-robot communication from a human-bystander standpoint. Specifically, we examined the understandability of verbal explanations constructed under Grice's maxims of informativeness. A prediction task was employed to test the understandability of the proposed strategy among other strategies. Furthermore, participants' perception of the robots' interaction was assessed with a range of ratings and rankings. The results suggest that those robots using the proposed strategy and those using the other tested strategies were understood and perceived similarly.
I takt med att teknologin utvecklas integreras robotar mer och mer i olika delar av våra liv. Framtidens människo-robot interaktioner kan ta många olika former och konfigurationer. I den här studien undersökte vi förståelsen för olika konversationsstrategier mellan robotar ur det mänskliga perspektivet. Specifikt undersökte vi förståelsen av muntliga förklaringar konstruerade enligt Grices princip för informativitet. En uppgift för deltagarna i testet var att försöka förutsäga robotarnas agerande. Dessutom utvärderades robotarnas interaktion genom att låta deltagarna rangordna och betygsätta dem. Resultatet tyder på att de robotar som använder Grices princip och de som använder de andra testade strategierna förstås och uppfattas på ett liknande sätt.

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Dornerus, Emma. "Breaking maxims in conversation : A comparative study of how scriptwriters break maxims in Desperate Housewives and That 70’s Show." Thesis, Karlstad University, Division for Culture and Communication, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-19.

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When we converse we constantly fail to observe the rules of conversation in order to simplify and make dialogues more effective. The scriptwriters who work with TV shows use non-observances of maxims in order to evoke different feelings from their viewers. The aim of this paper was to investigate how frequently non-observances of maxims occurred in the TV shows Desperate Housewives and That 70’s Show. I examined where and why they were used as well as how often flouting was used compared to violations. The base of the study was a drama and a comedy show.

Research has shown that the maxim of relevance is most frequently used to create different comical or dramatic situations. The scriptwriters have their characters ignore what is relevant to the situations in order to make them come off as flustered, odd and stupid in humorous situations and as mysterious, cowardly, respectful or bold in dramatic situations. Also research shows that flouting occurs more frequently than violations when it comes to breaking maxims. Violations occur most often with the maxim of quality when the characters lie to mislead in order to direct blame away from him/herself. In Conclusion, this investigation has shown that non-observances of maxims are important for scriptwriters in order to create humorous and dramatic situations in verbal interaction.

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Vik, Frida. "Breaking maxims in a crime drama : A study on non-observances of maxims in crime drama Blindspot." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för språkstudier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184990.

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The conversational maxims are guidelines to how a conversation should be conducted, but sometimes these maxims can be broken for different reasons. The aim of this thesis is to identify breakings of the conversational maxims in the crime drama Blindspot and to study which maxims are broken, for what purpose the maxims are broken and if there are any changes to the number of maxims broken between different seasons of the series. The results show that the maxim of quantity is most frequently broken in the episode from season one and the maxim of quality is broken most frequently in the episodes from season three and five. Some of the reasons for the breakings are sarcasm used for a comedic effect, not giving enough information to keep the viewers in suspense and as a way to change the subject or focus of a conversation.

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Hals, Elisabeth. "IrRelevant and Chaotic or Indeed Relatively Cooperative? : A Gricean comparison of chatroom and face-to-face interaction." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Humanities, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-739.

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Chatroom conversations often elicit an initial impression of chaos. This is probably chiefly due to disrupted adjacency sequences, but also a result of the language being rich in non-standard linguistic forms and grammar. This study explores chatroom conversations with reference to Grice’s (1975) cooperative principle and the maxims that accompany it, and compares them to real life conversations. The aim is to see whether they differ from real life conversations to the extent expected, and whether these differences give rise to any compensational strategies to ensure successful communication. The results reveal a slightly higher amount of maxim undermining in the chat room than in the real life conversations, but not as high as expected. Accordingly, few compensational strategies need be adopted. It is suggested that the main explanation for these findings is that chatroom users have adapted their conversation patterns to the medium.

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Andresen, Niclas. "Flouting the maxims in comedy : An analysis of flouting in the comedy series Community." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-31687.

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This paper explores how flouting of the Gricean maxims is used to create comedy in the television series Community. The aim of the paper is to find out what maxims are flouted the most to create comedy and what maxims the different characters flout in order to create comedy. The paper examines the use of flouts in different situations and explores in what situations the different characters flout the maxims for comedy. The paper is based on transcription of eight episodes of the series. The results show that the maxim of quantity was flouted most often, and some characters used more flouts than others. These results suggest that the use of flouts has to do with their different personalities, which is why some characters did not use as many flouts in order to create comedy, since it would not be in line with their personality.

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Hallén, Alexsandra. "Is Sherlock Really that Observant? : A qualitative study of the relation between non-observances of observational maxims and characterization in the TV-series Sherlock." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-74781.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate how often a character of a TV-series non-observed the conversational maxims, and if non-observances can be used for characterization in TV-series. The aim of this study was also to examine how much conversations and generally unknown conversational rules can affect people and their entire perception of others. The study focused on the main character of the TV-series Sherlock and investigated how often Sherlock breaks the conversational maxims, in what ways he does so, and how 20 respondents would describe Sherlock based on his conversational input. The most frequent non-observance turned out to be flouts and the most commonly non-observed maxim was the maxim of relation. According to the survey that the respondents answered, there seems to be a correlation between Sherlock’s conversational input and how they would describe him. In general, the respondents applied more negative personality traits to Sherlock when describing him based on excerpts where he did not observe the conversational maxims, whereas they described Sherlock in a more positive manner when he followed the conversational maxims.
Syftet med denna studie var undersöka hur ofta en karaktär från en TV-serie bröt mot konversationsmaximerna, samt huruvida brytandet av konversationsmaximer kan användas som verktyg i karaktärisering i TV-serier. Vidare var även syftet med denna studie att utforska hur stor påverkan som konversationer och, generellt sett, okända konversations-regler har på människor och hela deras perception av andra människor. Studien fokuserade på huvudkaraktären i TV-serien Sherlock och undersökte hur ofta Sherlock bryter mot konversationsmaximerna, på vilket sätt detta görs samt hur 20 informanter skulle beskriva Sherlock baserat på hans konversationer. Den vanligaste formen av icke-observerande visade sig vara flouts och den maxim som främst gick oobserverad förbi var relationsmaximen. Enligt enkäten som informanterna fick svara på tycks det finnas en koppling mellan hur Sherlock deltar i konversationer och vilka personlighetsdrag som kan användas för att beskriva honom. Generellt sett valde informanterna i högre grad negativa personlighetsdrag för att beskriva Sherlock efter att han brutit mot konversations-maximerna, medan de istället beskrev honom mer positivt när han följt konversations-maximerna.

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Furner, Emily Kay. "Cultural Differences in Russian and English Magazine Advertising: A Pragmatic Approach." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6730.

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Many American companies looking to increase sales and achieve growth targets consider expanding the reach of their product lines to other countries. However, expansion on a global scale often requires much trial and error as English-speaking companies try to market their goods to a foreign audience. In order to ease this process, localization experts are often hired to "localize" or change advertisements in order to make them more culturally relevant to consumers. Because the field of localization is relatively new, there is little research done on the degree and extent to which advertisements are localized. The purpose of this study is to explore the cultural differences in advertising between Russia and the United States of America. Two different samples of print magazine advertisements were taken from beauty magazines published in Russia and America to determine how much, if any, localization is occurring in Russian media. In order to compare the different advertising strategies of Russia and the United States, 235 non-localized Russian advertisements and 128 localized advertisements were coded for several different pragmatic features that Simpson (2001) included in his "reason" and "tickle" advertising framework. The results were then analyzed through content analysis and Chi-square statistics to find what pragmatic features are characteristic of localized and non-localized Russian ads. The study found that non-localized Russian advertising places more emphasis on reason-based persuasion strategies—most notably celebrity endorsement and extensive listing of reasons to buy a particular product. Localized Russian advertising, in contrast, uses more tickle-based persuasion tactics such as metaphor and implicature. 80% of localized Russian advertisements had little to no change in their advertising text from the English version of the advertisements, which means that the rate of localization in Russian advertising is currently low. Low rates of localization and differing persuasive techniques among the two samples signify the need for better cultural awareness in international marketing campaigns.

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Borderieux, Julien. "La construction textuelle du brevet d'invention : analyse et théorisation de la strate contributionnelle." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01004409.

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Ce travail s'attache à la construction textuelle du brevet d'invention (type de texte spécialisé très normé) par l'étude des contraintes pragmatiques le structurant et notamment celles le définissant comme une contribution au sens gricéen (Grice), post-gricéen (Nemo, Portuguès) ou non-gricéen (Clark et Schaefer). Il étudie ses stratégies textuelles, par exemple en termes de rhétorique de la revendication, en se penchant sur son format particulier dans lequel sont isolés des éléments récurrents et autonomes, les ensembles contributionnels, et leurs liaisons.La première partie présente l'approche contributionnelle du texte de brevet d'invention. Il s'agit d'une part de décrire le texte comme un objet contributionnel, et d'autre part de se demander dans quelle mesure la confrontation avec un texte hyperformaté conduit à reconsidérer les maximes (gricéennes) régulant les contributions. Le corpus d'étude est constitué d'une base textuelle de brevets d'invention transformée en base de données contributionnelles. L'analyse de celle-ci permet une modélisation contributionnelle du texte de brevet fondée sur des marqueurs délimitant des ensembles contributionnels soumis à un schéma général invariant, prédictible et reproductible. La phase de modélisation est l'occasion de reformuler une partie des maximes gricéennes encadrant la production d'ensembles contributionnels. Dans le cadre d'une conception plurisémique de l'interprétation, la fin de l'étude dégage les propriétés de la strate contributionnelle, en montrant notamment qu'à partir de la contrainte de complétude du texte en train de se construire et au travers des différentes sous-contributions qui le constituent se met en place une mécanique textuelle reposant sur des enchaînements contributionnels spécifiques aux textes formatés. Ces considérations sur la matière contributionnelle des textes permettent d'aborder les fondements d'une théorie contributionnelle du texte.

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Wikhede, Simone. "Ta sig i kragen : En kvalitativ studie om relationen mellan samarbetsprincipen, metaforer och liknelser i samtal." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för svenska språket (SV), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-33527.

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Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka hur metaforer och liknelser inverkar på ömsesidig förståelse i samtal. Som teoretisk utgångspunkt har jag använt Grices (1989) teori om konversationella implikaturer samt Lakoff & Johnsons (1980) teori om konceptuella metaforer, Stålhammars (1997) teori om förståelse av metaforer och Levinsons (1983) kritik av Grice för dennes påstående om metaforer som brott mot samarbetsprincipen vid konversation. Min analysmetod är samtalsanalys, Conversation Analysis. Materialet för uppsatsen består av transkriberade utdrag ur ett radioprogram som bjuder in lyssnare att ringa in och tala om ett förutbestämt ämne med programledaren och i det här fallet även en bisittare. Resultatet visar att det finns fall där metaforer går obemärkt förbi och inte skapar problem för den ömsesidiga förståelsen i samtalet, men det finns även exempel på att bruk av metaforer och liknelser försvårar förståelsen.

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"Using Grice's Cooperative Principle and its maxims for analyzing coherence: A study on academic writing." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605358/index.pdf.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Grice's maxims'

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