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Journal articles on the topic 'Grid'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Thormann, Bernd, and Thomas Kienberger. "Estimation of Grid Reinforcement Costs Triggered by Future Grid Customers: Influence of the Quantification Method (Scaling vs. Large-Scale Simulation) and Coincidence Factors (Single vs. Multiple Application)." Energies 15, no. 4 (2022): 1383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15041383.

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The integration of future grid customers, e.g., electric vehicles, heat pumps, or photovoltaic modules, will challenge existing low-voltage power grids in the upcoming years. Hence, distribution system operators must quantify future grid reinforcement measures and resulting costs early. On this account, this work initially evaluates different methods to quantify future grid reinforcement needs, applied by the current state of research. Thereby, it indicates the significance of large-scale grid simulations, i.e., simulating several thousand low-voltage grids, to quantify grid reinforcements acc

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2

Bhandari, Khem Raj, and Narayan Prasad Adhikari. "Grid Integration of Solar and Solar/Wind Hybrid Mini-Grid Projects: A Case of Solar/Wind Hybrid Mini-Grid Project Implemented by AEPC." Journal of the Institute of Engineering 15, no. 3 (2020): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v15i3.32004.

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Alternative Energy Promotion Center (AEPC) has been scaling up renewable energy technologies through Mini-grid power supply in Nepal’s off-grid areas in order to fulfill community electricity demands for both households and electricity-based enterprises. It is likely that, in some of the off-grid renewable energy (RE) mini-grid service areas, Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) grid line might reach in near future. The objective of this study is to highlight success stories of solar and solar/wind mini-grids implemented by AEPC and for their longer-term sustainable operation grid integration pol

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Ravindrakumar, Yadav, and P. Singh R. "Rural Electrification: Practical Exposition of Hybrid Solar PV-Wind for Grid Integrated Power Systems in India." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 9, no. 3 (2020): 680–87. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.B2931.029320.

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Reliable electric power supply is still remained a major problem in rural India. Off grid renewable sources of energy have been applied in the last few years to increase reliability but not succeeding to be realistic because of too high energy costs compared to the national grid. Grid Integrated Mini grids with Storage (Grid Integrated Mini Grids) have potential to provide reliable power supply at reasonably priced by combining Mini-Grids and National Grid services. This research paper analyzed different aspects of the GRID INTEGRATED MINI GRIDS practicability. The feasibility of the use of hy

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Evazi, M., and H. Mahani. "Unstructured-Coarse-Grid Generation Using Background-Grid Approach." SPE Journal 15, no. 02 (2010): 326–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/120170-pa.

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Summary Reservoir flow simulation involves subdivision of the physical domain into a number of gridblocks. This is best accomplished with optimized gridpoint density and a minimized number of gridblocks, especially for coarse-grid generation from a fine-grid geological model. In any coarse-grid generation, proper distribution of gridpoints, which form the basis of numerical gridblocks, is a challenging task. We show that this can be achieved effectively by a novel grid-generation approach based on a background grid that stores gridpoint spacing parameters. Spacing parameter (L) can be describe

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Bernth, Henrik, and Chris Chapman. "A comparison of the dispersion relations for anisotropic elastodynamic finite-difference grids." GEOPHYSICS 76, no. 3 (2011): WA43—WA50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3555530.

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Several staggered grid schemes have been suggested for performing finite-difference calculations for the elastic wave equations. In this paper, the dispersion relationships and related computational requirements for the Lebedev and rotated staggered grids for anisotropic, elastic, finite-difference calculations in smooth models are analyzed and compared. These grids are related to a popular staggered grid for the isotropic problem, the Virieux grid. The Lebedev grid decomposes into Virieux grids, two in two dimensions and four in three dimensions, which decouple in isotropic media. Therefore t

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6

Arad, Nur. "Grid-distortion on nonrectangular grids." Computer Aided Geometric Design 15, no. 5 (1998): 475–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8396(98)00003-x.

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M, Ponrekha, and Sujatha Balaraman. "A detailed study on Transient Stability Enhancement of Grid-Forming Inverters." Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation 5, no. 2 (2023): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2023.2.001.

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The integration of the weak grids along with the clean energy that comes from the natural resources requires stable interconnection of Voltage-Source Inverters (VSIs) with weak grids. During severe voltage sags, weak grid integrated VSIs may fail synchronization with the grid.These inverters' transient stability under severe grid disruptions is weak and significantly different from that of synchronous machines. To prevent the side band oscillations in the weak grids, the emerging inverters based on grid-forming are preferred over the grid following inverters in the weak grids. These inverters

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Tan, Kuan Tak, Sivaneasan Bala Krishnan, and Andy Yi Zhuang Chua. "Modelling and Simulation of Pico- and Nano-Grids for Renewable Energy Integration in a Campus Microgrid." Energies 18, no. 1 (2024): 67. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18010067.

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Research in renewable energy sources and microgrid systems is critical for the evolving power industry. This paper examines the operational behavior of both pico- and nano-grids during transitions between grid-connected and islanded modes. Simulation results demonstrate that both grids effectively balance the power flow, regulate the state of charge (SOC), and stabilize the voltage during dynamic operational changes. Specific scenarios, including grid disconnection, load sharing, and weather-based energy fluctuations, were tested and validated. This paper models both pico-grids and nano-grids

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Yan, Huang, Li Shanshan, Zhou Chuyuan, et al. "Research and Construction of a Global Hexagonal Marine Gravity Gradient Reference Map for Navigation." Geofluids 2023 (March 23, 2023): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/4141572.

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A high-precision marine gravity gradient reference map is key to enabling underwater gravity gradient matching navigation. At present, the construction of the reference maps is based on quadrilateral geographic grids. However, quadrilateral grids lead to detriangulation at high latitudes, which limits the global applicability of such maps to underwater gravity navigation. To circumvent the limitations of quadrilateral grids, a hexagonal grid is introduced for constructing the reference map. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the icosahedral Snyder equal area aperture 4 hexagon (ISEA4H)

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10

Tristan, A., A. Emde, M. Reisinger, M. Stauch, and A. Sauer. "Energieflexibilität im Industrial Smart Grid*/Energy Flexibility in Industrial Smart Grids – Methodical approach for incorporating energy flexibility measures in an Industrial Smart Grid." wt Werkstattstechnik online 109, no. 05 (2019): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2019-05-3.

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Durch den Übergang in Smart Grids erhalten Stromnetze die notwendige Flexibilität, um auf die steigende Volatilität der Stromversorgung zu reagieren. Das standardisierte Smart-Grid-Architecture-Modell und die Use-Case-Methodik dienen dabei als Rahmen, um Smart Grids zu entwickeln. Ein methodischer Rahmen für den Aufbau von Industrial Smart Grids fehlt derzeit noch, ist aber besonders notwendig, um Energieflexibilitätsmaßnahmen für Industrieanlagen umzusetzen. Der hier vorgestellte methodische Ansatz liefert eine Blaupause für den Aufbau eines Industrial Smart Grid für Energieflexibilität. Mith

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11

Xu, S., B. Wang, and J. Liu. "On the use of Schwarz–Christoffel conformal mappings to the grid generation for global ocean models." Geoscientific Model Development 8, no. 10 (2015): 3471–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3471-2015.

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Abstract. In this article we propose two grid generation methods for global ocean general circulation models. Contrary to conventional dipolar or tripolar grids, the proposed methods are based on Schwarz–Christoffel conformal mappings that map areas with user-prescribed, irregular boundaries to those with regular boundaries (i.e., disks, slits, etc.). The first method aims at improving existing dipolar grids. Compared with existing grids, the sample grid achieves a better trade-off between the enlargement of the latitudinal–longitudinal portion and the overall smooth grid cell size transition.

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12

Miura, Hiroaki, and Masahide Kimoto. "A Comparison of Grid Quality of Optimized Spherical Hexagonal–Pentagonal Geodesic Grids." Monthly Weather Review 133, no. 10 (2005): 2817–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr2991.1.

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Abstract Construction and optimization methods of spherical hexagonal–pentagonal geodesic grids are investigated. The objective is to compare grid structures on common ground. The distinction between two types of hexagonal–pentagonal grids is made. Three conventional grid optimization methods are summarized. In addition, three new optimization methods are proposed. Six desirable conditions for an ideal grid are described, and the grid optimization methods are organized in view of such conditions. Interval uniformity, area uniformity, isotropy, and bisection of cell faces are systematically inv

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Pasupuleti, Murali Krishna. "Advancement of Renewable Energy Integration into National Grids." International Journal of Academic and Industrial Research Innovations(IJAIRI) 05, no. 04 (2025): 259–66. https://doi.org/10.62311/nesx/rp2125.

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Abstract: The global shift towards renewable energy sources necessitates the modernization of national grids to accommodate variable and decentralized power generation. This paper explores the advancements, challenges, and strategies associated with integrating renewable energy into national grids. It examines technological innovations, policy frameworks, and case studies that highlight successful integration efforts. The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current landscape and future prospects of renewable energy integration into national power systems. Keywords: Renew

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Wei, Rui, Yuxin Li, Jun Yin, and Xieyao Ma. "Comparison of Weighted/Unweighted and Interpolated Grid Data at Regional and Global Scales." Atmosphere 13, no. 12 (2022): 2071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13122071.

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Uniform grid data are widely used in climate science and related interdisciplinary fields. Such data usually describe the hydrometeorological states averaged over uniform latitude–longitude grids. While these data have larger grid areas in the tropics than other high-latitude regions, less attention has been paid to the areal weights of these grid data. Here, we revisited two methods available for processing these uniform grid data, including weighted sample statistics and grid interpolation. The former directly considers the grid area differences using geodetic weights; the latter converts th

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Lauritzen, P. H., J. T. Bacmeister, P. F. Callaghan, and M. A. Taylor. "NCAR_Topo (v1.0): NCAR global model topography generation software for unstructured grids." Geoscientific Model Development 8, no. 12 (2015): 3975–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3975-2015.

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Abstract. It is the purpose of this paper to document the NCAR global model topography generation software for unstructured grids (NCAR_Topo (v1.0)). Given a model grid, the software computes the fraction of the grid box covered by land, the grid-box mean elevation (deviation from a geoid that defines nominal sea level surface), and associated sub-grid-scale variances commonly used for gravity wave and turbulent mountain stress parameterizations. The software supports regular latitude–longitude grids as well as unstructured grids, e.g., icosahedral, Voronoi, cubed-sphere and variable-resolutio

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16

Holloway, Mary V., Heather L. McClusky, Donald E. Beasley, and Michael E. Conner. "The Effect of Support Grid Features on Local, Single-Phase Heat Transfer Measurements in Rod Bundles." Journal of Heat Transfer 126, no. 1 (2004): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1643091.

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Locally averaged heat transfer measurements in a rod bundle downstream of support grids with and without flow-enhancing features are investigated for Reynolds numbers of 28,000 and 42,000. Support grids with disk blockage flow-enhancing features and support grids with split-vane pair flow enhancing features are examined. Grid pressure loss coefficients and feature loss coefficients are determined based on pressure drop measurements for each support grid design. Results indicate the greatest heat transfer enhancement downstream of the support grid designs with disk blockages. In addition, the l

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17

Zheng, Yubin, Hui Deng, Xiong Liu, and Yuanpeng Guan. "Sliding Mode Observer-Based Phase-Locking Strategy for Current Source Inverter in Weak Grids." Energies 17, no. 19 (2024): 4891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17194891.

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The current source inverter (CSI) has become the main grid-connected interface of distributed generation systems due to its advantages, such as boost capability, current controllability, and short-circuit protection capability. However, in weak grids, the grid-connected CSI that uses a phase-locked loop to achieve grid voltage synchronization has problems, such as instability in the fundamental positive-sequence voltage phase detection at the point of common coupling and instability in the current loop control, which seriously hamper the promotion and application of the CSI and its interconnec

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18

Coveney, Peter V. "Scientific Grid computing." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 363, no. 1833 (2005): 1707–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2005.1632.

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We introduce a definition of Grid computing which is adhered to throughout this Theme Issue. We compare the evolution of the World Wide Web with current aspirations for Grid computing and indicate areas that need further research and development before a generally usable Grid infrastructure becomes available. We discuss work that has been done in order to make scientific Grid computing a viable proposition, including the building of Grids, middleware developments, computational steering and visualization. We review science that has been enabled by contemporary computational Grids, and associat

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19

Ojo, Oluwafemi Tayo, Temitope James Dada, Yusuff Afees Ademola, et al. "Smart Grids And IOT-Enabled Renewable Energy Integration." Path of Science 11, no. 1 (2025): 8012. https://doi.org/10.22178/pos.113-28.

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Over the past decades, the power system has undergone significant transformations. However, it faces multiple challenges, including rising electricity demand, power losses, grid failures, and a lack of innovative technology. Additionally, security threats to the grid have escalated. The existing power grid cannot effectively address these issues. The rapid advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) has introduced innovative solutions, making it a promising technology for modernising power grids. Integrating IoT into the grid can enhance efficiency, capacity, reliability, sustainability, scala

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20

Ebinyu, Emmanuel, Omar Abdel-Rahim, Diaa-Eldin A. Mansour, Masahito Shoyama, and Sobhy M. Abdelkader. "Grid-Forming Control: Advancements towards 100% Inverter-Based Grids—A Review." Energies 16, no. 22 (2023): 7579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16227579.

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Changes are being implemented in the electrical power grid to accommodate the increased penetration of renewable energy sources interfaced with grid-connected inverters. The grid-forming (GFM) control paradigm of inverters in active power grids has emerged as a technique through which to tackle the effects of the diminishing dominance of synchronous generators (SGs) and is preferred to the grid-following (GFL) control for providing system control and stability in converter-dominated grids. Therefore, the development of the GFM control is important as the grid advances towards 100% inverter-bas

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Unruh, Peter, Maria Nuschke, Philipp Strauß, and Friedrich Welck. "Overview on Grid-Forming Inverter Control Methods." Energies 13, no. 10 (2020): 2589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13102589.

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In this paper, different control approaches for grid-forming inverters are discussed and compared with the grid-forming properties of synchronous machines. Grid-forming inverters are able to operate AC grids with or without rotating machines. In the past, they have been successfully deployed in inverter dominated island grids or in uninterruptable power supply (UPS) systems. It is expected that with increasing shares of inverter-based electrical power generation, grid-forming inverters will also become relevant for interconnected power systems. In contrast to conventional current-controlled in

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22

Muntean, Ioan Lucian, and Alexandra Ioana Badiu. "Application Plugins for Distributed Simulations on the Grid." International Journal of Computers Communications & Control 6, no. 4 (2011): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2011.4.2096.

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Computing grids are today still underexploited by scientific computing communities. The main reasons for this are, on the one hand, the complexity and variety of tools and services existent in the grid middleware ecosystem, and, on the other hand, the complexity of the development of applications capable to exploit the grids. We address in this work the challenge of developing grid applications that keep pace with the rapid evolution of grid middleware. For that, we propose an approach based on plugins for grid applications that encapsulate a set of commonly used type of grid operations. We fu

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23

Luo, Fuli, Xuesheng Zhao, Wenbin Sun, Yalu Li, and Yuanzheng Duan. "An Overall Uniformity Optimization Method of the Spherical Icosahedral Grid Based on the Optimal Transformation Theory." Atmosphere 12, no. 11 (2021): 1516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111516.

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The improvement of overall uniformity and smoothness of spherical icosahedral grids, the basic framework of atmospheric models, is a key to reducing simulation errors. However, most of the existing grid optimization methods have optimized grid from different aspects and not improved overall uniformity and smoothness of grid at the same time, directly affecting the accuracy and stability of numerical simulation. Although a well-defined grid with more than 12 points cannot be constructed on a sphere, the area uniformity and the interval uniformity of the spherical grid can be traded off to enhan

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Liang, Xin, and Guan-Nan Liu. "Application of a new single staggered grid method to the heat transfer problems." Thermal Science 23, Suppl. 3 (2019): 631–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci180612075l.

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In this paper, a new single staggered grid method is proposed to solve the fluid dynamic problems numerically. The advantages of the new grid method are analyzed in comparison with the classical grid algorithms such as the staggered grids, collocated grids and semi-staggered grids. The discretization of the basic equations for the fluid dynamics on the new single staggered grids is derived and the corresponding SIMPLE algorithm is introduced. As an example, the heat transfer problem of fluid-flow at a right angle is solved to prove the validity of the new single staggered grid method.

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Holloway, Mary V., Timothy A. Conover, Heather L. McClusky, Donald E. Beasley, and Michael E. Conner. "The Effect of Support Grid Design on Azimuthal Variation in Heat Transfer Coefficient for Rod Bundles." Journal of Heat Transfer 127, no. 6 (2005): 598–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1863274.

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Support grids are an integral part of nuclear reactor fuel bundle design. Features, such as split-vane pairs, are located on the downstream edge of support grids to enhance heat transfer and delay departure from nucleate boiling in the fuel bundle. The complex flow fields created by these features cause spatially varying heat transfer conditions on the surfaces of the rods. Azimuthal variations in heat transfer for three specific support grid designs, a standard grid, split-vane pair grid, and disc grid, are measured in the present study using a heated, thin film sensor. Normalized values of t

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Shahnazian, Fatemeh, Kaushik Das, Ruifeng Yan, and Poul Sørensen. "Hybrid power plant control in weak grids: grid following vs. grid forming." IET Conference Proceedings 2024, no. 16 (2025): 329–33. https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2024.3814.

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27

Boone, John M., Olga V. Makarova, Vladislav N. Zyryanov, et al. "Development and Monte Carlo Analysis of Antiscatter Grids for Mammography." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 1, no. 6 (2002): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153303460200100604.

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Mammography arguably demands the highest fidelity of all x-ray imaging applications, with simultaneous requirements of exceedingly high spatial and contrast resolution. Continuing technical improvements of screen-film and digital mammography systems have led to substantial improvements in image quality, and therefore improvements in the performance of anti-scatter grids are required to keep pace with the improvements in other components of the imaging chain. The development of an air-core honeycomb (cellular) grid using x-ray lithography and electroforming techniques is described, and the prod

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28

Weller, Hilary, John Thuburn, and Colin J. Cotter. "Computational Modes and Grid Imprinting on Five Quasi-Uniform Spherical C Grids." Monthly Weather Review 140, no. 8 (2012): 2734–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-11-00193.1.

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Abstract Currently, most operational forecasting models use latitude–longitude grids, whose convergence of meridians toward the poles limits parallel scaling. Quasi-uniform grids might avoid this limitation. Thuburn et al. and Ringler et al. have developed a method for arbitrarily structured, orthogonal C grids called TRiSK, which has many of the desirable properties of the C grid on latitude–longitude grids but which works on a variety of quasi-uniform grids. Here, five quasi-uniform, orthogonal grids of the sphere are investigated using TRiSK to solve the shallow-water equations. Some of the

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Yang, Chao-Tung, Wen-Jen Hu, and Kuan-Chou Lai. "On Construction of a Multi-Grid Resource Selection Strategy on Grids." International Journal of Grid and High Performance Computing 6, no. 1 (2014): 38–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijghpc.2014010103.

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Grid computing is now in widespread use, integrating geographical computing resources across multiple virtual organizations to achieve high performance computing. A single grid does not often provide a vast resource because virtual organizations have inadequate computing resource restrictions for management on an organizational scale. This paper presents a new grid architecture named Multi-Grid, which integrates multiple computational grids from different virtual organizations. This study builds a resource broker on multiple grid environments, integrating a number of single grids from differen

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Wang, Qing Hua, Shi En Ri, Hiroshi Tsuda, Satoshi Kishimoto, Yoshihisa Tanaka, and Yutaka Kagawa. "Fabrication of Multi-Scale Grid Patterns as Deformation Carriers in Optical Methods." Applied Mechanics and Materials 782 (August 2015): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.782.271.

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Multi-scale grid is an essential deformation carrier in optical methods for multi-scale deformation measurement. In this study, several new-type multi-scale grids were designed and fabricated by electron beam lithography. Each pattern includes several periodically distributed dots with the same spacing but different sizes. As a consequence, the grayscale of the whole grid pattern periodically changes. The peak parts of the grayscale generate a secondary grid, i.e., the large-scale grid. The ratio of the large-scale grid pitch to the small-scale grid pitch can be easily adjusted according to th

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Li, Meng, Zhoubo He, Chaoyuan Xiao, et al. "Grid ionization chamber based on stainless steel woven wire mesh." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 08 (2022): P08038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/08/p08038.

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Abstract The grid electrode of the grid ionization chamber (GIC) is devoted to eliminating the dependence of the anode pulse amplitude on the initial position and orientation of the ionization. The traditional methods of grid production require cumbersome processes and advanced instruments. In this paper, a bonded stainless steel woven wire mesh (SSWWM) grid electrode manufacturing method is proposed. Compared with the traditional grid electrode, the SSWWM grid features the advantages of simple fabrication, low cost, and high mechanical strength. The energy resolutions of the 40-mesh, 60-mesh

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Zerroukat, M., and T. Allen. "On the Solution of Elliptic Problems on Overset/Yin–Yang Grids." Monthly Weather Review 140, no. 8 (2012): 2756–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-11-00272.1.

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Abstract The heterogeneity and the singularity of the grid are major factors in the weak scalability of longitude–latitude grid–based atmospheric models on massively parallel machines. Overset grids and, in particular, the Yin–Yang grid, are potential solutions to this problem. Using semi-implicit time marching schemes requires the solution of an elliptic problem on the particular grid. For overset/composite grids to be a viable approach, the solution of the elliptic problem has to be at least as accurate and efficient as using a single grid. This paper proposes combining the overset/Yin–Yang

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An, Lei, Xinyi Lan, Mianbin Wang, and Jinchao Li. "Research on power grid effective assets input-output evaluation based on super-efficient DEA model." E3S Web of Conferences 118 (2019): 01054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911801054.

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With the deepening of power system reform, the precise investment and lean development of power grids have become the focus of power grid enterprises. It is of great significance to carry out evaluation research on the efficiency of input and output of effective assets of power grids. Based on the analysis of the status quo of effective asset evaluation in China’s power grid, this paper combines the model of super-efficient DEA with the analysis of effective asset output efficiency of power grid to construct an evaluation system of effective asset input and output efficiency of power grids, an

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Henshaw, William D. "Automatic grid generation." Acta Numerica 5 (January 1996): 121–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962492900002634.

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Current methods for the automatic generation of grids are reviewed. The approaches to grid generation that are discussed include Cartesian, multi-block-structured, overlapping and unstructured. Emphasis is placed on those methods that can create high-quality grids appropriate for the solution of equations of a hyperbolic nature, such as those that arise in fluid dynamics. Numerous figures illustrate the different grid generation techniques.

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Ding, Jianguo, Attia Qammar, Zhimin Zhang, Ahmad Karim, and Huansheng Ning. "Cyber Threats to Smart Grids: Review, Taxonomy, Potential Solutions, and Future Directions." Energies 15, no. 18 (2022): 6799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186799.

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Smart Grids (SGs) are governed by advanced computing, control technologies, and networking infrastructure. However, compromised cybersecurity of the smart grid not only affects the security of existing energy systems but also directly impacts national security. The increasing number of cyberattacks against the smart grid urgently necessitates more robust security protection technologies to maintain the security of the grid system and its operations. The purpose of this review paper is to provide a thorough understanding of the incumbent cyberattacks’ influence on the entire smart grid ecosyste

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HEINZLREITER, PAUL, and DIETER KRANZLMÜLLER. "VISUALIZATION SERVICES ON THE GRID: THE GRID VISUALIZATION KERNEL." Parallel Processing Letters 13, no. 02 (2003): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129626403001203.

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Two important tools of today's science and engineering are computational grids and visualization. While grid infrastructures offer a means to process large amounts of data across different, possibly distant resources, visualization aids in understanding the meaning of data. The Grid Visualization Kernel (GVK) addresses the connection of grid applications and visualization clients on the grid. The visualization capabilities of GVK are provided as flexible grid services via dedicated interfaces and protocols, while GVK itself relies on Globus services to implement the functionality of the visual

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Madani, V., and D. Novosel. "Getting a grip on the grid." IEEE Spectrum 42, no. 12 (2005): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mspec.2005.1549781.

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Ramakrishnan, L. "Grid computing - Securing next-generation grids." IT Professional 6, no. 2 (2004): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mitp.2004.1278860.

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Dang, Hui Xue, Feng Li Yang, and Jing Bo Yang. "Grid Validations for Downburst Simulations." Applied Mechanics and Materials 249-250 (December 2012): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.249-250.159.

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Downbursts, which resulted from the flow downdraft in thunderstorms, have become one of the most destructive disasters to buildings including transmission towers, etc. This disaster has drawn researchers’ interests and progresses have been continuously made by employing test and numerical tools. Accounting for the grid validations in the numerical simulation of downbursts, eight grids with different grid point distributions are generated, and then their corresponding flow fields are calculated by solving Navier-Stokes equations. The numerical results are compared with test results to investiga

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Meinecke, Steffen, Leon Thurner, and Martin Braun. "Review of Steady-State Electric Power Distribution System Datasets." Energies 13, no. 18 (2020): 4826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184826.

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Publicly available grid datasets with electric steady-state equivalent circuit models are crucial for the development and comparison of a variety of power system simulation tools and algorithms. Such algorithms are essential to analyze and improve the integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) in electrical power systems. Increased penetration of DERs, new technologies, and changing regulatory frameworks require the continuous development of the grid infrastructure. As a result, the number and versatility of grid datasets, which are required in power system research, increases. Further

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Simonic, E., S. Seme, K. Zupanc, and K. Sredensek. "Impact analysis of photovoltaic systems and energy storage systems on a low-voltage distribution grid." Renewable Energies, Environment and Power Quality Journal 2 (July 2024): 320–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/reepqj24.442.

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methodology of photovoltaic systems integration and their influence on grid voltage. Simulation results are given for a real low-voltage distribution grid feeder model. Furthermore, the study explores updating photovoltaic systems with energy storage systems, revealing beneficial effects of electricity storage. Although the findings are specific to a particular grid, they hold broader applicability to distribution grids in general. The developed methodology serves as a useful tool for analyzing low-voltage grids universally. Key words. low-voltage grid, photovoltaic system, energy storage syst

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Patino, Diego Alejandro, and Andres Eduardo Nieto Vallejo. "Scale Prototype Ring Main Unit for the Measurement and Control of Nodes in a Smart Grid." Revista Politécnica 14, no. 26 (2018): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33571/rpolitec.v14n26a10.

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Smart grids are playing a key role in modern electric power grids, improving load control, assuring safer operations and collecting valuable information of the electrical conditions of the grid. In a smart grid, a RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) is a device that is able to measure the electric variables of the grid and sends all the information to a MTU (Master Terminal Unit), which is responsible of controlling the operations of the grid. RMU (Ring Main Unit) devices are used in electric power grids to protect loads and to disconnect them in case of failure to prevent damage. This article presents

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Li, Jun, and Donald Brown. "Upscaled Lattice Boltzmann Method for Simulations of Flows in Heterogeneous Porous Media." Geofluids 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1740693.

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An upscaled Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) for flow simulations in heterogeneous porous media at the Darcy scale is proposed in this paper. In the Darcy-scale simulations, the Shan-Chen force model is used to simplify the algorithm. The proposed upscaled LBM uses coarser grids to represent the average effects of the fine-grid simulations. In the upscaled LBM, each coarse grid represents a subdomain of the fine-grid discretization and the effective permeability with the reduced-order models is proposed as we coarsen the grid. The effective permeability is computed using solutions of local probl

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Hesselmann, Andreas, Hans-Joachim Werner, and Peter J. Knowles. "Thermochemical evaluation of adaptive and fixed density functional theory quadrature schemes." Journal of Chemical Physics 157, no. 23 (2022): 234106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0119622.

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A systematic study is made of the accuracy and efficiency of a number of existing quadrature schemes for molecular Kohn–Sham Density-Functional Theory (DFT) using 408 molecules and 254 chemical reactions. Included are the fixed SG-x (x = 0–3) grids of Gill et al., Dasgupta, and Herbert, the 3-zone grids of Treutler and Ahlrichs, a fixed five-zone grid implemented in Molpro, and a new adaptive grid scheme. While all methods provide a systematic reduction of errors upon extension of the grid sizes, significant differences are observed in the accuracies for similar grid sizes with various approac

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Li, Qingmei, Xin Chen, Xiaochong Tong, Xuantong Zhang, and Chengqi Cheng. "An Information Fusion Model between GeoSOT Grid and Global Hexagonal Equal Area Grid." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 4 (2022): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11040265.

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In order to cope with the rapid growth of spatiotemporal big data, data organization models based on discrete global grid systems have developed rapidly in recent years. Due to the differences in model construction methods, grid level subdivision and coding rules, it is difficult for discrete global grid systems to integrate, share and exchange data between different models. Aiming at the problem of information fusion between a GeoSOT grid and global hexagonal equal area grid system, this paper proposes the GeoSOT equivalent aggregation model (the GEA model). We establish a spatial correlation

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El-Sherbiny, Aisha, and Raymond A. Poirier. "Comprehensive study of some well-known molecular numerical integration methods." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 87, no. 10 (2009): 1313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v09-090.

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In a previous study, we compared, both in terms of accuracy and efficiency, the performance of some of the well-known grids, which use the Becke partitioning scheme for molecular numerical integration. We concluded, based on the number of electrons only, that the MultiExp grid performed well compared with the grids proposed by Becke, Gill et al., and Treutler and Ahlrichs. In this work, we re-examine the performance of the same set of grids in addition to the SG-0 grid and a benchmark grid. These grids are evaluated by integrating the Hartree–Fock electron density to calculate the number of el

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Ogbogu, Chisom E., Jesse Thornburg, and Samuel O. Okozi. "Smart Grid Fault Mitigation and Cybersecurity with Wide-Area Measurement Systems: A Review." Energies 18, no. 4 (2025): 994. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18040994.

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Smart grid reliability and efficiency are critical for uninterrupted service, especially amidst growing demand and network complexity. Wide-Area Measurement Systems (WAMS) are valuable tools for mitigating faults and reducing fault-clearing time while simultaneously prioritizing cybersecurity. This review looks at smart grid WAMS implementation and its potential for cyber-physical power system (CPPS) development and compares it to traditional Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) infrastructure. While traditionally used in smart grids, SCADA has become insufficient in handling moder

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Tuncer, I. H., S. Weber, and W. Sanz. "Investigation of Periodic Boundary Conditions in Multipassage Cascade Flows Using Overset Grids." Journal of Turbomachinery 121, no. 2 (1999): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2841320.

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A Navier–Stokes solution method with overset grids is applied to unsteady multipassage cascade flows, and the unsteady blade loadings are compared against the single-passage solutions with the direct store interblade boundary condition. In the overset grid solutions, the multipassage domain is discretized with O-type grids around each blade and a rectangular background grid. Blade grids are allowed to move in time relative to the background grid, as prescribed by the oscillatory plunging motion. The overset grid method uses a simple, robust numerical algorithm to localize moving intergrid boun

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Garcke, Jochen, and Steffen Ruttscheidt. "Finite Differences on Sparse Grids for Continuous-Time Heterogeneous Agent Models." Algorithms 18, no. 1 (2025): 40. https://doi.org/10.3390/a18010040.

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We present a finite difference method working on sparse grids to solve higher dimensional heterogeneous agent models. If one wants to solve the arising Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation on a standard full grid, one faces the problem that the number of grid points grows exponentially with the number of dimensions. Discretizations on sparse grids only involve O(N(logN)d−1) degrees of freedom in comparison to the O(Nd) degrees of freedom of conventional methods, where N denotes the number of grid points in one coordinate direction and d is the dimension of the problem. While one can show convergen

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Amit Kumar Kolhe and Dr. Sunil Kumar. "Empowering the Future : The Vision of Smart Transmission Grids." International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology 11, no. 3 (2024): 647–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32628/ijsrst2411331.

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In the quest for an adaptable, dependable, and sustainable energy supply, the modern power grid necessitates a transformative upgrade towards intelligence. While substantial efforts have been devoted to envisioning and advancing smart power grids in the United States and Europe, the focus has predominantly centered on the distribution grid and demand-side management, leaving the holistic perspective of the transmission grid within the context of smart grids somewhat obscured. This paper proposes a distinct vision for the future of smart transmission grids, delineating their pivotal attributes.

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