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Journal articles on the topic 'Grindability of coal'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Radic, Dejan, Marko Obradovic, Miroslav Stanojevic, Aleksandar Jovovic, and Dragoslava Stojiljkovic. "A study on the grindability of Serbian coals." Thermal Science 15, no. 1 (2011): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci1101267r.

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Thermal power plants in the Republic of Serbia are making considerable efforts and even more considerable investments, not only to maintain electricity production at maximum design levels, but even to additionally increase the power output of existing generating units. Capacities of mills used in pulverized coal preparation are identified as one of the main constraints to achieving maximum mill plant capacity, while coal grindability is seen as one of the factors that directly affect capacities of the coal mills utilized in thermal power plants. The paper presents results of experimental investigation conducted for the purpose of determining Hardgrove grindability index of coal. The investigation was conducted in accordance with ISO 5074 and included analysis of approximately 70 coal samples taken from the open pit mine of Kolubara coal basin. Research results obtained indicate that coal rich in mineral matter and thus, of lower heating value is characterized by higher grindability index. Therefore, analyses presented in the paper suggest that characteristics of solid fuels analyzed in the research investigation conducted are such that the use coals less rich in mineral matter i. e. coals characterized by lower grindability index will cause coal mills to operate at reduced capacity. This fact should be taken into account when considering a potential for electricity production increase.

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2

Bilen, Mehmet, Sait Kizgut, A. Cuhadaroglu, Serdar Yilmaz, and İhsan Toroglu. "Coal Grindability and Breakage Parameters." International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization 37, no. 5 (June 13, 2016): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392699.2016.1173686.

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3

Obradovic, Marko, Dejan Radic, Dusan Todorovic, Aleksandar Jovovic, Nikola Karlicic, and Miroslav Stanojevic. "Practical assessment of grinding capacity and power consumption based on Hardgrove grindability index and coal characteristics." Thermal Science 23, Suppl. 5 (2019): 1533–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci1806053760.

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This paper analyzes the effects of coal grindability and its characteristics on the grinding capacity and power consumption for beater wheel mill during exploitation in thermal power plant TENT B in Obrenovac, Serbia. For this purpose, experiments were made on the mill, before and after its reconstruction. Experiments included the determination of grinding capacity, mill power consumption, and laboratory analysis of coal characteristics and Hardgrove grindability index (HGI). The analysis of experimental results found that the grinding capacity has a negative correlation with the ash content in coal. Moisture content in analysis sample of coal has a positive correlation with the consumption of electricity and grinding capacity. Between the grinding capacity and the value of HGI exists a negative correlation. Analysis of the influence of grindability of coal and coal characteristics on grinding capacity and energy consumption was carried out. Based on coal characteristics and values of HGI, mathematical expressions were derived for the calculation of grinding capacity and electric energy consumption. In addition, ability to predict specific power consumption of the mill on the basis of HGI values, were carried out. Specific power consumption obtained from HGI values showed good agreement with the experimentally determined specific power consumption of the mill.

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4

Nunes, Leonel J. R. "Torrefied Biomass as an Alternative in Coal-Fueled Power Plants: A Case Study on Grindability of Agroforestry Waste Forms." Clean Technologies 2, no. 3 (July 20, 2020): 270–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol2030018.

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The use of biomass as a renewable energy source is currently a reality, mainly due to the role it can play in replacing fossil energy sources. Within this possibility, coal substitution in the production of electric energy presents itself as a strong alternative with high potential, mostly due to the possibility of contributing to the decarbonization of energy production while, at the same time, contributing to the circularization of energy generation processes. This can be achieved through the use of biomass waste forms, which have undergone a process of improving their properties, such as torrefaction. However, for this to be viable, it is necessary that the biomass has a set of characteristics similar to those of coal, such that its use may occur in previously installed systems. In particular, with respect to grindability, which is associated with one of the core equipment technologies of coal-fired power plants—the coal mill. The objective of the present study is to determine the potential of certain residues with agroforestry origins as a replacement for coal in power generation by using empirical methods. Selected materials—namely, almond shells, kiwifruit pruning, vine pruning, olive pomace, pine woodchips, and eucalyptus woodchips—are characterized in this regard. The materials were characterized in the laboratory and submitted to a torrefaction process at 300 °C. Then, the Statistical Grindability Index and the Hardgrove Grindability Index were determined, using empirical methods derived from coal analysis. The results obtained indicate the good potential of the studied biomasses for use in large-scale torrefaction processes and as replacements for coal in the generation of electrical energy. However, further tests are still needed, particularly relating to the definition of the ideal parameters of the torrefaction process, in order to optimize the grindability of the materials.

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5

Sengupta, Ambar Nath. "An assessment of grindability index of coal." Fuel Processing Technology 76, no. 1 (April 2002): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-3820(01)00236-3.

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6

Bilen, Mehmet, Sait Kızgut, Serdar Yilmaz, Kemal Baris, and Dilek Cuhadaroglu. "Grindability of Coal Changing with Burial Depth." International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization 38, no. 2 (August 3, 2016): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392699.2016.1196199.

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7

Lytle, J., N. Choi, and K. Prisbrey. "Influence of preheating on grindability of coal." International Journal of Mineral Processing 36, no. 1-2 (September 1992): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-7516(92)90067-7.

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8

Marland, S., B. Han, A. Merchant, and N. Rowson. "The effect of microwave radiation on coal grindability." Fuel 79, no. 11 (September 2000): 1283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-2361(99)00285-9.

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9

OKI, Tatsuya, Junichi TANAKA, and Taneomi HARADA. "Cause of Coal Grindability. Correlation of coal rank, maceral composition, hardness, and brittleness." Shigen-to-Sozai 112, no. 1 (1996): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2473/shigentosozai.112.37.

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10

Matin, S. S., James C. Hower, L. Farahzadi, and S. Chehreh Chelgani. "Explaining relationships among various coal analyses with coal grindability index by Random Forest." International Journal of Mineral Processing 155 (October 2016): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2016.08.015.

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11

Gil, M. V., R. García, C. Pevida, and F. Rubiera. "Grindability and combustion behavior of coal and torrefied biomass blends." Bioresource Technology 191 (September 2015): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.117.

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12

Yilmaz, Serdar. "A new approach for the testing method of coal grindability." Advanced Powder Technology 30, no. 9 (September 2019): 1932–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2019.06.012.

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13

Vuthaluru, H. B., R. J. Brooke, D. K. Zhang, and H. M. Yan. "Effects of moisture and coal blending on Hardgrove Grindability Index of Western Australian coal." Fuel Processing Technology 81, no. 1 (April 2003): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-3820(03)00044-4.

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14

Shahzad, K., S. Kanwal, S. Nawaz, N. Sheikh, and S. Munir. "Effects of Moisture and Coal Blending on the Hardgrove Grindability Index of Pakistani Coals." International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization 34, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392699.2013.776961.

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15

Yazdani, S., Esmaeil Hadavandi, James Hower, and Saeed Chehreh Chelgani. "A novel nature-inspired optimization based neural network simulator to predict coal grindability index." Engineering Computations 35, no. 2 (April 16, 2018): 1003–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-09-2017-0332.

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Purpose Hardgrove grindability index (HGI) is an important physical parameter used to demonstrate the relative hardness of coal particles. Modeling of HGI based on coal conventional properties is a quite complicated procedure. The paper aims to develop a new accurate model for prediction of HGI that is called optimized evolutionary neural network (OPENN). Design/methodology/approach The procedure for generation of the proposed OPENN predictive model was performed in two stages. In the first stage, as the high dimensionality involved in the input space, a correlation-based feature selection (CFS) algorithm was used to select the most important influencing variables for HGI prediction. In the second stage, a combination of differential evolution (DE) and biography-based optimization (BBO) algorithms as a global search method were applied to evolve weights of a multi-layer perception neural network. Findings The proposed OPENN was examined and compared with other typical models using a wide range of Kentucky coal samples. The testing results showed that the accuracy of the proposed OPENN model is significantly better than the other typical models and can be considered as a promising alternative for HGI prediction. Originality/value As HGI test is relatively expensive procedure, there is an economical interest on HGI modeling based on coal conventional properties (proximate, ultimate and petrography); the proposed OPENN model to estimate HGI would be a valuable and practical tool for coal industry.

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16

Tiryaki, B. "Practical Assessment of the Grindability of Coal Using its Hardness Characteristics." Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering 38, no. 2 (September 15, 2004): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-004-0037-0.

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17

IMANISHI, Nobuyuki. "Grindability of iron ore, pellet, and coal in the ore treatment process." Journal of the Society of Powder Technology, Japan 22, no. 6 (1985): 346–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4164/sptj.22.346.

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18

Miroshnichenko, D. V., N. A. Desna, V. V. Koval, and S. V. Fatenko. "Hardgrove Grindability of Coal. Part 1. Correlations with Composition, Structure, and Properties." Coke and Chemistry 62, no. 1 (January 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068364x19010058.

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19

Peisheng, Li, Xiong Youhui, Yu Dunxi, and Sun Xuexin. "Prediction of grindability with multivariable regression and neural network in Chinese coal." Fuel 84, no. 18 (December 2005): 2384–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2005.04.016.

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20

Shahzad, Muhammad, Muhammad Mansoor Iqbal, Syed Alley Hassan, Shahab Saqib, and Muhammad Waqas. "An Assessment of Chemical Properties and Hardgrove Grindability Index of Punjab Coal." Pakistan Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research Series A: Physical Sciences 57, no. 3 (October 24, 2014): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.52763/pjsir.phys.sci.57.3.2014.139.144.

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21

Xia, W. C., J. G. Yang, and B. Zhu. "The Improvement of Grindability and Floatability of Oxidized Coal by Microwave Pre-treatment." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 36, no. 1 (November 14, 2013): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2011.653621.

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22

LESTER, E., S. KINGMAN, and C. DODDS. "Increased coal grindability as a result of microwave pretreatment at economic energy inputs." Fuel 84, no. 4 (March 2005): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2004.09.019.

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23

Mitrovic, Danica, Natasa Djokovic, Dragana Zivotic, Achim Bechtel, Olga Cvetkovic, and Ksenija Stojanovic. "Characterisation of lignite lithotypes from the “Kovin” deposit (Serbia) - implications from petrographic, biomarker and isotopic analysis." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 82, no. 6 (2017): 739–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc161122030m.

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Four lignite lithotypes (matrix coal, xylite-rich coal, mixture of matrix and mineral-rich coal and mixture of matrix and xylite-rich coal), originating from the Kovin deposit, were investigated in detail. The paper was aimed to determine the main maceral, biomarker and isotopic (?13C) characteristics of investigated lithotypes. Based on these results the sources and depositional environment of organic matter in 4 lithotypes were established. These samples were also used as substrates for investigation of the influence of diagenetic alteration on ?13C signatures of biomarkers, as well as for assessment of the most convenient utilization for each lithotype. The investigated lithotypes differ in accordance with the composition of huminite macerals. Xylite-rich coal notably distinguishes from other lithotypes beacuse of the highest content of conifer resins vs. epicuticular waxes. The mixture of matrix and mineral-rich coal is characterised by the greatest contribution of algae and fungi and the most intense methanotrophic activity at the time of deposition. In all coal lithotypes diagenetic aromatisation influenced isotopic composition of individual biomarkers. Xylite-rich coal has the poorest grindability properties. However, this coal lithotype is the most suitable for fluidized bed gasification, whereas the mixture of matrix and mineral-rich coal has the lowest applicability for this process. The calorific value decreases in order: xylite-rich coal > matrix coal > mixture of matrix and xylite-rich coal > mixture of matrix and mineral-rich coal. The increase of organic carbon content and calorific value is controlled by the increase of contribution of wood vegetation vs. herbaceous peat-forming plants, as well as by stability of water table during peatification.

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24

Xia, Rui, Bo Li, Xuewen Wang, Zhaojian Yang, and Liping Liu. "Screening the Main Factors Affecting the Wear of the Scraper Conveyor Chute Using the Plackett–Burman Method." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (April 11, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1204091.

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The wear of scraper conveyor chute causes both significant economic and environmental losses by shortening the service life. The life of the chute under coal abrasive wear situations is primarily decided by operating conditions and the materials properties. The comprehensive analysis of the influence factors had not been studied before. In this paper, the Plackett-Burman design (PBD) method was used to screen the main influence factors and a regression equation was developed to predict the wear loss. The steel was tested on a modified pin-on-disk apparatus in which coal abrasive was filled in the disk. The influence factors included water content, gangue content, coal particle size, Hardgrove Grindability-Index (HGI) of the coal, normal load, and scraper chain speed. The results of the investigation suggested that the significance of water content, normal load, and gangue content on wear loss was relatively higher than the HGI of coal, scraper chain speed, and coal particle size. The wear loss increased with the increase of water content, gangue content, normal load, and coal particle size while it decreased as increase in HGI of the coal and scraper chain speed. Based on the significance of the parameters, the regression equations were derived and verified further with a number of test cases. Optical microscope studies revealed the main wear mechanism of the chute was mainly micro-cutting and corrosive wear and accompanied by fatigue fracture.

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25

Kang, Byeol, Yongwoon Lee, Changkook Ryu, and Won Yang. "Applicability of Various Biomasses to Pulverized Coal Power Plants in Terms of their Grindability." Clean Technology 23, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7464/ksct.2017.23.1.073.

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26

ATESOK, G., H. DINCER, M. OZER, and A. MUTEVELLIOGLU. "The effects of dispersants (PSS?NSF) used in coal?water slurries on the grindability of coals of different structures." Fuel 84, no. 7-8 (May 2005): 801–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2004.12.017.

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27

Dindarloo, Saeid, James C. Hower, Amirhossein Bagherieh, and Alan S. Trimble. "Fundamental evaluation of petrographic effects on coal grindability by seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA)." International Journal of Mineral Processing 154 (September 2016): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2016.07.005.

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28

HOWER, J. "Discussion: Li et al., Prediction of grindability with multivariable regression and neural network in Chinese coal." Fuel 85, no. 9 (June 2006): 1307–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2005.11.011.

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29

Niesler, Marian, Janusz Stecko, and Sławomir Stelmach. "USE OF CONIFEROUS WOOD BIOCHAR AS A SUBSTITUTE FUEL IN AN IRON ORE SINTERING PROCESS." Journal of Metallic Materials 72, no. 4 (March 30, 2021): 2–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32730/imz.2657-747.20.4.1.

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The article presents the results of tests carried out at Łukasiewicz – IMŻ, in cooperation with the Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal, on the use of biochar from coniferous wood as a substitute fuel in the iron ore sintering process. It was found that, considering productivity, fuel consumption and properties of the obtained sinter, the content of the tested biochar should not exceed 10 wt% in total fuel. When using the tested biochar, the content of FeO in the sinter decreased. The sinter was characterised by better ISO T strength than when using only coke breeze. At the same time, the grindability of the ISO A sinter decreased with the increase in the content of the biochar in the total fuel. The use of the tested biochar can have a very positive effect on both the sinter strength and its reducing properties.

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30

Toraman, O. Y., and M. S. Delibalta. "The Influence of Microwave Preheating on Grindability of Low Rank Turkish Coal Using Impact Strength Index (ISI)." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 37, no. 19 (September 17, 2015): 2131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2012.684087.

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31

Ürünveren, Abdulkadir, Mahmut Altıner, Oğuz Burak Ural, and Suphi Ural. "The effect of major element oxide and moisture loss on grindability of Afsin–Elbistan low-grade coal." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 39, no. 12 (May 9, 2017): 1216–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2017.1315756.

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32

Padgett, P. L., and J. C. Hower. "Hardgrove grindability study of Powder River Basin and Appalachian coal components in a Midwestern power station blend." Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 14, no. 3 (August 1997): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03402768.

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33

Sh, Lkhagvadorj, Byoung-Hwa Lee, Tae-Yong Jeong, and Chung-Hwan Jeon. "Effects of different pretreatment methods on the grindability of pitch pine sawdust biomass and its blends with coal." Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 34, no. 5 (April 30, 2020): 2235–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12206-020-0445-4.

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34

Hower, J. C., and J. H. Calder. "Maceral/microlithotype analysis of the Hardgrove grindability of lithotypes from the Phalen coal bed, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia." Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 14, no. 1 (February 1997): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03402751.

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35

Nunes, Leonel J. R., João C. O. Matias, Liliana M. E. F. Loureiro, Letícia C. R. Sá, Hugo F. C. Silva, Abel M. Rodrigues, Thomas P. Causer, David B. DeVallance, and Daniel E. Ciolkosz. "Evaluation of the Potential of Agricultural Waste Recovery: Energy Densification as a Factor for Residual Biomass Logistics Optimization." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010020.

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The use of residual forms of biomass, resulting from processes of transformation of the agri-food and/or forest industries, presents itself as an alternative with high potential for energy recovery, given the existing availability, both from the perspective of quantities, but also from the perspective of geographic distribution. In this work, samples of four by-products originating from the agri-food industry were collected, namely coconut shells, sugarcane bagasse, cashew nutshells, and palm kernel shells, which were characterized in the laboratory by determining their Thermogravimetric and Elemental analysis, subsequently calculating the High Heating Value, Low Heating Value, Hardgrove Grindability Index, Mass Yield, Energy Yield, and Energy Densification Ratio. The values obtained show the potential to optimize logistical operations related to transportation, demonstrating that energy densification operations, especially if associated with physical densification processes, enable the use of these residual forms of biomass in the replacement of fossil fuels, such as coal.

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36

Chelgani, S. Chehreh, James C. Hower, E. Jorjani, Sh Mesroghli, and A. H. Bagherieh. "Prediction of coal grindability based on petrography, proximate and ultimate analysis using multiple regression and artificial neural network models." Fuel Processing Technology 89, no. 1 (January 2008): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2007.06.004.

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37

Modarres, Hamid Reza, Mohammad Kor, Emad Abkhoshk, Alireza Alfi, and James C. Hower. "Prediction of Coal Grindability Based on Petrography, Proximate and Ultimate Analysis Using Neural Networks and Particle Swarm Optimization Technique." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 27, no. 3 (June 2009): 201–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/014459809789618821.

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38

Smyatskaya, Yu A., A. A. Fazullina, N. A. Politaeva, V. V. Zhazhkov, Yu E. Pavlushkina, and I. V. Dolbnya. "The Use and Utilization of Chitosan Sorbents – the Residual Biomass of Microalgae Chlorella Sorokiniana." Ecology and Industry of Russia 23, no. 9 (September 10, 2019): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2019-9-18-23.

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The sorption properties of chitosan granules – the residual biomass of microalgae Chlorella Sorokiniana – that are formed after the extraction of valuable components from them (lipids, pigments, pectins) are studied. A literature analysis of the use of microalgae, chitosan and materials based on it for the purification of water from various pollutants has been carried out. The technique for obtaining chitosan granules – residual biomass is described, and their sorption properties are studied during the treatment of wastewater from iron(III) ions. The efficiency of wastewater treatment of iron(III) ions by chitosan granules is calculated – residual biomass, which for solutions with an initial concentration of 5 mg/l, it was 88 %. Microstructural studies of the surface of chitosan-residual biomass Chlorella Sorokiniana granules were carried out and their physicochemical and mechanical properties were studied. A comparative analysis of granules with DAK grade coal is given. It is shown that mechanical properties (abrasion, grindability) meet the requirements of GOST R 51641-2000. A technological scheme for the production, use and disposal of chitosan granules-residual biomass of Chlorella Sorokiniana is proposed.

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39

Lee, Jiseok, Seunghan Yu, Jinje Park, Hyunbin Jo, Jongkeun Park, Changkook Ryu, and Yeong-gap Jeong. "Reduction of Unburned Carbon Release and NOx Emission from a Pulverized Wood Pellet Boiler Retrofitted for Fuel Switching from Coal." Energies 13, no. 19 (September 28, 2020): 5077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195077.

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For renewable electricity production, biomass can fully displace coal in an existing power plant with some equipment modifications. Recently, a 125 MWe power plant burning mainly anthracite in Korea was retrofitted for dedicated wood pellet combustion with a change of boiler configuration from arch firing to wall firing. However, this boiler suffers from operational problems caused by high unburned carbon (UBC) contents in the bottom ash. This study comprises an investigation of some methods to reduce the UBC release while achieving lower NOx emissions. The computational fluid dynamics approach was established and validated for typical operating data. Subsequently, it was applied to elucidate the particle combustion and flow characteristics leading to the high UBC content and to evaluate the operating variables for improving the boiler performance. It was found that the high UBC content in the bottom ash was a combined effect of the poor fuel grindability and low gas velocity in the wide burner zone originating from the arch-firing boiler. This prevented the operation with deeper air staging for lower NOx emissions. Reducing the particle size to <1.5 mm by modifying mills or pretreating the fuel using torrefaction was the only effective way of lowering the UBC and NOx emissions with deeper air staging while increasing the boiler efficiency.

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40

Williams, Orla, Carol Eastwick, Sam Kingman, Donald Giddings, Stephen Lormor, and Edward Lester. "Investigation into the applicability of Bond Work Index (BWI) and Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI) tests for several biomasses compared to Colombian La Loma coal." Fuel 158 (October 2015): 379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.05.027.

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41

Ananda Babu, K., A. Lawrence, and P. Sivashanmugam. "Grindability Studies on Blended Coals of High-Ash Indian Coals with Low-Ash Imported Coals." International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization 38, no. 8 (March 2017): 433–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392699.2017.1281254.

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42

Yusupov, T. S., and A. P. Burdukov. "Effect of metamorphism on the grindability of coals under impact action." Solid Fuel Chemistry 47, no. 4 (July 2013): 206–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0361521913040149.

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43

Atesok, G., M. Ozer, F. Boylu, and H. Dıncer. "The effect of anionic dispersants on grindability of different rank coals." International Journal of Mineral Processing 77, no. 4 (December 2005): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2005.06.004.

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44

Özbayoğlu, Gülhan, A. Murat Özbayoğlu, and M. Evren Özbayoğlu. "Estimation of Hardgrove grindability index of Turkish coals by neural networks." International Journal of Mineral Processing 85, no. 4 (January 2008): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2007.08.003.

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45

Deniz, V., and Y. Umucu. "Interrelationships between the Bond Grindability with Physicomechanical and Chemical Properties of Coals." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 35, no. 2 (January 15, 2013): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2010.504942.

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46

Bhattacharya, S., V. Anand, and P. Banerjee. "Estimation of grindability from sink-float test data for two different coals." International Journal of Mineral Processing 53, no. 1-2 (February 1998): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-7516(97)00060-4.

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Hower, James C., Anne M. Graese, and Jeffrey G. Klapheke. "Influence of microlithotype composition on hardgrove grindability for selected eastern Kentucky coals." International Journal of Coal Geology 7, no. 3 (March 1987): 227–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-5162(87)90038-3.

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Hower, James C., Amir H. Bagherieh, Saeid R. Dindarloo, Alan S. Trimble, and Saeed Chehreh Chelgani. "Soft modelling of the Hardgrove grindability index of bituminous coals: An overview." International Journal of Coal Geology 247 (November 2021): 103846. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2021.103846.

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Jorjani, E., James C. Hower, S. Chehreh Chelgani, Mohsen A. Shirazi, and Sh Mesroghli. "Studies of relationship between petrography and elemental analysis with grindability for Kentucky coals." Fuel 87, no. 6 (May 2008): 707–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2007.05.044.

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Deniz, V., Y. Umucu, and S. Çayırlı. "Prediction of the Bond Grindability Index from the Sink-float Test Data of Coals." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 35, no. 15 (August 3, 2013): 1385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2010.525595.

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