Relevant bibliographies by topics / Grinding mill

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Academic literature on the topic 'Grinding mill'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Grinding mill"

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Wang, Yung Cheng, Chen Hsiang Chen, and Bean Yin Lee. "The Predictive Model of Surface Roughness and Searching System in Database for Cutting Tool Grinding." Materials Science Forum 626-627 (August 2009): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.626-627.11.

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Due to the rapid development in recent cutting technology, demands for different types of precise cutting tools become increasingly complicated. Since the design and grinding of end-mills are the last and the most important processing for cutting tools. The geometrical accuracy and the cutting performance of an end-mill depend essentially on the grinding. However, the complicated geometry of an end-mill will be ground by the specific software of CAD/CAM on the 5-axis CNC tool grinding machine. The precision of end-mill grinder will be determined by the performance of 5-axis CNC tool grinder and setting of grinding parameters. Three regulation factors for grinding are grit size of the diamond grinding wheel, grinding speed and the feeding speed. The variable ranges of each parameter can be divided in large, medium and small interval. In this study for an end-mill with fixed geometrical profile, a series of different grinding parameters have been utilized by the 33 factorial experiment planning. And tool grinding experiments for the rod material specification of tungsten carbide have been performed by 5-axis CNC tool grinder. After grinding, surface roughness of tools will be measured. The reliability and precision of the end-mill grinding can be enhanced by the prediction model of polynomial network for surface roughness of end-mills. Besides, the database system for cutting tool has benn established. Totally 4802 data were constructed in the relational database according to the characteristics of tools.
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Kalyagina, Nadezhda V., Ivan I. Karpukhin, Anna V. Kornilova, and Igor N. Silverstov. "Capacity of roller mill for cement grinding." RUDN Journal of Engineering Researches 21, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8143-2020-21-3-181-188.

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Engineering for the cement industry is part of the heavy industry. The cement industry is the main supplier of raw materials for the production of concrete and reinforced concrete. For grinding cement, two types of mills are used - ball and roller. Recent decades have proven the great effectiveness of a vertical roller mill for grinding raw materials. Its effectiveness, combined with the implementation of drying, grinding and separation in one unit, gives it an undeniable advantage over a ball mill. This explains the significant increase in the share of roller mills in the cement mill market. The grinding process in such mills occurs due to abrasion, respectively, in the process of work wear of the rubbing parts of the mill occurs. The work evaluated the performance of a mill with smooth disk rolls. During the study, the cause of the destruction of the sectors of the mill produced by FLSmidth, operating in the Russian Federation, was identified. The study revealed the causes of the destruction of the details of the roller mill: with the simultaneous impact of the workload and the displacement of the sectors resulting from intensive wear, the total equivalent stresses exceed the value of the endurance limit under cyclic loading. Therefore, the accumulation of fatigue damage to the material, the formation and growth of cracks, which adversely affects the performance of the mill. A number of measures have been proposed to increase the operability of mills of this design.
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MIYAJI, Mitsuo. "Grinding by Crossjet mill." RESOURCES PROCESSING 35, no. 4 (1988): 226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4144/rpsj1986.35.226.

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HARRIS, C. C., E. M. SCHNOCK, and N. ARBITER. "Grinding Mill Power Consumption." Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review 1, no. 3-4 (April 1985): 297–345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08827508508952596.

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Wołosiewicz-Głąb, Marta, Dariusz Foszcz, Daniel Saramak, Tomasz Gawenda, and Damian Krawczykowski. "Analysis of a grinding efficiency in the electromagnetic mill for variable process and feed parameters." E3S Web of Conferences 18 (2017): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20171801012.

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Article describes issues related to the assessment of raw materials grinding efficiency in an electromagnetic mill. Application of such type of mill in grinding processes can result in measurable benefits of more efficient raw material grinding by reducing time needed to produce a product of a suitable particle size compared to conventional mills. The expected effect of application of a system based on an electromagnetic mill is to achieve a lower energy consumption of grinding process for raw material processing compared to the existing equipment used for the fine grinding. A key element of correct design of comminution circuits in processing of particular feed mineral is to identify the impact of key factors affecting the efficiency of the grinding process. The most important factors determining the efficiency of the grinding process are the time, the construction parameters of the machine, the type of grinding media used in grinding process, as well as the parameters of the feed, among others the crushing resistance or particle size. The paper presents the results of kinetic study of copper ore grinding in electromagnetic mill for variable feed particle size distribution of and different sizes of grinding media.
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Lyons, David J., Angus E. McElnea, Niki P. Finch, and Claire Tallis. "Ultra-fine grinding is not essential for acid sulfate soil tests." Soil Research 49, no. 5 (2011): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr10196.

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Australian Standard methods for acid sulfate soils (ASS) require the grinding of soil to <0.075 mm. A ring-mill or similar grinding apparatus is therefore needed. We investigated whether ring-mill grinding is required for accurate and reproducible test results and associated calculations (such as acid–base accounting), or if more conventional fine-grinding (i.e. <0.5 mm) is sufficient to obtain acceptable results. An initial experiment (unreplicated) was conducted on 52 soils comparing ring-mill and fine-grinding treatments, and this information was used to formulate final, more detailed experimental work on five soils from the same dataset. Soils from an ASS survey in coastal central Queensland were chosen to reflect the range of chemical properties found in ASS. Soils were analysed by the Chromium and SPOCAS suite of tests for the two grinding treatments. For those tests that follow a relatively vigorous extraction carried out with heating [such as chromium-reducible S, peroxide-oxidisable S and acid-neutralising capacity by back titration (ANCBT)], results were similar for the two grinding treatments. However, for those tests that follow a relatively mild extraction without heating (such as KCl-extractable S, HCl-extractable S and titratable actual acidity), significantly higher values (P < 0.05) were obtained for ring-mill ground soil. There was no significant difference in calculated net acidity between ring-mill grinding and fine-grinding for soils without excess ANC. For self-neutralising soils, fine-grinding gave significantly lower values of ANC than ring-mill grinding. It is uncertain whether ring-mill grinding gives a true reflection of the ANC available in the natural environment.
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Vukmirovic, Djuro, Jovanka Levic, Aleksandar Fistes, Radmilo Colovic, Tea Brlek, Dusica Colovic, and Olivera Djuragic. "Influence of grinding method and grinding intensity of corn on mill energy consumption and pellet quality." Chemical Industry 70, no. 1 (2016): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind141114012v.

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In recent years there is an emerging trend of coarse grinding of cereals in production of poultry feed due to positive influence of coarse particles on poultry digestive system. Influence of grinding method (hammer mill vs. roller mill) and grinding intensity of corn (coarseness of grinding) on mill specific energy consumption and pellet quality was investigated. By decreasing grinding intensity of corn (coarser grinding), specific energy consumption of both hammer mill and roller mill was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). When comparing similar grinding intensities on hammer mill and roller mill (similar geometric mean diameter or similar particle size distribution), specific energy consumption was higher for the hammer mill. Pellet quality decreased with coarser grinding on hammer mill but, however, this effect was not observed for the roller mill. Generally, pellet quality was better when roller mill was used. It can be concluded that significant energy savings could be achieved by coarser grinding of corn before pelleting and by using roller mill instead of hammer mill. From the aspect of pellet quality, if coarser grinding is applied it is better to use roller mill, concerning that more uniform particle size distribution of corn ground on roller mill probably results in more uniform particle size distribution in pellets and this provides better pellet quality.
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Noorina, Hidayu Jamil, W. H. Xian, W. M. Arif, Che Pa Faizul, and Mohd Zaki Ruhiyuddin. "Production of Silicon Carbide via Grinding and Heat Treatment Process." Key Engineering Materials 594-595 (December 2013): 740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.740.

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This study is to determine the properties and characterization of silicon carbide via grinding and heat treatment process. In this study, the raw materials used were waste glass and graphite powder. Silicon carbide was produced by milling and mixing waste glass and graphite powder in different grinding mills; planetary mill and ring mill. The samples were then heat treated at 700 °C for 1 hour soaking time. Two types of characterization procedures were completed to determine the properties and microstructure of silicon carbide. Formation of silicon carbide was only formed through grinding by planetary mill but not ring mill. This may due to the grinding mechanism of both mills. Due to the simple and low cost of raw material to form silicon carbide, silicon carbide has high potential to be one of the commercialized products. It has the potential in reducing waste and improves the environment quality.
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Vucelic, Dusan, Dana Simic, Olgica Kovacevic, Miroslava Dojcinovic, and Milan Mitrovic. "The effects of grinding on the physico-chemical characteristics of white sepiolite from Golesh." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 67, no. 3 (2002): 197–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0203197v.

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The influence of grinding white sepiolites from the Magure-Golesh mine in Southern Serbia on their structure and on the rheological characteristics of their aqueous suspensions was investigated. Sepiolite samples of hard and soft consistency were ground in three different types of mills: a ball mill air-stream mill, and a colloid mill. The effect of grinding on the sepiolite samples was investigated by SEM, XRD, IR, TG and BET methods and by chemical analysis. Grinding generally resulted in the separation of the sepiolite fibers, and partial amorphization. In addition, grinding produced substantial changes in the apparent viscosity and rheological characteristics of dilute aqueous suspensions of sepiolite. It is concluded that the viscosities are especially affected by the type of grinding employed.
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Wang, Yung Cheng, Chen Hsiang Chen, and Bean Yin Lee. "The Predictive Model of Surface Integrity in End-Mill Grinding for High-Speed Milling." Advanced Materials Research 264-265 (June 2011): 1091–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.264-265.1091.

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The grinding precision of end-mill is dependent on the surface roughness of the corresponding rake face and relief face. This precision will be influential in the surface roughness of workpiece and tool life of end-mill in high-speed milling. Firstly, the experiment of high-speed milling for SKD61 tool steel has been performed in the different cutting condition, and the end-mills have the different surface roughness. From the experimental results, it has shown that small relief surface roughness will decrease tool flank wear (increase tool life). The surface integrity of end-mill is very important for high-speed milling, so the different grinding parameters of end-mill have been utilized in the grinding experiment. Finally the surface roughness analysis model of the end-mill relief could be established by a polynomial network. The predictive model of surface roughness can be used to analyze the grinding precision of end-mill.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Grinding mill"

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Yesilay, Yasemin Ayse. "A Computer Simulator For Ball Mill Grinding." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12605350/index.pdf.

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Ball mill grinding is an important operation in the processing of most minerals, in that it may be used to produce particles of the required size and shape, to liberate minerals from each other for concentration purposes, and to increase the powder surface area. Grinding of minerals is probably the most energy consuming task and optimization of this operation has vital importance in processing plant operations to achieve the lowest operating costs. Predicting the complete product size distribution, mill specifications and power draw are important parameters of this optimization. In this study, a computer simulation program is developed in MATLAB environment to simulate grinding operations using the kinetic model in which comminution is considered as a process continuous in time. This type of model is commonly and successfully used for tumbling grinding mills having strongly varying residence time as a function of feed rate. The program developed, GRINDSIM, is capable of simulating a ball mill for a specified set of model parameters, estimating grinding kinetic parameters from experimental batch grinding data and calculating continuous open and closed-circuit grinding behavior with mill power input. The user interacts with the program through graphical user interfaces (GUI&rsquo
s).
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Le, Roux J. D. (Johan Derik). "Grinding mill circuit control from a plant-wide control perspective." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/61307.

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A generic plant-wide control structure is proposed for the optimal operation of a grinding mill circuit. An economic objective function is defined for the grinding mill circuit with reference to the economic objective of the larger mineral processing plant. A mineral processing plant in this study consists of a comminution and a separation circuit and excludes the extractive metallurgy at a metal refinery. The comminution circuit's operational performance primarily depends on the mill's performance. Since grindcurves define the operational performance range of a mill, the grindcurves are used to define the setpoints for the economic controlled variables for optimal steady-state operation. For a given metal price, processing cost, and transportation cost, the proposed structure can be used to define the optimal operating region of a grinding mill circuit for the best economic return of the mineral processing plant. The plant-wide control structure identifies the controlled and manipulated variables to ensure the grinding mill circuit can be maintained at the desired operating condition. The plant-wide control framework specifies regulatory and supervisory control aims which can be achieved by means of non-linear model-based control. An impediment to implementing model-based control is the computational expense to solve the non-linear optimisation function. To resolve this issue, the reference-command tracking version of model predictive static programming (MPSP) is applied to a grinding mill circuit. MPSP is an innovative optimal control technique that combines the philosophies of Model Predictive Control (MPC) and approximate dynamic programming. The performance of the proposed MPSP control technique, is compared to the performance of a standard non-linear MPC (NMPC) technique applied to the same plant for the same conditions. Results show that the MPSP control technique is more than capable of tracking the desired set-point in the presence of model-plant mismatch, disturbances and measurement noise. The performance of MPSP and NMPC compare very well, with definite advantages offered by MPSP. The computational speed of MPSP is increased through a sequence of innovations such as the conversion of the dynamic optimization problem to a low-dimensional static optimization problem, the recursive computation of sensitivity matrices, and using a closed form expression to update the control. The MPSP technique generally takes only a couple of iterations to converge, even when input constraints are applied. Therefore, MPSP can be regarded as a potential candidate for on-line applications of the NMPC philosophy to real-world industrial process plants. The MPSP and NMPC simulation studies above assume full-state feedback. However, this is not always possible for industrial grinding mill circuits. Therefore, a non-linear observer model of a grinding mill is developed which distinguishes between the volumetric hold-up of water, solids, and the grinding media in the mill. Solids refer to all ore small enough to discharge through the end-discharge grate, and grinding media refers to the rocks and steel balls. The rocks are all ore too large to discharge from the mill. The observer model uses the accumulation rate of solids and the discharge rate as parameters. It is shown that with mill discharge flow-rate, discharge density, and volumetric hold-up measurements, the model states and parameters are linearly observable. Although instrumentation at the mill discharge is not yet included in industrial circuits because of space restrictions, this study motivates the benefits to be gained from including such instrumentation. An Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is applied in simulation to estimate the model states and parameters from data generated by a grinding mill simulation model from literature. Results indicate that if sufficiently accurate measurements are available, especially at the discharge of the mill, it is possible to reliably estimate grinding media, solids and water hold-ups within the mill. Such an observer can be used as part of an advanced process control strategy.
'n Generiese aanlegwye beheerstruktuur vir die optimale beheer van 'n maalmeulkring word voorgehou. 'n Ekonomiese doelwitfunksie is gedefinieer vir die maalmeulkringbaan met verwysing tot die ekonomiese doelwit van die groter mineraalverwerkingsaanleg. 'n Mineraalverwerkingsaanleg bestaan in hierdie studie slegs uit die vergruisings- en skeidingskringbane. Die ekstraktiewe metallurgie by die metaal raffinadery word uitgesluit. Die vergruisingskringbaan se operasionele werksverrigting is hoofsaaklik van die maalmeul se werksverrigting afhanklik. Aangesien maalkurwes die bereik van die maalmeul se werksverrigting beskryf, kan die maalkurwes gebruik word om die stelpunte van die ekonomiese beheerveranderlikes te definieer vir werking by optimale gestadigde toestand. Gegewe 'n bepaalde metaalprys, bedryfskoste, en vervoerkoste, kan die voorgestelde struktuur gebruik word om die optimale werksgebied vir die maalmeulkring te definieer vir die beste ekonomiese gewin van die algehele mineraalverwerkingsaanleg. Die aanlegwye beheerstruktuur omskryf die beheerveranderlikes en manipuleerbare veranderlikes wat benodig word om die maalmeulkring by die gewenste werksgebied te handhaaf. Die aanlegwye beheerstruktuur spesifiseer regulatoriese en toesighoudende beheer doelwitte. Hierdie doelwitte kan bereik word deur gebruik te maak van nie-lineêre model gebaseerde beheer. Die probleem is dat die bewerkingskoste om nie-lineëre optimeringsfunksies op te los 'n struikelblok is om model gebaseerde beheer op industriële aanlegte toe te pas. Ter oplossing hiervan, word die stelpunt-volg weergawe van model gebaseerde voorspellende statiese programmering (MVSP) toegepas op 'n maalmeulkringbaan. MVSP is 'n innoverende optimale beheertegniek, en bestaan uit 'n kombinasie van die filosofieë van model gebaseerder voorspellende beheer (MVB) en aanpassende dinamiese programmering. Die verrigting van die voorgestelde MVSP beheertegniek word vergelyk met die verrigting van 'n standaard nie-lineëre MVB (NMVB) tegniek deur beide beheertegnieke op dieselfde aanleg vir dieselfde toestande toe te pas. Resultate dui aan dat die MVSP beheertegniek in staat is om die gekose stelpunt te midde van model-aanleg wanaanpassing, steurnisse, en metingsgeraas te volg. Die verrigting van MVSP en NMVB vergelyk goed, maar MVSP bied duidelike voordele. Die bewerkingspoed vir MVSP word vinniger gemaak deur die dinamiese optimeringsprobleem in 'n laeorde statiese optimeringsprobleem te omskep, die sensitiwiteitsmatrikse rekursief uit te werk, en deur 'n geslote uitdrukking ter opdatering van die beheeraksie te gebruik. Die MVSP beheertegniek benodig normaalweg slegs 'n paar iterasies om tot 'n oplossing te konvergeer, selfs indien beperkings op die insette toegepas word. Om die rede word MVSP as 'n potensiële kandidaat beskou vir aanlyntoepasings van die NMVB filosofie op industriële aanlegte. Die MVSP en NMVB simulasie studies hierbo neem aan dat volle toestandterugvoer moontlik is. Hierdie is nie altyd moontlik vir industriële maalmeulkringbane nie. Om die rede is 'n nie-lineêre waarnemingsmodel van 'n maalmeul ontwikkel. Die model onderskei tussen die volumetriese hoeveelheid water, vaste stowwe, en maalmedia in die meul. Vaste stowwe verwys na alle erts wat klein genoeg is om deur die uitskeidingsif aan die ontslagpunt van die meul te vloei. Maalmedia verwys na rotse en staalballe in die meul, met rotse wat te groot is om deur die uitskeidingsif te vloei. Die waarnemingsmodel maak gebruik van die ontslaantempo en die opeenhopingstempo van vaste stowwe as parameters. Indien die meul se ontslagvloeitempo, ontslagdigtheid, en totale volumetriese aanhouding gemeet word, is alle toestande en parameters van die waarnemingsmodel lineêr waarneembaar. Alhoewel instrumentasie by die meul se ontslagpunt as gevolg van ruimte beperkings nog nie op industriële aanlegte ingesluit word nie, dui hierdie studie die voordele aan wat verkrygbaar is deur sulke instrumentasie in te sluit. 'n Verlengde Kalman Filter (VKF) word in simulasie gebruik om die model se toestande en parameters af te skat. 'n Bestaande maalmeul simulasie model vanuit die literatuur word gebruik om die nodige data vir die VKF te genereer. Resultate dui aan dat indien die metings akkuraat genoeg is, veral by die ontslagpunt van die meul, betroubare afskattings van die volumetriese hoeveelheid maalmedia, vaste stowwe, en water in die meul gemaak kan word. So 'n afskatter kan vorentoe gebruik word as deel van 'n gevorderde prosesbeheer strategie.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering
PhD
Unrestricted
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Tyabashe, Loyiso. "Determination of the power losses on a tyre-mounted ore-grinding mill." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9709.

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The objective of this study was to determine the power losses occurring on a tyre-mounted ore-grinding mill designed by Dorbyl Heavy Engineering for Mintek. In order to understand the type of losses occurring on this mill it was decided that a scaled model be built and tested. Such a model mill was designed through the dimensional analysis and similitude technique. This technique enables the reduction of the number of variables to be tested by grouping them into a set of dimensionless parameters, and also allows the results obtained by means of experimentation with the scaled models to be related to the full-scale prototypes. The model mill was constructed in the Mechanical Engineering Workshop at the University of Cape Town. The overall dimensions of the model are 1400 mm long, 1070 mm wide and 892.5 mm high. Its drive-train comprises an electric motor, the wedge and timing belts with the appropriate pulleys, a differential gear set, the tyres, a shell and a disc brake sub-assembly. The tyres used to drive the shell can either be of the pneumatic or solid rubber types. The model mill was designed such that the tyre parameters required in the theoretical solution for power losses, which utilises the Light Vehicle Dynamics Simulation tyre model, could also be measured.
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Gravelsins, Robert J. "Studies of grinding of wood and bark-wood mixtures with the Szego mill." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0003/NQ33903.pdf.

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Mejeoumov, Gleb Gennadievich. "Improved cement quality and grinding efficiency by means of closed mill circuit modeling." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2478.

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Botha, Stefan. "Hybrid non-linear model predictive control of a run-of-mine ore grinding mill circuit." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/66915.

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A run-of-mine (ROM) ore milling circuit is primarily used to grind incoming ore containing precious metals to a powder fine enough to liberate the valuable minerals contained therein. The ground ore has a product particle size specification that is set by the downstream separation unit. A ROM ore milling circuit typically consists of a mill, sump and classifier (most commonly a hydrocyclone). These circuits are difficult to control because of unmeasurable process outputs, non-linearities, time delays, large unmeasured disturbances and complex models with modelling uncertainties. The ROM ore milling circuit should be controlled to meet the final product quality specification, but throughput should also be maximised. This further complicates ROM ore grinding mill circuit control, since an inverse non-linear relationship exists between the quality and throughput. ROM ore grinding mill circuit control is constantly evolving to find the best control method with peripheral tools to control the plant. Although many studies have been conducted, more are continually undertaken, since the controller designs are usually based on various assumptions and the required measurements in the grinding mill circuits are often unavailable.
To improve controller performance, many studies investigated the inclusion of additional manipulated variables (MVs) in the controller formulation to help control process disturbances, or to provide some form of functional control. Model predictive control (MPC) is considered one of the best advanced process control (APC) techniques and linear MPC controllers have been implemented on grinding mill circuits, while various other advanced controllers have been investigated and tested in simulation. Because of the complexity of grinding mill circuits non-linear MPC (NMPC) controllers have achieved better results in simulations where a wider operating region is required. In the search for additional MVs some researchers have considered including the discrete dynamics as part of the controller formulation instead of segregating them from the APC or base-layer controllers. The discrete dynamics are typically controlled using a layered approach. Discrete dynamics are on/off elements and in the case of a closed-loop grinding mill circuit the discrete elements can be on/off activation variables for feed conveyor belts to select which stockpile is used, selecting whether a secondary grinding stage should be active or not, and switching hydrocyclones in a hydrocyclone cluster. Discrete dynamics are added directly to the APC controllers by using hybrid model predictive control (HMPC). HMPC controllers have been designed for grinding mill circuits, but none of them has considered the switching of hydrocyclones as an additional MV and they only include linear dynamics for the continuous elements. This study addresses this gap by implementing a hybrid NMPC (HNMPC) controller that can switch the hydrocyclones in a cluster.
A commonly used continuous-time grinding mill circuit model with one hydrocyclone is adapted to contain a cluster of hydrocyclones, resulting in a hybrid model. The model parameters are refitted to ensure that the initial design steady-state conditions for the model are still valid with the cluster. The novel contribution of this research is the design of a HNMPC controller using a cluster of hydrocyclones as an additional MV. The HNMPC controller is formulated using the complete nonlinear hybrid model and a genetic algorithm (GA) as the solver. An NMPC controller is also designed and implemented as the base case controller in order to evaluate the HNMPC controller’s performance. To further illustrate the functional control benefits of including the hydrocyclone cluster as an MV, a linear optimisation objective was added to the HNMPC to increase the grinding circuit throughput, while maintaining the quality specification. The results show that the HNMPC controller outperforms the NMPC one in terms of setpoint tracking, disturbance rejection, and process optimisation objectives. The GA is shown to be a good solver for HNMPC, resulting in a robust controller that can still control the plant even when state noise is added to the simulation.
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2018.
National Research Foundation (DAAD-NRF)
Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering
MEng
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Hou, Yu. "Dem simulation and analysis of operating parameters on grinding performance of a vertical stirred media mill." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46504.

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Stirred media mills have been increasingly used in ultra-fine grinding. The VXPmill is a vertical high speed stirred media mill for grinding mineral ores with high efficiency. Since it is a new technology in the industry, there is little understanding on the breakage kinetics of the mill. In order to gain more knowledge about the VXPmill, computer modelling of the mill was performed. Laboratory grinding trials were also conducted on a pilot scale mill to provide more information about the mill’s capability, as well as verify simulation results. DEM (Discrete Element Method) is a powerful tool in predicting particle behaviour, which is ideal for the study of stirred media milling. The CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) is used to model the motion of slurry by numerically solving the Navier–Stokes equations facilitated with the Volume of Fluid (VOF) and multiphase flow models. Simulation results suggested that a velocity gradient exists in the fluid field and grinding media in the mill. The highest grinding media velocity was reached near the disc edge in the horizontal direction and near the bottom of the mill in vertical direction. Those are the most active grinding zones in a vertical stirred mill. Different operating parameters such as stirrer rotational speed, slurry solid content and slurry viscosity have an influence on mill performance. Simulation results show that operating the mill at a high impeller speed helps to improve mineral liberation, while at too high impeller speed leads to a waste of electric energy without much improvement in mineral liberation. As well, a mid-level slurry solid content (15% v/v to 30% v/v) was found to achieve the best energy utilization during grinding. The slurry viscosity should be kept low to minimize the effect of high shear stress in the slurry. The influence of various operating parameters can be combined into the ‘stress intensity’ which describes the capability of a stirred media mill. Operating parameters also have an influence on the magnitude of force magnitude between grinding media which will result in different breakage mechanism. Fracture breakage mechanism plays a more important role than attrition in VXPmill.
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Kozdas, Ondřej. "Aktivátory mletí." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233364.

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Skuse, Thomas Richard. "The use of Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT) to determine the grinding mechanisms within a vertically stirred media mill." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6769/.

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A Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT) based technique was developed and used to study laboratory grinding of calcium carbonate in a vertically stirred media mill. The PEPT data along with particle fracture data obtained by micromanipulation were used to understand the grinding mechanisms. The PEPT methodology allowed measurements of grinding media occupancy, velocity, force, stress and media–media collisions at different positions within the mill. The stresses exerted by the media were compared with calcium carbonate strength measurements made using the micromanipulator to determine the percentage of the grinding media with sufficient stress to overcome the strength of the calcium carbonate particle. The collision frequency and total number of collisions were estimated using a modified Arrhenius equation approach by measuring the mean relative velocity of the grinding media (estimated to be the standard deviation of velocity measurements made in a block volume) and the number of media particles in a unit volume. This approach was used to characterise the behaviour of a benchmark grinding experiment performed under standard conditions and to understand the effect different operating conditions had on the number of collisions and stress exerted at these collisions. A number of suggestions for improved mill performance are given.
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Drozdiak, Jeffrey Adam. "A pilot-scale examination of a novel high pressure grinding roll / stirred mill comminution circuit for hard-rock mining applications." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/33837.

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The mining industry will be faced with new challenges as the need to develop lower grade ore deposits expands to meet the rising demand for raw resources. Low-grade deposits require a substantially increased tonnage to achieve adequate metal production and have caused the consumption of energy in mining practices such as comminution to rise dramatically. If improvements could be made in the processes employed for metal extraction, the mining industry could remain sustainable for future generations. This research focused on the development of a novel comminution circuit design to addresses these issues. The circuit design incorporated two, known energy efficient technologies, the High Pressure Grinding Roll (HPGR) and the horizontal high-speed stirred mill, and examined the technical feasibility of a circuit operating without the need for a tumbling mill. The main objectives of this research were to setup pilot-scale research equipment and develop the design criteria necessary to operate an HPGR / stirred mill circuit. Testing consisted of using a copper-nickel sulphide ore from Teck Limited’s Mesaba deposit to evaluate a circuit comprised of two stages of HPGR comminution followed by stirred mill grinding. To evaluate the potential energy benefits of this novel circuit arrangement, energy consumption related to comminution was calculated for the circuit using power draw readings off the main motor and the throughput recorded during testing. To provide a basis for comparison, the energy requirements for two conventional circuits, a cone crusher / ball mill and an HPGR / ball mill, were determined through HPGR pilot-scale testing, Bond grindability testing and JK SimMet® flowsheet simulation. Results from this research showed that operating the first-stage HPGR in open circuit and the second stage in closed circuit with a 710µm screen, resulted in a circuit energy requirement of 14.85kWh/t, a reduction of 9.2 and 16.7% over the HPGR / ball mill and cone crusher / ball mill circuits, respectively. To assist in future HPGR / stirred mill studies, a refined testing procedure was developed with a reduced sample commitment and the ability to perform an energy comparison with a Semi-Autogenous Grinding (SAG) mill / ball mill circuit.
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Books on the topic "Grinding mill"

1

Keviczky, L. Mathematics and Control Engineering of Grinding Technology: Ball Mill Grinding. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989.

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László, Keviczky. Mathematics and control engineering of grinding technology: Ball mill grinding. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989.

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Tuunila, Ritva. Ultrafine grinding of FGD and phosphogypsum with an attrition bead mill and a jet mill: Optimisation and modelling of grinding and mill comparison. Lappeenranta, Finland: Lappeenranta University of Technology, 1997.

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Rajamani, Kuppuswamy. Optimal control of closed circuit ball mill grinding. Ann Arbor, MI: UMI Dissertation Services, 1990.

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Lachapelle, Daniel J. Grinding circuit simulation of St Andrew Goldfields Stock Mill. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, School of Engineering, 2000.

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Filipovic, Lovro A. Milling: Operations, applications and industrial effects. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2012.

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Molder, Tauno. Grinding of waste paper with the Szego Mill for use as plastics filler. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1994.

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Park, Byung-Dae. Application of the Szego Mill for grinding and compounding of cellulosic filler in polymers. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1996.

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Rule, A. R. Influence of an organic polymer in ball-mill grinding of quartz, dolomite, and copper ore. Pittsburgh, Pa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1985.

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Schleifkotten, Mühlen und Hämmer an den Solinger Bächen. Köln: Rheinland-Verlag, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Grinding mill"

1

Yeremeeva, Olena, Yevgen Kharchenko, Hennadii Tkachenko, Iryna Shapoval, and Olena Hryhorenko. "Investigation of the Grinding Mode of the Enriched Wheat Products in the Rolling Mill 1-Grinding System of the Milling Mill of Wheat Grinding." In Modern Development Paths of Agricultural Production, 807–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14918-5_79.

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Chen, Xisong, Jun Yang, Shihua Li, and Qi Li. "An Improved Control Strategy for Ball Mill Grinding Circuits." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 409–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15621-2_45.

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Jauregui-Correa, Juan Carlos, and Omar Escamilla-Gonzalez. "Modeling an Antique Grinding Mill of Guanajuato Silver Mines." In Explorations in the History and Heritage of Machines and Mechanisms, 101–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03538-9_9.

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Sen, Sonali, Arup Kumar Bhaumik, and Jaya Sil. "Classification of Ball Mill Acoustic for Predictive Grinding Using PCA." In Computational Intelligence in Pattern Recognition, 433–43. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9042-5_37.

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Tie, Ming, Jing Bi, and Yushun Fan. "Hybrid Intelligent Modeling Approach for the Ball Mill Grinding Process." In Advances in Neural Networks – ISNN 2007, 609–17. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72383-7_72.

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Nolde, Hans-Dieter, Jan Paepcke, Dr Jens-Peter Thiel, and Arne Hilck. "New Developments of Anode Coke Grinding Using a Vertical Mill Technology." In Light Metals 2015, 1045–48. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119093435.ch175.

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Zhang, Rende, Xuewei Lv, Changyang Ji, and Xiangwei Zheng. "Grinding Kinetics of Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite Concentrate in a Ball Mill." In Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials 2014, 271–76. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118888056.ch32.

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Nolde, Hans-Dieter, Jan Paepcke, Dr Jens-Peter Thiel, and Arne Hilck. "New Developments of Anode Coke Grinding Using a Vertical Mill Technology." In Light Metals 2015, 1045–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48248-4_175.

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Guptaa, Gagan Kumar, and Somnath Chattopadhyayab. "Critical Failure Analysis of Lower Grinding Ring of Ball and Race Mill." In Advances in Manufacturing Engineering and Materials, 246–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99353-9_27.

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Abu Bakar, Muhamad Husaini, Ahmad-Fazireen Ahmad-Fauzi, and Nor Liyana Maskuri. "Kinetic Modelling of a Particle Grinding Process in a Planetary Ball Mill Jar." In Advanced Structured Materials, 183–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05621-6_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Grinding mill"

1

Jiang Xiaohong and Zhang Yongzho. "Vibrating mill grinding media group simulations." In 2010 International Conference on Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering (MACE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mace.2010.5535541.

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Paramasivam, Ramasamy, and Baskaran Rajendran Nair. "Effect of Calcium Stearate as Grinding Additive for Grinding of Calcite in Ball Mill, Rod Mill and Vibration Ball Mill: A Comparative Study." In 5th Asian Particle Technology Symposium. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-2518-1_299.

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Tuunila, R. "Optimization of grinding time in a ball mill-attrition bead mill process." In The 8th International Mineral Processing Symposium. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203747117-12.

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Gock, E., and K. Kurrer. "The eccentric vibratory mill – Innovation of finest grinding." In The 8th International Mineral Processing Symposium. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203747117-6.

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Sen, Sonali, Arup Kumar Bhaumik, and Jaya Sil. "Mathematical modeling of predictive grinding for ball mill." In TENCON 2016 - 2016 IEEE Region 10 Conference. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2016.7848197.

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Ludiger, Andreas. "Gearbox design development for central mill drives and vertical roller grinding mill drives." In 2007 IEEE Cement Industry Technical Conference Record. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/citcon.2007.358996.

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Druffner, Christoph, and Jefferson S. Babilon. "LATEST DEVELOPMENTS IN HIGH-PRECISION ROLL GRINDING FOR COLD ROLLING MILL APPLICATIONS MILLS." In 49º Seminário de Laminação. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/2594-5297-22647.

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Mullins, S. H., C. G. Jensen, and D. C. Anderson. "Scallop Elimination Based on Precise 5-Axis Tool Placement, Orientation, and Step-Over Calculations." In ASME 1993 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1993-0428.

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Abstract This paper presents algorithms for computing precise 5-axis placement, orientation, and step-over calculations for end mill cutters at a single point on a sculptured surface. Present methods leave irregular scallops between finishing tool passes that require manual grinding to prepare the machined surface for polishing. The relationship between scallop height and step-over is well known for 3-axis movement of a ball end mill across a planar surface but no such relationship exists for 5-axis movement of end mills of other types. Manual grinding of machined surfaces is a time consuming process that generally results in a significant difference between the surface as designed and the actual machined surface. The goal of this approach is the elimination of rough grinding by eliminating scallops between adjacent points on consecutive finish machining passes. An example of a computer implementation of the method using a filleted end mill is also presented.
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Ogonowski, Szymon, Zbigniew Ogonowski, and Markus Swierzy. "Power optimizing control of grinding process in electromagnetic mill." In 2017 21st International Conference on Process Control (PC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pc.2017.7976242.

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Yutian, Zhu, Liu Liyi, and Liu Zhao. "Numerical Modelling of Grinding in a Horizontal Bead Mill." In 2019 International Conference on Advances in Construction Machinery and Vehicle Engineering (ICACMVE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icacmve.2019.00080.

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Reports on the topic "Grinding mill"

1

Fuerstenau, D. W. Rheology of coal-water slurries prepared by the HP roll mill grinding of coal. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6698413.

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Fuerstenau, D. W., and A. De. Rheology of coal-water slurries prepared by the high-pressure roll mill grinding of coal. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/415363.

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Fuerstenau, D. W. Rheology of coal-water slurries prepared by the HP roll mill grinding of coal. Quarterly technical progress report No. 4, June 1--August 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10109147.

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Fuerstenau, D. W. Rheology of coal-water slurries prepared by the HP roll mill grinding of coal. Quarterly technical progress report No. 5, September 1--November 30, 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10141508.

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Fuerstenau, D. W. Rheology of coal-water slurries prepared by the HP roll mill grinding of coal. Quarterly technical progress report No. 1, September 1--November 30, 1992. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10143266.

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Fuerstenau, D. W. Rheology of coal-water slurries prepared by the HP roll mill grinding of coal. Quarterly technical progress report number 11, March 1--May 31, 1995. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/113898.

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Fuerstenau, D. W. Rheology of coal-water slurries prepared by the HP roll mill grinding of coal. Quarterly technical progress report No. 3, March 1--May 31, 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10178691.

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Fuerstenau, D. W. Rheology of coal-water slurries prepared by the HP roll mill grinding of coal. Quarterly technical report No. 7, March 1, 1994--May 31, 1994. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10182298.

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Fuerstenau, D. W. Rheology of coal-water slurries prepared by the HP roll mill grinding of coal. Quarterly technical progress report No. 2, December 1, 1992--February 28, 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/138669.

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Fuerstenau, D. W. Rheology of coal-water slurries prepared by the HP roll mill grinding of coal. Quarterly technical progress report No. 13, September 1, 1995--November 30, 1995. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/224377.

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