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Journal articles on the topic 'Grön logistik'
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Liu, Lu, Wei Wu, Si-yu Zhang, Kai-qiang Zhang, Jian Li, Yang Liu, and Zhi-hua Yin. "Dental Caries Prediction Based on a Survey of the Oral Health Epidemiology among the Geriatric Residents of Liaoning, China." BioMed Research International 2020 (December 7, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5348730.
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Background. Dental caries is one of the most common chronic diseases observed in elderly patients. The development of preventive strategies for dental caries in elderly individuals is vital. Objective. The objective of the present study was to construct a generalized regression neural network (GRNN) prediction model for the risk assessment of dental caries among the geriatric residents of Liaoning, China. Methods. A stratified equal-capacity random sampling method was used to randomly select 1144 elderly (65-74 years) residents (gender ratio 1 : 1) of Liaoning, China. Data for the oral assessment, including caries characteristics, and questionnaire survey from each participant were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was then performed to identify the independent predictors. GRNN was applied to establish a prediction model for dental caries. The accuracy of the unconditional logistic regression and the GRNN early warning model was compared. Results. A total of 1144 patients fulfilled the requirements and completed the questionnaires. The caries rate was 68.5%, and the main associated factors were toothache history, residence area, smoking, and drinking. We randomly divided the data for the 1144 participants into a training set (915 cases) and a test set (229 cases). The optimal smoothing factor was 0.7, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the GRNN model was 0.626 (95% confidence interval, 0.544 to 0.708), with a P value of 0.002. In terms of consistency, sensitivity, and specificity, the GRNN model was better than the traditional unconditional multivariate logistic regression model. Conclusion. Geriatric (65-74 years) residents of Liaoning, China, have a high rate of dental caries. Residents with a history of toothache and smoking habits are more susceptible to the disease. The GRNN early warning model is an accurate and meaningful tool for screening, early diagnosis, and treatment planning for geriatric individuals with a high risk of caries.
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Zhao, Mingjing, Shouwen Ji, and Zhenlin Wei. "Risk prediction and risk factor analysis of urban logistics to public security based on PSO-GRNN algorithm." PLOS ONE 15, no. 10 (October 5, 2020): e0238443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238443.
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Banguera, Leonardo A., Juan M. Sepúlveda, Rodrigo Ternero, Manuel Vargas, and Óscar C. Vásquez. "Reverse logistics network design under extended producer responsibility: The case of out-of-use tires in the Gran Santiago city of Chile." International Journal of Production Economics 205 (November 2018): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2018.09.006.
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Cardozo, Gabriela, Carlos Marcelo Scavuzzo, Mario Lanfri, Margarita Chiaraviglio, and Valeria Di Cola. "Modelling the distribution of the Boid snakes, Epicrates cenchria alvarezi and Boa constrictor occidentalis in the Gran Chaco (South America)." Amphibia-Reptilia 29, no. 3 (2008): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853808785112138.
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Abstract The viviparous snake species Epicrates cenchria alvarezi and Boa constrictor occidentalis inhabit the Gran Chaco region of South America. Ecological factors determining their distribution are poorly known. GIS-based modelling of a species' environmental requirements using occurrence records provides essential information of the species' distribution. We modelled the geographical distribution of E. c. alvarezi and B. c. occidentalis in the Gran Chaco and analyzed the degree to which their distribution is associated with different environmental variables (precipitation, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), land surface temperature and altitude) using Logistic Regression Analysis. We found that E. c. alvarezi and B. c. occidentalis would be more frequent in areas with high levels of NDVI (positive relationship with NDVI1), with low levels of precipitation (negative relationship with PRE1) and with lower altitude (negative relationship with ALT). However, the analysis also revealed specific differences in the environmental requirements of the snakes, showing that B. c. occidentalis is more frequent than E. c. alvarezi at sites with higher levels of NDVI. Additionally, E. c. alvarezi is more frequent at sites with lower temperatures in the dry season. The maps obtained show that both are highly likely to be present in the Dry subregion of the Gran Chaco. The results of the present study can be an important contribution to a better understanding of the ecological requirements of the species and of the impact of global environmental change on its distribution.
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Marcelo Vénere, Alejandro Clausse, Víctor Herrero, and Lourdes Perea Muñoz. "Simulador informático para cursos de entrenamiento de equipos de operación de cadenas de distribución." Revista Clepsidra 5, no. 9 (December 17, 2009): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26564/19001355.196.
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Presenta el desarrollo del simulador informático DLS (Distributed Logistic Simulation) que Se opera distribuido en red (LAN o Internet) orientado a soporte de cursos universitarios y entrenamiento “in-company”. El sistema permite que los instructores diseñen los trabajos prácticos de los cursos en forma ágil, mediante la carga de parámetros de control (lead times, tamaño de inventarios, número de productos, etc.). DLS puede ser adaptado para simular una gran variedad de escenarios logísticos transmitiendo los conceptos principales de la teoría de cadenas de distribución, como gestión de inventarios, determinación y negociación de precios, comunicación de información entre jugadores, etc. El simulador fue aplicado en dos cursos para evaluar el grado de respuesta de grupos de estudiantes, mostrando excelente resultados.
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Río Merino, Mercedes Del, Paola Villoria Saez, and Fernando Torrijos Antelo. "Reverse logistics applied to building companies. Demolition stage = Logística inversa aplicada a las empresas de edificación. Fase de demolición." Building & Management 1, no. 2 (August 4, 2017): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20868/bma.2017.2.3550.
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The building activity entails a series of environmental impacts that negatively affect the environment if they are not managed effectively. This negative impact is mainly caused because this activity consumes a large amount of natural resources and energy, modifies the land and soil, and a huge amount of waste throughout the building life cycle. In this sense, it is necessary to implement new management processes to reduce the environmental impact. Reverse logistics is a methodology widely implemented in other industrial sectors and has obtained interesting results in terms of improving waste reduction and resource consumption. In this article, some of the results obtained in a research project aiming to develop a new management system for the demolition stage of a building, which incorporate good practices used in other industrial sectors implementing reverse logistics in their processes. In order to obtain this objective, a bibliographical and documentary review on good practices of reverse logistics applied to the industry was developed, selecting the most suitable ones for the construction sector. Moreover, a series of processes are proposed to incorporate in a Quality Management System of a construction company.ResumenLa actividad edificatoria conlleva una serie de repercusiones medioambientales que afectan de forma negativa si no se gestionan de una forma eficaz. Esto es así porque en gran parte de dicha actividad se utilizan una gran cantidad de recursos naturales, se modifican los terrenos para la construcción de edificios, se genera un elevado consumo de energía y se deposita una ingente cantidad de residuos durante todo el ciclo de vida de los edificios. En este sentido, es necesario implementar nuevos procesos de gestión que reduzcan dicho impacto medioambiental. La logística inversa es una metodología ampliamente utilizada por otros sectores industriales habiendo obtenido resultados interesantes en cuanto a la mejora de la reducción de residuos y consumo de recursos. En este artículo, se resumen algunos de los resultados obtenidos en un proyecto de investigación cuyo objetivo es desarrollar un nuevo sistema de gestión para la fase de demolición del edificio, que reúne buenas prácticas utilizadas en otros sectores industriales que incorporan la logística inversa en sus procesos, para conseguir reducir el impacto medioambiental del sector. Para conseguir el objetivo se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica y documental sobre buenas prácticas de logística inversa aplicadas a la industria seleccionando las más adecuadas para la edificación, así como se propusieron una serie de procesos para incorporar en un Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad tipo de una empresa de construcción.
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Miyawaki, Yutaka, Hiroshi Sato, Naoto Fujiwara, Hirofumi Sugita, Shinichi Sakuramoto, Kojun Okamoto, Shigeki Yamaguchi, and Isamu Koyama. "Evaluation of the Associations between Gastric Tube Preparation Methods and the Incidence of Cervical Anastomotic Leakage after Esophagectomy for Thoracic Esophageal Cancer." Digestive Surgery 37, no. 2 (April 2, 2019): 154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000499197.
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Background: A gastric tube (GT) is most often selected as a reconstruction conduit in esophageal reconstruction. Although some leakage from esophagogastric anastomoses is induced by blood flow failure in reconstruction conduits, the association between the GT and the anastomotic leakage (AL) is unclear. Objectives: We retrospectively evaluated the incidence of AL according to the GT shape. Methods: Between February 2013 and September 2017, 188 consecutive patients who underwent esophagectomy with GT reconstruction were enrolled in this cohort study. We performed GT reconstruction using a narrow GT (Gr.N) until May 2016. Subsequently, we began preparing and using a stretched GT (Gr.S). Results: AL occurred in 29 of 188 (15.4%) patients. The frequency of AL was lower with Gr.S than with Gr.N (p = 0.034). Sex, body mass index, Brinkman index, hypertension, and anemia were significantly associated with AL (p = 0.033, 0.041, 0.003, 0.030, and 0.042, respectively). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, the GT shape and the Brinkman index were shown to be independent risk factors for AL (p = 0.016 and 0.020, respectively). Conclusions: The GT preparation method is an independent risk factor for AL after cervical esophagogastrostomy. Thus, improved GT preparation methods could contribute to the reduction of AL after esophagectomy.
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Huang, Yi-Cheng, Zi-Sheng Yang, and Hsien-Shu Liao. "Labeling Confidence Values for Wafer-Handling Robot Arm Performance Using a Feature-Based General Regression Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm." Applied Sciences 9, no. 20 (October 11, 2019): 4241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9204241.
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The prognosis and management of machine health statuses are emerging research topics. In this study, the performance degradation of a wafer-handling robot arm (WHRA) was predicted using the proposed machine-learning approach. This method considers the eccentric vertical and planar position deviations from a wafer mark using a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. Synthesized position signals were defined using the square root of x- and y-axes deviations in the horizontal view and the square of the wafer mark diameter in the vertical view. A feature extraction method was used to determine the position status on the basis of these displacements and the area of a wafer mark in a CCD image. The root mean square error and mean, maximum, and minimum of the synthesized position signals were extracted through feature extraction and used for data mining by a general regression neural network (GRNN) and logistic regression (LR) models. The lifetime assessment by confidence value of the WHRA’s remaining useful life (RUL) by the genetic algorithm/GRNN exhibited nearly the same trend as that predicted through a run-to-failure LR model. The experimental results indicated that the proposed methodology can be used for proactive assessments of the RUL of WHRAs.
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Miyawaki, Yutaka, Hiroshi Sato, Sinich Sakuramoto, Koujun Okamoto, Shigeki Yamaguchi, and Isamu Koyama. "PS01.175: EVALUATION OF ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN GASTRIC TUBE PREPARATION METHODS AND THE INCIDENCE OF CERVICAL ANASTOMOTIC LEAKAGE AFTER ESOPHAGECTOMY FOR THORACIC ESOPHAGEAL CANCER." Diseases of the Esophagus 31, Supplement_1 (September 1, 2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/dote/doy089.ps01.175.
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Abstract Background In esophageal reconstruction, the gastric tube (GT) is superior in elevation and handiness of the maneuver; therefore, GT is most often selected as a reconstruction conduit. Although some leakages from esophagogastric anastomoses are induced by ischemic or congested peripheral blood flow in the reconstruction conduits, the association between the GT and the incidence of anastomotic leakage (AL) is unclear. Methods Between February 2013 and September 2017, 188 consecutive patients who underwent an esophagectomy with GT reconstruction were enrolled in this cohort study. We performed GT reconstructions using narrow gastric tubes (Gr.N) until May 2016, which is when we began preparing and using stretched GTs (Gr.S). We retrospectively evaluated the incidence of AL. Results AL occurred in 29 of 188 (15.4%) patients, and the frequency of AL occurrence in Gr.S was lower than that in Gr.N (P = 0.034). Sex, body mass index, Brinkman index, and presence of hypertension or anemia were significantly associated with AL (P = 0.033, 0.041, 0.003, 0.030, and 0.042, respectively). The multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that the type of GT used and the Brinkman index were independent risk factors for AL (P = 0.016 and 0.020, respectively). Conclusion Our results demonstrated that the difference in the GT preparation method was an independent risk factor for AL after cervical esophagogastrostomy. We suggest that the method of GT preparation could contribute to a reduction of AL after esophagectomy. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
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García-Segovia, Purificación, Almudena Sánchez-Villegas, Jorge Doreste, Francisco Santana, and Lluís Serra-Majem. "Olive oil consumption and risk of breast cancer in the Canary Islands: a population-based case–control study." Public Health Nutrition 9, no. 1a (February 2006): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2005940.
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AbstractBack groundBreast cancer mortality and incidence rates in the Canary Islands, and particularly in Gran Canaria, are higher than those in the rest of Spain.Objectives and designA case–control study was designed to assess the role of differential fatty acid intakes and olive oil consumption on breast cancer risk in the Canary Islands. The study was conducted between 1999 and 2001, including a total of 755 women: 291 incident cases with confirmed breast cancer and 464 controls randomly selected from the Canary Island Nutrition Survey (ENCA). A semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire was completed and potential confounders were adjusted using unconditional logistic regression.ResultsCompared to the first quintile of intake, the highest quintile of monounsaturated fat intake was significantly related to a lower risk of breast cancer (odds ratio = 0.52; 95% CI 0.30–0.92). Regarding olive oil, the odds ratio for women in the three upper quintiles of consumption (≥8.8 g/day) was 0.27 (95% CI 0.17–0.42).ConclusionOur results support the protective role of olive oil consumption on breast cancer among Canaries women.
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Marino, Giulia. "Aspetti comunitari dell'attivitŕ in emergenza: il caso Abruzzo." GRUPPI, no. 3 (October 2011): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/gru2010-003006.
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L'autrice ripercorre le fasi dell'intervento di emergenza realizzato all'Aquila dopo il terremoto, per evidenziarne le criticitŕ e per individuare le modifiche necessarie alla sua ottimizzazione. A questo scopo, propone la cronaca dei primi interventi dal punto di vista logistico e aiuta a rappresentarsi l'ingente dispiego di forze messe in campo per fronteggiare l'emergenza. Descrive i primi interventi in ambito psicologico - destinati ai familiari delle vittime - e, in seguito, le attivitŕ di counselling e ludico-creative per i soggetti che manifestavano un maggior disagio psicologico e per i bambini. L'assistenza psicosociale č stata fornita da un gran numero di volontari impegnati in alcune associazioni coordinate dalle Protezione Civile. Prima di chiudere la fase dell'emergenza in carico alla Protezione Civile, i volontari hanno stimato la situazione psicologica della comunitŕ, utilizzando i parametri proposti da Gordon per la valutazione a lungo termine dopo una catastrofe, e hanno passato le consegne agli Enti locali che, sempre grazie alla disponibilitŕ di associazioni che autofinanziano il proprio lavoro, hanno organizzato interventi diversi, soprattutto nelle scuole.
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Ordorica, Manuel. "Evolución de la población de México, 1980-2005, conforme a la hipótesis de una tasa de crecimiento demográfico logística / Evolution of the Population of Mexico, 1980-2005, under the Hypothesis of a Logistic Demographic Growth Rate." Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos 23, no. 3 (September 1, 2008): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.24201/edu.v23i3.1318.
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En la investigación en demografía se ha desarrollado un gran número de funciones matemáticas con el fin de representar la evolución de la población, entre las que sobresalen la exponencial y la logística. Sin embargo ninguna de estas funciones se ajusta fielmente a la realidad debido a que las hipótesis que subyacen a tales representaciones matemáticas no describen la dinámica de la población. El objetivo del presente trabajo es construir una función matemática que se aproxime a la descripción de la dinámica de la población total de México entre 1980 y 2005, al tiempo que reproduzca en forma adecuada la trayectoria de la tasa de crecimiento de la población observada en el periodo señalado. Asimismo se realiza un pronóstico de la población a partir de la función matemática encontrada. También se realiza la proyección de la población de un municipio con pocos habitantes, a fin de probar la fórmula en este estudio de caso y comparar sus resultados con los de otros métodos de pronóstico. AbstractIn demographic research, several mathematical functions have been developed to represent the evolution of the population, including the exponential and logistic function. None of these functions fits reality perfectly, however, since the hypotheses underlying these mathematical representations fail to describe population dynamics. The aim of this study is to construct a mathematical function that approaches the description of the dynamics of the total population of Mexico between 1980 and 2005, while accurately reproducing the path of the population growth rate observed during this period. It therefore carries out a forecast of the population on the basis of the mathematical function found. It also carried out a forecast of the population in a municipality with very few inhabitants, in order to test the formula in this case study and compare its results with those of other forecasting methods.
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Quesada-Ruiz, L., V. Rodriguez-Galiano, and R. Jordá-Borrell. "Identifying the main physical and socioeconomic drivers of illegal landfills in the Canary Islands." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 36, no. 11 (October 18, 2018): 1049–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x18804031.
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The management of disposed waste in illegal landfills (ILs) is a significant problem in contemporary societies due to respective hazards for the environment and human health. This paper presents a characterisation of ILs on the islands of La Palma (LP) and Gran Canaria (GC) based on multivariable statistical analysis. Inspection of numerous sites on both islands revealed a total of 153 and 286 ILs on LP and GC, respectively. A geospatial database was created composed of different potentially explanatory features of different typology (177): waste type, control and vigilance, socioeconomic, accessibility, distance to elements of interest, visibility and physical. The degree of association between the explanatory features and the occurrence of ILs was analysed with the support of exploratory statistics and the multivariable analysis techniques of principal component analysis (PCA) and binary logistic regression (LR). PCA explained 82.34% and 81.83% of total data variance in LP and GC, respectively, considering 7 and 6 components (Kaiser–Mayer–Olkin; LP: 0.715; GC: 0.711). The LR models for LP and GC had an overall accuracy of 93.5% and 92.5%. In LP and GC, 6 of 23 features and 9 of 21 features were, respectively, selected. The features most associated with the occurrence of ILs were: in LP, building density, distance to agricultural spaces and distance to green zones; in GC, the industrial activity indicator, density of ground use transition to artificial covers, density of greenhouses and distance to communication routes.
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Patla, Debra, and Charles Peterson. "Amphibian and Reptile Inventory and Monitoring Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 26 (January 1, 2002): 106–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2002.3519.
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This is a report of the results of amphibian surveys conducted in Yellowstone (YELL) and Grand Teton (GRTE) national parks and the J. D. Rockefeller Memorial Parkway (JODR) in the summer of 2002. Work was financially supported by the USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (USGS-ARMI) and the National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program (NPSÂ I&M). YELL and GRTE provided multiple forms of logistic support including permits, boat transport, loan of radios, and field crew lodging. This report is intended to satisfy the NPS-I&M contract requirement for an annual and cumulative progress report. An initial progress report was prepared last year (Patla and Peterson 2002); a final report will be submitted to NPS by February 2004. This report will be provided to the GRYN I&M office, YELL and GRTE, and ARMI. For more information, contact Chuck Peterson (petechar@isu.edu). This report contains three sections covering the three project components: systematic surveys, targeted species surveys, and the Lodge Creek Columbia Spotted Frog monitoring site. Each section includes background information, methods, results and discussion. An updated list of herpetofauna species follows the targeted species section. A relational database submitted on a CD with this report provides data documenting sampling events and findings. We also are providing digital photographs of sites visited and voucher photos, and ArcView GIS themes depicting the locations of sites and amphibian/reptile records.
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Convery, Rhian S., Martina Bocchetta, Caroline V. Greaves, Katrina M. Moore, David M. Cash, John Van Swieten, Fermin Moreno, et al. "Abnormal pain perception is associated with thalamo-cortico-striatal atrophy in C9orf72 expansion carriers in the GENFI cohort." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 91, no. 12 (August 5, 2020): 1325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2020-323279.
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ObjectiveFrontotemporal dementia (FTD) is typically associated with changes in behaviour, language and movement. However, recent studies have shown that patients can also develop an abnormal response to pain, either heightened or diminished. We aimed to investigate this symptom in mutation carriers within the Genetic FTD Initiative (GENFI).MethodsAbnormal responsiveness to pain was measured in 462 GENFI participants: 281 mutation carriers and 181 mutation-negative controls. Changes in responsiveness to pain were scored as absent (0), questionable or very mild (0.5), mild (1), moderate (2) or severe (3). Mutation carriers were classified into C9orf72 (104), GRN (128) and MAPT (49) groups, and into presymptomatic and symptomatic stages. An ordinal logistic regression model was used to compare groups, adjusting for age and sex. Voxel-based morphometry was performed to identify neuroanatomical correlates of abnormal pain perception.ResultsAltered responsiveness to pain was present to a significantly greater extent in symptomatic C9orf72 expansion carriers than in controls: mean score 0.40 (SD 0.71) vs 0.00 (0.04), reported in 29% vs 1%. No significant differences were seen between the other symptomatic groups and controls, or any of the presymptomatic mutation carriers and controls. Neural correlates of altered pain perception in C9orf72 expansion carriers were the bilateral thalamus and striatum as well as a predominantly right-sided network of regions involving the orbitofrontal cortex, inferomedial temporal lobe and cerebellum.ConclusionChanges in pain perception are a feature of C9orf72 expansion carriers, likely representing a disruption in somatosensory, homeostatic and semantic processing, underpinned by atrophy in a thalamo-cortico-striatal network.
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Andujar, Miguel, Esther Roura, Alejandra Torres, Begoña Vega, Marta Pavcovich, Miguel Angel Sanchez, Amina Lubrano, et al. "Prevalence and genotype distribution of cervical human papilomavirus infection in the pre-vaccination era: a population-based study in the Canary Islands." BMJ Open 10, no. 9 (September 2020): e037402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037402.
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ObjectiveNational Spanish studies show that prevalence of cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the female population is increasingly frequent, with an overall estimate of 14% in women aged 18–65 years. The objective of this study is to know the prevalence and distribution of HPV types in the female population of the Canary Islands prior to the introduction of HPV vaccines and to investigate the associated clinical and sociodemographic factors.MethodsBased on the Primary Health Care database, a sample of adult women (aged 18–65 years) of Gran Canaria (GC) and Tenerife (TF) stratified into nine age groups was carried out between 2002 and 2007. Women were contacted by postal letter and telephone call and were visited in their primary care centre. A clinical-epidemiological survey was completed and cervical samples were taken for cytological study and HPV detection. HPV prevalence and its 95% CI were estimated, and multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression to identify factors associated with the infection.Results6010 women participated in the study, 3847 from GC and 2163 from TF. The overall prevalence of HPV infection was 13.6% (CI 12.8%–14.5%) and 11.1% (CI 10.3%–11.9%) for high-risk types. The most frequent HPV type was 16 followed by types 51, 53, 31, 42 and 59. HPV types included in the nonavalent vaccine were detected in 54.1% of infected women. Factors associated with an increased risk of infection were: young ages (18–29 years), the number of sexual partners throughout life, not being married, being a smoker, and having had previous cervical lesions or genital warts.ConclusionsIt is confirmed that prevalence of HPV infection in the female population of the Canary Islands is high, but similar to that of Spain, HPV 16 being the most frequent genotype. The determinants of infection are consistent with those of other populations.
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Ruiz-Juan, Francisco, Manuel Isorna Folgar, Jorge Ruiz-Risueño Abad, and Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal. "Consumo de tabaco en adultos el sureste español y su relación con la actividad físico-deportiva y familia (Tobacco consumption in southeastern adult Spanish its relationship with physics-co-sports and family activity)." Retos, no. 26 (March 6, 2015): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i26.34390.
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Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre práctica físico-deportiva y consumo de tabaco en una muestra representativas de adultos del sureste español en función de una serie de variables sociodemográficas y la influencia de la familia. Material y Métodos. 3263 adultos fueron entrevistados mediante cuestionario por rutas aleatorias. Se utilizó una regresión logística multinomial para calcular odds ratio (OR) e intervalo de confianza (IC=95%). Resultados. El consumo de tabaco es mayor en cuanto a porcentaje y/o cantidad en los hombres; en la etapa adulta (entre 31 y 60 años); en personas con hijos a su cargo; con estudios secundarios o universitarios; que han abandonado la práctica físico-deportiva o que realizan deporte en equipo o no competitivo; cuyos familiares fuman; y entre los consumidores de alcohol. El consumo es menor entre aquellos que nunca han realizado ejercicio físico, que lo realizan a intensidad vigorosa y entre los mayores de 60 años. Conclusiones. El tabaquismo y la práctica de actividad física-deportiva son conductas que parecen estar inversamente relacionadas. También se ha detectado una relación directamente proporcional entre la frecuencia y la cantidad de consumo de tabaco y alcohol así como una gran influencia de la familia en el hábito de fumar. Los resultados de este estudio son de gran utilidad a la hora de comprobar el efecto que la práctica físico-deportiva y el entorno socio-afectivo tienen en la adquisición y regulación de conductas saludables o nocivas.Palabras clave: Actividad Física, Tabaquismo, Deporte, Familia, España.Abstract. Objective. To determine the relationship between sport practice and tobacco consumption in a representative Southeast Spanish adult sample depending on a number of sociodemographic and family influence. Material and Methods. 3263 adults were questionnaire random routes interviewed. Multinomial logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI=95%). Results. Tobacco consumption is higher in percentage and/or amount in men; in adulthood (between 31 and 60 years); in people with dependent children; with secondary and university studies; who have left physical sports practice or who do team sports or not competitive practice; whose family members smoke; and who drink alcohol. The consumption is lower in people who have never done physical exercise; who do a vigorous intensity physical exercise; and who is over 60 years. Conclusions. Smoking and physical sport practice are inverse related behaviors. It was found a directly and proportional relationship between frequency and amount of tobacco and alcohol consumption; family influence a lot in smoke habit. Results of the present research are very useful to check the effect of physical sport and socio-emotional environment on the acquisition and regulation of healthy or unhealthy behaviors.Key words: Physical activity, smoking, sport, family, Spain.
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Silva, Fander de Oliveira, and William Rodrigues Ferreira. "A LOGÍSTICA URBANA NA PRODUÇÃO DO ESPAÇO." Revista Cerrados 16, no. 01 (March 13, 2020): 159–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22238/rc2448269220181601159182.
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Atualmente, embora o conceito de produção extrapole a materialidade, a categoria central que o tem fundamentado é a reprodução do modo de vida, sendo o trabalho um fator de extrema importância na condução das práticas de territorialização e desterritorilização, deslocando os fixos, fluxos e suas relações espaciais, ao passo que lhe escapa a reprodução do espaço e do capital. Dessa forma, este trabalho tem por objetivo compreender as relações do espaço geográfico, do território e das redes de transportes na proposta da Logística, chegando ao ponto de partida da Geografia dos Transportes caracterizado por análises dos sistemas de transporte que redundam na contribuição para as transformações territoriais nos seus eixos cardeais: a produção, reprodução, estruturação e reestruturação. Nesse contexto, a atuação do Poder Público e do empresariado no território brasileiro tem se pautado cada vez mais na racionalidade e na eficácia dos fluxos materiais, de modo que a moderna Logística surge como uma questão-chave para o desenvolvimento. Em uma macroeconomia em que a velocidade e as especificidades do produto têm vasta relevância, bem como a capacidade de conjugar o tempo, distribuir espaços de produção e abastecimento no quadro da cadeia de suprimentos (supply chains), percebe-se que a Logística evolui, tornando-se alicerce central na geração de vantagens competitivas.
Palavras-chave: Logística Urbana. Produção do Espaço. Geografia dos Transportes. Uberlândia.
URBAN LOGISTICS IN THE PRODUCTION OF SPACE
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, although the concept of production goes beyond materiality, the central category that supports it is the reproduction of the way of life, with work being a factor of extreme importance in the conduct of territorialization and deterritorilization practices, displacing the fixed, flows and their Spatial relations, while it escapes the reproduction of space and capital. The purpose of this paper is to understand the relationships between geographic space, territory and transport networks in the Logistics proposal, reaching the point of departure of Transport Geography characterized by analyzes of transport systems that contribute to the transformations In the cardinal axes: production, reproduction, structuring and restructuring. In this context, the performance of the Public Power and business in the Brazilian territory has been increasingly based on the rationality and effectiveness of material flows, so that modern Logistics emerges as a key issue for development. In a macroeconomy in which product speeds and specificities have great relevance, as well as the ability to combine time, distribute production and supply spaces within the supply chain, it is noticed that Logistics evolves, Becoming central to the generation of competitive advantages.
Key-words: Urban Logistics. Production of Space. Geography of Transportation. Uberlandia.
LA LOGÍSTICA URBANA EN LA PRODUCCIÓN DEL ESPACIO
RESUMEN
En la actualidad, aunque el concepto de producción extrapole la materialidad, la categoría central que lo ha fundamentado es la reproducción del modo de vida, siendo el trabajo un factor de extrema importancia en la conducción de las prácticas de territorialización y desterritorilización, desplazando los fijos, flujos y sus relaciones espaciales, mientras que le escapa la reproducción del espacio y del capital. De esta forma, este trabajo tiene por objetivo comprender las relaciones del espacio geográfico, del territorio y de las redes de transporte en la propuesta de la Logística, llegando al punto de partida de la Geografía de los Transportes caracterizado por análisis de los sistemas de transporte que redundan en la contribución a las transformaciones territoriales en sus ejes cardenales: la producción, reproducción, estructuración y reestructuración. En este contexto, la actuación del Poder Público y del empresariado en el territorio brasileño se ha guiado cada vez más en la racionalidad y la eficacia de los flujos materiales, de modo que la moderna Logística surge como una cuestión clave para el desarrollo. En una macroeconomía en la que la velocidad y las especificidades del producto tienen una gran relevancia, así como la capacidad de conjugar el tiempo, distribuir espacios de producción y abastecimiento en la cadena de suministros, se percibe que la Logística evoluciona, convirtiéndose en el fundamento central en la generación de ventajas competitivas.
Palabras clave: Logística Urbana. Producción del espacio. Geografía de los Transportes. Uberlandia.
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Luque-Carrillo, Patricia, Ignacio Morales-Cané, Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres, Roberto Manfredini, Mª Aurora Rodríguez Borrego, and Pablo Jesús López-Soto. "Women with high level of education, victims of the care of people with Alzheimer's." Enfermería Global 19, no. 2 (March 14, 2020): 390–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.392231.
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Objetivo: Conocer la relación existente entre la tarea de cuidar a pacientes con Enfermedad de Alzheimer, el Género de los cuidadores y su nivel de formación académica. Método: Estudio descriptivo, como sujetos de estudio 69 personas diagnosticadas de Enfermedad de Alzheimer y sus respectivos cuidadores familiares. En los cuidadores se analizó: la edad, el género, el nivel de estudios, carga, depresión, nivel de ansiedad, calidad de vida y soledad social. En los pacientes se valoró la edad, género, nivel de dependencia y estado neuropsicológico. La recogida de datos se realizó en 2016. Entre otros análisis se realizó análisis de regresión logística.Resultados: Se obtuvo que los cuidadores con estudios superiores sufrían mayor carga, siendo mujeres en su mayoría. Mujeres con más probabilidad de presentar soledad social, altos niveles de ansiedad y peor calidad de vida que los hombres. La carga puede ser debida al gran número de responsabilidades y a la imposibilidad de combinarlas con el papel de cuidador. Se puede concluir que las mujeres llegan a ser víctimas del cuidado de personas con Enfermedad de Alzheimer. The aim of this job is to know the existing relationship between the task of caring patients with Alzheimer's disease, caregivers' gender and their level of academic studies. Descriptive study, 69 persons diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and their respective familiar caregivers as subjects of the study. Age, gender, academic level, burden, depression, anxiety level, quality of life and social loneliness have been measured in caregivers. Age, gender, dependency level and neuropsychological state have been measured in patients. Data collection was done in 2016. Logistic regression analysis was performed. Caregivers with high levels of academic studies suffer more burden, being women in their majority. They are more likely to present social loneliness and higher levels of anxiety and a worse quality of life than men. The burden may be due to a greater number of responsibilities to respond to, and to the inability to combine it with the role of caregiver. We can conclude that women become victims of caring Alzheimer' patients.
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Marcelli, Enrico A., and Wayne A. Cornelius. "Immigrant Voting in Home-Country Elections: Potential Consequences of Extending the Franchise to Expatriate Mexicans Residing in the United States." Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 21, no. 2 (2005): 429–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.2005.21.2.429.
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Despite widespread interest in the effects of expanding expatriate Mexicans' ability to vote in the 2006 Mexican presidential election, no systematic estimates of potential participation currently exist. Applying logistic regression techniques to 2001 Los Angeles County Mexican Immigrant Residency Status Survey data and 2002 Current Population Survey data, we find that 125,000 to 360,000 (1.5–4.2 percent of ) expatriate Mexican migrants residing in the United States may vote in 2006. Migrants who are less well integrated in the United States, have a Mexican political party affiliation, or attend religious meetings more frequently are estimated to be more likely to vote. And although a minority of expatriates is likely to vote for the PAN candidate in 2006, the expatriate vote is not likely to exceed one percent of the total Mexican vote; state and local, rather than national, electoral outcomes are more likely to be influenced. Still, instituting an absentee ballot and facilitating cross-border mobility could significantly expand expatriate participation in future Mexican elections. Pese al gran interés en torno a los efectos que tendría la capacidad de los expatriados mexicanos para votar en la elección presidencial de 2006, no existen estimaciones sistemáticas de una participación potencial. Al aplicar técnicas de regresión logística a los datos que arroja el estudio del estatus de migratorio de los mexicanos en el Condado de los Ángeles, así como al Censo de Población, encontramos que entre 125,000 y 360,000 (1.5 a 4.2 por ciento) de los expatriados mexicanos que viven en Estados Unidos, podrían votar en 2006. Los migrantes que no se hallan del todo integrados en Estados Unidos, que tienen una filiación política, o bien, que asisten a congregaciones religiosas son más propensos a votar. Y, aunque resulta plausible que una minoría de expatriados vote por el candidato del PAN en 2006, el voto no excederá un punto porcentual del voto mexicano total; los resultados estatales y locales, más que nacionales, son los que se revelarán susceptibles de influencia. Aún así, la instauración de una boleta para votar a distancia, o bien, de facilidades para el cruce de la frontera podría extender la participación de los migrantes de forma significativa en las futuras elecciones mexicanas.
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Turney, Chris S. M. "Why didn't they ask Evans?: a response to Karen May." Polar Record 54, no. 2 (March 2018): 178–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247418000220.
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In ’Why didn't they ask Evans?’ (Turney, 2017), I draw together previously unpublished sources and new analyses of published material to cast further light on the circumstances that led to the fatal events surrounding the return of Captain Robert Falcon Scott's Polar Party on the British Antarctic Expedition (BAE, 1911–1913). Of particular importance are the notes on the meeting between the Royal Geographical Society's President Lord Curzon and the widows Kathleen Scott and Oriana Wilson in April 1913, which explicitly identify Lieutenant Edward ‘Teddy’ Evans as having removed food that exceeded his allocation as a member of the Last Supporting Party (Curzon, 1913), the establishment and almost immediate closure of a ‘Committee of Enquiry’ chaired by Lord Curzon (Beaumont, 1913a, b, c; Cherry-Garrard, 1913a; Darwin, 1913; Goldie, 1913), the recognition of missing food at key depots by the returning Polar Party on the 7, 24 and 27 February 1912 (Scott, 1913a; Wilson, 1912), Evans’ anger at not being selected as a member of the Polar Party and his early departure home (Evans, 1912), the revised timeline of when Evans fell down with scurvy on the Ross Ice Shelf to apparently align with when and where the food was removed (The Advertiser, 3 April 1912, Adelaide: 10) (Cherry-Garrard, 1922; Ellis, 1969; Evans, 1912, 1913a, 1943; Lashly, 1912; Scott, 1913a, 1913b), Evans’ failure to ensure Scott's orders regarding the return of the dog sledging teams had been acted on (Cherry-Garrard, 1922; Gran, 1961; Hattersley-Smith & McGhie, 1984) and the misunderstanding amongst senior Royal Geographical Society members during Evans’ recuperation in the UK that Apsley Cherry-Garrard ‘was to meet the South Pole party, with two teams of dogs, at the foot of the [Beardmore] glacier’ (Markham, 1913). I would like to thank May (2018) for her comment and acknowledge that Edward Wilson's sketchbooks of the expedition's logistics, scientific priorities, sketches and notes on the BAE comprise entries from 1911–1912 and not solely from 1912, which Turney (2017) used to denote the year of the last entry.
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Messina, María, and Esther Hochsztain. "Factores de éxito de un emprendimiento: Un estudio exploratorio con base en técnicas de data mining (Entrepreneurial success factors: An exploratory study based on Data Mining Techniques)." TEC Empresarial 9, no. 1 (April 24, 2015): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18845/te.v9i1.2206.
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<p>El Centro de Emprendedurismo CCEEmprende de- sarrolla, desde 2007, un programa de apoyo a emprende- dores. Para mejorar su gestión, resulta de gran importancia analizar, en forma preliminar, los emprendimientos en una de dos categorías: éxito o fracaso. En este artículo se identifican los principales factores asociados al éxito de un emprendimiento y cómo se vincu- lan para anticipar el futuro del emprendimiento. Se presenta un caso de estudio con base en los datos de una encuesta realizada a emprendedores participantes del programa, aplicando técnicas de clasificación. Las dos técnicas utilizadas de data mining son árbol de decisión y regresión logística, en ambas se obtuvieron resultados coincidentes. Los hallazgos muestran que los dos elementos más relevantes para anticipar el éxito de un emprendimiento son contar con financiamiento y que, anteriormente, la situa- ción laboral del emprendedor sea trabajador independiente. Estos primeros resultados obtenidos en el estudio de caso revelan información útil acerca de las mejores formas de apoyo al emprendedor, cómo generar incentivos al em- prendedor y la definición de herramientas o actividades que incidan favorablemente en el éxito de los emprendimientos. Si bien desde la teoría o para otras realidades existe infor- mación sobre los factores que colaboran en la determina- ción del éxito, para la realidad del Uruguay no se identifican estudios similares.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong> </p><p>Since 2007, the CCEE Entrepreneurship Centre has developed a supporting program for entrepreneurs. A preliminary analysis to determine if the venture was successful or a failure is made to improve the program’s management . In this article, the authors identify the main factors associated with entrepreneurship’s success, and how they can anticipate entrepreneurship’s performance. The case study is based on a survey data applied to the Entrepreneurship Program participants. The two data mining techniques are decision trees and logistic regression. The results were consistent across both tech- niques. The findings show that the two most important elements to predict entrepreneurship’s success are fun- ding and previous experience as self-employed. The results provided very useful insight about the best ways to support entrepreneurship, how to encoura- ge entrepreneurs, and define tools or activities to impact positively ventures success in Uruguay, since similar stu- dies have not been developed.</p>
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Watson, Mark Layton, Charlie Hurmiz, Jordan Smith, Suresh Marada, Aaron Galaznik, Sheila Diamond, Bryant Fields, and Ruthanna Davi. "Assessing the relationship in relapsed-refractory multiple myeloma between response, progression, and survival between pooled clinical trial subjects and a real-world electronic medical record data source." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e20525-e20525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e20525.
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e20525 Background: Despite new treatments, Relapsed-Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM) remains an incurable disease1. In a recent study by Moreau et al, there was a demonstrated survival benefit to treatment with pomalidomide in RRMM patients2. To better understand how the relationships between initial depth of response and long-term prognosis can inform clinical decision making and guide new compound development, we performed an analysis of standardized clinical trial patient pool data compared with Real-World Data (RWD), across multiple studies. Methods: Pooled clinical trial data was obtained from a Study Data Tabulation Model (SDTM) dataset (n=1,815) from the Medidata Enterprise Data Store. De-identified Oncology EMR data was sourced from the Guardian Research Network™ (GRN)5 of integrated delivery systems from 2010-2018, with robust clinical endpoint extraction and curation to enable outcomes comparisons (n=962). Subject selection was refined based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria from the NIMBUS trial2. Response, Progression-free survival (PFS), and Overall Survival (OS) were extracted. Patients were stratified by age, gender, and prior regimens. Log-rank tests were conducted to compare PFS and OS in patient sub-populations at 90, 180, and 240 days from most recent treatment start. Cox proportional hazard models assessed predictors of survival. Rates were estimated for common adverse events, including leukopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. Factors associated with neutropenia were assessed using logistic regression. Results: Within pooled trial and RWD patients, the majority were on regimens with proteasome inhibitors, followed by immunomodulators, and approximately one third on monoclonal antibodies. Within the pooled trial analysis, survival rates were consistent with published literature rates, at ~4 months and ~12 months, respectively. EMR data analysis showed overall longer times to progression with an increased depth of response, with similar associations. Frequency-Factored Time-to-Progression also decreased. Conclusions: The use of SDTM for pooled clinical trial analyses, together with real-world data, can overcome individual trial sample size limitations and biases. Together this approach can expand the range of populations, relative treatment comparisons, and clinical events that can be studied to more comprehensively understand the complexity of the oncology treatment landscape.
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Howard, Scott. "Tumor Lysis Syndrome Management in Community Oncology Settings." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 5875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-132266.
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Background Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) can complicate the management of patients with bulky chemosensitive cancers. TLS incidence and severity are increasing with new highly effective agents for hematologic cancers. However, prophylaxis and management vary widely, even within the same center. Methods We examined TLS management and outcomes from records of 14383 newly-diagnosed adults with lymphoma treated from 2010- 2019 at 110 member hospitals of the Guardian Research Network (GRN, www.GuardianResearch.org), a non-profit community oncology consortium with a database containing patients' entire medical, including all demographics, diagnoses, labs, medications, procedures, encounters, and notes of all kinds (clinical, radiology reports). Anonymized, de-identified data about demographics, diagnosis, treatment, supportive care, and outcomes was analyzed to determine patterns of TLS management in the community setting. Natural language processing was used to identify clinicians' references to tumor lysis syndrome, risk assessment, and cancer bulk. Results Of 529784 cancer patients in the Guardian Research Network database, there were 14383 newly-diagnosed adults with lymphoma, of whom 81% received no uric acid lowering therapy, 17% received allopurinol or febuxostat, and only 2% received Rasburicase. TLS management varied by region: 11% of patients in Virginia received uric acid lowering therapy vs 26% in South Carolina (p<0.001) and lymphoma subtype: 11% Hodgkin lymphoma, 26% B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, p<0.001). Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurred in 4.3% of patients and logistic regression confirmed NHL (versus Hodgkin), black race (versus white), and older age as risk factors (p<0.01 for each). 216 patients (1.5%) died within 30 days. Of special note, bone marrow infiltration in acute leukemia patients was not noted as a site of bulky disease, despite the fact that a marrow with 50% infiltration of leukemic cells typically contains 700 grams of cancer, and represents bulky disease that places the patient at significant risk for TLS if treated with highly active agents. Conclusions Early acute kidney injury is common in patients with B-cell lymphomas. Assessment of TLS risk and prophylaxis is warranted, especially when using new, highly effective chemotherapy agents in patients with bulky disease. Assessment of tumor bulk was rarely documented in the medical records. Table Disclosures Howard: BTG: Consultancy, Research Funding; EUSA Pharma: Consultancy; Sanofi: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Servier: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Honoraria.
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Mascarenhas, Carlos Alberto De Souza. "POLÍTICAS DE ESTADO NO ESPAÇO AGRÁRIO AMAZÔNICO: a construção da Ferrovia Açailândia (MA) – Barcarena (PA) no quilombo de África e Laranjituba em Moju (PA)." InterEspaço: Revista de Geografia e Interdisciplinaridade 4, no. 12 (March 22, 2018): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2446-6549.v4n12p186-206.
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STATE POLICIES IN AMAZON AGRICULTURAL SPACE: construction of the Açailândia (MA) – Barcarena (PA) railroad in the quilombo of Africa and Laranjituba in Moju (PA)POLÍTICAS DE ESTADO EN EL ESPACIO AGRARIO AMAZÓNICO: la construcción del Ferrocarril Acailândia (MA) – Barcarena (PA) en el quilombo de África y Laranjituba en Moju (PA)Focalizamos uma situação empírica, o quilombo de África e Laranjituba no município de Moju (PA), para expor tensões e resistências entre a política concebida no Programa de Investimento em Logística (PIL) e o vivido das comunidades do quilombo. Trata-se de um programa que anuncia, no plano da psicoesfera e da representação, a construção da Ferrovia Açailândia (MA) – Barcarena (PA) que, embora não tenha ganhado forma espacial, já tensiona o lugar. Pretendemos, com isso, refletir sobre a relação entre espaço e política, isto é, a respeito do projeto de logística de transporte, sob forte influência do Estado, e seus efeitos entre as comunidades rurais quilombolas ao lançar o discurso da integração espacial, do desenvolvimento e da inclusão social a partir da interligação de um território com grande potencial mineral. A metodologia analítica adotada considera a existência de uma situação geográfica onde paisagem, configuração territorial e a dinâmica social das populações rurais quilombolas estão interligadas à perspectiva de construção da ferrovia, produzindo dialeticamente estratégias territoriais de resistência. Concluímos que o PIL tem como pressuposto a Amazônia como espaço areal ou vazio, uma vez que, desconsidera a dinâmica do meio ecológico e o território usado pelos gêneros de vida das populações tradicionais e que os povos quilombolas amazônicos, em especial, os de África e Laranjituba, cientes dessa condição, têm encontrado formas criativas de resistir e recriar suas estratégias de produção territorial.Palavras-chave: Tensões Territoriais; Quilombos Amazônicos; Ferrovia; Políticas de Estado.ABSTRACTWe focus on an empirical situation, the quilombo of Africa and Laranjituba in the municipality of Moju (PA), to expose tensions and resistances between the policy conceived in the Program of Investment in Logistics (PIL) and the lived one of the communities of the quilombo. It is a program that announces the construction of the Açailândia (MA) - Barcarena (PA) railroad in the area of the psychosphere and representation, which, although it has not gained a spatial form, already stresses the place. We intend, therefore, to reflect on the relationship between space and politics, that is, about the transport logistic project, under strong influence of the State, and its effects among the quilombola rural communities when launching the discourse of spatial integration, development And social inclusion through the interconnection of a territory with great mineral potential. The analytical methodology adopted considers the existence of a geographical situation where landscape, territorial configuration and the social dynamics of quilombola rural populations are interconnected the perspective of construction of the railroad producing dialectically territorial strategies of resistance. We conclude that the PIL assumes the Amazon as an empty or empty space, since it disregards the dynamics of the ecological environment and the territory used by the traditional populations' livelihoods, and that the Amazonian quilombola peoples, especially those in Africa and Laranjituba, aware of this condition, has found creative ways to resist and recreate its territorial production strategies.Keywords: Territorial Tensions; Amazonian Quilombos; Railroad; State Policies.RESUMENEnfocamos una situación empírica, el quilombo de África y Laranjituba en el municipio de Moju (PA), para exponer tensiones y resistencias entre la política concebida en el Programa de Inversión en Logística (PIL) y el vivido de las comunidades del quilombo. Se trata de un programa que anuncia, en el plano de la psicoesfera y de la representación, la construcción del Ferrocarril Açailândia (MA) - Barcarena (PA) que, aunque no hay aganado forma espacial, ya tensiona el lugar. Pretendemos, con ello, reflexionar sobre la relación entre espacio y política, es decir, acerca del proyecto de logística de transporte, bajo fuerte influencia del Estado, y sus efectos entre las comunidades rurales quilombolas al lanzar el discurso de la integración espacial, del desarrollo y de la inclusión social a partir de la interconexión de un territorio con gran potencial mineral. La metodología analítica adoptada considera la existencia de una situación geográfica donde paisaje, configuración territorial y la dinámica social de las poblaciones rurales quilombolas están interconectadas con la perspectiva de construcción del ferrocarril produciendo dialécticamente estrategias territoriales de resistencia. Concluimos que el PIL tiene como presupuesto la Amazonia como espacio arenal o vacío, ya que, desconsidera la dinámica del medio ecológico y el territorio usado por los géneros de vida de las poblaciones tradicionales y que los pueblos quilombolas amazónicos, en especial los de África y Laranjituba, conscientes de esa condición, ha encontrado formas creativas de resistir y recrear sus estrategias de producción territorial.Palabras clave: Tensiones Territoriales; Quilombos Amazónicos; Ferrocarril; Políticas de Estado.
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Moreno, Juan, Santiago Merino, Rodrigo A. Vásquez, and Juan J. Armesto. "Breeding Biology of the Thorn-Tailed Rayadito (Furnariidae) in South-Temperate Rainforests of Chile." Condor 107, no. 1 (February 1, 2005): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.1.69.
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Abstract We conducted a study of the breeding biology of the Thorn-tailed Rayadito (Aphrastura spinicauda) in secondary forests on the continental island of Chiloé (42° S), southern Chile. Rayaditos are small insectivorous furnariids inhabiting the south-temperate forests of Chile and Argentina. We followed the reproduction of rayadito pairs breeding in nest-boxes. Rayaditos build their nests mainly of rhizomes and stems of epiphytic vines, grasses, and hairs during periods of at least a week, and show a marked population asynchrony in laying dates of more than two months (October–December). Rayaditos lay clutches of 3–6 eggs with a mode of 4 and laying occurs on alternate days. Eggs are 50% larger and hatchlings are 30% larger than expected from allometric equations. Most broods hatch synchronously. Nestling growth curves adjust well to logistic functions and at 2 weeks nestlings attain masses similar to asymptotic values. Nestling growth, which occurs over 3 weeks, is 27% slower than expected from allometry. Fledglings attain adult size with respect to tarsus length, but have less developed plumage and higher body mass than adults. Rayaditos exhibit clutch and brood reduction, suggesting possible food limitation. The protracted breeding periods may preclude second breeding attempts for most pairs in Chiloé. There is evidence for declines in parental quality with season. The low seasonal fecundity, large eggs, and prolonged dependence periods of a truly south-temperate species like the Thorn-tailed Rayadito reflect a ‘slow’ life history similar to that of tropical passerines. Biología Reproductiva de Aphrastura spinicauda (Furnariidae) en Bosques Lluviosos Templados Meridionales de Chile Resumen. Realizamos un estudio de la biología reproductiva del Rayadito Aphrastura spinicauda en bosques secundarios de la isla continental de Chiloé (42° S), sur de Chile. Este pequeño furnárido insectívoro habita los bosques templados meridionales de Chile y Argentina. Seguimos las actividades reproductivas de parejas de rayaditos que utilizaron cajas artificiales para nidificar. Los rayaditos construyen sus nidos utilizando rizomas, hierbas y pelo durante períodos de al menos una semana, y muestran una marcada asincronía a nivel de población de más de dos meses (octubre a diciembre) en el inicio de la puesta. Las puestas incluyen de 3 a 6 huevos, con un tamaño modal de 4 huevos, los cuales son puestos en días alternos. Los huevos son 50% más grandes y los polluelos recién eclosionados 30% más grandes de lo esperado según ecuaciones alométricas. La mayoría de las nidadas eclosionan sincrónicamente. Las curvas de crecimiento se ajustan bien a funciones logísticas y el peso alcanza valores asintóticos a las dos semanas. El crecimiento de los polluelos, que ocurre durante un período de permanencia en el nido de tres semanas, es un 27% más lento de lo esperado por alometría. Los volantones alcanzan el tamaño adulto con respecto a la longitud de tarso, pero presentan un plumaje menos desarrollado y un mayor peso que los adultos. Esta especie presenta casos de reducción de la puesta o de la nidada, lo que sugiere posibles limitaciones en la disponibilidad de alimentos. Los prolongados períodos de reproducción pueden impedir el inicio de segundas puestas en Chiloé. Hay evidencia de disminuciones estacionales en la calidad parental. La baja fecundidad anual, el gran tamaño de los huevos y el prolongado periodo de crecimiento del Rayadito refleja una historia de vida ‘lenta’ similar a la de paseriformes tropicales.
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Travitzki, Rodrigo. "Avaliação da qualidade do Enem 2009 e 2011 com técnicas psicométricas." Estudos em Avaliação Educacional 28, no. 67 (April 28, 2017): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.18222/eae.v28i67.3910.
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<p>Foi realizada uma meta-avaliação do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem) de 2009 e 2011, aplicando-se técnicas psicométricas em 2.025.268 provas. Algumas técnicas foram exemplificadas com a apresentação da análise do conteúdo de itens, mostrando sua utilidade aos educadores. Comparou-se indicadores relacionados à prova (coeficiente α e correlação interitem média), mas principalmente relativos aos itens (correlação item-total, coeficiente bisserial – CB –, discriminação e ajuste do modelo logístico de dois parâmetros). A prova de Matemática de 2009 apresentou confiabilidade insuficiente (α < 0,6). As provas de Linguagens e Códigos e Ciências Humanas apresentaram, nos dois anos, melhores indicadores de qualidade. Ao todo, foram encontrados 25% de itens com comportamento empírico fora do esperado em 2009, e 17% em 2011.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave</strong> Meta-avaliação; Psicometria; Avaliação em Larga Escala; Enem.</p><p> </p><p><em><strong>Evaluación de la calidad del Enem 2009 y 2011 con técnicas psicométricas</strong></em></p><p><em><strong>Resumen:</strong></em></p><p><em>Se llevó a cabo una metaevaluación del Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem) de 2009 y 2011 por medio de la aplicación de técnicas psicométricas en 2.025.268 pruebas. Algunas de estas técnicas se ejemplificaron con la presentación del análisis del contenido de ítems, lo que puso de manifiesto su utilidad a los educadores. Se compararon indicadores relacionados con la prueba (coeficiente α y correlación inter-ítem media), pero sobre todo los relativos a los ítems (correlación ítem-total, coeficiente biserial – CB –, discriminación y ajuste del modelo logístico de dos parámetros). La prueba de Matemáticas de 2009 presentó confiabilidad insuficiente (α < 0,6). Las pruebas de Lenguajes y Códigos y Ciencias Humanas presentaron, en los dos años de estudio, mejores indicadores de calidad. En total se encontró un 25% de ítems com comportamiento empírico fuera de lo esperado en 2009, y un 17% en 2011.</em></p><p><em><strong>Palabras clave:</strong> Metaevaluación; Psicometría; Evaluación en Gran Escala; Enem.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><em><strong>Evaluation of Enem (2009 and 2011)quality with psychometric techniques</strong></em></p><p><em><strong>Abstract:</strong></em></p><p><em>This study is a meta evaluation of the Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio [National Secondary Education Examination] (Enem) of 2009 and 2011, applying psychometric techniques to 2.025.268 tests. Some techniques were illustrated by analysis of item content, showing their usefulness to educators. We compared indicators related to the tests (α coefficient and average inter-item correlation), but mainly related to the items (item-whole correlation, biserial coefficient, discrimination and fit of two-parameter logistic model). The 2009 Mathematics test showed insufficient reliability (α <0.6). The Language and Human Sciences tests showed better quality indicators in both years. In total, we found 25% of items with anomalous empirical behavior in 2009 and 17% in 2011.</em></p><p><em><strong>Keywords</strong> Meta Evaluation; Psychometrics; Large-Scale Evaluation; ENEM.</em></p>
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Chant, Colin, Sasha Disko, Sasha Disko, Etienne Faugier, Helen Doe, Martin Schiefelbusch, Leslie Hannah, et al. "Book Reviews: The People's Car: A Global History of the Volkswagen Beetle, Changing Lanes: Visions and Histories of Urban Freeways, Drive: Journeys through Film, Cities and Landscapes, Goût de bouchons: Lyon, les villes françaises et l'équation automobile [A Feeling of Traffic Jam: Lyons, the French Cities and the Automobile Equation], Europe and the Mari-time World: A Twentieth-Century History, Fra Lyntog til InterCity. Historien om landsdelstrafikken i Danmark gennem 75 år [From Lyntog to InterCity. History of Inter-Regional Rail Transport in Denmark over 75 years, The Logistic Revolution: The Rise of Logistics in a Mass Consumption Society, Car Country: An Environmental History, London Underground: A Cultural Geography, Speedbird: the Complete History of BOAC, Una sfida al capitalism italiano; Giuseppe Luraghi [Challenging Italian Capitalism: Giuseppe Luraghi], Los ferrocarriles españoles (1854–1913): el gran negocio de los franceses [The Spanish Railways (1854–1913): the Big Business of French People], Routes, Roads and Landscapes." Journal of Transport History 35, no. 1 (June 2014): 124–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/tjth.35.1.9.
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Hetland, M. L., E. A. Haavardsholm, A. Rudin, D. Nordström, M. Nurmohamed, B. Gudbjornsson, J. Lampa, et al. "OP0018 A MULTICENTER RANDOMIZED STUDY IN EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS TO COMPARE ACTIVE CONVENTIONAL THERAPY VERSUS THREE BIOLOGICAL TREATMENTS: 24 WEEK EFFICACY RESULTS OF THE NORD-STAR TRIAL." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.689.
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Background:The optimal first-line treatment of patients (pts) with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is yet to be established.Objectives:The primary aim was to assess and compare the proportion of pts who achieved remission with active conventional therapy (ACT) and with three different biologic therapies after 24 wks. Secondary aims were to assess and compare other efficacy measures.Methods:The investigator-initiated NORD-STAR trial (NCT01491815) was conducted in the Nordic countries and Netherlands. In this multicenter, randomized, open-label, blinded-assessor study pts with treatment-naïve, early RA with DAS28>3.2, and positive RF or ACPA, or CRP >10mg/L were randomized 1:1:1:1. Methotrexate (25 mg/week after one month) was combined with: 1) (ACT): oral prednisolone (tapered quickly);or: sulphasalazine, hydroxychloroquine and mandatory intra-articular (IA) glucocorticoid (GC) injections in swollen joints <wk 20; 2) certolizumab 200 mg EOW SC (CZP); 3) abatacept 125 mg/wk SC (ABA); tocilizumab 162 mg/wk SC (TCZ). IA GC was allowed in all arms <wk 20. Primary outcome was clinical disease activity index remission (CDAI≤2.8) at wk 24. Secondary outcomes included CDAI remission over time and other remission criteria. Dichotomous outcomes were analyzed by adjusted logistic regression with non-responder imputation (NRI). Non-inferiority analyses had a pre-specified margin of 15%.Results:812 pts were randomized. Age was 54.3±14.7 yrs (mean±SD), 31.2% were male, DAS28 5.0±1.1, 74.9% were RF and 81.9% ACPA positive. Fig 1 shows the adjusted CDAI remission rates over time with 95% CI. Table shows crude remission and response rates and absolute differences in adjusted remission and response rates (superiority analysis). Differences in remission and response rates with CZP and TCZ, but not with ABA, remained within the pre-defined non-inferiority margin versus ACT, Fig 2.Figure 1.CDAI remission over time (adj. estimates with 95% CI)Figure 2.Non-inferiority analysis of protocol population. Estimated differences in CDAI remission rates between Arm 1 (active conventional therapy) and Arms 2, 3, and 4 (biologic arms) as reference with 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for gender, ACPA status, country, age, body-mass index and baseline DAS28-CRP. ABA, abatacept; CZP, certolizumab-pegol; MTX, methotrexate; TCZ, tocilizumab.Conclusion:High remission rates were found across all four treatment arms at 24 wks. Higher CDAI remission rate was observed for ABA versus ACT (+9%) and for CZP (+4%), but not for TCZ (-1%). With the predefined 15% margin, ACT was non-inferior to CZP and TCZ, but not to ABA. This underscores the efficacy of active conventional therapy based on MTX combined with glucocorticoids and may guide future treatment strategies for early RA.Table.Primary and key secondary outcomes at 24 weeks (ITT)Active conventional therapy (ACT)Certolizumab+MTXAbatacept+MTXTocilizumab+MTXNo of pts (ITT)200203204188§Crude remission and response ratesCDAI remission42.0%47.8%52.5%41.0%ACR/EULAR Boolean remission34.0%38.4%37.3%31.4%DAS28 remission63.5%68.5%69.6%63.3%SDAI remission41.5%49.8%51.5%42.6%EULAR good response71.5%76.9%79.9%71.3%Difference (95% CI) in rates with Arm 1 as reference (adjusted)CDAI remissionRef4% (-5 to 13%)9% (0.1 to 19%)-1% (-10 to 9%)ACR/EULAR Boolean remissionRef4% (-6 to 13%)5% (-5 to 14%)-4% (-13 to 6%)DAS28 remissionRef3% (-6 to 11%)5% (-4 to 13%)-1% (-10 to 8%)SDAI remissionRef6% (-3 to 18%)9% (-0.3 to 18%)1% (-8 to 11%)EULAR good responseRef4% (-4 to 14%)8% (-2 to 18%)0.4% (-10 to 11%)§17 patients allocated to Tocilizumab did not receive it due to its unavailability and were excluded from ITT.Acknowledgments:Manufacturers provided CZP and ABA.Disclosure of Interests:Merete L. Hetland Grant/research support from: BMS, MSD, AbbVie, Roche, Novartis, Biogen and Pfizer, Consultant of: Eli Lilly, Speakers bureau: Orion Pharma, Biogen, Pfizer, CellTrion, Merck and Samsung Bioepis, Espen A Haavardsholm Grant/research support from: AbbVie, UCB Pharma, Pfizer Inc, MSD Norway, Roche Norway, Consultant of: Pfizer, AbbVie, Janssen-Cilag, Gilead, UCB Pharma, Celgene, Lilly, Paid instructor for: UCB Pharma, Speakers bureau: Pfizer, AbbVie, UCB Pharma, Celgene, Lilly, Roche, MSD, Anna Rudin Consultant of: Astra/Zeneca, Dan Nordström Consultant of: Abbvie, Celgene, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and UCB., Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Celgene, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and UCB., Michael Nurmohamed Grant/research support from: Not related to this research, Consultant of: Not related to this research, Speakers bureau: Not related to this research, Björn Gudbjornsson Speakers bureau: Novartis and Amgen, Jon Lampa Speakers bureau: Pfizer, Janssen, Novartis, Kim Hørslev-Petersen: None declared, Till Uhlig Consultant of: Lilly, Pfizer, Speakers bureau: Grünenthal, Novartis, Gerdur Gröndal: None declared, Mikkel Ǿstergaard Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Merck, and Novartis, Consultant of: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Hospira, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Orion, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Hospira, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Orion, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB, Marte Heiberg: None declared, Jos Twisk: None declared, Simon Krabbe: None declared, Kristina Lend: None declared, Inge Olsen: None declared, Joakim Lindqvist: None declared, Anna-Karin H Ekwall Consultant of: AbbVie, Pfizer, Kathrine L. Grøn Grant/research support from: BMS, Meliha C Kapetanovic: None declared, Francesca Faustini: None declared, Riitta Tuompo: None declared, Tove Lorenzen: None declared, Giovanni Cagnotto: None declared, Eva Baecklund: None declared, Oliver Hendricks Grant/research support from: Pfizer, MSD, Daisy Vedder: None declared, Tuulikki Sokka-Isler: None declared, Tomas Husmark: None declared, Maud-Kristine A Ljosa: None declared, Eli Brodin: None declared, Torkell Ellingsen: None declared, Annika Soderbergh: None declared, Milad Rizk Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Åsa Reckner: None declared, Per Larsson: None declared, Line Uhrenholt Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Eli Lilly and Novartis (not related to the submitted work), Søren Andreas Just: None declared, David Stevens: None declared, Trine Bay Laurberg Consultant of: UCB Pharma (Advisory Board), Gunnstein Bakland Consultant of: Novartis, UCB, Ronald van Vollenhoven Grant/research support from: BMS, GSK, Lilly, UCB, Pfizer, Roche, Consultant of: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Biotest, Celgene, Gilead, Janssen, Pfizer, Servier, UCB, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB
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"Grüne Logistik für Stadt und Lager." Logistik für Unternehmen 33, no. 09 (2019): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/0930-7834-2019-09-26.
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Zuverlässige Lagerlogistik | Die Rederij Kees versorgt Gastronomiebetriebe im Herzen der Amsterdamer City mit Gütern. Als Transportmittel dienen neben einem elektrischen Lastkahn, Elektrotransporter und auch biogasbetriebene Lkw. Mit dem grünen Logistikkonzept will Kees dem Klimawandel und der CO2-Belastung der Innenstadt entgegenwirken. Auch bei der innerbetrieblichen Logistik liegt der Fokus auf der Farbe Grün. Ein Clark-Schubmaststapler SRX14 sowie ein Elektro-Handhubwagen WPio12 mit Lithium-Ionen-Batterie sorgen bei Kees für einen reibungslosen und sauberen Materialfluss.
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Münch, Magnus M., Carel F. W. Peeters, Aad W. Van Der Vaart, and Mark A. Van De Wiel. "Adaptive group-regularized logistic elastic net regression." Biostatistics, December 30, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biostatistics/kxz062.
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Summary In high-dimensional data settings, additional information on the features is often available. Examples of such external information in omics research are: (i) $p$-values from a previous study and (ii) omics annotation. The inclusion of this information in the analysis may enhance classification performance and feature selection but is not straightforward. We propose a group-regularized (logistic) elastic net regression method, where each penalty parameter corresponds to a group of features based on the external information. The method, termed gren, makes use of the Bayesian formulation of logistic elastic net regression to estimate both the model and penalty parameters in an approximate empirical–variational Bayes framework. Simulations and applications to three cancer genomics studies and one Alzheimer metabolomics study show that, if the partitioning of the features is informative, classification performance, and feature selection are indeed enhanced.
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Zanet, Stefania, Ezio Ferroglio, Filippo Orlandini, Bruno Bassano, Elena Battisti, and Alice Brambilla. "Bronchopulmonary Nematodes in Alpine Ibex: Shedding of First Stage Larvae Analyzed at the Individual Host Level." Frontiers in Veterinary Science 8 (April 29, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.663268.
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Pneumonia is the most frequent cause of death for Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) in Gran Paradiso National Park, (Italy). The etiology of this form of pneumonia is currently unknown and the identification of the primary etiological agent remains difficult due to biological and logistic constraints. Uncovering individual differences in Protostrongylid prevalence and intensity is important to further investigate the epidemiology of respiratory diseases and their relationship to heterozygosity and inbreeding in a once almost extinct population like C. ibex. In a group of 21 individually recognizable adult male we monitored monthly prevalence and intensity of Protostrongylid first-stage larvae using Baerman's technique from June to September 2019. First-stage larvae of 5 genera were detected. Muellerius (P = 100%, CI95% = 84–100) and Protostrongylus (P = 86%, CI95%:71–100) were two dominant genera according to Bush's importance index. Neostrongylus (P = 38%,CI95%: 17–59), Cystocaulus (P = 33%,CI95% = 13–53) were classified as co-dominant genera while Dictyocaulus filaria (P = 0.05%, CI95% = 0.04–0.13) was detected, for the first time in Alpine ibex, in one subject. Protostrongylidae larval excretion varied significantly over time, with minimum L1 excretion in July. Individual median larval intensity ranged from 4.4 lpg to 82.2 lpg with Poulin's discrepancy index showing highly aggregated distribution patterns for Muellerius spp. (D = 0.283, CI95% = 0.760–0.895) and Protostrongylus spp. (D = 0.635, CI95% = 0.580–0.705). Presented data provide the necessary base point to further investigate how lungworm infection account for the different rates of progression of pneumonia in C. ibex. Individual aggregation of larval intensity must be further evaluated to determine whether these differences mirror different levels of parasitic infection related to individual differences in immune response, hormonal-states or genetic fitness.
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López, J. Fabián. "A mixed integer programming model for a continuous move transportation problem with service constraints." Revista Innovaciones de Negocios 7, no. 13 (December 7, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.29105/rinn7.13-2.
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Key words: Genetic algorithms, logistics routing, metaheuristics, scheduling, time windowsAbstract. We consider a Pickup and Delivery Vehicle Routing Problem (PDP) commonly encountered in real-world logistics operations. The problem involves a set of practical complications that have received little attention in the vehicle routing literature. In this problem, there are multiple vehicle types available to cover a set of pickup and delivery requests, each of which has pickup time windows and delivery time windows. Transportation orders and vehicle types must satisfy a set of compatibility constraints that specify which orders cannot be covered by which vehicle types. In addition we include some dock servicecapacity constraints as is required on common real world operations. This problem requires to be attended on large scale instances (orders ≥ 500), (vehicles ≥ 150). As a generalization of the traveling salesman problem, clearly this problem is NP-hard. The exact algorithms are too slow for large scale instances. The PDP-TWDS is both a packing problem (assign order tovehicles), and a routing problem (find the best route for each vehicle). We propose to solve the problem in three stages. The first stage constructs initials solutions at aggregate level relaxing some constraints on the original problem. The other two stages imposes time windows and dock service constraints. Our results are favorable finding good quality solutions in relatively short computational times.Palabras claves. Algoritmos genéticos, logística de ruteo, metahurística, programación, ventana de horarioResumen. En la solución de problemas combinatorios, es importante evaluar el costobeneficio entre la obtención de soluciones de alta calidad en detrimento de los recursos computacionales requeridos. El problema planteado es para el ruteo de un vehículo con entrega y recolección de producto y con restricciones de ventana de horario. En la práctica, dicho problema requiere ser atendido con instancias de gran escala (nodos ≥100). Existe un fuerte porcentaje de ventanas de horario activas (≥90%) y con factores de amplitud ≥75%. El problema es NP-hard y por tal motivo la aplicación de un método de solución exacta para resolverlo en la práctica, está limitado por el tiempo requerido para la actividad de ruteo. Se propone un algoritmo genético especializado, el cual ofrece soluciones de buena calidad (% de optimalidad aceptables) y en tiempos de ejecución computacional que hacen útil su aplicación en la práctica de la logística. Para comprobar la eficacia de la propuesta algorítmica se desarrolla un diseño experimental el cual hará uso de las soluciones óptimas obtenidas mediante un algoritmo de ramificación y corte sin límite de tiempo. Los resultados son favorables.
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Córdova Guzmán, Jassel, and Aldo F. Ponce. "Los tipos de corrupción y la satisfacción con los servicios públicos. Evidencia del caso mexicano." región y sociedad 29, no. 70 (July 14, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.22198/rys.2017.70.a344.
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En este artículo se analizan los efectos de cómo se percibe la corrupción sobre la satisfacción con los servicios públicos que brindan los gobiernos mexicanos locales, como protección policial, alumbrado público, agua potable, cuidado de parques y jardines y recolección de basura. Para ello se usan modelos ordinales logísticos aplicados a los datos de la Encuesta nacional de calidad e impacto gubernamental de 2013. El análisis demuestra que para evaluar la satisfacción con los servicios, los ciudadanos emplean sus percepciones sobre la corrupción en los gobiernos y sus experiencias con funcionarios o trabajadores públicos. Como este estudio sólo emplea datos de encuesta de 2013, no es posible tener en cuenta la eficiencia dinámica que, por definición, requiere una evaluación del consumo futuro de los bienes y servicios. Se encuentra que los cambios en la percepción de la gran corrupción pueden explicar con más éxito las variaciones en la satisfacción con los servicios públicos que los cambios en la percepción de la pequeña corrupción. Estos resultados muestran los costos no pecuniarios creados por la corrupción, que pueden debilitar la satisfacción con los gobiernos locales, los partidos políticos y hasta con la democracia.Types of corruption and satisfaction with public services. Mexican case evidenceThis article analyzes the effects of how corruption concerning satisfaction with the public services offered by local Mexican governments, such as police protection, public lighting, drinking water, care of parks and gardens and garbage collection, is perceived. For this purpose, logistic ordinal models applied to data from the 2013 National Government Quality and Impact Survey are used. The analysis shows that in order to evaluate satisfaction with services, citizens use their perceptions of government corruption as well as their experiences with public officials and workers. Since this study only uses data from the 2013 survey, it is not possible to take into account the dynamic efficiency that, by definition, is required to make an evaluation of future consumption of goods and services. It was found that changes in perception of grand corruption can more successfully account for variations in satisfaction with public services than changes in perception of petty corruption. These results show non-pecuniary costs generated by corruption, which can undermine satisfaction with local governments, political parties and even with democracy.
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López, Fabian. "Análisis comparativo de una metaheurística en base a algoritmo genético vs un método de ramificación y corte para un caso de entrega y recolección con restricciones de ventana de horario." Revista Innovaciones de Negocios 1, no. 2 (December 7, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.29105/rinn1.2-4.
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Palabras claves: Algoritmos genéticos, logística de ruteo, metaheuristicas, secuenciaciónResumen. En la solución de problemas combinatorios, es importante evaluar el costo-beneficio entre la obtención de soluciones de alta calidad en detrimento de los recursos computacionales requeridos. El problema planteado es para el ruteo de un vehículo con entrega y recolección de producto y con restricciones de ventana de horario. En la práctica, dicho problema requiere ser atendido con instancias de gran escala (nodos ≥100). Existe un fuerte porcentaje de ventanas de horario activas (≥90%) y con factores de amplitud ≥75%. El problema es NP-hard y por tal motivo la aplicación de un método de solución exacta para resolverlo en la práctica, está limitado por el tiempo requerido para la actividad de ruteo. Se propone un algoritmo genético especializado, el cual ofrece soluciones de buena calidad (% de optimalidad aceptables) y en tiempos de ejecución computacional que hacen útil su aplicación en la práctica de la logística. Para comprobar la eficacia de la propuesta algorítmica se desarrolla un diseño experimental el cual hará uso de las soluciones óptimas obtenidas mediante un algoritmo de ramificación y corte sin límite de tiempo. Los resultados son favorables.Key words: Genetic algorithms, routing logistics, metaheuristics, schedulingAbstract. In an attempt to sovle the combinatorics problems, it is important to evaluate the costbenefit ratio between obtaining solutions of high quality and the loss of the computational resources required. The problem presented is for the routing of a vehicle with pickup and delivery of products with time window constraints. This problem requires instances of great scale (nodes≥100). A strong active time window percentage exists (≥90%) with factors of amplitude ≥75%. The problem is NP-hard and hence, the application of an exact method of solution, is limited by the time frame required for routing activity. A specialized genetic algorithm is proposed, which offers solutions of high precision and in computational times that makes its practical application useful. An experimental design is developed with good results that makes use of optimum solutions obtained by means of branch and cut algorithm without time limit.
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Barone, Giovanni, Annamaria Buonomano, Cesare Forzano, Giovanni Francesco Giuzio, and Adolfo Palombo. "Supporting the Sustainable Energy Transition in the Canary Islands: Simulation and Optimization of Multiple Energy System Layouts and Economic Scenarios." Frontiers in Sustainable Cities 3 (May 28, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2021.685525.
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The Canary Islands have great potential for the implementation of sustainable energy systems due to its availability of natural resources. The archipelago is not connected to the mainland electricity grid and the current generation system is mainly based on traditional fossil fuel. Therefore, the islands strongly dependent on fuel importations, with high costs due to logistics. Furthermore, due to the inadequate coverage of residential heating and cooling needs, the per capita energy consumption is far below the Spanish national average. This occurrence has inspired an intense debate on the current development model of the Canary Archipelago, which has led to the implementation of actions and measures aimed at achieving greater energy sustainability in the archipelago. Furthermore, at a local scale, an important investment plan has been carried out by the Spanish grid operator to ensure energy supply, to improve the system security and reliability, and to optimize the integration of renewable energies. Future measures and investments will be crucial to ensure a sustainable growth, both from the economic and the environment point of views. In this framework, this paper aims to discuss and compare the energy solutions, based on renewable energy technologies, identified to boost the sustainable transition of the islands. To this aim, multiple configurations of a wind power plant coupled with reversible hydro power/storage system for the distributed and on-site energy production in the island of Gran Canaria were modeled, simulated, and optimized by a TRNSYS/Matlab algorithm suitably developed. Specifically, along with the proposed system layouts, different scenarios related to diverse annual costs growth rate of fuel were investigated. The proposed analysis covers a time horizon of 20 years, up to 2040, and aims at assessing the impact of the investigated solution on energy demand, energy supply, and population incomes. Depending on the considered fuel cost growth rate, the best system configurations allow a primary energy saving in the range of 58.1–68.1%. Based on the system choice, the enterprise will generate significant revenues to the island population. The net present values are estimated in the range 1.50 × 103 ÷ 1.84 × 103 and 0.85 × 103 ÷ 1.27 × 103 M€, respectively for the two considered scenarios (annual costs growth rate of fuel 2 and −2%). The analysis demonstrates the importance of investments targeted at the implementation of renewables. The proposed scenarios indicate that the current energy model has the potential to radical change and to tackle climate change and energy issues while producing substantial economic savings and better life conditions for the population in the next years.