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Journal articles on the topic 'Gross agricultural value'
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1
Zsarnóczai, J. Sándor, and Zoltán Zéman. "Output value and productivity of agricultural industry in Central-East Europe." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 65, No. 4 (April 24, 2019): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/128/2018-agricecon.
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The study analyses the correlations among different economies of selected EU-12 member states based on comparison of agricultural economics variances, namely the output value of the agricultural industry, productivity of input, agricultural gross value added, subsidies on production, agricultural labour input and agricultural income per annual working unit in the period of 2010–2016, based on the Special Program for Social Sciences, as statistical methods. The EU-12 achieved a higher increase in productivity of input, output value of agricultural industry, agricultural gross valued added, as well as agricultural income per agricultural annual working unit compared to the average results of EU-28 for 2010–2016. The output value of agricultural industry and agricultural gross value added per intermediate consumption decreased by 1.35% and by 3.3%, but the factor income – net value added at factor cost – per annual working unit increased by 21%, because of the subsidies on production increased by 3.4% for 2010–2016. In EU-28, the factor income per annual working unit increased, but most of this income was for developing agricultural production technology.
2
Varchenko, O. O. "The current state and trends in the formation of intersectoral relations in the agri-food complex of Ukraine." Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, no. 2(159) (November 24, 2020): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2020-159-2-41-54.
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The article considers the peculiarities of the formation of intersectoral relations in the agro-food complex of the country, taking into account their impact on the creation of value added by type of economic activity. The need to ensure the principle of equivalent intersectoral exchange and components that contribute to the increase of value added has been proved. It is established that during 2010-2018 the value of gross agricultural output in the prices of the reporting year increased 4.6 times, but in comparative prices in 2016 there was an increase of only 1.41 times, which is evidence of the impact of inflation. It is determined that the share of the processing industry in 2010-2018 in the structure of gross domestic product decreased by 5.8%, which is an unfavorable factor in terms of opportunities for value added. There was an increase in the share of agri-food exports in the structure of total exports compared to 2018 by 5 percentage points, the largest increase in supplies of crop products, which occurred due to the imbalance of relations between producers and processors of agricultural products. It is estimated that during 2010-2018 in agricultural enterprises gross value added increased 6 times, in households - 3.4 times. It is substantiated that there is an increase in the volume of unearned gross value added of business entities in the field of agriculture during the study period from the violation of the equivalence of intersectoral relations, which exacerbates the crisis in the industry. It is established that in basic prices the volumes of production of gross value added of the food industry increased for the period of 2000-2018 almost in 1,7 times, and with use of a deflator only by 50%. The growth of the share of GVA in trade in the overall structure of gross value added is proved, which indicates the strengthening of its role in the formation of value added of agri-food. The calculation of the change in the value of airborne forces using the deflator proves a slight increase, which suggests the effect of inflation on the value of the indicator. It is generalized that unfavorable conditions for the formation of gross value added due to inequality of exchange with the food industry and trade have been created for agriculture, which requires the introduction of the process of regulating the formation of gross value added of the agricultural sector. Keywords: intersectoral relations, agri-food chain, value added, agriculture, food industry, trade.
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Perwitasari, Hani, Irham Irham, and Jamhari Jamhari. "Analisis Input Output Sektor Pertanian di Indonesia." Agro Ekonomi 24, no. 1 (June 30, 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jae.28112.
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The purpose of this research are (1) to identify changes in the structure of Indonesia’s economi, (2) to identifty backward linkage and forward linkage between agriculture sector eith other sctors in economic structure of Indonesia, (3) to know the multiplier effect of output, income, employment and grows value added of agriculture sector. The research analyzed Input-Output data, the domestic transaction based on producer price, that in classified 66 sectors published by the Cnetral Statistics Agency (BPS) uidng Input-Output Analysis.These result indicate that ini 1975 until 2008 the structure of Indonesia’s economy has changed towards industrialization. Backward linkage and forward linkage between the agriculture sectora are under the average backward linkage and the forward linkage of economy all sector in Indonesia. Multiplier effect to output, income, employment in the agricultural sector are the average of output multiplier effect income, employment sectors of the economy throughout Indonesia but the gross value added in above-average gross value added multiplier effects throught the economy of Indonesia.
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János, Jóvér, Antal Károly, Zsembeli József, Blaskó Lajos, and Tamás János. "Assessment of gross calorific value of crop and bio-energy residues." Research in Agricultural Engineering 64, No. 3 (October 1, 2018): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/13/2017-rae.
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This study assessed the gross calorific values (GCV) of crop and bio-energy residues. In addition, it assessed the calorific values of sweet sorghum to clarify its potential as energy crop in the region. Furthermore, it statistically analysed the ash remaining after burning three bio-energy residues, bagasse, oil cakes and fermented sludge of biogas production, to identify their potential for agricultural use. Finally, the study calculated alkali content based on nutrient content and GCVs. Significant differences were found among the GCVs of the investigated materials. Among the crop residues, the least significant difference (LSD) (P ≤ 0.05) of the calorimetric values was 76.26 kJ/kg, and among the by-products of bio-energy production, it was 20.80 kJ/kg. Significant differences were also found in nutrient content. In the case of the alkali content of bio-energy residues, the LSD was 0.04 kJ·kg<sup>–1</sup>. For the bagasse and compost, the study recommends some technical operations to avoid slagging.
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Romantseva, Julia Nikolaevna, Elena Viktorovna Khudyakova, Vasilij Vladimirovich Butyrin, and Dinara Farhatovna Galyautdinova. "Analysis of income of agricultural producers during the implementation of state programs for the development of agriculture." Buhuchet v sel'skom hozjajstve (Accounting in Agriculture), no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-11-2102-06.
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The aim of the research is to study the dynamics of the size, structure and features of the formation of incomes of agricultural producers during the implementation of state programs for the development of agriculture. Based on the analysis of the main periods of income generation, from 2006, it was concluded that economic sanctions contributed to the strengthening of the industry’s position and the stable growth of gross value added for economic activity “Agriculture, forestry, hunting, fishing and fish farming”. As a result of studying the formation of gross value added, a significant decrease in the efficiency of material costs in the agricultural sector was noted due to the persisting price disparity. The analysis of the composition and structure of gross value added made it possible to identify positive trends in wages and confirm the process of enlarging production in the agricultural sector. A study of the main commodity producers — agricultural organizations and peasant (farmer) households — showed that with a greater level of state support for the large-scale sector, the profitability of farmers is higher. In general, the development of the industry has a high rate, which gives rise to favorable forecasts for the achievement of key indicators of the State Program for the Development of Agriculture and the regulation of markets for agricultural products, raw materials and food.
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Kusz, Dariusz. "LABOR EFFICIENCY AND CHANGES IN SELECTED RELATIONS OF PRODUCTION FACTORS IN AGRICULTURE IN POLAND." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXII, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7872.
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The purpose of the work was the evaluation of changes in the effectiveness of the use of labor in agriculture against a background of changes in the relation of production factors. The analysis is presented on a regional basis. The empirical material consisted of CSO statistical data from 2000-2016. The following diagnostic variables were used for analysis: (1) the value of gross agricultural output per one employed in agriculture, (2) technical work equipment – the gross value of fixed assets in agriculture per one employed in agriculture, (3) the number of people working in agriculture per 100 hectares of agricultural land (AL), (4) technical equipment of agricultural land – the gross value of fixed assets in agriculture per 1 hectare of AL. Based on a set of diagnostic features describing individual voivodships in Poland, their classification was performed using the cluster analysis of the Ward method. A decrease in the technical equipment of labor was recorded, and an increase in the technical equipment of agricultural land and the number of people working in agriculture per 100 hectares of AL. At the same time, these changes varied in individual groups of voivodships. Analysis of regional differentiation demonstrates that, in voivodships with much more favorable relations of production, labour efficiency was higher. In addition, in these voivodships, the average annual rate of changes in labor efficiency was also at a higher level. This may result in a growing disparity in the level of farming efficiency.
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Luo, Fang, Hong Li Bao, Zhen Tang Ke, and Qing Wang. "Identification Studying on the Low-Carbon Agriculture Development Status Quo of Huanggang City, Hubei Province." Advanced Materials Research 869-870 (December 2013): 950–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.869-870.950.
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To realize the goal of reducing carbon emission per unit of GDP by 40-45 percent by 2020 from 2005 levels in China, as a big agriculture city in a big agriculture province, Hubei Province, Huanggang city developing low-carbon agriculture is extremely urgent. According to the data in 1995-2011, the gross agricultural output value is regressed on “high-carbon” and “low-carbon” variables, and then based on the variables’ significance, low-carbon agriculture development status quo of Huanggang city is discriminating. It turned out that all variables have significant effects on the gross agricultural output value, and combining with calculated contributing ratio of each factor, the conclusion of agriculture of Huanggang city running on a high-carbon path is drawn. Hence, the policy proposals of returning agriculture development mode of low-carbon and sustainable is put forward lastly.
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Kusz, Dariusz, Stanisław Zając, and Ryszard Dziekan. "REGIONAL DIVERSIFICATION OF INVESTMENT OUTLAYS AND LABOUR PROFITABILITY IN AGRICULTURE IN POLAND." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXII, no. 4 (December 7, 2020): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.5686.
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The main purpose of the study was to assess changes in labour profitability against changes in the level of investment outlays in Poland in a regional approach. Empirical material consists of statistical data from the Central Statistical Office for the years 2000-2017. The following diagnostic variables were used for the analysis: (1) characterizing the profitability of the labour factor – gross value added in agriculture per one agricultural employee; (2) characterizing the investment activity of farmers – the value of investment outlays in agriculture per one employee in agriculture, the value of investment outlays in agriculture per 1 ha of agricultural land, the value of investment outlays in agriculture in relation to the value of gross fixed assets in agriculture, the value of investment outlays in agriculture in relation to gross value added in agriculture. On the basis of a set of diagnostic features describing the investment activity of farmers, a classification of voivodships was carried out using cluster analysis using Ward’s method, and a statistical evaluation of the relationship between the investment activity of farmers and the profitability of labour was performed. There has been a significant diversification of farmers’ investment activity and labour profitability in terms of regions. It was found that the level of investment outlays is a crucial factor in the process of improving the efficiency of the use of the labour factor. A level of investments that is loo low does not allow for favourable structural changes and for modernization and restructuring of agriculture to take place.
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Matsybora, Tetiana. "Investment potential of the agrarian sector of economy of Ukraine: formation and development." Ekonomika APK 308, no. 6 (June 28, 2020): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202006049.
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The purpose of the article is to assess the investment potential of the national agricultural sector of the economy and the potential of its development (potential volumes of gross value added, taking into account the real level of investment efficiency) in the conditions of revitalization of investment activity of agricultural enterprises through expansion of their credit and investment potential. Research methods. Methods: dialectical method of scientific cognition, analysis and synthesis, systemic generalization (generalization of definition approaches to the definition of the investment potential of agricultural enterprises and the formation of conclusions), methods of abstraction, comparison and imaginary experiment (in assessing the investment potential of capital investments and potential gross value added in agriculture, forestry and fisheries, taking into account the actual level of investment efficiency). Research results. The approaches to determining the essence of the category «investment potential» are substantiated and the investment potential of the national agricultural sector of the economy is assessed. The potential volumes of gross value added of products in agriculture, forestry and fisheries into account the actual level of investment efficiency in the conditions of credit and investment potential expansion are calculated. Scientific novelty. Based on the generalization of approaches to determining the investment potential of agricultural enterprises, the principles of formation and development of investment potential of the agricultural sector of the economy by expanding the credit component are substantiated. Practical significance. Conclusions, suggestions and practical recommendations can be used in the formation of investment programs and projects in agriculture and the development of state programs for the development of the agricultural sector of the economy of Ukraine. Tabl.: 1. Figs.: 5. Refs.: 14.
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Arotaa, Aditya Novandy, Benu L. S. Olfie, and Theodora M. Katiandagho. "HUBUNGAN ANTARA LUAS LAHAN PERTANIAN DENGAN PRODUK DOMESTIK REGIONAL BRUTO SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI KOTA TOMOHON." AGRI-SOSIOEKONOMI 12, no. 1 (February 8, 2016): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35791/agrsosek.12.1.2016.11185.
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Tomohon development as an autonomous region led to the need for non-agricultural land is increasing from time to time. This condition causes the competition has taken place in land use. Feared an increased need for non-agricultural land will lead to land conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural. The transfer of land use will have an impact on agricultural production that will affect the agricultural sector GDP. This study aims to determine the relationship between the area of agricultural land with a regional gross domestic product of agriculture in Tomohon. This study was conducted over four months starting in February 2015 to May 2015 in Tomohon. The data are used, in this study, is a secondary data obtained from the Office of National Statistics Agency (BPS) and the Department of Agriculture in To-mohon. Data presented tabularize and and analyzed using correlation analysis. The results showed that, in the last three years, agricultural land area in Tomohon shrinkage due to the need for non-agricultural land, especially residential construction increased. It is given Tomohon is a city that is building. Reduction of agricultural land in 2012 amounted to 1.77 percent by the year 2014 decreased by 0, 01 percent. Instead rate of growth of gross regional domestic product of the year 2012 increased by 6.54 percent to 6.92 percent in 2014. The study concluded that the impact of agricultural land being against the gross regional domestic product, caused by another factor, namely the constant price factors that influence regional gross do-mestic product of Tomohon. Thereforet, when the land area or size increased in 2005-2011 and decreased in the year 2012 - 2014 however regional gross domestic product still increased. The relationship between land area with a regional gross domestic product is being categorized correlated with the value of the correlation is 0.62.*er*
11
Wan, Junyi, and Lijun Zeng. "Is there Spillover Effect in Agricultural Industrialization Management?" International Journal of Business and Management 13, no. 1 (December 18, 2017): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v13n1p143.
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China agriculture industrialization management (AIM) has made remarkable achievements in increasing cooperative farmers’ income, but its impact on non-cooperative farmers excluded from the industrial management system has not caused due concern. The empirical results based on provincial level suggest the number of hierarchical agricultural management entities (HAME) have a limited influence on regional per capita gross output value of agriculture, that the driving ability of the key agricultural leading enterprises above provincial level has a significant positive impact on per capita gross output value of agriculture, that there is no statistical correlation between the indicators of driving ability and per capita household operating income of farmers. As a whole, the development level of HAME have no significant positive effect on the performance of AIM, the spillover effect of AIM is very limited. Owing to the existence of crowding out effect, AIM accelerates the differentiation between farmers within industrial management system and farmers outside the system, government need to provide more support policies for farmers outside AIM system.
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Aydın, Başak, Duygu Aktürk, Erol Özkan, Harun Hurma, and Mehmet Ali Kiracı. "Armut Üretiminde Karşılaştırmalı Enerji Kullanım Etkinliği ve Ekonomik Analiz: Trakya Bölgesi Örneği." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 5, no. 9 (September 12, 2017): 1072. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i9.1072-1079.1288.
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This study includes the agricultural enterprises producing pear which apply and do not apply good agricultural practices in Thrace Region. The basic purpose of this study is the determination of input use amounts and energy use efficiency and economical comparison of the enterprises applying and not applying good agricultural practices. In Kırklareli, Edirne and Tekirdağ, 16 pear producers which carry through good agricultural practices participated in the survey. According to the results, total energy input, energy output, energy output/input ratio, energy productivity, specific energy, energy density and net energy were determined to be respectively as 30.046.64 MJ, 36.000 MJ, 1.20, 0.50 kg/MJ, 2.00 MJ/kg, 1.80 MJ/TL and 5.953.36 MJ in the enterprises applying good agricultural practices. Total energy input, energy output, energy output/input ratio, energy productivity, specific energy, energy density and net energy were determined to be respectively as 32.111.92 MJ, 33.600 MJ, 1.05, 0.44 kg/MJ, 2.29 MJ/kg, 2.05 MJ/TL and 1.488.08 MJ in the enterprises not applying good agricultural practices. In Thrace Region the cost of producing; one kg of pear was calculated 1.11 TL in the enterprises which applied good agriculture while it was calculated 1.12 TL at the enterprises which did not apply the good agriculture. Total expenses, gross output value, gross profit, net profit and relative profit were determined to be respectively as 16.682.80 TL, 24.250 TL, 14.938.10 TL, 7.567.20 TL and 1.45 in the enterprises applying good agricultural practices. Total expenses, gross output value, gross profit, net profit and relative profit were determined to be respectively as 15.652 TL, 21.000 TL, 11.511.80 TL, 5.348 TL and 1.34 in the enterprises not applying good agricultural practices. According to energy use efficiency and economic analysis results, pear farming was determined to be more advantageous in the enterprises applying good agricultural practices.
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Guellil, Mohammed Seghir. "Agriculture gross production value – arable land – active population in agricultural sector and energy consumption causality in 76 countries: A dynamic panel data approach." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 10 (January 15, 2018): 406–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v4i10.3111.
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The overall goal of this paper is to investigate the long run and casual relationship between agriculture gross production value (AGPV), arable land (AL), total economically active population in agricultural sector (APA) and total primary energy consumption in the agricultural sector given the historical trend of these variables. For a panel of 76 countries during the period 1991–2012, the paper’s three main findings are that: (i) Neutrality hypothesis is adopted because there is no causality between AL and AGPV.; (ii) APA-led AGPV; (iii) Feedback hypothesis indicates that there are four cases of bidirectional causality between the rest of the variables. Adaptation measures are recommended for both authorities and farmers to ensure food security, such as providing incentives for farmers to adopt more recent technologies, which consumes less energy, land reclamation, steer more employees towards the agricultural sector. Keywords: Agriculture gross production value, arable land, active population, energy consumption, panel co-integration, panel Granger causality.
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Field, Robert Michael. "Trends in the Value of Agricultural Output, 1978–86." China Quarterly 116 (December 1988): 556–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000037899.
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The gross value of agricultural output in the People's Republic of China increased as much in the eight years from 1978 to 1986 as it did in the 21 years from 1957 to 1978. In per capita terms, the average annual rate of growth rose from 0·4 per cent to 4·8 per cent, the most rapid growth for any comparable period since 1949. How was this dramatic turnaround achieved?
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Zwolak, J. "The impact of fixed assets on Polish agricultural production." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 54, No. 1 (January 29, 2008): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2722-agricecon.
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The power function was used to show the dependence of gross, final and sold output on the gross value of total fixed assets and on the ratios of this value to the productivity of these three production categories. Further elaboration included the characteristics of variable features. The system of independent variables employed in the study allowed for the estimation of both extensive and intensive utilisation of fixed assets in Polish agriculture from 2002–2005. The study showed the diminishing impact of the productivity of fixed assets and the decreasing productive efficiency of Polish agriculture from 2002–2005. This situation was caused by the relative stability in the generic structure of fixed assets and by a slow average annual rate of increase in new fixed assets (8.74%).
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Mathias Agri, Eneji, Agri Angela Iyaji, Felix Nanwul Diyemang, and Offorma Jecinta Chioma. "Impact of Government Expenditure on Agricultural Value Chain in Nigeria." Sumerianz Journal of Business Management and Marketing, no. 312 (December 9, 2020): 192–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.47752/sjbmm.312.192.204.
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This research examined the impact of government expenditure on agricultural value chain in Nigeria. It uses annual time series data for the period 1998-2018. Statistical Techniques, survey, simple percentages and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) methods were adopted. The OLS result using Multiple Regression analysis revealed an insignificant positive relationship between government expenditure and Agricultural value chain, proxy by Aggregate importation of rice (AMR). Imports had a negative sign; it is a leakage on the economy. It however, showed that agricultural gross domestic product (ADP) has a positive relationship with government expenditure, at 5 percent level. The pair-wise Granger causality tests showed that government expenditure on agriculture (GEA) granger causes aggregate importation of rice (AMR), this was indicated by their respective F-statistics and probability values which stood at 0.39420(0.6815).. In conclusion, government expenditure, with supportive policies, would have huge impact on agricultural value chain in Nigeria. The agricultural sector is the engine of economic recovery, growth and development, therefore an improvement in government spending to the sector is recommended. This study contributes to the downstream linkages in the agricultural sector.
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PETREA, Ștefan-Mihai, Dragos Sebastian Cristea, Maria Magdalena Turek Rahoveanu, Cristina Gabriela Zamfir, Adrian Turek Rahoveanu, Gheorghe Adrian Zugravu, and Dumitru Nancu. "Perspectives of the Moldavian Agricultural Sector by Using a Custom-Developed Analytical Framework." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 8, 2020): 4671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114671.
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Moldova possesses the largest area of farmland as a share of its total land surface, an advantage which should encourage economic development strategies oriented towards the agriculture sector. Government subsidies and agriculture loans have been used as tools for developing the Moldavian agriculture. However, considering the challenges generated by both climate change (the drought from year 2012 that affected 80% of farmland) and a difficult political situation (restrictions imposed by the Russian Federation on the Republic of Moldova’s agri-food imports and exports between 2013 and 2014), the country’s agricultural system ranks very low when it comes to agricultural production efficiency. The present paper analyses the performances of the agricultural sector and its impact on the Moldavian economy over a nine-year period (between 2008 and 2016), by using a custom-developed analytical framework based on a dataset containing 21 relevant indicators. The analytical framework generates various perspectives that can be used to elaborate an economic sustainable development strategy of the Moldavian agriculture sector. The development of the analytical framework is based on the dynamics of agriculture subsidies, agricultural loans, the agricultural sector’s gross domestic product (GDP) and gross value added (GVA), as well as the dynamics of agricultural production and production value, also considering the main crops belonging to the Moldavian agriculture sector. The results are presented as sets of mathematical regression models that quantify the relationships found between the relevant agricultural parameters and their impact on the economics of the agricultural sector. It has been identified that the agriculture sector has a considerable impact on the Moldavian economy, a fact revealed by the significant model between the agriculture GVA and total GVA and GDP. A significant, negative correlation model was identified between agriculture subsidies and agriculture loans, although a small percentage of Moldavian agriculture farms were subsidized. Strong correlation models were also identified between wheat and maize production and total agriculture production, emphasizing the importance of these two crops for the Moldavian agricultural economy. Grape and maize production values also generated a correlation model, emphasizing the market interconnection between these crops It can be concluded that the increase in value of governmental agriculture subsidies, as well as expanding their addressability in order to maximize the access possibility for a higher number of agriculture farms, are essential for the Moldavian agriculture sector’s future development, since considering the limiting value of and accessibility to subsidies, a direct correlation model was identified between governmental agriculture subsidies and agriculture GVA.
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Kołodziejczak, Włodzimierz. "Employment and Gross Value Added in Agriculture Versus Other Sectors of the European Union Economy." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 8, 2020): 5518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145518.
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The aim of the paper is to recognize the level of employment and gross value added (GVA) in agriculture in relation to the other sectors of the European Union economy. The following research tasks were formulated: analysis of employment levels and GVA in the sectors of economy in 2000 and 2018 as well as the relationship between employment and GVA, assessment of GVA per 1 person employed in the investigated sectors and its changes in the analysed years, and assessment of the scale of surplus employment in agriculture assuming that GVA per 1 person employed in this sector would be equal to the average level reached in the industry and the services sectors. Comparative analysis and the deduction method were used in the study. Correlation coefficients between the level of employment in individual sectors and GVA per 1 person employed in the time series covering the years 2000–2008 were also calculated. A new measure of the “goal” of employment reduction in agriculture has been proposed, related to the measurement of the distance between agriculture and other sectors in terms of GVA generated per 1 employed—the Excess Employment Rate In The Agricultural Sector (EERAS). The research was based on EUROSTAT data from the years of 2000 and 2018. The process of changes in the sectoral structure of employment will probably be determined by the growth rate of demand for services, structural adjustment referring to matching the characteristics of the agricultural population to the demand for labour force in the services sector and the pace of structural transformations in rural areas. Rationalisation of employment levels in agriculture promotes improvement of its economic and social sustainability. Instruments based on financial transfers from nonagricultural sectors to agriculture should play a secondary role, since they are a burden to more efficient sectors, and in the long term, they may hinder reduction of employment in agriculture. However, due to the inevitable differences in productivity observed between agriculture and the nonagricultural sectors, at a technologically, economically, ecologically and socially justified level of employment in agriculture, transfers of the surplus generated in the secondary and tertiary sectors need at least to reduce, if not eliminate, economic consequences of these differences.
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Ali, Liu, Shah, Tariq, Ali Chandio, and Ali. "Analysis of the Nexus of CO2 Emissions, Economic Growth, Land under Cereal Crops and Agriculture Value-Added in Pakistan Using an ARDL Approach." Energies 12, no. 23 (December 2, 2019): 4590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12234590.
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The present study attempts to explore the correlation between carbon dioxide emissions (CO2 e), gross domestic product (GDP), land under cereal crops (LCC) and agriculture value-added (AVA) in Pakistan. The study exploits time-series data from 1961 to 2014 and further applies descriptive statistical analysis, unit root test, Johansen co-integration test, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model and pairwise Granger causality test. The study employes augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) and Phillips–Perron (PP) tests to check the stationarity of the variables. The results of the analysis reveal that there is both short- and long-run association between agricultural production, economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions in the country. The long-run results estimate that there is a positive and insignificant association between carbon dioxide emissions, land under cereal crops, and agriculture value-added. The results of the short-run analysis point out that there is a negative and statistically insignificant association between carbon dioxide emissions and gross domestic product. It is very important for the Government of Pakistan’s policymakers to build up agricultural policies, strategies and planning in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Consequently, the country should promote environmentally friendly agricultural practices in order to strengthen its efforts to achieve sustainable agriculture.
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Jaroszewska, Joanna, and Włodzimierz Rembisz. "SOURCES OF THE DYNAMICS OF LABOR PRODUCTIVITY CHANGES IN AGRICULTURE IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES BASED ON ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS FOR AGRICULTURE (EAA)." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XX, no. 2 (May 7, 2018): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.8118.
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The purpose of this analysis is to illustrate sources of dynamics of labour productivity factor performance based on the analytical approach adopted. The dynamics of gross value added and employment in agriculture were shaped to the dynamics of labor productivity changes. Derived analytical approach to the sources of dynamics of changes in labour productivity has been illustrated empirically. The empirical analysis was based on EU ROSTAT data. Economic Accounts for Agriculture and Statistics of Agricultural Labor Inputs. The positive impact of both sources of labor productivity growth and gross value added a tendency towards greater stability for the EU -15 countries has been demonstrated, the neutral nature of direct payments for changes in labor productivity was found.
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Muryani, Muryani. "Investment Improvement of Agricultural Sector in East Java." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478) 8, no. 4 (July 3, 2019): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v8i4.303.
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The Agricultural Demand Led Industrialization (ADLI) strategy can be considered effective because of the dominant amount of East Java land (74.11%) cultivated for the agricultural sector. This study aims to determine the relationship between the agricultural and manufacturing industry sectors; knowing the impact of the “Agricultural Demand Led Industrialization” (ADLI) strategy in the East Java economy; and knowing the elasticity of agricultural investment on output creation, gross value added, and income in East Java. This research uses the Input-Output (IO) analysis technique for all economic sectors in East Java, with an emphasis on the agricultural sector and processing industry in 1995-2010. The empirical results state that the ADLI Strategy has a positive impact on output creation and income in the East Java economy. The level of sensitivity /response from the output, gross value added, and income due to changes in investment value in the agricultural sector is relatively not much different.
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Vasyl’yeva, Olena. "ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR USING THE COBB-DOUGLAS PRODUCTION FUNCTION." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 7, no. 2 (March 26, 2021): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2021-7-2-37-49.
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The aim of the article is to assess the impact of various factors (forms of capital) on the formation of gross value added and gross output of the agricultural sector of Ukraine’s economy under sustainable development using the modified Cobb-Douglas production function. Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study consisted of the papers on economic growth, sustainable development and forecasting by scientists in classical and modern economics. A monographic method was used to cover the scientists’ views on the research issue. The parameters of the production function describing how variables (physical and human capital, pollutant emissions) act on gross value added and gross output of the agricultural sector of Ukraine were estimated on the basis of the modified Cobb-Douglas production function. Statistics for agriculture covering the period 2008-2018 were used for the assessment. The correlation and regression analysis was used to determine and verify the parameters of the production function. Equations of balance and construction of isoquants were used to foresight the optimal combinations of factors of the production function. Results. Using the Cobb-Douglas production function, econometric analysis with eco-socio-economic factors has shown that economic growth in agriculture is associated with improved quantitative and qualitative characteristics of labour potential, growing capital investment and reducing pollutant emissions. Estimation of the elasticity coefficients of the constructed Cobb-Douglas function (the sum exceeds 1) justifies that the economic development of agriculture mainly contains the features of a large-scale economy: modern level of science and technology provides advantageous expanding production to increase output. Practical significance. The constructed models allow to forecast assessment of the development of the agricultural sector’s components and can be used to develop the basic directions of the state agricultural policy to manage the formation and use of resource potential. Value/originality. Modelling how the resource factors act on output using the method of construction and calculation of parameters of the production function allows to predict the sustainable development of agricultural production under quantitative and qualitative changes in the use of labour and capital, as well as environmental factors. Further research ensures obtaining a dynamic multi-factor model of sustainable development of the agricultural sector and determining the main mechanisms of influence on the levers of economic growth.
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Adamowicz, Mieczysław. "European Funds for Rural Areas and Regional Convergence of Agriculture in Poland." Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ers-2019-0002.
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SummarySubject and purpose of work: The aim of the article is to assess the phenomena of sigma convergence of labour productivity in agriculture and other sectors of rural economy in Polish regions during 2003 – 2014 in the context of the amount of European funds designated for agriculture and rural areas. European supprt was compared to the Gross Added Value of agriculture, forestry, hunting and fishery.Materials and methods: The subject literature and statistical data received from the Agricultural Modernization Agency and the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office were used. The empirical data regarding the level of agriculture in regions as well as the data on the resources utilised from the European Union were examined in order to assess the correlation between them and the phenomenon of regional sigma-convergence.Results: The study confirms the sigma convergence of the Gross Value Added per units of funding obtained from the European Union Budget and different level of sigma convergence of GVA / PE in regions.Conclusions: Sigma convergence assessment of the Gross Value Added per person employed in regions shows that in the analyzed period three phases could be distinguished: convergence (2003 – 2008), divergence (2008 – 2010) and stagnation (2010 – 2014).
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Shabanov, Victor L., Marianna Ya Vasilchenko, Elena A. Derunova, and Andrey P. Potapov. "Formation of an Export-Oriented Agricultural Economy and Regional Open Innovations." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 7, no. 1 (January 14, 2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010032.
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The aim of the work is to find relevant indicators for assessing the relationship between investments in fixed assets in agriculture, gross output of the industry, and agricultural exports using tools for modeling the impact of innovation and investment development on increasing production and export potential in the context of the formation of an export-oriented agricultural economy. The modeling methodology and the proposed estimating and forecasting tools for diagnosing and monitoring the state of sectoral and regional innovative agricultural systems are used to analyze the relationship between investments in fixed assets in agriculture, gross output of the industry, and agricultural exports based on the construction of the classification of Russian regions by factors that aggregate these features to diagnose incongruence problems and to improve institutional management in regional innovative export-oriented agrosystems. Based on the results of the factor analysis application, an underestimated role of indicators of investment in agriculture, the intensity and efficiency of agricultural production, were established. Based on the results of the cluster analysis, the established five groups of regions were identified, with significant differences in the level of investment in agriculture, the volume of production of the main types of agricultural products, and the export and exported food. The research results are of practical value for use in improving institutional management when planning reforms and transformations of regional innovative agrosystems.
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Bórawski, Piotr, Mariola Grzybowska-Brzezińska, and James William Dunn. "The Evaluation of Efficiency of Polish Agriculture." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 63, no. 1 (2015): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201563010175.
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The objective of the paper was to recognize the efficiency of Polish agriculture. We have studied data from Main Statistical Office (MSO) and compared the efficiency in the years 2000–2010. The data proved that the efficiency of Polish agriculture improved in the analyzed period. To measure the impact of macroeconomic variables we introduced these into the regression model. The macroeconomic factors included: X1 (nominal prices of land), X2 (land prices expressed in dt), X3 (inflation), X4 (investment in agriculture and hunting), X5 (balance of trade) and X6 (GDP). We wanted to recognize the impact of macroeconomic factors on: Y1 (gross output), Y2 (intermediate consumption), Y3 (gross value added). Multiple regression was used to measure the impact of macroeconomic factors on global production of agriculture. The strongest impact on gross value added had: X4 (investment in agriculture and horticulture) and X4 (trade balance). Poland is a member of European Union and the Common Agricultural Policy has improved the situation in agriculture. There are about 2 100 000 farms in Poland but only 300 000–400 000 are producing for the market. Other farms have social functions and are place for work for rural inhabitants.
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Kiss, Lívia Benita. "Examination of Agricultural Income Inequality in the European Union." Business Ethics and Leadership 4, no. 3 (2020): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/10.21272/bel.4(3).36-45.2020.
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The significant roles of agriculture in the economic development of a country are determinative. It has already made a substantial contribution to the economic prosperity of advanced countries. Its role in the economic development of less developed countries is of vital importance. The share of the population working in agriculture is declining as countries develop. While less than 5% of the population does in rich countries work in agriculture, more than two-thirds of the people in poor countries. It is predominantly the huge productivity increase that makes this reduction in labor possible. The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive picture of the situation of agriculture in the European Union from 2010 to 2019, with a particular focus on agricultural income and labor force developments. The number of employed in agriculture has decreased globally (by almost -14%) and in the European Union (by nearly -19%). The added value of agriculture has grown at a similar rate worldwide (by almost +22%) and in the European Union (by almost +23%). Indicators of agricultural income showed indicator A an increase of 25.56%, indicator B 39.11% and index C 20.39% in 2017 compared to 2010. In 2019 the gross value added in agriculture was the most significant in Germany, Spain, France, and Italy. Together, the four countries accounted for 42% gross value added in agriculture of EU-28. Indicator A, B and C of agricultural income showed in 2019 the most significant positive change in Bulgaria, in Denmark and Romania. Employment in agriculture was the highest in Poland and Romania in 2019. Several reasons can explain the differences in the development of agricultural performance in each European Union country. These reasons can be grouped. On the one hand, the location varies from country to country. Due to their different locations, their climatic, natural and ecological conditions are different. Another important difference is the size of the states. On the other hand, the structure and organization of society are different. Thirdly, the economic situation and status of each country are different. Keywords: Agriculture, Labor, Income, Inequality, European Union.
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Kolesnik, Yana, Olena Dobrovolska, Iryna Malyuta, Anna Petrova, and Sergiy Shulyak. "The investment model of fixed assets renovation in the agricultural industry: case of Ukraine." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 16, no. 4 (December 12, 2019): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.16(4).2019.20.
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The present state of the financial market in Ukraine determines a lack of funding for agricultural enterprises. The research aims to find internal sources of funding for the reproduction of fixed assets for agricultural enterprises. The calculation of the depreciation return index is a component of financial analysis of the efficient renovation investment use. It allows controlling its targeting and influence on enterprises in a financial aspect in order to provide a stable position of the enterprise`s investor.Implementation of economic and mathematical modeling using correlation and regression analysis verified a tight correlation between gross profit margins in agriculture and depreciation returns. For this purpose, general indexes were formed that is the primary value of fixed assets at the end of the year; the extent of their depreciation, depreciation and residual value of fixed assets at the end of the year, the average annual value of fixed assets, annual income, investment return and calculated gross profit and depreciation during 2001–2016 were determined. The results of the calculations showed that the funds saved through depreciation (renovation investments), and retained earnings are the financial resources for continuous renovation of fixed assets of agricultural enterprises. Also, attraction to internal reserves should have an impact on the increase of the agricultural enterprises’ profitability and should facilitate the increase of production volumes due to the implementation of innovations.
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Trnková, Gabriela, and Zdeňka Malá. "Analysis of inequality of gross added value of conventional and organic farms in selected EU countries." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, no. 7 (2013): 2883–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361072883.
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The paper deals with the differentiation of gross added value of farms with a focus on mixed production from twelve selected European Union countries in view of the manner of farming. The objective is to define the effect of an ecological and conventional manner of farming on the differentiation of gross added value and to quantify the level of impact of subsidy policy on the elimination of the said inequality. The fulfillment of the said objective was based upon the quantification of the Gini coefficient, which was quantified for selected indicators on the basis of data from the FADN database for the year 2009. In order to assess the effect of the manner of farming on the differentiation of the analyzed indicators, a horizontal decomposition of the Gini coefficient was performed. On the other hand, a vertical decomposition of the Gini coefficient served to assess the effect of EU subsidy policy on the level of inequality of the indicator of gross added value. The obtained results indicate a lesser inequality of the economic productivity of European agricultural businesses, which is not significantly determined by an ecological or conventional manner of farming, but rather by the local specifics of individual countries and their agricultural-food markets, as well as the applied subsidy policy, which primarily in organic farming decreases the inequality of gross added value to a significant extent and strengthens the competitiveness as well as viability of agricultural businesses.
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Golonko, Magdalena, Marcin Wysokiński, and Arkadiusz Gromada. "CONCENTRATION AND REGIONALIZATION OF AGRICULTURE IN THE WORLD." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XIII, no. 1 (March 14, 2021): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.8028.
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The main purpose of the article was to assess the regionalization of agricultural production in the world and the changes occurring in this aspect. The article presents the concentration level of agricultural production in the world by continent. The source of materials was data from FAOSTAT. The research period covered the years 2004 - 2016. In the analyzed period, the value of gross agricultural production doubled. Various trends were observed within the period studied. In the years 2004-2010, in all regions of the world, there was an increase in gross production of agriculture, while in the period 2010-2016 only in two – North America and Asia. It was noted that there was a high concentration of agricultural production, mainly concentrated in Asia and Europe. In the analyzed period, there was a relative increase in the share of agricultural production in Asia and South America as compared to other regions. Individual groups of agricultural products, such as cereals and animal production, were also analyzed. In both cases, concentration was different. The pace of concentration in animal production was higher than in plant production.
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Murshed, Muntasir, Haider Mahmood, Tarek Tawfik Yousef Alkhateeb, and Mohga Bassim. "The Impacts of Energy Consumption, Energy Prices and Energy Import-Dependency on Gross and Sectoral Value-Added in Sri Lanka." Energies 13, no. 24 (December 12, 2020): 6565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13246565.
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Drifting away from the neoclassical growth conjecture of economic growth being solely dependent on capital and labor inputs, this paper aimed to evaluate the dynamic impacts of energy consumption, energy prices and imported energy-dependency on both gross and sectoral value-added figures of Sri Lanka. The analysis has particularly used the robust econometric methods that can account for structural break issues in the data. The results, in a nutshell, indicated that energy consumption homogeneously contributes to gross, agricultural, industrial and services value-additions in Sri Lanka. However, positive oil price shocks and greater shares of imported energy in the total energy consumption figures are found to dampen the growth figures, especially in the context of the gross, industrial and services value additions. Besides, the joint growth-inhibiting impacts of oil price movements and energy import-dependency are also ascertained. On the other hand, the causality estimates reveal bidirectional causal associations between energy consumption-gross value-added and energy consumption-industrial value-added. In contrast, no causal impact of energy consumption on the agricultural and services value-added is evidenced. Hence, these findings impose key policy implications for constructing crucial energy policy reforms to make sure that the economic growth performances of Sri Lanka are sustained in the future.
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Johnson, Andrew M., Michael D. Boehlje, and Michael A. Gunderson. "Agricultural credit risk and the macroeconomy." Agricultural Finance Review 77, no. 1 (May 2, 2017): 164–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-06-2016-0057.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the linkage between agricultural sector and macroeconomic factors with farm financial health. It considers whether agricultural lenders can more accurately anticipate changes in the credit quality of their portfolios by considering broad economic indicators outside the agriculture sector. Design/methodology/approach This paper examines firm, sector, and macroeconomic drivers of probability of default (PD) migrations from a sample of 153 grain farms of actual lender data from Farm Credit Mid-America’s portfolio. A series of ordered logit models are developed. Findings Farm-level and sector-level variables have the most significant impact on PD migrations. Equity to asset ratios, working capital to gross farm income ratios, and gross corn income per acre are found to be the most significant drivers of PD migrations. Macroeconomic variables are shown to unreliably forecast PD migrations, suggesting that agricultural lenders should emphasize firm and sector variables over macroeconomic factors in credit risk models. Originality/value This paper builds the literature on agricultural credit risk by testing a broader set of sector and macroeconomic variables than previous articles. Also, prior articles measured the direction but not magnitude of PD migrations; the ordered model in the analysis measures both.
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Rybaczewska-Błażejowska, Magdalena, and Wacław Gierulski. "Eco-Efficiency Evaluation of Agricultural Production in the EU-28." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (December 2, 2018): 4544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124544.
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This paper evaluates the eco-efficiency performance of agriculture at the sector level using the joint application of life cycle assessment (LCA) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) techniques. The research has been performed for the agricultural production of the 28 member states of the European Union (the EU-28). The foundation for the calculation of the eco-efficiency performance was a statistically selected set of impact categories derived from the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) phase as input values and economic indicators, with the gross domestic product (GDP) of their agriculture as the output value. The results of the analysis showed that the agricultural sectors of 10 member states of the European Union (i.e., Belgium, Bulgaria, Estonia, Finland, Greece, Italy, Malta, the Netherlands, Romania, and Sweden) are relatively eco-efficient. The remaining 18 member states of the EU-28 have eco-inefficient agricultural sectors, though to a varying extent. This means that their agricultural sectors consume too many natural resources (in particular, energy), use too much fertilizer, and produce considerable amounts of airborne emissions in relation to the current level of GDP per hectare. These insights into the eco-efficiency performance of agriculture in the EU-28 may contribute to the adoption of better management techniques and more effective agricultural policies.
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Putti, Fernando Ferrari, BRUNO CÉSAR GÓES, VINÍCIUS PALÁCIO, BEATRIZ RODGRIGUES DE GODOY, and DIOGO DE LUCCA SARTORI. "Multivariate Analysis of Brazilian Agricultural Production." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 5, no. 12 (December 31, 2017): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol5.iss12.872.
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Agribusiness is one of the most important sectors for Brazil, expressing positive values in the trade balance, with a share of 23% of GDP, besides the great generation of employment along its chain. In this way, Brazil stands out due to the expressive volume of agricultural production, making it one of the largest exporters of food in the world. In this way, it sought to apply the multivariate analysis through multidimensional scaling between the area, production and gross value of agricultural products, in order to observe the similarities and dissimilarities between them, which resulted in three discrepant products, which are of great importance to the Brazilian economy, being soy, sugar cane and corn, besides the formation of two distinct groups of products with similar characteristics.
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Grujić, Biljana, Marijana Joksimović, and Biljana Stojanović. "Export of Agricultural and Food Products of Serbia." International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 8, no. 3 (July 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2019070101.
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Agricultural production is supported by the food industry allowing the placement of agricultural products with a higher processing phase achieve higher value of surplus of balance payments in this activity. The work structure can be analyzed in two parts. The first part considers the key specifics and problems of financing agriculture and food industry of Serbia (low contribution of agriculture in the creation of gross domestic product - GDP, small allocations for the agrarian budget, unfavorable agrarian loans with commercial banks, etc.). The second part of the article presents the structure of exports of agriculture and food industry of Serbia from 2011 to 2016. In the six-year period, cereals and cereal-based products, as well as fruits and vegetables, dominate the country's total exports. The average share of cereal exports in total exports of the country was around 5.5%, and fruit and vegetables about 5.2%.
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Vozárová, Ivana Kravčáková, and Elena Šíra. "Evaluation of the Average Wage in Agriculture Depending on the Value of Gross Agricultural Production in Different Regions in Slovakia." Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia 7, no. 26 (June 1, 2014): 237–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2014-0024.
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Abstract The agriculture is currently not among highly attractive, highly productive and profitable sectors, but its importance for the country and economy is unquestionable. It turns out that the level of labour productivity as well as other factors reflects the different wage level. Lower average nominal wages of workers in rural areas are a factor causing overall economy lagging of rural regions. The aim of this paper is to determine the dependence of the average wage level from gross agricultural production in different regions of Slovakia and confirm respectively refute the hypothesis of wage inequalities between regions
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M. Etale, Lyndon, and Amaka, P. T. Bailey. "The Relationship between Bank Lending to Agricultural Sector and Agricultural Earnings in Nigeria." Sumerianz Journal of Economics and Finance, no. 41 (February 18, 2021): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.47752/sjef.41.25.34.
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This study examined the relationship between bank lending to agricultural sector and agricultural earnings in Nigeria using secondary data obtained from various editions of the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletins. Secondary data collected for the selected study variables covered ten years period from 2009 to 2018. The study adopted bank loans and advances to agriculture, interest rate, and inflation as independent variables, while agricultural earnings representing gross national agricultural output was used as dependent variable. The study employed descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis based on the OLS technique assisted by the E-view 10 computer software as the statistical tools for data analysis. The results revealed that all the independent variables had positive relationship with agricultural earnings. Specifically, bank loans and advances to agriculture had statistically significant effect on agricultural earnings. The regression results also showed that the coefficient of determination (R-squared) value of 0.86 indicates that 86% of changes in the dependent variable (AGE) were explained by the combined effect of changes in the independent variables. The study concluded that bank lending to the agricultural sector has a significant positive relationship with agricultural earnings in Nigeria. The study recommended among others that the CBN should step-up policy making, execution and monitoring of bank lending to agriculture; and that the Federal Government through the Federal Ministry of Agriculture should declare a state of emergency on agriculture and make the sector more attractive and viable for investment.
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Zhan, Huibin, and Sifeng Liu. "An analysis of intermediate inputs influencing the gross products of agriculture and its composition based on grey incidence analysis." Grey Systems: Theory and Application 5, no. 2 (August 3, 2015): 206–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gs-04-2015-0012.
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Purpose – Taking Huangshan City as an example, the purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between gross products of agriculture (GPA), its main composition as well as their influential intermediate inputs, followed by some suggestion, in order to optimize agricultural industrial structure and distribute the ratio of various inputs in agriculture, farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, so as to improve GPA of Huangshan City. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is characterized by an exploratory research by using the grey incidence analysis based on the grey systems theory initiated by Chinese professor Julong Deng. The original data processed in the model are quoted from the Statistical Yearbook of Huangshan City. Findings – This paper draws some important conclusions. First, in terms of large, intermediate inputs in animal husbandry production and fishery production are two important aspects which affect the growth potentiality of agricultural gross products in Huangshan City. This also reflects that the development potentialities of fishery and animal husbandry are larger. Second, the level of agricultural modernization is relatively low in Huangshan City, the growth of agricultural output relies on a large number of inputs such as fertilizers, pesticides, but it also reflects the agriculture production system has huge potentiality to increase in Huangshan City from the side. Third, agriculture producer services as a whole is still relatively weak in Huangshan City. It is difficult to adapt to the development of modern agriculture and agricultural modernization. Finally, the results show that intermediate inputs have different influence on farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. Originality/value – Suggestion are also proposed to the related policy makers as follows: to vigorously develop animal husbandry and fishery in order to optimize agricultural industrial structure of Huangshan City, to improve agricultural modernization level, to speed up the service support system construction of agriculture production, to optimize the allocation of inputs in farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery reasonably.
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Karthikeyan, K. "A Study on Financial Statement Analysis of Primary Agricultural Cooperative Credit Society in Paiyanoor Branch at Chengalpattu District." ComFin Research 9, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/commerce.v9i3.4119.
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This study discussed the financial statement analysis of Primary Agricultural Cooperative Credit Society in Paiyanoor branch at Chengalpattu district, the study based last five year annual report of 2014 to 2019 form PACCS. The Accounting ratios like Current ratio, Quick ratio, Debit ration, Debit equity ratio, Net assets turnover ratio, Gross profit ratio, Net profit ratio, Return on equity ratio, Return on equity ratio, Solvency ratio used analysis the performance of financial statement analysis of Primary Agricultural Cooperative Credit Society. The study revealed that Debit Ratio highest value in the year 2014-15 is 0.830, Net Profit Ratio highest value in the year 2015-16 is 1.015, Current Ratio highest value in the year 2018-19 is 2.052, Quick Ratio highest value in theyear 2018-19 is 2.813, Gross Profit Ratio highest value in the year 2018-19 is 0.134. It shows that the PACCS gradually increase financial performance in last five years from 2014 to 2019.
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Gershon, Obindah, Adesuwa Akhigbemidu, and Romanus Osabohien. "Domestic Resource Mobilization and Under-Five Mortality in Nigeria." Research in World Economy 11, no. 3 (June 16, 2020): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/rwe.v11n3p320.
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This study considered domestic resource mobilisation and allocation to healthcare service delivery due to the high rate of infant deaths in Nigeria. Value addition in the agricultural sector is captured as a major source of revenue which could be channelled towards increased government expenditure in healthcare. As such, the paper applies vector error correction technique on yearly data for the period 1981 to 2015. It investigates the long-run relationship and short-run dynamics between under-five mortality on the one hand, with female literacy, agricultural productivity, tax revenue, and gross capital formation on the other hand. Outcome of the study indicates, from a long run perspective, under-five mortality is positively related to tax revenue, female literacy rate and gross capital formation. However, there is a negative relationship between under-5 mortality and agricultural productivity. Moreover, as Nigeria diversifies away from crude oil towards agriculture, increased productivity and tax revenues could be channelled towards better health outcomes and rural transformation. Furthermore, enhanced management of tax and better budgeting towards the agricultural sector is recommended. In addition, infrastructure development, agro-allied investments will ensure reduction in agricultural waste and supply costs. The outcomes portend significant relevance for meeting Sustainable Development Goals 2, 3, 4, & 10.
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Klíma, J., and M. Palát Sn. "Analysis of the development of the economic account for agriculture of the Czech Republic." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 52, No. 5 (February 17, 2012): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5017-agricecon.
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The paper is focused on assessing the development of the economic account for agriculture of the Czech Republic in the selected reference period 1998–2003. There were evaluated effects of the particular types of the economic accounts. Methods of regression and correlation analysis and development trends were used for the mathematical-statistical analysis. The plant production output similarly as the output of agricultural industry show an increasing tendency since the period under investigation reaching a peak about 2001 and in next years decreasing in difference to the gross value added at basic prices and the net value added at basic prices which shows an increasing trend throughout the period. Both animal output and the agricultural services output show a decreasing trend reaching a minimum about 2002.
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Eshete, Zerayehu Sime, Dawit Woubishet Mulatu, and Tsegaye Ginbo Gatiso. "CO2 emissions, agricultural productivity and welfare in Ethiopia." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 12, no. 5 (September 28, 2020): 687–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-07-2019-0046.
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Purpose Climate change has become one of the most important development challenges worldwide. It affects various sectors, with agriculture the most vulnerable. In Ethiopia, climate change impacts are exacerbated due to the economy’s heavy dependence on agriculture. The Ethiopian Government has started to implement its climate-resilient green economy (CRGE) strategy and reduce CO2 emissions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of CO2 emission on agricultural productivity and household welfare. Design/methodology/approach This study aims to fill these significant research and knowledge gaps using a recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium model to investigate CO2 emissions’ impact on agricultural performance and household welfare. Findings The results indicate that CO2 emissions negatively affect agricultural productivity and household welfare. Compared to the baseline, real agricultural gross domestic product is projected to be 4.5% lower in the 2020s under a no-CRGE scenario. Specifically, CO2 emissions lead to a decrease in the production of traded and non-traded crops, but not livestock. Emissions also worsen the welfare of all segments of households, where the most vulnerable groups are the rural-poor households. Originality/value The debate in the area is not derived from a rigorous analysis and holistic economy-wide approach. Therefore, the paper fills this gap and is original by value and examines these issues methodically.
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Szczukocka, Agata. "Rozwój sektora rolnego w Polsce i krajach Unii Europejskiej." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 18(33), no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 275–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2018.18.1.25.
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The role and importance of the agricultural sector is changing in the process of socio-economic development. Despite the ongoing changes, agriculture in Poland is still an important sector of the economy, and Poland is a major producer of food. The article attempts to assess the development of the agricultural sector in Poland, by voivodships and in comparison with European Union countries, using economic indicators. An analysis of the dynamics of changes in the level of employment and gross value added in terms of three sectors was carried out. Application to the synthetic measure of development made it possible to assess individual voivodships and EU countries from the point of view of the development of the agricultural sector. The research has shown that in recent years the role of the agricultural sector in Poland and European Union countries has decreased. In addition, there was a large variation in the development of agriculture in the system of provinces and in the countries of the European Union.
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Bencze, Tibor. "The situation of the employed in agriculture." Review on Agriculture and Rural Development 8, no. 1-2 (May 26, 2019): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/rard.2019.1-2.146-152.
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Efficiency improvements result in reduced employment. Regarding the actual individual consumption per capital and the GDP per capita in the EU member states- Hungary is among the lasts. The main reason for this is the weak international competitive role. Competitiveness is one of the prerequisites for efficiency which requires skilled workforce. However, the unemployed from rural regions are generally low-skilled so their employment is not a viable option in the competitive industry or in the agricultural market.
In Hungary, the educational attainment level of agricultural workers is significantly lower than the employment of any other section’s or the EU average. Agriculture cannot solve the employment problems of the rural population, it may only contributes modestly to the creation of new workplaces. GDP or gross domestic product is the sum of depreciation, wages and capital income. One of the main reasons of the low GDP per capita is the fact that the wages in Hungary are just a mere fraction of a Western European employee’s with the same performance. The share of agriculture has been steadily decreasing in employment and in the production of gross value added, where the average wage of agriculture is significantly lower than the average of the national economy. It also plays a role in lowering the contribution of agriculture to GDP than the proportion of active workers. This explains the higher of a worker’s level of education is, the chances they stay in the agriculture permanently is reducing significantly. The social recognition of agricultural activity can only be improved if the agricultural earnings or income of qualified young people reaches the average of the national economy.
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Van Tran, Thi Kieu, Ehsan Elahi, Liqin Zhang, Van Huyen Bui, Quang Trung Pham, Thuy Duong Tran, Thi Lien Ta, and Munawar Hassan. "Gender gap in rice productivity: evidence from Vietnam." International Journal of Social Economics 46, no. 2 (February 11, 2019): 241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-12-2017-0623.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of the gender gap in the gross value of rice yield in Vietnam.Design/methodology/approachA panel data set of 12 provinces of Vietnam from 2010 to 2014 was used, collected from the Vietnam access to resources household survey. To measure the gender gap in the gross value of rice yield, two-stage least squares and Blinder – Oaxaca decomposition methods were used.FindingsThe gross value of rice productivity of male-headed households was 10.3 percent higher than that of female-headed households. The gender gap in rice productivity is caused by the endowment and structural effects; the endowment effect explained 53 percent of the gender gap in rice productivity and the structural effect 42 percent.Practical implicationsIn order to reduce the gender gap and improve the gross value of rice yield, the following policies are suggested: female education and access to institutional services (extension and credit) should be improved and future research is needed to determine the reasons for gender discrimination in the agricultural production system.Originality/valueThe findings suggest that the difference in the gross value of rice yield between male- and female-headed households were mainly caused by endowments and returns from those endowments.
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Honak, Ihor. "THE EXPEDIENCY OF STARTING THE SALE OF LAND IN UKRAINE IN AN ECONOMIC DOWNTURN." INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, no. 3-4 (2021): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2021.3-4.7.
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Purpose. The aim of the article is the characteristics of modern theoretical and practical aspects of the functioning of the agricultural land market in Ukraine in the second half of 2021. Methodology of research. The following methods were used in the study: statistical analysis and comparison – in studying the problematic aspects of the Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on the Conditions of Circulation of Agricultural Land”, the dynamics of gross domestic product and public and state-guaranteed debt as the main factors the dynamics of the potential value of land; logical assessment – in substantiating the proposals to restore the moratorium on the sale of agricultural land and repeal the Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on the Conditions of Circulation of Agricultural Land”; generalization – in the process of formulating conclusions based on the results of the analysis. Findings. It is established that during the second half of 2019 – the first half of 2021 there was a continuous decline in gross domestic product of Ukraine and a sharp increase in public debt, which negatively affects the potential value of Ukrainian agricultural land. The necessity of prolonging the moratorium on land sales is substantiated. The principles for the development of a new Law of Ukraine “On the market of agricultural land”, which would take into account the interests of all land users. Originality. Recommendations on the need to renew the moratorium on land sales, repeal the current Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on the Conditions of Circulation of Agricultural Land” and develop a new, state- and national-oriented Law of Ukraine “On Agricultural Land Market” are formed. Practical value. The practical implementation of the proposed measures will create favourable conditions for the development of the national land market, which will allow to solve state problems in the land and investment spheres, as well as to stimulate the development of the national economy. Key words: land, agricultural land, gross domestic product, state and state-guaranteed debt.
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Beranová, Michaela, Marcela Basovníková, and Dana Martinovičová. "Clustering of agricultural enterprises." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, no. 2 (2013): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361020289.
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Agricultural business is a very specific branch which is characterized by very low financial performance while this characteristic is given mainly by external factors as market pricing of agricultural commodities on one side, and production costs of agricultural commodities on the other side. This way, agricultural enterprises recognize negative values of gross margin in the Profit and Loss Statement but positive value of operating profit after even there are items of costs which are deducted. These results are derived from agricultural production subsidies which are recognized as income in the P/L Statement. In connection with this fact, the government subsidies are a substantial component of financial performance of agricultural enterprises.Primary research proceeded on the statistical sample of one hundred agricultural companies, has shown that also other specifics influencing financial performance of these businesses exist here. In order to determine the influences, the cluster analysis has been applied at using more than 10 variables. This approach has led to construction of clusters (groups) of agricultural business entities with different characteristics of the group. The objective of this paper is to identify the main determinants of financial performance of agricultural enterprises and to determine their influences under different economic characteristics of these business entities. For this purpose, the regression analysis has been subsequently applied on the groups of companies coming out from the cluster analysis. Besides the operating profit which is the main driving force of financial performance measured with the economic value added (EVA) in agricultural enterprises, also capital structure and cost of capital have been observed as very strong influences on financial performance but these factors have different directions of their influence on the economic value added under different financial characteristics of agricultural enterprises.
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Bozsik, Norbert, and Róbert Magda. "Efficiency of agricultural production in Hungary." Contemporary Research on Organization Management and Administration 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33605/croma-012018-003.
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Purpose – The object of the article is to evaluate the efficiency of agricultural production in Hungary and in Hungarian regions. Furthermore, our purpose is to point out the effectiveness of Hungarian agriculture compared to the average of the EU. Based on results we evaluate the regional differences from the aspect of agricultural productivity and Hungary’s lag behind the average level of EU member states. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology of the paper is based on partial productivity methods. Comparing the main economic indicators of agricultural industry (output, gross value added and enterpreneurial income) to the annual working unit (AWU) and land unit (hectare) we analysed how efficiently labour and land is used in production. Conclusions are drawn from the results of the analysis. Findings – The paper shows the main charasteristics of Hungarian agriculture. Based on measuring efficiency of agricultural production, we highlight the extent to which the efficiency of Hungarian agricultural production remains below the EU average. The article also presents how effective the production factors (labour and land) are in the agricultural production of the regions of Hungary. Research limitations/implications – In the paper, we applied partial efficiency methods to evaluate the productivity of agricultural production. There are several directions of further investigations to measure the efficiency of agriculture (e.g. multi-factor productivity methods). Beside the methods, the research can be extended for any other direction (e.g. any other NUTS level etc.). Practical implications - Based on the results we outline recommendations for more effective use of production factors. The proposals are concerning how to increase the efficiency of the workforce in agriculture and to the find the optimal land utilization considering the environmental sustainability. Originality/Value – The paper provides comprehensive view on Hungarian agriculture situation with special emphasis on the regions. It presents original results of efficiency of the Hungarian agricultural production by regions and draws proper conclusions for practice. Keywords: agricultural production, efficiency, labour market, land market. Research type: research paper. JEL classification: J43 – Agricultural labour market Q10 – Agriculture general Q15 – Land Ownership and Tenure; Land Reform; Land Use; Irrigation; Agriculture and Environment
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Adeniyi, Adetunji. "Factors Affecting Sectoral Employment in Nigeria during the Period of Growth (1981-2014)." International Journal of Learning and Development 11, no. 2 (May 6, 2021): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v11i2.18613.
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The Nigerian economy was characterised with high levels of unemployment during the periods of substantial growth between 1981 and 2014. Various economists described the growth regime as “jobless”. Sectoral differences were, also, observed with regard to their job absorptive capacities. Time series secondary data covering 1981 to 2014 on the rebased Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and sectoral Gross Value Added (GVA) at 2010 constant basic prices, employment, wage rate, inflation rate and interest rate were collected from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) and Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). The variables were extracted from statutory publications of the institutions, collated and summarised into a table of data. The unit root test was carried out to test for stationarity of variables. The data was analysed using VECM at α 0.05. The result shows that wage rate, inflation rate, and interest rate all affected employment negatively across sectors. Gross Value added affected employment positively in the non-agricultural sectors, but negatively in the agricultural sectors. Inter-sectoral linkages and dependences also peculiarly affected job creation positively or negatively.
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Grznár, M., and Ľ. Szabo. "Value added and its generation in agrarian enterprises." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 50, No. 6 (February 24, 2012): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5196-agricecon.
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This article sets out to analyze the value added generation in the Slovak agrarian sector at the time of the accession to the EU compared to which we are severely lagging behind in the overall generation of gross value added. A more detailed analysis of the value added generation over the recent years in a group of agricultural enterprises being legal entities indicates that the enterprise efficiency expressed in terms of value added generation is markedly differentiated depending on the natural conditions of the locations where individual businesses operate. Great differences in the added value between enterprises can also be found in the group of enterprises having the same natural conditions. The reason for this is a differentiation in the degree to which intensification inputs are utilized due to high prices, lack of financial resources, inefficient combination of inputs used and insufficient recognition of the importance of the value added by managers, particularly in planning of production structures and production finalization grade.
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Смирнова, Елена, Elena Smirnova, Марина Постнова, Marina Postnova, Елена Тарасова, and Elena Tarasova. "EVALUATION THE LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LEVEL IN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES OF ULYANOVSK REGION." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 13, no. 3 (November 7, 2018): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5bcf579b626d25.46570926.
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The level of labor productivity, being an indicator of the efficiency of production, characterizes the degree of competitiveness of the economy of the region, including the agrarian sector. Robust labor productivity assessments are needed to assess the efficiency and monitor the state of the industry. To assess the productivity of labor, various indicators are used: natural, value (gross, commodity and net products, profits). The estimation of labor productivity in agricultural enterprises of the Ulyanovsk region was carried out according to the system of indicators in the dynamics for 2012 - 2017. Analysis of labor productivity in the agrarian sector of the region has revealed a positive trend of its growth, both in the value dimension and in the natural one. There is an increase in gross income and profit per worker in the industry, a decrease in labor costs per unit of the main types of products (grain, milk). The analysis of productivity in the region’s industries can act as an element of regional diagnostics: this analysis gives an idea of the level of labor force efficiency, growth potential and potential return from ongoing activities, public policy.