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Journal articles on the topic 'Ground exposure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Baker, Donald J. "Ground Exposure of Composite Materials for Helicopters." Journal of the American Helicopter Society 33, no. 2 (1988): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/jahs.33.2.15.

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2

Rojo, Jesús, Jose Oteros, Rosa Pérez-Badia, et al. "Near-ground effect of height on pollen exposure." Environmental Research 174 (July 2019): 160–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2019.04.027.

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3

Kastenberg, William E., and H. C. Yeh. "Assessing Public Exposure to Pesticide-Contaminated Ground Water." Ground Water 31, no. 5 (1993): 746–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1993.tb00846.x.

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4

Kuo, Chao-Yin, Chia-Lien Hung, Hsin-Chien Chen, et al. "The Immediate and Long-Term Impact of Military Aircraft Noise on Hearing: A Cross-Sectional Comparison of Fighter Pilots and Ground Staff." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (2021): 2982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062982.

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We examined the immediate and long-term impacts of military aircraft noise exposure on noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in fighter pilots and ground staff. We recruited 40 pilots, 40 ground staff, and 136 age-matched controls; all participants underwent hearing tests, including conventional pure-tone audiometry (PTA) (0.25–8.0 kHz), extended high-frequency (EHF) audiometry (9.0–18.0 kHz), and distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) as a recent reference. A subsequent hearing test immediately after flight-mission noise exposure was requested. The results revealed higher recent hearing

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5

Paniagua-Sánchez, Jesús M., Christopher Marabel-Calderón, Francisco J. García-Cobos, Antonio Gordillo-Guerrero, Montaña Rufo-Pérez, and Antonio Jiménez-Barco. "RF Exposure Assessment by Drone-Based Technology." Applied Sciences 14, no. 22 (2024): 10203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app142210203.

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There is growing international interest in assessing population exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, especially those generated by mobile-phone base stations. The work presented here is an experimental study in which we assess exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in a university environment, where there is a site with mobile-phone antennas and where a large number of people live on a daily basis. The data were collected with a personal exposure meter in two samplings, one walking at ground level and the other using an aerial vehicle at a height higher than the buildi

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Xu, Han, Liang Haochen, and Jiayi Ma. "Unsupervised Multi-Exposure Image Fusion Breaking Exposure Limits via Contrastive Learning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 3 (2023): 3010–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i3.25404.

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This paper proposes an unsupervised multi-exposure image fusion (MEF) method via contrastive learning, termed as MEF-CL. It breaks exposure limits and performance bottleneck faced by existing methods. MEF-CL firstly designs similarity constraints to preserve contents in source images. It eliminates the need for ground truth (actually not exist and created artificially) and thus avoids negative impacts of inappropriate ground truth on performance and generalization. Moreover, we explore a latent feature space and apply contrastive learning in this space to guide fused image to approximate norma

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7

EBEL, E., W. SCHLOSSER, J. KAUSE, et al. "Draft Risk Assessment of the Public Health Impact of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Ground Beef." Journal of Food Protection 67, no. 9 (2004): 1991–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-67.9.1991.

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An assessment of the risk of illness associated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef was drafted in 2001. The exposure assessment considers farm, slaughter, and preparation factors that influence the likelihood of humans consuming ground beef servings containing E. coli O157:H7 and the number of cells in a contaminated serving. Apparent seasonal differences in prevalence of cattle infected with E. coli O157:H7 corresponded to seasonal differences in human exposure. The model predicts that on average 0.018% of servings consumed during June through September and 0.007% of servings consum

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8

Reber, Rolf, and Norbert Schwarz. "The hot fringes of consciousness." Consciousness & Emotion 2, no. 2 (2001): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ce.2.2.03reb.

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High figure-ground contrast usually results in more positive evaluations of visual stimuli. This may either reflect that high figure-ground contrast per se is a desirable attribute or that this attribute facilitates fluent processing. In the latter case, the influence of high figure-ground contrast should be most pronounced under short exposure times, that is, under conditions where the facilitative influence on perceptual fluency is most pronounced. Supporting this hypothesis, ratings of the prettiness of visual stimuli increased with figure-ground contrast under short exposure times (.3, 1,

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9

Chen, Ye Fan, Chao He Chen, Hong Wang, and Chuan Min Zhang. "Research on FRP-Reinforced Concrete Exposure Test." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 1177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.1177.

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The paper makes an analysis of the selected location and feasibility of the exposure test ground in the real marine environment, and the endurance test of the FRP- reinforced concrete built-up beam has been carried out on the exposure test ground. After 6 month and 12 month’s exposure test, the beams' mechanic performance and the chloride ion content in different depths have been determined. The results show that after the exposure test, the beams' ultimate capacity has been greatly decreased to a certain extent, and the FRP board can effectively prevent chloride from penetrating.

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10

Fuentes, Mariana M. P. B., Matthew H. Godfrey, Donna Shaver, et al. "Exposure of Marine Turtle Nesting Grounds to Named Storms Along the Continental USA." Remote Sensing 11, no. 24 (2019): 2996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11242996.

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Named storms can cause substantial impacts on the habitat and reproductive output of threatened species, such as marine turtles. To determine the impacts of named storms on marine turtles and inform management, it is necessary to determine the exposure of marine turtle nesting grounds to recent storm activities. To address this, remote sensing information of named storm tracks coupled with nesting ground data were used to investigate the temporal and spatial overlap between nesting grounds for four species of marine turtles in the continental United States of America. All species of marine tur

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11

Arimah, Arimah, Ratih Dewanti-Hariyadi, and Lilis Nuraida. "Estimasi Risiko Okratoksin A dari Konsumsi Kopi Bubuk di Indonesia." Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan 33, no. 2 (2022): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2022.33.2.100.

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Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a nephrotoxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin that can be found in coffee. This study aimed to obtain the processing steps commonly applied by coffee shops in Indonesia, calculate the level of OTA in coffee bean and ground coffee, and the risk estimate of OTA exposure from ground coffee in Indonesia. The processing steps were determined through an online survey while the level of OTA in coffee was calculated from available references. The consumption level of ground coffee was determined from the Indonesia total diet study report and the exposure assessment was carried out by

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12

Sorrell, Avery K., Jacob R. Smith, Kent L. Gee, Reese D. Rasband, Steven C. Campbell, and Alan T. Wall. "Assessing effect of ground reflections on gunshot noise exposure." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (2022): A161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015886.

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Investigation of weapons noise exposure outdoors necessitates including the impact of ground reflections. When analyzing the reflections’ impact on A-weighted equivalent level (LAeq), the contribution of the reflected waveform to the total level can often be acceptably modeled using a Friedlander equation-based source model and an ideal reflection based on the measurement geometry. However, the Friedlander model does not adequately model the negative phase of a gunshot waveform, making it inaccurate for locations where the waveform of the direct blast and the waveform of the reflection begin t

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13

Pröhl, G., and H. Müller. "Radiation exposure from radionuclides in ground water: an uncertainty analysis for selected exposure scenarios." Radiation and Environmental Biophysics 35, no. 3 (1996): 205–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004110050032.

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14

Smith, Jacob R., Avery K. Sorrell, Kent L. Gee, Reese D. Rasband, Steven C. Campbell, and Alan T. Wall. "Impact of ground reflections on firearms noise exposure metrics." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (2022): A219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0011111.

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Outdoor measurements of weapons noise exposure are influenced by ground reflections. This paper analyzes the reflections’ impact on A-weighted equivalent level (LAeq) for two measurement campaigns involving standing shooters and dozens of elevated microphones. Although it is only a marginally accurate model of a gunshot waveform, the modified Friedlander equation was used to model the direct and reflected muzzle blast waveforms over a perfectly reflective surface. The calculation of the reflection’s effect on LAeq indicates a 2–3 dB increase relative to the free-field contribution over a relat

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15

Rašić, Petra, Zoran Blažević, Dragan Poljak, and Maja Škiljo. "Human Exposure to Wireless Power Transmitter over Real Ground." Journal of Communications Software and Systems 20, no. 4 (2024): 340–49. https://doi.org/10.24138/jcomss-2024-0092.

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16

Wissmann, F., V. Dangendorf, and U. Schrewe. "Radiation exposure at ground level by secondary cosmic radiation." Radiation Measurements 39, no. 1 (2005): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2004.03.025.

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17

Mathew, Blessy, Vaishaly A. G, and Krishnamurthy N. B. "Health effects caused by metal contaminated ground water." International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research 1, no. 2 (2015): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7439/ijasr.v1i2.1798.

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The main threats to human health are associated with the exposure to heavy metals like lead, cadmium, zinc,manganese, copper, nickel, chromium, mercury and arsenic. Even though adverse health effect due to heavy metals is known, still exposure continues the same in most of the developing countries. Cadmium found in low concentration in rocks, coal, and petroleum, enters the groundwater and surface water through industrial discharge, metal painting by which it replaces the zinc biochemically in the body and causes high blood pressure, liver and kidney damage, and anemia. Cadmium emission is inc

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18

Singh, Tripti, and Dave Page. "Evaluation of Selected Accelerated Above-Ground Durability Testing Methods for Wood after Ten Years Exposure." Forests 11, no. 5 (2020): 559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11050559.

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Traditional benchmark wood durability testing methods such as stake tests take many years to give conclusive results, and in-ground tests do not always indicate the efficacy of preservatives in above-ground situations. To find test methods that would shorten the time required for wood evaluation for above-ground end uses, a series of different types of accelerated durability tests were set up. Five types of test: ground proximity, two types of decking, flat panels and double layer, were reassessed after ten years to determine whether the decay rankings given to the various types of preservativ

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19

Suhartana, Sona. "THE EFFECTS OF CONTROLLED SKIDDING TECHNIQUE ON RESIDUAL STAND DAMAGE AND GROUND EXPOSURE IN SWAMP FOREST LOGGING." Journal of Forestry Research 1, no. 1 (2004): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2004.1.1.1-6.

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The  case study was  carried  out at a swamp forest company  in Riau in 2001.   The  aim of the study  was to determine  the effect of controlled skidding technique  to residual  stand damage and ground  exposure. Data  collected  includes:  felled trees, poles,   trees with  the diameter 20 cm up, damaged poles, damaged  trees and ground  exposure.  The data was  analyzed with t-test.  The study showed  the following results: The  average of  residual stand  d

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20

Kasture, S., MS Nataraja, SS Mohapatra, and B. Sinha. "Hypoxia signature: A useful tool for hypoxia recognition among aircrew." Indian Journal of Aerospace Medicine 65 (November 8, 2021): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/ijasm_19_2021.

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Introduction: Hypoxia, often referred to as “silent killer,” a common aeromedical stressor in aviation, may have catastrophic events in-flight unless recognized well in time. On exposure to hypoxia, an individual manifests a specific spectrum of symptoms referred to as “hypoxia signature.” The present study was conducted to assess the manifestation of “hypoxia signature” on repeated exposure to simulated hypobaric hypoxia for its potential usage as a tool for hypoxia recognition. Material and Methods: Twenty-two healthy adult volunteers were subjected to a simulated altitude of 22,000 feet for

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21

Minahil, Athar. "Impact of Ground Level Ozone on Agricultural Crops." ALIF - Agri-Sciences Magazine 1, no. 1 (2022): 11–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7462006.

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Exposure to high ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) levels results in a significant reduction in crop yields in most crops. With the release of O<sub>3</sub> precursors rising in many parts of the world in the next few decades, declining yields from O<sub>3</sub> exposure appear to be likely to increase the challenges of feeding the global population predicted to grow and fulfill the need of population from 6 to 9 billion between 2000 and 2050. Ozone is not released directly into space. Instead, it was produced due to a complex chain reaction in the atmosphere, which involved the release of both nitrogen o

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22

Chen, Jing, and Ken Ford. "Estimation of population exposure to terrestrial gamma rays in Canada." Journal of Radiological Protection 42, no. 2 (2022): 021503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/ac4e12.

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Abstract Based on ground gamma ray spectrometry surveys conducted from 2007 to 2010 in populated areas across Canada (i.e. in southern Canada, excluding the northern territories), and with consideration of the exposure outdoors and indoors in various types of buildings as well as exposure to radionuclides in building materials (assuming most building materials are of local origin), the population-weighted annual effective dose from exposure to terrestrial gamma rays was estimated to be 167 ± 43 μSv. Under Canadian-specific average occupancy times, indoor exposures at home contribute 69% of the

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23

Vu, Bryan, Odón Sánchez, Jianzhao Bi, et al. "Developing an Advanced PM2.5 Exposure Model in Lima, Peru." Remote Sensing 11, no. 6 (2019): 641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11060641.

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It is well recognized that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) affects health adversely, yet few studies from South America have documented such associations due to the sparsity of PM2.5 measurements. Lima’s topography and aging vehicular fleet results in severe air pollution with limited amounts of monitors to effectively quantify PM2.5 levels for epidemiologic studies. We developed an advanced machine learning model to estimate daily PM2.5 concentrations at a 1 km2 spatial resolution in Lima, Peru from 2010 to 2016. We combined aerosol optical depth (AOD), meteorological fields from

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24

Levi, Adi, Gal Hagit Carasso Romano, and Zohar Barnett-Itzhaki. "Ground-Level Ozone Exposure and Type 2 Diabetes Incidence: An Ecological Study of Environmental and Social Determinants." Atmosphere 16, no. 5 (2025): 528. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16050528.

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Ambient air pollution causes 4.2 million premature deaths annually. Ozone (O3), a secondary pollutant, is prevalent in urban areas with high transportation/industrial emissions. Chronic exposure to ozone is associated with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and with metabolic disorders, such as type-2 diabetes (T2D). This study examined the relationship between chronic exposure to ground-level ozone, socioeconomic status, and T2D incidence. We found a significant positive correlation between ozone exposure and the T2D incidence in Israel’s urban population (municipalities with ≥20,000 res

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25

Tate, Brendan, Julia Carpenter, Rick Tinker, and Blake Orr. "COSMIC RADIATION EXPOSURE TO THE AUSTRALIAN PUBLIC." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 193, no. 2 (2021): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncab023.

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Abstract A component of natural background radiation is exposure to galactic cosmic radiation (GCR). Annual GCR doses to the Australian public at ground levels and at altitudes of commercial domestic and international flights were estimated using the cosmic radiation dose modelling tool CARI-6. The annual population weighted average dose to Australians from GCR was estimated to be 342 μSv, of which 14.7 μSv (5%) was from domestic travel, 30.7 μSv (10%) was from international travel and 297 μSv (85%) of the dose was received at ground level. This study showed that critical population groups tha

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26

Graf, Emma, Tatiana R. Eversley Kelso, James R. Dunne, Andrew King, and Brian Helmly. "Reducing Overall Radiation Exposure in Patients Sustaining Ground-Level Falls." American Surgeon 85, no. 8 (2019): 383–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481908500806.

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27

Zhou, Gongqi, and Suhong Liu. "Estimating ground fractional vegetation cover using the double-exposure method." International Journal of Remote Sensing 36, no. 24 (2015): 6085–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2015.1110638.

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28

Sanzari, J. K., A. Romero-Weaver, G. S. Krigsfeld, et al. "Ground-based microgravity and proton radiation exposure alters leukocyte activity." Journal of Radiation Research 55, suppl 1 (2014): i94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rrt218.

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29

Ksanfomality, Leonid V. "A Single Resolved Ground-Based Observation of Mercury." Highlights of Astronomy 12 (2002): 647–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1539299600014520.

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AbstractShort–exposure images of Mercury were recorded at the Abastumany astrophysical observatory. A single image, with low distortion, is shown and discussed with respect to Mariner 10 observations.

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30

Kainuma, Shigenobu, and Mu Ye Yang. "Corrosivity Evaluation of Steel Members near the Air-Liquid Interface Using a Ground Corrosion Sensor." Key Engineering Materials 774 (August 2018): 619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.774.619.

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In a previous study, the authors have developed a ground corrosion sensor to evaluate the corrosivity of steel members near the ground. This research aimed at the fundamental investigation of the output properties and practicality of a ground corrosion sensor. The output characteristics were verified by two electrochemical tests. The corrosion rates were evaluated using sensor measurements and indoor exposure tests by simulating NaCl aqueous solution environments, which contain air-liquid interfaces. Besides, the actual corrosion depths obtained from the exposure tests were compared with those

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31

Jol, Harry M., and Derald G. Smith. "Ground penetrating radar of northern lacustrine deltas." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 28, no. 12 (1991): 1939–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e91-175.

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Ground penetrating radar (GPR) was used in several selected deltaic sedimentary environments to better understand subsurface stratigraphy and reconstruct former depositional environments. The profiles provide high-resolution, continuous subsurface data on facies thickness and depths, orientation of major sedimentary structures, postdepositional failure planes, and depth of peat deposits.Field experiments were carried out on six river deltas. Records from four of the deltas exhibit sedimentary facies; a record from one delta shows a possible slump; and records from another delta reveal the thic

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32

Zhang, Yangjunna, John W. Schmidt, Terrance M. Arthur, Tommy L. Wheeler, Qi Zhang та Bing Wang. "A Farm-to-Fork Quantitative Microbial Exposure Assessment of β-Lactam-Resistant Escherichia coli among U.S. Beef Consumers". Microorganisms 10, № 3 (2022): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10030661.

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Integrated quantitative descriptions of the transmission of β-lactam-resistant Escherichia coli (BR-EC) from commercial beef products to consumers are not available. Here, a quantitative microbial exposure assessment model was established to simulate the fate of BR-EC in a farm-to-fork continuum and provide an estimate of BR-EC exposure among beef consumers in the U.S. The model compared the per-serving exposures from the consumption of intact beef cuts, non-intact beef cuts, and ground beef. Additionally, scenario analysis was performed to evaluate the relative contribution of antibiotic use

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33

Wanjala, F. O., N. O. Hashim, D. Otwoma, et al. "HUMAN EXPOSURE TO BACKGROUND RADIATION IN ORTUM, KENYA." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 188, no. 1 (2019): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncz264.

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Abstract The activity concentration of radionuclides 238U, 232Th and 40K in soil and the absorbed dose rate (ADRA) at 1 m above the ground in Ortum was determined. The activity concentration in soils ranged from 33 to 85, 20 to 67 and 148–1019 Bq kg–1, respectively with an average of 40 ± 1.43, 56 ± 1.46 and 425 ± 19.24 Bq kg–1, respectively. The activity concentration of 232Th and 238U was found to reduce with increasing depth while that of 40K increased with increasing depth. The average activity concentration in soil was higher than the world average values. The average ADRA in air at 1 m a

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34

Liu, Renshuai, Chengyang Li, Haitao Cao, Yinglin Zheng, Ming Zeng, and Xuan Cheng. "EMEF: Ensemble Multi-Exposure Image Fusion." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 2 (2023): 1710–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i2.25259.

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Although remarkable progress has been made in recent years, current multi-exposure image fusion (MEF) research is still bounded by the lack of real ground truth, objective evaluation function, and robust fusion strategy. In this paper, we study the MEF problem from a new perspective. We don’t utilize any synthesized ground truth, design any loss function, or develop any fusion strategy. Our proposed method EMEF takes advantage of the wisdom of multiple imperfect MEF contributors including both conventional and deep learning-based methods. Specifically, EMEF consists of two main stages: pre-tra

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Seleem, H. El_Din H., A. A. F. Shaheen, and I. M. Metwally. "Heat Enduring Cement-Glass Mortar." Advances in Structural Engineering 11, no. 5 (2008): 577–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/136943308786412014.

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The present work is an experimental investigation concerned with developing plastering cement mortar characterized by an enhanced heat endurance to act as a heat barrier to rather sensitive materials like Advanced Composite Materials (ACM). For this purpose, finely ground waste glass and finely ground granulated blast furnace slag were introduced into the mortar mixtures. A total of eleven mixtures were cast, each of which comprises six groups of mortar cubes. For all mixtures, compressive strength is evaluated at ages extending from one week to three months. After 28 days of water curing, the

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Lamy, Kévin, Marion Ranaivombola, Hassan Bencherif, et al. "Monitoring Solar Radiation UV Exposure in the Comoros." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (2021): 10475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910475.

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As part of the UV-Indien project, a station for measuring ultraviolet radiation and the cloud fraction was installed in December 2019 in Moroni, the capital of the Comoros, situated on the west coast of the island of Ngazidja. A ground measurement campaign was also carried out on 12 January 2020 during the ascent of Mount Karthala, located in the center of the island of Ngazidja. In addition, satellite estimates (Ozone Monitoring Instrument and TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument) and model outputs (Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service and Tropospheric Ultraviolet Model) were combined for

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Schumm, Walter R., Farrell J. Webb, Stephan R. Bollman, et al. "Predicting Self-Reported Exposure to Nerve Agents by Reserve Component Personnel during the First Persian Gulf War." Psychological Reports 94, no. 3 (2004): 989–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.94.3.989-992.

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Approximately 13% of 654 Reserve Component Gulf War veterans (18% women, 65% ground forces, between 24 and 61 years of age, average 40.2 yr.) surveyed in the Ohio Desert Storm Research Project reported that they had probably been exposed to nerve or mustard gas agents, while another 32% thought such exposures were possible. Reports of exposure were found, through ordinary least squares regression analysis, to be associated with membership in ground forces (Army/Marine Corps) ( b = .29), geographical location ( b = .17), ethnic minority status ( b = .07), education ( b = –.10), intrinsic religi

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38

Goulet, H. "Biodiversity of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Canadian agricultural soils." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 83, Special Issue (2003): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s01-061.

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In Canada, ground beetles (Carabidae) are abundant and diverse in agricultural ecosystems. Adults of all species are well characterized, but only 10% are known in the immature stages. In a typical agricultural site, one could find 40 to 60 species. While the ground beetle species composition consists mainly of native species in agriculture sites in the Prairie regions, a mixture of local and accidentally introduced species is the norm elsewhere. Although the diversity of introduced European species is not as great as that of native of ground beetles, the absolute number of European species may

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Reddy, Raju, Nupur Verma, and Tan-Lucien Mohammed. "A Rare Case of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis due to Florida Red Tide." Case Reports in Pulmonology 2019 (July 14, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1934695.

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Florida red tides occur annually due to proliferation of the marine dinoflagellate Karenia brevis, which produces neurotoxins known as brevotoxins. Inhalational exposure to brevotoxins usually results in upper airway symptoms only. Rarely does exposure lead to lower respiratory tract symptoms as in our case. We report a case of a 50-year-old man who presented with a 4-week history of dyspnea after exposure to the red tide. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest showed diffuse bilateral ground glass opacities and interstitial thickening. Bronchoalveolar lavage cultures and cytology were negative

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40

Shaddick, Gavin, James M. Salter, Vincent-Henri Peuch, et al. "Global Air Quality: An Inter-Disciplinary Approach to Exposure Assessment for Burden of Disease Analyses." Atmosphere 12, no. 1 (2020): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12010048.

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Global assessments of air quality and health require comprehensive estimates of the exposures to air pollution that are experienced by populations in every country. However, there are many countries in which measurements from ground-based monitoring are sparse or non-existent, with quality-control and representativeness providing additional challenges. While ground-based monitoring provides a far from complete picture of global air quality, there are other sources of information that provide comprehensive coverage across the globe. The World Health Organization developed the Data Integration M

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41

Pecaut, Michael J., Steven J. Simske, and Monika Fleshner. "Spaceflight induces changes in splenocyte subpopulations: effectiveness of ground-based models." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 279, no. 6 (2000): R2072—R2078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.6.r2072.

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Spaceflight produces changes in the immune system. The mechanisms for the alterations in immune function after spaceflight remain unclear due in part to the difficulties associated with conducting spaceflight research. The purpose of the following studies, therefore, was to create a ground-based protocol that can reproduce the immunological changes found after spaceflight, i.e., changes in splenic lymphocyte populations. Rats were exposed to either flight aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavor (STS-77) or ground-based simulations of various components of the spaceflight experience. The ground-based

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Nikolaeva, Elena I., Inna A. Kalabina, Tatyana K. Progackaya, and Evgeniya V. Ivanova. "Ground Rules for Preschooler Exposure to the Digital Environment: A Review of Studies." Psychology in Russia: State of the Art 16, no. 4 (2023): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.11621/pir.2023.0403.

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Background. The range of digital technologies that children use from an early age has expanded significantly. Most studies demonstrate that preschoolers now spend substantially longer on digital devices and start using them at a younger age. Finding a solution for this challenge has research merits and relevance, as the data on benefits and harm of early preschoolers’ exposure to digital devices is contradictory. This poses a need to determine theoretically sound and practically validated criteria that could guide the duration and quality of children’s exposure to the digital environment. Obje

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Balado Frias, Jesus, Lucía Díaz-Vilariño, Ernesto Frías, and Elena González. "Generation and Enrichment of Pedestrian Maps with Vertical Shadows in Urban Environments from Mobile Laser Scanning Data." Surveying and Geospatial Engineering Journal 1, no. 1 (2020): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.38094/sgej114.

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Cities are becoming more pedestrian-friendly, reducing traffic and promoting physical activity and walking. However, prolonged exposure to the sun can cause sunburn and skin problems, so minimizing exposure to the sun while travelling is especially relevant at certain latitudes and in the summer months. This paper proposes a method for modelling urban contours and generating pedestrian maps with the location of shaded areas and accessibility barriers. The proposed method uses as input data a point cloud of an urban environment acquired with Mobile Laser Scanning. First, the input point cloud i

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Balado Frias, Jesus, Lucía Díaz-Vilariño, Ernesto Frías, and Elena González. "Generation and Enrichment of Pedestrian Maps with Vertical Shadows in Urban Environments from Mobile Laser Scanning Data." Journal of Applied Science and Technology Trends 1, no. 4 (2020): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.38094/jastt14114.

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Cities are becoming more pedestrian-friendly, reducing traffic and promoting physical activity and walking. However, prolonged exposure to the sun can cause sunburn and skin problems, so minimizing exposure to the sun while travelling is especially relevant at certain latitudes and in the summer months. This paper proposes a method for modelling urban contours and generating pedestrian maps with the location of shaded areas and accessibility barriers. The proposed method uses as input data a point cloud of an urban environment acquired with Mobile Laser Scanning. First, the input point cloud i

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Berisford, C. W., M. J. Dalusky, P. B. Bush, J. W. Taylor Jr., and Y. C. Berisford. "Efficacy, persistence, ground deposition, and human exposure of polymer-encapsulated lindane and chlorpyrifos used for control of the southern pine beetle." Phytoprotection 72, no. 1 (2005): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705998ar.

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Formulations of lindane and chlorpyrifos were evaluated to determine if polymer encapsulation extended the duration of southern pine beetle (Dendroctonusfrontalis) control, reduced ground deposition, increased persistence on bark or reduced potential human exposure relative to emulsifiable concentrate formulations. Encapsulation did not extend efficacy or reduce ground deposition of either insecticide when compared with the standard emulsifiable formulations. Encapsulation extended residue persistence of chlorpyrifos on bark, but not of lindane. The potential risk of human exposure to bark whi

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Fernandez, S. George, K. Vijayakumar, R. Palanisamy, et al. "Unmanned and autonomous ground vehicle." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 5 (2019): 4466. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i5.pp4466-4472.

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Unmanned and Autonomous Ground Vehicle (UAGV) is a smart vehicle that capable of doing tasks without the need of human operator. The automated vehicle can work during off and on road navigation and also used in military operation such as detecting bombs, border patrol, carrying cargos, search, rescue etc reducing soldier’s exposure to danger, freeing them to perform other duties. This type of vehicle mainly uses sensors to observe the environment and automatically take decisions on its own in unpredictable situation and with unknown information or pass this information to the operator who cont

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S., George Fernandez, Vijayakumar K., Palanisamy R., et al. "Unmanned and autonomous ground vehicle." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 5 (2019): 4466–72. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i5.pp4466-4472.

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Unmanned and Autonomous Ground Vehicle (UAGV) is a smart vehicle that capable of doing tasks without the need of human operator. The automated vehicle can work during off and on road navigation and also used in military operation such as detecting bombs, border patrol, carrying cargos, search, rescue etc reducing soldier’s exposure to danger, freeing them to perform other duties. This type of vehicle mainly uses sensors to observe the environment and automatically take decisions on its own in unpredictable situation and with unknown information or pass this information to the operator wh

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Kwon, Hyungil, and Jae Eun Shin. "Effects of brand exposure time duration and frequency on image transfer in sport sponsorship." International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship 21, no. 1 (2019): 170–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsms-04-2019-0042.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the moderating effect of brand exposure time and exposure frequency in image transfer. In study 1, H1 and H2 assumed the bidirectional image transfer (i.e. from an event to a brand, from a brand to an event). H3 and H4 were set to examine the moderating effect of brand exposure time and exposure frequency in image transfer upon spreading activation theory, mere exposure effect and three-hit theory. Design/methodology/approach According to study 1, the result indicated that the amount of image transfer varied based on the exposure time. However, b

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Khalesi, M. R., C. Bazin, D. Hodouin, and S. Bellec. "Simulation of Gold Grain Exposure of Ground Ore Using Voronoi Tessellation." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 42, no. 23 (2009): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20091014-3-cl-4011.00009.

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Zeng Hairui, 曾海瑞, 孙华燕 Sun Huayan, 张廷华 Zhang Tinghua, and 杨彪 Yang Biao. "Analysis on Influence of Exposure Time in Ground-Based Photoelectric Detection." Acta Optica Sinica 38, no. 11 (2018): 1123001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos201838.1123001.

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