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Journal articles on the topic 'Ground leakage current'

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1

Migliazza, Giovanni, Emilio Lorenzani, Fabio Immovilli, and Giampaolo Buticchi. "Single-Phase Current Source Inverter with Reduced Ground Leakage Current for Photovoltaic Applications." Electronics 9, no. 10 (2020): 1618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9101618.

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Integrated power electronics for photovoltaic applications has attracted increasing interest, due to the possibility of having grid-connected photovoltaic modules with independent maximum power point tracking and high reliability. In this paper, a single-phase Current Source Inverter (CSI) is discussed for a photovoltaic application. The basic CSI topology will be explained for the sake of completeness, highlighting its main features and analyzing the ground leakage current problem, an important benchmark for photovoltaic application. A novel topology, called CSI5, is proposed in this work. Th
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2

Martinez-Rodriguez, Panfilo R., Gerardo Vazquez-Guzman, Gerardo O. Perez-Bustos, et al. "Analysis and Improved Behavior of a Single-Phase Transformerless PV Inverter." Machines 11, no. 12 (2023): 1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11121091.

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Transformerless inverters have an important role in the electrical energy market. The high-efficiency and reliable inverter concept is one of the most widely used inverters in single-phase photovoltaic systems because of its high efficiency, low cost, and reduced leakage ground current. However, the leakage ground current behavior depends on the power and weather conditions, which can increase the parasitic capacitance value, thus producing an increase in the leakage ground current magnitude. In this paper, it is proposed to add a passive inductive–capacitive output filter to the inverter stru
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3

Laisina, Luwis H. "LEAK CURRENT DETECTOR IN LOW VOLTAGE NETWORK (JTR) SYSTEM USING ZMPT101B SENSOR BASED ON THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT)." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Arts 2, no. 1 (2023): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47709/ijmdsa.v2i1.2301.

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Phase-to-ground leakage in low-voltage network systems can cause transformer damage due to overload. Overloading on transformers is not caused by customer usage but rather by wasted electrical energy to the ground which causes losses. If there is a current leakage, the potential difference between neutral and ground is measured to produce a voltage value. Considering that there is little written about transformer damage caused by current leakage to ground in low voltage network systems, in this research a tool is made that can detect current leakage to ground in low voltage network systems usi
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INOUE, Hiromu, and Hideki NINOMIYA. "Leakage Current and Ground Fault Indicators Using ECD." Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers 28, no. 4 (1992): 439–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.9746/sicetr1965.28.439.

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5

Mousavi, Navid, Tohid Rahimi, and Homayoun Meshgin Kelk. "Reduction EMI of BLDC Motor Drive Based on Software Analysis." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1497360.

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In the BLDC motor-drive system, the leakage current from a motor to a ground network and existence of high-frequency components of the DC link current are the most important factors that cause conducting interference. The leakage currents of the motors, flow through common ground, will interfere with other equipment because of the high density of electrical and electronic systems in the spacecraft and aircrafts. Moreover, generally there are common DC buses in the mentioned systems, which aggravate the problem. Function of the electric motor causes appearance of the high-frequency components i
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6

Mukherjee, Debasis, and B. V. R. Reddy. "Leakage Process and Minimization -Transistor Stacking Effect, Data Retention Gated Ground Cache, Drowsy Cache." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 4287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.4287.

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Leakage Current is found to be gradually increasing in CMOS VLSI circuits with advance of technologies, specially in nanometer range. Though area of a transistor is becoming less and lesser, but precious control over the operations of a transistor is not possible in such a small structure. Reductions of threshold voltage, channel length, and gate oxide thickness are responsible for generation of leakage current. In this paper we have reviewed eight types of leakage current present in CMOS VLSI circuits, namely 1. Reverse Bias pn Junction Current, 2. Sub-threshold Leakage, 3. Drain Induced Barr
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7

Choi, Woo-Young, and Min-Kwon Yang. "Transformerless Line-Interactive UPS With Low Ground Leakage Current." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 65, no. 12 (2018): 9468–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2815948.

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8

Lorenzani, Emilio, Giovanni Migliazza, Fabio Immovilli, Chris Gerada, He Zhang, and Giampaolo Buticchi. "Internal Current Return Path for Ground Leakage Current Mitigation in Current Source Inverters." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 96540–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929062.

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9

Sofwan, A., A. Multi, R. Soleman, Sugianto, and A. Kusuma Septian. "Leak Current Monitoring System On The Ground Cables Medium Voltage Transformer 150/20 kV." MATEC Web of Conferences 218 (2018): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821801008.

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On January, 2017 there had been fault trip at PMT 150/20 kV transformer in Jatirangon substation. For fault detection, that rele differential phase T and REF 20 kV have worked to detect this fault. The resulted impact of this fault is Power outage in feeder a 1350 A, 35 MW and 5 Mvar. The cause of this fault is the occurrence of breakdown on ground cables 20kV T-phase-core 1. This results in a short circuit to the ground so that the differential protection relay and REF 20kV work because the relay detects a fault in the ptotection zone. The result of this research is the design of an early det
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10

SINGH, RAGHVENDRA, and SHYAM AKASHE. "MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF LOW POWER 10 T FULL ADDER WITH REDUCED GROUND BOUNCE NOISE." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 23, no. 01 (2014): 1450005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126614500054.

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In the design of high performance complex arithmetic logic circuits, ground bounce noise, leakage current and leakage power are important and challenging issues in nanometer down scaling. In this paper, the low power and reduced ground bounce noise using 10 transistor full adder has been proposed. Full adder is the most important basic building of digital circuits employing arithmetic operation. Adder circuit is widely used in many digital circuits not only for arithmetic operation but also for address generation in processors and microcontrollers. It is therefore necessary to make these syste
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11

Gaafar, Mahmoud A., Mohamed Orabi, Ahmed Ibrahim, Ralph Kennel, and Mohamed Abdelrahem. "Common-Ground Photovoltaic Inverters for Leakage Current Mitigation: Comparative Review." Applied Sciences 11, no. 23 (2021): 11266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112311266.

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In photovoltaic systems, parasitic capacitance is often formed between PV panels and the ground. Because of the switching nature of PV converters, a high-frequency voltage is usually generated over these parasitic capacitances; this, in turn, can result in a common-mode current known as leakage current. This current can badly reach a high value if a resonance circuit is excited through the PV’s parasitic capacitance and the converter’s inductive components. Transformers are usually used for leakage current mitigation. However, this decreases the efficiency and increases the cost, size, and wei
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12

Szymański, Jerzy Ryszard, and Marta Żurek-Mortka. "Ground Leakage Current Caused by Common-Mode Voltage of PWM inverter." Journal of Civil Engineering and Transport 1, no. 1 (2020): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/tren.2019.002.

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In railway tractive vehicles, three-phase PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) inverters generate parasitic Differential-Mode Voltages (DMV) and Common-Mode Voltages (CMV). Parasitic voltages are a side effect of using the width modulation to shape the phase-to-phase inverter’s voltage. In this article, the authors present a mathematical description of the DM and CM voltages and carry out their spectral analysis. Based on the spectral harmonics analysis, the authors present a method for filtration of harmonics of DM and CM voltages aimed at limiting the capacitance parasitic currents: due to DM voltag
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13

Pattanaik, Manisha, Balwinder Raj, Shashikant Sharma, and Anjan Kumar. "Diode Based Trimode Multi-Threshold CMOS Technique for Ground Bounce Noise Reduction in Static CMOS Adders." Advanced Materials Research 548 (July 2012): 885–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.548.885.

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In this paper a high performance diode based trimode Multi-Threshold CMOS (MTCMOS) technique is introduced which minimizes standby leakage current and provides a better way to control the ground bounce noise during sleep to active mode transition using one additional mode i.e. hold mode. Analysis of trimode MTCMOS technique using low power 16-bit full adder has been done for reduction of standby leakage current and ground bounce noise. Further, to evaluate the effectiveness of diode based trimode Multi-Threshold CMOS technique, simulation has been done on low power 16-bit full adder circuit wi
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14

Mohd, Azhar Aina Suhailah, Maaspaliza Azri, Halim Wahidah Abd, Md Hairul Nizam Talib, Zulhani Rasin, and Mohd Fayzul Mohammed. "Hysteresis current control for single-phase transformerless inverter." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 14, no. 1 (2025): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp1-10.

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The total harmonic distortion (THD) of grid current and leakage current are significant for transformerless inverters, as they impact power quality, efficiency, and compliance with grid codes. Monitoring and minimizing these currents ensure safe and reliable grid integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems while reducing electromagnetic interference. Therefore, in this paper, the analysis THD of grid current and leakage current is described. The bipolar pulse width modulation (BPWM) technology provides a stable common-mode voltage (200 V), fewer leakage currents (< 30 mA), and better system ef
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15

Wang, Peng, Song Nan Wang, Ji Xin Chen, et al. "The Research and Application Based on Removable High-Precision DC Weak Current Sensor." Advanced Materials Research 893 (February 2014): 751–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.893.751.

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sensor used in DC ground fault detection system according to measurement method can be divided into low frequency AC signal detecting and DC signal detecting of leakage current . It greatly affect the accuracy of the earth fault signal because of the existence of capacitance in the detecting of low frequency AC signal and it doesnt have online measurement DC current sensor in the market when we want to measure load leakage current. Caliper DC ammeter cant meet the requirements in DC system ground fault diction in terms of resolution, accuracy, range, on-line installation and on-line measuremen
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16

Ko, Wan-Su, and Chung-Seog Choi. "Development and Safety Evaluation of Earth Leakage Alarm Breaker Equipped with Fire Current (IGR) Alarming Function." Fire Science and Engineering 34, no. 3 (2020): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.32b27a7f.

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The purpose of this study is to develop an earth leakage alarm circuit breaker, equipped with a leakage alarming function (JER-E2S, ETECKOREA Co., Korea), and to analyze its characteristics. The developed mechanism is exclusively used for single-phase and 220 V circuits, with a rated current of 32 A, 20 A, 20 A (for restrooms), 16 A, etc. It satisfies all characteristics of existing earth leakage circuit breakers (ELB). If a fire current, which is a resistive leakage current (Igr), flows through an electric line, the device detects the leakage current in real time and warns against the leakage
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17

Su, Li. "The topology-based approach to leakage current suppression on transformerless photovoltaic inverters." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2479, no. 1 (2023): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2479/1/012021.

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Abstract With the increase in demand for renewable energy, photovoltaic power generation is gradually becoming the most promising new energy source. However, the electrical connection of PV cells to the grid, and parasitic capacitance between the PV cell and the ground can introduce severe leakage currents into the grid. The scientific community has developed various topology-based techniques to suppress leakage currents. This paper is dedicated to a review of these techniques. Firstly the H5, HERIC, FB-DCBP, oH5, H8, and H6 are analyzed. These techniques are then reviewed more fully in terms
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18

Migliazza, Giovanni, Emilio Carfagna, Giampaolo Buticchi, Fabio Immovilli, and Emilio Lorenzani. "Effect of Semiconductor Parasitic Capacitances on Ground Leakage Current in Three-Phase Current Source Inverters." Energies 14, no. 21 (2021): 7364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217364.

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This paper investigates the influence of power semiconductor parasitic components on the ground leakage current in the three-phase Current Source Inverter topology, in the literature called H7 or CSI7. This topology allows reducing converter conduction losses with respect to the classic CSI, but at the same time makes the topology more susceptible to the parasitic capacitances of the semiconductors devices. In the present work, a grid-connected converter for photovoltaic power systems is considered as a case study, to investigate the equivalent circuit for ground leakage current. The same anal
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19

Lee, Kyung-Min, and Chul-Won Park. "Pole to Ground Fault Detection Using Leakage Current for DC Distribution System with IT ground." Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers 37, no. 6 (2023): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5207/jieie.2023.37.6.043.

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20

N. H. Khan, Md, Md T. Anowar, Md D. Hossen, Md M. Alam, and K. J. Ahmad. "PV-Transformer-Less Inverter Topology for Battery-Equivalent DC Supply from Leakage Current." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 5 (2016): 2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i5.10566.

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<p>Solar panels used for electricity generation have got inverters as their core components. Such inverters are made from switching devices coupled with additional circuit component configured in a transformer-less topology in recent reported works. A transformer-less topology suffers from the drawbacks of lack of isolation leading to leakage current flow from various points of it down to ground. The leakage in inverters might be troublesome as it may lead to loss in power, and may cause malfunctioning of analog devices normally used in power inverters. In this work, we identify possible
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21

N. H. Khan, Md, Md T. Anowar, Md D. Hossen, Md M. Alam, and K. J. Ahmad. "PV-Transformer-Less Inverter Topology for Battery-Equivalent DC Supply from Leakage Current." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 5 (2016): 2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i5.pp2025-2032.

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<p>Solar panels used for electricity generation have got inverters as their core components. Such inverters are made from switching devices coupled with additional circuit component configured in a transformer-less topology in recent reported works. A transformer-less topology suffers from the drawbacks of lack of isolation leading to leakage current flow from various points of it down to ground. The leakage in inverters might be troublesome as it may lead to loss in power, and may cause malfunctioning of analog devices normally used in power inverters. In this work, we identify possible
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22

Selmi, Tarek, and Maher Rezgui. "A Novel DC-AC Inverter Topology to Eliminate Leakage Current." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 9, no. 4 (2018): 1733. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v9.i4.pp1733-1744.

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Experiments confirmed that Transformerless Inverters (TIs) deliver more reliability and higher energy efficiency. Nonetheless, one of the shortcomings of TIs is the leakage current that occurs between the photovoltaic (PV) string terminals and the ground. Such a drawback is justified by the non-galvanic isolation caused by the transformer being omitted. As such, this study is intended to develop a novel TI inverter topology for solar PV systems. The latter is meant to remove the leakage current and enhance the operating system of the entire PV conversion as well. Added to its null zero-crossin
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23

Wang, Lei, Xinfang Zhang, Xiaoqing Han, Yu Ren, Baifu Zhang, and Peng Wang. "A Transformerless Converter with Common-Mode Decoupling in Low-Voltage Hybrid Grids." Processes 12, no. 3 (2024): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12030507.

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Compared with isolated converters, transformerless converters are a preferred choice in low-voltage grids due to their efficiency and lower cost. However, leakage current and common mode (CM) voltage appear through the converter and ground in hybrid grids, which consist of AC and DC subgrids. The leakage current and CM voltage seriously influence operation and power quality in low-voltage distribution systems. This paper proposes a common-ground-type (CGT) converter equipped with a CM decoupling control strategy to eliminate the leakage current and CM voltage. A CM model is derived, and the le
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24

Pakdel, M., and S. Jalilzadeh. "A Novel Neutral Point Clamped Full-Bridge Topology for Transformerless Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Inverters." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 7, no. 2 (2017): 1460–63. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.571278.

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This paper presents a novel neutral point clamped full-bridge topology for transformerless photovoltaic grid-tied inverters. Transformerless grid-connected inverters have been used widely in recent years since they offer higher efficiency and lower costs. Ground leakage current suppression is the main issue which should be considered carefully in transformerless photovoltaic grid-connected inverters. Among different methods used to decline ground leakage current, neutral point clamped (NPC) topologies are considered more useful and effective. In NPC topologies, the short-circuited output volta
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25

Sundar, D. John, and M. Senthil Kumaran. "Common mode behavior in grid connected DC and AC decoupled PV Inverter topologies." Archives of Electrical Engineering 65, no. 3 (2016): 481–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aee-2016-0035.

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Abstract The transformer-less grid connected inverters are gaining more popularity due to their high efficiency, very low ground leakage current and economic feasibility especially in photovoltaic systems. The major issue which surfaces these systems is that of common mode leakage current which arises due to the absence of an electrical transformer connected between the inverter and the utility grid. Several topologies have evolved to reduce the impact of common mode leakage current and a majority of them have succeeded in eliminating the impacts and have well kept them within the limits of gr
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26

Pakdel, M., and S. Jalilzadeh. "A Novel Neutral Point Clamped Full-Bridge Topology for Transformerless Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Inverters." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 7, no. 2 (2017): 1460–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.1010.

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This paper presents a novel neutral point clamped full-bridge topology for transformerless photovoltaic grid-tied inverters. Transformerless grid-connected inverters have been used widely in recent years since they offer higher efficiency and lower costs. Ground leakage current suppression is the main issue which should be considered carefully in transformerless photovoltaic grid-connected inverters. Among different methods used to decline ground leakage current, neutral point clamped (NPC) topologies are considered more useful and effective. In NPC topologies, the short-circuited output volta
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27

Mahtani, Kumar, Ricardo Granizo, José M. Guerrero, and Carlos A. Platero. "Detection of Faulty Energizations in High Voltage Direct Current Power Cables by Analyzing Leakage Currents." Electronics 13, no. 20 (2024): 4120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13204120.

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The use of multi-terminal high voltage direct current (HVDC) power transmission systems is being adopted in many new links between different generation and consumption areas due to their high efficiency. In these systems, cable energization must be performed at the rated voltage. Healthy energizations at the rated voltage result in large inrush currents, especially in long cables, primarily due to ground capacitance. State-of-the-art protection functions struggle to distinguish between transients caused by switching and those associated with ground faults, leading to potential unwanted trippin
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28

Chen, Qiong, Zhizhong Kang, Zhen Cao, et al. "Combining Cylindrical Voxel and Mask R-CNN for Automatic Detection of Water Leakages in Shield Tunnel Point Clouds." Remote Sensing 16, no. 5 (2024): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16050896.

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Water leakages can affect the safety and durability of shield tunnels, so rapid and accurate identification and diagnosis are urgently needed. However, current leakage detection methods are mostly based on mobile LiDAR data, making it challenging to detect leakage damage in both mobile and terrestrial LiDAR data simultaneously, and the detection results are not intuitive. Therefore, an integrated cylindrical voxel and Mask R-CNN method for water leakage inspection is presented in this paper. This method includes the following three steps: (1) a 3D cylindrical-voxel data organization structure
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29

Sitanggang, Adi Franata H., and Yuliyanto Agung Prabowo. "Perancangan Alat Monitoring Arus Bocor pada Kabel 20 kV Menggunakan Filter Kalman Berbasis Internet of Things." Elektrika 14, no. 2 (2022): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/elektrika.v14i2.4849.

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<p><em>One of the problems that often occurs in the use of ground cables is insulation failure. This condition can cause leakage current in the 20 kV cable on the secondary side of the transformer. The greater the value of the leakage current, the more heat will cause the insulation to worsen. If this condition is not handled immediately, it can lead to the opportunity for a short-circuit current between the phase and ground. Therefore, an Internet of Thing-based monitoring tool is needed that can determine the amount of leakage current contained in the 20 kV cable on the secondary
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30

Despotović, Željko V., and Miodrag Vuković. "Detection and Control of Leakage Current of PV Inverters." Energija, ekonomija, ekologija XXVI, no. 2 (2024): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/eee24-2.38d.

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The leakage current in photovoltaic (PV) systems, which is also known as residual current is a consequence of the parasitic capacitance between the PV and the ground (free-field PV plants) or the PV system and the structure of the object that is grounded (roof-top PV plants). When the PV system-power grid parasitic capacitance forms a loop, the common mode voltage will produce a common mode current across the parasitic capacitance. The motivation for writing this short study came from practice where the authors faced the mentioned problem on a specific PV power plant with an output power of 50
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31

Abdul Latiff, Nurul Ain, Hazlee Azil Illias, Ab Halim Abu Bakar, Syahirah Abd Halim, and Sameh Ziad Dabbak. "Design technique for leakage current reduction in surge arrester using gravitational search algorithm and imperialist competitive algorithm." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 37, no. 1 (2018): 357–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-03-2017-0116.

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Purpose Leakage current is one of the factors, which can contribute towards degradation of surge arresters. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to study on leakage current within surge arresters and improvement on their design. Design/methodology/approach In this work, a three-dimensional model geometry of 11 kV zinc oxide surge arrester was designed in finite element analysis and was applied to calculate the leakage current under normal operating condition and being verified with measurement results. The optimisation methods were used to improve the arrester design by minimising the leakage cu
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32

Tu, Jian, Zhen Hui Huang, and Zhen Juan Huang. "Study on the Sensitivity of Selective Leakage Protection of Different Ground of Grid." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 2426–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.2426.

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In view of the current direct supply situation of our coal mines high voltage distribution networks commonly used 6kV or 10kV electric cables,on the base of describing mechanism of three different neutral point grounded of underground high voltage distribution networks,detailed analysising three different grounded way of high-voltage power grid parameter sensitivity of leakage protection. The results show that, mine the sensitivity of the high-voltage grid leakage protection and start zero-sequence voltage have a great relationship, the greater the zero-sequence voltage setting value, the devi
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33

Khan, M. N. H., K. J. Ahmad, S. Khan, and M. Hasanuzzaman. "Leakage Current Paths in PV Transformer-Less Single-Phase Inverter Topology and Its Mitigation through PWM for Switching." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 6, no. 1 (2015): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v6.i1.pp148-159.

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<p>The Photovoltaic (PV) is a part and parcel and well known for cost-effective and easy to operatefeatures when it is used with transformer-less inverter-based grid-tied distribution generation systems. It reduces the leakage current issue that actually occurs making paths from PV penal to ground. In this paper has been addressed this issue as main problem for reducing leakage current. Moreover, here iscompared the proposed topology’s results to AC and DC-based transformer-less topologies. The possibilities of larger number of leakage current paths indicatepower loss, which is the focus
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Al-Mamoori, Dalya Hamzah, Naziha Ahmad Azli, Shahrin Md Ayob, and Ali A. Abdullah Albakry. "A multilevel boost inverter with removed leakage current and a reduced number of elements for photovoltaic applications." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 15, no. 1 (2024): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v15.i1.pp312-322.

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Recent research has concerted on transformer-less multilevel inverters (TL-MLIs) due to their high-voltage or high-power capacity for converting the low-voltage output of renewable energy sources to the desired output. Moreover, they yield higher efficiency, lower cost and size than the conventional type. However, these inverters usually suffer from leakage current. The proposed inverter attempts to accommodate this concern to the greatest extent feasible. The proposed inverter structure exhibits a common ground between the input and output ports. Due to this, the total common mode voltage (CM
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35

P.Kamalakar. "Grid Connected PV Wind System with Implementation." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 1, no. 6 (2017): 339–41. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd2518.

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Renewable energy sources are getting more and more widespread, mainly due to the fact that they generate energy by keeping the environment clean. Most of these systems have an isolation transformer included, which if excluded from the system would increase the efficiency and decrease the size of PV installations, furthermore it would lead to a lower cost for the whole investment. For safety reasons grid connected PV systems include galvanic isolation. In case of transformerless inverters, the leakage ground current through the parasitic capacitance of the PV panels, can reach very high values.
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36

MUSSA AL-MAMOORI, DALYA HAMZAH, Shahrin Md Ayob, Ali A. Abdullah Albakry, and Razman Ayop. "A Five-Level Common-Ground Inverter with Dynamic Voltage Boost and Fewer Elements for Photovoltaic Applications." ELEKTRIKA- Journal of Electrical Engineering 23, no. 2 (2024): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/elektrika.v23n2.516.

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Transformer-less multilevel inverters (TL-MLIs) are the subject of recent research due to their high-voltage or high-power capacity to convert low-voltage output from renewable energy sources into the desired output. They are also less expensive and smaller than traditional varieties. Nevertheless, leakage current is a common problem with these inverters. The proposed inverter aims to address this issue to the maximum extent possible. In the proposed inverter structure, there is a common ground for the input and output terminals. As a result, the overall common mode voltage (CMV) remains const
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Venkatesan, Rattan Kumar, and Chitra Lakshmikanthan. "Five-level transformerless inverter with reduced voltage stress on components." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 15, no. 4 (2024): 2357–66. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v15.i4.pp2357-2366.

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Leakage current flow is an important issue of transformerless (TL) inverters due to the absence of galvanic isolation between the source and grid sides in grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. This article proposes a five-level (5L) TL direct ground point (DGP) type inverter employing two switched capacitors (SCs). The DGP configuration shares a common ground point for the PV negative terminal with grid neutral, thereby completely suppressing the leakage current. The employed semiconductors endure maximum voltage stress equivalent to the input voltage, while the switched capacitors (
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Sitthiphol, Nopphadol, Chatchai Sirisamphanwong, Nipon Ketjoy, and Kobsak Sriprapha. "Insulation Resistance and Leakage Current in PV Modules and Strings with Different Grounding Configurations." Applied Mechanics and Materials 839 (June 2016): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.839.114.

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Thailand is located in the tropical zone dominated by monsoons for more than six months in a year. These climatic conditions illustrate elevated relative humidity and temperature that contributes to Potential Induced Degradation (PID). Humidity has been reported to be potential cause of degradation in the systems with high voltages. Moisture helps leakage currents in passing through laminate permeation and back sheet from cell to ground frame. The PID occure in PV systems when connected in series using DC voltages of high orders. This research shows comparisons of both PV systems, with negativ
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SHAKIL, D. JAMADAR, SHRAVANKUMAR AKIREDDY, and ANITHA CHIRRA. "A NOVEL LOGIC TO STATOR SINGLE PHASE - TO - GROUND FAULT FOR POWER-FORMER." JournalNX - A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal 3, no. 3 (2017): 53–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1462659.

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The stator single-phase to ground fault is one of the most common fault that a Generator will suffer. If such fault is neglected then there are chances of converting it into phase to phase fault. So there is need to detect and isolate the faulty part from the rest of the system as early as possible. Because of this, protection is very important otherwise there is shortage of power in our system. The proposed approach detects the ground fault by analyzing the direction, magnitude, and energy of leakage current, which is the difference of zero-sequence current fault component between the neutral
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INTACHOT, Terdsak, Nontawat CHULADAYCHA, Yothin PREMPRANEERACH, and Shuichi NITTA. "A Current Mode Analysis on Ground Leakage Current Noise Generation in Unbalanced and Balanced Switching Converters." IEICE Transactions on Communications E93-B, no. 8 (2010): 2142–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transcom.e93.b.2142.

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Kołodziejski, Wojciech, Jacek Jasielski, Stanisław W. Kuta, Grzegorz Szerszeń, and Witold Machowski. "Review and comparison of methods for limiting leakage currents in single-phase transformerless PV inverter topologies." Science, Technology and Innovation 16, no. 3-4 (2023): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.55225/sti.477.

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Transformerless inverters are widely used in different photovoltaic nonisolated ac module applications, mainly in grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) generation systems, due to the benefits of achieving high efficiency over a wide load range, and low cost. Various transformerless inverter topologies have been proposed to meet the safety requirement of low ground leakage currents, such as specified in the VDE-4105 standard and low-output ac-current distortion. Topology modifications of transformerless full bridge inverters are designed to balance and maintain a constant common mode output voltage, ther
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Jiang, Yue. "Comprehensive analysis of current mitigation strategies for non-isolated photovoltaic inverter." Applied and Computational Engineering 11, no. 1 (2023): 8–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/11/20230198.

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Out of consideration for sustainable development, photovoltaic power generation system has become a hot research issue in the future energy strategy due to its significant cleanliness and reproducibility. Meanwhile, playing an important role in connecting the PV cell and the grid, the non-isolated photovoltaic inverter not only has the ability to convert energy with great efficiency but also with low loss and cost. In that case, the non-isolated inverter is widely used in the production. However, the leakage current is a big challenge that should be addressed with caution. This paper focuses o
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Hedayati, Mohammad Hassan, and Vinod John. "EMI and ground leakage current reduction in single‐phase grid‐connected power converter." IET Power Electronics 10, no. 8 (2017): 938–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2016.0568.

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Vazquez-Guzman, Gerardo, Panfilo R. Martinez-Rodriguez, Jose M. Sosa-Zuñiga, et al. "Hybrid PWM Techniques for a DCM-232 Three-Phase Transformerless Inverter with Reduced Leakage Ground Current." Micromachines 13, no. 1 (2021): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13010036.

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Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) strategies are crucial for controlling DC–AC power converters. In particular, transformerless inverters require specific PWM techniques to improve efficiency and to deal with leakage ground current issues. In this paper, three hybrid PWM methods are proposed for a DCM-232 three-phase topology. These methods are based on the concepts of carrier-based PWM and space vector modulation. Calculations of time intervals for active and null vectors are performed in a conventional way, and the resulting waveforms are compared with a carrier signal. The digital signals obtain
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Jahan, Hossein Khoun, Naser Vosoughi Kurdkandi, Mehdi Abapour, et al. "Common-Ground-Type Single-Source High Step-Up Cascaded Multilevel Inverter for Transformerless PV Applications." Mathematics 8, no. 10 (2020): 1716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8101716.

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The cascaded multilevel inverter (CMI) is one type of common inverter in industrial applications. This type of inverter can be synthesized either as a symmetric configuration with several identical H-bridge (HB) cells or as an asymmetric configuration with non-identical HB cells. In photovoltaic (PV) applications with the CMI, the PV modules can be used to replace the isolated dc sources; however, this brings inter-module leakage currents. To tackle the issue, the single-source CMI is preferred. Furthermore, in a grid-tied PV system, the main constraint is the capacitive leakage current. This
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Raikwal, P., V. Neema, and A. Verma. "A New 8T SRAM Circuit with Low Leakage and High Data Stability Idle Mode at 70nm Technology." Oriental journal of computer science and technology 10, no. 1 (2017): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojcst/10.01.12.

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Memory has been facing several problems in which the leakage current is the most severe. Many techniques have been proposed to withstand leakage control such as power gating and ground gating. In this paper a new 8T SRAM cell, which adopts a single bit line scheme has been proposed to limit the leakage current as well as to gain high hold static noise margin. The proposed cell with low threshold voltage, high threshold voltage and dual threshold voltage are used to effectively reduce leakage current, and delay. Additionally, the comparison has been performed between conventional 6T SRAM cell a
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Patrao, Iván, Marian Liberos, Raúl González-Medina, Enric Torán, Emilio Figueres, and Gabriel Garcerá. "Small-Signal Model of the NPC + GCC Multilevel Transformerless Inverter in Single-Phase Photovoltaic Power Systems." Electronics 12, no. 17 (2023): 3545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12173545.

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Photovoltaic transformerless inverters are very efficient and economical options for solar-power generation. The absence of the isolation transformer improves the converters’ efficiency, but high-frequency voltage to ground can appear in the photovoltaic string poles. The high capacitance to ground of the photovoltaic generator leads to undesirable high-leakage currents. Using half-bridge topologies dramatically reduces the leakage to ground, and using a multilevel half-bridge inverters improves the output quality compared with classical inverters. The neutral point clamped + generation contro
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Essam, Hendawi. "A high performance grid connected PV system based on HERIC transformerless inverter." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 20, no. 2 (2020): 602–12. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp602-612.

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This paper presents an effective single phase grid connected photovoltaic PV system based on High Efficiency and Reliable Inverter Concept HERIC transformerless inverter. dc-dc boost converter controlled by incremental conductance IC maximum power point tracker MPPT is employed to achieve the maximum extraction power of the PV panels. Proportional integral PI controller controls the output voltage of the boost converter to meet the utility grid requirements. LCL filter is utilized to keep the inverter voltage very close to sinusoidal shape. Employing the HERIC transformerless inverter reduces
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Dobrynin, E. V., K. V. Bogdanova, and E. M. Plokhov. "Evaluation of the heterogeneity impact of a traction network on operation of control system parameters of movement of electric rolling stocks." Transport of the Urals, no. 2 (2023): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/1815-9400-2023-2-108-112.

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A system for monitoring the parameters of a traction power supply system, consisting of current and voltage sensors installed in the inter-substation area, is considered. The impact of the inhomogeneity of a contact suspension and leakage of currents from the rail to the ground on the accuracy of determining parameters such as current consumption, voltage on a current collector and the coordinate of electric rolling stock is evaluated. The peculiar features of the monitoring system operation in the conditions of heterogeneity of the traction network are revealed, a solution is proposed to redu
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SHRIVAS, JAYRAM, SHYAM AKASHE, and NITESH TIWARI. "A HIGH-LEVEL TECHNIQUE FOR ESTIMATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF LEAKAGE POWER FOR FULL ADDER." International Journal of Nanoscience 12, no. 02 (2013): 1350011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x13500117.

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Optimization of power is a very important issue in low-voltage and low-power application. In this paper, we have proposed power gating technique to reduce leakage current and leakage power of one-bit full adder. In this power gating technique, we use two sleep transistors i.e., PMOS and NMOS. PMOS sleep transistor is inserted between power supply and pull up network. And NMOS sleep transistor is inserted between pull down network and ground terminal. These sleep transistors (PMOS and NMOS) are turned on when the circuit is working in active mode. And sleep transistors (PMOS and NMOS) are turne
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