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Journal articles on the topic 'Ground transportation systems and equipment'
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1
Akay, A. E., and B. Yılmaz. "USING GIS AND AHP FOR PLANNING PRIMER TRANSPORTATION OF FOREST PRODUCTS." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-4/W4 (November 13, 2017): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-4-w4-19-2017.
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Primer transportation is one of the most costly and time consuming forestry activities in extraction of timber from forest lands. Transportation methods are essentially determined based on terrain characteristics, especially ground slope. Besides, unsuitable machine selection and unplanned operations may cause ecological damages such as soil disturbance. Soil damage can lead to long term impacts on forest ecosystem. Thus, the optimum transportation methods should be determined by considering not only economic factors but also topographical factors and soil conditions. In recent decades, some of the advanced features of Geographical Information System (GIS) assist decision makers to solve such complex transportation problems with various constraints. In this study, it was aimed to plan forest transportation operation by using GIS integrated Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, considering ground slope, soil type, and available transportation equipment in the region. This method was implemented within the border of İnegöl Forest Enterprise Chief in the city of Bursa in Turkey. Alternative transportation method included cable system, chute system, skidder, and farm tractor. GIS-based method integrated with AHP found that skidder was the optimal transportation method for about 60% of the study area, while farm tractor was the second most suitable method with 25% ground cover. The results indicated that GIS-based decision support systems can be effectively used as rational, quick, and economic tool for forest transportation planning.
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Zhang, Ye, Yatao Wang, Lin Wang, and Guoqiang Cai. "An Extended Object-Oriented Petri Net Model for Vulnerability Evaluation of Communication-Based Train Control System." Symmetry 12, no. 9 (September 8, 2020): 1474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12091474.
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Communication-based train control systems (CBTCs) have been widely used as crucial systems in urban rail transit networks. CBTCs typically utizes different levels of symmetry structure according to different geographic deployments. While, in practice, CBTCs crashes have destroyed the transportation systems of the whole city level for many times. Based on the extended object-oriented Petri net (EOOPN), this paper proposes a vulnerability model and an evaluation procedure, which are capable of considering the vulnerability factors in both inner system level and equipment level. On the system level, it establishes a complex dynamic communication structure model among the distributed subsystems, while on the equipment level, it details the equipment changing state during train operation. The searching algorithm of EOOPN depicts possible failed paths of CBTCs via the token transition among train¬–ground communication EOOPN subnets. The vulnerability calculation is applied to the metro company’s in situ CBTCs to illustrate the effectiveness of the approach.
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Ku, SungKwan, Hojong Baik, and Taehyoung Kim. "Analysis of surveillance position error for airfield detection." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 90, no. 6 (September 3, 2018): 962–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-09-2017-0207.
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Purpose The surveillance equipment is one of the most important parts for current air traffic control systems. It provides aircraft position and other relevant information including flight parameters. However, the existing surveillance equipment has certain position errors between true and detected positions. Operators must understand and account for the characteristics on magnitude and frequency of the position errors in the surveillance systems because these errors can influence the safety of aircraft operation. This study aims to develop the simulation model for analysis of these surveillance position errors to improve the safety of aircrafts in airports. Design/methodology/approach This study investigates the characterization of the position errors observed in airport surface detection equipment of an airport ground surveillance system and proposes a practical method to numerically reproduce the characteristics of the errors. Findings The proposed approach represents position errors more accurately than an alternative simple approach. This study also discusses the application of the computational results in a microscopic simulation modeling environment. Practical implications The surveillance error is analyzed from the radar trajectory data, and a random generator is configured to implement these data. These data are used in the air transportation simulation through an application programing interface, which can be applied to the aircraft trajectory data in the simulation. Subsequently, additionally built environment data are used in the actual simulation to obtain the results from the simulation engine. Originality/value The presented surveillance error analysis and simulation with its implementation plan are expected to be useful for air transportation safety simulations.
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Tang, Ai Ping, Lian Fa Wang, and Ai Hua Wen. "Main Transportation System Earthquake Damages due to Slope Failure and near Fault Effection in 8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 1659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.1659.
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A Ms=8.0 earthquake striked the most of the China on May 12th, 2008, and brought about near 90,000 deaths and about 700 billion dollars of direct economic losses. This earthquake impacted all kind of transportation system including highway, railway, airline and water carriage systems in a huge area. This paper provides many records of observed damage to transportation system by site investigation. The seismic performances related to transportation system in meizoseismal zonation were described in details in this paper. Occurring in a mountainous region, this earthquake severely damaged the transportation system because of strong earthquake motion, near the active faults, trigged landslides and debris, rock and soil collapses, and large ground deformation. Transportation system performance degradation was due to not only physical damages of equipments and buildings, but also the shortage of the electric powers and supporting from other lifeline systems. some statitical laws among transportation system , slope failure and fault distance, and some valuable measures for resisting strong earthquake motion, secondary earthquake-induced geological disaster and lessons learned for damage prevention and system recovery to lifeline system were also discussed in this paper.
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Belart, Francisca, John Sessions, Ben Leshchinsky, and Glen Murphy. "Economic implications of moisture content and logging system in forest harvest residue delivery for energy production: a case study." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 47, no. 4 (April 2017): 458–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2016-0428.
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The need for improving the cost effectiveness of forest harvest residue utilization for bioenergy production has been widely recognized. A number of studies show that reducing residue moisture content presents advantages for transportation and energy content. However, previous research has not focused on the relative advantages of in-forest drying depending on the residue characteristics from different logging systems, comminution, and equipment mobilization. Residue drying curves were developed using finite element analysis for two primary Pacific Northwest logging systems. These curves were applied to a case study in Oregon in which mixed integer mathematical programming was used to optimize residue delivery to a hypothetical co-generation plant with a generating capacity of 6 megawatt-hours (MWh). Assuming that rear-steered trailers can access cable logging units, approximately 98% of the harvest residue generated by cable logging was delivered to the plant, compared with only 56% of residue generated with a ground-based system, mainly because collection costs incurred with ground-based system residues exceed cost benefits of drier material. By considering the energy content of drier residues, the amount of oven-dried metric tonnes (ODMT) needed to supply the plant can be reduced by 16% without affecting the energy output over a 24-month planning horizon. Lower ODMT demand and shifting to drier material decreases the overall production cost by 20.4%.
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Nakamura, Hideo, Jia Sun, Sei Takahashi, and Masanori Yamamoto. "Development of Advanced Train Control System in Japan and its Energy Saving Effect." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 1326–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.1326.
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Railways are an energy-efficient mode of transportation. Even so, efforts are being made to attain even further energy savings. The latest train-car model of the Shinkansen bullet train, while achieving enriched functionality and improved performance, has attained a 49% energy reduction compared with the 0-series Shinkansen train-cars that debuted at the start of Shinkansen's operation. Also, in the underlying train control system, technologies that will lead to energy reduction have been developed. In order to achieve further energy savings and higher-performance train control, we are developing a new train control system known as Automatic Train Protection and Block System (sometimes referred to ATP-Block system here). This new control system produces a high energy-saving effect compared with conventional signal systems based on ground equipment. We believe that realization of low-cost, highly functional energy-saving Railways will bring back users of automobiles and airlines to Railways, contributing to global energy saving and helping to prevent environmental destruction.
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Garren, Austin M., M. Chad Bolding, W. Michael Aust, Angelo C. Moura, and Scott M. Barrett. "Soil Disturbance Effects from Tethered Forwarding on Steep Slopes in Brazilian Eucalyptus Plantations." Forests 10, no. 9 (August 22, 2019): 721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10090721.
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Traditional timber harvests on steep slopes have been conducted through labor-intensive and sometimes environmentally impactful methods, such as manual felling with chainsaws and extraction using bladed skid trails, winching, or cable yarding. Ground-based mechanized harvesting and primary transportation methods such as cut-to-length harvesters and forwarders have emerged in some parts of the world as low-impact, safe, and efficient alternatives to the aforementioned systems. However, when mechanized operations are used on steep terrain, problems such as poor stability, loss of traction, and increased soil disturbance can occur. Tethered or winch-assisted logging practices are being tested and applied in several countries to adapt to challenges associated with operating equipment on steep slopes while minimizing environmental impact. To better understand the feasibility of these systems, we conducted a designed experiment to quantify changes in soil properties and predicted erosion resulting from varying numbers of passes and payload levels by a forwarder operating on slopes ranging from 27 to 38 degrees. The machine was equipped with two different track configurations, tethered by either a machine-mounted or self-contained winch, in eucalyptus plantations in Brazil. On low slopes, bulk density significantly increased, but it did not increase on steeper slopes; this demonstrates traction winches’ effectiveness at reducing concentrated ground pressures. Rut depths were minimal and decreased with increasing slope classes due to reduced track slippage. Predicted erosion rates were high, primarily due to the extremely steep, long slopes and lack of adequate cover in some portions of the trail, illustrating the importance of proper erosion management practices on steep slopes.
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Shen, Tuo, and Haifeng Song. "A New Movement Authority Based on Vehicle-Centric Communication." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7451361.
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The communication system that is presently applied in the European Train Control System can only support data exchange between vehicles and ground, but the direct vehicle-to-vehicle communication is not available. The details of interlocking information and other vehicles’ movements are invisible to drivers who are the last defense to prevent unsafe scenarios. As connected vehicles have been envisioned to enhance transportation efficiency and improve safety, the direct vehicle-to-vehicle communication network is involved in this paper to increase the safety of railway transport. In this paper, a new train movement authority (MA+) is proposed. Apart from a wireless communication unit, this system does not require any other infrastructure. With the assistance of vehicle-centric communication technology, MA+ can detect the condition of switches and trains within a certain scope. In this paper, the system structure of MA+ is proposed. Additionally, different implementation scenarios are also discussed. The detection range is estimated and validated based on mathematical calculation and experimental equations. An application demo of MA+ is presented on the Driver Machine Interface of the onboard equipment. The results indicate that MA+ can be a flexible and scalable system for furthering the improvement of railway safety.
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Jessen, Knud. "Coordination at the Scene of the Accident." Journal of the World Association for Emergency and Disaster Medicine 1, no. 2 (1985): 104–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00065109.
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Endeavors to expand the flight safety programs into the ground safety response to an aircraft disaster have over the last decade involved many flight safety foundations, aviation organizations, pilot associations, and emergency medical societies. Much work has been done to upgrade airport emergency planning and many data from reports concerning airport disaster drills and crashes have been collected.The goals of an airport disaster plan include the care, treatment and transportation of the wounded with a quality and quantity of care that minimizes the mortality and morbidity of the survivors of the crash. This simple but ambitious challenge is only accomplished by proper pre-planning and management which depends on the quality of the overall plan, the communication systems, the initial life support and resuscitation, the medical equipment, the patient handling and transportation, and the hospital system. According to a variety of reports from many parts of the world, this concept has, however, been difficult to teach, mainly because of insufficient co-ordination in planning, as well as at the scene of the accident.At Copenhagen Airport — one of the major airports in the northern part of Europe — it was recently decided to have an airport disaster drill. But instead of a “push-button” test it was decided that an executive committee with members from the police, fire brigade, local airport authorities, flight safety council, pilots association, and the medical field should begin the drill by analyzing the topics which are known and expected to be at risk in the overall efficiency.
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Novaro Mascarello, Laura, and Fulvia Quagliotti. "The civil use of small unmanned aerial systems (sUASs): operational and safety challenges." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 89, no. 5 (September 4, 2017): 703–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-01-2017-0014.
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Purpose In the past decades, both civil and military applications of small unmanned aerial systems (sUASs) have been on the rise. The sUASs guarantee the performance of dangerous, dull, duly and dirty missions, according to the 4D rule. The purpose of this study is to describe, some ethical, operational and safety challenges occur owing to the use of sUASs at over-crowded areas or in emergency scenarios. After an overview of the current sUAS regulations, some strategic configuration elements will be analysed to improve these systems and to define safe and inoffensive sUASs. Nevertheless, some problems have not been completely overcome. Design/methodology/approach The unmanned vehicles are nowadays applied for different kinds of applications. Search and rescue (S&R) missions; terrain surveillance and monitoring after natural disasters, such as earthquakes and landslides; and transportation of medical equipment and cartography are some examples of the most renowned and important civil missions of sUAS. In all these scenarios, some challenges could be encountered. First, the use of sUASs could compromise the privacy of unaware citizens who are in the area of application. Moreover, even if the unmanned vehicle works according to national and international regulations, there are some hazards both for the ground operators and for the population, because these sUASs could impact the human body after a flight failure. Findings In this paper, current principal regulations will be analysed, identifying some differences and discrepancies among them. Moreover, some considerations about the configuration elements are introduced to define the safe use of sUASs. Nevertheless, the privacy challenge is quite complicated to be overcome definitely. Originality/value Considering some challenges related to the civil applications of sUASs, new unmanned configurations could be developed to guarantee safety and data protection of unaware people.
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Hall, Christopher J., and Leonard Zabilansky. "Responding to Oil Spills Under Ice: Alaska Clean Seas' Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) Training Course." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2014, no. 1 (May 1, 2014): 300320. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2014-1-300320.1.
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The Alaska North Slope region is a demanding operating environment for oil exploration, production and transportation operations. The Arctic Ocean remains frozen for an average of nine months of the year, with only a limited open-water season in the summer. There are long periods of darkness, extremely harsh weather conditions, remote installations and limited infrastructure. As Arctic oil exploration, production and transportation activities expand, there is growing concern about the ability of public and private sector response organizations to effectively clean up oil spills under ice. Alaska Clean Seas (ACS) is the Alaska North Slope oil spill response cooperative based in Prudhoe Bay, AK. ACS oversees the training and coordination of the North Slope Spill Response Team (NSSRT), a volunteer-based organization consisting of personnel from the workforce of ACS' Member Companies and their support contractors. Beginning in January 2012, ACS partnered with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) in Hanover, NH, to develop an Advanced Oil Spill Response in Ice Course. Now in its third year, this partnership has combined the unique facilities, capabilities and ice research history of CRREL with the Arctic response expertise and experience of Alaska Clean Seas to deliver realistic, one-of-a-kind training for recovering oil spilled under ice. Participants have included members of the NSSRT, several federal regulatory agencies and representatives from the Global Response Network. ACS provides response equipment from the North Slope and several vendors have demonstrated additional skimming and pumping systems specifically designed for recovery in ice. Central to the course is CRREL's outdoor saline test basin, a 60′ × 25′ × 7′ refrigerated in-ground tank equipped to grow and maintain a two-foot cover of sea ice. Approximately 600 gallons of Alaska North Slope crude oil are injected under the ice to provide a realistic field scenario to practice response tactics. These tactics include assessment and profiling techniques for safely working on the ice; employing underwater lights and ground penetrating radar for detection of oil under ice; use of augers and chainsaw sleds to cut holes and slots in the ice; deployment of recovery and storage systems to remove oil from an ice environment; and in-situ burning operations in slush and broken ice. This poster highlights the development of the CRREL Training Course and provides guidelines for course content, length, and special considerations for similar advanced field training courses.
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Whitley, Travis, Andy Tomiczek, Chad Tripp, Andrew Ortega, Matlock Mennu, Jennifer Bridge, and Peter Ifju. "Design of a Small Unmanned Aircraft System for Bridge Inspections." Sensors 20, no. 18 (September 18, 2020): 5358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20185358.
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Bridge inspections are an important procedure for maintaining the infrastructure vital to our economy and well-being. The current methodology of utilizing specialized equipment such as snooper trucks and scaffolding to support manned-inspections poses a significant financial cost, disrupts traffic, and is dangerous to the inspectors and public. The advent of unmanned aerial systems (UAS), more commonly called drones, presents a practical solution that promises reduced cost, enhanced safety, and is significantly less intrusive than previous methodologies. Current limitations in the implementation of UAS include the reliance on a skilled operator and/or the requirement for a UAS to operate in a cluttered, GPS-denied environment. A solution to these challenges is presented in this paper by utilizing commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware including laser rangefinders, optical flow sensors, and live video telemetry. Included in the system is the obstacle avoidance equipped drone and a ground station intended to be manned by a pilot and bridge inspector. The proposed custom-fabricated UAS was implemented during eight inspections of Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) bridges. The UAS was able to navigate under GPS-denied and obstacle-laden bridge decks with position-hold performance comparable to, if not better than, a COTS unit in an unobstructed environment. The position hold capability maintained an altitude of ±12.8 cm with a horizontal hold of ±435 cm. Details of the hardware, algorithm development, and suggestions for future research are discussed in this paper.
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Conn, Jeffery S., Christina Behr-Andres, Janice Wiegers, Ed Meggert, and Nick Glover. "Remediation of Arctic tundra following petroleum or salt water spills." Polar Record 37, no. 202 (July 2001): 264–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400027297.
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AbstractOil exploration and production in the Arctic regions has resulted in spills of petroleum and salt water in tundra ecosystems. The transportation and use of refined petroleum in Arctic regions has also led to spills, and the cleanup and ecosystem restoration in these systems can often be complicated by the existence of ice-rich soil permafrost. Compaction, removal, or tearing of the protective vegetation and organic soil can result in thermokarsting and associated changes in plant communities, which may persist for decades. Such problems led the State of Alaska to establish recovery-based clean-up regulations for spills to tundra.A review was conducted of published literature, government agency spill files, and industry reports concerning spills of petroleum and saline water in tundra regions. A tundra spill database was created, which allows the determination of the spill frequency of refined petroleum, crude oil, and saline water. Refined-petroleum spills are more common and smaller than crude-oil and saline-water spills. Most spills are to wet tundra during winter, and winter spills are more effectively cleaned up than those in summer. In winter, snow contains most spills, frozen soil and frozen water bodies prevent much soil penetration, plants are dormant, and operation of heavy equipment is feasible on frozen ground. The use of fire to reduce the volume of petroleum spills in winter is not recommended. Heat from burning petroleum can melt snow, thaw soil, and allow the penetration of petroleum into soil.
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Kim, Tae Hoon, Shin Jun Park, Jong Wook Kim, Byung-O. Kang, Mi Jin Jeon, Hyung-Rim Choi, and Eun Kyu Lee. "Study on Developing a System with IP Functionality to Monitor the Status of Containers in Maritime Logistics." International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering 3, no. 4 (December 31, 2017): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijare.2017.3.4.39.
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There has been increasing demand from consignors and shipping companies for real-time monitoring of maritime cargo due to increases in fresh, dangerous, and high-value cargo. Although larger carriers have developed and integrated their own systems for such real-time monitoring services, small- and medium-sized shippers are struggling with the heavy costs and workforce associated with such capability. This study introduces a system that can do real-time monitoring of the location of shipping containers and their internal status by using IP-RFID that in cludes IP functionality. This system is composed of a tag, a smart point, and a service platform. The monitoring tags are attached to regular containers to track the opening and closing of the doors, the internal temperature, and humidity. The tags then send the data to the smart point where the GPS information is added. The data packet is then finally transmitted to the service platform for location tracking. In particular, as the tags in this system have IP functionality like Multicast, they are capable of communicating with the users and also allow users to control them. In order to provide such functionality, the smart points can serve as a gateway between the service platform and the tag. By managing the tag’s connection information and the status of transmission at the smart point, the service platform can directly communicate with tags connected to the respective smart point. This technology could be applied in a diverse range of maritime and non-maritime areas including warehouse management. As for maritime logistics, it also often goes through ground, port, and air transportation phases. Further studies should monitor the actual performance of this equipment across the various phases of maritime logistics to empirically test the systems proposed herein.
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Mongush, S. "OPTIMIZATION OF THE PROCESS OF FORMING A REGIONAL EQUIPMENT FLEET OFGROUND TRANSPORT AND TECHNOLOGICAL MACHINES." Russian Automobile and Highway Industry Journal 17, no. 2 (May 25, 2020): 220–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26518/2071-7296-2020-17-2-220-233.
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Introduction. Due to the development of building and transport construction in the Republic of Tuva, a lack of capacity of an equipment fleet of ground transportation and technological machines is predicted. The condition of cars changes eventually and not for the better. The operability and productivity of equipment decreases, and the costs of measures to maintain it in working condition are constantly increasing. Therefore, the desire for failure-free operation of machines and to increase the duration of its use is understandable. Each enterprise is interested in the efficient use of the current machinery, and operational - especially since the efficiency of its use is the goal of such an enterprise.Materials and methods. To improve the working capacity and increase the productivity of the equipment, to reduce the costs of maintenance and repair activities a methodology of optimizing the process of forming an equipment fleet of ground transportation and technological machines in the Republic of Tuva has been developed in this article. The methodology consists of three blocks - “The analysis of a regional equipment fleet of ground transportation and technological machines”, “Modeling the processes of updating the equipment fleet of ground transportation and technological machines” and “Research on processes to ensure the operability of the equipment fleet of ground vehicles transport and technological machines”.Results. The modeling result is the formulation of recommendations on updating the equipment fleet of ground transportation and technological machines and on the formation of a system for ensuring the operability of the equipment fleet of ground transportation and technological machines considering the planned update.Discussion and conclusion. Estimated ratios are obtained for assessing the losses of enterprises due to insufficient equipment level of ground transport and technological machines.Financial transparency: the authors have no financial interest in the presented materials or methods. There is no conflict of interest.
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Haddad, Nazih F., and Don Plotkin. "Foreword: High-Speed Ground Transportation (HSGT) Systems." Journal of Transportation Engineering 123, no. 3 (May 1997): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(1997)123:3(173).
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Okubo, Tadayoshi. "Aseismic Considerations of Transportation Systems." Journal of Disaster Research 1, no. 3 (December 1, 2006): 391–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2006.p0391.
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In prehistoric ages, mankind needed transportation but not transportation systems. In recent times, accompanying the development of human activities, the importance of transportation and transportation systems has increased more and more. By the word "transportation", the author means the spatial transfer of human beings, materials and articles and by the word "transportation system", he means a system of structures, facilities, and equipment effectively transferring human beings, materials and articles. So, highway systems, railway systems, air transportation systems, marine and river transportation systems, water supply and sewage systems and fuel and oil transportation systems are included as transportation systems.
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Glickenstein, Harvey. "Line Extensions and Equipment and Infrastructure Improvements [Transportation Systems]." IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine 8, no. 3 (September 2013): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mvt.2013.2268666.
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Hänsel, Frank, Jan Poliak, Michael Lux, Uwe Becker, and Eckehard Schnieder. "PLATFORMS FOR QUALIFICATION OF POSITIONING SYSTEMS FOR GROUND TRANSPORTATION." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 39, no. 12 (January 2006): 509–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20060829-3-nl-2908.00088.
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Klebanov, D. A., M. A. Makeyev, and D. N. Sizemov. "Use of Autonomous and Remotely Operated Equipment in Surface Mining." Mining Industry (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 6/2020 (December 29, 2020): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2020-6-14-18.
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The article describes design principles for autonomous cargo transportation systems and social aspects of their implementation. Economic prerequisites for creation of autonomous cargo transportation systems in Russia and in the world are analyzed as well as the composition of the complex autonomous system. Issues of economic justification for implementation of autonomous cargo transportation systems, regulatory framework and safety provision of autonomous dump truck application are also addressed.
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Scanlan, Robert H. "Mitigation of Severe Wind Damage Related to Ground Transportation Systems." Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2, no. 4 (October 1989): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0893-1321(1989)2:4(199).
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Tang, Y. K., and C. R. Wetzel. "NASA ground terminal communication equipment: Automated fault isolation expert systems." Telematics and Informatics 7, no. 3-4 (January 1990): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0736-5853(05)80011-5.
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Iegupov, Konstantin, Sergey Rudenko, and Oleksiy Nemchuk. "Marine transportation-technological systems safety and development." ACADEMIC JOURNAL Series: Industrial Machine Building, Civil Engineering 2, no. 51 (October 12, 2018): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26906/znp.2018.51.1291.
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The article deals with marine hydraulic structures design and operation, considering the influence of various superstructures and reloading equipment. The analysis of seismic resistance of the hydraulic structures erected in the seismic regions of Ukraine has shown that the actual seismic loads on the structures significantly exceed the design loads being determined by regulatory documents prior to 2006. In the era of globalization, transformation of cargo flows, changes in their structure, the issue of ports planning development, implying port capacities balanced development, namely: sea zone port zone, and land zone development, becomes particularly important. The design of hydrotechnical structures should be carried considering the transshipment complexes at the quay with proper scientific support.
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Liu, Mingwu. "Operation Strategies of Transportation Equipment Support Systems under Performance-based Contract." Journal of Information and Computational Science 12, no. 7 (May 1, 2015): 2597–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.12733/jics20105778.
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Normandy, R., and Lindsay Yowell. "Vibration Design Criteria for COTS-Based C4I Systems." Journal of the IEST 39, no. 6 (November 1, 1996): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.2.39.6.fh6q440309jv66k9.
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This paper describes results of a planned comprehensive test program to identify the realistic dynamic environment commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) equipment will experience when utilized in Military Ground Mobile Command Control, Communication, Computer, and Intelligence (C4I) systems housed in DoD Standard Family Tactical Shelters. COTS equipment are generally designed for office use and lack robustness for military use in a ground mobile tactical environment. A realistic dynamic design criteria must be utilized for an appropriate mounting and/or isolation system design in the integration of a shelter. Acceleration spectral density functions are described to assist the designer in providing a COTS-based, survivable, cost-effective ground mobile tactical shelter-based C4I System.
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Hatzivasilis, George, Konstantinos Fysarakis, Sotiris Ioannidis, Ilias Hatzakis, George Vardakis, Nikos Papadakis, and George Spanoudakis. "SPD-Safe: Secure Administration of Railway Intelligent Transportation Systems." Electronics 10, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10010092.
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The railway transport system is critical infrastructure that is exposed to numerous man-made and natural threats, thus protecting this physical asset is imperative. Cyber security, privacy, and dependability (SPD) are also important, as the railway operation relies on cyber-physical systems (CPS) systems. This work presents SPD-Safe—an administration framework for railway CPS, leveraging artificial intelligence for monitoring and managing the system in real-time. The network layer protections integrated provide the core security properties of confidentiality, integrity, and authentication, along with energy-aware secure routing and authorization. The effectiveness in mitigating attacks and the efficiency under normal operation are assessed through simulations with the average delay in real equipment being 0.2–0.6 s. SPD metrics are incorporated together with safety semantics for the application environment. Considering an intelligent transportation scenario, SPD-Safe is deployed on railway critical infrastructure, safeguarding one outdoor setting on the railway’s tracks and one in-carriage setting on a freight train that contains dangerous cargo. As demonstrated, SPD-Safe provides higher security and scalability, while enhancing safety response procedures. Nonetheless, emergence response operations require a seamless interoperation of the railway system with emergency authorities’ equipment (e.g., drones). Therefore, a secure integration with external systems is considered as future work.
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Barillo, MD, FACS, COL David J., LTC Evan Renz, MD, FACS, CPT Kristine Broger, RN, SSG Brandon Moak, LVN, SSG Gabriel Wright, RTT, and COL John B. Holcomb, MD, FACS. "An emergency medical bag set for long-range aeromedical transportation." American Journal of Disaster Medicine 3, no. 2 (March 1, 2008): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajdm.2008.0011.
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The global war on terror has created the need for urgent long-range aeromedical transport of severely wounded service members over distances of several thousand miles from Afghanistan or Iraq to the United States. This need is met by specialized medical transport teams such as US Air Force Critical Care Air Transport Teams (CCATT) or by the US Army Burn Flight Team (BFT). Both teams travel with multiple bags or cases of emergency equipment, which are comprehensive but cumbersome. To avoid the need to search multiple bags for equipment or drugs when an in-flight emergency occurs, many CCATT and BFT physicians also carry a personal bag of emergency supplies for rapid access. Over the last year, we have evolved and standardized an emergency equipment bag designed to provide the supplies necessary for initial management of emergencies that occur during flight and ground transport. This or a similar emergency kit would be useful for inter or intrahospital transport of critically ill or injured civilian patients, or for physicians who respond to civil emergencies, such as members of Disaster Medical Assistance Teams.
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Oishi, Akira. "New Systems on Land Transportation. Electro Mgnetic Suspension Ground Transport System." Journal of the Japan Welding Society 62, no. 2 (1993): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/qjjws1943.62.93.
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Morozov, Ilya. "Electric air roads: The projects of air-and-ground transportation systems." Вопросы истории, естествознания и техники, no. 3 (2018): 482–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s020596060001119-2.
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MIYOSHI, Kazuyoshi, and Kazuo Asoh. "3413 Concepts of energy-saving transportation systems using ground/surface effects." Proceedings of the Transportation and Logistics Conference 2011.20 (2011): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmetld.2011.20.343.
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Kazakoff, Alexander. "Advances in Engineering Software for Lift Transportation Systems." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics 42, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10254-012-0001-4.
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Advances in Engineering Software for Lift Transportation Systems In this paper an attempt is performed at computer modelling of ropeway ski lift systems. The logic in these systems is based on a travel form between the two terminals, which operates with high capacity cabins, chairs, gondolas or draw-bars. Computer codes AUTOCAD, MATLAB and Compaq-Visual Fortran - version 6.6 are used in the computer modelling. The rope systems computer modelling is organized in two stages in this paper. The first stage is organization of the ground relief profile and a design of the lift system as a whole, according to the terrain profile and the climatic and atmospheric conditions. The ground profile is prepared by the geodesists and is presented in an AUTOCAD view. The next step is the design of the lift itself which is performed by programmes using the computer code MATLAB. The second stage of the computer modelling is performed after the optimization of the co-ordinates and the lift profile using the computer code MATLAB. Then the co-ordinates and the parameters are inserted into a program written in Compaq Visual Fortran - version 6.6., which calculates 171 lift parameters, organized in 42 tables. The objective of the work presented in this paper is an attempt at computer modelling of the design and parameters derivation of the rope way systems and their computer variation and optimization.
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Liu, Hualiang. "An Overview of Intelligent Building Systems and Construction Debugging Techniques." World Construction 3, no. 1 (August 26, 2014): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/wc.v3i1.35.
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The implementation of the intelligent building of the general contractor in charge of the project construction drawings installation and testing design, equipment, materials, supplies and transportation, pipeline construction, equipment, system debugging through the acceptance of the relevant opening and administration until delivery. Composition and engineering techniques. This paper describes the architecture of intelligent systems and concluded that the implementation of intelligent building elements
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Liu, Hualiang. "An Overview of Intelligent Building Systems and Construction Debugging Techniques." World Construction 3 (August 26, 2014): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/wcj.v3i1.4.
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The implementation of the intelligent building of the general contractor in charge of the project construction drawings installation and testing design, equipment, materials, supplies and transportation, pipeline construction, equipment, system debugging through the acceptance of the relevant opening and administration until delivery. Composition and engineering techniques. This paper describes the architecture of intelligent systems and concluded that the implementation of intelligent building elements
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Scott, A. J., and D. Bergman. "The Industrial Resurgence of Southern California? Advanced Ground Transportation Equipment Manufacturing and Local Economic Development." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 13, no. 1 (March 1995): 97–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c130097.
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Matusevych, Oleksandr, Valeriy Kuznetsov, and Viktor SYCHENKO. "The method for increasing the efficiency of equipment’s maintenance in railway traction power supply systems." Archives of Transport 47, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.6506.
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Purpose. To develop the method for increasing the efficiency of the equipment’s maintenance and repair system, ensuring necessary level of operational reliability of the equipment, safety and reliability of the electric equipment with minimal expenses on operation. Relevance. Aging of the power equipment in railway power supply systems sharply raised a need for assessment of its states and degree of risk for operation outside rated service life. In critical conditions of technological processes and operational modes of the railways it is necessary to increase the equipment’s operational reliability. The scheduled maintenance and repair system whose main technical and economic criterion is the minimum of equipment’s downtimes on the basis of a rigid regulation of repair cycles, in the conditions of market regulations in the field of repair in many cases does not provide the optimal decisions due to insufficient financing. The solution of this problem is possible by improvement of the maintenance and repair system. Under these conditions the main direction for supporting the operational reliability of power electric equipment on TS is a development of the modern methods based on individual supervision over real changes of technical condition of power equipment. Scientific novelty. In this article the authors proposed an integrated approach, on the basis of which can be developed the effective maintenance and repair system for traction power supply systems. Proposed approach allowed to react quickly to changes of service conditions on traction substations, to control the technical condition of power electric equipment under the conditions of uncertainty, to establish interrelation between quality of service and operational reliability of the equipment, to choose a service strategy on traction substations. Practical importance. The validity of the developed method was confirmed by the results of calculations and practically by choosing the optimal maintenance's option for transformer TDTN-25000/150-70 U1 (ТДТН-25000/150-70 У1) on traction power supply substation.
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LUCAS-NETO, Alfredo, Kevan Guilherme Nóbrega BARBOSA, Italo de Macedo BERNARDINO, Rilva Suely de Castro Cardoso LUCAS, and Sérgio D'ÁVILA. "Ground transportation accidents involving two categories of motorcyclists who transport passengers." RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia 64, no. 3 (September 2016): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-863720160003000093078.
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ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to analyze the occurrence of ground transportation accidents involving two categories of motorcyclists who transport passengers in a city located in northeastern Brazil: those who work for city hall and those who work for a private transportation firm. Methods: Interviews were held with the aid of a questionnaire administered to a probabilistic sample of 210 individuals (125 from city hall and 85 from the private firm). Results: A high number of motorcyclists in both categories combined (78.6%) suffered traffic accidents in the 12 months prior to the inquiry. Collisions with automobiles constituted the most frequent type of accident (43.6%). Accidents were more associated with motorcyclists working for city hall (p < 0.05), due mainly to the fact that these individuals had been employed for a longer period of time (p < 0.001). The occurrence of bodily injuries was high in both categories (63.6%). Facial injuries were the least frequent in both categories due mainly to the use of protection equipment (98.2%). Conclusion: The occurrence of traffic accidents was high in the two motorcycle passenger transportation categories analyzed, demonstrating that motorcycles are used to transport passengers in a risky manner.
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Katsumata, Akio, Yutaka Hayashi, Kazuki Miyaoka, Hiroaki Tsushima, Toshitaka Baba, Patricio A. Catalán, Cecilia Zelaya, Felipe Riquelme Vasquez, Rodrigo Sanchez-Olavarria, and Sergio Barrientos. "Stand-alone tsunami alarm equipment." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 5 (May 15, 2017): 685–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-685-2017.
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Abstract. One of the quickest means of tsunami evacuation is transfer to higher ground soon after strong and long ground shaking. Ground shaking itself is a good initiator of the evacuation from disastrous tsunami. Longer period seismic waves are considered to be more correlated with the earthquake magnitude. We investigated the possible application of this to tsunami hazard alarm using single-site ground motion observation. Information from the mass media is sometimes unavailable due to power failure soon after a large earthquake. Even when an official alarm is available, multiple information sources of tsunami alert would help people become aware of the coming risk of a tsunami. Thus, a device that indicates risk of a tsunami without requiring other data would be helpful to those who should evacuate. Since the sensitivity of a low-cost MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) accelerometer is sufficient for this purpose, tsunami alarm equipment for home use may be easily realized. Amplitude of long-period (20 s cutoff) displacement was proposed as the threshold for the alarm based on empirical relationships among magnitude, tsunami height, hypocentral distance, and peak ground displacement of seismic waves. Application of this method to recent major earthquakes indicated that such equipment could effectively alert people to the possibility of tsunami.
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Qin, Zhaoqiong. "Analysis of Light Rail Access to Airports for the Effective Ground Transportation." International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management 5, no. 2 (April 2012): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jisscm.2012040105.
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This paper discusses the attractiveness the cost-effectiveness of the light rail service connecting the airport and the main destinations in a city compared with other modes of ground transportation. A mathematical model is developed and the optimal frequency of light rail service is decided based on the minimization of the total cost including waiting time cost of travelers at the airport and operating cost of the light rail. Sensitivity analysis is made to show the effect of such parameters as passenger flow, unit time cost, unit operating time cost and etc. on the optimal frequency of the light rail service to provide the convenient, cost-effectiveness, and advanced accessible ground transportation service at the airport.
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Syedyusuff, Syedakbar, Ramesh Subramaniam, and Ramya Vijay. "Orthogonally Integrated Hybrid Antenna for Intelligent Transportation Systems." Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society 36, no. 5 (June 14, 2021): 519–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47037/2020.aces.j.360505.
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The aim of this paper is to design an orthogonally integrated hybrid antenna to address 5G/Wi-Fi/C-V2X communication simultaneously in one device. The proposed antenna consists of three planar monopoles and a defected ground plane with a dimension of 55x30x1.2mm3. High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) is employed to design the proposed antenna, which resonates at three distinct frequencies 2.45 GHz (Wi-Fi), 3.5 GHz (5G), and 5.9 GHz. Further, the prototype antenna is fabricated and experimentally validated in comparing with simulation results. The excellent agreement among the simulation and measured results shows that the designed antenna operates simultaneously at 5G/Wi-Fi/C-V2X frequency bands and the isolation effects between the elements is less than 15dB.
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Deng, Tian, Nai Chao Wang, and Lin Ma. "Design of Equipment’s Transportation Programs and Transport Activities." Advanced Materials Research 569 (September 2012): 769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.569.769.
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With the developing of global trade, the role assumed by the logistics industry is increasing important. Transportation act as the main pillars of the logistics system, connecting suppliers, manufactures and customers Transportation is a means of connecting scatted factories and warehouses of the entire supply chain. Traditional transportation design emphasis on design and means of transportation decision-making on transport nodes and networks. In this article, transportation is designed based on systems engineering, considering the entire life cycle of the equipment . The factors in transport program is given in detail to be considered in the design of the equipment life cycle transport program, and gives the design process of the transport activity.
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Chang, James, and John Collura. "Integrating Public Transportation Facilities and Equipment Management Systems into Capital Improvement Planning Process." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1618, no. 1 (January 1998): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1618-11.
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A Public Transportation Facilities and Equipment Management System (PTMS), as proposed in the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA), is a tool to assist in the management and utilization of transit facilities and equipment so as to ensure the efficient and effective use of resources. A framework for the application of PTMS elements in the public transit capital improvement planning process is proposed. By using a PTMS as a part of the capital planning process, broad concepts such as needs fulfillment and performance improvement may be embodied in a systematic process to program transit bus capital investments. With data from the Federal Transit Administration’s National Transit Database (NTD), the practical applicability of this framework is investigated in the context of the capital planning process employed by the regional transit authorities and the state transportation agency in Massachusetts. Vehicle replacement needs for a Massachusetts regional transit authority are estimated for a 5-year planning window using the NTD data in conjunction with predictive condition models. These models, developed by Purdue University and the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, use easily quantifiable and objective measures such as age and mileage to predict the future condition of a vehicle. NTD data are also used to identify opportunities for performance-based capital incentives among the Massachusetts regional transit authorities.
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Fatonah, Feti. "Metode Pengukuran Peralatan Localizer di Bandar Udara (Studi Kasus Bandar Udara Sam Ratulangi-Manado)." WARTA ARDHIA 40, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 173–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/wa.v40i3.130.173-188.
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In accordance with the Rules of DGCA number: 83 2005, about the testing procedures on the ground (ground inspection) equipment electronics and electrical facilities, the cost of all existing facilities at the airport including ILS localizer testing should be carried out on land with parameters determined in order to maintain the operational performance of equipment in accordance with the standards and operational requirements that have been set. And in accordance with ICAO Annex 10 Document 8071, then to determine the performance of the localizer equipment mandatory calibration flight. This calibration flight periodically for localizer equipment provisions must be implemented four months in which the airport in cooperation with the Ministry of Transportation calibration.Sesuai dengan Peraturan dari Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Udara nomor : 83 tahun 2005, tentang prosedur pengujian di darat ( ground inspection ) peralatan fasilitas elektronika dan listrik penerbangan maka semua fasilitas yang ada di Bandara termasuk ILS, Localizer harus dilaksanakan pengujian di darat dengan parameter yang telah ditentukan guna mempertahankan kinerja operasional peralatan sesuai dengan standard dan persyaratan operasional yang telah ditetapkan. Dan sesuai dengan annex 10 Document 8071 ICAO, maka untuk mengetahui kinerja dari peralatan localizer maka wajib dilakukan penerbangan kalibrasi. Penerbangan kalibrasi ini berkala untuk peralatan localizer ketentuannya harus dilaksanakan 4 bulan sekali dimana pihak Bandar udara bekerja sama dengan Balai kalibrasi Kementerian Perhubungan.
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Agrawal, Abhijit K. "Non-Linear Response of Light Equipment System in a Torsional Building to Bi-Directional Ground Excitation." Shock and Vibration 6, no. 5-6 (1999): 223–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1999/948265.
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Dynamic response of a light equipment item attached to a non-linear and torsionally coupled main system is evaluated under bi-directional earthquake excitation. To account for the effect of translations and torsion, each story of the building is modelled as three degrees-of-freedom (DOFs), with two DOFs for translation in two orthogonal directions and third DOF for torsion. The responses (relative displacement between the equipment system and the floor of the primary system on which the equipment system is mounted and absolute acceleration of the equipment system itself), are determined under random ground motion in two orthogonal directions, which is idealized as a stationary random process represented by a white noise excitation. The responses are obtained by time domain simulation procedure. The response behavior of the light equipment is examined under a set of parametric variations. These parameters include the uncoupled lateral frequency of the primary and the equipment systems, the ratio of uncoupled lateral to rotational frequencies of the primary system, eccentricity ratios of the primary and the equipment systems in X and Y directions, damping ratio of the primary and the equipment systems and the mass ratio of the two systems. Results of the study indicate that under some parametric conditions the responses of the equipment system are significantly affected by torsional coupling and non-linearity of the primary system. It is also observed that the responses of the equipment system can be alleviated by increasing the damping ratio of the equipment system.
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Gaponyuk, O., A. Aleksashin, and G. Goncharuk. "MANAGEMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT OF THE INDUSTRY BASED ON THE SMART SYSTEM." Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s 21, no. 1 (September 12, 2021): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15673/gpmf.v21i1.2096.
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High productivity and power of technological and transport mechanisms, large capacity and number of storage equipment, a variety of types of grain crops simultaneously processed at the elevator require the operator to make a lightning-fast decision, the optimal choice of grain transportation routes.One of the first control systems consisted of huge energy-intensive cabinets with starting equipment, allowing remote control of equipment, without the functions of elementary control of their operation.As storage volumes increased, these systems were supplemented with relay cabinets, whose task was to conduct interlocked control of an ever-increasing number of mechanisms, so that at least somehow it was possible to control such a complex. These relay cabinets had a low degree of reliability (contact elements), consumed a large amount of energy, and required the constant presence of large maintenance personnel.The era of microelectronics has come, which completely changed the idea of the capabilities of control systems. At first, it seemed very expensive and not a quick payback. But every year, the cost of automation equipment is decreasing, reliability has grown to high levels and this technique has come to the management systems of grain storages and elevators.Modern automation at the majority of Ukrainian elevators makes it possible to control technological processes. At the same time, many processes are regulated in a mode that requires a sufficiently high qualification of service personnel. The exchange of data on the operation of SMART-INDIVIDUAL equipment is carried out by logical controllers by polling sensors, generating control actions, monitoring equipment operating modes with display in the WEB-interface system. The SMART-INDIVIDUAL system has undeniable advantages over existing centralized control and management systems. SMART technology is inextricably linked with the dispatch control and data collection system - SCADA, designed to monitor and supervise a large number of remote objects or one geographically distributed object. The SMART-INDIVIDUAL system is equipped with a module with a regulation for monitoring parameters, equipment according to the passport characteristics. At the same time, the system maintains an archive and controls the timing of maintenance. The laboratory installation SMART-INDIVIDUAL includes technological and transport equipment, which is most used in the elevator industry: air filter ZEO-FCS, bucket elevator ZEO-BE, scraper chain conveyor ZEO-DC. On the basis of the SMART-INDIVIDUAL software and hardware complex at the Department of Technological Equipment for Grain Production of the Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, students are trained in the new specialty "IT service of equipment".
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Lee, Renee, and Anne S. Kiremidjian. "Uncertainty and Correlation for Loss Assessment of Spatially Distributed Systems." Earthquake Spectra 23, no. 4 (November 2007): 753–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2791001.
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Seismic risk assessment for a spatially distributed system, such as a lifeline network, involves characterization of ground shaking and structural damage for multiple structures in a region. The expected value of monetary loss, a common measure of the risk, has been previously formulated but with little attention to the uncertainty around this monetary loss. Furthermore, prior research on risk assessment for lifeline systems, in particular transportation networks, assumes no spatial ground motion correlation and no structure-to-structure damage correlation between sites in the network. In this paper, a framework for treating these correlations in the network risk analysis is presented. A demonstration of this methodology is carried out for two transportation networks located in the San Francisco Bay region. Coefficients of variation for network physical loss using a non–distance dependent ground motion correlation model in the framework range between 0.6 and 1.5 for the sample networks presented here. Coefficients of variation for network physical loss using a distance-dependent ground motion correlation model in the framework range between 1.0 and 1.4 for the same networks. It is demonstrated through these applications that assuming no correlation in ground motion and in damage may potentially underestimate uncertainty in the overall loss estimation.
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Kawashima, Kazuhiko. "Introduction to Dr. Okubo's Paper Entitled "Aseismic Considerations of Transportation Systems"." Journal of Disaster Research 1, no. 3 (December 1, 2006): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2006.p0390.
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Damage to underground water pipes can be traced back to the 1923 Kanto earthquake, and it was well recognized from the early days that seismic effect was important in the construction of underground structures. It was not known, however, how seismic effect could be included in the design and construction of underground structures. In the late 1960s, field measurements and shaking table experiments gradually showed that ground deformation developed during an earthquake induced deformation in underground structures. This finding led to the development of new seismic design for underground structures embedded in subsurface ground. This was first designated as the “seismic deformation method” when the “new seismic design method” was developed as the final accomplishment in a five-year research project by the Ministry of Construction in 1977. In the 1960s and 1970s, Dr. Okubo took the leadership in developing seismic design methods for underground tunnels, pipelines, and bridges. Transportation of aviation petroleum was a critical requirement for the new Narita International Airport. Because no alternatives for transporting aviation petroleum other than pipeline embedded under national roads were possible in congested urban areas, it was important to protect pipelines and roads against seismic effects. When the law for petroleum pipelines went into effect, a seismic design method for petroleum pipelines was included in the notice on technical detailing on petroleum pipelines in 1973. This was the first mandated requirement for underground structures in seismic effects. Subsequently, seismic design based on the seismic deformation method has been extensively used for underground structures. Dr. Toshio Iwasaki, head of the Ground Vibration Division of the Public Works Research Institute of the Ministry of Construction at that time named this method the “seismic deformation method.” The author, a researcher of the Ground Vibration Division at the time, proposed calling it the “deformation method.” Because “deformation method” was widely used in computational structural analysis, Dr. Iwasaki suggested adding “seismic” to “deformation method.” As shown in his paper, Dr. Okubo contributed greatly to clarifying the failure mechanism of seismic damage, and compiled technical knowledge on seismic effect in various design codes. His interest extended beyond underground structures to bridges, roads, and dams. He expanded the foundation of seismic design of civil infrastructures in the early days of earthquake engineering.
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Lob, W. S. "Robotic transportation." Clinical Chemistry 36, no. 9 (September 1, 1990): 1544–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/36.9.1544.
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Abstract Mobile robots perform fetch-and-carry tasks autonomously. An intelligent, sensor-equipped mobile robot does not require dedicated pathways or extensive facility modification. In the hospital, mobile robots can be used to carry specimens, pharmaceuticals, meals, etc. between supply centers, patient areas, and laboratories. The HelpMate (Transitions Research Corp.) mobile robot was developed specifically for hospital environments. To reach a desired destination, Help-Mate navigates with an on-board computer that continuously polls a suite of sensors, matches the sensor data against a pre-programmed map of the environment, and issues drive commands and path corrections. A sender operates the robot with a user-friendly menu that prompts for payload insertion and desired destination(s). Upon arrival at its selected destination, the robot prompts the recipient for a security code or physical key and awaits acknowledgement of payload removal. In the future, the integration of HelpMate with robot manipulators, test equipment, and central institutional information systems will open new applications in more localized areas and should help overcome difficulties in filling transport staff positions.
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Gaponenko, S. O., R. Z. Shakurova, A. E. Kondratiev, and R. Dimova. "Improving the methodology for assessing the technical condition of equipment during the transportation of energy carrier in energy systems and complexes." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 01021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912401021.
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The stable and uninterrupted work of the energy sector enterprises largely determines the economic development of the country. At the same time, the reliability of energy systems and complexes depends on the technical condition of the energy transportation equipment. In this regard, there is an urgent need to monitor the technical condition of the equipment. Currently, there are various types of non-destructive testing used for diagnostics, but none of them is universal, and many of them only allow to find defects of a certain type. In this connection, there is a topical issue of improving the methods for assessing the technical condition of equipment during the transportation of energy carriers in energy systems and complexes. This paper presents an information and diagnostic complex that implements the proposed technical solution and tests the methodology.
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Yarlina, Lita, Harry Yanto Lumban Batu, Evy Lindasari, and Arman Mardoko. "Evaluasi Pelayanan Ground Handling di Bandar Udara Mutiara SIS Al-Jufri Palu." Warta Penelitian Perhubungan 32, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/warlit.v32i1.1368.
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AbstrakLalu lintas angkutan udara di Bandar Udara Mutiara SIS Al-Jufri, Palu menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang meningkat selama periode 2015-2019. Pengelolaan Ground Support Equipment (GSE) dan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) diperlukan untuk memenuhi persyaratan pelayanan ground handling di sisi udara, khususnya apron, untuk mewujudkan keselamatan penerbangan, kinerja ketepatan waktu, kepuasan pelanggan, serta keandalan yang sesuai dengan regulasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kualitas layanan ground handling di Bandar Udasar Mutiara SIS Al-Jufri. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan mengacu pada kriteria dalam Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor PM. 91 tahun 2016 tentang Pembatasan Usia Peralatan Penunjang Pelayanan Darat Pesawat Udara (Ground Support Equipment/ GSE) dan Kendaraan Operasional yang Beroperasi di Sisi Udara, serta Surat Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Perhubungan Udara Nomor SKEP/81/X/1998 tentang Pedoman Umum Pengelolaan Ground Support Equipment (GSE). Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa kegiatan ground handling telah menunjukkan komitmen dalam memenuhi pelayanannya. Walaupun demikian, masih terdapat deviasi berupa kendaraan dengan usia operasi lebih dari 10 tahun yang masih beroperasi di apron, antara lain Aircraft Towing Tractor (ATT), Air Starter Unit (ASU), dan Ground Power Unit (GPU). Oleh karena itu, direkomendasikan untuk melakukan penyesuaian peralatan dengan mengacu pada regulasi yang berlaku.Kata kunci: Bandar Udara Mutiara SIS Al-Jufri, ground handling.Ground Handling Services at Mutiara SIS Al-Jufri Airport Palu: Air transport traffic at Mutiara SIS Al-Jufri Airport, Palu-Indonesia, showed an increase in growth from 2015 until 2019. In an attempt to meet the ground handling service requirements on the air side, especially aprons, it is necessary to properly manage Ground Support Equipment (GSE) and Human Resources to achieve flight safety, punctuality performance, customer satisfaction, and regulatory compliance. This study aimed to determine the quality of ground handling services at Mutiara SIS Al-Jufri Airport. It employeda descriptive qualitative method by referring to the criteria issued in the Regulation of Minister of Transportation PMNo. 91 of 2016 concerning Age Limits for Supporting GSE and Operational Vehicles Operating on the Air Side andthe Decree of the Director-General of Civil Aviation No. SKEP/81/X/1998 on General Guidelines for Management of Ground Support Equipment. The results showed that the ground handling activities hadsuccessfully committedto fulfilling their functions, but a few deviations from the recommended age of vehicles in operation on the aprons were identified. Aircraft Towing Tractor (ATT), Air Starter Unit (ASU), and Ground Power Unit (GPU) had been operated for more than ten years. Therefore, this study recommends that equipment adjustments be made following applicable regulations.Keywords: Mutiara SIS Al-Jufri Airport, ground handling.
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Sirina, N. F., and S. S. Yushkova. "Integrative management of infrastructure and traction equipment at the railway area." Vestnik of the Railway Research Institute 78, no. 6 (January 4, 2020): 328–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2019-78-6-328-339.
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Railway transport is in condition of preparation for fulfillment of the forecast increase of transportation. The level of effectiveness and quality of the railways operation is assessed by the period of delivery to the point of destination of required volume of transported freight, which growth increases intensity of infrastructure wear and tear, which requires breaks in trains movement for providing “gaps” for the track repair operations and inevitably results in the delivery time increase.The use of the best speed path of trains is an important component of ensuring energy effectiveness. Transition to the ground process of trains’ movement control allows JSC “RZD” to arrange rhythmic movement of the car traffic movement providing “gaps” in the single opening for the entire ground.Conducted SWOT-analysis determined the risks and potential results of use of the single infrastructure of the railway area in terms of possible additional expenses in the future. Control mechanism of operation costs was proposed, which allows analyzing actual direct expenses and comparing deviations with regard to the set values. Overall algorithm of the model of integrative control of infrastructure and traction resources was formalized, which is illustrated by the example of participants of transportation process at the railway area. The basis of their interaction is the results of integral assessment that generalized various quantity of indicators and assessment factors of transportation process.Mathematical support of procedures of establishing the cost price is implemented in the Intellectual system of control and handling of the locomotive fleet at the area of the railway production infrastructure. Obtained results are integrated in the Automated control system of operation of the single center of infrastructure control and are set for transformation, effective use of the industrial companies potential.Key trends of the geo-economic condition having direct relation to the transportation and logistic operation in Russia determine necessity of effective management of traction resources by means of arrangement of the uniform process of transportation operation of JSC “RZD”, which results in the best use of transportation infrastructure, balanced increase of the volumes of loading and attraction of investments to the railways.