Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ground water – South Africa – Limpopo

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Ground water – South Africa – Limpopo'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Ground water – South Africa – Limpopo"

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Kativhu, Simbarashe, Marizvikuru M. Mwale, and Jethro Zuwarimwe. "Agricultural resilience under increasing water security threats: insights for smallholder farming in Limpopo Province, South Africa." Water Practice and Technology 15, no. 4 (July 24, 2020): 849–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2020.068.

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Abstract Smallholder farmers in South Africa are facing increased pressure to manage water use due to growing scarcity and environmental water demand. This prompts the need to build resilient irrigation systems particularly for smallholder farmers. Building resilience is more pertinent in Limpopo province, where crop and animal production is hampered by water scarcity. Currently, there is an array of generic adaptation strategies for attaining resilient irrigation schemes in South Africa and beyond. However, the effectiveness and feasibility of these resilience measures at farm level, particularly among smallholders in marginalised areas, are not well researched in Limpopo Province. The current paper draws lessons from adaptation mechanisms in Southern Africa, indicates areas that require further studies and recommends ways for enhancing smallholder resilience against water scarcity. The article contributes to efforts for enhancing water security and fulfil the targets set in sustainable development goal 2 of zero hunger, South Africa Vision 2030, and the government's food security mandate, particularly through suggesting ways for enhancing smallholder farmer resilience and water security.
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Majuru, Batsirai, Paul Jagals, and Paul R. Hunter. "Assessing rural small community water supply in Limpopo, South Africa: Water service benchmarks and reliability." Science of The Total Environment 435-436 (October 2012): 479–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.07.024.

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Molekoa, Mmasabata, Ram Avtar, Pankaj Kumar, Huynh Thu Minh, Rajarshi Dasgupta, Brian Johnson, Netrananda Sahu, Ram Verma, and Ali Yunus. "Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Surface Water Quality in Mokopane Area, Limpopo, South Africa." Water 13, no. 2 (January 18, 2021): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13020220.

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Considering the well-documented impacts of land-use change on water resources and the rapid land-use conversions occurring throughout Africa, in this study, we conducted a spatiotemporal analysis of surface water quality and its relation with the land use and land cover (LULC) pattern in Mokopane, Limpopo province of South Africa. Various physico-chemical parameters were analyzed for surface water samples collected from five sampling locations from 2016 to 2020. Time-series analysis of key surface water quality parameters was performed to identify the essential hydrological processes governing water quality. The analyzed water quality data were also used to calculate the heavy metal pollution index (HPI), heavy metal evaluation index (HEI) and weighted water quality index (WQI). Also, the spatial trend of water quality is compared with LULC changes from 2015 to 2020. Results revealed that the concentration of most of the physico-chemical parameters in the water samples was beyond the World Health Organization (WHO) adopted permissible limit, except for a few parameters in some locations. Based on the calculated values of HPI and HEI, water quality samples were categorized as low to moderately polluted water bodies, whereas all water samples fell under the poor category (>100) and beyond based on the calculated WQI. Looking precisely at the water quality’s temporal trend, it is found that most of the sampling shows a deteriorating trend from 2016 to 2019. However, the year 2020 shows a slightly improving trend on water quality, which can be justified by lowering human activities during the lockdown period imposed by COVID-19. Land use has a significant relationship with surface water quality, and it was evident that built-up land had a more significant negative impact on water quality than the other land use classes. Both natural processes (rock weathering) and anthropogenic activities (wastewater discharge, industrial activities etc.) were found to be playing a vital role in water quality evolution. This study suggests that continuous assessment and monitoring of the spatial and temporal variability of water quality in Limpopo is important to control pollution and health safety in the future.
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Meyer, Johan, and Sune von Solms. "Solar Powered Water Security: An Enabler for Rural Development in Limpopo South Africa." IEEE Access 6 (2018): 20694–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2805367.

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Mellor, Jonathan E., James A. Smith, Gerard P. Learmonth, Vhonani O. Netshandama, and Rebecca A. Dillingham. "Modeling the Complexities of Water, Hygiene, and Health in Limpopo Province, South Africa." Environmental Science & Technology 46, no. 24 (December 6, 2012): 13512–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es3038966.

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Pilusa, Kgoshi Kgashane Lucas, and Modimowabarwa Hendrick Kanyane. "Water Services Authorities Capacity in Providing Access to Water and Sanitation in Limpopo Province, South Africa." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, no. 6 (July 23, 2020): 1586–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jun741.

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There has been an on-going debate regarding the effectiveness and capacity of Water Service Authorities in providing quality water service in South Africa to local citizens. As Limpopo province was preferred as a case study, it is evident that the province has been experiencing several violent water service delivery protests in different localities. The methodological approach employed was a qualitative approach reinforced by documentary review as a data source in qualitative research. Purposively, 46 participants were sampled and interviewed. In addition, document analysis of literatures and audit performance of Water Service Authorities in Limpopo province were exploited. The employed data regression investigation to scrutinize the data, containing the Auditor- General of South Africa’s (AGSA) amalgamated annual report for municipal for the fiscal years 2009/10 to 2015/16. It gave observable elements which were subjected to regression analysis. The findings show that quality of governance significantly affects the achievement of a clean audit at a significance value which translates into poor service delivery to citizens. In reviewing the existing documents, a better understanding was realised which assisted in formulating questions for interviews or develop an observation guide. The challenges confronting the water service authorities are not limited to inadequate administrative capacity to function and manage finances, lack of skilled technicians, service delivery backlogs; aging of water infrastructure and lack of infrastructure maintenance. These findings underscored a need for Water Service Authorities to assess continuously the level of contentment to their beneficiaries concerning the basic provision of water and sanitation services.
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Ikeda, Takayoshi, Thandi Kapwata, Swadhin K. Behera, Noboru Minakawa, Masahiro Hashizume, Neville Sweijd, Angela Mathee, and Caradee Yael Wright. "Climatic Factors in Relation to Diarrhoea Hospital Admissions in Rural Limpopo, South Africa." Atmosphere 10, no. 9 (September 5, 2019): 522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10090522.

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Diarrheal disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, particularly in children under 5 years of age. Factors related to diarrheal disease incidence include infection, malnutrition, and exposure to contaminated water and food. Climate factors also contribute to diarrheal disease. We aimed to explore the relationship between temperature, precipitation and diarrhoea case counts of hospital admissions among vulnerable communities living in a rural setting in South Africa. We applied ‘contour analysis’ to visually examine simultaneous observations in frequencies of anomalously high and low diarrhoea case counts occurring in a season, and assigning colours to differences that were statistically significant based on chi-squared test results. Children under 5 years of age were especially vulnerable to diarrhoea during very dry, hot conditions as well as when conditions were wetter than usual. We saw an anomalously higher number of diarrhoea cases during ‘warmer than usual’ conditions in the dry winter season, with average winter temperatures in Limpopo being from about 5 to 10 °C. As for ‘wetter than usual’ conditions, we saw an anomalously higher number of diarrhoea cases during ‘drier than usual’ conditions for the winter and spring. The lagged association seen in cumulative rainfall could not be distinguished in the same way for temperature-related variables (indicating rainfall had a larger impact on higher cases of diarrhoea), nor for the older age group of 5 years and older. Dry conditions were associated with diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age; such conditions may lead to increased water storage, raising the risks of water contamination. Reduced use of water for personal hygiene and cleaning of outdoor pit latrines also affect sanitation quality. Rural communities require adequate and uninterrupted water provision, and healthcare providers should raise awareness about potential diarrhoeal risks, especially during the dry season as well as during wintertime when conditions are warmer than usual.
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Theron, N., D. Dalton, J. P. Grobler, R. Jansen, and A. Kotze. "Molecular insights on the re-colonization of the Limpopo Valley, South Africa, by Southern Ground-Hornbills." Journal of Ornithology 154, no. 3 (February 16, 2013): 727–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10336-013-0937-4.

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Molekoa, Mmasabata, Ram Avtar, Pankaj Kumar, Huynh Minh, and Tonni Kurniawan. "Hydrogeochemical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Mokopane Area, Limpopo, South Africa Using Statistical Approach." Water 11, no. 9 (September 11, 2019): 1891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11091891.

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Despite being a finite resource, both the quality and quantity of groundwater are under tremendous pressure due to rapid global changes, viz. population growth, land-use/land-cover changes (LULC), and climate change. The 6th Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) aims to “Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all”. One of the most significant dimensions of the SDG agenda is the emphasis on data and governance. However, the lack of good governance coupled with good observed data cannot ensure the achievement of SDG6. Therefore, this study strives to evaluate water quality status and hydrochemical processes governing it in the data-scarce Mokopane area of South Africa. Groundwater is the main source of fresh water supply for domestic usage, intensive agriculture, and mining activities in Mokopane. In this study, hydrogeochemical analysis of groundwater samples was employed to calculate the water quality index (WQI) and evaluate factors governing water quality evolution in the study area. Statistical and spatial analysis techniques were carried out to divide sampling sites into clusters and delineate principal factors responsible for determining water quality of the sampled groundwater. Results suggest that most of the physico-chemical parameters are within permissible limits for drinking water set by the World Health Organization (WHO), except for high fluoride in some samples. Na-HCO3 is the most abundant water type followed by Mg-HCO3, which indicates dominance of Na+, Mg2+, and HCO3±. Rock-water interaction is the prime factor responsible for fluoride enrichment in water. The alkaline nature of groundwater favors the release of exchangeable F− from minerals like muscovite. The WQI suggests that 80% of water samples fall into the good and excellent categories. Poor management of untreated domestic sewage and agricultural runoff is a main factor for the bad/very bad categories of water samples. As the area lacks any credible scientific/government work to report water quality and its management aspects, the findings of this study will definitely help both scientific communities and policy makers to do what is needed for sustainable water resource management in a timely manner.
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Botai, Christina M., Joel O. Botai, Nosipho N. Zwane, Patrick Hayombe, Eric K. Wamiti, Thabo Makgoale, Miriam D. Murambadoro, et al. "Hydroclimatic Extremes in the Limpopo River Basin, South Africa, under Changing Climate." Water 12, no. 12 (November 24, 2020): 3299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12123299.

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This research study evaluated the projected future climate and anticipated impacts on water-linked sectors on the transboundary Limpopo River Basin (LRB) with a focus on South Africa. Streamflow was simulated from two CORDEX-Africa regional climate models (RCMs) forced by the 5th phase of the Coupled Model Inter-Comparison Project (CMIP5) Global Climate Models (GCMs), namely, the CanESM2m and IPSL-CM5A-MR climate models. Three climate projection time intervals were considered spanning from 2006 to 2099 and delineated as follows: current climatology (2006–2035), near future (2036–2065) and end of century future projection (2070–2099). Statistical metrics derived from the projected streamflow were used to assess the impacts of the changing climate on water-linked sectors. These metrics included streamflow trends, low and high flow quantile probabilities, the Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI) trends and the proportion (%) of dry and wet years, as well as drought monitoring indicators. Based on the Mann-Kendall (MK) trend test, the LRB is projected to experience reduced streamflow in both the near and the distant future. The basin is projected to experience frequent dry and wet conditions that can translate to drought and flash floods, respectively. In particular, a high proportion of dry and a few incidences of wet years are expected in the basin in the future. In general, the findings of this research study will inform and enhance climate change adaptation and mitigation policy decisions and implementation thereof, to sustain the livelihoods of vulnerable communities.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ground water – South Africa – Limpopo"

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Mathipa, Morongwa Mary. "Analysis of the bio-physicochemical quality of surface and ground water in the Tubatse Municipality." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1663.

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Thesis (M. Sc. (Microbiology)) -- University of limpopo, 2016
Human activities are known to be the major contributors to contamination of natural water sources. This becomes a serious health risk when the communities rely on the same water sources for their household water needs. The current study investigated the bio-physicochemical quality of surface and ground waters found in a mining area in the Tubatse locality, for their suitability for drinking and other household use. The bacteriological analyses of surface waters showed dominance by genera of the phylum Proteobacteria, followed by Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. The isolates included the genera Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Cronobacter, Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, Pantoea, Serratia, Bordetella, Kocuria and Streptococcus. This dominance pattern is proportionately similar to the pattern reported on human skin and of gut biota. Enterobacter spp. were the predominant species in the surface waters, followed by Bordetella spp. With regard to ground water, one sample was laden with coliforms whereas the other sample was free of coliforms. Physical quality parameters such as turbidity, colour and (total suspended solids) TSS of the surface and ground water samples were compliant with the set standards for drinking water according to South African water quality guidelines (2005). The concentrations of Zn, [SCN-], Cr, Co, Fe, Ni, Cu, H2O2, Cl2 were determined in the surface and ground waters in dry and wet seasons as well. A non-significant decrease in the levels of Cl2 and [SCN-] and an increase in TDS and Cr were observed in the wet season. All metal and chemical levels in surface and ground water, except Cr, were lower than permitted concentration for drinking water. However the concentrations of Zn, Fe and Co exceeded the normal expected concentrations of < 3.5 μg/L, 0.5 mg/L, < 0.01 mg/L and < 5 μg/L respectively. The sediments and soil samples were digested with aqua regia for Cu, Cr, Fe, Co and Zn analyses. An increase in the levels of Zn, Cr and Co in the wet season was observed. The concentrations of the heavy metals such as Co, Cu and Cr were higher in sediments at the sampling points closer to the mining sites. Cytotoxicity assay was performed with different concentrations, as detected in the water and sediment samples, of Zn, [SCN-], Cr, Co, and Fe on C2C12 (mammalian) cells. An increase in viable cells was observed after treatment with Cr (0.2, 0.45 and 0.9 mg/L), Zn and Fe (1.0 and 2 mg/L), Co (2, 5 and 10 mg/L). Only cells treated with SCN- (3.3, 5.4 and 7.2 mg/L) exhibited a significant decrease in viability. These results demonstrate that the water in the Tubatse municipality is not suitable for drinking and other household purposes without prior treatment which will remove contaminating microorganisms and chemicals and heavy metals.
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Mekiso, Feleke Abiyo. "Hydrological proceses, chemical variability, and multiple isotopestracing of water flow paths in the Kudumela Wetland- Limpopo Province, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006153.

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The hydrology of the Kudumela Wetland, Limpopo Province of South Africa was studied from November 2005 to April 2007, involving both fieldwork and laboratory analyses. This study presents the results of an investigation of the hydrology of the Kudumela Wetland in South Africa, and its contribution to dry season flow in the Mohlapitsi and Olifants Rivers. Initially, 40 Piezometers were installed along seven transects and water levels monitored in order to understand water table level characteristics (fluctuations) with time. Water levels in transects one, three, the right bank portion of transect four and transect six showed fluctuations. Transect two, the left bank portion of transect four and transect five did not show significant temporal changes. The relationships between piezometer water levels, rainfall in the study area and stream flow observed at a river gauging station are not clear. The river within the wetland is a gaining stream because the water table level elevation is above that of the river. This indicates that the wetland is feeding the river. The northern part of the wetland (T1 and T2) is affected by artificial drains and most of the piezometers closest to the river channel showed the lowest variations. The relationships between rainfall, groundwater, and surface water at this site shows that stream flow did not respond quickly to precipitation as expected, even in months when rainfall increased (for example, 74 and 103mm during 08/02/06 and 18/02/06 respectively), and the groundwater levels did not show fluctuations, indicating that groundwater responds gradually to precipitation, and that the relationship between rainfall, groundwater and surface water is complex. The environmental stable isotopes (deuterium and oxygen-18) and the radioactive isotope (tritium) were analyzed, along with field observations of electrical conductivity (EC), pH, total alkalinity (Talka) and some major and minor dissolved ion analyses for tracing water dynamics in the study area. A total of 39 water samples was taken and analyzed from boreholes, auger holes, right bank and left bank drains, various points along the river and springs in four sampling visits to the wetland. The results did not clearly provide a temporal record of isotope and chemical variations in the various sources. Results from the most extensive sampling survey in April 2007 provide the most comprehensive overview of hydrological relationships. Clustering of the stable isotope data suggests that the water samples of upstream and downstream river, auger holes further south and most drains clustered together suggesting a common water source and almost all samples fall above the global (GMWL) and local (Pretoria MWL) meteoric water lines, while some fall between the global and Pretoria meteoric water lines. Six representative water samples were analyzed for major ion concentration. Both cation (Ca, Mg, K, and Na) and anion (HCO3, SO4, Cl, and NO3) analyses in November 2007 confirmed conclusions reached from field observations. The analysis shows that a single type of water (Ca, Mg-HCO3) is involved in the study area. In almost all major ion plots, the right bank drains, upstream river and downstream river samples grouped together in a single cluster. As the means for reliable river flow measurements were not available, except for the gauging station at the outlet of the valley, rough, semi-quantitative estimates were made during several field visits. These, suggest considerable losses of river flow into the gravel/boulder beds at and below a gabion dam at the head of the valley. Three major and several other left bank springs and right bank drains at transects T1 and T2 contributed to the river flow at all times. Along with the isotopic and chemical evidence, these observations have lead to a hypothesis that river water enters the wetland and flows back to the Mohlapitsi River through boulder beds underlying the wetland and through drains on the surface of the argillaceous aquitard covering the more conductive boulder beds. Deeper dolomitic groundwater does not appear to contribute to the water balance at least in the northern half of the wetland. Although environmental isotope and hydrochemistry results may not unequivocally prove this hypothesis they do not contradict it.
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Manamela, Kwena France. "An investigation of water delivery constraints at Mabokelele village, Limpopo Province, South Africa." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/633.

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Thesis (M.Dev.) --University of Limpopo, 2010
The aim of the research study was to examine and analyse the main constraints faced by the Polokwane Local Municipality in delivery water services to Mabokelele Village. For the researcher to be able to achieve the aim of the study, key research questions were posed which enabled the researcher to gather / collect data that helped shed more light in the research project. Research questions such as what are the constraints faced by the Polokwane Local Municipality in water delivery services, and what strategies are been to address those constraints and how effective are those strategies, were posed to the participants of this research study. The study used the qualitative research design. Respondents were seen as experts of their own life situation. Face to face interviews were used to collect data from the participants. Data analyses was done in the form of content data analysis. The key findings of the research project:- Shortage of skills in financial management, inadequate water service infrastructure, inadequate human resource for water service delivery, lack of co-operation between the Polokwane Municipality and the Mabokelele Induna and lack of community participation and consultation by the Polokwane Local Municipality and long delays caused by the tendering process were identified as the key findings for the study. Recommendations for the study was guided by the findings of the research project. The following served as recommendations for the study : Polokwane Local Municipality should ensure that people with financial management skills and project management are employed to avoid under-spending of the budget. Community participation and consultation should be key when implementing projects to the community, Department of Water Affairs to ensure that enough water service infrastructure is provided so that the Municipality can function properly. Dwarf should speed up the transfer of officials to Polokwane Local Municipality and lastly, the red tapes in the tendering processes should be minimized to avoid long delays in the approval of water projects.
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Motoboli, Ma-Edward Jermina. "The impact of improved water access for both domestic and productive uses on human development: the case of Letsoalo-Sekororo in Limpopo Province, South Africa." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/405.

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Thesis (M.A. (Agricultural Economics))--University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2011.
The main aim of the study was to analyse the impact of improved water access for both domestic and productive uses on human development. The study was conducted in three villages in the Letsoalo-Sekororo community within the Mopani District Municipality in the Maruleng Local Municipality around the banks of the Olifants River in Limpopo Province, South Africa. The study used a total sample of 59 participants representing 40 households, 16 key informants. Three focus group discussions were held. Various variables for the households were selected and analysed using logistic regression. The method of agreement was used for key informants as well as for focus group discussions. The results from the logistic regression indicated that household size and quantity of water consumed by an individual per household was found to be showing a positive relationship to improved water access. Cattle ownership and household’s monthly income were found to be showing a negative relationship to improved water access. The results also indicated that other people’s private yard taps are the water source which showed a negative relationship to improved water access. The variable food availability throughout the year, showed a positive relationship to improved water access. Water related disease showed a negative relationship to improved water access. The results of method of agreement indicated that there are many challenges faced by the key informants. These challenges were because of the poor water reticulations and the fact that other households were unable to make their connections due to lack of a money. vii The study recommends that the Department of Water Affairs and the Maruleng Local Municipality should continue their efforts of getting enough and safe water fir the Letsoalo- Sekororo communities. Once that is done these communities will be able to get involved in income generating activities.
French Embassy through the Centre for Rural Community Empowerment
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Mahed, Gaathier. "Analysis of temporal and spatial variations in water storage by means of gravimetric and hydrologic methods in the region around the South African gravimetric observation station." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6714.

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This work examines the use of gravity data and its application to subsurface water reservoirs in the immediate vicinity of the South African Geodynamic Observatory, Sutherland (SAGOS), situated in a semi-arid region of the Karoo region of South Africa, and underlain by the Karoo sedimentary rocks intruded by dolerite dykes and sills. SAGOS houses the only supergravity metre (SG) in Africa, and this thesis sets out to test its use in monitoring groundwater dynamics using hydrological and gravity data. The main aim of this work is the application of the SG data, in conjunction with hydrological data, to better understand episodic recharge of subsurface reservoirs. The importance of water as a resource, globally and specifically the Karoo, is reviewed in conjunction with supply and demand of water. This is to contextualise the socio-economic, technical as well as policy issues related to water resource management. Applicable technologies for water resource management and efficient water use are highlighted and the application of gravity to hydrology is introduced, including satellite as well as ground based tools. In addition, arid zone hydrology as well as recharge and its mechanisms are analysed in order to better understand these processes when examined from gravity measurements. Issues related to understanding flow within the vadose zone as well as in secondary aquifers are examined, and gravity residuals and subsurface hydrology are highlighted. Thereafter, a conceptual groundwater flow modelof the study area is developed using multiple tools. First, the geology around SAGOS was mapped using SPOT 5 imagery and then ground truthed. Second, stable isotopes and water chemistry analysis was undertaken on water samples from selected boreholes. The results allude to preferential flow acting as the main mechanism for groundwater recharge. Follow-up pump-tests illustrate that fracture connectivity is greatest at close proximity to the dyke. Soil mapping, using aerial photography was also undertaken. Duplex soils, enriched with clay at depth, dominate the study area. Using in-situ infiltration tests, it is shown that the alluvium, which lines the river beds, has a higher hydraulic conductivity than the other soils, confirming that these streams act as preferential conduits for subsurface recharge. Precipitation events were correlated against gravity residuals at 4 wells, over different time periods. The results are examined using time series analyses. Gravity residuals from well SA BK07, over a period of 24 hours after the rainfall event, delineate instances of negative correlations, as well as strong positive correlations (of up to 0.9). On the whole however, correlations between gravity and groundwater at SA BK07 are variable and weak, and in conjunction with water level measurements and water chemistry, the data suggest that this well is located in a dynamic conduit (throughflow) and not in a permanent groundwater reservoir. By contrast, other wells show strong positive correlations between gravity residuals and water levels following episodic recharge events for a later time series. Correlations between the water levels and gravity residuals in wells SA BK04, SA BK05 and SA BK 01 are in excess of 0.7 for specific rainfall events. In summary, the results suggests that gravity is an excellent tool for measuring episodic groundwater recharge within the immediate vicinity of the SAGOS. This implies that gravity can aid in monitoring groundwater losses/gains in arid and semi-arid areas. Recommendations for future work are highlighted at the end; these include the possible use of hydrological modelling of reservoirs at various scales and then comparing these results to the SG as well as GOCE and GRACE satellites data, and then improving numerical modelling of the groundwater dynamics for sites like Sutherland and the surrounding arid Karoo region, where sparse water shortages, and potential pollution related to fracking for shale-gas, are likely to compete with established water needs for farming and human consumption. It is also suggested that the gravity modelling be examined to better understand site specific scenarios and thus aid in improving the processing of the gravity signal.
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Masenya, Malesela Jim. "The effects of gender discrimination in water services provision on women empowerment in Gapila Village, Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1534.

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Thesis (M.Dev.) --University of Limpopo, 2015
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of gender discrimination in water services provision on women empowerment in GaPila Village, located in Limpopo Province. Gender discrimination remains a major challenge both in the labour market and within households. The allocation of resources within households is still much gendered due to unequal gender relations in most rural areas. Men are allocated most resources within households and have many benefits than women. Such also manifest to children. Despite, women being major beneficiaries of the delivery of water services, they are discriminated against as they are not involved with the processes that precede the provision of such services. The study used both quantitative and qualitative research approach to establish the effects of gender discrimination in the provision of water services on women empowerment. The findings of the study illustrated that culture and tradition are the key to the inadequacy of women’s access to and control over management of water services. Cultural practices within communities either ignore female participation in water services management. Their participation is obstructed by lack of time, level of education, low self-esteem and flexibility due to substantial workload and numerous household responsibilities. The study also showed that according to local cultural beliefs, the status of women whether high or low, does not determine the amount of work that must be done by her at home, because irrespective of her status or career placement, her primary assignment is to care for the family/home. The study further revealed that women in the GaPila Village are allowed access to economic opportunities and participation roles during community meetings. Also, women are allowed to occupy positions such as chairperson, secretary and treasurer; however, due to culture and tradition, low self-esteem and lack of support from men, women do not take advantage of such opportunities to occupy these positions of authority in water services. Therefore, the study concluded that, as woman’s contributions regarding water services provision remains inconsequential because they are excluded from decision making processes that affect their level of living and prospects of empowerment. From a water services provision perspective, this study affirms the theoretical principle that discrimination against women disempowers them. Women are the beneficiaries of water services because most of their duties require water. As such, it is important for women to actively participate and to be involved in the management committee relating to water services and provision.
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Pearce, Meryl Winsome. "Assessment of factors influencing the quality of surface and ground water in the Hout Bay river catchment." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001900.

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An investigation into the quality of surface water and ground water was conducted during 1988 in the 38,8 km² Hout Bay River catchment near Cape Town. The main objective of the study was to determine those areas and activities which constitute a pollution source and to ascertain the relative proportion which each contributes to the pollution problem and health risk of the surf zone of the beach at Hout Ba . The objective was achieved by monitoring the chemical and microbiological attributes of the Hout Bay River, its tributaries and stormdrains in wet and dry conditions on a routine basis and during storm events. Hout Bay is a rapidly developing residential area in which sewage disposal occurs by means of septic tank soakaway systems. Ground water quality was monitored to investigate the contribution to contamination by septic tank effluent. Results showed that stormdrain effluent in dry and wet conditions and surface runoff during rainfall were the main vectors of pollution. Although the pollution concentration was high during dry conditions the greatest pollution discharge to the surf zone of Hout Bay occurred during storm events. In view of the proposed residential development it is imperative that pollution control measures be undertaken so as to secure the future recreational and aesthetic value of Hout Bay
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Botha, F. S. "Ground water resource development in hard crystalline rock aquifers on the Nebo Plateau, South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26292.

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Machethe, Elliot Masoto. "The causes and impact of water shortage on the households of Ga-Kgapane Township in the Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/677.

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Thesis (M.Dev.) --University of Limpopo, 2011
Water shortage is a global problem. While other people in some parts of the world maybe enjoying enough supply of water others are faced with water shortage. South Africa is not an exception in this regard because some do not have access to water but rely on distance conveyance. Government is under constitutional obligation to supply this basic social and economic service. This study, therefore, aimed at investigating the causes of water shortage and the impact thereof on the household of Ga-Kgapane Township in Limpopo Province. This township falls under Greater Letaba Municipality in Modjadjiskloof. The data collected from four sections/localities of this Township showed that the area has a serious problem of water shortage. The lack of water according to the findings negatively affects the livelihoods and development of the people of Ga-Kgapane Township.
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Botha, F. S. "Ground water resource development in hard crystalline rock aquifers on the Nebo Plateau, South Africa." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01312007-152347/.

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Books on the topic "Ground water – South Africa – Limpopo"

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Simpungwe, Eliab. Water, stakeholders and common ground: Challenges for multi-stakeholder platforms in water resource management in South Africa. [Wageningen: s.n.], 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ground water – South Africa – Limpopo"

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O. Fouch, P. S., and W. Vlok. "The Vulnerability of the Shingwedzi River, a Non-Perennial River in a Water Stressed Rural Area of the Limpopo Province, South Africa." In Water Pollution. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/31442.

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Mzezewa, Jestinos, and Eastonce T. Gwata. "Analysis of Soil Profile Water Storage under Sunflower × Cowpea Intercrop in the Limpopo Province of South Africa." In Alternative Crops and Cropping Systems. InTech, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/62764.

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Alemaw, Berhanu F., Thebeyame Ronald Chaoka, and Brigton Munyai. "Remote Sensing-Based Evapotranspiration Modelling for Agricultural Water Management in the Limpopo Basin." In Environmental Information Systems, 249–86. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7033-2.ch013.

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The study was motivated by the need to determine the spatial variation of ET and to test the applicability of RS based methods in arid to semi-arid climates with limited ground-based measurements. In this paper we present results of an effort of determining spatial actual evapotranspiration in the Limpopo basin, the Notwane subcatchment in the south-eastern part of Botswana, using remote sensing data from MODIS and Landsat Data sets. The Simplified Surface Energy Balance Index (S-SEBI) was applied to determine actual evapotranspiration using the seven bands of Landsat and MODIS surface reflectance and temperature channels. Three different dates were used to estimate ET from both Landsat and MODIS scenes. The estimated ET values from the two sensors show approximately equally comparable results. An assessment was also conducted to determine the factors influencing evapotranspiration. No strong correlation was identified for ET against the five factors investigated: Net radiation, NDVI, Surface Temperature, emissivity and surface albedo.
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Alemaw, Berhanu F., Thebeyame Ronald Chaoka, and Brigton Munyai. "Remote Sensing-Based Evapotranspiration Modelling for Agricultural Water Management in the Limpopo Basin." In Advances in Geospatial Technologies, 50–85. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3440-2.ch004.

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The study was motivated by the need to determine the spatial variation of ET and to test the applicability of RS based methods in arid to semi-arid climates with limited ground-based measurements. In this paper we present results of an effort of determining spatial actual evapotranspiration in the Limpopo basin, the Notwane subcatchment in the south-eastern part of Botswana, using remote sensing data from MODIS and Landsat Data sets. The Simplified Surface Energy Balance Index (S-SEBI) was applied to determine actual evapotranspiration using the seven bands of Landsat and MODIS surface reflectance and temperature channels. Three different dates were used to estimate ET from both Landsat and MODIS scenes. The estimated ET values from the two sensors show approximately equally comparable results. An assessment was also conducted to determine the factors influencing evapotranspiration. No strong correlation was identified for ET against the five factors investigated: Net radiation, NDVI, Surface Temperature, emissivity and surface albedo.
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Rankoana, Sejabaledi. "The Use of Indigenous Knowledge in Subsistence Farming: Implications for Sustainable Agricultural Production in Dikgale Community in Limpopo Province, South Africa." In Toward a Sustainable Agriculture: Farming Practices and Water Use. MDPI, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03842-331-7-4.

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Gaines, Susan M., Geoffrey Eglinton, and Jürgen Rullkötter. "Molecular Informants: A Changing Perspective of Organic Chemistry." In Echoes of Life. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195176193.003.0007.

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Lodged in the earth’s outermost layer, ephemeral scratch on a mineral skin, life plays cards with a handful of elements—builds molecular extravaganzas of carbon and hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, or precious phosphorus, and forms the pieces to the parts that, assembled, define it. When the game is over, the cards reshuffled, the parts dismantled—membranes ruptured, shells dissolved, bones ground to dust—a few of those organic molecules remain in the sediments and rocks, bearing witness to the distant moments of their creation. Imagine the most humble bit of life, a microscopic alga basking in the sun-graced surface of the sea. Think of the tiny animal that grazes on the alga, dismantling its parts, using the pieces and discarding the difficult-to-digest fats and sturdy membrane lipids in tiny pellet-like feces that sink slowly into the dark waters of the deep sea—a thousand meters, two, three, maybe more. Imagine the bacteria that cling to the pellets as they settle onto the seafloor, zealous recyclers of organic molecules, using some and transforming others, leaving them stripped down or broken but still recognizable among the generic mineral bits of shell and clay that accumulate, particle by particle, year by year, layer by layer. Dig down, dig back, through meters and kilometers of sediments, through millennia and epochs, and you’ll find them yet, those molecular relics, testaments to that tiny, light-loving bit of bygone life. What do those molecules know, what do they have to say? Might they remember their maker’s name and environment, how that tiny alga lived and died? Was it rich or poor, food plentiful or scarce, the water warm or cold? Perhaps there was a current from the south, or cold nutrient-rich waters upwelling from the deep. Maybe there was a drought in Africa and dry winds blew nutrient-laden dust over the Atlantic, the continent’s misfortune a literal windfall for marine algae. Perhaps a meteor fell that year and the light went out of the sky, the temperature dropped suddenly, and the world died in a blink.
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Conference papers on the topic "Ground water – South Africa – Limpopo"

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"Assessing the Quality of Traditionally Manufactured Ceramic Water Filters, Limpopo, South Africa." In Nov. 27-28, 2017 South Africa. EARES, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eares.eap1117047.

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MAKUNGO, RACHEL, and JOHN O. ODIYO. "GROUNDWATER QUALITY AND ITS DISTRIBUTION IN SILOAM VILLAGE, LIMPOPO PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA." In WATER POLLUTION 2018. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp180051.

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"Impact of Tea Processing Water Wastes on Phytoplankton Composition of Tshinane River, Limpopo Province." In Nov. 27-28, 2017 South Africa. EARES, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eares.eap1117054.

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Odiyo, J. O., and R. Makungo. "Water quality problems and management in rural areas of Limpopo Province, South Africa." In WATER POLLUTION 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp120121.

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Gezon, Chris, David Larance, Scott Foster, Stephen Hudson, and Garrick Louis. "Developing a water collection and filtration system in Limpopo, South Africa." In 2010 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sieds.2010.5469665.

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Malapane, T. A., C. Hackett, V. Netshandama, and J. Smith. "Ceramic water filter for point-of-use water treatment in Limpopo province, South Africa." In 2012 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sieds.2012.6215150.

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Nyabeze, P. K., J. S. Venter, J. Olivier, and T. R. Motlakeng. "Characterisation of the Thermal Aquifer Associated with the Siloam Hot Spring in Limpopo, South Africa." In Water Resource Management. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2010.686-059.

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Kundu, P. M., R. L. Singo, J. O. Odiyo, F. I. Mathivha, and R. N. Nkuna. "Extraction and analysis of morphologic and hydrologic properties for Luvuvhu River Catchment in Limpopo province, South Africa." In WATER AND SOCIETY 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ws130031.

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Speelman, S., M. D’Haese, A. Frija, S. Farolfi, and L. D’Haese. "Willingness to pay for water and water rights definition: study among smallholder irrigators in Limpopo province, South Africa." In WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wrm090311.

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Mathivha, F. I., P. M. Kundu, and L. R. Singo. "The impacts of land cover change on stream discharges in Luvuvhu River Catchment, Vhembe District, Limpopo Province, South Africa." In URBAN WATER 2016. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/uw160231.

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